Russian composers 20 early 21st century. Composers of the XX century

The 20th century for music was pretty fruitful. The music has undergone various changes and has been influenced by many events that occurred at the time. Wars, revolution significantly influenced musical works. In addition, another important factor was the appearance of cinema. In this regard, many Soviet composers of the 20th centuries took up the writing of music to various filmmakers and achieved excellent results in this field. Many Soviet composers of the 20th century became real professionals in writing music for movies. True, they have not yet passed in most of their sufficient time testing to treat the category "Classical Music". At that time, the Soviet composer M. Tariverdiev was worked. The composer wrote musical accompaniment for such a film, such as "King deer", "Love", "Irony of Fate." Then Doga worked. E.D. DOG - Moldavian Soviet composer who wrote music for many famous film. Among which: "Tabor goes to the sky", "Boulevard Romance" and others. However, composers of the 20th century are not only composers glorified by a film language. The names of such composers like Kalman, Khachaturian, Puccini, Prokofiev, Debussy, Rachmaninov, are known to many connoisseurs of good music.

Such a rich repertoire is only in the Mossoveta Theater, although other theaters are nothing too.

Rakhmaninov's talent manifested itself early and brightly. By the end of the conservatory, he was already the author of several writings, among whom - the famous prelude of the pre-Diez Minor, the first piano concert, Opera "Aleko". The fantasy plays, suite for two piano, "musical moments", romances - confirmed the opinion of Rakhmaninov as a talent of a strong, deep, distinctive. Decisive and domineering in the performance and work, Rachmaninov by nature was human wounded, often experienced insecurity. The strong shock, caused by the failure of his first symphony in 1897 led to a creative crisis. For several years, Rakhmaninov did not compose anything, but his performing activity as a pianist was activated, the conductor debut took place. Only at the beginning of the 1900s, Rakhmaninov had a return to creativity. The new century began with the brilliant second piano concert. The contemporaries heard the voice of the time with his tension, explosive, the feeling of future change. In the life of Rakhmaninov comes a new stage. Universal recognition in Russia and abroad receives the pianistic and conductorship activities of Rakhmaninov, in 1909 he composes his brilliant third piano concert. At the end of 1917, Rachmaninov with the family left Russia, as it turned out, forever. For more than a quarter of a century, he lived in the United States, and this period was mainly saturated with exhaustive concert activities submitted to the brutal laws of musical business. The first years of stay abroad Rachmaninov did not leave thoughts about the loss of creative inspiration: "Having left Russia, I lost the desire to compose. Having lost his homeland, I lost myself." Only 8 years after departure abroad, Rakhmaninov returns to creativity, creates the fourth piano concert, the third symphony, "symphonic dances". These works are the last, the highest Rachmaninovsky takes off. The sorrowful feeling of irreparable loss, burning longing across Russia gives rise to the art of a huge tragic force reaching its apogee in "Symphony Dance". So through all the work of Rachmaninov, hesit the inviolability of their ethical principles, high spirituality, loyalty and inevitable love of the motherland, whose personification has become his art.

The difference from many of their predecessors and contemporaries, Chopin composed almost exclusively for piano. He did not leave any opera, not a single symphony or overture. Especially strikingly giving a composer who managed to create so much bright, new in the field of piano music.

The work of Russian composers of the late 19th - the first half of the 20th century is a holistic continuation of the traditions of the Russian school. At the same time, the concept of approach to the "national" belonging to one or another music, directly quoting folk melodies, has already been practically no, but remained an intonational Russian basis, the Russian soul.

(1872 — 1915)

- Russian composer and pianist, one of the brightest personalities of the Russian and world musical culture. The original and deep poetic creativity of Scriabin was distinguished by an innovation even on the background of the birth of many new directions in art related to changes in public life at the turn of the 20th century.

Born in Moscow, mother died early, his father could not pay attention to his son, as he served as ambassador in Persia. Scriasin brought up aunt and grandfather, since childhood showed musical abilities. At the beginning he studied in the Cadet Corps, she took private lessons on the piano, after the end of the corps he entered the Moscow Conservatory, his fellow students was S.V. Rashmaninov. After graduating from the Conservatory, Scriabin completely devoted himself to music - as the concert-pianist composer toured in Europe and Russia, spending most of the time abroad.

The peak of the composer creativity Scriabin was 1903-1908, when the third symphony ("Divine Poem"), a symphonic "Ecstasy Poem", "Tragic" and "Satanic" piano poems, 4 and 5 Sonats and other works.

"Poem Ecstasy" consisting of several topics, concentrated the creative ideas of Sjababin and is a bright masterpiece. In it, the love of the composer to the relics of the large orchestra and lyrical, the air sound of solo instruments were harmoniously connected. Enchanted in the "Poem Ecstasy" a colossal vital energy, fiery passion, volitional power produces an irresistible impression on the listener and until today retains its impact.

Another masterpiece of Scriabin is "Prometheus" ("Poem of Fire"), in which the author fully updated his harmonic language, retreating from the traditional tonal system, and also for the first time in history, this work was supposed to accompany the colorwoman, but the premiere, for technical reasons, passed without light effects.

Last unfinished "Mystery" There was an idea of \u200b\u200bScriabin, a dreamer, romance, philosopher, to contact all humanity and inspire him to create a new fantastic world order, the combination of the Universal Spirit with matter.

Quote A. N. Scriabin: "I am going to tell them (people) - so that they ... nothing expected from life except that they themselves can create themselves ... I go to tell them what to grieve is nothing about that there is no loss. So that they are not afraid of despair, which one can generate a real celebration. Silen and mighty someone who experienced despair and defeated it. "

Quote about A. N. Skryabin: "The creativity of Scriabin was its time expressed in sounds. But when the temporary, the transient finds its expression in the work of a large artist, it acquires a constant value and is done increasing. " G. V. Plekhanov.

(1873 — 1943)

Sergey Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov is the largest world composer of the beginning of the 20th century, a talented pianist and a conductor. The creative image of Rachmaninov-composer is often determined by the epithet of the "most Russian composer", emphasizing in this brief formulation of its merit in the unification of the musical traditions of the Moscow and St. Petersburg composer schools and in creating their own unique style, the mansion of the world musical culture.

Born in the Novgorod province, from four years began to engage in music under the leadership of the mother. He studied at the St. Petersburg Conservatory, after 3 years of study transferred to the Moscow Conservatory and finished it with a large gold medal. Quickly became known as the conductor and pianist, composed music.

The faithful premiere of the innovative first symphony (1897) in St. Petersburg caused a creative composer crisis, from which Rakhmaninov came out at the beginning of the 1900s with the style that united Russian church symbols, outgoing European romanticism, modern impressionism and non-classism, and all this is saturated with complex symbolism. In this creative period, the best works are born, among which 2 and 3 piano concerts, the second symphony and its most favorite work - the poem "Bells" for the choir, soloists and the orchestra.

In 1917, Rakhmaninov with his family was forced to leave our country and settle in the United States. Almost ten years after the departure did not compose anything, but a lot toured in America and Europe and was recognized as one of the greatest pianists of the era and the largest conductor.

Over all the turbulent activities, Rachmaninov remained wounded and insecure, seeking solitude and even loneliness, avoiding the annoying attention of the public. I sincerely loved and dressed in my homeland, thinking did not make a mistake by leaving her. He was constantly interested in all the events occurring in Russia, read books, newspapers and magazines, helped materially. His last compositions - Symphony No. 3 (1937) and "Symphony Dances" (1940) became the result of a creative path, felt all the best of his unique style and a sorrowful feeling of irrepressible loss and longing in their homeland.

Quotes S.V. Rhahmaninova:

"I feel like a ghost that lonely wanders in someone else's world."

"The highest quality of all art is his sincerity."

"The big composers always also draw attention to the melody as the leading start in music. Melody is music, the main basis of all music ... Melodic ingenuity, in the highest sense of the word, is the main life goal of the composer .... For this reason, the great composers of the past showed so much interest in the folk melodies of their countries. "

Quote about S.V. Rashmaninov:

"Rachmanins was created from steel and gold: steel in his hands, gold - in the heart. I can not think about him without tears. I not only leaned before the great artist, but loved in him. " I.Hofman

"Rachmaninov's music is the ocean. His waves are musical - begin so far beyond the horizon, and you are as high and so slowly lowered you ... that you feel this power and breathing. " A. Konchalovsky

Interesting fact: During the Great Patriotic War, Rakhmaninov gave several charitable concerts, the money was paid to the Red Army to the Foundation for the fight against the German fascist invaders.

8. Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky

(1882-1971)

Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky is one of the most influential world composers of the 20th century, the leader of neoclassicism.

Stravinsky became a "mirror" of the musical era, in his work reflected the multiplicity of styles, constantly intersecting and difficult to classify. He freely combines genres, shapes, styles, choosing them from centuries of musical history and subjugate to its own rules.

Born near St. Petersburg, he studied at the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, independently studied musical disciplines, took private lessons from N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov, it was the only composer school of Stravinsky, thanks to which he mastered the perfection of composer equipment. It began to write professionally relatively late, but it was rapid - a series of three ballets: "Firebird" (1910), "Parsley" (1911) and "Spring Sacred" (1913) immediately brought it into the number of composers of the first magnitude.

In 1914 left Russia, as it turned out almost forever (in 1962 there were touring in the USSR). Stravinsky - Cosmopolitan, forced to change several countries - Russia, Switzerland, France, as a result, remained to live in the United States.

His creativity is divided into three periods - "Russian", "neoclassical", American "serial production", periods are divided into lifetime in different countries, but according to the author's "handwriting".

Stravinsky was a very highly educated, sociable person, with a wonderful sense of humor. The circle of his acquaintances and correspondents included musicians, poets, artists, scientists, businessmen, government figures.

The last higher achievement of Straviansky - "Requiem" (Sound Chanting) (1966) was imagined and united the preceding artistic experience of the composer, becoming the true apotheosis of the master's creativity.

In the work of Stravinsky, one unique feature is allocated - "non-repeatability", it was not called the "composer of a thousand one style", the constant change of genre, style, the directions of the plot - every of his work is unique, but he was constantly returned to the designs in which the Russian origin was visible, heard Russian roots.

Quote I.F. Sadvinsky: "I speak Russian all my life, I have a syllable Russian. Maybe in my music it is not immediately visible, but it is laid in it, it is in its hidden nature "

Quote about I.F. Sadvinsky: "Stravinsky - Truly Russian composer ... The Russian spirit is indestructable in the heart of this real truly large, multifaceted talent, born of the land of Russian and blood with her connected ..." D.Shostakovich

Interesting fact (bike): Once in New York, Stravinsky took a taxi and read his surname on the table with surprise.
- You are not a relative of the composer? He asked the chauffeur.
- Is there a composer with that surname? - Surprised the driver. - Hear it for the first time. However, Stravinsky - the surname of the taxi owner. I have nothing to do with music - my surname Rossini ...

9. Sergey Petrovich Prokofiev

(1891-1953)

Sergey Sergeevich Prokofiev is one of the largest Russian composers of the 20th century, a pianist, conductor.

Born in the Donetsk region, since childhood he joined music. Prokofiev can be considered one of the few (if not the only) Russian musical "adderkinds", since 5 years he was engaged in composing, at 9 years old wrote two operas (of course, these works are still immature, but show the desire for creating), at the age of 13 I passed the exams in St. Petersburg Conservatory, among his teachers was N.A. Rimsky-Korsakov.

The beginning of a professional career caused a storm of criticism and misunderstanding of his individual fundamentally anti-grate and extremely modernist style, the paradox is that the rushing of academic canons, the structure of his compositions remained faithful to the classical principles and subsequently became the restraining force of the modernist community skepticism. From the very beginning, Career Prokofiev performed a lot and toured. In 1918 he went to the international tour, including came to the USSR, finally returned to his homeland in 1936.

The country has changed and the "free" creativity of Prokofiev has forced to give the realities of new requirements. The Talent of Prokofiev bloomed with a new force - he writes operas, ballets, music for movies - acute, volitional, extremely accurate music with new images and ideas, laid the foundation of Soviet classical music and opera.

In 1948, there were almost three tragic events at the same time: on suspicion of espionage, his first wife-Spaniard was arrested and sent to the camp; The ruling of the Polyburo of the Central Committee of the CSP (b) in which Prokofiev, Shostakovich and others were attacked and accused of "formalism" and the dangers of their music; There was a sharp deterioration in the composition of the composer, he retired to the cottage and practically did not leave it, but continued to compose.

Some of the bright works of the Soviet period were the opera "War and Peace", "Tale of the Real Man"; Ballets "Romeo and Juliet", "Cinderella", which became a new reference to world ballet music; Oratoria "guarding the world"; Music to the films "Alexander Nevsky" and "Ivan Grozny"; Symphony number 5,6,7; Piano works.

The work of Prokofiev is striking the versatility and breadth of the subject, the identity of his musical thinking, freshness and originality made up a whole epoch in the world musical culture of the 20th century and had a powerful impact on many Soviet and foreign composers.

Quote S.S.Prokofyeva: "Can the artist stand aside from life? .. I adhere to the conviction that the composer, like the poet, whisk, the painter is designed to serve the person and people ... He, above all, must be a citizen in his art, chanting human life and lead Man to the bright future ... "

"I am a manifestation of life that gives me the strength to resist everything underhow"

Quote about S.S.Prokofyev: "... all the verge of his music is beautiful. But there is one completely unusual thing here. We all seem to have any failures, doubts, just a bad mood. And at such moments, even if I do not play and do not listen to Prokofiev, but I just think about him, I get an incredible charge of energy, I feel a huge desire to live, act "E.Kysin

Interesting fact: Prokofiev loved chess very much, and enriched the game with his ideas and achievements, among which they were invented by "ninetyny" chess - 24x24 fields with nine sets of figures placed on it.

(1906 — 1975)

Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich is one of the most significant and executable composers in the world, its influence on modern classical music is immeasurably. His creations are the true expressions of the inner human drama and the chronicle of the heavy events of the 20th century, where deeply personal intertwined with the tragedy of man and humanity, with the fate of the native country.

Born in St. Petersburg, the first music lessons received from the mother, graduated from the St. Petersburg conservatory, when he received her rector Alexander Glazunov, compared him with Mozart - so he struck all his excellent musical memory, a thin hearing and composer gift. Already at the beginning of the 20s, by the end of the conservatory, Shostakovich had a baggage of his own works and got into the very best composers of the country. The world glory came to Shostakovich after the victory in the 1st International Chopin Competition in 1927.

Until a certain period, namely before setting the opera "Lady McBet Mtsensky County," Shostakovich worked as a free artist - "Avangardist", experimenting with styles and genres. The hard spread of this opera, arranged in 1936, and repressions of 1937 laid the beginning of the subsequent permanent inner struggle of Shostakovich for the desire to express their views with their means in the conditions of imposing areas of directions in art.

In his life, politics and creativity are very closely intertwined, he was praised by power and she geimy, he held high positions and filmed from them, awarded and was on the verge of arrest himself and his loved ones.

Soft, intelligent, delicate man He found his form of expression of creative principles in symphony, where he could mostly speak the truth about time. Of the total creativity of Shostakovich in all genres of Symphony (15 works), they are central to the central place, the most dramatically saturated are 5,7,8,10,15 symphonies, which became the top of the Soviet symphonic music. A completely different Shostakovich opens in chamber music.

Despite the fact that Shostakovich himself was a "home" composer and practically did not travel abroad, his humanistic essentially and truly artistic music in the form of music quickly and widely spread in the world, was performed by the best conductors. The magnitude of the talent of Shostakovich is so immense that the complete comprehension of this unique phenomenon of world art is still ahead.

Quote D. D. Shostakovich: "True music is able to express only humane feelings, only advanced humane ideas."

6. (1872 - 1915)

Alexander Nikolaevich Scriabin is a Russian composer and a pianist, one of the brightest personalities of Russian and world musical culture. The original and deep poetic creativity of Scriabin was distinguished by an innovation even on the background of the birth of many new directions in art related to changes in public life at the turn of the 20th century.
Born in Moscow, mother died early, his father could not pay attention to his son, as he served as ambassador in Persia. Scriasin brought up aunt and grandfather, since childhood showed musical abilities. At the beginning he studied in the Cadet Corps, she took private lessons on the piano, after the end of the corps he entered the Moscow Conservatory, his fellow students was S.V. Rashmaninov. After graduating from the Conservatory, Scriabin completely devoted himself to music - as a concerting pianist-composer toured in Europe and Russia, spending most of the time abroad.
The peak of the composer creativity Scriabin was 1903-1908, when the third symphony ("Divine Poem"), the symphonic "ecstasy poem", "tragic" and "satanic" piano poems, 4 and 5 Sonats and other works came out. "Ecstasy Poem", consisting of several topics, concentrated the creative ideas of Siedabine and is a bright masterpiece. In it, the love of the composer to the relics of the large orchestra and lyrical, the air sound of solo instruments were harmoniously connected. An embodied in the "Ecstasy Poem" is a colossal vital energy, fiery passion, volitional power produces an irresistible impression on the listener and until today retains its impact.
Another masterpiece of Scriabin is "Prometheus" ("Poem of Fire"), in which the author fully updated his harmonic language, retreating from the traditional tone system, and also for the first time in history, this work was to accompany the colorwoman, but the premiere, for technical reasons, was held Without light effects.
The last unfinished "Mystery" was an intention of Scriabin, a dreamer, romance, philosopher, to contact all humanity and inspire him to create a new fantastic world order, the combination of the Universal Spirit with matter.

Quote A.N.Skryabina: "I am going to tell them (people) - so that they ... nothing expected from life except that they themselves can create themselves ... I go to tell them what to grieve is nothing about that there is no loss . So that they are not afraid of despair, which one can generate a real celebration. Silen and mighty someone who experienced despair and defeated it. "

Quote about A.N.Skryabin: "The creativity of Scriabin was his time expressed in sounds. But when temporary, the transient finds his expression in the work of a large artist, it acquires a constant value and is incredible." G. V. Plekhanov

A.N.Skryabin "Prometheus"

7. (1873 - 1943)

Sergey Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov is the largest world composer of the beginning of the 20th century, a talented pianist and a conductor. The creative image of Rachmaninov-composer is often determined by the epithet of the "most Russian composer", emphasizing in this brief formulation of its merit in the unification of the musical traditions of the Moscow and St. Petersburg composer schools and in creating their own unique style, the mansion of the world musical culture.
Born in the Novgorod province, from four years began to engage in music under the leadership of the mother. He studied at the St. Petersburg Conservatory, after 3 years of study transferred to the Moscow Conservatory and finished it with a large gold medal. Quickly became known as the conductor and pianist, composed music. The faithful premiere of the innovative first symphony (1897) in St. Petersburg caused a creative composer crisis, from which Rakhmaninov came out at the beginning of the 1900s with the style that united Russian church symbols, outgoing European romanticism, modern impressionism and non-classism, and all this is saturated with complex symbolism. In this creative period, the best works are born, among which 2 and 3 piano concerts, the second symphony and its favorite work - the poem "Bells" for choir, soloists and orchestra.
In 1917, he was forced to leave our country and settle in the United States. Almost ten years after the departure did not compose anything, but a lot toured in America and Europe and was recognized as one of the greatest pianists of the era and the largest conductor. Over all the turbulent activities, Rachmaninov remained wounded and insecure, seeking solitude and even loneliness, avoiding the annoying attention of the public. I sincerely loved and dressed in my homeland, thinking did not make a mistake by leaving her. He was constantly interested in all the events occurring in Russia, read books, newspapers and magazines, helped materially. His last compositions - Symphony No. 3 (1937) and "Symphonic Dances" (1940) became the result of a creative path, felt all the best of his unique style and a sorrowful feeling of irreply loss and longing in their homeland.

Quote S.V. Rakhmaninova:
"I feel like a ghost that lonely wanders in someone else's peace."
"The highest quality of all art is his sincerity."
"Big composers always also draw attention to the melody, as a leading start in music. Melody is music, the main basis of all music ... Melodic ingenuity, in the supreme sense of the word, is the main life goal of the composer .... This reason, the great composers of the past showed so much interest in the folk melodies of their countries. "

Quote about S.V. Rashmaninov:
"Rachmaninov was created from steel and gold: steel in his hands, gold - in the heart. I can not think about him without tears. I not only leaned before the great artist, but I loved in him." I.Hofman
"Music Rachmaninova is the ocean. His waves are musical - begin so far beyond the horizon, and they are as high as much and so slowly lowered you ... that you feel this power and breathing." A. Konchalovsky

An interesting fact: during the Great Patriotic War, Rakhmaninov gave several charitable concerts, the money was paid to the Red Army to the Foundation for the fight against the German fascist invaders.

S.V. Arakhmaninov. Concerto for piano with orchestra number 2

8. (1882-1971)
Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky is one of the most influential world composers of the 20th century, the leader of neoclassicism. Stravinsky became the "mirror" of the musical era, in his work it is reflected in the multiplicity of styles, constantly intersecting and difficult to classify. He freely combines genres, shapes, styles, choosing them from centuries of musical history and subjugate to its own rules.
Born near St. Petersburg, he studied at the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg University, independently studied musical disciplines, took private lessons from N. A. Rimsky-Korsakov, it was the only composer school of Stravinsky, thanks to which he mastered the perfection of composer equipment. He began to professionally relatively late, but the takeoff was rapid - a series of three ballets: "Firebird" (1910), "Parsley" (1911) and "Spring Sacred" (1913) immediately brought it into the number of composers of the first magnitude.
In 1914 left Russia, as it turned out almost forever (in 1962 there were touring in the USSR). , I have forced to change several countries - Russia, Switzerland, France, and remained to live in the United States. His creativity is divided into three periods - "Russian", "neoclassical", American "mass production", periods are not divided into lifetime in different countries, but according to the author's "handwriting".
Stravinsky was a very highly educated, sociable person, with a wonderful sense of humor. The circle of his acquaintances and correspondents included musicians, poets, artists, scientists, businessmen, government figures.
The last higher achievement of the Straviansky - "Requiem" (Sound Chanting) (1966) decided and united the preceding artistic experience of the composer, becoming a true apotheosis of the Master's creativity.
In the work of Stavinsky, one unique feature is distinguished - "non-repeatability," it was not called "composer thousands of one style", the constant change of genre, style, the directions of the plot - every of his work is unique, but he was constantly returned to the designs in which Russian origin was visible, heard Russian roots.

Quote I.F. Sadvinsky: "I speak Russian all my life, I have a syllable Russian. Maybe this is not immediately visible in my music, but it is laid in it, it is in its hidden nature"

Quote about I.F. Sadvinsky: "Stravinsky - Truly Russian composer ... The Russian spirit is indestructable in the heart of this real truly large, multifaceted talent, born of the land of Russian and blood with her connected ..." D.Shostakovich

Interesting fact (bike):
Once in New York, Stravinsky took a taxi and read his surname on the table with surprise.
- You are not a relative of the composer? He asked the chauffeur.
- Is there a composer with that surname? - Surprised the driver. - Hear it for the first time. However, Stravinsky - the surname of the taxi owner. I have nothing to do with music - my surname Rossini ...

I.F.Stravinsky. Suite "Firebird"

9. (1891—1953)

Sergey Sergeevich Prokofiev is one of the largest Russian composers of the 20th century, a pianist, conductor.
Born in the Donetsk region, since childhood he joined music. Prokofiev can be considered one of the few (if not the only) Russian musical "welders", since 5 years old was engaged in composing, at 9 years old wrote two operas (of course, these works are still immature, but show the desire for creating), I passed the exams at the age of 13 St. Petersburg Conservatory, among his teachers was. The beginning of a professional career caused a storm of criticism and misunderstanding of his individual fundamentally anti-grantic and extremely modernist style, the paradox is that the rushing of academic canons, the structure of his compositions remained correct and subsequently became the holding force of the modernist community skepticism. From the very beginning, Career Prokofiev performed a lot and toured. In 1918 he went to the international tour, including came to the USSR, finally returned to his homeland in 1936.
The country has changed and the "free" Creativity of Prokofiev has forced to give the realities of new requirements. The Talent of Prokofiev bloomed with a new force - he writes operas, ballets, music for movies - acute, volitional, extremely accurate music with new images and ideas, laid the foundation of Soviet classical music and opera. In 1948, there were almost three tragic events at the same time: on suspicion of espionage, his first wife-Spaniard was arrested and sent to the camp; The ruling of the Polyburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) in which Prokofiev, Shostakovich and others were attacked and accused of "formalism" and the dangers of their music; There was a sharp deterioration in the composition of the composer, he retired to the cottage and practically did not leave it, but continued to compose.
Some of the bright works of the Soviet period were the opera "War and Peace", "The Tale of the Real Man"; Ballets "Romeo and Juliet", "Cinderella", which became a new reference to world ballet music; "Guarding the world"; Music for the films "Alexander Nevsky" and "Ivan Grozny"; Symphony number 5,6,7; Piano works.
The work of Prokofiev is striking the versatility and breadth of the subject, the identity of his musical thinking, freshness and originality made up a whole epoch in the world musical culture of the 20th century and had a powerful impact on many Soviet and foreign composers.

Quote S.S.Prokofyeva:
"Can the artist stand aside from life? .. I adhere to the conviction that the composer, like the poet, whisk, the painter is designed to serve the person and people ... He, above all, must be a citizen in his art, to sing human life and lead man to the bright future ... "
"I am a manifestation of life that gives me the strength to resist everything underhong"

Quote about S.Prokofyev: "... all the verge of his music is beautiful. But there is one completely unusual thing here. We all apparently have any failures, doubts, just a bad mood. And at such moments Even if I do not play and do not listen to Prokofiev, but I just think about him, I get an incredible charge of energy, I feel a great desire to live, act "E.Kysin

An interesting fact: Prokofiev loved chess very much, and enriched the game with his ideas and achievements, among which they were invented by the "ninetyny" chess - 24x24 fields with nine sets of figures placed on it.

S.S.Prokofiev. Concert number 3 for piano with orchestra

10. Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich (1906 - 1975)

Dmitry Dmitrievich Shostakovich is one of the most significant and executable composers in the world, its influence on modern classical music is immeasurably. His creations are the true expressions of the inner human drama and the chronicle of the heavy events of the 20th century, where deeply personal intertwined with the tragedy of man and humanity, with the fate of the native country.
Born in St. Petersburg, the first music lessons received from the mother, graduated from the St. Petersburg conservatory, when he received her rector Alexander Glazunov, compared him with Mozart - so he struck all his excellent musical memory, a thin hearing and composer gift. Already at the beginning of the 20s, by the end of the conservatory, Shostakovich had a baggage of his own works and got into the very best composers of the country. The world glory came to Shostakovich after the victory in 1927.
Until a certain period, namely before the opera "Lady Macbeth Mtsensky County," Shostakovich worked as a free artist - "avant-gardeist", experimenting with styles and genres. The hard spread of this opera, arranged in 1936, and repressions of 1937 laid the beginning of the subsequent permanent inner struggle of Shostakovich for the desire to express their views with their means in the conditions of imposing areas of directions in art. In his life, politics and creativity are very closely intertwined, he was praised by power and she geimy, he held high positions and filmed from them, awarded and was on the verge of arrest himself and his loved ones.
Soft, intelligent, delicate man He found his form of expression of creative principles in symphony, where he could mostly speak the truth about time. Of the total creativity of Shostakovich in all genres of Symphony (15 works), they are central to the central place, the most dramatically saturated are 5,7,8,10,15 symphonies, which became the top of the Soviet symphonic music. A completely different Shostakovich opens in chamber music.
Despite the fact that Shostakovich himself was a "home" composer and practically did not leave abroad, his humanistic essentially and truly artistic music in the form of music quickly and widely spread in the world, was performed by the best conductors. The magnitude of the talent of Shostakovich is so immense that the complete comprehension of this unique phenomenon of world art is still ahead.

Quote D.D.Shostakovich: "This music is able to express only humane feelings, only advanced humane ideas."

D.Shostakovich. Symphony number 7 "Leningrad"

D.Shostakovich. Waltz number 2.

Emtext-Align: JustifyNBSP; title \u003d.

Many of us managed without a time machine to get out of the 20th century in the 21st. As they say, we live at the junction of two centuries. Therefore, leading a conversation about who are such modern composers and to which century to attract them, it is necessary to take it into account. Most recently, the 20th century was considered modernity. But when the 21st arrived, the previous century automatically became past.

Terminology

Before you begin a conversation about the stated topic, you should decide on the necessary terminology. First, what is classical music as such? Secondly, who are such modern composers? It will help to deal with the interesting opinion of Stephen Frya. His books on the history of classical music are so delightful that sometimes it is impossible to tear away from them. It is very clear and extremely clearly gives the definitions of questions.

Classical music. If we consider this term in the narrow sense of the word, it becomes clear that it refers to a fairly short period of classicism that prevailed from 1750 to 1830. In the broad sense of the classic call any serious music involving the availability of attention to listening to and some emotional efforts.

Modern composers. It is believed that classical music has passed the test of time. Accordingly, how can it be modern? Some methamaphosis just happened when we switched to the 21st century, leaving the 20th century. So it turned out that modern classic composers belong to the 20th century. How to be with classical music in the 21st century? Here we are just as it is in mind that it is used in the broad sense of the word - as a serious music that makes thinking and requiring some emotional efforts.

Great Russian composers of the 20th century. List

The list below is not built in chronological, but in alphabetical order. Of course, it can be highlighted from it and you can specify especially outstanding. But since all these personalities are the brightest representatives of their century, they can be safely called so - the great modern composers of the 20th century. Listed not just composers born at the turn of the 20th century. Their works during this period of time were already known, or their flourishing of creativity fell on the 20th century.

Foreign composers of the 20th century. List

Russian composers of the 21st century

It is impossible to attribute some of the creators of music to a certain century. After all, many works of modern composers have been published and deserved decent attention both in the 20th century and in 21. This is especially true of the now living composers who managed to become famous by their highly artistic creations in the past century and continue to compose music in the present. We are talking about Rodion Konstantinovich Shchedrine, Sofia Asgatovna of the Gubaidulina and others.

However, there are also little-known Russian composers of the 21st century, which created excellent compositions, but their names did not have time to become popular.

• Batagov Anton.
• Bakshi Alexander.
• Ekimovsky Victor.
• Panmans Paul.
• Korovitsyn Vladimir.
• Markel Paul.
• Martynov Vladimir.
• Pavlova Alla.
• Bakery Mark.
• Savalov Yuri.
• Savelyev Yuri.
• Sergeeva Tatiana.

This list can be significantly expanded.

About composers-contemporaries

Bakery Mark (r. 1940). He became famous for his ensemble of shock tools. The atmosphere at its concerts has a laugh, as the composer in the process of performing music (and in the interruptions) can successfully joke.

Martynov Vladimir (r. 1946) - composer-minimalist. It combines religiosity and "Advance". A modern Master of Serious Music is able to give a lot to minimal means.

Ekimovsky Victor (r. 1947). His program writings with bright names are drawn. It is "in (music is written for flutes and phonograms)," Siamese concert "(intended for two piano)," sublimation "(for a symphony orchestra)," 27 destruction "(for impact tools) and many others.

(r. 1951). In her works, the influence of music of A.Skiryababa is felt. Many flight, oscillations, fire. The second piano concert attracts the attention of the listeners with its dynamic development and a sudden final that transfers the listener in the Middle Ages, and then returns it back.

Pavlova Alla (r. 1952) - composer-emigrant. At the moment of time, lives in America. Her music is melodic and simultaneously sad and sad. She wrote six symphony in minor tonalities, which are entire tragedies.

As we see, the music of modern composers is diverse, amazing and attractive. Many of the creators love experiments, looking for new forms. Takov belongs to Baks Alexander (r. 1952). Among his works, the "unrequited call" is highlighted, written for violin, 6-7 mobile phones and string orchestra.

Markels Paul (r. 1967). One of his favorite directions is spiritual music. He wrote symphony for the orchestra, Sonata-Verlibra for piano, 20 bell symphony.

Children's modern composers

Bright representatives are Yuri Savalov, Vladimir Korovitsyn, Yuri Saveliev.

Yuri Savalov was a talented composer, an excellent teacher and a wonderful arrangers. Enthusiastically led the orchestra in DMSH. He was a good performer. Played on keyboards and wind instruments. Each of the nine of his piano plays has a subtitle: "Mom", "Recognition", "Wind Wanders", "Inspiration", "Ball in the Prince Castle", "Prelude", "March", "Waltz", "Lullaby". All of them are very interesting, dirty and beautiful.

Vladimir Korovitsyn was born in 1955. His creativity is music written in different romances, spiritual works written for choir, chamber and symphony orchestra. For children, he wrote a collection of children's songs called "Rejoice the Sun" and "Children's Album" for piano. Plays are an excellent replenishment of the repertoire of students. The names of the plays accurately reflect their character and mood: "Thumbelina", "Wooden shoes", "Variations a peasant with a harmonica", "Emelya on the stove goes", "sad princess", "girl dance".

Songs for children

Children's songs of modern composers are filled with optimism and cheerfulness. Despite the fact that some of them were created half a century ago, they remain not only relevant, but are fairly modern. V. Shainsky, I. Dunaevsky, D. Kabalevsky, Gladkov, are considered the most. Their funny and perky songs we listen with great pleasure, sing yourself and together with children.

Not everyone knows that it is G. Gladkov who belongs to the melodies from such popular films and cartoons, like a "red hat", "about Fedota-Sagittarius", "Children of Captain Granta", "by whining velin", "Plasticine Crow" and others.

Another legendary creator of modern songs for children - V. Shainsky. He has over three hundred. It is enough to listen to the "blue wagon", "Khrushka", "Chung-Changu", "Antoshka" and many others to understand how talented composer is.

So, modern composers are considered not only the now living or recently spent composers of the 21st century, but also masters of the 20th century. And those and others have created a divorce and variekterical music that deserves attention from listeners and musicologists.

The melodous singing of birds, a quiet whisper of trees and the roar of mountain streams accompanied the genus human from the beginning of time. People rose in the harmony of natural music and eventually began to musitize, imitating nature. The relay of the creation of musical works in the 18th century was adopted and achieved unprecedented heights in creating musical masterpieces.

The first began to appear with the development at the beginning of the 18th century Russian composer school. Describing this period, you do not have to talk about your own composer achievements, since most of its Russian composers imitated and copied the achievements of Western culture. So began the first stage of the formation of the national composer tradition. The representative of this period was Bortyansky, who copied the work of Vivaldi in his works.

In the first half of the 19th century, Glinka made an invaluable contribution to the development of the Russian composer school, for which, and is considered the first great Russian composer, who managed to introduce a Russian national tradition into the musical works. Russian melodies and intonation skillfully combined in his ingenious works with the modern composer destinations in Europe of the time. The biography of the Russian composer is worthy of being perpetuated in the centuries and studied all generations of the Russian people.

At the junction of the 19th and 20th centuries, the traditional Russian composer school was represented by Rakhmaninov, Stravinsky and many others. They picked up a Russian tradition and, as he likes a new generation, made their amendments to music art. Now the Russian melodies have not been expressed so clearly in works, but their spirit still cleared the compositions in compositions.

In times, symphonic music was affected by many objective factors. There was a tendency to complicate musical compositions with the simultaneous absorption of cultural traditions of other peoples. The well-known representatives of this era are Shchedrin, Denisov and Gavrilin.

Russian composers have enriched the cultural treasury of the country, giving us many ingenious musical works. The whole world is awesome listening to the composition of our compatriots to this day. These works and writing such masterpieces are of eternal life in the hearts of people.

Varlamov Alexander is a famous composer who created about 200 works for its 47 years of life.

He sent all his creative forces to writing romances and songs in which the soul of a Russian man fully reflected.

In his works, based on poems of Russian classics, he expresses the rebellious spirit that is placed in the lines of poetic poems.

Childhood

Alexander Egorovich was born in Moscow in November 1.5. (27) .1801. His father was a small official, and he took his origin to the Moldovan nobles. Already in the young years he showed interest in musical art. He could play hearing, not knowing a note letter, on a violin and on the guitar.

Gurilev Alexander - Great Russian Musician, whose lyrical romances persistently survived two centuries.

The music that flowed in his veins and affected paper is still striking with its sincerity and sensuality. Vocal works, written on the basis of poems of great Russian poets, express the National Spirit and the rich soul of the composer.

Childhood

The boy was born in Moscow in the family of a serf musician in 1803 22.08. (3.09.) Therefore, childhood years and adolescence proceeded in difficult conditions for hard life. Alexandra Father held the position of head of the Orchestra Count V. Orlov. So love for music originally originated in the soul of a little child.

When he went to the seventh year, his father fully engaged in the musical formation of his son.

Caesar Kui - a gifted composer who created his first musical work in adolescence.

In addition to shone in the cultural sphere, he introduced a considerable contribution to a military case. In both regions, he left his mark.

Childhood

The child was born in 1835 on January 6th on the territory of modern Vilnius. His father was French, he remained in Russia after in 1812 the remains of the Napoleonic troops in which he was listed, did not return to their homeland.

Alexander Borodin is a talented person. He is definitely talented in everything, left a deep mark in the Russian culture of the XIX century.

His prints can be found in completely different areas. Alexander participated in the scientific, political, pedagogical and cultural activities of the country. However, the whole world knows this man as a great composer.

early years

Alexander was born on November 12, 1833. His father was Prince Giediana. The boy was an extramarital child. Therefore, he was recorded under the surname of the serf, serving in their house - Borodin.

When the child turned 8 years old, his father died, giving him free to him. Alexander grew in a luxury house donated to Gedianan.

Anton Grigorievich Rubinstein - a global personality. Composer, conductor, teacher, pianist, public figure.

His stunning energy forced him to create, engage in charity, devote himself to musical and educational work.

Childhood

16 (28) .11.1829 Saw the world of the kid, whom Anton called Anton. The event occurred in a daunting Jewish family in the village of Podolskaya Province (now it is the Pridneprovskaya Moldavian Republic). When the child turned three years old, Rubinsteins arrived in Moscow.

The guy early began to show interest in music. He listened carefully when Musitsy Mom, and fanked the melodies liked.

Alexander Dargomyzhsky had a huge impact on the development of Russian musical art. Sitting for the piano, this man is completely transformed. He admired all his passion for music and a light game, although in everyday life he did not make a vivid impression on people.

Music - it is the area where he revealed his talent, and then gave the world great works.

Childhood

Alexander was born in the village of Troitskaya in 1813 2 / 14.02. His family was big, in addition to him there were five more children. Up to five years, small Sasha did not speak. His voice was late formed. For life, he remained high with his little hoarse, which was not considered a disadvantage, but helped him touch the hearts of listeners during singing.

Sergey Taneyev is a little-known classic of Russian music. Once his name was heard from the educated public in all the edges of the vast Russian Empire. Today, only historians of music and pupils of few music schools and schools called him in his honor are known about him.

Early years Taneyev Sergey

Sergey Ivanovich Taneyev was born in the provincial city on November 13, 1856. His father Ivan Ilyich belonged to the old noble child, who kept his story since the time of Ivan the Great. Parents since childhood trained Sergey game on piano, as was headed in many noble families. When the boy was ten years old, his parents moved to Moscow and gave the Son in just an open educational institution - a conservatory.

Childhood and youth

The future composer was born in the small town of Elz (now Lipetsk region) on May 28, 1913 in a merchant family. Tikhon was the youngest of ten children. Very early in the boy manifested the ability to music. At nine years he began to play the game on the piano. When Tikhon was eleven, he had a new teacher - the capital pianist Vladimir Agarkarkov.

After the Agarkov left Elets, Anna Vargunin was engaged in teaching young talent. At this time, Khrennikov began writing music. At fourteen, he went to Moscow to show his first work Agarkov. The teacher praised the gifted young man, but advised him to graduate with a nine-card school in his hometown and only after that thinking about his career in music.

A.P. Borodin knows as an outstanding composer, the author of the opera "Prince Igor", the symphonies "Bogatyr" and other musical works.

It is much less known as a scientist who has made an invaluable contribution to science in the field of organic chemistry.

Origin. early years

A.P. Borodin was the extramarital son of the 62-year-old Georgian Prince L. S. Genovenishvili and A.K. Antonova. It was born 31.10. (12.11) 1833.

He was recorded as the son of the fortress servants of Prince - spouses Porphyria Ionovich and Tatyana Grigorievna Borodiny. Thus, for eight years, the boy was listed in the house of the Father as a serf. But before his death (1840), the prince gave the liberty on his son, bought him and his mother Avdata Konstantinovna Antonova four-storey house, preliminarily issued her marriage for the Voignach Kleinek.

The boy, in order to avoid unnecessary rumors, represented the nephew of Avdoti Konstantinovna. Since the origin did not allow Alexander to study in the gymnasium, he studied at home to all the subjects of the gymnasic course, in addition, German and French, having received a wonderful home education.