Reasonable in the actions and arguments of Jourden. Moliere "Moishman in the nobility
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Lesson in 8 "b" class on the topic: reasonable or unreasonable? Teacher Zueva Lyudmila Vasilyevna.
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Jean Batist Moliere. Born on January 15, 1622 in Paris. French comedographer, actor, theater figure, reformer of scenic art. He served at the court of Louis XIV. Based on the traditions of the People's Theater and the achievement of classicism, created a genre of a socio-household comedy, in which Buffonada, humor combined with grace and artistry. Ridicifying the lengthy prejudices of the aristocrats, the limitations of the bourgeois, the Hubility of the Dobly, saw in them the perversion of human nature ("Funny chemmeters", "Misanthrop", "miser", "Scientists of women", "Moishman in the nobility" ,; "Mnimy patient"), with The hypocrisy was exposed to a special intransigence, creating an immortal image of Tartuf, - the comedy "Tartuf, or a deceiver."
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A family. Family of Poles (the real name of Moliere) belonged to the secured trading class: in 1631, Father Jean received a high official position of the royal covered. He gave an excellent education to his eldest son, who from 1636 to 1639 studied at the Jesuit Clermont College in Paris, where siblings of many noble families were brought up. Jean Batist knew a lot about the wobbly craft and joined the handicraft workshop, but the relatives intended him to a legal career: in 1641 he was admitted to the Bar Collegium.
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First steps on theatrical field. In about 1641, Jean Baptiste started dating in the actor's environment: Italian Mime Fiorilli, gave him several lessons of scenic skills, and the young actress Madelene Bezhar became his mistress. In 1643, he decided to finally associate his fate with the stage and concluded an agreement on the creation of the "Brilliant Theater" with Madelena Bezar. In the 17th century, the acting profession was considered "sub-hand", so no one spoke on stage under his own name. The pseudonym "Moliere" was first recorded in the document of January 28, 1644. In 1645, the future comediographer visited the prison twice due to debts, and the troupe had to leave the capital. The provincials on the provinces continued 12 years: the first plays of Moliere "Chalet, or all the nepouk" (1655), "Lovebell" (1656) belong to this period. Years of wanderings played a significant role in the life of the playwright: he became an excellent actor and director.
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Paris period: the first plays. In 1658, Troupe returned to Paris and arranged in the Louvre Presentation for Louis XIV, who was extremely liked the play of Moliere "In Love Dr.". The first success among the public dramatourg has gained a comedy "Funny Zhemmanegnitsa" in 1659, in which the goodness and pursuit of the manner ridiculed. In 1661, the only "right" play of Molire's "Don Garcia Navararsky" failed, but it turned out to be extremely successful productions of the "School of husbands" and "binding" in the Palais Royal Theater, where the Comedy Francesome is now located (known as the "Moliere House" ).
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The "School of Women" next year broke out "Pamphlet War" in connection with the submission of the "School of Wives": the sacnesses saw an attempt on the principles of Christian education in it. The play had a tremendous success: according to the contemporary, "everyone found her pitiful, and everyone was in a hurry to see her." This meant the origin of the "double taste" or "double standard" characteristic of France: either popularity, or accurate following "Rules". The Molver was put into wine a weak intrigue, which is indeed almost primitive. As in many other comedies of the Moliere, the junction here is attracted for the ears. However, the playwright was not interested at all the final (for Arnolf is almost tragic), but "universal" type: an elderly man, in love with a young girl and raised her to the joy to a young opponent.
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"Don Juan" and "Misanthrop". In 1665, another storm called "Don Juan": the enemies of the Moliere, not satisfied with the temporary ban, took everything possible to finally drive a play from theatrical layouts, and after 15 submissions, during the lifetime of the playwright, they had never more than 15. From a financial point of view turned out to be unsuccessful and delivered in 1666 "Misanthrop". This is one of the most "mysterious" and multivalued comedies of Moliere. Allest is an honest person who does not find his place in society. He loses a litigation, quarrels with a friend of Fillet, loses his beloved girl Selimen and proudly removes "in the desert" - away from the vicious light. The desire of Alzesta to disclose the true meaning of social conventions undoubtedly coincides with the position of the Moliere itself. At the same time, Alzest is shown not only as an idealist, but also as a mature man, who persistently unwilling to grow.
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Last years of life. The money difficulties forced the Moliere for one season (1667-68 years) to write five pieces: they include "marriage integrity" and "miser." In 1670, one of the most popular comedies of the Motorman in the Nobility playwright appeared, which is a cheerful farce with a plug-in Turkish ballet. Immedentified the play of the figure of Mr. De Zhurden - H stupid and very funny bourgeois, which was overwhelmed in his desire to become "his" in the circle of nobles. The scenic career of the playwright ended tragically. In February 1673, a "imaginary patient" was delivered, where Moliere, despite the long-time severe illness (most likely he had tuberculosis) performed a major role. At the fourth idea, he lost consciousness, and he had to take it home. He died on the night from 17 to February 18, did not have time to confess and renounce from the acting profession. The parish priest banned him to bury him on sanctified land: the widow turned for help to the king, and only then was allowed to produce religious burial.
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Creativity Moliere. The plays of Moliere kept on stage alone alone "Comedy Frances" more than 30 thousand ideas. The French Academy, who neglected the "comedian" during his lifetime, in 1769 announced a competition for "Praise Molver" and installed his bust. Moliere became a true creator of the genre of a classic comedy, where the collective hero is countless and immeasurable human erratologies, which sometimes go to magenia.
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The purpose of the lesson: show the vital position of ch. Hero of the comedy Mr. Jourden, understanding them the goal of his life on the example of the analysis of the I and II of the Comedy Action
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1.The view of 1-2 phenomena of an action How do these scenes prepare the appearance of Mr. Zhumden? What is the idea of \u200b\u200bthe moral view of Jourden we get? (He is innocent, and naive, and natural, but at the same time loves flattery and, most importantly, is going to be like a nobleman).
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Action II, phenomenon 1 Prove that Mr. Journey is a ignorant person who whatever wants to be like a noble Mr.
"Moorgeois Gentilhomme - letters, translation -" bourgeois-nobleman ", 1670). Mr. Jourden is one of the most funny characters of the Great Comedy. Fucking on it equally and actors of the play, and readers, and spectators. In fact, that can be absurd for others than the elderly trader, unexpectedly prevented in the secular severity and frantically striving to resemble the aristocrat. The thirst for "change of fate" is still strong in Jurvy, that, overcoming natural nodules and clumsiness, he learns the intricate "Pa" of fashionable dances, waving a sword, an indispensable noble attribute, and under the leadership of numerous teachers comprehends the selection of seduction of demanding representatives of secular society.
For once in the comedy Moliere, everything spins around the game. Jourden is not waiting to be born into the role of the treasured court, and others, for a few exception, "play out" the hero, pursuing his very mercantile goals. Even the husband of Mrs. Uzhden and her mysterious maid in the end, the "game" of Zhumden eventually understand that the "game" of Jourden is enough to send to the right direction so that no one has suffered from it. So, at the end of the play, with the help of rich households, Zhden's beloved daughter, which was uncompressed exclusively for the nobleman. And the Mamamushi and the "close Turkish Sultan" becomes the jurisdly as a result of the sly plan of the bridegroom. This is a quasitarian monster word, as it can not be better expressed by the monstrous clogs and inorganic claims of the new Velmazby. It is described specifically for jurored by naughty and enterprising young people, Clear and the Cove, who decided to get the daughter and the servant of the burst in his wife and the maid. The "Turkish ceremony", designed to "dedicate" to the nobility of Jourden, is the culmination of the comedy and "apotheosis" of the hero who felt herself in the process of parody ballet extramon by the "Muslim aristocrat".
The image of Jurden, however, more complicated than it may seem. Its relevant for the Social Poversion era does not prevent to see in comedy to continue serious thinking of Moliere about the game space of human existence, about the functions of the game that fills the life of society, about different hyperiality of gaming behavior and the "costs" of human gaming activity. This time the subject of the study turned out to be a game design of Caste DE VIE (lifestyle). The clumsy bourgeois jourred, trying on the etiquette standards of the nobility, finds himself in the play a peculiar mirror, reflecting and unreasonable, deprived of the creative spirit of the bourgeois manner to live, and excessively ornamented, the magic style of aristocratic behavior. The space of the comedy-ballet, in which household scenes, singing rooms and Tangs involved divertisters are adjacent, there is an expression of the genre uniqueness of "Promanin in the nobility". At the same time, the pantomime, the vocal choreographic patterns, framing effects, turn out to be the materialization of the dream of omnation about the aristocratic to be in the form of a solid elbow and halane.
The thematic complex of Jourden includes not only the motive of unfounded social complaints. Creating an illusory world of "high taste" and grace, Mr. Jourden, not only a new "from Indian fabric" with a bathrobe, a wig and a suit with "flower heads up". The key and the most famous phrase of Molieresky Trashman sounds like this: "... I did not suspect that for more than forty years I speak prose." The discovery made by Journery is outlined, of course, its illiteracy. But the uneducated, ridiculous, unbridled merchant, in contrast to his environment, it is capable of seeing suddenly the poverty of the lived life, devoid of a glimpse of poetry, mired in rude material interests. Thus, another theme of Jourdin becomes a touching and causing sympathy for the world of other values, manifested, however, with a multicolor in a parody key. In this sense, Jourden reveals a series of bourgeois images, recovery spiritualized sophistication of noble existence, images, among whom Madame Bovarie Flaubert , and Chekhov Lopahin.
Mr. Jourden in the play, at least three game Ipostasi. He acts as an actor, who has a winning role as a toy, who enjoyed him by Mania around others and as a catalyst for the game activity of young comedy characters. At the end of the play, the hero gets the desired (after all, its goal was always visibility); All participants and witnesses of the Turkish ceremony are satisfied.
The "Moorbanism" is also a play of illusions, the illusion and relativeness of many human establishments, such as caste "good tone rules" and "adopted" forms of life of society. And about the fact that the game is the last, and maybe the only way to give human existence creative energy, make the stratum of oblique matter to spread in the magic spaces of dreams. The image of Mr. Jourden, a merchant who lives in prosaic reality, but looking for poetry, confused and happy, bourgeois and nobleman - one of the bright manifestations of the insurmountability of the duality of being and one of the unconditional Moliere masterpieces. It is not surprising that the motives of the comedy became the basis of the dramatic fantasy M.A. Bulgakov "Polofan Journery", written in 1932 for the Studio Theater under the direction of Yu.A. Zavadsky.
The first representation of the comedy "Motorman in the nobility" took place in the chamber of the chamber on October 14, 1670. Then, in the same year, Zhurden in the theater Pale-Royal played Moliere himself. Among the outstanding performers of the role of Jourden Cocklen-senior (1903). In Russia, Jourden played: M.S. Shchepkin (1825), P.M. Sadovsky (1844), V.I. Looky (1864).
One of the main directions in the Moliere Comedy is the ridiculous bourgeois and criticism of the rapidly degraded aristocracy. So, in its work "Moishman in the nobility", he creates the image of the emancian of Jourden, who, by all means becoming a nobleman. This passion captures all the thoughts of the hero, becoming an intrusive idea and pushing it into funny, unreasonable deeds.
The plot of Moliere put a general trend, increasingly rooted in the Society of the XVII century. For this time, the division into the "courtyard" and "city" was characterized. And in the "city" constantly observed a burden of "yard". In order to come close as possible to those who separated them from the bourgeois origin, small bourgeois bought positions, land ownership, diligently (sometimes to absurd) mastered all the noble manners, tongue, the businesses, clothing style, and many other features of the life of the highest light. But, despite all the efforts of the bureau, the differences between them and the nobility remained significant. Moliere in his comedy sought to show the destructive power of the "yard" over the minds and actions of the bourgeoisie. And at the same time, his goal was to deprive the nobles of this power, expose, show their true low essence, the petty interests of their interests, hidden under the mask of nobility and sophistication, and therefore, emphasize the unreasonableness of the aspirations of the representatives of the meshness in everything to imitate the highest light. The harmful effect of such aspirations can most brightly trace on the form of the chief hero of the comedy.
Initially, the passion of Jourden is nobility - just innocent weakness. But, as the plot develops, it grows up, reaching the grandiose sizes, expressing in unthinkable, almost manic, actions and judgments. For the hero, the opportunity to approach the nobility is the only goal, the highest happiness. He tries to achieve maximum similarity with the representatives of the nobility, and his whole life goes to absolutely to imitate them. "I dress now, as it is dressed to know," he says brakes. In addition, Jourdin tries to emphasize his imaginary superiority in every way, to put it at the bottom of the city: "I want to walk around the city in a new suit, but just look, do not stand up one step, so that everyone has seen that you are my lackeys ..." gradually the idea to join Jurby is so capturing the secular society that he disappears any real idea of \u200b\u200bthe world and life. He completely loses its mind, harming his actions, first of all, to itself. In his passion, it comes to the perfect spiritual light, starting to be ashamed of his loved ones, his parents. It does not pay attention to real values, on true human feelings. His daughter Lucille all the soul loves Clert - a noble young man, honest, truthful, capable of sincere feelings, but not from a good kind. And Jourden demands that his son-in-law had no noble origin. This forces the Clert to go to the cunning - to give himself for the son of the Turkish Sultan. As the plot develops, we understand that the weakness of the hero surrounding is increasingly starting to use for mercenary purposes. He fools everything to whom it is profitable: music teachers, philosophy, dances robbed him, play out in everything, frankly flattened, seeking to evoke at his expense. Tailors and various apprentices are also deceived. The gullibility of the hero and his desire to enter the highest light enjoys and passable Draranste - a helenty graph that uses Jurden's mania for its own purposes, striving to be engaged at the expense of a robust and naive bourgeois.
In the times of which the author writes, the contrast between the nobility and the bourgeoisie appeared, first of all, at a high level of noble culture and the low level of development of the bourgeoisie. However, in his thirst for imitation, the hero does not see these obvious differences. He is not aware of how comical claims to the secular grace and gloss, culture and education, against the background of its rudeness, ignorance, vulgarity of the language and manner. He is so captured by his idea that, no doubtful, agrees to pass the ridiculous rite of dedication to Mamamushi. And, moreover, it is ready to actually believe in its transformation into a certain noble person.
Moliere made a lot of discoveries in the field of comedy. Always seeking truthfully to depict reality, he created in his works bright typical characters. That was his Mr. Jourden. Depicting the life and morals of the modern society, reflecting the specifics of social system, the author in such a kind of form expressed his protest, a decisive demand for social justice.
Comedy is not a simple genre. The creator of the classic comedy is considered to be Jean-Baptiste Plench, better known under the pseudonym Moliere. His works are witty and full of philosophical ideas. In his comedy, the "motion of the nobility" he raised one of the most pressing topics of the 17th century - an attempt to the small bourgeoisie to penetrate the world of aristocracy. For the sake of obtaining titles, they were ready to pay huge money, buy land and positions, master the nobility manners, and the main thing to start secular friends.
The protagonist of the comedy is the usual trainer Mr. Jourden, who has everything you need for happiness, except the title of nobleman. Despite the fact that he is not a nobleman neither by birth or in education, he, by all means striving to become a true aristocrat. For the sake of his insane dream, he is ready to spend whole conditions, hire teachers of logic, dancing, music, fencing, tailoring, hairdressers and other employees so that they make another person from him. He himself is rude and unexpected by nature, so teachers are not easy to teach him secular manners. However, in words, they promise to him any transformation.
Journese, without a minute without thinking, pays the whole army of fraudsters and believes that it will help in the fulfillment of his dreams. In turn, his tailor deceives him. He sews him ridiculous outfits, calling them secular, whereas the bureau himself and the concept has no idea that they actually wear in the world. From the remnants of the materials he sews clothes for himself. Many Jurden workers receive money only for praising his new bathrobe or a cap, listen to his farewell folk song and the uncertaintyly call him "your grace" or somehow. A graph of the Doontrant, albeit aristocratic blood, but not rich. He is friendly with Jourdin only because of the money and often takes his debt.