Why Love has no left after Bala. The story "After the Bala" why Ivan Vasilyevich sobbed Varnka and why did not go to serve in a military unit

The story "After Bala" is one of the later works of L. N. Tolstoy. In this work, L. N. Tolstoy reveals the contradictions of life and shows the strength of the experiences of a young man who collided with a harsh reality that destroyed his rainbow dreams.

The hero, on behalf of which the story is being conducted, - "all the Dear Ivan Vasilyevich", in the fate of which the case played a decisive role. Before the turning point, which happened in the fortieth year, Ivan Vasilyevich was "very cheerful and briskly small, and even rich," student of a provincial university that dreams of going to military service. He was young and led the life characteristic of his youth: he studied and having fun, and the main pleasure of his life at that time was evenings and balls.

The hero of the story, as it is necessarily the youth, was sincerely in love. The subject of his attachment was the adorable jam ..., "high, slim, graceful and majestic" with affectionate, always a cheerful smile. " During this "the strongest love for her", on the last day of Maslenitsa, Ivan Vasilyevich was on the Ball of the provincial leader. He danced with his jam and "without wine was drunk." He admired her high slender figure in a white dress with a pink belt, saw only "her shining, shy, face and affectionate, cute eyes." Love for Varenka "freed all hidden" in the soul of a young man "The ability of love." "I hugged the whole world with my love at that time," he says. "I loved the hostess ... and her husband, and her guests, and her Laces." To the father of Varnika, he was tested at that time "some enthusiastic and gentle feeling." It was a very beautiful, static, high and fresh old man, "Military chief of type of old servants of the Nikolaev sentence", with a ruddy face and the same affectionate joyful smile, like her daughter. When he invited Vamraka to dance, everyone around them looked at them with enthusiastic loss. And the narrator himself, "hugging the whole world with his love," only one was afraid, "so that something did not spoil" this happiness.

But the fate was pleased that his whole life be changed from one of this night, or rather, the next morning, when he witnessed the scene of the monstrous, inhuman in his cruelty of punishment first a runaway tatar, and then a soldier. Punishments who led the father of his beloved girl. This spectacle caused the spiritual crisis of the hero: "... There was almost physical out on the heart, reaching the nausea, such that I stayed several times, and it seemed to me that I was about to leave me all the horrors that entered me from this Spectacle. " He could not learn or understand, comprehend why all this "was done with such confidence and recognized everything necessary ... and not to know, could not go for military service, as he wanted before, and not only did not serve in the military, but Nowhere served ... ".

The love of the hero to Varnah from that day also went to the wage. "When she, as it often happened to her, with a smile on his face, wondered," Ivan Vasilyevich "Now I recalled the colonel on the square," and he became somehow embarrassing and unpleasant, he became more and less often with her. And love and sued there. Why such a reaction? After all, it was not a jam on the face of a soldier with his beautiful handle.

The story, most of which devoted to the image of the ball, is not accidentally called "after the Bala". In the center of the work - an event, which played a decisive role in the fate of Ivan Vasilyevich. Tolstoy very accurately built a composition of the story on the contrast of two episodes: the Bala at the provincial leader and punishment of the soldier. Anti-resistant to each other, these episodes are actually organically connected, as they develop a single artistic idea. We can easily imagine that without a scene torturing a soldier's picture of the ball, with its gracefulness, beautiful and fast PA, enthusiastic feelings and gentle white-pink paints would lose all meaning. And the scene of the execution would not seem to be a terrible student, and his despair was not so great if she had not been preceded by a scene of Mazurka on the ball.

By opposing these scenes, Tolstoy, as it were, disrupts a mask with an externally prosperous and elegant reality. And the more festive and luxurious imagined the world surrounding the young man at first, the more unexpected, it was tragic that his insight was trying on the other side.

The hero, facing the manifestation of evil in the world and the absolute (at least external) confidence of people participating in it in the correctness of the actions performed by them, realizes that the only possible elimination of evil for him in this situation. I am not free to change the world, defeat evil, but I and only I am waved to agree or disagree to participate in this evil - here is the logic of the argument of the hero. And Ivan Vasilyevich deliberately builds his way by evil, without participating in it and, as it were, proving all his life the thesis on the possibility and paragraph of personal, internal self-improvement. In this and the position of the very thick.

Option number 1314.

Select only one of the tasks proposed below (2.1-2.4). In the answer form, write down the number of the task you chosen, and then give a full detailed answer to the problematic question (in the amount of at least 150 words), attracting the necessary theoretical and literary knowledge, based on literary works, the position of the author and, if possible, reveal your own vision of the problem. When answering the question associated with the lyrics, it is necessary to analyze at least 2 poems (their number can be increased at your discretion).

2.2. What a symbolic sound for the whole novel have the words of Pugachev, facing Petrush Grinevo: "The award of you Lord for your virtue. The age will not forget your virtue "? (According to the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Captain's daughter".)

2.4. Why was the wreck of Love Ivan Vasilyevich to Varnik? What are the true causes of human life? (According to Prank L. N. Tolstoy "After Bala".)

2.5. What plots from the works of domestic and foreign literature are relevant for you and why? (Based on the analysis of one or two works.)

Explanation.

Commentary on writing

2.1. Do you agree with the opinion of the critic about the story "Princess Mary" (M. Yu. Lermontov "Hero of our time"): in it, "French principle and Russian end"? Justify your position.

Not only in Russian, but in the world literature Lermontov, one of the first mastered the ability to catch and depict the "mental process of thinking", as Chernyshevsky expressed in an article about the early peards and the stories of Lion Tolstoy. And if "the mental process itself, his shape, his laws, dialectics of the soul" were fully revealed by the means of fiction subsequently already thick, then with all the difference between Lermontov and Tolstoy Chernyshevsky, it was not by chance that the author of the author of the "Hero of Our Time" was called among the predecessors Which "this side of psychological analysis is more developed." Obviously, the tie of the chapter "Princess Mary" was made on the canons of the French novels of those years and the viewer awaits a certain ending, but the ending breaks out of this pattern. A non-standard hero, non-standard his attitude to what is happening, including love. Non-standard and junction: There is no happy reunion of lovers.

2.2. What a symbolic sound for the whole novel have the words of Pugachev, facing Petrush Grinevo: "The award of you Lord for your virtue. The age will not forget your virtue "? (according to the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Captain's daughter")

The history of the relationship between Greeneva and Pugachev is, first of all, the history of mercy. With mercy, this story begins, and ends. Recall the first meeting of Greeneva with Pugachev, when Grinevo orders to give Pugachev his holy Tulup. Savelich is amazed. And it's not just that Tulupe roads. The gift is meaningless. "Why doesn't your hare Tulup? He will drink it, a dog, in the first kabac. " Yes, this youthful Tulup does not climb on Pugachevsky "The Phalary Shoulder!" And Savelich Rights: Tulupe cracks on the seams, when Pugachev puts him on ... However, Pushkin writes: "The tramp was extremely pleased with my gift." It's not in Tulup the case ... Here I first flashed between an officer of the Grinemen and a quick Cossack Pugachev something else ... In gratitude Greeneva, not just gratitude. There is pity, mercy and ... respect. Respect for man and his dignity. And the man is cold. And the person should not be cold. Because he is the image of God. And we should not indifferently pass by a person who is cold, because it is blasphemy. All this felt Pugachev. Therefore, such a warm farewell to Grinevo: "Thank you for your wellness! Award you Lord for your virtue. The age will not forget your mercies! " And they started between the heroes of the relationship, where the highest and lowest one, where there is no Mr., nor a slave, where the enemies are brothers. What can be answered by mercy, in mercy? What to measure it? Only grace and mercy.

2.3. For what and how the Akaki Akakievich is punished in the story of N. V. Gogol "Shinel"?

Gogoleva Petersburg is a city affecting social contrasts. The city of workers-poor, victims of poverty and arbitrariness. Such a sacrifice is Akaki Akakievich Bashmachkin - the hero of the story "Shinel". Gogol characterizes Bashmachkina as a person poor, ordinary, minor and imperceptible. A brought up in the atmosphere of unquestioned subordination and execution of orders of the authorities, Akaki Akakievich was not used to reflecting on the content and meaning of his work. That is why when he is offered tasks requiring the manifestation of elementary intelligence, he begins to worry, worry and, in the end, comes to the conclusion: "No, better let me rewind something."

The spiritual life of Bashmachkina is as limited and one-sided, as well as external. The hero does not seek unprecedented luxury. He is just cold, and, and by rank, he must be in the Department in Sineli. The dream to sew a chinel on the cotton becomes for the hero like a great and almost impracticable task. In his system of world values, it has the same meaning as the desire of some "great person" to achieve world domination. In order to accumulate money to the new thing on the advice of the tailor, it saves: in the evenings does not light the candles, do not drink tea. But but "he fed spiritually, carrying his eternal idea of \u200b\u200bthe future over the idea of \u200b\u200bhis eternal idea," Gogol writes. Accumulation of money for the purchase of a new sheel becomes for Akakia Akakiyevich the purpose of life. But there should not be a person to be limited to such small interests. It can not live, satisfying only physiological needs. In this, there is the essence of the punishment of Bashmachkina - he is deprived of the only meaning of his life, because he died.

2.4. Why was the wreck of Love Ivan Vasilyevich to Varnik? What are the true causes of human life? (according to the story of L. N. Tolstoy "After Bala")

The hero-storyteller from the story of L. N. Tolstoy "After Bala" had to go through one terrible morning in his life, fully changed all his further life, his future. The hero admires his beloved on the ball, the world that surrounds him. Therefore, together with love for Vashnka, the hero loves her father, admires them. When he faces in this world with cruelty and injustice, all his feeling of harmony, the integrity of the world, and he prefers not to love in any way, which is partially loved. I am not free to change the world, defeat evil, but I and only I am waved to agree or disagree to participate in this evil - here is the logic of the argument of the hero. And Ivan Vasilyevich deliberately refuses his love.

In the story "After Bala" L.N. Tolstoy reveals one of the irregularities of the life of the Nikolaev Russia - the position of the Tsarist Soldier: the twenty-five-year-old service life, a meaningless Mushtra, full of privacy, conducting through the order as a punishment. However, the main problem in the story is related to the issues of moral: which forms a person - social conditions or case. The unit incident rapidly changes a separate life ("the whole life changed from one night, or rather," says the hero). In the center of the image in the story, the idea of \u200b\u200ba person who is capable of throwing the estate prejudices at once.

The basis of the conflict of this story is laid, on the one hand, in the image of the milkness of the colonel, on the other - in the disappointment of Ivan Vasilyevich.
Colonel was very beautiful, static, high and fresh old man. Affectionate, leisurely speech emphasized his aristocratic essence and caused even more admiration. Father Varnika was so mil and courtesy that he had to himself, including the main character of the story. After the ball in the scene, the soldier on the face of the colonel was not a single cute, good-natured feature. Ivan Vasilyevich cannot love just one person, he must certainly love the whole world, understand and take it entirely. Therefore, together with love for Vashnka, the hero loves her father, admires them. When he faces in this world with cruelty and injustice, all his feeling of harmony, the integrity of the world, and he prefers not to love in any way, which is partially loved. Ivan Vasilyevich deliberately refuses his love.

In the story ji.h. Thick all contrast, everything is shown on the principle of antitheasses: a description of the brilliant ball and terrible punishment on the field; The situation in the first and second parts; Graceful adorable jam and Tatar shape with his terrible, unnatural back; The father of Varnika on the ball, who caused Ivan Vasilyevich enthusiastic lunizing, and he is an evil, a formidable old man, requiring execution of orders.

Folklore traditions in poetry S.A. Yesenin. (For example, at least two poems of your choice)

Sergey Yesenin's poet gave us the folk life itself, People's Rus: "Ryazan fields, where men mowed, where they sowed their bread." From an early age he was surrounded by the world of songs, tales, legends and populatory images. Sergey grew at Grandma Agraphenes Pancratiane Yesenina, then in the house of Grandfather Titov. Grandma told the beloved grandson of the fairy tale, the grandfather often focused on folk songs. In folk tales, sayings, the riddles were laid for the young poet the inexhaustible wealth of images, plots, speech turns.
Folk creativity is based on songs. Similarly, the lyrics of Yesenin are folk songs, chastushki, editives:

Slans cutting, tanks, bubrels in Schlea are not an invoice. And how Garkna on a walk, all people run away. Guys will come out, girls will be released to praise the winter of the evening, nightpoints will not be cleaned until the morning.
In Yesenískaya lyrics, as if the second life was found gradually leaving and crowded folk songs, such loved by Russian people. Related words from early years, enthusiastic words are heard from an early age:
That you, Rus, my native, huts - in the riza of the image ...
Yesenin poems are so simple and melodious that they are not read as if they are not reading, and they themselves fold into the song: the side of my side, the side, burned the band. Forest only, yes embonoda. Yes Zarechni Spit ...
Love for folk traditions, to Russian folklore is inextricably linked with the moral ideals of the poet - love of the Motherland, to the common people, with the concept of honor, dignity, and debt.
And the image of the Russian village often becomes for the author by the embodiment of the present paradise on Earth. It should be noted that the Orthodox images in the Esenin lyrics are organically intertwined with the pagan Slavic mythology and folk basis. And this is quite natural, since the People's Lyrics herself - ritual chants, chastushki, lyrical songs - carried the imprint of this Slavic pagan mythology.

The tribute of the folk tradition in the Yesenin lyrics are analogies carried out between human life and nature, the transfer of the properties and the characteristics of the character of a person, signs of animals on the abstract concepts, the objects of the rustic life, the phenomena of nature:

The poetic syllable of many works of Yesenin as if borrowed from the old Russian chronicles: his fogs "smoke", "List Falls of the Hills", the silence "heats" in the heart, his beggar - "okay", "disease", girls "knit ... brazers up ".

Poet often uses the reaches characteristic of folklore: "Play, play, Talianochka ...", "Side of my, side", "edge You are my abandoned, the edge you are, a wasteland ...", I will look in the field, I will look in Sky ... "," Where are you, where are you, father's house ... ".

The commitment of folk traditions makes Sergei Yesenin in a truly popular poet, whose works were and remain close and clear millions of people of many generations.

What the "little man" appears in the works of A.P. Chekhov? (On the example of one of the works of your choice.)

The central theme of Czech's creativity is a protest against vulgarity, sortiers. It is she who sounds in the story "Ionch." This is a story about how a capable person in the conditions of provincial bourgeois-bourgeois occasion is becoming a stupid and greedy man. The hero, a young doctor Dmitry Ionchi Elders, at the beginning - the young man with ideals and the desire of something high. He is full of strength, energy, fascinated by work. He is interested in serious questions, literature, art. He can not tolerate society "Games, Alcoholics, Chipunov". Sometimes Dmitry Ionch is trying to express some of his thoughts. But his serious conversations about the progress, politics, science do not meet an understanding. The tale of Chekhov is trying to convince us that the person is worthy of the person name only if he fights against the influence of the Meshchansky stagnation if he opposes her human "I". The noble goal in life, the favorite work did not become the basis of the existence of Starteva. The desire for satiety and wealth turned out to be stronger. This is the reason for its moral fall. The reporter draws gradually the immersion of Starteva in "Tina little things". His interests and the horizons are catastrophically narrowed, the human person in front of the eyes decreases. He played with pleasure in the evenings in the card, and coming home, greedily considers money. For four years he lost all his former superiority over the Meshchansky average. Making sure in his mediocre abilities, the cat offers Dmitry Ionchu to marry, but he too lazy spiritually and morally to love and have a family. He is no longer a sorry for youth, love, unfulfilled hopes. "And it's good that I didn't marry then," he thinks. In the story of "Ionch" as if the voice of Chekhov sounds, calling not to succumb to the destructive influence of the environment, to develop in itself the power of resistance to circumstances, take care of a person, be afraid of fire, storage, not to betray the bright ideals of youth, do not betray love. What features of the image of nature in lyrics SA Yesenin? (For example, at least two works of your choice.)

S. A. Yesenin is rightly recognized as one of the best masters of landscape lyrics. The poet poems attract the reader with their freshness, genuine sincerity, wealth of feelings, moral health and life.

In ordinary and non-zeanous native landscapes, Ryazan poet managed to discover such a unique charm, so many new and consonant in every simple man of feelings as the century later, all new and new generations of readers with an excess appeal to his work.

The nature of the native edge of Yesenin knows excellently, in his dearth drawing puts the soul of a real patriot:

The edge of the beloved!

Heart shot

Sun skirds in the waters of the Lona.

I would like to get lost

In the green of your storage.

The pictures of their native nature are alive and emotionally perceived: they are festively elegant, the raised, romantically painted mood dominates here. Native nature comes to life in verses of Yesenin, birch and maples, evenings and dawns, huts and fields - everything is happy and sad in humans. The poet is spiritually angry with these simple and familiar phenomenon from childhood, empowers his feelings, mood. Golden stars with him dorms, "It will be forced the light on the river and rusticity of the nettle grid," sleepy birchings are smiling, raising silk braids.

All the riches of the nature of Russia are organically included in the poetry of Yesenin - driving native spaces, wild smells, paints and sounds, joyful spring, pensive autumn, cruel winter. In front of our eyes, magic transformations occur: winter baubles shaggy forest; Playful sparrows, as if lonely kids, hungry, tired, squeeze meal. They, like people, shot colored dreams: "In the smiles of the Sun, a clear beauty of spring." Autumn is not just autumn, but a red-haired mare, combing mane. Her attacks are heard over the river cover of the coast. Moon, stars, evenings and dawns come to life:

Foam grew dawn mist,

As if the departure of the eyes of unborn.

Pribrate spring, like a wanderer,

With the hatch in the barestine laps.

In the landscape lyrics of Yesenin appear complex, unusually colorful and unusual images. Allegorical meaning of these images is transparent, this symbolism relies on a realistic, mainly folklore base: "The wind feels on the plains - red gentle flicen"; "Blue will dorm, then sighs. Forest anea has a psaltry psaltry "; "Izba old woman by the jaw threshold chews the odorious mealkash silence"; "Kudryavyy lamb - a month walks in blue grass."

Eshenin's poetry is the anthem of Russia, the native Ryazan expanses, where, "rejoicing and tormented", still lives as anywhere, abolished

Option 1

Block 1. (a). Task with a choice of response.

A1. Years of the life of N.M.Karamzin:

a) 1799 - 1837;

b) 1766 - 1826;

c) 1828 - 1910.

A2. What is the epigraph preceded by the work of A.S. Pushkin "Captain's daughter"?

a) tasty, taste little honey, and CE AZ die;

b) on the mirror Necha, beating, if Rizzh Kriva;

c) take care of honor.

A3. In the work of N.V.Gogol "Auditor" by the main character, punishing the vices and approving positive ideals, is:

a) the auditor;

b) Gingerbread;

A4. Khlestakovshchina is:

a) the desire to issue itself for the person more important and meaningful than this is in fact, no baffling;

b) the desire is fashionable to dress;

c) chase of the ranks.

A5. What ended by the love of Ivan Vasilyevich to Varenka in the story of L.N. Tolstoy "After Bala"?

a) wedding;

b) love and sued no;

c) divorce.

A6. What did Petrusha Greenoive Green (Pugacheva)?

a) last year's magazine;

b) cane;

c) Hare Tulup.

A7. Which literary direction can include the work of M.Yu.Lermontov "MTSI"?

a) romanticism;

b) realism;

c) Classicism.

A8. Determine the genre of the work of M.Yu.Lermontova "MTSYRY":

a) ballad;

b) Elegy;

c) Poem confession.

A9. The topic of the work is:

a) the main idea;

b) reflection object;

c) composition.

A10. The composition of the work is:

b) tie and junction;

c) Sequence of parts and elements of the work.

A11. The tragedy as a genre is:

a) a dramatic work, ridiculous features or public vices;

b) a dramatic work, which is based on the tragic conflict, leading to disastrous consequences;

c) a play with an acute conflict that allows you to safely resolve it.

A12. Sampled language:

a) culmination;

b) epithet;

A13. What a means of expressive uses M.Yu.Lermonts in lines: "And the cloud behind the cloud, // leaving the secret of their night, // to the east directed the run"?

a) comparison;

b) personification;

c) metonimia.

A14. What a means of expressive uses M.Yu.Lermonts in lines: "... longing // again my chest snapped again"?

a) comparison;

b) epithet;

c) metaphor.

A15. What a means of expressive uses Osip in his monologue ("Auditor" N.V. Gogol): "... and in the belly of the crackle such, as if a whole regiment was soaked in pipes"?

a) comparison;

b) epithet;

c) litt.

Block 2. (b) Task with a brief answer.

B1. Specify the hero of the work of A.S. Pushkin "Captain's daughter" on this passage: "... I lived a baking sheet, chasing the pigeons and playing in the leaf with the courtyard boys. Meanwhile, I will be 16 years old. Here my fate changed. "

B2. What is the hero of the work of M.Yu.Lermontov belong to these words:

"You listen to my confession

This came here, thank you.

Everything is better in front of someone

Words to facilitate breasts,

But I did not make evil ... "?

B3. What is the hero of the work of N.V.Gogol "The Auditor" belong to these words: "I seemed to predicate: today I had some two unusual rats all night. The right, such as I never understood: black, unnatural magnitude! "?

B4. To whom is the monologue of MTSI?

B5. What kind of beast came to the fight of the MTSI?

B6. Specify the year of birth A.S. Pushkin.

B7. Determine the poetic size of the following poems lines belonging to Peru A.A. Blak:

"The river is spread. Flows, sad lazily

And the shore washes ... ".

B8. Write the name of the Empress, who contributes to the happiness of Peter Andreevich and Marya Ivanovna ("Captain's daughter" A.S. Pushkin).

B9. What a trail uses M.Yu.Lermonts in the next poetic line: "From these sweet names "?

B10. What a trail uses S.A. Jenin in the next poetic line: "Become to the Finalwers of Russia, as shadow Tamerlane »?