In the genre-thematic plan - this is a lyric and philosophical meditation, a "road diary", with a weakened story. Acting persons of the poem - an immense Soviet country, her people, the rapid turn of their affairs and accomplishments. The text of the poem contains the humorous recognition of the author - the passenger of the train "Moscow-Vladivostok". Three gave the artist: the neonyost of geographic expanses of Russia; Historical distance as the continuity of generations and awareness of the inseparable communication of times and destinies, finally, the bottomlessness of the moral stoves of the soul of the lyrical hero.

The poem "By the right of memory" mentioned initially the author as one of the "additional" chapters to the poem "For a distance - Dal", acquired an independent character during the work. Although "the right of memory" does not have in the subtitle of the genre designation, and the poet himself, the faithful concepts of literary modesty, called sometimes this works by the poetic "cycle", it is quite obvious that this is a lyrical poem, the last major work of the author "Vasily Terkina". It was completed and the poet himself was prepared for pressing two years before his death. In the entry, Tvardovsky declares that these are frank lines, confession of the soul: In front of the face who left, you may not have the right to crush the soul, - after all, these were paid by our suture fee ... The poem compositionally disintegrates into three parts. In the first part of the poet with a warm feeling, Ironically remembers his youthful dreams and plans. And where, to whom of us will have, in which year, in what edge behind the roushina, the hoarse youth to hear his youth. These dreams are clean and high: to live and work for the benefit of the Motherland. And if you need, then your life is given for it. Beautiful youthful dreams. The poet with a light bitterness recalls that naive time and units, who could not think how much grave and harsh tests preparing them fate: We were ready for the campaign that it could be easier: to love the native land mother, so that it is in the fire and in the water . And if it is a life to give up ... only add from myself now. What is easier - yes. But what's hard? The second chapter "The Son for Father does not answer" the most tragic and in the poem, and in all creativity. The illegally decomposed family of Tvardovsky was exiled to Siberia. In Russia, only Alexander Trifonovich remained due to the fact that he lived separately from the family in Smolensk. He could not alleviate the fate. In fact, he refused family. This is tormenting the poet all his life. This unwinding wound of Tvardovsky resulted in the poem "By the right of memory". The end of your Lychim adversity, hold on Bodray, do not hide faces. Thank father of nations. What he forgave your father. A difficult time in which philosophers cannot figure out that fifty years later. And what to talk about the young man, holy vernant in official propaganda and ideology. The duality of the situation was reflected in the poem. Yes, he knew how to reservations, suddenly - as he was punishing - any of his miscalculations to move to someone's account: on whose enemy distortion of what he expressed the covenant. On someone's dizziness from the predicted victories. The poet seeks to comprehend the course of history. To understand what was the wines of the repressed peoples. Who made such a state of affairs when one solved the fate of the peoples. And everyone was guilty to him already in the fact that they were alive. In the third chapter of the Poem Tvardovsky approves the right of a person for memory. We are not entitled to forget anything. While we remember, "alive" our ancestors, their affairs and feats. Memory is the privilege of a person, and he cannot voluntarily refuse God's gift to someone anyone. The poet claims: who hides the past jealous, he is hardly with the future in Lada ... This poem is a peculiar repentance of the Tvardovsky for his youthful deeds, mistakes. We all make mistakes in youth, sometimes fatal, but it does not give rise to the poems. In a large poet, even grief and tears are poured into ingenious poems. And you, that now, knocking back to the former grace, so you call Stalin - he was God - he can get up.

To the question Alexander Tvardovsky. By right of memory. "The main meaning and value of the work for the period in which it was written" as the author EOMAN Shestakov The best answer is In the genre-thematic plan - this is a lyric philosophical meditation,
"Road Diary", with a weakened story.
The active persons of the poem is a single Soviet country, its people, the rapid turn of their affairs and accomplishments.
The poem text contains the humorous recognition of the author - the passenger of the train "Moscow - Vladivostok". Three gave the artist: the neonyost of geographic expanses of Russia; Historical distance as the continuity of generations and awareness of the inseparable communication of times and destinies, finally, the bottomlessness of the moral stoves of the soul of the lyrical hero.
The poem "By the right of memory" mentioned initially the author as one of the "additional" chapters to the poem "For a distance - Dal", acquired an independent character during the work. Although "the right of memory" does not have in the subtitle of the genre designation, and the poet himself, the faithful concepts of literary modesty, called sometimes this works by the poetic "cycle", it is quite obvious that this is a lyrical poem, the last major work of the author "Vasily Terkina". It was completed and the poet himself was prepared for pressing two years before his death. In the entry, Tvardovsky declares that these are frank lines, confession of the soul:
In the face of the left
Do not have the right to criticize the soul, -
After all, these were paid
We pay the sickness big ...
The poem compositionally disintegrates into three parts.
In the first part of the poet with a warm feeling, Ironically remembers its
youth dreams and plans.
And where, who will have to
In which year, in what edge
For the cock with that hoarse
Head your youth.
These dreams are clean and high: to live and work for the benefit of the Motherland. And if you need
that and the life of your own for her. Beautiful youthful dreams.
The poet with light bitterness recalls that naive time and units, who could not think how much grave and harsh tests prepares fate of them:
We were ready for a campaign
What is easier can be:
Love native land mother
So for it in the fire and into the water.
And if - then life to give ...
Only from myself now add.
What is easier - yes. But what's hard?
The second chapter "The Son for Father does not answer" the most tragic and in the poem, and in all creativity. The illegally decomposed family of Tvardovsky was exiled to Siberia.
In Russia, only Alexander Trifonovich remained due to the fact that he lived separately from the family
in Smolensk. He could not alleviate the fate. In fact, he refused family. This is tormenting the poet all his life. This unwinding wound of Tvardovsky resulted in the poem "By the right of memory".
The end of your Lychim adversities,
Hold on Bodraya, do not hide faces.
Thank father of nations. What he forgave your father.
A difficult time in which philosophers cannot figure out that fifty years later. And what to talk about the young man, holy vernant in official propaganda and ideology. The duality of the situation was reflected in the poem.
Yes, he knew how to reservations,
Suddenly - how much is punished -
Any of his miscalculations
To transfer to someone's account:
On someone's enemy distortion
What made the covenant
. On someone's dizziness
From them predicted victories.
The poet seeks to comprehend the course of history. To understand what was the wines of the repressed peoples. Who made such a state of affairs when one solved the fate of the peoples.
And everyone was guilty to him already in the fact that they were alive.
In the third chapter of the Poem Tvardovsky approves the right of a person for memory.
We are not entitled to forget anything. While we remember, "alive" our ancestors, their affairs and feats. Memory is a person's privilege, and he cannot voluntarily refuse
from God's gift to someone.
The poet claims:
Who hides the past jealous
That is unlikely with the future in Lada ...
This poem is a windy repentance of the Tvardovsky for his youthful deeds, mistakes. We all make mistakes in youth, sometimes fatal, but it does not give rise to the poems. In a large poet, even grief and tears are poured into ingenious poems.
And you, that now strive
Return former grace
So you are Stalin call
He was God -
He can get up.

By right of memory
A. T. Tvardovsky

By right of memory

In the genre-thematic plan - this is a lyric and philosophical meditation, a "road diary", with a weakened story. Acting persons of the poem - an immense Soviet country, her people, the rapid turn of their affairs and accomplishments. The text of the poem contains the humorous recognition of the author - the passenger of the train "Moscow-Vladivostok". Three gave the artist: the neonyost of geographic expanses of Russia; Historical distance as the continuity of generations and awareness of the inseparable communication of times and destinies, finally, the bottomlessness of the moral stoves of the soul of the lyrical hero.

The poem "By the right of memory" mentioned initially the author as one of the "additional" chapters to the poem "For a distance - Dal", acquired an independent character during the work. Although "on the right of memory" does not have in the subtitle of the genre designation, and the poet himself, the faithful concepts of literary modesty, called sometimes this is a poetic "cycle", it is quite obvious that this is a lyrical poem, the last major work of the author of Vasily Terkina. It was completed and the poet himself was prepared for pressing two years before his death.

In the entry, Tvardovsky declares that these are frank lines, confession of the soul:

In the face of the left

Do not have the right to criticize the soul, -

After all, these were paid

We pay the sickness big ...

The poem compositionally disintegrates into three parts. In the first part of the poet with a warm feeling, Ironically remembers his youthful dreams and plans.

And where, who will have to

In which year, in what edge

For the cock with that hoarse

Head your youth.

These dreams are clean and high: to live and work for the benefit of the Motherland. And if you need, then your life is given for it. Beautiful youthful dreams. The poet with light bitterness recalls that naive time and units, who could not think how much grave and harsh tests prepares fate of them:

We were ready for a campaign

What is easier can be:

Love native land mother

So for it in the fire and into the water.

That's life to give ...

Only from myself now add.

What is easier - yes.

But what's hard?

The second chapter "The Son for Father does not answer" the most tragic and in the poem, and in all creativity. The illegally decomposed family of Tvardovsky was exiled to Siberia. In Russia, only Alexander Trifonovich remained due to the fact that he lived separately from the family in Smolensk. He could not alleviate the fate. In fact, he refused family. This is tormenting the poet all his life. This unwinding wound of Tvardovsky resulted in the poem "By the right of memory".

The end of your Lychim adversities,

Hold on Bodraya, do not hide faces.

Thank father of nations.

What he forgave your father.

A difficult time in which philosophers cannot figure out that fifty years later. And what to talk about the young man, holy vernant in official propaganda and ideology. The duality of the situation was reflected in the poem.

Yes, he knew how to reservations,

Suddenly - how much is punished -

Any of his miscalculations

To transfer to someone's account:

On someone's enemy distortion

On someone's dizziness

From them predicted victories.

The poet seeks to comprehend the course of history. To understand what was the wines of the repressed peoples. Who made such a state of affairs when one solved the fate of the peoples. And everyone was guilty to him already in the fact that they were alive.

In the third chapter of the Poem Tvardovsky approves the right of a person for memory. We are not entitled to forget anything. While we remember, "alive" our ancestors, their affairs and feats. Memory is the privilege of a person, and he cannot voluntarily refuse God's gift to someone anyone. The poet claims:

Who hides the past jealous

That is unlikely with the future in Lada ...

This poem is a peculiar repentance of the Tvardovsky for his youthful deeds, mistakes. We all make mistakes in youth, sometimes fatal, but it does not give rise to the poems. In a large poet, even grief and tears are poured into ingenious poems.

And you, that now strive

Return former grace

So you are Stalin call -

He was God -

A. T. Tvardovsky
By right of memory

In the genre-thematic plan - this is a lyric and philosophical meditation, a "road diary", with a weakened story. Acting persons of the poem - an immense Soviet country, her people, the rapid turn of their affairs and accomplishments. The text of the poem contains the humorous recognition of the author - the passenger of the train "Moscow-Vladivostok". Three gave the artist: the neonyost of geographic expanses of Russia; Historical distance as the continuity of generations and awareness of the inseparable communication of times and destinies, finally, the bottomlessness of the moral stoves of the soul of the lyrical hero.

The poem "By the right of memory" mentioned initially the author as one of the "additional" chapters to the poem "For a distance - Dal", acquired an independent character during the work. Although "the right of memory" does not have in the subtitle of the genre designation, and the poet himself, the faithful concepts of literary modesty, called sometimes this works by the poetic "cycle", it is quite obvious that this is a lyrical poem, the last major work of the author "Vasily Terkina". It was completed and the poet himself was prepared for pressing two years before his death.

In the entry, Tvardovsky declares that these are frank lines, confession of the soul:

In the face of the left
Do not have the right to criticize the soul, -
After all, these were paid
We pay the sickness big ...

The poem compositionally disintegrates into three parts. In the first part of the poet with a warm feeling, Ironically remembers his youthful dreams and plans.

And where, who will have to
In which year, in what edge
For the cock with that hoarse
Head your youth.

These dreams are clean and high: to live and work for the benefit of the Motherland. And if you need, then your life is given for it. Beautiful youthful dreams. The poet with light bitterness recalls that naive time and units, who could not think how much grave and harsh tests prepares fate of them:

We were ready for a campaign
What is easier can be:
Love native land mother
So for it in the fire and into the water.
What if -
That's life to give ...
Only from myself now add.
What is easier - yes.
But what's hard?

The second chapter "The Son for Father does not answer" the most tragic and in the poem, and in all creativity. The illegally decomposed family of Tvardovsky was exiled to Siberia. In Russia, only Alexander Trifonovich remained due to the fact that he lived separately from the family in Smolensk. He could not alleviate the fate. In fact, he refused family. This is tormenting the poet all his life. This unwinding wound of Tvardovsky resulted in the poem "By the right of memory".

The end of your Lychim adversities,
Hold on Bodraya, do not hide faces.
Thank father of nations.
What he forgave your father.

A difficult time in which philosophers cannot figure out that fifty years later. And what to talk about the young man, holy vernant in official propaganda and ideology. The duality of the situation was reflected in the poem.

Yes, he knew how to reservations,
Suddenly - how much is punished -
Any of his miscalculations
To transfer to someone's account:
On someone's enemy distortion
What made the covenant.
On someone's dizziness
From them predicted victories.

The poet seeks to comprehend the course of history. To understand what was the wines of the repressed peoples. Who made such a state of affairs when one solved the fate of the peoples. And everyone was guilty to him already in the fact that they were alive.

In the third chapter of the Poem Tvardovsky approves the right of a person for memory. We are not entitled to forget anything. While we remember, "alive" our ancestors, their affairs and feats. Memory is the privilege of a person, and he cannot voluntarily refuse God's gift to someone anyone. The poet claims:

Who hides the past jealous
That is unlikely with the future in Lada ...

This poem is a peculiar repentance of the Tvardovsky for his youthful deeds, mistakes. We all make mistakes in youth, sometimes fatal, but it does not give rise to the poems. In a large poet, even grief and tears are poured into ingenious poems.

And you, that now strive
Return former grace
So you are Stalin call -
He was God -
He can get up.

Russian Writers of the twentieth century from Bunin to Shukshina: Tutorial of Bykov Olga Petrovna

The history of the establishment of the poem "by the right of memory". Her ideological content

In 1987, in the journal "Banner" (No. 2), and then in the "New World" (No. 3), a lyrical poem A. Tvardovsky "On the right of memory" was published. In the preface to publication, Maria Illarionna Tvardovskaya briefly outlined the creative history of the work. The poet worked on the poem during 1963 - 1969; Included in it published in the "New World" (1969, No. 1) a fragment "On the Senovale" ("Before Departure"). At first, he was preparing written as the new chapters of the poem "For a distance - Dal", but then refused to have such an intention, established in the thoughts to leave it with an independent work. In the "New World", together with the publication, a photo of the first page of the manuscript of the poem, prepared for printing in 1970, was placed in 1970, why "on the right of memory" was not published - there is not said. Obviously, it is implied that simply at that time she could not be published.

In the "Literary Gazette" of March 4, 1987, Evgeny Sidorov said that in the spring of 1969, in the edition of the "Youth", the Twardovsky read the poem, that is, it was prepared for printing at the end of the 60s. "I remember," Sidorov writes, "as he struck him (I can't pick up a different word) Naivety: he, apparently, was still hoping to print this text ... And most likely, he just wanted more people close to literature, knew I do not care about this most dressed work. "

"On the right of memory" is written in the form of lyrical confession. What the poet writes about, is very personal, it's blood concerns his own destiny. None of the former works of Tvardovsky was so directly related to his biography. "According to the right of memory" - in a much greater degree, the work is personal than the lyrical poem "for far-distance". There are no plot narrative chapters, epic pictures, here "age lessons" - the results of perennial pondays, mental torments. The poet obviously feels: the forces are declining, and the most intimate, so he writes the work of a confessional nature, building it in the form of a lyrical monologue. At the same time, like every big poet, lyrical in this poem goes beyond the scope of purely personal, affects the problems of a nationwide nature. Already the first sketches of the poem, in which the design of the work was written, Tvardovsky accompanied such a record: "I felt the approach of the poetic topic, what was not said and what I, and therefore, not only to me, you need to express. This is a living, the necessary thought of my life (and where, as not just mine!). "

Yes, "on the right of memory" really has a broad summary value. In the program entry, the author claims that the poem is facing "to all, with whom on the road, alive and fallen," he swars on the truth, writes that the debt to fear forces him to speak extremely honestly, sincerely:

To the word was double control:

Where, maybe you will rarely

So they will interrupt me:

- Allow me.

In the face of those who have gone

Do not have the right to criticize the soul, -

After all, these were paid

We pay the sickness big ...

The theme of the poem "By the right of memory" is for the first time in our literature, a conscious Trending tragedy of the beggars of the collectivization period, which has become a source of suffering from millions of people. The poet protests against the taboo installed in those years on this topic, against oblivion, and even more conscious silence of historical truth. He writes: "It is not true to us at a loss":

Forget, forget to be silent silent,

Want to drown in oblivion

Live being. And to waves

Over her closed. Used - Forget!

Forget relatives and close faces

And so many goals of the godfather ...

Tvardovsky takes the floor to the right of memory: in the younger years he witnessed this tragedy, she painfully touched his father, brothers, became his personal pain of spiritual:

No, all the pastundiles

To domal now debt orders.

Inquisitive daughter-komsomol

Looks to their chord;

Tolkui, why and whose care

The article was closed attributed

Exempted century

Unkought the memory of the case ...

The poet is in mind the most exciting episodes of his life and the dramatic history of the fate of the Father, which was typical for a significant part of the peasantry of the late 20s - early 30s. Nearby are the most expensive memories - a farewell with youth (chapter "Before Departure") and the most bitter and painful - meetings with cruel injustice (the head of the Son for the Father does not answer "). The first chapter is lit by rays of serene happiness: before you go from youth to an adult world of great hopes, friends spend the night in a haymaker, trying to formulate their life principles, determine the goals:

We were ready for a campaign.

What is easier can be:

Do not lie.

Do not brush.

True to be the people.

Love native land mother

So for it in the fire and into the water.

I'll give life.

Honestly and clearly formulated the moral principles of youth; At dawn, rustic cocks were noticed about the outgoing summer: "They seemed to refuse / end the guys of our days." A lyrical and somewhat even sentimental confession of youth, which was "life ago", and breaks the hard, performed bitterness and grief monologue about the fate of the unfairly degraded worker-father, experiences of the Son, who became called "Kulatsky Son". In this chapter, the Poem Twardovsky reappears the peaks of his dating, he managed "a dumb pain in the word to go out," she was written by blood hearts, the whole is shock. Rows of merciless truth about the cult of Stalin, about the broken fate and broken souls, the torments of the "guilty without guilt" produce a huge impression. It was a truly new word in poetry. Conquer the civil and ideological and artistic position of the poet. The author of the poem "By the right of memory" was at the level of democracy and publicity, which will be conquered by literature only two decades later, aware of his high responsibility to society. With a lot of force, the tragedy of the worker, a patriot, an evil will of the "fate of the earth of the earth" classified to the category of "Kulakov", "enemies of the people". The poet recalls the hands of the Father:

In nodes from lived and tendons,

In the Moslah permitted fingers -

Those that - with a sigh - as strangers,

Sitting to the table, he put on the table.

...................................................

Those hands that will be his will

Neither break nor squeeze into a fist:

Separate no corns -

Solid.

Genuine - fist!

The fate of children, who all their lives were doomed to fill out an ominous graph and "be at hand always - in case / lack of class enemies". The Stalinist formula "Son for the Father does not respond" turned out to be false:

Five short words ...

But year from year

No, those words went on.

And title son enemy people

Already with them entered the right.

And for one feature of the law

Already equal to all the fate:

Son Kulka Ile Son Commissar,

Son commander Ile Pop ...

Stigma from birth celebrated

Baby of enemy blood.

And everything seemed not enough

Country of branded sons.

The facts of the biography of A. Tvardovsky testify that he wrote a poet about it "not at the time, not from the book", namely, "according to the right of memory" is his personal pain.

Why is a relatively small poem "on the right of memory" was created for so long - from 1963 to 1969 - and with long interruptions? Maria Illarionna Tvardovskaya explains this by the fact that in connection with the death of the mother in 1965 he postponed the poem and wrote a cycle of poems devoted to the memory of the mother. It seems that the long breaks are caused by the fact that there was serious obstacles on the work of the poet's work, and serious obstacles arose. His letters of these years indicate that he literally could not work as a poet - he gave all the time to "New World". According to him, "Tsunami swept over the magazine, he still managed to fight back, write explanatory notes. The poet postponed the work on the poem, as it seems to us, because it became more and more obvious: there are few chances for its publication.

And here the poem "spoke." The huge charge of renewal, hatred against the anti-democratic nature of the cult of personality, concluded in the poem "By the right of memory", made up our contemporaries. The work came to us as an active participant in the public restructuring and literary recovery, immediately included in literary life. At the plenum of the board of the Union of Writers of the USSR (April 1987), V. Karpov, touched upon the problems of modern poetry and noting that she was not enough for Kamerton - "the only, incomparable voice, which, no matter how to give others, does not allow the rhythm of time, He calls for me, "said:" I think that the poem of A. Tvardovsky can serve as such a tuning ... She sounded surprisingly modernly at their very essence, in spirit - in her the highest citizenship, in her conscience, honor, in it, Communist's conviction . That's how the classic came to us today, our Soviet Classic - and directly turned to us:

But in the future, as they were - we will, -

What a sudden her thunderstorm

from those people

what people

Not hiding eyes

Looks into the eyes.

The fact that the poem A. Twardovsky "By the right of memory" "was today the Charpeter of Soviet poetry today," said A. Voznesensky poet in plenum. "On the right of memory" determines the "bloody theme" largely, solves it as overcoming the disease of society, as the purification of the truth. The poet decisively rejected the cowardic arguments of those who were afraid of truth, hid the past, was ready to refuse to people in historical memory:

Suffal others hardly

What seems to us about a black day

Not all these were all

We throw shadow on us.

But everything that was, is not forgotten,

Not shito-indoor on the world.

One wrong to us at a loss

And only truth to the yard!

Written two decades ago, these aphoristically capacious lines on the update days retain their charge, sounds like a current slogan.

The narrative about the dramatic page of our history of the poem "By the right of memory" is not only "feedback of far pain", its pathos is optimistic, it appears to a civilian feeling, strengthens spiritual forces, stagnation of the remnants of fear, who learned to "keep silence before the rampant in Bescar." And what poetic energy is enclosed in its final lines, what a confident point is given to these, resembling Lestenka Mayakovsky, Rhythm and Convening: "People / from those people, / which people, / not hiding eyes, / look in the eyes."

The poem of the Tvardovsky overtook time. The uncompromising requirements of social and spiritual renewal, the restoration of the norms of democracy and publicity was frightened by influential officials from politics and literature.

It pleases that "on the right of memory" restored very time that the poem immediately became an outstanding phenomenon of public and literary life, an active participant of transformations.

(By A.V. Kulinichi)