Petrov Vodkin Bathing. Swimming red horse
Picture of Petrov-Vodkin "Swimming Red Horse Bathing" is the most famous picture of the artist and few know that in his arsenal a huge number of works on completely different topics. In the Russian Museum in the Beno'a Corps, an exhibition of the artist dedicated to the 140th anniversary of his birth was opened, which we visited and were very pleased with the girlfriend.
The exhibition presents 236 works of painting and graphics (160 works from the Russian Museum collection) from the meetings of the GTG, the Saratov Art Museum. A. N. Radishchev, Art Museum of Museum of Museum, St. Petersburg Theater Museum, Museum of Theater Art. A. A. Bakhrushina in Moscow, State Hermitage, Regional Art Museums, Private Collections of St. Petersburg and Moscow shows the stages of the artist, covering all periods of his creative biography, works both well-known and forgotten who are in meetings of various museums and private collections. For the first time next to works from the permanent expositions of the Russian Museum and the Tretyakov Gallery, etudes and sketches for them are presented to see the work of the artist.
K.S. Petrov-Vodkin was born in Hollyznsk on the Volga in the family of a shoemaker and about painting could only dream looking at the gardens of gardens, wooded hills, high country of the Volga. He wanted to enter the railway technician, but without passing the exams, went to work the signboard and study in the classes of drawing Fyodor Burov. The arrival of the St. Petersburg architect R. F. Meletser has changed the life of a boy. Seeing his work, he sent him to study in St. Petersburg to the Central School of Technical Drawing Baron Stiglitz, where he studied for the money of the holy merchants. One of the first works by the artist Petrova-Vodkina is the image of the Mother of God with a baby on the wall of the church aspid in the Alexander Park of St. Petersburg.
Two years later, Kuzma entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where he taught V. Serov. Complete education The young artist went abroad. I visited Greece, Italy, France and even North Africa - where the picture was improved and impressions were gaining. Raised to Zhero Vesuviya, saved in Sahara from Bedouins. Posted by the "family of nomads", the portrait of the "African boy", "Cafe" - a lot of etudes and paintings. Returned to Russia with his wife.
The picture "Cafe" shows noble ladies who solved cultural leisure culturally. All of them are dressed in luxurious dresses in accordance with the trendy trends of that time. Ladies carelessly spend time in a cafe. In the background, the figures are visible not clearly, but among them one face of a girl stands out, which seems to look at the local handsome man with envy.
The first personal exhibition of the artist was held in 1909. Two years later, Petrov-Vodkin became a member of the Unification of the "World of Art". The artist brought a wide and somewhat scandalous fame.
The deep content attached by the artist in the "Sleep" remained - due to the complex encryption in the shown scene - is not available to most viewers. The picture annoyed and at the same time Manila to his public with his mysteriousness. The painting scolded or praised, more often wondered about her occasion. One of the leaders of the "world of art" Ilya Repin made a crushing article, Alexander Benua arose to defend, considering the picture to masterpieces.
"Bathing of the Red Horse" is the main work of Petrova-Vodkina for those years.
At the heart of the design of the picture - the immediate impressions of the swimming horses on the Volga in Pohshansk. The artist posed the nephew of Shura. The horse is written with the "Horse-Grozenki" named the boy in the estate of General Greek in the Saratov province. The usual household scene is overpowered by the artist to an epichny monumental composition that refers to the image of St. George and the frescoes of Girlandian. Much later contemporaries and the artist himself emphasized the prophetic nature of the image as the foresight of the war and the revolution. For the first time, the "swimming Red Kony" was presented in 1912 at the exhibition "The World of Art", the canvas had a stunning success. "Yes, this artist is talented!" - said, standing in front of the picture, Ilya Repin. Two years later, the Baltic Exhibition was held in Sweden, where Petrov-Vodkin received a medal and diploma for the picture. However, due to military events, the canvas remained in Sweden, until 1950.
On the canvas we see summer noon.
Discussed the Earth's ledge.
In the distance glitters the voltage
And in front of it - green fields.
Here panorama of the Russian peasantry
In all aspects, the author is given:
Love and work, and rest, but without drunkenness,
With a baby mother is needed on the canvas.
Epic different parts are sounded,
In which there is a lot of wise simplicity.
Dynamics covered Dali -
Barca and rafts float along the Volga.
Always in his paintings before us
There are movement, tilt ...
Apple tree branch with ripened fruits,
Behind her - the road, the scene of the funeral.
All together Petrov-Vodkin reduces -
Life, death, in the future throws a look:
In the peasant life, the old world goes away,
Breaks a new established way ...
These verses of Ivan Esaulkova convey the content of Petrov-Vodkin's painting "Noon. Summer.1917". At this grand cloth, the artist was able to portray the modern peasant Russia. It arises as if from some wonderful haze. To cover the whole earth is simply impossible, it is so huge. The artist looks at the fields, hills, rivers and armor from a high height, it seems that he is soying with birds. From there, Petrov-Vodkin contemplates Rus. The people live and work precisely on this immense earth. The artist unfolds in this masterpiece the immense theme of Russia. He demonstrates motherhood, love, life of people, death. In Russia, always noon.
After the revolution, the artist taught a lot, including in his own picturesque system. He wrote portraits, addressed to still lifes. "Still-life is a violin etudes that I have to do before, which I sear for the concert". For example, "Herlenka": Fish itself, a piece of black bread and a couple of potato - a luxury in a hungry city.
The set of products is simple, but for revolutionary time, practically a feast.
The other still life of the artist is presented.
I really liked the picture "Morning Still Life".
Again, simple items are depicted - wildflowers in a jar, tea in a glass, eggs, steel kettle, matches, flashlight, but it felt the fragrance of flowers, the flavor of tea, the fission of the spoon. In steel stuffed edges of the kettle, eggs are reflected and a red cat's muzzle is visible, a smart face of the Irish Setter looks back from the edge of the table. Everything seems to be intertwined with each other with complete independence of items. There is no person in the space of the canvas, but it is invariably able to feel: on freshly collected colors, poured tea, left by matchmakers, and, and over the same, animals that they have been tasty to the table waiting for something delicious. The picture is drawn in such a way that the viewer, looking at the work, as if he was at the site of this man, sitting in this morning table. The unsurpassed effect of presence - the author is fine and skillfully makes us the current characters of his still life.
"1918 in Petrograd", a picture, almost immediately known as Petrograd Madonna.
A young worker with a baby in her arms is one of the most touching works of the artist. Over the bustle and crowds - the face, as if the echo of old images of the icon of Our Lady. None look back: the very calm and concentration. As a symbol of motherhood and hope - complete humility, an anxiety and excitement at the atmosphere. The picture was shown for the first time at the exhibition in the Tretyakov Gallery in the early 20s, on which the works of Petrova-Vodkina and Pavel Kuznetsov adjacent to the work of the field of Cezanne and Henri Matisse. "A visit to the museum, where I saw my paintings and compared them with Cezanne, gave me a great confidence." Madonna Petrograd "so the messenger and so much depth in it ..." (from the letter of Petrova-Vodkina Wife, June 11, 1921)
The picture "1919. Anxiety" is one of the last significant works of Petrova-Vodkin. (1934) on it a persistent feeling of fear, anxiety, something threatening. All family members were frozen and waiting for something terrible. And this expectation is clearly read on the faces of the mother and the older child, daughters. It is guessed in the Father's frozen by the window, which in tense silence peers in the night MGLU, trying to see the outlines of the upcoming trouble. And only a small child is serene and sweetly sleeping in his bed. There is a civil war. It is she who hurts the whole family. Overnas, everything can collapse, they can lose each other, their fragile world can break. This is what causes them anxious and naturally perceived as a premonition of Stalin's "Big Terror" with his night arrests.
Kuzma Sergeevich since 1920 sick with tuberculosis since 1920, and by the spring of 1929 the disease accepted a threateningly heavy form, and the doctors forbidden him to touch the colors. Filling the idleness, he writes beautiful romantic-emotional books about his childhood and youth - "Khlynovsk" (1930) and "Euclide space" (1933). In total, 20 stories came out of Petrova-Vodkin's pen, 3 large stories and 12 pieces. The artist, having spoiled by the prohibition of doctors, took up his brushes and paints again.
The artist in Leningrad died in the early morning of February 15, 1939. Immediately after the death of Petrova-Vodkina, the Soviet power would noticeably cooled to his heritage. His name was subjected to a quiet uraceism: his paintings disappeared from the expositions of museums, and the name was almost not mentioned until the second half of the 1960s.
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Swimming red horse. How Petrova-Vodkina's picture became the symbol of the March 25th, 2018
We are all accustomed to looking at the "Bathing of the Red Horse" Petrova-Vodkina, as the symbol of the 1917 revolution.
Yes, Petrov-Vodkin with sympathy revealed to the revolution. And one of the few pre-revolutionary artists was able to adapt to the new world. But is everything so unequivocal? After all, the picture was written 5 years before the revolution, in 1912.
How did the idea of \u200b\u200b"Red Horse" come from? And how did it turn from the genre scene into the symbol of the whole era?
Features "Swimming Red Kony"
The work of Petrova-Vodkina was very bold for the beginning of the 20th century.
Although not such a significant event is depicted. Just the boys bathe horses.
But the main horse of unexpected color. Red. Moreover, saturated red.
Behind - pink and white horses. On their background, the Red Horse, the main horse appears even more clearly.
The image is almost flat. Clear contour. Black Surprised, black hoof and black eye give a horse even greater stylization.
Water under hooves is more like a thin fabric. Which bubbles under the hooves and dispels with folds.
And another dual perspective. We look at the horse on the side. But on the lake - from above. Therefore, we do not see the sky, the horizon. The reservoir almost vertically faces us.
All these pictorial techniques were unusual for Russia at the very beginning of the 20th century. Given that at that time, Vrubel's works were very popular, Repin and Serov. . Ascending star was Zinaida Serebryakova .
Where Petrov-Vodkin took all these ideas for his painting?
How did Petrov-Vodkina style developed
Simplified color solution and minimalism in detail - the direct impact of the work of Matisse.
This is especially noticeable for the work of "playing boys." Which was created almost at the same place as "Swimming Red Horse".
Does she remind you of anything?
Of course, much in it echoes "Dance" Matisse . At that time, the work was already bought by the Russian collector Sergei Schukin. And Petrov-Vodkin saw her.
At the same time, scientists and artists have become actively interested in icon painting. It was at the beginning of the 20th century that a lot of vintage icons cleared. And the world understood what an important layer of world painting was still ignored.
Petrov-Vodkin was delighted with icon painting. It was on them that he saw red horses. Before the Renaissance, artists treated freely with color.
And if the horse was considered beautiful, he was symbolic portrayed red.
Branded Tri-Selling Petrova-Vodkina (Red-Blue-Yellow) - prevailing colors just icons.
So, mixing the features of modernism and icon painting, Petrov-Vodkin and formed its unique style. Which we see in the "Bathing of the Red Kony".
"Swimming a red horse" in a number of other works of Petrova-Vodkina
To understand what the uniqueness of the picture is important to compare it with other works of the artist.
Formally, "swimming a red horse" is not strongly allocated among other works of Petrova-Vodkina.
Of course, he did not come immediately to their recognizable colors.
A few years earlier, the color solutions of the masters were different, the shades are different. It is clearly visible on the work of the Beach of 1908.
In the same years, that the "bathing of a red horse" Petrov-Vodkin creates paintings in the same stylistry: three-flowered, simplified background.
Already after the revolution, the style remains the same. And even the horse appears again.
In Soviet times, there was simplicity. But the shadows and volume returned. Ballet rules soc. realism. And all kinds of modernist "things" were banned.
Therefore, the background is complicated. It is not just painted with a pure green meadow. This is already a break with a complex pattern of stones. And well-prescribed rustic houses.
Although we still see the "branded" three-color.
When you look at a number of these works created by the artist for 30 years, you realize that the "bathing of a red horse" does not stand out by some particular uniqueness.
So how did the picture become the most famous work of the artist? And the main thing - how "managed" to become a symbol of the whole era?
Why did the "Swimming Horse Bathing" turned into a symbol of the era?
At first, Petrov-Vodkin began to write "Swimming a red horse", as another picture on the household plot. And in fact, that unusual in the fact that the boys, the assistants of the bray came to wash the horses to the lake.
But then the artist began to deliberately give it the traits of monumentality. Understanding that he is increasingly goes beyond the scope of the household genre.
As we already understood, the red color of Petrov-Vodkin loved. But in this case, it is not just a peasant skirt or a worker cap. And a horse. The color becomes not just dominant. And just all-consuming.
In addition, the horse is intentionally enlarged. He just does not fit in the picture. In the frame did not hit the legs, tail and ears of the horse.
He is very close to us. He literally poured on us. Hence the feeling of anxiety and discomfort.
And in top of the authorities - dumbfounded, not to the place of a calm view of the young rider. Not only is it difficult for us to believe that such a young man can cope with such a mahina. He is also not particularly focused.
As a rule, it does not lead to good. And we all know what the good intentions of revolutionaries led to. When "Red Horse" at some point came out of control and began to press everyone. No longer understanding who is right, and who is to blame.
All this in the aggregate and makes the picture with a symbolic and prophetic picture.
Is it possible to call Petrov-Vodkina with a seer? To some extent, yes. Ingenious artists know how to consider invisible layers of the Universe, not aware of themselves.
He did not know. Considering that he wrote a horse on the eve of the First World War. I do not know that all his country will soon be painted soon. On the world map.
A truly unique person was the famous Russian artist Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin. Pictures, stories, memoirs, new techniques in painting, the fruits of rich pedagogical activities left us inheritance. His fate developed with the same kaleidoscopicity, with what brilliant work appeared to the world.
Heritage Masters
The most artist - "Portrait of Anna Akhmatova", "1918 in Petrograd", "Bathing of the Red Kony", "Death of the Commissioner", "A. S. Pushkin in St. Petersburg "," Violin "," Youth "," Thirsty Warrior "," Fisherman's Daughter "," Morning Still Life "," Coast ". This, of course, not the entire list of picturesque works of the artist. Petrov-Vodkin created paintings in all famous genres - portraits, still lifes, landscapes, embodied household, historical and allegorical plots. Each of his work breathes by the original perception of peace and spiritual independence.
The origins of creative individuality
Among the contemporaries that were going on "on the fracture" of two centuries - two epochs distinguished from each other, especially Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin differs in special handwriting and delightful artistic audacity. Created by the master, it is not necessary without mentioning the innovative principles and receptions born in the manner of the artist, oddly enough, from a preissary study of painting distant antiquity.
The first stunning shock for the artist, almost another boy, were the Novgorod icons, which he saw in the house of familiar Old Believers. It happened at that time when the family lived in Hagonish - a cozy, drowning in the Green city on the Volga. This impressions were joined and joyful fabulous pictures, which painted in the presence of Kuzma, the neighbor and friend of the family Andrei Kondratych. The boy himself tried to draw, surprising the parents skillful etudes. In the environment in which Petrov-Vodkin was born and was born, the paintings were not considered great value, and the work of the artist was perceived by something like balobiness. The leaving of the family of a shoemaker and the maid, Kuzma Sergeevich more than once mentioned that, doing drawing, he felt someone like Bohemian Barchuk. Whether his relatives thought at that time that the name of their offspring will enter Annala History and decorate the collection of famous museums, such as the famous Tretyakov Gallery, the paintings of which knows the entire civilized world!
Searches for your own way
In those years, when the fate of the artist did not overlook the way acadeated from the lower layers of society, the providence persistently pushed the young man to the skill of painting. After graduating from the average urban school, Kuzma began to work in ship repair workshops and was preparing to enter the railway school. In the fall, he went to Samara, the exam did not stand it and then completely surrendered to his hobby. Overbilling by random work, Kuzma decided to study drawing in the classes of painting Fyodor Burov. It was a useful experience, but he did not give essential knowledge. Pupils were engaged in mostly academic theory and never treated nature. After the death of Teachers, Petrov-Vodkin tried to get a job as an icon painter. Together with classmates, he organized the artel of signboards. However, neither the other enterprise was not crowned with success. It did not diminish the determination of the young man to draw painting. From Samara, he moved to his native patch.
Football meeting
Good luck came on the other side: into the house where the mother of the artist was in the service of the Lord, came from St. Petersburg the lady, the sister of the hostess, with the intention to build a cottage in Hagiansk. For this purpose, the court architect was invited, whom Kuzma drawings were struck. He suggested to arrange a young man for study in the capital. In the same year, Petrov-Vodkin entered the Central School of Technical Drawing by Baron Stiglitz, who produced masters of applied creativity from his walls. Extensity and accuracy were appreciated here, painting was practically not taught. A diligent and interested student Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin could achieve large heights in the craft, but the talent attracted him further - the young man lacked the juicy and free paints of painting. I will stay within the framework of the craft, we would never have seen his masterpiece "Swimming Red Kony" or other expressive picturesque works.
Greedy interest in science and art
New page of the novice artist - the transition to the Moscow School of Painting, in which the teaching of young people - Valentin Serov, Isaac Levitan, Martirill Saryan began to teaching activities. After provincial pravansk and academic St. Petersburg, Petrov-Vodkin dipped with his head into a democratic and bright life of Moscow. He is passionately want to argue everything, know the laws of the universe. The artist learns to play a violin, comprehends the basics of physics and chemistry, writes stories and plays.
Traveling, overwhelming consciousness
At the beginning of the new century, a young man captured the desire to drive around the world. He sits on a bike with a route in the head: "Warsaw-Munich-Italy". Kuzma managed to get to Germany only. Here, the young man enters the school of Anton Ashbe, highly appreciated by artists of Russia. New places, lifestyle, works of art presented a young drawer a lot of fruitful impressions. All this is peculiar and happily challenged in Petrova-Vodkina painting.
In Italy, the artist fell almost five years later. He passionately dreamed of seeing Vesuvius. Strong elements captured his imagination. Having risen to the shock and breathable fire, the young artist Petrov-Vodkin experienced sensations that, according to his testimony, forever changed his understanding of life and art, shook his creative consciousness.
Picture "Swimming Red Horse"
This canvas artist created in 1912, when he was about 34 years old. According to the testimonians, the picture plan originated by the artist after his student Sergey Kalmykov, as part of academic work, wrote red horses. It is believed that the first version of the picture "Bathing of the Red Horse" (he was not preserved) was created in the estate of a familiar general, where the artist with his wife was invited by the welcoming owners. The prototype of the animal in the central part of the canvas served as a real horse named boy. Later, in St. Petersburg, Petrov-Vodkin re-wrote a picture. Sergey Kalmykov inspired the masters as a model for the main character. In the face of the slender young man sitting on horseback, the features of the artist's student are guessed.
Symbols of silver century
The topic of horses swimming, mostly with naked in nature, was extremely popular in the painting of the beginning of the twentieth century. Among the compatriots of bathing horses and people wrote Arkady Plaks, Peter Konchalovsky, Valentin Serov and other painters. Practicing indomitable energy, valor and charming grace stallion with a rider squeaking on it represented the power of the element sent by the power of the spirit and mind. The naked athletic-muscular body of the boy, which we see in the picture "Swimming a red horse" - also in line with artistic addictions of the beginning of the last century. The anthem of plastic and sophistication of a well-folded male body sounded not only in the works of talented painters, but also in the alloy on the whole world of Dyagileil ballet performances.
"There are no such horses"
This was the main reproach, which heard Petrov-Vodkin. "Bathing of the Red Horse", the work, which caused the same dispute, how many delighted responses, is clearly inspired by early impressions that the artist received once in the icon-painted workshop. Symbolic scarlet horse is present in an ancient Russian icon, for example, in the image of Archangel Mikhail Saints Boris and Gleb, etc. In the picture of Petrova-Vodkina, this color is also allegoric. He personifies the will and rapidness, uncompromising and thirst for a new one, what the pre-revolutionary Russia rushed. In the iconopisses, crowded and effective strength, the same force empowered our compatriots who lived a hundred years ago.
Art features of the canvas
On the canvas in front of the viewer unfolds a magnificent picture in a spherical perspective, fascinating round lines. According to the artist's conviction, such an image of the prospects most accurately conveys the ideological pathos of the role of a person in the universe. In the foreground - the red horse with confidently and gracefully squeezing rider. In the middle of the canvas - in the water - the shapes of a white horse, which she pulls her ridiculous rider, and a light scarlet stallion with a rider, we see him from the back. All this group, including the central boy on horseback, creates a movement of circles, underlined by a slow cycle of lake water. The background of the picture is the coast, also made by rounded right lines.
Power of Krasok
It is remarkably combined and contrasts color in the picture. A large connoisseur of exquisite colorsistic gamma appears here in front of the viewer Petrov-Vodkin. "Bathing of a red horse" is a sample of how the semantic decision of the picture is expressed by the color language. Cool blue-green tones of the lake reflecting sky, according to which smooth circles are diverted with flexible jets, as well as the semicircular strip of the pink shore with green splashes of bushes become the perfect background for the bright-scarlet stallion and dark, almost a golden boy, which are a composite and meaningful picture center .
What tells Madonna
Another no less colorful and symbolic work of the master was the cloth "1918 in Petrograd", which was called "Petrograd Madonna", was becoming created in 1920. This canvas also complements the pictures of the Tretyakov Gallery (the photo is below).
The picture amazes with drama and gentle touching harmony. The features of the young Bolshevik, carefully holding their baby in the hands, are filled with serene rest and femininity in the covered by the cardinal change of the world. Everything is in rapid movement, but eternal and beauty is inecilious.
Why Killed Commissioner
The works of Petrov-Vodkin owns not only the Moscow Tretyakovka, paintings of the painter are represented in the State Russian Museum in St. Petersburg. There, in particular, the "Death Commissioner" canvas, created in 1928, is being exposed. The theme of his - the death of the Red Commander in the fields of the Civil War - develops a specific historical plot and becomes a timeless symbol of the victim in the name of a high idea. This picture once again represents the author primarily a philosopher seeking to embrace and associate the manifestations of the material and intangible world in the artistic space.
The artist's canvases are also exhibited in Voloshin House-Museum in Koktebel, in the Saratov Art Museum. Radishchev. The extensive catalog of almost 900 works of the master is available at the artist's museum in His Motherland in Hagvansk.
Shown in 1912 at the exhibition "World of Art" The picture of the "Bathing of the Red Kony" was perceived by the audience as an artistic revelation, becoming the most famous work of Petrov-Vodkina. Here, the artist with a rare force managed to achieve the construction of the "moment of lively nature" in the "Eternal Real Petrase" of the picturesque masterpiece, which combined universal moral and artistic traditions.
The design of the picture "Swimming Red Horse" was born from the real motive and was polished in numerous homefit studes, which was given to the summer of 1912, conducted by the artist on the farm of Holyansk near Don. In the final version, the solemn monumental canvas, pushing from the actual, earthly event, found its comprehensive symbolic meaning. The sensitive viewer saw in her a kind of appeal and the premonition of the coming update, the purification of humanity.
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Bathing red horse. 1912. |
The strongest impact on the artist in the process of his work on the "Bathing of the Red Kony" provided a meeting with Russian icons. It was not the first, but it should be borne in mind that the true artistic advantages of the ancient Russian icon were before the turn of the 1900s and 1910s are hidden and only the most enlightened connoisseurs and gathers guess clearing from later layers, which began about this time, led To the opening of the Russian icon as the phenomena of the art of world importance. The icons that were collected as long as the monuments of ancient piety were the works of painting of rare beauty and spiritual purity. All this could not pass by the attention of Petrova-Vodkina, acutely felt his blood connection with the national culture and vividly interested in ancient Russian wallopus and icon painting. According to the Moscow collections, Petrov-Vodkin saw the icons just cleared, and they were increasingly attracted him, as they met his own search for the monumental form and a clear plastic solution of the easel picture of philosophical content. Obviously, the icons made it the impression on him that he rethought the figurative structure already begun in the sketch of the picture and its content. Thus, the transition from the first to the second option was due to a strong artistic "shock", forced Petrova-Vodkina to take a fresh look at the task of the picture and in general his painting, resolutely addressed his eyes to the richest heritage of the ancient Russian art.
Now Petrov-Vodkin wrote not only and not so much bathing of horses. He wanted to convey in his picture a feeling of some of himself who had not yet been completely clear, but thickening his preincesses of cleansing changes in the life of the country. A swelling red horse sounded as a call for a new life, unknown and beautiful. The non-specificity of his premonitions involuntarily confirmed Petrov-Vodkin himself, who said two years after creating a picture when the world war began that "his thought was unexpected for him - so that's why I wrote a" battery of a red horse ". With great, it seems The basis he might say it after another three years - with the onset of the bloody-red revolution of the 17th year. It was a vague, but prophetic premonition, the gift of which is endowed with true poets and artists.
So, from the groove of the village horse the first sketches of Petrov-Vodkin comes to the Bogatlish Red Horse, which wondered his powerful article. The appearance of it is more connected with the images of the old Russian epics and songs than with a real horse. The color of him is that "red" that in folk songs means "beautiful", "good", "strong", "nice". Thus, as a fabulously mighty figure of a horse, and its color becomes in the painting of the metaphor.
In 1912, the next exhibition of the art association "World of Art" opened in St. Petersburg. And the first picture, which encountered visitors right above the entrance door, hit the imagination of contemporaries with its symbolism. This impression was so great that the canvas even called the banner around which you need to unite. "Bathing of the Red Horse" Kuzma Brush Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkina became an important stage not only in the artist's work, but also in Russian painting as a whole.
Petrov-Vodkin began his outstanding painting in the summer of 1912, when he lived in the southern town of Swashnsk. The artist tried to capture the familiar scene of a bathing of boys and horses in the river. Sketches and the first version of the picture were household, without hints for symbolism. Later, the source version of the picture was destroyed by the author.
The prototype of the horse was a real horse, old, with broken legs, but with an amazingly beautiful muzzle.
Who served as a model for a young rider, is still unknown. According to one of the versions, it was a masters's student, Sergey Kalmykov. Later, this young man became an outstanding Russian avant-garde artist. Unfortunately, his talent was almost not estimated at life. Among other applicants for the rider's role called one of the relatives of the artist and even the young Nabokov.
What "Bathing of the Red Kony" so shocked the audience? For the raging society of that time survived the folk uprisings and the revolution of 1905, the red color was firmly associated with a revolutionary movement. A powerful horse, which is not able to hold back the fragile rider - what is not an illustration of the folk power of the folk force? However, in the interpretation of the picture, everything is not so simple.
Skeptics noticed that there are no such large and red horses. But Kuzma Sergeevich knew exactly where they were found - on vintage icons. In the icon painting, the red color had a dual sense. On the one hand, this is a symbol of eternal life, the symbol of the resurrection. On the other hand, this is the color of the victim and redemption. Rider Pose and the Golden Color of His Body is characteristic of the images of martyrs and saints.
The canvas took a lot from the iconopus. There are practically no shadows on it, and the movements of the characters look slow down, ritual. Paints are contrasting, they do not flow from one to another, and, as if faced and confronting each other. In addition, the work used a spherical perspective. It emphasizes the circular arrangement of horses and boys, as well as the round lakeside.
"Bathing of the Red Konya" there was a difficult fate. In 1914, the work was sent to the exhibition in Sweden. But due to the First World War and revolutionary events in Russia, the cloth could not return home for a long time. Only in 1950, after long and difficult negotiations, the artistic legacy of Kuzma Sergeevich returned to his family. In 1961, the famous painting was transferred to the Tretyakov Gallery.
Petrova-Vodkina style was so distinctive that he had no direct followers among artists. But critics and art historians do not leave the canvas with the attention so far. In Soviet times, it was customary to bind the "Swimming Horse Bath" with the forebrocerance of the revolutionary fire in Russia. The author himself in the late years of life associated the canvas with the tragedies of the First World War. However, each viewer sees something in this work. What does "swimming a red horse" for you?
After the start (end) of the course, it immediately becomes available in the record
