Museum of uniforms. Museum of military uniform
The museum of the military form of clothing is one of the newest in Moscow, it was opened in 2017 by the Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO). Due to the combination of classical museum work and modern technologies, the institution quickly gains popularity among Muscovites and guests of the capital. Another attractive feature of the museum was the location: the expositions are posted in the manor of Turgenev-Botkin in the center of Moscow - this is a historic building, an architectural monument.
The key task of the museum of the military form of clothing is to visualize the history of the Patriotic Army, to talk about the history of Russia and the Russian armed forces through the prism of front-line and parade military clothing. The museum's creators managed to achieve maximum visibility and immersion in the amazing world of Russian military.
There are two permanent exhibitions in the museum, temporary exhibitions, scientific and historical conferences, meetings with writers, historians, reconstructors are held regularly.
Permanent expositions of the Military Museum
Saved relics
"Saved relics" is the first exposition of the museum of the military form of clothing. During the inspection of the exhibition, visitors will be familiar with the samples of uniforms of soldiers, officers and the highest army ranks of the XVIII-XIX centuries.
In 2017, the exposition "Rescued Relics" was assigned a memorial status: so the museum honored the head of the head of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense by A. N. Gubankova, who died in a plane crash under Sochi in December 2016. It was Gubunkov who was conceived by the exhibition "Saved Relics" and transferred to RVIO 300 Exhibits from the funds of the Ministry of Defense Museum of the Russian Federation: These were collections of ancient uniforms from the former Imperial Internal Museum. It was from this meeting that the history of the museum of the military form began.
The Intendant Museum was established by Peter I, it was sent to storage samples of domestic and foreign military clothes, experienced instances and sewing patterns. In 1917, the museum was closed. Up until 1932, the exhibits were dust and rotted in boxes in the Petropavlovsk fortress. Later, part of the collection was distributed over several museums, some exhibits fell into theaters. By 1959, the lion's share of unique military costumes was irretrievably lost.
In 2016, A. Gubankov decided to collect together the collections of the former intenntenant museum. Specialists of the Russian Military Historical Society held a colossal work, looking for exhibits across the country. Then large-scale restoration work was carried out.
In 2017, in the newly created museum of the military form of clothing, an exhibition was opened by a miracle of the rescued collection, which was 100 years old in almost complete oblivion.
Guests of the museum will see the military form of Petrovsky regiments, Grenadiers, Gusar, a soldier of the Napoleonic army, artillery players, dragoons, ordinary, etc.
Saved relics: two centuries of glory
At the end of 2017, the second part of the exposition "Rescued Relics" was opened - "Two centuries of Fame". At this exhibition, you can see the military uniform of the Imperial Life Guard, Life Kirassirov Regiment Tsearevich Alexey, Pavlovsky, Preobrazhensky and Borodino regiments, Nizhny Novgorod Gusar, Grenadiers of the Winter Palace, etc. In addition, the exposition presents the collections of cold and firearms.
A special place in the collection occupies a miracle to the preserved Unter-Officer Mundir of the Tenghinsky Infantry Regiment: It was such a military form that M. Lermontov wore, it can be seen on the poet portraits.
The collection of the Miniature of Artist A. Voronova and the exposition of historical costumes of the Mosfilm film studio are interested.
In total, more than 50 exhibits are presented in the exhibition "two centuries of glory", clearly demonstrating the evolution of the Russian military clothing from Petrovsky times until the recent years of the Romanov dynasty.
Manor of Turgenev-Botkin
The Military Uniform Museum is located in the old mansion - the manor of Turgenev-Botkin. From 1803 to 1807 Manor owned the director of Moscow University Ivan Petrovich Turgenev. During this period of time, one of the most famous literary salons of the capital is formed in the mansion. Visiting Turgenev was N. Karamzin, V. Zhukovsky, Uncle of the Great Russian poet A.S. Pushkin, V. L. Pushkin. Pals, secular events, children's holidays were held here.
Turgenev died in 1807, and until 1832, the estate passed from hand to hand. Finally, she bought it with auction a chain association, a large lover of graceful arts Peter Kononovich Botkin. Mansion, and without that washed literary glory, privileged it to incredible heights. At the evenings, Botkin, I. Turgenev, N. Ogarev, M. Shchepkin and many others were at different times.
In Soviet times, the house was equipped with communal housing, children's nursery and offices of state institutions were also located here.
In the 2000s, a scientific restoration of the estate of Turgen-Botkin was conducted. The facade was returned initial appearance and partially restored interiors. Moscow authorities passed the RVIO building, which places the historical expositions of the Museum of the Military Form of Clothing.
Museum of military uniform - was opened in February 2017 and is a structural division of the Museum of the Military History of the Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO).
Building
The manor was formed in the middle of the XVIII century near the church in the name of the position of the honest Verig of the Apostle Paul, built back in the XVI century. At the beginning of the 19th century, the manor belonged to Ivan Petrovich Turgenev - the famous Mason, a public figure, a member of the Novikovsky "Friendly Society of Society", Director of Moscow University, which Turgenev was held by one of the brilliant literary salons of Moscow. Here were often Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin, Vasily Andreevich Zhukovsky, Vasily Lvovich Pushkin and other famous personalities. Ivan Petrovich Turgenev died in 1807 and the Moscow House was sold to the "Derptic primiter merchant" Christian Fe.
In 1812, the estate burned down and was rebuilt only in a few years. On October 12, 1832, the Moscow merchant of the 1st Guild of the 1st Guild was bought from auction barrier, one of the pioneers of a tea business in Russia, Moscow merchant and entrepreneur Peter Kononovich Botkin.
Peter Kononovich had numerous offspring. Vasily Petrovich Botkin, the eldest son, was a famous writer and criticism. Nikolai Petrovich Botkin took almost all his life on travels. In Rome, he met Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, who was a frequent guest in the house of Botkin. Dmitry Petrovich Botkin - co-owner of the Fargogo Firm "Peter Botkin Sonov" together with Brother Peter Petrovich. Dmitry Petrovich, in his youth faded with the collecting of paintings, watercolors, sculptures and until the end of the life was engaged in collecting works of art, by the end of his life became one of the most famous collectors and connoices of art. Sergey Petrovich Botkin is a famous therapist, the founder of the scientific clinic of internal diseases in Russia, the founder of the body's teachings as a whole, subordinate to the human mind, public figure. Mikhail Petrovich Botkin is an artist, a prominent collector and the patron of his time, owned a unique collection of works of applied art: ancient, Byzantine, Old Russian, Gothic and Renaissance. Peter Kononovich Botkin was also five daughters. The eldest of the daughters - Ekaterina Petrovna - married the famous manufacturer - the Old Believers of Ivan Vasilyevich Shchukin. Maria Petrovna is married to the famous poet Athanasius Fetom. The wife of the youngest daughter Anna, a professor who was famous in Moscow, doctor of medicine Pavel Lukich Piculin.
By the end of the XIX century, the mistress of the estate was the daughter of Peter Petrovich Botkin Anna, who settled in her with her husband, merchant Andreev, who took the position of director of the Tea Trade Partnership "Peter Botkin Son". Other daughter of Peter Petrovich - Vera - in 1887 he married Nikolai Ivanovich Guccov, the future of the Moscow urban head and public figure. N.I. Huchkov headed the tea partnership and the house belonged to him.
The last members of the Gachkov-Botkin family left the estate in 1921.
In 1918 she was nationalized, and communal apartments are arranged in the house. In the late 1920s, a hostel of the Communist University for national minorities was erected at the site of the former ownership of the Petroviergian Church. Residential buildings of the manor of Turgenev-Botkin began to be used under the hostel. After the war in the buildings of the former manor, a kindergarten, nursery, the Warehouse of Medicine Publishing House and other institutions were placed.
In February 2017, the Museum of Military Forms of Clothing was opened in the renovated estate.
Exposition
"Saved relics"
On February 2, 2017, the "Saved Relics" exposition was opened in the museum. The exposition presents the unique exhibits of the Russian military form of the XVIII-XIX centuries from the museum of the history of the military form of clothing created on the basis of the meeting of the Imperial Internal Museum that existed before the revolution under the patronage of the Russian emperor. The "sample store", established by Peter I, received the items of military uniforms of not only the Russian army, but also foreign, design drawings and samples of form. In 1868, the Intendant Museum and the highest decree of Alexander II were born on the basis of the assembled objects, both sample samples of military uniforms and experienced, experimental, in order to "save for history samples of military uniforms".
After historical events of 1917, the collection has suffered a lot of tests and deprivation. The museum's life stopped: the exhibits were put in boxes and sent for storage to the Petropavlovsk fortress. In 1932, part of the collection was transferred to the military-historical museum of artillery, engineering troops and communication troops, and part went to the costumes. The larger part of the exhibits remained in the store, the veins, wandered in a vast country. Only since 1959 the collection has become available to a limited circle of specialists in the developmental database of the central discharge management, organized by the Department of Bed Supplies to the USSR Ministry of Defense.
Thanks to the comprehensive support of Anton Nikolayevich Gubankova, director of the Department of Culture of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, in 2015 the project was carried out a project to transfer unique items from the Museum of the Ministry of Defense of Russia to the Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO) for restoration and exposure in the walls of the Military Clothing Museum.
The restoration of the invaluable collection began in 2016 by specialists of the three leading organizations of GosNIIR, VKHNRTS them. I.E. Grabar and Rosiso with the support and active participation of the Russian Military Historical Society (RVIO). A year after the start of the restoration work, invaluable rarities of military uniforms are demonstrated after a hundred years of oblivion to the wide range of visitors, among which the officers of the Life Guard's horse regiment, the Grenaderian hat of the Life Guards Pavlovsky regiment, uniforms of the Officers of the Life Guard Transfiguration Regiment, 68th Liebe - Aperation of the Borodino of His Majesty Regiment, Nizhny Novgorod Dragun Regiment, Rota Palace Grenadier, etc., Samples of weapons from private collections.
The exhibition "Saved Relics" is dedicated to the memory of Anton Nikolayevich Gubankov, who died in a plane crash in the area of \u200b\u200bSochi on December 25, 2016.
The addition of the exhibition is the unique collection of copyright miniatures of Alexander Voronov, dedicated to the Russian Imperial Guard of 1906-1917, the period when to raise the prestige of military service was returned a parade form of clothing.
there is no far from the Bakhchivandzhi platform in the Schelkovsk district.
The museum of the military form of clothing was created on the basis of the collection of the Imperial Intendant Museum, which existed before the revolution under the auspices of the Russian emperor. The highest decree was commanded to collect both typical samples of military uniforms and experienced, experimental, in order to "save for history samples of military uniform."
2. During the revolution, the intenntenant museum was partially looted, and partially destroyed. The remnants of the collection of the Intendant Museum were transferred: partially in the artillery museum, engineering troops and communication troops; Partly in theaters and film studios; Partially in the intennant control of the Red Army, for use as samples of military uniform.
3. Regular parts, and with them and a single form of clothing appeared under Peter I. Soldiers wore a caftan: in the infantry - green, and in cavalry - blue, one for all red cloth camisole, tri-colored hats and brave. The officers also relied on a scarf and a distinctive sign on the chest. Peter I attached great importance to the appearance of his warriors, cared for them to look decent and at the same time had a convenient gear for a fight. 
4. The exhibits presented in the museum tell about how the military uniforms in Russia appeared and changed, which many generations of Defenders of the Fatherland were worn proudly. 
5. For a long time, the collection existed in the Research Laboratory of the military form of the Intensdant Service of the Ministry of Defense and was demonstrated only to those skilled in the art. Now the museum is open to all interested in military form of clothing. 
6. The vast majority of exhibits are historical originals. 
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8. On this uniform you can see the loops for orders and medals. 
9. The uniforms of our army changed quite often, in many respects due to hobbies of state husbands by European outfits 
10. In the first Soviet times, the exposure has not yet been impaired. Some exhibits presented to other museums, others were transferred to theaters and on film studios. Much tritely sold out. And what remained, lay down in the boxes and locked in stock. Associate the museum was able only after the war, when the surviving rarities returned to the Chief Intendants. But only in 1985, the exhibits are located in a modern heated building equipped with a whole forces of the rear services. 
11. In the local halls, you will find out a lot of interesting things about ordinary things and familiar names from childhood. For example, fuzhair for a long time were the only servants of the Russian army, whose head fever was attached to a visor. But not from the force and not as a sign of distinction, but in purely practical purposes: it was believed that such a cap is very convenient to measure the horses of Oats. 
12. Mundir for a soldier has always been something big than just clothes. No wonder if, when he was dismissal from military service, the right to carry the military former military personnel were specifically stipulated. This was attached to this as one of the types of promotion and recognition of merit. 
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20. Interesting the history of the appearance of the pursuit and epolet. Initially, the epolutes - dense metal plates - served as protection against a saber blow, and the epaulettes were convenient because they were protected by the top of the uniform from rapid wear when the weapon is "on the shoulder". In addition, they, as it were, fastened the other parts of the outfit - spinning, digestion, Range belts. The signs of differences on them appeared later. 
21. Scarecrow Horses Voroshilov named Mauser. 
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23. The museum has a large exposition of military uniforms and a post-revolutionary period.
Each cavalry regiment had its color of the caps, and such regiments were as much as 128. 
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25. Standards for Victory Parade. First option. 
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27. When on June 27, 1945, the Presidium BC of the USSR assigned to Stalin the title of Generalissimus, then the question arose: what form from now on to the face of the commander-in-chief? The development of a uniform for the owner of a unique military rank was instructed by the head of the rear of the Armed Forces General Khrulevu. Represented a sewn form of the chief intensity of the Soviet army of Drachev. Seeing the "outfit", Stalin frowned. Him did not like numerous galunds, luxurious golden epoles and the golden lamps on trousers. Having placed Dracheva, the leader said subordinate, which does not want to look like a rooster or a doorman from the restaurant. Thus, it was not necessary to explain twice: after a few days, the uniform was submitted modestly - a woolen twig with a postponed collar. He got the highest approval. Now both variants of the form of generalissimism can be seen in a single place - the Museum of the Russian, Soviet and foreign form of the Central Badge Department of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. 
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35. The museum is a large collection of awards of different countries. 
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Thanks Press Center Mo military_press.
For an interesting excursion.
The museum is located on the territory of the military unit and is a "regime" object, in connection with which the application must be applied in advance.
In connection with the "fading" of exhibits from outbreaks of cameras, a certain lighting mode and photographing on a special order operates in the museum.
Long fluctuated to go or not in this museum, where the press tour was organized by the Ministry of Defense, but on the last day it was still ripe and drove. Absolutely did not regret and was wildly satisfied, because the place is really interesting.
In short, the history of the museum is. On the basis of the Intendant Governance, Alexander II, the Imperial Internal Museum was created, where all samples of military uniforms were overlooked, and did not go to a series of "beta versions" of various uniforms. In 1917, the exhibits were put in boxes, and they were quietly visible in the Peter and Paul Fortress. In 1932, a commission is being created, which examines the collection and distributes it as follows: Most of the exhibits are transferred to the artillery museum, engineering troops and communication troops, part in film studio and theaters, part in the intennte administration of the Red Army as samples. In 1949-1950, from the Museum of Artillery, many exhibits were transferred to the Intensdant Management, where they again went to the box for eight years. Finally in 1958 they were removed on the white light and put in the military unit in Odintsovo, where there were no special conditions for storage. Since 1985, the museum is located in the current building in Bakhchivandzhi.
Shooting. You understand that I am not a pro, and I had to shoot in a poorly lit room and also through the glass, which was constantly sought against and reflecting me.
Next problem - signatures for the photo. Time was not so much, but the exhibits on the contrary - mass, so I didn't have any opportunity to remember. I can comment on something, something will lay out Tarlit, and he is recognized as an expert in form.
Well, let's go.
Tapestry late XVIII century. In order for his wizard to weaken about 28 years.
Various shape.
Such pants are called chiccchirs.
On the uniforms are not rocked places, and the native loops, which had previously worn rewards.
Hats.
And this helmet for the crews of armored vehicles of the First World War.
Gymnastic shoes for sports. Subsequently, they transformed into famous gymnasters.
Pursuit with Monogram Alexander III.
Epaulet.
Generalissima Mundir, made for the post of victory in 1945. On the left - the first option, which was rejected by Stalin, sort of because he looked at the blow, and the one in which the leader of the peoples was on the Red Square.
Experimental form of Colonel of the Soviet Army. Boca and the back (postponed Nativenik) are folded on the papouth) and there is a leap of fabric to close the face (windproof valve).
There are foreign samples of the form of various states.
German Democratic Republic.
USA
Among the exhibits there are various household items.
Soap. It is not mold on it, but the intellectuals of the tar.
This is not a flask for chemical experiments, and a glass flake for water.
Here is another option of the Soviet era.
Soldier's hospital shoes of the XIX century.
Leather bag - Tashka.
Rarity trunk.
After the February Revolution of 1917, the Interim Government decided to get rid of royal symbols. The question arose to what to do with the battle banners of the regiments. They twisted simply - the rags on the double-headed eagle and the word "king".
Soviet banners of the Times of the Great Patriotic War.
Magnets of military wagon having a special digital sign.
PC-I PC-I.
Conno-machine-gun Tacank KPT.
Museum of Military Forms in Bakhchivandzhi (Moscow Region, Russia) - Expositions, Opening hours, Address, phone numbers, official website.
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Museum of military uniform, located in a small village village with the exotic name of Bakhchivandzhi, is a stunningly interesting place, certainly recommended to visit everyone who wants to learn more about the romance of wartime. The beginning of his collection was laid back in the pre-revolutionary years, under the Soviet rule, the museum referred to the Ministry of Defense, and its meeting with the impeccable military clarity was replenished with samples of the current and experimental form of domestic and foreign armies. Here you can appreciate both options for Stalin - Bona and approved, to get acquainted with the military uniforms of Russia 14-20 centuries, see what the Japanese, Germans and Cuban partisans fought, consider orders and medals from different countries and learn a lot of curious facts - for example, why forage The royal army is the only of all kinds of troops wore a headdress with a visor.
Pearl Collection - Piece Stalin, developed in 1945, - Breeded by commander-in-chief lush option and approved simple.
What to see
The collection of the museum of military form is located in two spacious halls with a total area of \u200b\u200b1700 square meters. m. Exhibits are separated by chronological and thematic principle. The History of the Russian Uniform History covers the time period from the 14th century to modernity. Here you can trace the evolution of the military form from the board of Dmitry Donskoy and Ivan Kalita, as well as hiking against Tamerlane to the first improved uniform of Peter I, who cared not only about the convenience of soldiers, but also on their appearance. You will learn what kind of troops in Peter were blue and green kaftans and to whom it was allowed to obey the cervical scarf. The exposition of the Russian form of the 19th century will introduce the famous hussar cops over the shoulder and will explain the initial practical function of the shoulder and eppul. The 20th century will present as much as 128 types of caps, intended for various regiments.
You will also recognize where the word "forage" happened and for which a hard visor was sewn.
In the hall of the Great Patriotic War, winter and summer uniforms of all kinds of Soviet troops are being exhibited, including hats, hiking household items, battle banners and standards and a complete collection of shoulders. Here you will see the standards and the form of the Pearl of the Victory Parade of 1945. The Pearl of the Pearl of Stalin, designed in the same 1945, is rejected by the Commander-in-Chief of the magnifying version and approved simple, from gray woolen cloth with a postponed collar.