Who wrote Cheburashka author. Cheburashka - Hero of books EN

Cheburashka - a character invented by the Children's writer Edward Asspensky, a cute shaggy animal with big ears, reminding whether a hare, or a bear.

No matter how ridiculous animals is Cheburashka, it loves absolutely everything - both children and adults. Indeed, not to love cute, shy and harmless animals with huge and ridiculous ears is simply impossible. Moreover, Cheburashka wants to protect and protect against dangers, and it is precisely the participation in his difficult fate, and his chief friend is engaged in a crocodile gene.

The history of Cheburashka began in 1966, it was then that Children's writer Edward Uspensky for the first time invented his hero. How exactly the writer came fantasy to create such a ridiculous beast, is unknown, but there are several versions. So, in one of them, in childhood, Uspensky had an old defective toy, which parents called "an unknown science of the Beast, who lives in hot rainforests." According to another version, the thoughts about the strange animal came to his guests from friends, the little daughter of which was walking around the house in a huge fluffy fur coat, constantly stumbling and falling. Her father commented on her fall as "again cheburahved."

No matter how, a hint that Cheburashka is a tropical beast, it still exists, because in the story of the book and cartoon it first appears in the box with oranges, which are probably from a distant tropical country.

Cheburashka called him all for the same reason the game of words - the animal could not sit quietly and all the time "Cheburavalya". The director of the store, which was acted with oranges, tried to attach a strange beast to the zoo, but did not manage to find him a place, he did not fit

what kind of animals, and therefore, as a result, the unfortunate Cheburashka got on the shelf of the store's discounted goods. By the way, it was about it in a famous song "I was once a strange toy nameless, to which no one approached the store ..."

However, in the future, fate was more favorable to Cheburashka - he met with the best friend of his life - a crocodile genoma. I must say that both the gene, which "worked in the crocodile zoo," was infinitely alone, and it was the loneliness forced him to express ads with the words "Young crocodile wants to make friends."

So a shy shaggy creature with huge ears and turned out to be on the verge of a crocodile house of the genes with the words "this is me, Cheburashka."

As a result, the gene and Cheburashka became big friends, and it was like a couple of genes and Cheburashka - Russian children of several generations learned and loved these heroes.

It is not known whether Cheburashka would have expected such a deafening success if not a very good screen image. Cartoons about Cheburashka and Genn created a talented director Roman Kachanov, the first cartoon saw the light in 1969. Leonid Schwartzman spoke by the director.

Then "Cheburashka" appeared (1971), "Shapoklyak" (1974), and later, already in 1983 - "Cheburashka goes to school."

Surprisingly, it was Cheburashka who became a very famous hero and outside of our country. So, especially he fell in love in Japan, where they not only showed Soviet cartoons, but they did their remakes, and also removed a few

bP's own projects like "Cheburashka ARERE?".

In Sweden, Cheburashka know and name Drutten, (Sv. "Drutta" - fall, stumble), and the plots of their cartoons are completely independent. In general, Cheburashka got into the cartoons of many countries - the German spectators know him as Kullerchenkhen ("Kullerchen") or Plumps ("Plumps"), in Finland, Cheburashka is called Muksis ("Muksis"), and Lithuanian children know him as Kulversteukas.

In 2008, in Moscow, the Cheburashka Museum was even opened, among the exhibits of which there are an old typewriter, on which Uspensky first created the image of this cute animal. And Cheburashka has already become the talisman of the Olympic team of the country several times.

By the way, in 2005, Edward Uspensky himself announced that the official birthday of Cheburashka - August 20.

It is known that in 2000, Edward Uspensky has repeatedly tried to defend his copyright to the image of Cheburashka, but lost several times. At the same time, Leonid Schwarzman, Leonid Schwartzman, applied to the image of Cheburashka - despite the fact that he came up with his writer, it was the image of Cheburashka, painted by Schwartzman, so loved the audience, and it was thanks to the cartoon Cheburashka became so popular.

However, what would be the charges of the creators, millions of Russian children continue to grow along with good cartoons about Cheburashka and his friends.

Infinitely charming, charmingly defenseless and good cheburashka is simply impossible not to love.

Soon the forever young Cheburashka will celebrate its 50th birthday.

The famous image of Cheburashka is created by the artist-multiplier Leonid Schwartzman.

Origin

According to the preface to the book "Crocodile Gene and his friends", Cheburashka was called the former author in childhood defective toy, depicting a strange beast: not that bear, not that hare with big ears. His eyes were big and yellow, like Filin, the head is round, hare, and the tail is short and fluffy, such that happens usually in small bears. The parents of the boy argued that it was an unknown science of the Beast, who lives in hot rainforests. Therefore, in the main text, the heroes of which are approved, as stated, Children's toys Edward Assumption, Cheburashka really is an unknown tropical animal, who climbed into the box with oranges, fell asleep there and as a result, together with a drawer got into a big city. The director of the store, in which the box was discovered, called him "Cheburashka", as the crown of the oranges the animal constantly fell (Cheburavalya):

He sat, sat, looked around, and then he took and cheburaved from the table on the chair. But on the chair, he did not come around - Cheburaved again. On the floor.
- Fu you, Cheburashka what! - said the director of the store about him, - can not sit on the spot at all!
So our animal and learned that his name is Cheburashka ...

The story and plays about Cheburashka were written by Edward Asspensky (plays - together with Roman Kachanov):

"Crocodile Gena and his friends" (1966) - Tale
"Cheburashka and his friends" (1970) - Piece (together with R. Kachanov)
"Vacation of crocodile genes" (1974) - Piece (together with R. Kachanov)
"Business Crocodile Gene" (1992) - Tale (together with I. E. Agron)
"Crocodile Gena - Militia Lieutenant"
"Cheburashka goes to the people"
"Kidnapping Cheburashka"

Based on the book by the director Roman Kachanov, four cartoons were created:

"Crocodile Gena" (1969)
"Cheburashka" (1971)
"Shapoklyak" (1974)
"Cheburashka goes to school" (1983)

After the release of the first series of cartoons, Cheburashka became very popular in the USSR. Since then, Cheburashka is the hero of many Russian jokes. In 2001, Cheburashka acquired great popularity in Japan.

At the Summer Olympic Games of 2004, the Talisman of the Russian Olympic team was chosen in Athens. At the 2006 Winter Olympics, the symbol of the Russian national team Cheburashka changed clothes to the White Winter Fur. At the Summer Olympic Games of 2008 in Beijing Cheburashka "Delivered" in Red Fur.

In the 2010 Winter Olympics, Cheburashka-Talisman became the owner of blue fur.

In the 1990s and 2000s, disputes arise around the copyright to the image of Cheburashka. They concerned the use of the image of Cheburashka in various goods, the names of kindergartens, children's pop studios and clubs (which was common practice in Soviet times), as well as the authorship of the very image of Cheburashka, who, according to Eduard Assumption, is entirely belonging to him, while His opponents argue that today the characteristic image of Cheburashka with big ears has been created by Leonid Schwartzman. In the 1990s, Edward Uspensky also acquired the rights to the Cheburashka brand, used earlier in such products as candy and children's cosmetics. The use of the name has become the subject of the writer's dispute with the Red October Confectionery factory. In particular, in February 2008, the FSUE "Filmfound of the Soyuzmultfilm film studio" (the owner of the rights to the image) expressed the intention to refer compensation for the creators of the film "The Best Movie" for the use of the image of Cheburashka without permission.

The origin of the word "Cheburashka"

The version of the defective toy, set out in the introduction to his book, the Assumption rejects, as the studied specifically for children. In an interview with Nizhny Novgorod newspaper, Edward Uspensky says:

I came to visit a friend, and his little daughter tried in a fluffy fur coat, which was dragged on the floor,<…> The girl constantly fell, stamping about the fur coat. And after another fall, her father exclaimed: "Oh, again, cheburaved!" This word crashed into my memory, I asked his meaning. It turned out that "Cheburahrbing" means "fall". So the name of my hero appeared.

In the "Sensible Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language" V. I. Dalya described as the word "Cheburahnaya" in the meaning of "fall", "fuck", "stretch" and the word "Cheburashka", defined by him in various dialects as "Bulletin , raised on the tail, "or as" Vanka-stand, a doll, who, like her, herself stands on his feet. " According to the etymological dictionary, Fasmery "Cheburakt" is formed from the words of Chubourk, Chapurok, Chebura - "Wooden ball at the end of Buretskaya Bacchev", Turkic origin. Another related word is "Chebyrka" - a fighter, at the end of which the ball on the hair.

The origin of the word "Cheburashka", in the sense of the toys-nevosha, described by Dahl, is due to the fact that many fishermen made such toys from wooden balls, which were floats for fishing networks, and also called Cheburashka.

Tamara Dmitrieva, Vladimir Kenigson, Irina Mazing, Vladimir Rautbart, Vladimir Ferapontov
Director: Roman Kachanov
Scripts: Eduard Asspensky, Roman Kachanov
Operators: Theodore Baynovich, Joseph Golomb, Vladimir Sidorov
Composers: Mikhail Ziv, Vladimir Shainsky
Artists: Leonid Schwartzman, Olga Bogolyubova
Year: 1969-1983
SERIES: 4

Cheburashka! This is a cute touching creature with radiant eyes and huge ears are known to everyone! For all the time of its existence, Cheburashka managed to become not only a character of four famous cartoons, the hero of many children's educational games, cultural and social projects, numerous parodies, but even made their way to the global level, becoming the Talisman of the Russian Olympic team.

"Crocodile Gena", "Cheburashka"

His advent of Chuburashka is obliged to Children's writer Eduard Asspensky. It was he who in 1966 wrote the first book about the adventures of this unknown science of the animal. As they say in the preface to the book itself, the name of the hero appeared thanks to the Children's toy of Assumption: not that a bear, not a hare with gigantic ears, big yellow eyes and a short tail.

The parents of the boy have fully argued that this is unexplored while the breed of a tropical animal. Therefore, in his work, Edward Uspensky described Cheburashka as an unknown tropical animal, which climbed into the box with oranges, fell asleep there and as a result he got into a large city with a drawer. The director of the store, who took oranges, gave him the name "Cheburashka", because the animals did not stand in his feet and constantly fell (Cheburavalya).

"Crocodile Gena", "Cheburashka"

And today, the image of Cheburashka, known to us, was created by a multiplier by Leonid Schwartzman. With the old woman, the Shapoklyak also turned out to be an interesting story. As you know, the word "Shapoklyak" in French, means "folding cylinder".

Therefore, initially Leonid Schupartsman painted the Shapoklyak with a young lady, in dark clothes, with a long nose and a gray hair bundle on the head. However, something lacked ... Once the artist remembered his mother's mother-in-law and launched the champion of the cheeks and surprised big eyes. Following the lace jabin, cuff and a hat - turned out to be a poured mother-in-law.

Song Cheburashka

Blue carriage

Clearovet was delighted - a wonderful old woman turned Shapoklyak! The crocodile genome was easier. Yet crocodile, as they say - and in Africa crocodile. By the way, upon closer examination, scientists recognized in the image of the crocodile the genes not a crocodile at all, and ... Alligator!

"Crocodile Gena", "Cheburashka"

Do you know what? The first cartoon "Crocodile Gena" editorial board "Soyuzmultfilm", which was associated with the KGB rejected. In the construction of the house of friends, she saw an analogy with the construction of the CEV and the cartoon awarded the third, the lowest category of rental. As a result, the creative group of multipliers did not receive a single award for the picture, and the film itself was not recommended for wide rolled steel.

When presenting the second cartoon - "Cheburashka" editorial board again prone Kramol. This series, in their opinion, "Perepered Pioneer Organization". I had to director of the picture of Roman Kachanov urgently inserting a replica in the cartoon: "In the pioneers take the best."

Despite the fact that after the release of the first cartoon about Cheburashka, the character became very popular among the Soviet people, the cartoon tried to ban.

"Crocodile Gena", "Cheburashka"

One of the newspapers came out with the "implanting" article, whose title was reading: "Who will adopt Cheburashka?" It was popularly explained that Cheburashka is a sleepwear who has no homeland!

Yes, and the crocodile, the gene is also not a sample to imitate, he sees looking for friends on ads, and everyone knows that the Soviet person is looking for them in the team! Cheburashka is very loved not only with us, but also in Japan. Still, because he looks like a typical Japanese hero: huge eyes, little mouth. The Japanese is affectionately called his "Russian miracle" of Chebi.

In addition, the crocodile song of the genes was also translated into Finnish, as well as English, Swedish, German, Bulgarian, Polish and other languages. Cartoons Roman Kachanova "Crocodile Gena", "Cheburashka" and "Shapoklyak" at different times went on the screens of each of these countries. At the Summer Olympic Games of 2004, the Talisman of the Russian Olympic team was chosen in Athens.

At the 2006 Winter Olympics, the symbol of the Russian national team Cheburashka changed clothes to the White Winter Fur. At the Summer Olympic Games of 2008 in Beijing Cheburashka "Delivered" in Red Fur. In the 2010 Winter Olympics, Cheburashka-Talisman became the owner of blue fur.

Lithuanian kids are called Cheburashka - Kulversteukas, and Swedish - Drutten. That is how the name of the hero is translated into their native languages. In 2005, in connection with the holding of a charitable action for children-orphans "Birthday of Cheburashka", Edward Nikolayevich Uspensky announced that the birthday of Cheburashka was considered on August 20.

According to the sensible dictionary of Vladimir Daly, the word "Cheburashka" marked "the doll, the Vanka-stand, who he himself got up on his feet, as he was not thrown." The verbs "Cheburach" and "Cheburane" were used in the meaning "throw, throw, knock on the thunder, rumble, slap".

Thanks to the efforts of the artist, Leonid Aronovich Schwartzman, Cheburashka became one of the most favorite cartoon heroes of the USSR. "In the process of creating a film, the tail dropped. At the animated cheburashka eyes like a human child. He had big ears, framing around the lyrics. And, of course, there was no charm, which in the drawings there are no other artists," Schwarzman notes.

The word "Cheburashka" exists for quite a long time, and invented him, contrary to the appropriate opinion, not writer Edward Uspensky. In the "explanatory dictionary of the Living Great Russian", compiled by V.I. Dalem, it is reported that "Cheburashka is an old toy, doll, Vanka-stand, which, like a throw, still stands on his feet."

Another scientist - lexicographer S.I. Ohzhegov in his "Russian dictionary dictionary" cites two words used in the surprise - Chebrahcheut and cheburashch, close to the meaning "throw, fall or hit with noise."

It is known that in the old circus clown-acrobats called Cheburashi. In order to set the spectators, they cheburashaded in the arena, i.e. With a squeal, screams fell into sawdust and floundered in them, trying to know the public with laughter.

The writer who left us on August 14 called the birthday of all his beloved eared animal on August 20, 1966, the day when the book "Crocodile Gena and his friends" came out

It happened that Eduard Nikolaevich before the holiday Cheburashka. But, on the current tradition, the birthday will still be celebrated and of course, remember how Cheburashka "appeared on the light."

Unknown science view

As soon as they do not name our Cheburashka abroad! Dutten, MUXIS, PLUMS., Kulleriechen, TopPL, Kulvertuks... Where did his initial name come from? Edward Uspensky She told a pretty story that the little daughter of his friend fell constantly, coming to the edge of Mamina's fur coats, which was floating, playing.

When she risked once again, Dad said: "Oh. Again, cheburahved. " As the writer later recognized, Cheburahrgan - it means "fall", "bud", "rumble". The word was liked by the writer, and he applied him, inventing one of the most famous cartoon names.

But in the preface to Children's book, Assumption said that Cheburashka called one of his children's toys. The toy was defective and represented an ugly animal of an unknown science of the species. Yellow owl eyes, big ears, a little tail - nor a bear nor the hare, it is not clear who.

When the child asked who it was and where it lives, he was told a fairy tale that it lives in the tropical jungle, it feeds on oranges and his name is his Cheburashka.

Interestingly, in the 1965 issue of the release, Cheburashka is not at all similar to that we know the cartoon. And created all of us a familiar image Leonid Schwartzman.

The word "Cheburashka" is in the dictionary Daly. There, one of the meanings is a doll-nevashka that gets up "on his feet" from any position. But Cheburashka got a name when did it all on the contrary: as it was neither planted, he fell all the time, Cheburauhal, swaying with oranges and falling asleep. From the table on the chair, from the chair - on the floor.

Cheburashka walks on the planet

Especially loved by a funny animal in Japan. When Cheburashka appeared on Japanese televishes in 2001, the doll industry of the country survived the production boom. Cheburashka images were everywhere: on bags, bags, clothes, packaging with milk.

In the form of Cheburashka produced chocolate and served restaurant dishes. It turned out to be the fact that the figurines of Cheburashka put on the house "for good luck" on a par with traditional sculptures from Japanese mythology - dragons and kitsune.

In the new series "Cheburashka" Japanese crocodile Gena Reads Japanese baces and is considered to be a Russian intellectual. And in 2009, a whole series "What for Cheburashka?", Consisting of 26 three-minute episodes.