Cryanonians. Ancient man Cryanonets - characteristic of lifestyle, tools, interesting facts with photos and videos about 40 thousand years ago, Cryanonets appeared

Cryanonians (Fig. 1) is the immediate ancestors of modern people. This species, on the assumption of scientists, appeared more than 130 thousand years ago. The findings of archaeologists indicate that Kromanonians lived more than 10 thousand years in the neighborhood with another kind of people - Neanderthals. In fact, CroNews do not have external differences with modern people. There is another definition of the term "Cryanonets". In a narrow sense, this is a representative of the human race, who lived in the territory of modern France, they received his name at the place, in which the researchers first discovered a large number of remains of ancient people - the Gorge of Cro-Manon. But more often, Crohanyonians call all the ancient inhabitants of the planet. In the period of the upper Paleolithic, this species dominated, for the most part of the sushi surface, for a low exception - in places where Neanderthal communities remained.

Fig. 1 - Krohanyonets

Origin

One of the opinion about how view "Cryanonian" In the environment, anthropologists and historians are not. Chief two main theories are dominated. Most of the scientists believe that this species appeared in the eastern part of Africa, and then through the Arabian Peninsula spread throughout Eurasia. The adherents of this theory believe that Cryanonians later divided into 2 main groups:

1. The ancestors of modern Hindus and Arabs.
2. The ancestors of all modern mongoloid peoples.

As for Europeans, on this theory - they are representatives of the first group that migrated about 45 thousand years ago. Archaeologists have found a huge amount of evidence in favor of this theory, but still the number of scientists who adhere to an alternative point of view will not decrease over the years.

In recent times, more and more evidence appears, the second version. Scientists, adherents of this theory, consider Kromanonians - these are modern European phones and do not refer to this type of innochoids and the Mongoloids. A number of scientists insist that the first Kromanon was appeared on the territory of modern Ethiopia, and his descendants were burned off North of Africa, the entire Middle East, Malaya Asia, most of Central Asia, the Industan Peninsula and the All Europe. They insist that Kroanonians migrated more than 100 thousand years ago, and only small part of them remained on the territory of modern Egypt. Next, they continued the development of new lands, to France and the British islands ancient people got to the X century BC, passing through the Caucasian Ridge, crushing through Don, Dnipro, Danube.

Culture

Ancient man Cryanonets He began to live fairly large groups, which was not observed in Neanderthal. Often the communities numbered 100 or more individuals. Cryanonians, inhabiting Eastern Europe, sometimes lived in dugouts, such a dwelling was the "discovery" of the time. Caves and tents were more comfortable and spacious in comparison with similar types of homeland Neanderthal. The ability to digestly talk to me, helped them better understand each other, they actively cooperated if some of them needed help.

Cryanonians became more skilled hunters and fishermen, these people first began to apply the "Padon" method, when a large beast was drunk in a pre-prepared trap, and there was an inevitable death. The first similarities of fishing networks were also invented by Cromanons. They began to master the blanking fishery, dried mushrooms, reserved berries. It was also a hunt for birds, for this they used sinks and loops, while often ancient people did not kill animals, but were left alive, the primitive cells for the feathers were constructed and admired them.

The first ancient artists who painted the walls of the walls of the caves began to appear among the Crohanmonians. You can see the work of the ancient masters, in our time, for example, in France, a few creations of ancient masters have been preserved in France in the Mont Hay cave. But not only painting developed, Crohanyonians sculpt the first sculptures from stone and clay, engaged in engraving on the bezles of mammoths. Very often, the ancient sculptors sculpting naked women, it was that like a cult, in those days in a woman was not valued by no harmony - ancient sculptors sculpting women with magnificent forms. And also sculptors and artists of antiquity often portrayed animals: horses, bears, mammoths, bison.

Dead tribesmen, Kroanonians buried. In many ways, modern rituals resemble the rituals of those years. People were also gathered, also cried. The dead man was dressed in the best skin, put decorations for him, food, guns, which he enjoyed during his lifetime. The dead man was buried in the "Embry" pose.

Fig. 2 - skeleton of Cryanon

Racing in development

Cromanons developed more actively than the Neanderthals assimilated by them and the general ancestors of both types of pytecanthropes. Moreover, they developed in many areas, a huge number of achievements was made by this species. Cause of so intensive development - brain Krohanyonca. Before the child, this species, was not born, the development of his brain completely coincided with the intrauterine development of the Neanderthal brain. But after birth, the baby's brain developed differently - the active formation of a dark part and cerebelchkova was activated. Neanderthal's brain after childbirth developed in the same areas as in chimpanzees. Communities of therigonians were much more organized than the Neanderthal community, they began to explore the oral speech, while Neanderthals did not have learned to speak. Development went with an incredible pace the tools of Labor Cryanonian - These are knives, hammers and other tools, some of which is still applied, as they, in fact, have not yet been found alternatives. Cryanonets actively adapted to weather factors, their dwellings began to remotely resemble modern houses. These people created social circles, built a hierarchy in groups, distributed social roles. Cryanonians began to realize themselves, think about, reasoning, actively explore and experiment.

The emergence of speech at Kroanonians

Just as there is no unity among scientists in the question of the occurrence of Cryanon, and there is no place for another question - "How did you know about the first reasonable people?".

Psychologists have their own opinion on this. They argue, having an impressive evidence base that Kromanonians adopted the experience of Neanderthals and Peteitronts, who had some kind of self-parting communication.

Linguists have a certain sense (generatist) also exist, supported by facts, theory. However, it is impossible to say that only the generatists support this theory, many prominent scientists on their side. These science figures believe that there was no inheritance from previous species, and the appearance of a self-consistent speech is the result of some brain mutation. Generatistists, trying to get to the truth and find confirmation of their theory, are looking for the origins of the protibist - the first human language. While the disputes do not subscribe, and not one of the parties have no exhaustive evidence of their rightness.

Differences between Neanderthal and Cryanonian

Cryanonians and Neanderthals are not such close species, moreover, they did not have a single ancestor. These are two types, between which there was competition, clashes, and possibly local or universal confrontation. They could not not compete, as they divided one niche and lived nearby. Differences between two species a lot:

• constitution of body, size and physiological structure;
• skull volume, brain cognitive abilities;
• social Organizations;
• the overall level of development.

Studies conducted by scientists have shown that there is a significant difference in DNA in these two species. As for nutrition, there is also differences here, these two species fed in different way, summarizing, it can be said that Kromanonians ate all that Neanderthals were fed and plus to this plant food. Interesting the fact that the NEnderthal's body did not assimilate milk, and the basis of the ration of Neanderthals was the meat of dead animals (Padal). Cryanonians are only in rare cases, in cases of lack of other options, they fed on the desoge.

Fig. 3 - Skull Cromanon

In a scientific environment, disputes do not cease about whether these two types could cross each other. There are a large number of evidence that they could. For example, it is impossible to exclude the fact that in the structure and constitution of the body of some modern people, sometimes the echoes of the genes of Neanderthals are traced. Two kinds lived in close proximity, mating, definitely, could take place. But scientists claiming that the Kromanonians assimilated Neanderthals, other scientists are opposed in disputes, among which there are well-known personalities. They claim that after the interspecific crossing, the fertile offspring could not be born, that is, for example, a female person (Cryanonets) could become pregnant from Neanderthal, could even make fruit. But the baby born was weak to survive and even more so give life to his own offspring. These conclusions are supported by genetic studies.

Differences between Crogenon and Modern Man

There is both insignificant and significant differences between the modern man and his ancestor of Crogenon. For example, it was found that the average brain volume of the representative of an earlier subspecies of people was a little more. This, in theory, should indicate that theroscianonians were smarter, their intelligence was more developed. This hypothesis supports a minor part of scientists of husbands. After all, not always a larger volume guarantees the best quality. In addition to the size of the brain there are other differences that do not cause sharp disputes. It has been proven that the ancestor possessed more thick vegetation on the body. There is a difference in growth, it is noted that with time and evolution, people have become higher. The average growth of two subspecies differs significantly. Not only growth, but also the weight of Krohanon was less. In those days, there were no giants weighing 150 kilograms, and all due to the fact that people could not always provide themselves with food, even in the necessary volumes. Ancient people did not live for a long time, the man who lived to 30 years old was considered an old man, and the cases when a man was experiencing a 45-year-old frontier, meaningless. There is an assumption that Kromanonians have vision better, in particular, they saw well in the dark, but these theories are not yet confirmed.

Cryanonians are the total name of the ancestors of people who existed 40-10 thousand years ago (). Cryanonians are a sharp jump in the development of the evolution of a person who has become decisive not only in the survival of the kind of people, but also in the formation of a man of reasonable (Homo Sapiens).

Cryanonians appeared much later, about 40-50 thousand years ago. According to some estimates, the earliest Comanons could exist more than 100 thousand years ago. Neanderthals and Cryanonians are a variety of people (homo).

Neanderthals allegedly appeared from a person who, in turn, was a variety of man of his sparkler (), and were no ancestors of people. Crohanyonians occurred from the person spinning and are direct ancestors of a modern man. The name "Cryanonets" refers to the discovery of several skeletons of people with the tools of the late Paleolithic in the rocky grotto Cro-Manon, France. Later, the remains of Cryanons and their cultures were found in many parts of the world - in the UK, the Czech Republic, Serbia, Romania, Russia.

Scientists offer different versions of the appearance and spread of Cryanons - the ancestors of people. Judging by the same version, the first representatives of the ancestors of people with the Cromanone type of development (the type of man of the spinning) appeared in East Africa, another 130-180 thousand years ago. Approximately 50-60 thousand years ago, Cryanonians began to migrate from Africa to Eurasia. Initially, one group settled the coast of the Indian Ocean, and the second settled in the steppes of Central Asia. A little later, migration to Europe began, which was settled by Cryanonians about 20 thousand years ago. There are also other versions about the spread of Cryanons.

Cromanons had a huge advantage over the Neanderthals existing in Europe. Although Neanderthals were more adapted to the northern conditions, they were more powerful and stronger, they could not stand in front of Crohanyonians. Direct ancestors of people were carriers of such a high culture for the time that Neanderthals clearly inferior to them in development, although, according to some studies, the Neanderthal brain was more, he knew how to create tools and hunting, used fire, created clothes and dwellings, knew how to make decorations , possessed speech and so on. Kroanonets by that time has already made enough complex decorations of stone, horns and bones, as well as rock paintings. Commagenones came up with human settlements for the first time, lived by communities (generic communities), which included up to 100 people. As a dwelling in different parts of the world, Comanoons used caves, tents of animal skins, dugouts, houses from stone slabs. Cryanonians created clothing from the skins, made more modern, compared to the ancestors and Neanderthals, tools and hunting. Also, Cryanonians first tamed the dog.

As researchers, who arrived in Europe, migrant Kromanons met here with Neanderthals who have already mastered the best territories long before them, settled the most comfortable caves, settled in favorable territories near the rivers or in places where many mining. Probably, B, Cryanonians who have had a higher development, simply destroyed Neanderthals. Archaeologists find in the parking lots of the Bones of Neanderthals, who have obvious traces of their eating, that is, Neanderthals not only exterminated, but also eaten. There is also a version that the Neanderthals were destroyed only by part, the rest were able to assimilate with Krohanyonians.

Finds of therigonians clearly indicate the existence of their religious representations. Religious primitives are also observed in Neanderthals, but many scientists express big doubts about this. Cromanontians have cult rituals trace very clearly. The ancestors of people already dozens of millennia ago, they carried out complex funeral rites, buried their relatives in a bent position in the embryo pose (belief in the resettlement of the soul, rebirth), decorated with died various products, placed household objects in the grave, food (faith in the posthumous life of the soul, at which She will need the same things as in the earthly life - plates, food, weapons, etc.).

Where did the world understand so clear to us, how could it be combined with a completely different world of Neanderthal? Many biological features of the oldest upperopealytic people suggest that they came to Europe from tropical regions.

Long limbs, high growth, elongated body proportions, large jaws, elongated brain box are similar to modern tropical populations and Cryanonians. The latter differ only in large sizes of bones, severe skull relief, more coarse features. But, if Comanonians were aliens, then where did they come from? How did they interact with the aborigines - Neanderthals? According to the most reasonable version, the modern kind of person has formed in Africa between 200-160-100 and 45 thousand years ago. Between 80 and 45 thousand years ago, a limited number of people came out of East Africa in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Bab el-Mantlesky Strait or, less likely, Suez Isthmus. They began to settle first on the southern banks of Eurasia - right up to Australia, and after north, in the region, populated by Neanderthals, whose possible fate is said above.

From the era of the Upper Paleolithic to modernity, evolutionary changes did not have time to accumulate in sufficient quantities (often they say that the biological evolution with the advent of the modern type of person has ceased, giving way to social, but the facts talk about the continuation of biological evolution and in our days, simply time scale is not enough to appear significant changes in morphology). From this time, the differences between groups of populations is customary to be called racial. They are dedicated to a separate section of anthropology - omission (see

Cryanonians are early representatives of a modern person. It must be said that these people lived later Neanderthals and stood up almost the entire territory of modern Europe. Under the name "Cryanonians" can be understood only those people who were found in the grotto Cro-Manon. These people lived 30 thousand years ago and were like a modern man.

Common Communion of Creemoon

Croineonians were very developed, and it must be said that their skills, skills, achievements and changes in the social organization of life many times exceeded Neanderthals and Peteitronts, and together combined. It is C and Associates Cryanonets. These people helped make them a big step forward in their development and achievements. Due to the fact that they were able to inherit from their ancestors an active brain, their achievements were manifested in aesthetics, technology of manufacturing tools of labor, communication, etc.

origin of name

Associates with a man reasonable, the number of changes in which was very large, it was Kromanonets. The lifestyle of these was different from the lifestyle of their ancestors.

It is worth saying that the name "Cryanonets" occurred from the rock grotto Kro-Manon, who was in France. In 1868, Louis Lartage found several skeletons of people in this territory, as well as the guns of the late Paleolithic. Later he described them, after which it was found that these people existed about 30,000 years ago.

Building Cryanonian

Compared to Neanderthal, Kromanons had less massive skeleton. The growth of early person reached 180-190 cm.

Their forehead was more straight and smooth than the Neanderthals. It is also worth noting that the skull of Cromanons had a high and rounded arch. The chin of these people was a speaker, a socket - angular, and the nose is rounded.

Crokenonians have a straight gait formed. Scientists assure that their physique has practically not distinguished from the physique of modern people. And this is already talking about many.

Very similar to modern man was Kromanonets. The lifestyle of the early representatives of a person was quite interesting and unusual compared to their ancestors. Cryanonians put a huge amount of effort in order to be as much as possible on a modern person.

Early representatives of man - Cryanonians. Who are Kromanonians? Lifestyle, housing and clothing

About who such Kromanonians know not only adults, but also children. Features of their stay on earth We are studying still at school. It must be said that the first representative of the person who created the settlement was exactly Kromanonets. The lifestyle of these people was distinguished from Neanderthal. Cryanonians were going to the communities that had to 100 people. They lived in the caves, as well as tents of the skins. In Eastern Europe, there were representatives who lived in dugouts. It is important that their speech was a directed. Clothes of Cromanons were skins.

How did Kromanonian hunted? Lifestyle, the tools of labor of the early representative of the person

It must be said that Kromanonians succeeded not only in the development of social life, but also in the hunt. The clause "Features of the Lifestyle of Cromanons" can include an improved method of hunting - corrugated fishing. Early person representatives mined northern, as well as mammoths, etc. It was Kromanonians who could make special kophetalki, which could fly to 137 meters. Garpuna and hooks for fishing were also a cannon guns. They created forces - devices for bird hunting.

Primitive art

It is important that it is the Cromanonians who became the creators of the European on this testify primarily multicolored painting in the caves. Cryanonians painted in them on the walls, as well as ceilings. Confirmation that these people were the creators of primitive art, are engraving on stones and bones, ornament, etc.

All this testifies to how interesting and amazing was the life of Cryanons. Their lifestyle has become the subject of admiration even in our time. It should be noted that Cryanonians made a huge step forward, which significantly brought them to a modern person.

Break rites Kromanontsev

It is worth noting that the early representatives of a person have existed funeral rites. Kromanonians had to put into the grave to the departed various decorations, household items, and even food. They sprinkled on the hair of the dead handed the grid, on the hands - bracelets, and on the face put flat stones. It is also worth noting that Cryanonians buried the departed in a bent state, that is, their knees were to touch the chin.

Recall that Cryanonians were the first to domesticated the animal - a dog.

One of the versions of the origin of Cryanonians

It must be said that there are several versions of the origin of the early representatives of a person. The most common of them says that Cryanonians were the ancestors of all modern people. According to such the theory, these people appeared in East Africa about 100-200 thousand years ago. It is believed that Kroanonians were migrated 50-60 thousand years ago on the Arabian Peninsula, after which they appeared in Eurasia. According to this, one group of early representatives of a person quickly settled the entire coast of the Indian Ocean, while the second - migrated in the steppe of Central Asia. According to numerous data, it can be seen that 20 thousand years ago, Europe has already been settled by Crunelonians.

Until now, many admire the lifestyle of Cryanonians. You can briefly about these early representatives of a person, it is possible that they were as much as possible on a modern person, because they improved their skills and skills, developed and learned a lot of new things. Cryanonians have made a huge contribution to the history of human development, because they made a huge step towards major achievements.

Introduction 3.

1. Characteristics of Kromanonian settlement 4

2. The lifestyle of Cryanonians 9

Conclusion 28.

References 29.

Introduction

The origin of the person and the subsequent merged is quite mysterious. Nevertheless, the scientific discoveries of the two past centuries helped somewhat open the veil over the secret. Currently, it is firmly established that two types of people in a conditionally called "prehistoric" era - Homo Neanderthalensis (Neanderthal's Homo) and Homo Cromagnonis, who is also called Homo Sapiens-Sapiens (Cromanonian man or a reasonable man). The Neanderthalian man was first discovered in 1857 in the Nedander Valley near Dusseldorf. Cromanonian man - in 1868 in the grotto Cro-Manon in the French province of Dordogne. Since the first discoveries of the two types of ancient people, there were still numerous findings, which gave new material for scientific developments.

Preliminary conclusions from scientific discoveries. Judging by the main anthropometric characteristics and genetic analysis, the Cromanonian man is almost identical to the modern type of Homo Sapiens-Sapiens and, as it is believed, is the immediate ancestor of the European-like race.

This work is intended to give the overall characteristics of the lifestyle of Cryanonians.

For this, the following tasks are set:

To give the characteristic of the settlement of therigonians.

Consider the lifestyle of Cryanonians.

The work consists of introduction, two chapters, conclusion and literature.

Characteristic of the settlement of Cryanontsev

To 30 thousand BC e. Crogenian groups have already begun movement to the East and North in search of new hunting lands. To 20 thousand BC e. The relocation to Europe and Asia has reached such scales as in re-mastered areas the amount of game began to gradually decline.

People desperately sought new power sources. Under pressure from circumstances, our distant ancestors could once again become omnivorous, using both plant and animal food. It is known that it was then for the first time in search of food, people appealed to the sea.

Kroanonians became more inventive and creative, created more complex dwellings and clothing. The innovations allowed the groups of Cryanonians hunts new types of game in the northern regions. To 10 thousand to n. e. Cryanonians spread through all the continents, with the exception of Antarctica. Australia was settled 40 - 30 thousand years ago. After 5-15 thousand years of the Hunters Group crossed the Bering Strait, hitting Asia to America. These late and more complex communities hunted primarily on large animals. Methods of hunting of Cryanonians gradually improved, as evidenced by a large number of animal bones discovered by archaeologists. In particular, the remains of more than 10,000 horses were found in Solutre, the place in France. In the Dolni Westonich in the Czech Republic, the archeology was excavated by a large number of bones of mammoths. According to a number of archaeologists, from the moment of resettlement of people in America, which occurred about 15 thousand years ago, in less than one millennium, most of the animal of North and South America was destroyed. The ease with which the Aztec civilization was defeated by Spanish Conquistadors, is explained by the horror that covered hiking Aztec soldiers at the sight of horse warriors. Aztecs never seen horses before: even in the period of early relocation from North to Central America, their ancestors were destroyed by all wild horses who lived in American prairies. They did not even assume that these animals can be used not only as a source of food.

Kroanontsev's resettlement around the globe got the name of the "period of unconditional success of humanity." The effect of a carnivorous lifestyle on the development of a person turned out to be very significant. The resettlement of the most ancient peoples in the region with a more moderate climate stimulated genetic changes. Migrants had lighter skin, less massive bone structure and more straight hair. The skeleton, especially the Caucasian nationalities, was formed slowly, and their bright skin was more resistant to frost than the dark. Lighter skin also better absorbed vitamin D, vital with a shortage of sunlight (in areas where the days are shorter, and the night is longer).

By the time, a man of modern type was finally formed, the huge geographical spaces of the Earth were mastered. They were settled by the archantrops and paleoanthrops, so Kromanonans remained to master only two empty mainland - America and Australia. True, in relation to Australia, the question remains open. It is possible that it settled still with Paleoanthrops, which contributed to the formation of the Australian Neoantroph. The most ancient skull on the territory of Australia is found in the area of \u200b\u200bOz. Mungo, 900 km west of Sydney. The antiquity of this skull is 27-35 thousand years. Obviously, by this time and the beginning of the settlement of Australia should be attributed. Although there is no hopeless roller on the mungo skull, he is very archaic - he has a sloping forehead and sharp burning bone. Perhaps the Skull from MunGo represents a local version of Paleoanthrop, and there is no reason to deny his participation in the further formation of Homo Sapiens on the Australian continent.

As for America, from time to time there are information about the find of very ancient skeletons on its territory, but all these findings include morphologically to Homo Sapiens. Thus, scientists argue about the time of settlement of the American mainland, but one is that America was settled by a man of modern type. Most likely, the settlement of the American continent occurred approximately 25-20 thousand years ago along the Beringomorsky Isthmus, which existed at the time at the place of the current Bering Strait.

Cryanonets lived at the end of the ice age, or rather, at the end of the Vurm glaciation. Warming and cooling replaced each other quite often (of course, on the scale of geological time), and the glaciers were retreating, then they fell. If at that time the surface of the earth could be observed from the spacecraft, it would resemble the multicolored surface of a colossal soap bubble. Scroll through this period so that the millennia is laid in minutes, and silver-white ice fields will crawl forward, accurately spilled mercury, but they will immediately drop back the deploying carpet of green vegetation. The coastal lines will be glittered, just pennants in the wind, because the blue of the ocean will be expanding, then narrowed. The islands will get up from this blue and disappear in it again, as if the stones on which the streams are passing, and natural dams and dams are observed, forming new ways to resettle a person. According to one of these ancient ways, Kromanonets went out of the current China to the north, in the cold expanses of Siberia. And from there, he probably passed a halter through Beringi, to North America. one

For many generations, people gradually moved to North of Asia. They could go in two ways - from the depths of Asian mainland, from the territory of the current Siberia, and by the Pacific coast, the rich Asian mainland from the east. Obviously, there were several waves of "immigrants" from Asia to America. The earliest of them moved along the coast, and their origin is associated with the areas of Eastern and Southeast Asia. Later Asian migrants moved from the deplished areas of the Asian continent.

In America, people met the harsh expanses of Greenland, sharply the continental climate of North America, the tropical forests of the South American continent and the cold winds of the fiery ground. Hugging new areas, a person has adapted to new conditions, and as a result, local anthropological options were formed. 2.

The density of the population in the Kroanon era was small - only 0.01-0.5 people per 1 square meter. km, the number of groups amounted to about 25-30 people. The entire population of the Earth of the time is estimated from several tens of thousands to half a million people. The territory of Western Europe was somewhat densely. Here, the density of the population was about 10 people per 1 km, and the entire population of Europe during habitat there was about 50 thousand people.

It would seem that the population density was very low, and human populations should not have come into competition for sources of food and water. However, in those days, a person lived with hunting and gathering, and in the orbit of his "life interests" included huge territories, according to which the herds of ungulates were nomadic - the main object of the hunt of an ancient man. The need to preserve and multiply their hunting land forced a person to move further and further, not yet populated areas of the planet.

The more perfect technique of the Kroanon man made it available to those sources of food that were unfamiliar to its predecessors. Hunting tools were improved, and this expanded the possibilities of Cryanonian in the hunt for new types of cottages. People received new sources of energy with meat food. Feeding by nomadic herbivores, migrating birds, marine lastonods and fish, a person, together with their meat, received access to the food resources of a very wide range.

Even great opportunities opened the use of wild grain grains for Cryanonian person. In the north of Africa, in the upper course of the Nile, 17 thousand years ago, people lived, in the nutrition of which, apparently, cereals played a significant role. Stone sickles and primitive grains are preserved, - limestone plates with a shallow excavation in the middle for grain and deepening in the form of a wide gutter, which is probably a membered flour. Obviously, these people have already made bread - in the form of simple fresh pellets baked on hot stones.

Thus, the Cromanon man fed is much better than its predecessors. It could not not affect the state of his health and on the total life expectancy. If for Neanderthal, the average life expectancy was about 25 years, then for the Cromanon man, it increased to 30-35 years, remaining at this level until the Middle Ages.

The domination of Cryanonians was the cause of their own crash. They fell victim to their own success. Overpolenity soon led to the depletion of the areas of hunting. Long before this herd of large animals in densely populated areas were almost completely destroyed. As a result, rivalry arose for limited power supplies. The rivalry in turn led to war, and war - to subsequent relocation.

The lifestyle of Cromanontsev

For modern researchers, a technological coup in the processing of stone is presented to the brightest distinction of Crogenon culture. The meaning of this coup was in a much more rational use of stone raw materials. His economical use was of fundamental importance for an ancient person, since it made it not to depend on the natural sources of silica, carrying a small supply with them. If you compare the total length of the working edge of the product that a person from one kilogram of silica, it is possible to make sure how more it is at the Kroanon master compared to Neanderthal and Archantrop. The oldest kilogram of silica could produce only 10 to 45 cm of the working edge of the gun, the Neanderthal culture made it possible to receive 220 cm of the working edge from the same amount of silica. As for Cromanone, his technology was many times more efficient - he received 25 M of the working edge from a kilogram of Kilm.

The secret of Cryanonian was the appearance of a new method of processing silica - the method of knife-shaped plates. The essence was that from the main piece of silica - nucleus - long and narrow plates were filled out, of which a variety of guns were then manufactured. The nucleus themselves had a prismatic shape with a flat top face. The plates were filled with an accurate blow on the edge of the upper face of the nucleus, or pressed with bone or horny squeezes. The length of the plates was equal to the length of the nucleus - 25-30 cm, and the thickness of them was several millimeters. 3.

The method of knife-shaped plates was probably a big help for hunters sent to multi-day expeditions in the area where not only silica were almost met, but also other fine-grained rocks. They could take with them the supply of nucleus or plates to make it was to replace the tips of the copies, crushed with the unsuccessful throw or the animal remaining in the wound, which was able to escape. And the edges of flint knives, which cut joints and tendons, were rushed and blot. Thanks to the method of knife-shaped plates, new guns could be made immediately in place.

The second important achievement of the Cromanone was the development of new materials - bones and horns. These materials are sometimes called plastics of the Stone Age. They are durable, plastic and deprived of such a lack of fragility, characteristic of wood products. Obviously, an important role was played by the aesthetic attractiveness of bone products, of which beads, decorations and figurines were manufactured. In addition, the source of these materials was practically inexhaustible - these were the bones of the same animals on which the Cromanonian man hunted.

The ratio of stone and bone tools immediately distinguishes the inventory of the Neanderthal and Cryanone Parking. Neanderthals per thousand stone weapons account for 25 bone products at best. On the parking lots of Krojnonians, the bone and flint are equally represented, or even bone guns prevail.

With the advent of bone needles, sewed and seeling appeared fundamentally new opportunities in the processing of the skins and in the manufacture of clothes. Large animal bones also served as a building material for the housing of the ancient hunters and fuel for foci. four

Kroanonets no longer depended on the natural shelters of the type of caves and rock canopies. He built a dwelling where he was needed, and it created additional opportunities for long-range migrations and mastering new lands.

The third achievement of Cryanonians was the invention of fundamentally new tools of hunting, unknown to its predecessors. These include, above all, onions and kopemetalka. The kophetalki increased the range of copies of the ancient hunters, almost three times increasing the range of their flight and the strength of impact, and played a big role in the life of ancient hunters. They were made, as a rule, from deer horns, decorated with carved figures and patterns and were often real works of art.

However, the Copsetalka assumed the hunt for open spaces, where it was easy to move the prey and where the hunter himself remained unprotected before the wounded beast. The invention of Luke made it possible to hunt from the shelter, besides, the arrow flew further and faster than a spear.

No less important for Crokenonian man were and fisher fishing devices and a fish cruise, which is an analogue of a fishing hook. In South Africa, archaeologists found small cylindrical stones with grooves, which could be used as loaded for fishing networks.

Further progressive development of culture in the upper Paleolithic was primarily expressed in improving the methods of their manufacture. The finish of the guns became more perfect, as the retouching technique is now improving. Pushing with the end of an elastic bone chopstick or a silica squeeze on the edge of a stone, a man quickly and cleverly scared (as it was comprehensible) one for another long and narrow flakes of silica. A new technique of manufacturing plates appears. Previously, the plates were cleaned from the disc-nucleus. Such a nucleus was essentially a simple rounded pebbles, with which the deduction was filmed by turning it around with the edges to the center. Now the plates were cleaned with prismatic in their form of nucleus.

Accordingly, the direction of the strikes, which were separated by the plates. These strikes have now been applied no longer, not obliquely, and vertically, from one end of the nucleus to another. The narrow and long plates of the new type obtained from prismatic nucleus are allowed to change dramatically and expand the range of small stone tools, which were required in conditions of incomparably more developed than before, the lifeguard: scrapers of various kinds, edge, picker, various cutting tools. For the first time, silica tools appear, the working edges of which in principle are decorated in the same way as modern steel incisors. This is usually a massive cutting of the edge formed converging under the acute angle of chipping planes. Such a silica cutter could be easier to cut the tree, bone and horn, to dive into them deep grooves and make cuts, consistently removing one chips after another.

In Upper Paleolitis, a variety of bone tips of copies and throwing weapons appear for the first time, including composite harpins with teeth. When excavations, Meyendorf, Hamburg (Germany), found harpins and spans of deer, punched with such harpunas.

An invention was the most important event in the development of hunting weapons. The invention was the invention of the first mechanical device for throwing darts - kophetalki (throwing board), which represents a rod with a crochet at the end. Extending the scope of the hand, the kopemetalka has thus increased the strength of the strike and the distance of the dart flight.

A variety of stone weapons appeared for the separation of carcasses and processing the skins of the extracted animals, for the manufacture of wooden and bone products.

In the upper Paleolithic, the lifestyle of people is significantly complicated, the system of primitive community develops. Separate groups of Neanderthal were, in all likelihood, alien and even hostile to each other. Exogamia should have tremendous importance for rapprochement of different groups, i.e., the ban on marriage relations inside the genus and the establishment of a constant marriage between representatives of various kinds. The establishment of exogamia as a social institution, indicating the growing development and complication of public relations, can be attributed to upper-paralyolithic time.

Increasing the performance of hunting in Upper Paleolithic contributed to an even more clear division of labor between men and women. Some were constantly engaged in hunting, others, with a developing relative settling (due to the same greater performance of hunting), spent more time on the parking lots, leading an all complicated group farm. Women in conditions of more or less saddled life made clothes, various utensils, collected edible and technical plants, such as used for weaving, prepared food. It is also extremely important that women were hostesses in public housing, while their husbands were here aliens.

Under the domination of a group marriage characteristic of such a stage, when the father is definitely unknown, children, of course, belonged to women, which strengthened a social role and influence on the social matters of a woman's female.

All this served as the basis for the new form of the primitive community relationship - the motherly generic community.

Direct instructions for maternal registration at this time are, on the one hand, community dwellings, and on the other hand, widely commonly common images of women in which the images of women who are known as Folklore can be seen, for example, in Eskimos and Aleuts.

Based on the further complication of the public life of therigonians, there are also significant changes in all areas of their culture: there is already quite developed art, in labor practice a person accumulates experience and positive knowledge.

Thus, it was necessary to significantly change the overall look at the Life of the Kromanon inhabitants not only the Russian plain, but also all of Europe. In Krohanyonians used to have seen stray miserable savages, continuously moving from place to place, not knowing peace and more or less durable settling. Now the total way of their lives and their social system revealed in a new way.

The picture of the housing of the ancient hunters on the mammoth was completely exceptional in terms of expressive and scale, for example, in one of the numerous Kostenkov settlements - in the bones of I. Studying this place, archaeologists found out that the fires, animal bones and hand-processed silicon filled the base of the ancient dwelling, Outside which discovered only occasionally occasionally.

Ancient dwelling, opened in bonuses I excavations 1931-1936, had an oval outlines in terms. Its length was 35 m, width - 15-16 m. The living area reached, thus, the size of almost 600 square meters. m. With such large sizes, the dwelling, naturally, could not be heated with one hearth. In the center of the residential area, along its long axis, stretched symmetrically located, with intervals of 2 m, and basic pits. Foci was 9, with a diameter of about 1 m. These foci were covered on top of a thick layer of bone ash and charred bones used as fuel. Obviously, the inhabitants of the dwelling before leaving him, they launched their foci and no longer cleaned them. They also left unused fuel reserves in the form of bones of the Mammoth, who were near the foci.

One of the foci served at the same time not for heating, but for a completely different sang. In it burned chunks of brown iron and spherosiderite, thus producing mineral paint - the bed. This paint was used by the residents of the settlement in such a large number that the layer of the Earth, filling the deepening of the dwelling, the places were completely painted in the red color of various shades.

Another characteristic feature of the internal device of large housing in the bones I was found. Next to the foci or several of them, large tubular mammoth bones were found, vertically blurred to the ground. Judging by the fact that the bones were covered with scubons and notches, they served as a kind of "vestics" for ancient masters.

The main residential area was bordered by additional accommodation, excavation, located on its contour in the form of a ring. Two of them were allocated among others with their larger sizes and were located almost symmetrically on the right and left side of the main dwelling. On the floor of both earthlings are noticed remnants of fires who swept these premises. The roof of the earthquake had a frame of large bones and a beer of the mammoth. The third large dugout was in the opposite, far, end of the residential area and, obviously, served as a folding room for the parts of the Mammoth carcass. five

Special pits are also a curious household stroke - storage facilities for especially valuable things. In such newspapers, sculptural images of women, animals, including mammoth, bear, cave lion, ornaments from indigenous teeth and predator fangs, mainly sands were found. In addition, in some cases, selected silica plates were found, lying several pieces together, large tips of excellent quality, which was intentionally hidden in specially dug deepends. Given all this and noting that the figurines of women were broken, and on the floor of the dwelling were generally insignificant things, one of the researchers of Kostenkovsky parking lots - P. P. Efimenko believes that the big dwelling of the Kostechnoy I was thrown "under emergency circumstances." In his opinion, the inhabitants left their home, capturing all the most valuable things. They left on the spot only what was hidden in advance, including figurines. The enemies, finding the statuettes of women, broke them in order to destroy the birth "patrons" of the Kostenkovsky community and put it even greater damage.

The excavations in the bathrs opened, so the picture of the domestic life of the whole community, which was included in dozens, and maybe hundreds of people who lived in an extensive, already quite good for that time, complex in the design of the dwelling. This complex and however, a slender picture of ancient settlement clearly shows that in the life of its inhabitants there were a certain inner routine, which was built on the traditions inherited from previous generations, on strictly defined necessities and customary rules for the behavior of its members. At the heart of these traditions, the experience of collective labor activity was continuously growing during the millennium. The whole life of the Paleolithic community was based on the joint work of its members, on their overall fight against nature.

Most more that they have from clothes, this is a more or less wide lounge on the hips or something like a wide triangular tail, descending from behind, as it can be seen on the famous statuette from Lespug (France). Sometimes it is visible as if tattoo. Much attention was paid to women hairstyle, sometimes very complex and magnificent. The hair is falling down with a solid mass, they are collected by concentric circles. Sometimes they are located zigzag vertical rows.

Inside its low and close semi-bedroom winter housing, the people of Cromanone time, obviously, were naked or semi-blank. Only outside the housing, they appeared in clothes from the skins and the fur hood. In this form, they are presented in the works of Paleolithic sculptors - in fur clothing or nagi with one only belonging on the body.

Paleolithic statuettes are interesting not only by the fact that they truthfully pass the face of Cryanons, but also the fact that they are represented by the art of glacial time.

In labor, a person developed speech and thinking, learned to reproduce the necessary forms of things on a pre-developed plan, which was the main prerequisite for creative activities in the field of art. In the course of the development of social labor activities, they finally arose, specific needs that caused the origin of art, as a special sphere of public consciousness and human activity.

In the upper Paleolithic, as we see, the technique of hunting economy is complicated. Domestication is born, there is a new way of life. During the aging of the generic system, the primitive community becomes complicated by its structure. Thinking and speech develop. The mental horizontal of a person is expanding immeasurably and his spiritual world is enriched. Along with these common achievements in the development of culture, it was of great importance for the occurrence and further growth of art, there was also a specifically important circumstance that the man of the Upper Comanoons now began to widely use the bright colors of natural mineral paints. He also mastered the new ways of treating a soft stone and bones that have discovered previously not well-known opportunities for transmitting ambient phenomena in plastic form - in sculpture and thread.

Without these prerequisites, without these technical achievements, born direct labor practices for the manufacture of workers, neither painting, nor artistic bone treatment, which are mainly represented by the art of Cryanons known to us.

The most wonderful and most important thing in the history of primitive art is that it has been mainly in the path of the truthful transmission of reality. The art of the Upper Croanonians, taken in its best samples, is distinguished by the amazing reliability of nature and the accuracy in the transfer of vital, most essential signs. Already at the initial time of the Upper Cryanonians, in the Orignance Monuments of Europe, samples of truthful pattern and sculptures are found, as well as the same cave paintings with them. The emergence of them, of course, was preceded by a certain preparatory period. 6.

The deep archaicity of the earliest cave images is that the emergence of the most ancient of them, Rannejignyak, was caused at first glance as if she accidentally broken up associations in the consciousness of a primitive person who had noticed similarity in the outlines of stones or rocks with the appearance of those or other animals. But already in Orignak time, next to the samples of archaic art, in which the natural similarity and creativity of a person are bizarrectically combined, such images that are entirely obliged to their appearance of the creative imagination of primitive people were widespread.

For all these archaic samples of the oldest art, a sharply pronounced simplicity of the shape is characterized and the same dryness of coloring. Paleolithic man was first limited by the fact that only painted its contour drawings with strong and bright colors of mineral paints. It was quite natural in dark caves, dimly illuminated by barely burning wicks or a smoke fire fire, where halftone would simply be invisible. The cave drawings of the time are usually the figures of animals, made only by one linear contour, circled with red or yellow stripes, sometimes completely filled with round spots or poured paint.

At the Madelene stage, new progressive changes in the art of Cryanonians occur mainly in cave painting. They are expressed in the transition from the simplest contour and smoothly flooded paint drawings to multicolor paintings, from the line and a smooth monophonic colorful field to a stain transmitting the volume and the form of the subject with various thickness of the paint, the change in the strength of the tone. Simple, although the colorful drawings of that time grow now, therefore, in real cave painting with the best samples characteristic of its best, for example, in Altamir, the transmission of the forms of the living body of the pictures of the beasts.

The life, realistic nature of the art of Cryanonians is not limited to skill in static outfit for the shape of the body of animals. He found the most complete expression in the transmission of their speakers, in the ability to grab movements, transmit instantly changing specific poses and positions.

Despite all his truthfulness and vitality, the art of Cromanons remains fully primitive, truly infant. It is radically different from the modern, where the artistic story is strictly limited in space. The art of Cromanons does not know air and prospects in the present sense of the word; In these figures under the legs, the figures are not visible. There is no composition in our sense of the word, as the intentional distribution of individual figures on the plane. The best drawings of Cryanonians are nothing more than instantly captured and frozen single impressions with the striking liveliness characteristic of them in the transmission of movements.

Even in those cases where large clusters of drawings are observed, they do not detect any logical sequence, no specific semantic communication. Such is, for example, the mass of bulls in the painting of Altamira. The accumulation of these bulls is the result of multiple bars of figures, simple accumulation for a long time. The random nature of such combinations of figures is emphasized by the sticking of the drawings on each other. Bulls, mammoths, deer and horses randomly run on each other. Earlier drawings are overlapped by subsequent, barely translucent under them. This is not the result of a single creative thoughtless of the thought of one artist, and the fruits of inconsistent natural work of a number of generations connected only by tradition.

Nevertheless, in certain exceptional cases, especially in miniature work, in the bone engravings, and sometimes also in painting, the caves detect the primitives of narratives and at the same time a kind of semantic composition of figures. These are primarily group images of animals meaning a herd or herd. The emergence of such group drawings is understandable. An ancient hunter was constantly dealing with the herds of bulls, herds of wild horses, with groups of Mamonts, who were the object of collective hunting. It is so, in the form of herd, they are in some cases and were depicted.

There are in the art of the Crosanons and the primitive of a promising image, however, very peculiar and primitive. As a rule, animals are shown on the side, in profile, man-in FAS. But there were certain techniques that allowed to revive the drawing and closer to reality even more. For example, animal bodies are sometimes given to the profile, and the head in the FAS, eyes to the viewer. On the images of a person, on the contrary, the body was given in the FAS, and the face in the profile. There are cases when the animal is depicted in front, schematically, but so that only legs and breasts are visible, branched deer horns, and the back part is absent, closed in front of a half body. Together with plastic images of women for the art of the Upper Crohanyonians, the samely true nature of the sculpture images of animals from the mammoth animal, bone and even clay mixed with bone ash. These are the figures of mammoth, bison, horses and other animals, including predators.

The art of Cryanonians grew on a certain social soil. It served as the needs of society, was inextricably linked with a certain level of development of productive forces and production relations. The society changed with the change of this economic basis, the superstructure changed, including art changed. Therefore, the art of Cryanonians in no way can be identical to the realistic art of later eras. It is just as unique in its own uniqueness, in its primitive realism, as well as all the era of the Cromanontsev, this genuine "childhood of humanity". 7.

The vitality and veracity of the best samples of Cryanon art was due to the peculiarities of the labor life and the world perception of Paleolithic people from her. The accuracy and acuteness of observations reflected in animal images was determined by the everyday labor experience of the ancient hunters, the whole life and well-being of which depended on the knowledge of the lifestyle and the nature of animals, from the ability to track them down and master them. Such knowledge of the world of animals was a matter of life and death for primitive hunters, and the penetration of animals was so characteristic and important part of the psychology of people, which stained all their spiritual culture, starting, judging by the ethnography, from an animal epic and fairy tales, where animals are acting The only or main characters, ending with rites and myths in which people and beasts represent one inseparable whole.

Cridenon art delivered to people of that time to satisfy images with nature, clarity and symmetric positions of lines, the strength of the color gamma of these images.

Abundant and carefully made decorations pleased with the human eye. There was a custom of covering the simplest household things and to give them sculptural forms. Such, for example, daggers, whose handle turned into a deer or goat figure, a spear-point with a picture of a partridge. The aesthetic nature of these jewelry cannot be denyed even in cases where such decorations acquired a certain religious meaning and magical character.

The art of Cryanonians had a huge positive value in the history of ancient humanity. Fixing in live art images of the art, a primitive man deepened and expanded the ideas about reality and deeper, he learned her comprehensive, and at the same time he enriched his spiritual world. The emergence of art that meant a huge step forward in the cognitive activity of a person, at the same time, in many ways contributed to the strengthening of social relations.

Monuments of primitive art testify to the development of the consciousness of a person, about his life at the remote time. They talk about the beliefs of primitive man. For fantastic ideas from which the oldest religious beliefs of the Hunters of the Stone Age arise, the primitiveness of the reverence of the Forces of Nature should include and, above all, the cult of the beast.

The birth of the cooler of the beast and hunting witchcraft was due to the value of hunting, as the main source of the existence of ancient people of this period, the real role that belonged to the beast in their daily life. Beasts from the very beginning took an important place in the consciousness of a primitive person and in primitive religion. eight

Transferring to the world of animals, characteristic of primitive generic communities, inextricably linked with other marriage unions and exogamal norms, a primitive man thought and this animal world as if in the form of a second and quite equal half of his own community. Hence the totemism developed, i.e. the idea that all members of this kind come from a certain animal, plants, or another "totem" and are associated with this type of animals with a non-historical connection. The very word Totem entered into science is borrowed from the language of one of the North American Indian tribes - algonquins, which it means "his genus". Beasts and people, according to thenest ideas, had common ancestors. Beasts if they wanted it could take their skin and become people. By providing people in their own will their meat, they died. But if people saved their bones and performed the necessary rituals, the beasts again returned to life, "providing" in this way the abundance of food, the well-being of the primitive community.

The first weak beginners of such a primitive cult of the beast can be discovered, judging by the finds in Teshik-Tasha and in the Alpine caves, perhaps at the end of the Mustier time. The monuments of the cave art of the Upper Comanonians are clearly indicated about its development, the content of which is almost exclusively the images of animals: mammoths, rhinos, bulls, horses, deer, predators, such as cave and bear. In the first place at the same time, naturally, those animals are worthy, the hunt for which was the main source of food: hoofs.

To understand the meaning of these cave drawings, the conditions in which they are are important. By itself, the safety of cave patterns is determined by a steady hygroscopic regime inside the caves, isolated as well as from the influence of temperature fluctuations that occurred on the ground surface. The drawings are usually located at a considerable distance from the entrance, for example, in NIO (France) - at a distance of 800 m. The permanent life of a person at such a distance from the entrance to the cave, in depth, where the eternal darkness and dampness reigned, was impossible. To get into the most wonderful storage facilities, sometimes and now you have to wade into the dark depth of the caves through narrow wells and cracks, often crawling, even twisted underground rivers and lakes through the blocking further path.

What thoughts and feelings managed primitive sculptors and painters of the ancient century, no less clearly show their drawings. Here are bridges with darts or harpunas in them, beasts covered with wounds, dying predators, which are pouring blood from widely revealed mouth. On mammoth figures are visible schematic drawings that can depict the catless pits that served as some researchers believe, for catching these giants of ice-time.

The specific purpose of the cave drawings is also evidenced by the characteristic lifting of some drawings on the other, their numerous, showing that animal images were made, it is not permanent, but only for once, for one or another separate rite. It is also brighter that it can be seen on small smooth tiles, where the drawings running each other often form a solid grid of intersecting and completely intricate lines. Such pebbles should have been re-covered with red paint, according to which the drawing was turned on. Thus, these drawings were made only for one definite moment, "lived" only once.

With hunting witchcraft rites, the women's figurines of the upper arms believes are largely connected, as beloved. Their meaning is determined, according to these views, the ideas of the ancient hunters who believed in a kind of "division of labor" between men who kill animals, and women who were supposedly "attracting" animals under the blows of copies of hunters. Such an assumption is well justified by ethnographic analogies.

Female figurines are at the same time invisible, evidence of the existence of the cult of female spirits, characteristic of the ancient communities with the maternal native. The cult of this is well known for beliefs of various tribes, including not only agricultural, but also purely hunting, such as Aleuts and Eskimos of the XVII-XVIII centuries. n. er, the lifestyle of which, due to the harsh Arctic nature and hunting economy, found the greatest similarity with the household structures of the Kromanon Hunters of the Pariscripts of Europe and Asia. nine

The culture of these Aleutian and Eskimo tribes in the general development went away, of course, far forward but compared to the culture of the Upper Croanonians, but it is more interesting that in their religious beliefs there is a lot of such that it helps to understand the ideas that are caused by women's Paleolithic figurines.

On the development and nature of primitive religious representations and rites that have developed by Kromanontsev can also be judged by upper-paralyolitical burials. The earliest burial of the Upper Comanons was found in the vicinity of Mentons (Italy); They belong to Orignak time. People who buried their dead relatives in Menton grottoes, put them in clothes, generously decorated with sea shells, necklaces and bracelets from shells, animal teeth and fish vertebrae. Film plates and bone daggering is found from the bone-bone guns. The dead fell asleep with mineral red paint. Thus, in the Caves of Grimaldi in the vicinity of the cops, two bones - young men were found 15-17 years old and the old women put on the cooled fireplace in the rapid position. On the skull of the young men, the decorations from the head of the head, consisting of four rows of drilled marine shells. On the left hand, the old women were placed bracelets from the same shells. At the body of the young man were, in addition, the silica plates. Above, but also in the Orignan layer, there were two children's skeleton, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe pelvis, about a thousand drilled shells were found, obviously, adorned the front of the clothing.

Croomanon burials show that by then there was a custom to bury the dead with decorations and instruments of labor they enjoyed during life, with food reserves, and sometimes even with materials for the manufacture of guns and weapons. From here, we can conclude that at this time the ideas about the soul are already born, as well as about the "country of the dead", where the dead will hunt and lead the same life as he led in this world.

According to these ideas, death meant simple care of the soul from the human body in the "world of ancestors". The "Dead Country" was often presented in the upper reaches or in the lower reaches of the river where this generic community lived, sometimes under Earth, in the "underground world", or in heaven, or on the island surrounded by water. Once there, the souls of people minted themselves to eat hunting and fishing, built dwellings and religious life, similar to earthly.

Something similar to these beliefs was supposed to, judging by the above archaeological monuments, to exist in Paleolithic people. From that era, such views reached our time. They are also at the heart of modern religions developed in class society.

This is the characteristic feature of Comanonian burials, as the plump of the dead in the graves of the bed. According to the described ethnographers, views on the role of red paint in various rites in many recent tribes of recently, red paint - the bed - there must be a replacement of blood - a source of vitality and a soul compartment. Judging by their widespread and obvious communication with the hunting lifestyle, such views go to the remote primitive past.

Conclusion

So, in conclusion, we can say the following: Crokonon archaeological cultures differ significantly from each other with some specific features of flint and bone products. This is one of the signs in which the Cromanone culture is generally different from Neanderthal: the tools of the Neanderthals of various districts have a very high degree of similarity. It is possible that such differentiation of CRANAONO products means real cultural differences between the individual tribes of the ancient people. On the other hand, a certain style in the manufacture of guns could reflect the individual manner of some kind of ancient master, manifestation of his personal aesthetic preferences.

Cryanonian culture includes another phenomenon that occurred only from a modern person. We are talking about the art of the Stone Age, art, whose works can be considered not only the wall paintings of the ancient caves, but also the guns themselves, the guns, sometimes so perfect on their lines and forms that they can hardly reproduce any of the now living of people.

Thus, the tasks are solved, the purpose of the work is made.

Bibliography

1. Boriskovsky PI The oldest past of humanity. M., 2001.

2. Ancient civilization. Under the general editions of G. M. Bongard-owl. M., 2009.

3. Ancient civilizations: from Egypt to China. M., 2007.

4. Ibraray L.I. The origin of a person. M., 2004

5. The history of the ancient world. Ed. D. Rouner and others. - M., 2001. - Part 1-2.

6. History of primitive society. In 3 tt. M., 2000.

7. Mongight A.L. Archeology of Western Europe / Stone Age. M., 2003.

In the cultures of Neanderthal, in cultures cryanonians Late Paleolitis prevailed stone instruments ... such techniques and guns, cryanonians Received an almost inexhaustible source ... and clothing in construction cryanonians Basically followed the old ...