As a treble key. Violin key: what it is and why he is needed

The word "key" is really no coincidence, this sign is really the key. But not from the door, but rather, to the cipher. This cipher is a record of notes, because you can write them differently.

What are notes?

Notes - This is graphic notation for the sounds of a certain height that are grouped and recorded in a special - octave system. The fact is that musical sounds, frequency (yes, it is measured in hertz) which differs exactly 2 times, it sounds very similar to our ear. As a repetition of one - only at different heights. The distance (interval) between them is called octava. Therefore, the entire range of musical sounds is divided into sections, which are also called octaves. Similar in each site sounds - notes - have the same names: to, re, mi, fa, salt, la, si. And next after a note - before, only to octave above. Etc.

Night Stan. - These are the same 5 lines, on which the notes are consistently recorded. Thus, the maximum can be recorded 11 notes. But notes, unlike Linek, do not end. And even adding a pair or the top three additional mini-lynets for individual notes, we will not cover all possible notes of all octave. And most importantly - on different tools you can take notes of only deciduous octave, not higher and no lower. The same with a human voice. So you need to determine which one we need a range and write in it - after all, by themselves the line of a music lot do not mean anything until we set the initial point of reference. You must specify a key note from which all others will be counted.

For this, you need the key. It is he who determines the "encoding" - which ruler corresponds to the "main" note, and therefore, and as relative to it, others are located. And options can be a lot - like music keys. Their characters seem intricate, but they make sense: the central element of each key indicates this very "initial" note.

Favorite by everyone (and us) The treble key is the key "Salt": his curl envelopes the second line of a tiny mill, on which the salt of the first octave is in a violin velection. So, under this second line will be Fa, but above the neuro. In a violin key, it is convenient to record notes for violin, female vocal, wind, some shock and right hand piano (but not always). Just because it is quite high sounds and a treble key suitable: it covers the first and second octaves. This is a range of middle human voice (and violins). Traditionally, the tenor party (male high voice) and guitars are also recorded in a violin veneer, only executed to octave below.

There are still "Fa" keys - bass, for example. The party's second hand is written in it for piano, cello and fagot - parties in big and small octave, that is, low sounds. His "curl" and two points place the Note of the Fa Male octave on the fourth line of a ton. If it is shifted by one line down, the bariton key will be: in it, accordingly, it is located on a third line.

What piano notes look like

Sheets for piano consist of two lines (each by five lines and its own key). Notes located on the top of the line executes the right hand. And notes written on the bottom - left. Rows are called notonic or a new mill.

We play at the same time what is written on both lines vertically. Vertical read from the bottom up: Raised from the lowest sound to the topmost. We also consider the musical rules from the bottom up. The first is the lowest, fifth - top. When the vertical played, read notes, like a book, from left to right.

Circles drawn on the lower example, this is the designations of the sounds or notes themselves. The notes are painted and not painted, chopsticks (calm) up or down, combined by groups or single. What is the difference we consider it later when we study duration.

The word indicated at the beginning of the work denotes the pace and character of the work. In this example, the Temp "Alegretto" is specified. This is a derivative of "Allegro", which is translated from Italian as "soon" or "fun." Accordingly, Alegretto is performed slightly slower than Allegro. All these designations are very subjective and indicate the nature of execution.

Music terms are not so much and they are quite simple to remember. Their meaning and translation can be viewed in any dictionary of musical terms. In the music school, children surrender a special test for knowledge of musical terms.

What is a musical key

At the beginning of each row there is a sign - a music key or just a key. It can be said that the key is a coordinate system that determines the location of the notes on a notch mill. In piano music there are two keys - a treble and bass. Most often, the right hand plays in a violin veneer, left - in the bass key.

How to write musical keys

Treble clef

The treble key shows where a note is recorded on a notched bed. salt of the first octave. It is located on the 2nd line from below. Thus, knowing where the note is located salt of the first octave, we can count on what a ruler what a note is recorded.

This is a sign of transfer to octave up. That is, the written note is played at octave above.

Now let's go from the notch of the first octave down. The NOT FA first octave will be located between 1 and 2 rules. The first octave - on the first line, re - under the first line, before - at the first extension line, etc. Next can be recorded a lot of additional lines, but more often there are no more than three.

And here it comes to the rescue bass clef.

Bass clef

By analogy with a violin key, the bass key shows us where the note is located fa Small Octave. Regarding it, you can calculate where the other notes of the bass key are recorded. Go up. Salt of small octaves - between 4 and 5 rules, la in small octaves - on the 5th line, si small octave - over the 5th line. Until the first octave - on the first top additive, etc. Usually, more than three additional lines do not write, it is easier to put a treble key and record notes in a violin veneer.

If you go down from the type of Fa Male octave, it turns out that the minor octave is located between 3 and 4 rules, the re small octave - on the 3 line, to the small octave - between 2 and 3 ruler, the SI large octaves - on 2 line, la Large octave - between 1 and 2 ruler, a large octave salt - on 1 line, Fa large octaves - under 1 line, mi large octave - at the first extension line from below, etc. Usually here, too, more than three additional lines do not write and put the same sign of the eight:

He means that we play octave sounds lower than they are written in notes. All this is done for the convenience of writing and reading notes.

Music location on a lot

To summarize all the above, I propose to learn this picture.

Here I wrote all the notes, ranging from to the large octave and ending to the third octave. Please note how the note is written to the first octave. In the bass key, it is written on the upper first extension line, and in a violin one - at the bottom of the first extension line.

In which case in what kind of key to write? It all depends on the context. If you have all previous notes are recorded in the bass, then it is writing it in the bass. Again, if further music sounds higher, you can put a violin key and write all other notes on the violin veneer. And vice versa, if all the notes are in the violin veneer, then the note is logical to write in a violin veneer. There is no clear rule, we act on the basis of logic.

How best to remember the location of notes on a notch mill?

First I will write how to do not need. No need to compare and compare notes of bass and violin keys. Sometimes they do this: I remember that salt of the first octave is written on 2 ruler in a violin veneer. It means that the salt of the large octave in the bass - one line is less - on the first. There are no logic in this, just confused. Do not do so please! Better just consider the rules.

Over time, you visually remember where what a note is written.

The task

1. Practice to write a violin and bass keys on a tight mill (one row for each key).
2. Task for learning notes. You take any notes in the printed version (you can print, for example, these). Sit comfortably on the sofa and a finger poke into any notes and call them. For example, the SI of the first octave, la Large octave, etc. Every day for 10 minutes will be enough.
3. Another task to learn notes. Write the following notes on a tight sheet:

Mi 1 Octava
Salt 2 octaves
Fa large octave
Maja Octave
si small octave
up to 2 octaves
for 2 octaves
SI large octaves

Here is an example, as necessary.

1. Alone write for yourself the location of the notes on the note mill from the note to the large octave to the note of up to 3 octaves. Above, I brought such a picture, use it for an independent check. This task will help you better understand the logic of the location of notes.

Write all questions in the comments to this article.

Key (music)

Key (Ital. Chiave, from lat. Clavis - key) in music notation - a sign indicating the location of a note (i.e., a high-rise position) F, or G, or from on a not one. Regarding this, key, notes are calculated all other notes (that is, high-rise positions) on the same notonic.

There are three main types of keys: the "salt" key, the "Fa" key and the key "to", the symbol of each of which is a somewhat modified image of the handwritten Latin letters G, F and C, respectively.

Using keys

On the five rules of a tank mill (and between them), you can place 11 different notes in the height. Using additional rules, the number of recorded notes can be touched up to 20 or more. On the other hand, the overall range of sounding various voices and tools in music is about eight octave (for example, on piano - 52 notes), but the range of each of the voices or tools is usually much already, and the notes are more convenient to position so that the middle of the band is more convenient corresponded to the center of the Motnaya Mill. Therefore, a sign is needed, showing the notes used for a given voice (TESSITOR).

The central key element indicates the location of its main note on the line. In some cases, there is a digit on or turnkey 8 , denoting shift up or down to octave.

Key "Salt"

Happened from the Latin letter G., denoting a note "salt." The central curl of the key denotes the placement of the "salt" sheet of the first octave.

Treble clef

The treble key is the most common key. The treble key places the "salt" of the first octave on the second line of the note.

In a violin key, notes are written for violin (hence the name), lifting harmonics, most wooden brass instruments, parts of copper winds, shock tools with a certain height of sound and other tools with sufficiently high sound. For batches of the right hand, when playing on the piano, the treble key is also used. Women's vocal parties today are also recorded in a violin key (although a special key was used in past centuries). The party of the tenor is also recorded in a violin key, but are executed on the octave below written, which is indicated by eight under the key.

Starofranzzian key

Aluminous key

The altuminous key places "up to" the first octave on the middle line. In the altom key, a party is written for alt and trombones, sometimes vocal parties.

Tenor key

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) We give a more complete list of existing keys. Recall that the key indicates the place a certain noteon a tiny mill. It is from this note that all other notes are counted.

Groups of keys

Despite the abundance of possible keys, they can all be divided into 3 groups:

There are also "neutral" keys. These are the keys for batches of drums, as well as for guitar parties (the so-called tabulature - see the article "Tabutura" [read]).

So, keys:

Keys "before"	Picture	Explanation
Soprana or Dotual key		The same key has two names: sopranne and distant. Places a note "up to" the first octave on the bottom line of the Mot.
		This key has a note "to" the first octave per line is higher than the sopranny key.
		Specifies the note "to" the first octave.
		The location of the notes "to" the first octave is indicated again.
Bariton key		It has a note "to" the first octave on the upper line. See on the "Fa" keys of the bariton key.

Read more about Bariton Key

Various designation of the bariton key does not change the location of the notes on a tight mill: the Bariton key of the Fa group indicates the note of the "Fa" of the small octave (it is located on the middle line of the Method), and the bariton key of the group "to" - a note "to" the first octave It is on the top line of the new line). Those. With both keys, the location of the notes remains unchanged. In the figure below, we give a keyset from a note "to" small octave to a note "to" the first octave in both keys. The notation of notes in the diagram complies with the notes adopted by the letter designation (), i.e. The "Fa" small octave is indicated as "F", and "to" the first octave is marked as "C 1":

Figure 1. Bariton key of the group "Fa" and group "To"

To secure the material, we suggest you play: the program will show the key, and you will define its name.

The program is available in the section "Test: Musical Keys"

In this article we showed what keys exist. If you want to find out a detailed description of the key to destination and how to use them, refer to the "Keys" () article.

In modern music records - notation - a notation is used, consisting of five lines. Notes are located on the rules, and between them.

In this way, only eleven notes can be accommodated on a tin one. It is less than two, and the musicians use much more. How to record all other notes? True, the additional lineups from above and below are used, but if there are more than four more, the musician is already very difficult to navigate. Here and come special signs - keys.

Following the size of the work in the form of a simple fraction: the numerator is the number of shares, denominator - their duration. In each product, the works (to the relevant marks) will be the number of such durations as indicated in the amount.

Next are the notes themselves. Depending on the melody, they are located at different heights. Other them - duration, that is, the length of time. The shortest of the durations used are sixty-fourth. Next: thirty second, sixteenth, eighth, quarters, half, whole. If a unit of time take the account "times", then 1/64-notes will have to sixteen, 1/32-x - eight, 1/16-x - four, 1/8-x - two, 1/4 - - one. Half has two bills, for a whole - four.

As soon as the total amount of durations coincides with the size, the vertical clock feature is set. The next clock is filled with notes by the same principle and separated from the third.

Video on the topic

Sources:

• write notes

With the development of musical culture, ways to recording sounds and compositions changed. Many centuries passed before humanity came to a single form of their record, allowing to fix sounds on paper using special conventional signs.

Notes is a graphic image of musical sounds. The history of their creation is the whole essence of this concept. Find the answer to the question of what is notes are, it is possible, only relying on historical facts.

There were times when the music was not recorded. Tunes and songs were transmitted to rumor, from mouth to mouth. But the moment came when people decided to start them to fix that the descendants who own music and having a musical rumor could fulfill their favorite music and songs even in a few centuries. For this, they came up with notes - signs that show the height and duration of the sound.

Many generations on different continents created their own ways to record musical works. It was difficult to compare them, because They differed greatly. In ancient Babylon, there was a syllable recording with a clinopy. In ancient Egypt, the melodies were recorded by drawings. In ancient Greece, the letters of the Latin alphabet were used. Already in the Middle Ages in Russia, people began to use graphic, consisting of points, dashes and commas, located on verbal text and denoted votes that were necessary in order to reproduce the musical work. These conditioneds formed the basis of a hook or bannyal letter in Russia, which is a kind of inequiable note record - a visual image of the melodic line of the work.

Later in Western Europe, the music began to record, using one or two horizontal lines. Along with the letter, the color designation was introduced for notes. Red or yellow defined the height of sounds. So gradually a linear form of a tank recording was born, combining the height of sounds, and the clarity of the Neva.

In the XI century, Gvido D "Arezzo was significantly improved. He suggested writing notes on a music line containing four horizontal straight lines that were combined into a single system. Subsequently, it became the prototype of a modern note mill, and the lettering symbol of lines was transformed into the keys. - Conditional graphics signs that determine the height of the notes. Moreover, they should be placed both on the lines themselves and between them. In addition, Guido D "Arezzo - the creator of the sludge names of 6 notes -" UT "," Rea "," Mi ", "Fa", "Salt", "La". But at the end of the XVI century, the notes became seven. "UT" on "BE" and added a notable syllable for SO sound. These names are used and now.

Later, the note was improved, underwent changes. She became more clearly introduced more understandable designations for the pause. Notes from the square turned into round, they had a tight shelter - vertical lines denoting the duration of sounds. For the same purpose, they were either painted entirely, or left not painted. A tight mill appeared, consisting of five musical lines. Finally, the note record has acquired a modern form. But music is limitless. With the development of new musical forms, the note record is changing and improved.

Video on the topic

Selection of works on rumor is one of the many skills that the musician must have. Training this skill occurs in the Solfeggio lessons and the theory of music. Thanks to the development of hearing and analytical thinking on these occupations, a musician can easily recognize the works of the work - separate parties or general harmony.

You will need

• - ETM textbook;
• - Solfeggio benefits;
• - Collections of dictations in 1, 2, 3, 4 votes;
• - Audio recordings notes.

Instruction

Put the gamma in different sequences. Examine the entire quarto-quint circle and all types of tonalities: natural, harmonic, melodic, folk frets. Each range of gamut in convenient octave. Calling alteration signs.

Learn to sing intervals in a melodic and harmonic location (consistently or at the same time). For the second option, invite a friend-musician who will sing a second voice. Chorala Bach and exercises presented in Solfezhij's benefits (in particular, Ladukhin's allowance) are especially useful for this.

Ask a friend to play you. Start with simple single-haired: the melody is executed on the piano, and you try to guess it, turning to the back tool. Do not poke your finger into the sky. After several classes on the theory of music and singing Solfeggio, you have already learned how to determine the steps of the gamma. In the melody, also try to find a tonic, to her, the distance from it to executable notes.

Gradually complicate the task, increasing the number of clocks in dictation from 4 to 12-16. As hearing develops, complicate the rhythmic pattern, add chromatisms. Adding dictation and verifying with the original, spoil it.

Develop not only melodic hearing (on one-haired dictation). Gradually, turn on two and three-voice dictates in classes. Little hint: In multi-voiced exercises, first write down the top, but the lower voice. Middle and high go trail. After recording, also sing dictations.

Listen to your favorite songs. Try to write them in the same way as dictates: repeat it many times, then write the bass, and then chord and melody. By the way, in this case you have more freedom than in dictation: no matter how many times you will lose the track. In addition, you can check your guesses, playing a note on a tool (or piano).

Video on the topic

Notes serve to transmit information, and like the letters of the alphabet you can read. They indicate musical sounds. To determine and read the notes, you need to know how they are located on a tin one.

Instruction

The term "note" is a symbol or a graphic sign indicating sound, its height and duration. To be able to recognize and read the notes, you need to learn a tight diploma. She is taught in musical and general education schools in singing lessons. But you can master it yourself.

First of all, remember the names of notes. They are only seven: "before", "re", "mi", "fa", "salt", "la", "si". And they are located (like letters in the alphabet) in this order.

Notes are written on a notonic or notewill mill, which is five parallel lines. They are considered from the bottom up. For the expansion of the note, additional lines are used, which are drawn at the bottom and at the top of the Notopian. Notes can be located both directly on the rules and between them.

The higher the note on the note, the note is written, the higher its sound. Each string and gap of the notopy is fixed by the sequence note of the note. And their order never changes.

The curl is located on the 2nd line of a notch mill, pointing the position of the notch of the first octave salt. In France, another type of salt key was used in the baroque era, which was written on the first line. He was called the French key.

File key

The outlines of the FA key occur from the Latin letter F. Its curls and two points indicate the position of the notes of the Fa Male Octave - on the 4th line of the tank mill. In this key they write notes for the cello, a fagot and other low tools, as well as for a bass batch in the choir, so it is called bass.

Along with the bass key there are two more types of the Fa key: baritone and Baso-Profundh. In the first case, Fa Male octave is placed on a third line, in the second - on the fifth.

Key up

The key is to represent a modified Latin letter C and indicates the position of the note to the 1st octave. There are 5 options for this key. In the sopranne, the note until the 1st octave is located on the 1st line, in the mezzo-soprano - on the 2nd, in the altom - on the 3rd, in the tenor - on the 4th, in the bariton - on the 5th.

Modifications of keys

A small eight may be added to any key from above or below. This means that all notes should be played according to octave above or lower than they are written. Such keys are applied to avoid a large number of additional lines or frequent change of keys. For example, an octave above the real sound is written notes, alto-house domains, double bass, to octave below - for flute-piccolo. Perhaps such a move is not alone, but by two octaves, in this case the number 15 is added to the key.

To record a batch of shock tools that do not have a certain height, a neutral key is used. It looks like a long white rectangle or both two parallel to each other and perpendicular to the new line, spent from the 2nd line up to the 4th. The height of the notes does not indicate this key, it only refers to a tight mill, where the drum part is recorded.

Sources:

• Music encyclopedia. Key