Instruction

At the first stage, you need to make out a proposal for members and emphasize them: to be - one feature, a taught - two, - a wavy line, an addition - dotted, and the circumstance is alternating the dash and points. Sometimes it is also required to specify links between members of the proposal and set fosses to each of them.

If the suggestion is simple, specify the type of the facility: simple (PGS), composite verb (SGS) or composite nominal (SIS). In case several, specify the type of each of them. If, notice each of its parts and make a scheme of this sentence, specifying the means of communication (and allied words). In addition, specify the types of apparent (definitive, varying or circumstantial: pressure, places, causes, consequences, conditions, goals, concessions, comparisons, action, measures and degrees or attachments) and the types of relationships between them (consistent, parallel or homogeneous ).

Next, describe the proposal by specifying its type of statement (narrative, questionative or motivating), on intonation (exclamation or non-visible) and in quantity (simple or complex:, complex, non-union). If the offer is simple, continue the analysis, indicating the type by the number of main members (twisted or single-part: called, definitely personal, uncertain personal, generalized personal or impersonal), on the availability of members (common or unprincipled), according to the presence of missed major members ( Full or), as well as specify what it is complicated (homogeneous members, separate members, input or plug-in structures, or not complicated by nothing). If the proposal is complex, continue the analysis by the same scheme, but for each of its parts separately.

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Related article

The proposal scheme is not just a whim of teachers. It allows you to better understand the structure of the sentence, to determine its specifics, finally, to disassemble faster. Any scheme is primarily visuality; Agree that when you deal, for example, with Lvom Nikolayevich, visuality is very necessary for understanding the proposal.

Instruction

You need to start with definition, which members of the sentence are words. First, determine the subject and the surehead - the grammatical basis. So you will already have a completely definite "stove", from which you can "dance". Then we distribute the remaining words on members of the Offer, given what they all are divided into the group to and the group. In the first group, in the second - addition and circumstance. Note that some words are not members of the proposal (for example, alliances, interjections, introductory and plug-in structures), and so that at once a few words, all together make up one member of the sentence (verbal and involvement).

Make a circuit offers, Explain the formulation of punctuation marks.

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Morphemic parse the words - parse According to the composition, determination and allocation of significant word-forming parts of the word. Morphemic parse Precedes word-forming - defining how the word appeared.

Instruction

With syntax parsee is allocated (subject to both). Then the type of proposal for the purpose of the statement (narrative, questionative or motivating), its emotional coloring (exclamation or) is determined. After that, it is necessary to establish a type of proposal for its grammatical basis (single-maintenance or twisted), according to members (common or unprofitable), according to the presence or absence of any member (full or incomplete). Also, simple may be complicated (homogeneous or separable members) or uncomplicated.

With syntax parsee addition to the definition of a grammatical basis and the type of proposal for the purpose of the statement, it is necessary to prove that it is difficult and establish a relationship between simple proposals (allied or non-union). If the connection is union, then the type of sentence is determined by the nature of the Union: complex. If the proposal is complex, then it is necessary to find out what the writing union is associated parts of the sentence: connecting, separating or confirmed. In the complex, the main and apparent proposal is determined, a means of communication with the main thing, the question that is responsible for the suppression, type. If the complex offer is non-union, the semantic relationships are determined between the simple proposals and the postulation of the punctuation mark is explained. It is also necessary to draw a proposal scheme.

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Tip 6: how to determine the uncertainty-personal offer

Offer expresses a message, prompting or question. Two-part offers have a grammatical basis consisting of the subject and faithful. The grammatical basis of the single-delivery proposal is submitted either to the subject or to be sure.

Instruction

All verbal single sunswered proposals have a surehead, but do not have to be. Moreover, in a certain personal offer, the shape of the verb and the meaning of the message suggest that the action refers to a certain person: "I love the books", "find the right decision", "Take care, and honor".

The verb can stand in the form of the first or second person of a single or expressive or imperative inclination. The first person means that the verbal question is asked from the pronouns "I", "we"; The second person is from the pronouns "You", "You". The imperative inclusion encourages the expressive simply reports information.

Words and phrases are the components of each sentence on a letter and oral speech. It should be clearly understood to be clearly understood which communication between them should be to build a grammatically correct statement. That is why one of the important and complex topics in the Russian language school program is the syntactic analysis of the proposal. With this analysis, a complete analysis of all the components of the statement is carried out and the connection is established between them. In addition, the definition of the proposal structure allows you to properly place the punctuation marks in it, which is quite important for each competent person. As a rule, this topic begins with the parsing of simple phrases, and after children it is taught to conduct a syntactic analysis of the sentence.

Territory Collection Rules

Analysis of a certain phrase, taken from the context, is relatively simple in the Syntax section of the Russian language. In order to produce it, determine which of the words is the main thing, and what is the dependent, and determine which part of the speech each of them relates. Next, it is necessary to determine the syntax link between these words. All of them are distinguished.

• Coordination is a kind of verification connection in which the genus, the number and case of the case for all elements of the phrase determines the main word. For example: a distant train, flying comet, luminous sun.
• The control is also one of the types of verification, it may be strong (when the case of words is necessary) and weak (when the dependent word is not predetermined). For example: Waterflowers - Water from the watering can; The liberation of the city is the liberation of the army.
• The adjoining is also the subordinate type of communication, but it applies only to unchangeable and not inclined by peredry. Dependence Such words express only meaning. For example: riding riding, unusually sad, very scary.

Sample of the syntactic parsing of phrases

The syntactic analysis of the phrase should look something like this: "Beautifully says"; The main word - "says", dependent - "beautifully". This connection is determined by the question: says (how?) Beautifully. The word "says" was used in the present time in the singular and the third person. The word "beautifully" is adverb, and therefore the syntactic connection is expressed in this phrase - adjoining.

Syntactic pavement scheme

The syntactic analysis of the proposal is slightly similar to the analysis of the phrase. It consists of several stages that will learn the structure and attitude of all component components:

1. First of all, the purpose of the statement of a separate proposal is determined, all of them are divided into three types: narrative, questional and exclamation, or motivating. For each of them is characterized by its mark. So, at the end of the narrative sentence telling about any event, it is worth a point; After the question, naturally, a question mark, and at the end of the motivating - exclamation.
2. Next, it is necessary to highlight the grammatical foundation of the sentence - to be both faithful.
3. Next Stage - Description of the structure of the sentence. It can be single-maintained with one of the main members or twisted with a complete grammatical basis. In the first case, it is additionally necessary to specify what exactly the proposition is in the nature of the grammatical basis: verbal or called. And then determine whether in the structure of the statement of secondary members, and specify whether it is common or not. At this stage, it should also be specified whether the proposal complicated. Complications consider homogeneous members, circulation, turnover and introductory words.
4. Next, the syntactic analysis of the proposal provides for the analysis of all words by their affiliation to parts of speech, family, the number and case.
5. The final stage is an explanation of the punctuation marks in the proposal.

An example of a simplicity of a simple sentence

The theory of the theory, but without practicing it is impossible to fix a single topic. That is why in the school program a lot of time is paid to the syntactic exams of phrases and suggestions. And for training you can take the simplest suggestions. For example: "The girl was lying on the beach and listened to the surf."

1. Offer narrative and unkonsectative.
2. The main members of the sentence: the girl is subject to, lying, listened to - said.
3. This offer is twisted, full and common. As complications are homogeneous taled.
4. Disaster of all words of the sentence:

• "Girl" - acts as subject to and is a nouns of the female kind in the singular and the very nominal case;
• "Ly" - in the sentence is a taught, refers to the verbs, has a female genus, the only number and past time;
• "On" is a pretext, serves to communicate words;
• "Beach" - answers the question "Where?" and is a circumstance in the proposal expressed a noun male race in the proposed case and the singular;
• "And" - the Union, serves to connect words;
• "Listened" - the second lean, the verb of the female race in the past time and the singular;
• "Surf" - in the sentence is a supplement, refers to the name of the noun, has a male genus, the only number and is used in the vinegenic case.

Designation of parts of the sentence on the letter

When syntaxially analyzes phrases and proposals, conditional underscores are used, which indicate the belonging of words to one or another member of the sentence. For example, the subject to be emphasized by one line, the previous one, the definition is denoted by a wavy line, the addition - dotted line, the circumstance is a dotted line with a point. In order to properly determine exactly what a member of the sentence before us should put on it with a question from one of the parts of the grammatical framework. For example, the definition is responsible for the questions of the adjective, the addition is determined by the issues of indirect cases, the circumstance indicates the place, time and cause and answers the questions: "Where?" "Where?" and why?"

Syntactic analysis of the complex offer

The procedure for the analysis of the complex proposal is slightly different from the above examples, and therefore should not cause special difficulties. However, everything should be in order, and therefore the teacher complicates the task only after the children learned to disassemble simple proposals. For analysis, a complex statement is proposed, which has several grammatical foundations. And here should adhere to such a scheme:

1. First determine the purpose of statement and emotional color.
2. Then allocate grammatical foundations in the proposal.
3. The next step is the definition of communication, which can be carried out using or without a union.
4. Next, you should specify, by any connection two grammatical foundations are connected in the proposal. It may be intonation, as well as writing or subordinate unions. And immediately conclude, what is the proposal: a complex, complex or non-union.
5. The next stage of the parse is a syntactic analysis of the proposal in its parts. Produce it according to the scheme for a simple sentence.
6. In the conclusion of the analysis, the proposal scheme should be built on which the connection of all its parts will be visible.

Communication of pieces of complex offer

As a rule, unions and allied words are used in complex proposals to communicate in complex proposals, which are necessarily a comma. Such suggestions are called allied. They are divided into two types:

• Complex proposals connected by unions a, and, or, then, but. As a rule, both parts in such a statement are equal. For example: "The sun shone, and the clouds sailed."
• Complexed proposals that use such unions and allied words: to, as if, where, where, because, though other. In such proposals, one part depends on the other. For example: "The sun rays will fill the room as soon as the cloud passes."

Not all schoolchildren are easily given a full syntactic analysis of the sentence. We will tell you the correct sequence of actions that will help easier to cope with such a task.

Stage 1: Carefully read the offer and determine the purpose of the statement.

For the purpose of statements, the proposals are divided into:

• narratives - "Beauty will save the world" (F. Dostoevsky);
• questionative - "Rus, where are you going?" (N. Gogol);
• motivating - "My friend, dedicate to the souls of beautiful gusts!" (A. Pushkin); "Testament writers: no need to invent intrigues and plots. Use the plots that life itself provides (F. Dostoevsky).

The narrative offers contain a message about anything and characterized by a calm narrative intonation. The content and structure of such proposals can be very diverse.

The purpose of question offers is to get an answer from the interlocutor to the question in the proposal. In some cases, when the question is rhetorical (i.e. does not require a response), the purpose of such a proposal is other - the pathetic statement of any thought, ideas, the expression of the relationship of speaking something or the like.

The purpose of the expression of the wake-up proposal is to motivate the addressee of the message to make any action. The urge can express a direct order, advice, request, caution, call for action, etc. The differences between some of these options are often expressed not by the structure of the very proposal, but the intonation of the speaker.

Stage 2: Determine the intonation and emotional color color.

At this stage of the syntactic analysis of the offer, see which punctuation sign is at the end of the sentence. For this parameter, the sentence is divided into:

• exclamation - "Well, what a neck! What kind of eyes! " (I. Wings);
• non-obvacial - "Thought flies, and the words go a step" (A. Green).

Stage 3: Find in the proposal grammatical foundations.

The number of grammatical foundations in the sentence determines how this proposal is:

• simple sentence - "Wine turns a person in the cattle and the beast, he brings it to the frenzy" (F. Dostoevsky);
• difficult sentence - "It seems to me that people do not understand how many misery and misfortunes in their life arises because of laziness" (Ch. Aitmatov).

In the future, the syntactic analysis of the complex offer and the syntactic analysis of the simple supply go different ways.

To begin with, consider the syntactic analysis of a simple sentence with examples.

Stage 4. for a simple sentence: Find the Main Members and give a proposal characteristic.

A simple supply depending on the availability of a complete set of main members of the sentence or the absence of any of them can be:

• single - "Prepress the court of people is not difficult, to despise the court's own - impossible" (A. Pushkin) is missing; "Fall. Fabulous pane, all outdoor for review. Forest roads, looked in the lake " (B. Pasternak), there is no leaky;
• twisted - "A very bad sign becomes loss of ability to understand humor, allegory, jokes" (F. Dostoevsky).

Specify which major dick is present in a single-service sentence. Depending on this, single-delivery proposals are nominated (subject to the subject: called) and verbal (present to the lean: definitely personal, vaguely personal, general and personal, impersonal).

Stage 5. for a simple sentence: Look, whether there are minor members in the proposal.

By availability / absence of additions, definitions and circumstances, a simple proposal may be:

• common - "My goal was to visit the old street"(I. Bunin);
• non-prolonged - "Flip-ended. Sadness (S. Yesenin).

Stage 6. for a simple sentence: Determine, complete offer or incomplete.

Complete or incomplete is the proposal - it depends on whether all members of the proposals are included in its structure, which are needed for the completed, which has the meaning of the statement. In incomplete, there is no one of the main or secondary members. And the meaning of the statement is determined by the context or previous proposals.

• full offer - "The words from the Svhanina bloom, sparkle" (K. POUST);
• incomplete offer - "What's your name? - I Anchoka " (K. Fedin).

When syntaxially parsing offers for incomplete, indicate which members of the proposals are missed.

Stage 7. for a simple sentence: Determine, complicated offer or not complicated.

A simple proposal can be complicated or not complicated by introductory words and appeals, homogeneous or separate members of the sentence, direct speech. Examples of simple complicated offers:

• "Ostap Bender, as a strategist, was great." (I. Ilf, E. Petrov);
• "He, the Commissioner, had to become in short with Sarychev if not a personal charm, not past combat merit, not military talent, so to all other: principled, hardness, knowledge, finally, courage in battle" (K. Simonov).

Stage 8. for a simple sentence

First denote the subject and lean, then minor in the composition of the subject and minor in the composition of the facid.

Stage 9. for a simple sentence

At the same time, specify the grammatical foundation if the offer is complicated - specify the complication.

Look at the sample of the syntactic pavement:

• Interpretation: The proposal is a narrative, non-promotional, simple, twisted, grammatical basis: the Swiss flooded, moved, did not, stopped, common, complete, complicated homogeneous legend, separate definition (involvement), separate circumstance (verbaturn).
• Written analysis: POST., NEW SOURCE., Prost., Dvusost., H / O Swiss flooded, moved, did not do, stopped, prison, complicated. homogeneous. Tale., Outroot. Definition (involved. Turnover), OPERAGE. Ohf-basic (he-across. Turnover). Now consider the syntactic analysis of the complex sentence with examples.

Stage 4. for a complex offer: Determine how bond exists between parts of a complex offer.

Depending on the presence or absence of unions, the connection may be:

• union - "The one who seeks to self-improvement will never believe that this self-improvement has the limit" (L. Tolstoy);
• non-union - "At the moment when the moon, such a huge and pure rose over the crest of that dark mountain, the stars who were in the sky, once opened their eyes." (Ch. Aitmatov).

Stage 5. for a complex offer: Find out what connects parts of a complex offer together:

• intonation;
• writing unions;
• subordination unions.

Stage 6. for a complex offer: Based on the relationship between parts of the supply and funds that this connection is expressed, classify the proposal.

Classification of complex suggestions:

• a complex proposal (SSP) - "A strange influence had a father on me, and weird were our relationship" (I. Turgenev);
• a complex proposal (SPP) - "She did not reduce the eye from the road, which leads through the grove" (I. Goncharov);
• complex non-union offer (BSP) - "I know: there is pride in your heart, and a straight honor" (A. Pushkin);
• offer with different types of communication - "People are divided into two categories: those that first think, and then they say and, accordingly, they do, and those that first act, and then think" (L. Tolstoy).

The relationship between parts of the non-union complex proposal can be expressed by different punctuation marks: comma, colon, dash, point with comma.

Stage 7. for a complex offer: Describe communication parts supply.

Determine:

• what does the apparent part relate to;
• through which the pressing part joins the main one;
• what question answers.

Stage 8. for a complex offer: If several peeled parts are somewhat, describe the relationship between them:

• consistent - "I heard Gaidar cleaned the bowler with sand and scolded it for the fact that the handle fell off" (K. Powetsky);
• parallel - "We must accurately take into account the environment in which the poetic work is developing so that the word is alien to this environment will not accidentally fall" (V. Mayakovsky);
• uniform - "It was difficult to understand whether there was a fire somewhere, or was going to bring the moon" (A. Chekhov)

Stage 9. for a complex offer: Stress all members of the sentence and indicate what parts of speech they are expressed.

Stage 10. for a complex offer: Now disassemble every part of a complex proposal, as simple, see the scheme above.

Stage 11. for a complex offer: Make a proposal schema.

At the same time, specify a means of communication, the type of the apparent part. Look at the sample of the syntactic parsing of the complex proposal:

Conclusion

The syntactic analysis scheme proposed by us will help properly describe the proposal for all significant parameters. Use this phased management regularly at school and at home to better remember the sequence of reasoning when analyzing offers.

Examples of the syntactic analysis of the proposals of a simple and complex structure will help correctly characterize sentences in oral and writing. With our instructions, a difficult task will become clearer and easier, will help you to learn the material and consolidate it in practice.

Write a comment, whether this scheme was useful to you. And if it turned out to be useful, do not forget to tell you friends and classmates about her.

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v. syntactic analysis of a complex proposal (SSP)

Dismissal plan:

2. Find the boundaries of simple proposals in the composition of complex, make a SSP scheme.

• by the type of complex proposal - a complex (SSP);
• specify which the writing union is connected by simple proposals in the composition of complex;

1 [You were late for many years], but 2 [Still, I'm glad to you] (A. Akhmatova)

Offer scheme:

The proposal narrative, unkonsectant, complex, complex, consists of two simple proposals connected by the writing union, but with the meaning of opposition; The comma is put in front of the union but.

v. syntactic analysis of complex proposal (SPP)

Dismissal plan:

1. To emphasize the main members of the sentence (subject to both) and designate what they are expressed (what part of speech).

2. Find the boundaries of simple suggestions in the composition of complex, draw up a SPP scheme.

3. Give a description of the proposal:

• for the purpose of the statement - a narrative, incentive, questional;
• in intonation - exclamation, unkonsectative;
• by the number of foundations - complex;
• by type of complex proposals - complex (SPP);
• specify the number of simple proposals in the complex;
• specify how simple sentences are connected in the composition of complex words.
• the appearance of the departure offer is an exemplary, determinant, circumstantial (with subspecies);
• explain the alignment of punctuation marks.

Sample of the syntactic parsing of a simple sentence:

1 [The boys looked after the truck], 2 (until he did away for the intersection).

Offer scheme:

The proposal narrative, unkonsectant, complex, complex, consists of two simple proposals, the first simple is the main one; Simple proposals in the complex are connected by the Union Word, this is a NGN with the apparent circumstantial measures and degrees. Between the first and second simple proposals worth a comma.

v. syntactic analysis of complex non-union offer (BSP)

Dismissal plan:

1. To emphasize the main members of the sentence (subject to both) and designate what they are expressed (what part of speech).

2. Find the boundaries of simple suggestions in the composition of complex, draw up a BSP scheme.

3. Give a description of the proposal:

• for the purpose of the statement - a narrative, incentive, questional;
• in intonation - exclamation, unkonsectative;
• by the number of foundations - complex;
• by type of complex proposals - non-union (BSP);
• specify the number of simple proposals in the complex;
• specify the means of communication of simple proposals in the composition of a complex - meaning or intonational connection;
• explain the alignment of punctuation marks.

Sample of the syntactic parsing of a simple sentence:

Our conversation began with angrily: I began to sort out those present and missing our friends

Offer scheme:

The proposal narrative, unkonsectant, complex, non-union, consists of two simple proposals related to each other; The proposal is colon, since the second part of the BSP indicates the reason for what is said in the first part.

Dismissal plan:

• Difficult.

  The number of parts in the complex, their borders (to allocate the grammatical foundations in simple sentences).

  Communication means between parts (specify alliances and determine the value of a complex offer).

  Offer scheme.

Sample parsing:

Was winter, but all the last days standing thaw. (I.Bunin).

(Narrative, unkonsectant, complex, union, complex, consists of two parts, between the first and second parts, opposition is expressed, the parts are connected by the oppositional union but.)

Scheme offer:

1, but 2.

The procedure for the syntactic parsing of a complex proposal

Dismissal plan:

Type of proposal for the purpose of statement (narrative, questional or motivating).

Type of detention on emotional coloring (exclamation or unkonsectative).

• Complexed.

  Home and apparent parts.

  What spreads the apparent part.

  What is joined by the pressing part.

  The location of the dressing part.

  Type of dressing part.

  Scheme of complex proposal.

Sample parsing:

When she is played down on piano 1 i stretched and listened 2 . (A.P. Chekhov)

(Narrative, unkonsectant, complex, union, complex, consists of two parts. The 2nd part of the main, 1st - the apparent, the dressing part distributes the main part and joins the union to it when, the dressing part is located in front of the main one, the type of dressing part - the pressure time).

Scheme offer:

(Union when ...) 1, [...] 2.

podid

SUMSH .. Glazh. Union of places. Glasses pr. SUD

Travelers saw, what they are are located on the little polyana. (Shatov., Non-Social., Complex, SNP with VZD. Thanksnaya, 1) Nespras., Dvusost., Full. 2) Capture, dvusost., Afternoon).

[ ____ ], (what…).

The procedure for the syntactic parsing of the non-union complex proposal

Dismissal plan:

Type of proposal for the purpose of statement (narrative, questional or motivating).

Type of detention on emotional coloring (exclamation or unkonsectative).

• Unsoyous.

  Number of parts (allocate grammatical foundations in simple sentences).

  Offer scheme.

Sample parsing:

The song ran out 1 - there were ordinary applause 2. (I.S. Turgenev)

(Narrative, unkonsectant, complex, non-union, consists of two parts, the first part indicates the time of the action of what is said in the second part, there is a dash between parts).)

Scheme offer: