The image of cruel morals of the Dark Kingdom. An essay on the topic "Brutal Mrakov" "Dark Kingdom" in the "Thunderstorm" play

26.06.2020

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Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky was endowed with the great talent of the playwright. He is deservedly considered the founder of the Russian National Theater. His plays, diverse on topics, glorified Russian literature. Ostrovsky's work was democratic. He created the plays in which hatred for an autocrete-fastener regime was manifested. The writer urged the protection of oppressed and humiliated citizens of Russia, eager for social change. The huge merit of Ostrovsky is that he opened the world of merchants to the enlightened public, whose everyday life of the Russian society had a superficial concept. The merchants in Russia provided trade in goods and food, they saw them in the shops, considered uneducated and uninteresting. Ostrovsky showed that almost Shakespearean passions are played in the souls and hearts of people from merchant classes in souls and hearts of people. He was called the Columbus of Zamoskvorechye. The ability of Ostrovsky to approve progressive trends in Russian society fully revealed into the "Thunderstorm" play, published in 1860. The plays found the irreconcilable contradictions between the individual and society. The playwright raises the question of the position of a woman in Russian society in the 1860s. The action of the play occurs in a small Volga Town Kalinov, where the merchant population lives. In his famous article "Light of Light in the Dark Kingdom", the critic of Dobrolyubov so characterizes the life of merchants: "Their life flows smoothly and peacefully, there are no interests of the world to be disturbed, because they do not reach them; Kingdoms can collapse, new countries open, the face of the earth ... Change - the inhabitants of Kalinov's town will continue to exist in the fullest ignorance about the rest of the world ... The concepts and lifestyle they adopted - the best in the world, all new things come from unclean ... Dark Mass, terrible in its naivety and sincerity. " Ostrovsky Against the background of a beautiful landscape draws a slender life of Kalinov's ordinary life. Kuligin, who in the play is opposed to ignorance and arbitrariness of the "Dark Kingdom," says: "Brutal morals, sir, in our city, cruel!" The term "Samoramia" entered the source with the plays of Ostrovsky. Savior of the playwright called the "owners of life", the rich, whom no one was bold. So in the play "Thunderstorm" depicted Savel Prokofievich Wild. Ostrovsky was not accidentally awarded his "talking" surname. Wildly is famous for its wealth, htched deception and exploitation of someone else's labor. He is not written any law. With his nonsense, gross temper, he crosses fear of others, this is a "cruel swear", "piercing man." His wife is forced every morning to persuade others: "Batyushki, do not get angry! Drub, do not get angry! " The impunity corrupt wild, he can shout, offend a man, but this concerns only those who do not resist him. Poliorod belongs to the wilderness, but it does not pay off those who work on it. He explains in love with this: "Well, here it is special, I have for a penny for a penny, and I have a whole state." Pathological greed overshadows his mind. Aruple man Kuligin appeals to the wilderness with a request to give money to the installation in the city of Sunny clock. In response, hears: "What do you climb to me with all sorts of nonsense! Maybe I'm with you and I do not want to say. You had to learn before, is it located to listen to you, fool, or not. So straight with the digit and climb talking. " The wild is completely different in his self-person, he is sure that any court will be on his side: "For others you are an honest person, and I think you are a robber, that's all ... What are you, to sue, what will you be, with me? .. So you know that you are a worm, I will want to give up. " Another bright representative of the "Dark Kingdom" morals is Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova. About her Kuligin responds like this: "Hange. The beggars will dwell, but at all the houses. Kabanova solely rules the house and his family, she was accustomed to unquestioned obedience. In her face, Ostrovsky shows the burnt defender of wild orders of household in families and in life. She is sure that only the fear bonds a family, does not understand what respect is, understanding, a good attitude between people. Kabanikha suspects all in sins, constantly complains of the lack of due respectfulness to the elders from the young generation. "Not so much the older respect ...", "she says. Kabaniha is always prominent, depicts a sacrifice: "The mother is old, stupid; Well, you, young people, smart, should not be with us, with fools, and collect. " Kabanova "I feel in the heart" that the old orders come an end, it is anxious and scary. She turned his native son in a wonderful slave, which is not authorized in his own family, comes only at the pointer of the mother. Tikhon gladly leaves the house, only to relax from the scandals and the oppressive atmosphere of the native home. Dobrolyubov writes: "Savior of Russian life begin, however, feeling some kind of discontent and fear, not knowing about what and why ... besides them, not asking them, another life has grown, with other principles, and although it is also, also Not visible good, but already gives himself to predicate and sends bad visions to the dark arbitrariness of self-masses. " Showing the life of the Russian province, Island draws a picture of extreme retardation, ignorance, rudeness and cruelty that kill around all the living. The life of people depends on the arbitrariness of wild and robes, which are hostile to any manifestations of free thought, self-esteem in man. Showing from the scene the life of the merchants in all its manifestations, the Ostrovsky sentenced the sentence to despotism and spiritual slavery.

The huge merit of Ostrovsky is that he opened the world of merchants to the enlightened public, whose everyday life of the Russian society had a superficial concept. The merchants in Russia provided trade in goods and food, they saw them in the shops, considered uneducated and uninteresting. Ostrovsky showed that almost Shakespearean passions are played in the souls and hearts of people from merchant classes in souls and hearts of people. He was called the Columbus of Zamoskvorechye.

The action of the play occurs in a small Volga Town Kalinov, where the merchant population lives. In his famous article "Light of Light in the Dark Kingdom", the critic of Dobrolyubov so characterizes the life of merchants: "Their life flows smoothly and peacefully, there are no interests of the world to be disturbed, because they do not reach them; Kingdoms can collapse, new countries open, the face of the earth ... Change - the inhabitants of Kalinov's town will continue to exist in the fullest ignorance about the rest of the world ... The concepts and lifestyle they adopted - the best in the world, all new things come from unclean ... Dark Mass, terrible in its naivety and sincerity. "

Ostrovsky Against the background of a beautiful landscape draws a slender life of Kalinov's ordinary life. Kuligin, who in the play is opposed to ignorance and arbitrariness of the "Dark Kingdom," says: "Brutal morals, sir, in our city, cruel!"

The term "Samoramia" entered the source with the plays of Ostrovsky. Savior of the playwright called the "owners of life", the rich, whom no one was bold. So in the play "Thunderstorm" depicted Savel Prokofievich Wild. Ostrovsky was not accidentally awarded his "talking" surname. Wildly is famous for its wealth, htched deception and exploitation of someone else's labor. He is not written any law. With his nonsense, gross temper, he crosses fear of others, this is a "cruel swear", "piercing man." His wife is forced every morning to persuade others: "Batyushki, do not get angry! Drub, do not get angry! " The impunity corrupt wild, he can shout, offend a man, but this concerns only those who do not resist him. Poliorod belongs to the wilderness, but it does not pay off those who work on it. He explains in love with this: "Well, here it is special, I have for a penny for a penny, and I have a whole state." Pathological greed overshadows his mind.

The progressive man Kuligin appeals to the wilderness with a request to give money to the installation in the city of sunny clock. In response, hears: "What do you climb to me with all sorts of nonsense!

Maybe I'm with you and I do not want to say. You had to learn before, is it located to listen to you, fool, or not. So straight with the digit and climb talking. " The wild is completely different in his self-person, he is sure that any court will be on his side: "For others you are an honest person, and I think you are a robber, that's all ... What are you, to sue, what will you be, with me? .. So you know that you are a worm, I will want to give up. "

Another bright representative of the "Dark Kingdom" morals is Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova. About her Kuligin responds like this: "Hange. The beggars will dwell, but at all the houses. Kabanova solely rules the house and his family, she was accustomed to unquestioned obedience. In her face, Ostrovsky shows the burnt defender of wild orders of household in families and in life. She is sure that only the fear bonds a family, does not understand what respect is, understanding, a good attitude between people. Kabanikha suspects all in sins, constantly complains of the lack of due respectfulness to the elders from the young generation. "Not so much the older respect ...", "she says. Kabaniha is always prominent, depicts a sacrifice: "The mother is old, stupid; Well, you, young people, smart, should not be with us, with fools, and collect. "

Kabanova "I feel in the heart" that the old orders come an end, it is anxious and scary. She turned his native son in a wonderful slave, which is not authorized in his own family, comes only at the pointer of the mother. Tikhon gladly leaves the house, only to relax from the scandals and the oppressive atmosphere of the native home.

Dobrolyubov writes: "Savior of Russian life begin, however, feeling some kind of discontent and fear, not knowing about what and why ... besides them, not asking them, another life has grown, with other principles, and although it is also, also Not visible good, but already gives himself to predicate and sends bad visions to the dark arbitrariness of self-masses. "

Showing the life of the Russian province, Island draws a picture of extreme retardation, ignorance, rudeness and cruelty that kill around all the living. The life of people depends on the arbitrariness of wild and robes, which are hostile to any manifestations of free thought, self-esteem in man. Showing from the scene the life of the merchants in all its manifestations, the Ostrovsky sentenced the sentence to despotism and spiritual slavery.

An image of "cruel morals" of the "Dark Kingdom" in the play A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm"

The ability of Ostrovsky to approve progressive trends in Russian society fully revealed into the "Thunderstorm" play, published in 1860. The plays found the irreconcilable contradictions between the individual and society. The playwright raises the question of the position of a woman in Russian society in the 1860s.
The action of the play occurs in a small Volga Town Kalinov, where the merchant population lives. In his famous article "Light of Light in the Dark Kingdom", the critic of Dobrolyubov so characterizes the life of merchants: "Their life flows smoothly and peacefully, there are no interests of the world to be disturbed, because they do not reach them; Kingdoms can collapse, new countries open, the face of the earth ... Change - the inhabitants of Kalinov's town will continue to exist in the fullest ignorance about the rest of the world ... The concepts and lifestyle they adopted - the best in the world, all new things come from unclean ... Dark Mass, terrible in its naivety and sincerity. "

People's poetic and religious in the image of Katerina Kabanova (on the play by A. N. Ostrovsky "Thunderstorm")

In the drama "Thunderstorm", Ostrovsky created a very difficult psychological image - the image of Katerina Kabanova. This young woman has a viewer with its huge, pure soul, children's sincerity and kindness. But she lives in a stale atmosphere of the "Dark Kingdom" of merchant morals. Ostrovsky managed to create a bright and poetic image of a Russian woman from the people. The main storyline of the play is the tragic conflict of a lively, feeling of the soul of Katerina and the dead lifestyle of the "Dark Kingdom" life. Honest and touching Katerina turned out to be a powerful victim of cruel orders of merchant medium. No wonder Dobrolyubov called Katerina "Light Light in the Dark Kingdom." Katerina did not accept despotism and self-immigration; Brought to despair, she challenges the "dark kingdom" and dies. Only so it can save their inner world from a rough pressure. According to critics, for Katerina "Not death of desired, and the life is unbearable. Live for her - it means being yourself. Not to be yourself - it means not to live for her. "

The image of Katerina is built on a populatory basis. Her pure soul is merged with nature. She is like a bird, the image of which in folklore is closely related to the concept of will. "I lived, I didn't heal anything, exactly the bird on the will." Katerina, who fell into the house of Kabanova, as a terrible prison, is often remembered by the parent house, where they were related to her love and understanding. Talking with Barbara, the heroine asks: "... why people do not fly like birds? You know, it sometimes seems to me that I am a bird. " Katerina rifles on the will of the cell, where it is forced to stay until the end of days.

High feelings, the tide of joy and reverence caused religion in it. Beauty and fullness of the soul of the heroine were expressed in prayers to God. "On a sunny day, such a bright post is down from the dome, and smoke goes in this post, exactly the clouds, and I see, it happened that the angels in this post fly and sing. And then it happened ... At night I will stand ... Yes, somewhere in the corner and I pray until the morning. Or early in the morning in the garden I will leave, just only the sun rises, fall on my knees, pray and crying. "

His thoughts and feelings of Katerina expresses poetic folk language. The singular speech of the heroine is painted with love for the world, the use of many diminity-lascal forms characterizes its soul. She says "Sunny", "Voditsa", "Moglushka", often resorts to repeats, as in songs: "On the top three", "and people are disgusting to me, and the house I am fighting, and the walls are disgusting." Trying to throw out feelings boiling in it, Katerina exclaims: "The winds of the violent, bring him to him my sadness!"

The tragedy of Katerina is that she does not know how and does not want to lie. And in the "Dark Kingdom" lies - the basis of life and relationships. Boris tells her: "No one knows about our love ...", for which Katerina answers: "Let everyone know, let everyone see what I do!" In these words, the courageous, one-piece nature of this woman is manifested, risking challenge the philistine morality, to confront society alone.

But, having loved Boris, Katerina joins the fight with his beliefs. She, married woman, feels great sinner. Her faith in God is not a kabani's hypocreter who covers her angrily and mansioniths. The awareness of their own sinfulness, the flour of conscience is pursued by Katerina. She complains of Vare: "Ah, cooking, I have a sin on my mind! How much I, poor, cried, I didn't do on myself! Do not leave me from this sin. Not anywhere. After all, it is not good, because it is a terrible sin, Varnka, what do I like another? " Katerina does not think about the fact that it was above the violence, giving married for the unloved. Her husband, Tikhon, glad to leave home and does not want to protect his wife from the mother-in-law. The heart tells her that her love is the greatest happiness in which there is nothing wrong, but the moral of society and the church does not forgive free manifestation of feelings. Katerina beats among unsolvable questions.

The stress in the play increases, Katerina is afraid of thunderstorms, hears the terrible prophecies of the crazy lady, sees a picture on the wall, depicting a terrible court. In the permanent reason, it rises in his sin. Repentance from the pure heart according to religious laws necessarily requires forgiveness. But people forgot the good, goodbye and loving God, they had a punishing and punishing God. Katerina does not receive forgiveness. It does not want to live and suffer, she has nowhere to go, a loved one turned out to be the same weak and dependent as her husband. All betrayed it. Suicide Church considers a terrible sin, but for Katerina it is an act of despair. It is better to be in hell, than to live in the "Dark Kingdom". The heroine cannot harm anyone, so it decides to leave the life itself. Rushing from the cliff to the Volga, Katerina in the last moment thinks not about his sin, but about love that illuminated her life with great happiness. The last words of Katerina are facing Boris: "My friend! My joy! Goodbye!" One can only hope that God will be merciful to Katerina than people.

The main motives, themes and images of lyrics F. I. Tyutchev

Great Russian poet Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev left the descendants a rich creative heritage. He lived in an era, when Pushkin was created, Zhukovsky, Nekrasov, Tolstoy. Contemporaries considered Tyutchev's intelligible, educated person of their time, called the "real European". From eighteen years old, the poet lived and studied in Europe, and at the homeland of his works became known only in the early 50s of the XIX century.

A distinctive feature of lyrics Tyutchev was that the poet did not seek to redo life, but tried to understand her secrets, her intimate meaning. That is why B. about The easiest part of his poems permeate the philosophical thoughts on the mystery of the universe, about the relationship of the human soul with space.
Tyutchev lyrics thematically can be divided into philosophical, civil, landscape and love. But in each poem, these topics are closely intertwined, turning into amazingly deep in the meaning of the work.

The civil lyrics include the poem "14th December 1825", "over this dark crowd ...", "the last cataclysm" and others. Tyutchev witnessed many historical events in Russian and European history: War with Napoleon, revolution in Europe, the Polish uprising, the Crimean War, the abolition of serfdom in Russia and others. As a man of state-minded, Tyutchev could compare and draw conclusions about the paths of development of different countries.

In the poem "December 14, 1825", dedicated to the uprising of the Decembrists, the poet is angry with autocracy, unrupted the ruling top of Russia:
People, alien treachery,

Write your names -

And your memory from the offspring

As a corpse in the ground, Chereonna.
The poem "Above this dark crowd ..." reminds us by Pushkin-free lyrics. In it, Tyutchev is outraged by "shower and emptiness" in the state and expresses hope for the best future:
... Are you going when, freedom,

Will the beam flashes your golden?
The poem "our age" refers to the philosophical lyrics. In it, the poet reflects on the state of the soul of the modern man to him. There is a lot of strength in the soul, but it is forced to be silent in conditions of non-free:
Not flesh, and the Spirit crushed today,

And a man desperately whining ...

He rushes to the light from the night shadow

And, the light of the acquired, pins and rebuilt.
According to the poet, the man lost faith, without the light of which the soul "wasushable", and the torment of his unbearable. In many poems, the idea sounds that a person did not cope with the mission entrusted to him on Earth and should absorb chaos.

Tyutchev landscape lyrics are filled with philosophical content. The poet says the nature of Mudra and eternal, it exists regardless of man. Meanwhile, he only draws strength for life:
So connected, escaped from century

Union of blood kinship

Reasonable genius of man

With the creative force of nature.

The poem of Tyutchev about the spring "Wound Water" and "Spring Thunderstorm" became very famous and popular. The poet describes the rapid spring, the revival and joy of the nasty world. Spring causes his thoughts about the future. Autumn Poet perceives as a sadness, wilts. She configures on reflections, peace and farewell with nature:

There is an initial autumn

Short but wonderful time -

All day costs as crystal,

And radiant evenings.
From the fall, the poet moves immediately to eternity:
And there, in solemn rest

Exposed in the morning

Shinies white mountain

As an unearthly revelation.
Tyutchev loved autumn very much, no wonder he talks about her: "Stretched, have been done, charming."

In the love lyrics of the poet, the landscape is often connected with the feelings of the hero in love. So, in a wonderful poem "I met you ..." Read:
How late in the fall sometimes

There are days, it happens an hour

When it comes suddenly in spring

And something will start in us.
Denisyevsky cycle, dedicated to his beloved E. A. Denysheva, the relationship of E. A. Denysheva, the relationship with which was continued for 14 years to her death to the masterpieces of Tyutchev's love lyrics. In this cycle, the poet describes in detail the stages of their acquaintance and subsequent life. The poems are confession, as if a personal diary of the poet. The latest poems, written in the death of her beloved, amazed tragic:
Loved you and the way you love -

No, no one has yet managed!

Oh Lord! .. And it is to survive ...

And the heart on the nurses did not bother ...
Lyric Tyutchev rightly entered the Gold Foundation of Russian Poetry. It is saturated with philosophical thoughts and is distinguished by the perfection of the form. Interest in the study of the human soul made lyrics of Tyutchev's immortal.

Homework

1. Select a quote material for the characteristics of Wild and Kabanova.
2. What impression was made on you the central figures "Thunderstorms" - Wild and Cabanova? What brings them closer? Why do they manage to "trirant"? What is the power of their power?

Wild and Kabanov

From the first scenes "Thunderstorms" we fall into the gloomy and stuffy atmosphere of a special world, which with the light hand of N.A. Dobrozbov received the name "Dark Kingdom". This phraseologist - fabulous origin, but the merchant world of "thunderstorms" is deprived of that poetic, mysterious and captivative, which is usually characteristic of a fairy tale. "Brutal morals" reign here, the characteristics of which is deploying in the third phenomenon of the first act of Kuligin.

The task

Turn to the text. Using cooked home material, characterize wild and bounu. What evaluation is given to them already on the first pages of the play?

Answer

Wild and kabanova names are already in exposure.

"There is also a crossover, as we have Savel Prokofich, look back!" - says Shapkin. And then adds: "Good too and kabani".

Kudryash clarifies: "Well, yes, even though, in extremes, everyone under the guise of piety, and this one with a chain frightened."

Kuligin (Shows aside). Look, brother Kudryash, who is it waiting for it there?

Kudryash. It? This is a wild nephew scolding.

K in l and g and n. Found a place!

Kudryash. He is everywhere else. It is afraid that it, he is! I got to him for a sacrifice Boris Grigorich, here he is on him and drives.

W and P to and n. So such a crossover, as we have Savel Prokofich, look more! For nothing man will break through.

Kudryash. Piercing man!

W and P to and n. Good too and kabaniha.

Already the first appearance of the wild on stage reveals his nature.

The task

Read how Wildly talking to Boris.

Answer

Second phenomenon

Wild Babyshi you, what came here came here? Darmond! Loss of you to the Propase!

Boris. Holiday; What to do at home.

Wild You will find a job as you want. Since you told you, two you told you: "Do not dare to meet me"; You all neat! Do you have little place? Wherever you come, here you are! Ugh you, damned! What are you like a pillar, then? Are you talking al no?

Boris. I listen to what I still do!

Wild (looking at Boris). You got! I'm with you and I don't want to speak, with Yezuita. (Leaving.) So imposed!

Question

How does his speech describe his speech?

Answer

Rough and unceremonious. Its speech is impossible to confuse with the language of the remaining characters "Thunderstorms". It characterizes the wild as an extremely coarse and ignorant person. He does not want to know anything about science, culture, inventions that improve life.

The task

Find a place in the text where Kuligin asks for money on a grossival.

Answer

P.267 d. IV, Yavl. II.

The proposal of Kuligina to put the threshing leads it into rabies. He fully justifies this name to him. "How the chain fell out!" - characterizes him Kudryash.

Question

And with all whether rich behaves rich? Let's watch how he talks to Kabanova?

Answer

P.253 D.III, Yavl. II.

Otherwise, he behaves wild with Kabanova, although it's a habit of habit: "You're still that here! What else is the line of water! .." However, that it quickly told him: "Well, you are not very throat! You find cheaper Me! And I'm the road! " Pay attention to how they call each other: Kum, Kuma. So usually in the people appealed to well familiar people. In this scene, there are almost no remarks, the dialogue is calm, peacefully.

Question

Or maybe someone else from the characters "Thunderstorm" to resist wild?

Answer

Yes, Kudryash.

W and P to and n. Having a certain one, so he is fighting!

Kudryash. We have little guys on my place, and then we would disappear it to him.

W and P to and n. What would you do?

Kudryash. Would be injured carefully.

W and P to and n. Like this?

Kudryash. Full time, in the lane, in the alley somewhere would speak with him with an eye on the eye, so he would sing to anyone, just walked yes he looked around.

W and P to and n. No wish he wanted to give you to the soldiers.

Kudryash. I wanted, but did not give it all one thing that nothing. He will not give me me: he feels his nose, then I will not sell my head cheaply. It's a terrible thing to you, and I can talk to him.

W and P to and n. Oh?

Kudryash. What's here: Oh Li! I am bubbered; Why does he keep me? It became, I need me. Well, it means that I am not afraid of him, and he is afraid of me.

W and P to and n. I wonder if he does not scold you?

Kudryash. How not to scold! He can not breathe without it. Yes, I do not descend: he is a word, and I'm ten; Plus, and go. No, I will not worry before him.

Output

Wildly stands in front of the nephew, before domestic, does not retreat before those who are able to give him back. It turns out that the limit of the self-director depends on the degree of humility of others.

Teacher comment

The behavior of Wild and Kabanova can be described in the word that introduced into the literature is Ostrovsky - "Selfar". In one of the plays, he gave an explanation for this concept: "Samodor - this is called, if the man does not listen to anyone, you are at least a number on the head of the Tehi, and he is all".

Ostrovsky not only introduced the word "Samodor" into the literature, but also artistically developed the very phenomenon of Samoram, revealed, on what basis it arises and develops. What does this word mean? Self-alone is usually called those who act in their whim, according to arbitrariness, not believing with others.

Wildly is shown only in three scenes, but the playwright has created a finished image, a type of self-director.

In many scenes, the play is Cabanova, it is much greater than the wilderness, it is allocated in the work of time: it is one of those who actively moves the action, bringing it into a tragic junction.

The task

Describe Kabanov.

Answer

Marfa Ignatievna Kabanova is perceived as a strong and domineering character. She externally calm, owns. But measured, monotonously, without increasing the voices, it isolating homemade with its infinite morals.

Kabaniha is very rich. This can be judged by the fact that her trading affairs go beyond Kalinov (on her instructions Tikhon went to Moscow). She respects wild. But it is not interested in playwright.

Question

What do you think is her role in the play?

Answer

Kabaniha - an expressant of ideas and the principles of the "Dark Kingdom". She understands that some of the money has no money yet, another indispensable condition is the humility of those who have no money. And she sees her care to stop all the possibility of inconsistency.

Question

How does Kabani come to their children? Can I say that Kabanova loves his children?

Answer

She declares her love for children. Perhaps she herself even believes that he loves them. With Barbara, she is talking gentle. Knowing how the label is a fate of a married woman, allows her to stick to the insert.

To Tikhon, she tests maternal jealousy. She does not like how Tikhon draws to Katerina. It seems to her that Katerina selected her son.

The "love" of Kabani to their children is only a hypocritical mask to approve personal power. From her "care" comes to the complete proportion of Tikhon, runs from the house of Varvara.

Question

How does Kabanova affect the surrounding?

Answer

She skillfully uses various techniques to approve their will. Kabaniha knows how to talk and friendly-instructive ("I know, I know that you are not my words, but what to do something, I'm not alien to you, I have a heart hurts about you"), and hypocritically predicted ("Mother Stara , stupid; Well, you, young people, smart, should not be with us, fools, and collect "), and powerfully order (" Look, remember! On my nose to myself, bow to the legs! "). The head of the Kabani is manifested in frequent use of church revolutions: "Oh, sin heavy! It's long to sinless!"; "Only one sin one!".

Question

As one word to characterize the nature of Kabanova?

Answer

Power, despotic.

Question

Is the wilderness despotic?

Answer

The image of the wild looks sometimes comically: it looks too ridiculous about the contradiction of his behavior of the mind, painfully reluctance to part with money.

Question

Who is truly despotic in the play?

Answer

Kabaniha, with her cunning, hypocrisy, cold cruelty, is terrible to truly.

Question

What do you think more is more dangerous for public morality: Samodoria or despotism? Why?

Answer

Despotism. The play shows stagnation, standing in place. The consequences of this are scary and sometimes unpredictable. He primarily hits a person, either swaying it, turning into a mindless artist, or forcing him to catch, adapt, or causing a feeling of protest in it. Stagnation is then possible when it is supported by people who have power. Such in Kalinov and are wild and kabanov.

Output

The power of Wild and Kabanova is based on the frivolous obedience of their loved ones and money. No one can answer tyrants. The inhabitants of the city of Kalinov do not want to change the existing position of things, so Wild and Kabanov continue to triurak unpunished. If the position in Kalinov remains the same, then tyranny will continue for a long time. Wild and Kabanov are the rulers of the "Dark Kingdom": they cannot live otherwise, so their efforts are directed to one goal. This goal is to preserve your power.

Homework

1. Collect the material for the characteristics of Barbara, Kudryash, Boris, Tikhon, Kuligina.
2. In a few words, give a brief description of each of them.

In the drama "Thunderstorm" the author set himself the task of indiscriminate the economic and spiritual tyranny of the "Dark Kingdom". He showed how "a diverting protest against age-old traditions and how old-fashioned entry begins to collapse under pressure of the requirements of life" (A. A. Zarchninov).

The essence of the main conflict is as follows. According to Yu. V. Lebedev, this the conflict between the "Dark Kingdom" and a new person living under the laws of conscience.

The action takes place in the provincial city of Kalinov, located on the banks of the Volga. "The kind of extraordinary! Beauty! The soul rejoices! .. Fifty years I looked for the Volga every day and I can not see everything, "Kulgin says with delight, forcing us and admire the extraordinary scenery.

In the center of Kalinov - the marketplace with trading rows, nearby the old church for the parishioners. It seems that everything is peacefully and calmly in the city. But it is not. For high fences in merchant houses "Tin other life", ugly and repulsive. "Brutal morals, sir, in our city, cruel!" - says Kuligin. Lawlessness and disgrace work in Kalinov. The owners of the city differ in rudeness and cruelty, they mock their households. These are real self-masses, they are ignorant, information about life is obtained from the little strangers.

Kuligin: "And not from thieves they are locked up, and so that people did not see how they eat their home eaten yes, the family is tyranny! And that the tears pours over these constipation, invisible and non-hearing! "

It seems that the inhabitants of the city of Kalinov are fenced off from the whole world. Some dominate and tiranny, others - suffer.

A. N. Ostrovsky carefully "paints" the whole way of closed in four walls of patriarchal and merchant life. At the same time, the playwright acts as a lyrics: depicting the Volga landscape, gives to feel the beauty and attraction of the world of nature, naturalness and initial freedom.

Choosing a venue of the Public Garden of Kalina, Ostrovsky made a natural appearance of all acting Pieces. The Kabanov family appeared when everything became known about the city, and about its inhabitants.

In the drama there are two groups of residents of the provincial city of Kalinov. One of them personifies power of the "Dark Kingdom". It is Kabanova Marfa Ignatievna and Wild Sawa Prokofich - rude, despotic and ignorant, the enemies of all new.

The other group includes the "victims" of the "Dark Kingdom". This is Katerina, Boris, Kuligin, Barbara, Kudryash, Tikhon, humiliated and oppressed, but still capable of protests and in different ways expressing it.

Wild Savel Prokofich - "Piercing man", "Puruator", "Samodor", which means wild, steep heart, abstract man, Dozhai, an attenvenous member of the salary beard, he is in the routine, lubricated boots, stands to boom, speaks low, fought voice ... or wild - small, dry old man with a rare beard and restlessly running eyes; This pathetic in the essence of the man's man is able to lead to the thrill of others.

The power of money, material dependence and the traditional followerness of Kalinovsev - the basis of the wilderness of the wild. The goal of his life is enrichment, and all sorts of enrichment methods: accounting for workers, the robbery of the near, non-payment of money inheritance.

Roughness, ignorance, Branj, Rugan is familiar to Wild, moreover, this is the content of his life, it is defense from all incomprehensible and hostile. Kudryash about Wild: "How the chain fell out!" Passion for curses even stronger if he is asked for money.

Kabanova Marfa Ignatievna - The embodiment of despotism, covered with the dyedness. Kuligin about her: "Hange, sir! The beggars will dwell, but at all the houses.

She constantly and sophistication sharpening her households. For her there is no love, maternal feelings for their children, to Snok Katerina. Feelings are strained by soulless, arbitrariness and pretense. Kabaniha - "Worleyman" and a defender of customs and orders of patriarchal antiquity.

N. A. Dobrolyubov writes: "Savior of Russian life begin, however, feeling some kind of discontent and fear, not knowing before and why. Everything seems to still be fine: the wild whom she wants ... Cabanova keeps still in the fear of his children, makes the daughter-in-law of all the etiquettes of the antiquity, eats it, like RJ iron, considers himself quite infallible ... and everything is somewhat restless , not good. In addition to them, not asking them, another life has grown, with other principles. " (From the article "Light of Light in the Dark Kingdom".)

The cruelty of the Kabanii and the wilderness of the wild have the life-specific historical foundations: the sharper they feel the fragility of their position, the fiercely they defend their foundations, suppress those who think differently, who inspires at least some suspicions. The main "weapon" of subordination, the suppression is fear. As the norm of life - fear, erected into the law. The law in the "Dark Kingdom" and fear of inseparable, we must be afraid, this is keeping order.

Wild and Kabaniha - Typical representatives of the "Dark Kingdom". These are people predators.

Wild	Kabaniha
About him: "Rugator"; "As the chain fell out"	About her: "Everything is under the guise of piety"; "Khunzha, beggars wondering, and home leisurely at all"; "Brewing"; "Sharp as RJ iron"
He himself: "Darmot"; "damn"; "You have fallen"; "silly man"; "I look away"; "What am I - smooth you, or"; "With a snout and climbs talking"; "Robber"; "ASPID"; "Fool" and others.	She herself: "I see what you want will"; "You will not be afraid of, I am suppressed"; "Want to live your will"; "fool"; "Order Whether"; "I must execute that the mother says"; "Where the will is leading," etc.
Output. Wild - the scorer, Grubian, Samodor; Feels his power over people	Output. Kabaniha - Hange, does not tolerate will and irregularity, acts in fear

Kabaniha is terrible wild, since her behavior is hypocritically. Wild - scratcher, Samodor, but all his actions are open. Kabaniha, hiding behind the religion and care for others, suppresses the will. She is most afraid that someone will live in his own way, his will.

Tikhon, Boris, Varvara, Kuligin, Kudryash - "Victims" of the Dark Kingdom.

Tikhon "Good, sincerely loves Katerina." Exhausted by Wachers and Kabani's orders, he thinks how to break out of the house. But in all the humble mother, Tikhon still openly accused her (!) In the death of his wife. Here is his words after the death of his wife: "Good to you, Katya! And I needed to live ... "scary, if alive envy dead.

Boris.- Soft, kind man. He really understands Katerina, but help it is unable; An indecisive, unable to fight for his happiness, Boris chooses the path of humility.

Kuligin - Educated person, self-taught mechanic, talented man from the people. His last name resembles the Nizhny Novgorod inventor of Kulibin. The hero subtlyly feels the beauty of nature and aesthetically standing above other characters: sings the song, quotes Lomonosov. Kuligin advocates for the improvement of the city, he does not enter into a decisive fight against self-directions, more persuades them, convinces something for a common good: trying to persuade wild to give money to the sundial, on a threshold, trying to influence the inhabitants, enlighten them, explaining to the thunderstorms As a phenomenon of nature. The image of self-taught Kuligina helps to understand the basic idea of \u200b\u200bthe play: the idea of \u200b\u200ban imminent death of the "Dark Kingdom". Thus, Kuligin personifies the best part of the inhabitants of the city, but he is alone in his aspirations, so he is considered to be an eccentric. In the image of the hero embodied the eternal motive of grief from the mind.

Varvara Understands the meaninglessness of the protest, she lives according to the principle: "Do what you want, if only Shito yes, it was." For barbarians, a lie is the norm of life. She ran out of the house, but did not conquer.

Kudryash - Desperate, boastful, but at the same time capable of sincere feelings. He is worried about Katerina. His owner is not afraid. "I am Grubian I am, for what he keeps me? It became, I need me. Well, it means that I am not afraid of him, and the forests are afraid of me. "