The history of the creation of romance night sad. Rakhmaninov
Music Yakov Factory
Words L. G.
To you dreams to fly, your name is well
With the moon, in silence, I am sad with flowers.
<1885>
First published in 1885 in the Appendix to the Rainbow magazine, indicating the author of the music of Ya. F. F.G. and the author of words - "L.G.". Under this cryptonym, a romance was published on the music of N. I. Philippovsky "Song of the Spirit" ("He sat on the rock"). There are no other information about the author words. Romance got a wide popularity in the performance of the hopes.
With the authorship of this romance in the collections a full mess. The author of the words (sometimes - writing words) is often indicated by "M. Languages" or "N. Languages" (it is not in mind not the poet of the first half of the XIX century. Nikolai Mikhailovich languages, and his nameor who lived as a consuming back); The author of the music is "M. Shishkin" or "N. Shishkin".
Yakov Prieuza (1840-1920) - Arranger and Pianist of the Moscow Restaurant "Yar". It is the author of a huge number of arrangements and melodies of gypsy romances, and it is difficult for many of them to establish whether he was the initial author or an arguer.
N. I. Shishkin (? -1911) - Obviously, I mean Nikolai Shishkin, from Kursk Gypsy, guitarist and singer of the Sokolovsky Gypsy Choir; After the death of Grigoriya Sokolov headed the choir and inherited the generic Sokolovsky guitar (see the legend of the Sokolovsky guitar). In some publications, the author of the music is indicated by M. I. Shishkin, singer, a guitarist accompaniator Course Panina. On the other hand, Panina accompaniators (1872-1911) are mentioned by K. Vasilyev and N. Shishkin. Mikhail D. Shishkin is also - the author of the romance ("lives the Sea Otrada" and others). From the foregoing, it can be assumed that everywhere there are in mind two people: Nikolai I. Shishkin (erroneously mentioned as M. I. Shishkin) and Mikhail D. Shishkin.
Options (3)
1.
The night of light, the moon shines quietly above the river,
And shines silver blue wave.
Dark forest ... there in the silence of emerald branches
Sawn songs do not sing the nightingale.
Blue flowers bloomed under the moon.
This color is blue - it's in the heart of a dream.
To you dreams to fly, your name whisper.
With the moon in silence, I'm sad with flowers.
A dear friend, gentle friend, I, as before love
On this night, I remember you at the moon.
On this night under the moon, on someone else's side,
Cute friend, gentle friend, remember you about me.
The night of light, the moon shines quietly above the river,
And shines silver blue wave.
2. Night Svetla
Music N. Shishkin
Words M. Langov
Night light. Above a river
The moon shines quietly.
And glitters silver
Blue Wave.
Dark forest ... there in silence
Emerald branches
Ring songs
Does not sing the nightingale.
Under the moon blooming
Blue flowers.
They are in my heart
Awakened dreams.
To you dreams to fly,
Your name whisper.
Dear friend, gentle friend
I'm sad about you.
Night light. Above a river
The moon shines quietly.
And glitters silver
Blue Wave.
On this night under the moon
On someone else's side
Dear friend, gentle friend
Remember you about me.
<1885>
3. Night Svela
Music M. Shishkin
Words N. Langov
Night light. The moon is quietly shining above the river,
And shines silver blue wave.
Dark forest all in the shadow of the emerald branches,
Sawn songs do not sing the nightingale.
Dear friend, gentle friend, I, as before, loving,
At this hour, at the Moon, I remember you.
On this night under the moon, on someone else's side
Dear friend, gentle friend, remember you about me.
Blue flowers bloomed under the moon
This color is blue - this is a heart of a dream.
To you dreams to fly. Your name whisper,
In silence, with the moon, I am sad with flowers.
On this night, under the moon, on someone else's side,
Dear friend, gentle friend, remember you about me ..
As if warmed February ...
As if twenty february, -
Oblaned path sparkles.
Cabinet of faded sadness
At the very bottom of the soul is stored.
Hot Your Ladm
His love burned
And winter twilight fire
Reminded Perron Station.
What is cooked by fate -
Live loans palm lines.
Words try to find
But the lips sealed the lips.
I wanted us love to find
But durable ice fed the road.
And melt unnecessaries
Blind offense - a few.
Music illustration:
Http://www.youtube.com/watch?v\u003dqkpkeyBX2R4 Leonid Saintanenikov
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v\u003djt1d2wwx-p0 Elena Exodzova
Near my lodge, near my lodge
Sad candy burns.
My poems flow, merging and jurry,
We flow streams of love, full of you.
In the darkness of your eyes shine before me,
I smile, I smile,
And I hear sounds, and I hear sounds.
I hear:
"My friend, my gentle friend, love, yours."
"My friend, my gentle friend,
My friend, my gentle friend,
I love yours, love, yours. "
A few words about the history of the creation of Romance A. G. Rubinstein "Night":
The poem is written by A.S. Pushkin in Odessa in 1823. Presumably it is devoted to the Countess Elizabeth Vorontsova.
Alexander Pushkin was born on June 6, 1799, Moscow, Russian Empire
Died10 February 1837 (37 years old), St. Petersburg, Russian Empire
Night
My voice for you and affectionate and languid
Anxiously disturbed night silence.
Near my little candle
Burning; My poems, merging and jurry,
Teach, streams of love, flow, full to you.
In the darkness of your eyes shine before me,
I smile, and I hear sounds:
My friend, my gentle friend ... I love ... Your ... Your! ..
On poems A.S. Pushkin composer A.G. Rubinstein wrote one of his early piano plays - the Romance "Night" (approximately 1850). A number of piano works and romances Rubinstein, including "night", has gained great popularity in wide circles of music lovers while composer. In these genres, the strengths of His talent - Lyrics and the domination of the melodic principle revealed.
Hood A. Bolotov
Today we have romances of Sergei Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov. This is one of the series concert conversations about the romance of Russian composers. We had a concert conversation from this series, dedicated to the Romance of Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky. I plan to continue this series and in the future.
I'll start right away from the quote:
"The name Rakhmaninova occupies one of the first places in the history of Russian culture and is a symbol of high service art. This ministry took a variety of forms: a brilliant pianist, he early showed himself and as an outstanding composer, and then as a talented opera and symphony conductor. Multilateral creative activity, Rakhmaninov embodied the most significant achievements of the Russian culture of the beginning of the 20th century. "
Chronologically Creativity Rachmaninova refers to the period of Russian art, which is called "Silver Age".
Sergey Vasilyevich Rakhmaninov lived from 1873 to 1943 and its 70 years of life divided between Russia (44 years) and America (26 years). He left from Russia at the end of 1917. If you deduct the years of childhood, let's say up to 16 years, it will turn out that the creative life of the great composer, the pianist and the conductor was divided into approximately in half between the two countries.
In one of his memories, Wed wrote:
"In 1917, two weeks after joining the Bolsheviks, I was invited to 10 concerts in Stockholm. The offer was not very interesting - at another time I, perhaps, would not accept it. But here the case seemed very appropriate. I presented a telegram, I received a visa to the royal passport and left for the successful success of success ... I spent the year in the Scandinavian countries. Then went to America ... "
Quote from biography:
"The creative appearance of Rachmaninov-composer is often determined by the words" the most Russian composer ". In this brief and incomplete characteristic, both the objective quality of the style of Rachmaninov, and the place of his heritage in the historical perspective of world music ... Rachmaninov synthesized various trends in Russian art, various thematic and stylistic directions, and united them under one denominator - Russian national style. "
Here are the words of the CP itself:
"I am a Russian composer, and my homeland put a fingerprint on my character and my views. My music is the fruit of my character, and therefore it is Russian music ... I have no country. I had to leave the country where I was born, where I fought and suffered all the grief of youth and where I finally achieved success. "
And one more quote from the SR itself:
"Compose music for me is the same urgent need to breathe or eat: it is one of the necessary functions of life. A constant desire to write music is an existing thirst inside me to express your feelings with sounds, just as I say to express my thoughts. I think that in the life of every composer, music should perform this particular function. Any other would have done her something secondary. "
Today we will deal with only the part of the composite activity of the Wed, which he dedicated to the Russian classical romance. All 83 written Wed romance were created in the period from 1892 to 1911, i.e. In the Russian period of his life. And inspiration for the creation of romances of Wed naturally screams in Russian poetry. The overwhelming majority of CP romances are written on the texts of Russian poets-lyrics of the second half of the 19th century and the border of the 20th century.
Rachmaninov wrote:
"I am very inspired by poetry. After music, I love poetry most. ... I always have poems at hand. Poetry inspires music, because there is a lot of music in the poetry itself. They are like twin sisters. "
So, the music of romances today belongs to Sergey Rachmaninov. In a concert conversation, I, as always, also included some information about the authors of words and vocalist artists.
The Romances of Wed entered their concert repertoire of very many excellent performers of the past and present. In today's selection of romances for listening, I tried to turn on as many different performers as possible. I also note that choosing romances for today's concert conversation from the 611 entries I have also tried to imagine as many different poets as possible, whose poems wrote Music Wed.
I placed listening to romances, mainly in the chronological sequence of their creation. Let's start with the romance to poems Dmitry Meriazhkovsky "Oh No, I pray, do not go". Dmitry Sergeevich Meriazhkovsky (1865 St. Petersburg - 1941, Paris) - Russian writer, poet, critic, translator, historian, religious philosopher, public figure. Husband poetess Zinaida Hippius. A bright representative of the Silver Century, entered the story as one of the founders of Russian symbolism, an outstanding essayist and a literary critic. Rare eruditions, learning, writing talent and the original style were recognized as contemporaries unconditionally. Pooh, selected Wed for Romance - Clean Love Lyrics.
Perform a romance Nikolai Kopylov - Honored Artist of Russia, the leading soloist of the St. Petersburg Opera and Ballet Theater. M. Mussorgsky. Bariton is very beautiful tone. He performed on the best opera scenes of the world, including the United States. The execution manner is distinguished by a high professional culture.
Oh no, pray, do not go! All pain is nothing before separation. I am too happy with this flour, stronger me for my chest, say: "love". I came again, the patient, exhausted and pale. Look, what I am weak, poor, I need your love ... I'm waiting for the torment ahead, like a hand, like a kiss, and about one pray, striking: Oh, be with me, do not go! Oh, be with me, do not go! 1890.The next romance for the words of the wonderful lyrics Athanasius Feta (1820-1892) – "In the silence of the night mystery" Perform Muslim Magomayev (1942-2008). Neither about the Feta, I will not talk about Magomaev. (I have a plan concert conversation about the romance to poems A.Feta.) This romance is most likely, many of you have heard, again undoubted love lyrics.
In the silence of the night mystery Oh, I will be a long time, in the Night's silence a mystery, a cunning cobweb your, smile, gaze, glooming, farts obedient hair, your thick strand, out of thoughts, and call again; To whisper and correct the past expressions of my speeches with you, filled with confusion, and inxicate, in the mind, the cherished name to wake the night darkness, the cherished name to wake the night darkness. Oh, I will be a long time, in the Night's silence a mystery, the cherished name to wake the night darkness.In the queue we have a romance for poems Arseniya Gornishchev-Kutuzov "For a long time my friend". Count Arseniy Arkadyevich Glenchev-Kutuzov, (1848-1913) - Russian Poet, Prose, Publicist. He was a close friend and creative like-minded M.P.Morusorgsky. On the poems of the Glenchev-Kutuzov (Mr.), Mussorgsky wrote two vocal cycles, a musical ballad, and another separate romance. Simplicity and harmony of poems Mr. and their observance inspired different composers. Wed wrote three romances on his poems. Romances on poete poems also wrote C.A.Kui, A.S.Arensky. A.G. I called A. S. Pushkin, F. I. Tyutcheva, A. N. Mikova and A. A. Feta. Especially highly spoke about A.FET.
The very poem "long ago, my friend" is also a classic topics of love lyrics. Severity of separation, then meeting and babysitting.
"We together again, and the days are rushing, as in the sea waves of bats, and the thought of boils, and the songs are pouring from the heart full of you!"
Love, as you know, is a gigantic incentive of inspiration and poets and composers. This is what Wed wrote about this:
"It is very difficult to analyze the source, inspiring creativity. So many factors act here together. And, of course, love, love - never weakens the source of inspiration. She inspires as nothing else. "
At a hairduistic note I wanted to bring an excerpt from the CP conversation with a journalist about the sources of inspiration: "Everything beautiful helps," Rachmaninov said with a smile, which got lost somewhere in the corners of his mouth. Beautiful woman, of course, the source of eternal inspiration. But you have to run away from it and seek privacy, otherwise you do not cook anything, do not bring anything to the end. Wear inspiration in your heart and consciousness, think about inspiration, but for creative work, stay always alone with yourself. "
It was a slight retreat of love as a source of inspiration, since the vast majority of romances are associated with love lyrics.
As for our next romance "Long, my friend", then from the performers of this romance I chose for you Alexey Bolshakova (1914-1979), soloist of the Bolshoi Theater from 1953 to 1975, the People's Artist of the USSR, who sang and recorded a significant number of Russian romances, among them at least five Romances of Wed.
Long ago, my friend Your eyes are sad, I caught in the breakdown of a vague MiG, soaming his farewell to me in the soul to penetrate me. Everything, wandering lonely in the crowd and someone else's chicder and distant, I rushed with a sad dream. The desire of Gasli ... The heart left ... There was a time ... my mind was silent ... for a long time they sat it? But the whirlwind of Svidanya came ... We together again, and the days are rushing, like in the sea waves of bats, and the thought of boils, and the songs are pouring from the heart full of you!And now a well-known Romance Wed on poems A. Pushkin "Do not sing, Beauty, with me". Again, love lyrics. This romance today is part of a riddle concert. You have to guess the artist. She will initially explain the content of romance in English to his listeners, and then it will come. In Russian.
Do not sing, beautiful, with me You are sad songs in Georgia: They remind me of another life and the shore date. Alas! Remind me your cruel tunes and steppe, and night - and under the moon the features of a distant, poor maid. I am a cute ghost, the fatal, see you, forget; But you sing - and I imagine him again. Do not sing, beauty, with me you are sadness in Georgia: remind me of another life and the shore date.Yes, you guessed, so I could only sing the only and unique, magnificent and inaccessible Rene Fleming.
Next short romance called "Child! How the flower are you beautiful. ". Word author (his translation from Heine) Alexey Nikolayevich Plescheev (1825-1893) - Russian writer, poet, translator; Literary and theatrical critic. Many works of the poet have become hosted and considered classics. For the verses of Plescheyev, more than a hundred romances were written to the versators. Wed wrote three romances to the poems of Plescheev. Romance will fulfill - again the concert mystery.
Child! like a flower you are beautiful Light and pure and cute; I look at you ... and admiring, - and again the soul came to life ... I would like my hands on your head; Asking God for you forever beautiful and clean kept. 1845.Yes, Dmitry Khvorostovsky Also the most magnificent baritone on the current planet.
In the queue we have a romance for words MA Davidova "I'm waiting for you". I managed to find a photocopy of the book of the "poem" of the M.David edition of 1899, in St. Petersburg. In the table of contents of the book listed 51 poems and 31 translations. It seems that she was at one time a capable poetess. But no information about M.Davidova could not be found.
Perform a romance Olga Sosnovskaya (Soprano) - Honored Artist of Russia, People's Artist of the Republic of Komi, Winner of the All-Russian and International Vocalist Competitions, Winner of the IV International Competition (2003) of the Performers of the Ancient Russian Romance named after Isabella Yuryeva, President of the International Cultural Foundation "Classics and Modernity", soloist of the Hermitage Theater SPb.
I'm waiting for you! Sunset UGAS, and nights Dark covers come down to Earth ready and hide us. I'm waiting for you! The peace of breath was falling asleep, and separated the day passed forever with the ground. I am waiting for you, tormenting and loving, I think every moment! Fully longing and impatient, I'm waiting for you!And now the romance for words Konstantina Balmont "Island". Cute landscape lyrics. A small marine island inspired poet to a short poem. About Constantine Dmitrievich Balmont, I talked a little in K, about the work of Larisa Novoseltseva. Let me remind you only that he lived from 1867 to 1942 and died in France - a poet symbolist, translator, an essayist, one of the most visible representatives of Russian silver eyelid poetry. For the words of K. Balmont SR wrote three romances.
From ten artists of this romance, a very famous tenor was chosen for me. Nikolay Gedda (1925, the full name Harry Gustav Nikolai Gedda) Swedish opera singer of Russian origin. For 22 years, starting in 1957, Gedda was the leading soloist of the Metropolitan Opera. Gedda sang and recorded more than forty Russian romances and folk songs.
Island The island looks from the sea, his green slopes decorated herbs of thick wreath, violets, anemones. The sheets are woined over it, the waves are slightly splashing around it. Trees are sad, like dreams, as statues, silent. Here barely breathes the breeze, the thunderstorm does not come here, and a serene island is sleeping, falls asleep. 1822.The next romance is called "These Summer Nights". Word author Rathause Daniel Maksimovich (1868-1937) - a fairly famous Russian poet, author of words at least 18 romances. About Rathause we spoke quite detail in K, about Tchaikovsky, who created 6 romances on his words. They wrote romances to his poems and other composers. Although not all literary critics responded positively about the poetry of Daniel Rathause, he was very highly valued Lion Tolstoy. The poem "These Summer Nights" - Love-landscape lyrics. It is no secret that nature can favorge love. Especially summer nights and, of course, the moon. In poetry poem itself, but my opinion, there is nothing outstanding. But together with the music of CP - quite a pretty romance.
Singing will not be someone for you, but Zara Dolukhanova (1918-2007), People's Artist of the USSR, Laureate of the Lenin and Stalinist premiums chosen from the nine performers available. Wonderful, wonderful, adorable singer. I have 75 romances in its execution. I wanted to give you a quote about her:
"In those years, when she subordinated to his art to the public, it did not occur to anyone to consider the singer, choosing a concert path, an artist with a sense of limited responsibility for its capabilities. Possessing the voice of the range in two and a half octave, comfortably feeling in the repertoire of mezzo, and in the repertoire of dramatic soprano and always withstanding the style, whatever music does - from Baha to Tariverdiev, she knew what he was doing, refusing the opera staged, providing Her colleagues imperial style of art and life. The big style of Dolukhanov's burned in the concert stage, where her chamber proximity was approved with each individual viewer. "
These summer nights Lovely, bright lights of the moon are illuminated, give rise to anxiety unclear, gusts awaken in love. Sorrow is forgotten, immense, which is given to the life of sadness, and bliss of graceful fertility revealed by secret force ... and opened each other, unconscious over him, the hearts we are lovers, in these summer nights are beautiful, the light of the bright moon is illuminated. 1893.From lovers of gusts, generated by summer nights and moon, we turn to deeply psychological romance for words Alexey Tolstoy "Do not believe me, friend". Love and psychological lyrics. In love, as you know, there are also tights associated with external causes. But you should not give them a lot of meaning. That's about it and romance.
This graph Alexey Konstantinovich Tolstoy (1817-1875), poetry is completely excellent that you will hear. The verses of A.K. Tolstoy is written by different composers of 46 romances (the environment of the noisy ball; bless you, forests; my bells, etc.). Six of them are written Rachmaninov.
Sings Yuri Glyaev, a wonderful singer who lived a very short life (1930-1986).
Do not believe me, friend When, in an excess of grief, I say that it sobbed you, at low tide, do not believe the treason of the sea, it grows to the ground, loving. I am a fat, the former passion full, my freedom will give you again, and they are running with the opposite noise of the wave from afar for your favorite shores! 1856.The next romance for the words of Semen Naston is pretty saddened, is devoted to the memory of the expensive poet of Woman Natalia Mikhailovna cheap. It is called respectively "Over fresh grave".
Semen Yakovlevich Nadson (1862-1887), who lived only 25 years, was gifted and poetic and musical abilities. Printed in many magazines and newspapers. In March 1885, the first and only lifetime collection of poems poems, who brought him noisy glory and awarded the Pushkin Award of the Academy of Sciences. During the lifetime of the poet, the book was withstanding 5 publications, and before 1917 it had time to repulse it 29 times.
After the death of Nadon, his work received even greater fame. And with the publication of the posthumous works of Nadon, Glory reached his apogee. Young people memorized his poem by heart. Over 100 Nadon poems are laid on music. And although the masterpieces of vocal lyrics on the words of Nadon is not created, it is noteworthy that such outstanding composers as Ts.A. appeared to his works Kyui, A.G. Rubinstein, S.V. Rachmaninov, E.F. Director. In 1962, the Soviet writer (which is slightly strange), the full assembly of Poems S. Nansson came out.
The only vivid impression in the gymnasium period of life Naston was his hot love for Natalia Mikhailovna cheap, sister comrade for gymnasium. Sudden death cheap in March 1879 became another heavy blow to the young man. S.Nadsson dedicated to Natalia cheaply.
Sings the romance Excellent Opera Bariton World Class, rank, perhaps, not less than Hvorostovsky, but noticeably older (for 16 years), Sergey Leferus, Nar. Artist of Russia, winner of the state. The USSR awards, an outstanding singer who won all the opera scenes of the world, laureate of many international vocal competitions. From 1972 to 1978, Leifeferus is a soloist of the Academic Small Opera and Ballet Theater, and then for almost 20 years - leading baritone Kirov (Mariinsky) Theater.
In 1988, S.P. Leferus became the leading soloist of the London Royal Opera and since 1992 - the Metropolitan Opera. Leading active performing activities, Sergey Leifeferus gives master classes and teaches in Berlin, Toronto, Moscow, Boston and Oldborough.
In concert speeches, S. Leferkus sang and recorded 119 Russian romances.
Over fresh graves (Memory N. M. D.) I am once again - and again around the same night and darkness dull. And I'm in thought of fateful standing over the fresh grave: what should I wait for me to live, what to fight and work for: I have more like to love more, I have no one to pray any more! .. 1879In line we have a beautiful and poetic and musical romance for words Ekaterina Beketova "Lilac". I did not find information about Ekaterina myself, I did not find information, and the romance "Lilac" loved and love to perform very many singers, and men and women.
[Somewhat later it turned out that the information about Ekaterina Beketova on the Internet is even very detailed. I still don't get in a sense why I did not find this information at the right time. Here is a brief option: Ekaterina Beketova (Krasnova Ekaterina Andreevna) - Poets, Children's writer and translator, daughter of Professor Andrei Nikolayevich Becketova, senior aunt Alexander Blok. Life dates: 1855-1892. ]
Quote:
"... In the work of Rachmaninov, this romance is allocated by its poetry, hill and special spirituality. The melody is also simple, and planted, and the thought, expressed in the romance, contrary to the maintenance of poems, laid, light and life-affiy. "
Which of us did not seek your happiness in five petals of a lilac flower?
For you, the romance will pay excellent, now the former, soloist BT (from 1944 to 1958) Elizabeth Vladimirovna Noiskaya (1905-1988). I think this name is known to many of you. In our young years, it could be pretty often to hear on the radio, which was then for us the main source of music. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1951), Laureate of the Stalin Prize (1950).
They wrote about her:
"The Shumina had a light voice of the silver tone and immaculately owned vocal techniques. Contemporaries noted in its execution the extraordinary accuracy of phrazing, special warmth and incessia. "
You will hear it yourself.
Lilac In the morning, at the dawn, for Rosy grass, I will go fresh in the morning to breathe; And in a fragrant shadow, where Lilac is crowded, I will go my happiness to look for ... In life, one thing I am destined to find one and that happiness lives in Lilac, not green branches, on fragrant brushes, my poor happiness blooms.Approximately the same generation of excellent female vocalists belongs and Nina Lvovna Dorlyak (1908-1998). She was, as it was written in the Red Book of the Russian pop, "The unrivaled performer of Russian and world vocal music. From 1935 he performed in concerts, including in the ensemble with her husband - S.T. Richter. Their joint concerts invariably gathered the Achlags in many cities in the world. Being a professor at the Moscow Conservatory since 1947, created the school of chamber singing. People's Artist of the USSR (1990). "
Nina Dorlyak will affect you Romance Wed on words Alexey Nikolayevich Apouthin (1840-1893) "That so hard heart is patient beating". This is a translation from A. Mussy, the romance is often called the "passage from the Mussy". (Alfred de Mussse (1810-1857) is a French poet, playwright and prosaik.) Minutes of spiritual confusion and insomnia.
Romances for the words of Apukhtin with you were in the previous K-b. He was friendly with Tchaikovsky, quite a lot of romances were written on his words, including the "Nights insane", "Whether reigns", "a pair of bumps" and others.
That so hard heart is patient Beats, and asks, and is eager for peace? What am I excited, scared in the night? Skawned the door, grooving and having a glowing lamp flashed rays ... My God! Spirit in my chest captured! Someone calls me, whispers sad ... someone entered ... my cell is empty, there is no one, it pierced ... Oh, loneliness, oh, poverty! 1856.But the romance is a completely different character - light, joyful and optimistic - "It is nice here" For words Galina Galina.
Ga''lina is the literary alias, Glafira Adolfovna Eexering (1873-1942). The first her poems were printed in 1895. In 1902, a collection of her poems was released, in 1906 - the second. The verses of Galina, melodic, light, simple in images and language - were at the beginning of the 20th century in many laid on music. In addition to Wed, M. Gnesin, A. Grechaninov, B. Asafiev and others wrote to the verses of Galina Music. Galina also wrote fairy tales for children, stories, translated dramatic works of foreign writers. After the October coup, Galina, along with her husband, also a writer, left abroad. I do not know when I returned, but died in 1942 in Leningrad.
The romance "is good" is quite widely known and popular. I chosen from 22 performers, for you to sing him Hibl Herrisawa, Wonderful modern vocalist, born in 1970, Russian and Abkhaz opera singer (soprano). Soloist, Moscow Music Theater named after Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko, Honored Artist of Russia (2006), People's Artist of the Republic of Abkhazia (2006). Excellent hibli records are on YouTube. I have a record of this romance and in the design of Anna Netrebko, which is now considered to be almost the standard of women's vocal, but I liked the fulfillment of Gersumava.
It is nice here... Look, away the river is lit; A colored carpet of the meadow lay down, whites clouds. There are no people here ... there is silence ... here only God yes. Flowers, yes old pine, yes you, my dream!Once again, change the mood of the romance. The next romance is called "I'm alone again". It is a translation Ivan Bunina of Taras Shevchenko. Love lyrics. Last love. Non-easy psychological situation: You have become sad and gentle with me - I'm afraid that it is a pets for a piece.
Performs Romance International Famous Tenor Vladimir Atlantov. Vladimir Atlantov (1939) was born in the family of opera singers - soloists of the Kirov Theater. Received singing genes from parents. Sit started from 6 years. In 1962, after victories in prestigious competitions, I was sent to Milan to the school of improving the opera singers at the La Scala Theater, where he spent two seasons. In 1966, Atlanta became the winner (First Prize and Gold Medal) of the III International Competition in the Tchaikovsky and him immediately accepted into a large theater. In 1978, Atlantov, among the seven best tenors of the world, was invited to speak at a concert dedicated to the 100-year anniversary Enrico Cairo, in the Naples Theater "San Carlo". After 22x years in BT, in 1988, Vladimir Atlantov left him, continuing his opera career abroad, speaking on the best scenes of the world (La Scala, Metropolitan Opera, Covent Garden, Vienna State Opera, etc.) Like many other opera singers , Atlanta performed the Russian romance as classic and urban (eg. Wicket). I have 28 records of Atlantov, of which 9 are Rakhmaninov's romances.
I am alone again How light like spring! Looking my eyes, as it happened, and say: why are you sad? Why did you like it? But you are silent, weak, like a flower ... oh, silent! I do not need to recognize: I learned this caress of the train, - I am again alone!We have another sad romance in line. He is called "Night sad". Romance, as a vocal genre, is different from the song, which is most often a dramatic monologue, expressing strong psychological experiences. Such and the next romance for poems Ivan Bunina (1870-1953).
Let me remind you to briefly: Ivan Bunin - a writer, poet, honorary academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1909), Nobel Prize winner in 1933 literature. Before the revolution, the Bunin was awarded the Pushkin Prize twice. After the revolution, emigrated to France. In emigration, the Diary "The Okayan Days" was conducted, partially lost, struck contemporaries with the accuracy of language and passionate hatred for the Bolsheviks. After the war, he was thinking about returning to his homeland, but after the decision on the magazines "Star" and "Leningrad" (1946), who trampled A. Akhmatov and M. Zoshchenko forever refused this thought. He died in one year with Stalin in poverty from severe illness. He was buried in the Cemetery of St. Geneva-de-Bois in France. In the period 1929-1954 The works of Bunin in the USSR were not published. After the death of Stalin - the most published writer in the USSR writer of the first wave of Russian emigration. However, some of the works (the same "casty days") were printed only with the beginning of restructuring.
I will only add that Ivan Bunin brilliantly translated the "Song of Guyavate" of the famous American poet Henry Longfello.
Sing for you will be the famous bass Alexander Pirogov (1899-1964). In 1924-1954 The soloist of the Bolshoi Theater, where came out 1100 times. People's Artist of the USSR, Winner of the Stalin Prize. He also acted as a chamber singer, in his repertoire there were romances of Russian composers, folk songs. He possessed a voice of rare beauty and expressiveness, a wide range and unique tides. In my meeting - 112 of his records.
Night sadnesslike my dreams. Far in the deaf steppe with a wide light flickering lonely ... in the heart there are many sadness and love. But who and how to tell you, that calls you than the heart is full! The path is far away, the deaf steppe is silent, the night is sad, as my dreams.Next romance for words Andrei White "To her". The classic theme of love lyrics - longing for your beloved. About Andrei White I told quite recently, on some of his poems wrote music Larisa Novoseltseva.
The performer chosen by me - Natalia Spileler (1909-1995) maybe you remember this name. Natalia Dmitrievna Spieller, as well as Elizabeth Shuman, one of the representatives of the Golden Epoch of the Bolshoi Theater of the USSR. People's Artist of the RSFSR, three Stalinist Prizes.
Here is a quote from the Soviet press:
"N. D. Spieller is an outstanding vocalist: its beautiful and wide voice sounds impeccably sounds in all registers. The intonation side of the execution of flawless, phrazing is completed and expressive. The main quality inherent in N. D. Spieller, like a singer and artist, is the nobility of taste and a rare sense of style. This feeling is the faithful companion of her performing art and never deceives it. N. D. Spieller is an excellent chamber singer. Creativity - N. D. Spileler - Synthesis of a discerning thought, noble feeling and magnificent skill. "
Let us turn to Rakhmaninovsky Romance for Poems Igor Northerner "Daisy". Igor Northerner (1887-1941) I remembered more than once in the previous concert conversations. Russian poet of the Silver Century. I remind you only that Northerner was elected the public "King of poets" on speech at the Moscow Polytechnic Museum in 1918. In the same 1918, emigrated to Estonia. After the accession of Estonia to the Soviet Union in 1940 resumed creative activity, trying to publish in Soviet press. He died in the occupied by the Germans Tallinn. The famous poem of Northerner "Pineapples in Champagne" exists with a dozen music options. The poem "Daisy" is a landscape lyrics, with a completely unexpected turn to the love lyrics at the very end.
Perform a romance Irina Maslennikova (1918). Irina Ivanovna Maslennikova until 1960 is the leading soloist of the Bolshoi Theater of the USSR. An active concert activity has led. From 1956 to 1974 he taught at the vocal branch of GTIISA, and since 1974 he began to teach at the Moscow Conservatory (he teaches to this day). Author 15 opera libretto. The director of the director of the opera performances, the main director of the Bolshoi Theater B. A. Pokrovsky (1912-2009). Was wife Lemeshieva. On the Internet there are full records of the seven operas with the participation of I. Maslennikova.
Here is a quote from Galina Vishnevskaya:
"When I came to a large theater in 1952, Irina Ivanovna was an already formed by a master, a real singer, fine, with a unique performing manner. She was charming on stage. ... she had an adorable, very recognizable voice. This voice was ... only her inherent in the timbre was individuality. ... Irina Ivanovna has always distinguished musicality and a large culture. ... Maslenikova had an amazing feature to attach attention. It was a mystery, some kind of magnetism. "
I have 30 records of romances with Irina Maslennikova.
(You, I think, remember that there was also an excellent singer BC Leokadia Maslennikov. Single-name. It's curious that Leokady also born in 1918, also until 1960 was a BT soloist, who also taught in Gitis since 1956. Died in 1995.)
Margaritka Oh, look! How many daisies - and there, and here ... they bloom; a lot of them; their excess; They bloom. Their triangled petals - like wings, like white silk ... You are a summer power! You are the joy of plea! You are a light regiment! Prepare, Earth, colors made of razel, give juice stalk ... oh, girls! Oh, stars daisies! I love you...And now on words M.Yu.Lermontova, Romance "The gates of the abode of the Holy" This, in general, a love lyrics based on comparison with one real situation. The history of creating a poem, which M.Lermonts called "begging" was preserved.
In the publication "M. Y. Lermontov in the memoirs of contemporaries. " (M.: Art. Lit., 1989) There are memories E.A. Sushkova (four-day journey on foot from Tarkhan in Troitz-Sergiev Lavra and the Resurrection Monastery):
"... For the fourth day, we came to the laurel exhausted and hungry. In the restaurant, we changed the dresses dressed, wash and hurried to the monastery to serve prayers. On Paroti, we met blind beggar. He dragged her shake handed his wooden cup, we all pumped to him small money; I hear the sound of coins, the poor thing was baptized, I became thanked us, saying: "God went to you, good gentlemen; But the Namednie also came here, too, the Lord, too, young, and Shaluns, I needed to be necessary for me: I put the full cup of pebbles. God with them! "
Prying with holy worshi, we hurriedly returned home to dine and relax. We all fussed around the table in an impatient waiting for lunch, one Lermontov did not participate in our troubles; He stood on his knees in front of the chair, the pencil quickly ran around the shower of gray paper, and he seemed to not notice us, did not hear how we were noisy, sitting down for lunch and taking a bump. Having finished writing, he jumped up, shook his head, sat down on the remaining chair against me and handed me the poems newly familiar from under his pencil:
(Botvinya - Cold Kushany from Kvass with boiled beet buckle, onions and fish.)
Sing will be modern, still pretty young, bass Valery Gilmans, BT soloist, which is sometimes called one of the most soniced bass in the world. Valery Gilmanov performs in the Bolshoi Theater since 2002, and before that he was a soloist of the Novosibirsk State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater.
Penultimate we have a short lyrical romance for words Galina "At my window". Again, landscape loving lyrics, i.e. Basically about the cherry and a little bit of love.
Sings everyone well known, you can safely say glorified, who left this world last year at the age of 85, the soloist of the Bolshoi Theater (1956-1988). People's Artist of the USSR (1966). Hero of Socialist Labor (1984), Laureate of the Lenin Prize (1978) and State Prize of the Russian Federation (1996) Irina Konstantinovna Arkhipova. IK Archipova, for his creative life, sang a lot of romances and folk songs, I have her 85 entries, in fact, perhaps exists and more. In the 1980s, he made a cycle of concerts "Anthology of the Russian Romance". The author of the books: "My Muse" (1992), "Life Music" (1997), "Brand named" I "" (2005). Putin already presented to her on May 5, 2005, the Order of St. Andrew First-Called. Located in the Russian book of records as the titled Russian singer. The name "Arkhipova" received a small planet number 4424 (1995). In 2010, the documentary film "Irina Arkhipova. Architecture of harmony. " In 1996, the Archkova was awarded the World Prize of the Arts "Brilliant Lear" and the title "Goddess of Arts".
Quote from the necrologist:
"She became a world-wide star at the time when Opera had not listened to Youtube, and she was rightfully called the best Russian mezzo-soprano for the second half of the XX century. Arkhipova was one of those singers who created and supported the reputation of the Russian vocal school, the first swallow from the USSR in the world opera. "
At my window The cherry blooms, blooms thoughtfully under the rhiza silver ... and the twig of fresh and fragrant bowed and calling ... her fluttering air lobes I am happily catching funny breath, their sweet aroma mist me consciousness, and songs about love they sing without words ... 19 at my archup window and
* * *
And we will finish today comic romance for words Peter Vyazemsky "Did you have?". Petr Andreevich Vyazemsky (1792- 1878) - Prince, Russian Poet, literary critic. Member of the Russian Academy (1839). Father of the historian of literature and the archaeograph of Pavel Vyazemsky. When creating a romance, SV slightly changed the words of Vyazemsky.
Sing will be the excellent bass, also the famous and well-known, now the History Evgeny Nesterenko (1938), Opera singer and teacher. He performed on the best scenes of the world, sang more than 50 leading opera parties, is the author of over 200 printed works. People's Artist of the USSR (1976), Laureate of the Lenin Award (1982), Hero of Socialist Labor (1988), laureate of many international competitions and the cavalier of numerous domestic and foreign awards. On May 11, 2008, in honor of the 70th anniversary of Evgenia Nesterenko, the Speak of Nabucco was held in the Bolshoi Theater, in which the singer successfully fulfilled the batch of Zechariah. Currently lives in Moscow and in Vienna, teaches in the Vienna Music Academy.
("Nabucco", or "Nabucco) - Opera Giuseppe Verdi, based on the events described in the Bible. It was this opera who is the third in the work of Verdi, brought him true fame. It tells about the disasters of Jews, about their Willyanian captures, and then abscess to the homeland of the King of Babylon Nebuchadnezzar. The opera includes the famous "Choir of Jews" - "Fly, thought, on gold wings". "Nabucco" from the first stage had a grand success with the public).)
Chalo- vocal music is a favorite sphere in the work of Glinka, to which he turned throughout his life . It includes more than 70 songs and romances (including the "Farewell to Petersburg" cycleon the words N.V. Puppeteer).These are mainly lyrical writings that have not lost relations with the established traditions.
On the style of Romance Glinka influenced:
russian household romance, city song;
melody of the Russian folk song;
italian style Bel Canto. Glinka was in Italy in 1830-1833, and he could have "on the spot" to familiarize himself with Italian music. He was personally familiar with Bellini and Donizetti, often visited the theater, after which I played the memorized melodies. The "Italian" romance of Glinka includes the "winner" and "Venetian night", written in Milan.
Glinka's vocals are distinguished by Mozartov's perfection. The earliest among them can be attributed to the classics of the Russian romance: "Do not tempt" (1825), "Poor singer" (1826), "Say, why" (1827), "Do not sing, beautiful, with me" (first "East »Romance Glinka and the first appeal to Pushkin's poetry, 1828).
The vocal work of the composer is connected with the most popular genresXIX. century - Elegy, "Russian Songs", Baladowa (typical for creativity A.A. Alyabyeva, A.N. Verst, A.P. Esaulova).All these genres raised by Glinka to the new art level.
"Russian songs" , where urban romance lyrics closes with folk images , they are dramatically stand out among the romances of young Glinka underlined simplicity of presentation. These are the songs, the whole image is enjoyed here in the melody, the piano party plays a very modest role of a harmonic support. Most of them are written on the words A.A. Deligus, connoisseur and fans of folk poetry ("Oh, you, night, night" ).
Romance"Do not tempt me without need" (poemsE.A. Baratyan) is a classic sample genreelegy , with a typical smoothness of a melodic line, the initial ascending seven, sensitive arrests ("sighs"). Even none of the Russian contemporaries of Glinka did not reach that artistic perfection, with whom he handed over the psychological subtext of the poem. For the external restraint speaking about the cooled feeling, the composer heard lively excitement.
The bureaver composition is built in perfect accordance with the verse composition.Each verse is a simple two-part form. Melody of the first part( a.- moll.) It is distinguished by restrainedtrematitude, narration, there are no clear climax in it. The second part begins in a parallel major( C.- dur), but Major "shaded" by chromatism. Contrary to the words, talking about the disbelief in love, the music is filled with alive and trembling feeling. The intonation is acquired by a pathetic character, especially in the culmination phrase ("and can't get out again").
In a later romance"Doubt" (Nestor's words of the puppeteer, 1838)the features of Elegy are rethought in a dramatic key . A romantic "poetry of grief" comes to replace the dreamy lyrics.The sad ringtone of the romance, at first the measured and discreet, gradually expands in the range. Its smooth flow is interrupted by short exclamations, focusing the most noticeable words of the text ("I pay, I am a guard"). The excitement of these exclamations is consistently increasing.
The middle part ("in vain hope ...") was built on the development of the same "exclamation" Mr. in circulation (descending mind.3). Thus, the patestical motive, which is the culmination of the per prior part, as if fills in the entire middle part, more agitated, unstable.
One of the vertices in the development of the vocal genreballet is fantasy"Night view" on the words V.A. Zhukovsky . She was written shortly after the completion of the Opera "Life for the King".Relying on the romantic legend about Napoleon, standing at night from the coffin, Glinka paints a fantastic picture of the night parade of the dead troops.
"Night review" is an original example of Glinka recitation. Often, applying the declaration principle, the composer did not strive to musical reproduction of speaking intonation (which is so characteristic, for example, for Dargomyzhsky and Mussorgsky). In most cases, it reduces the melody to rhythmic chanting on one sound. Many episodes of "night look" are approaching the character to the opera "melodrama" - speech declaration against the background of instrumental support.
Using the varying-bought shape, the glint combines its march movement. The piano party depicts the fraction of the military drum, the sound of Litavr, pipes. The most significant moment in the development of the plot is the emergence of the hero of the narrative, the commander, emphasized the tonal shift (f.- moll.— DES.- dur).
Romances on poems A.S. Pushkin
Glinka chamber-vocal music flourishing is at the end of the 30s - 40s, which can be called "Pushkin Sometimes" in his work. Glinka deeped and rather other contemporaries Pushkina handed over in his music the completeness and harmony of life-viscosity peculiar to his poetry.
In total, Glinka created on the poems of Pushkin ten romances, two of them appeared during the lifetime of the poet - "do not sing, beautiful, with me" (Georgian song) and "I am here, Inesilee." Most of Pushkin romances of the composer refers to the mature period of his creativity .
For Pushkin's compositions, Glinka is characterized by a complete merger of the poetic image and his musical reading. With the gift of musical generalization inherent in him, he grabs the main mood of the text of the poem and transfers it to the finished melody, following the nuances of poetic speech.
Most often, the composer appeals either to an early, lyceum, lyrics of Pushkin, or to poems, to one degree or another, the line of this youth lyrics ("where our rose", "the fire of the desire burns in the blood," "Cooling Cup", partly "Adele" and "Mary"). The general nature of these romances is raised, joyful, expressing the "joy of being" ("The fire is burning in the blood" ).
The romance became the generally accepted masterpiece of Russian music."I remember a wonderful moment" dedicated to E.E. Kerne (1840).All Pushkin expressed in this beautiful poem was experienced and felt by Glinka . Perhaps that is why it arose here such a harmonious connection of the immediacy of the feeling and the highest skill.
The main emotional-semantic moments of the plot (meeting, separation, new meeting) were reflected in a complex three-part form, quite rare in vocal music.
Romance is framed by a piano theme built on the main motive of the vocal melody. This motive originates fromV. Lada steps that are combined withVI. Glinka harmonizes this intonation dominant nonaccord.
Plenitive CantileneI. Parts sounds against the backdrop of light arf-like piano figures. Separate details expressively fix the thinnest nuances of Pushkin Speech (on the words "as a fleeting vision" melody becomes very light and air due to syncope). The first harmonic turnover (T-II. 2 - D. 6/5 -T)makes remember Bach, fragile and sublime first prelude from "HTC". It is unlikely that Glinka deliberately focused on her music. Similarity could be caused by the inner relationship of images - in both cases an idea of \u200b\u200ba great ideal arises.
In the middle part ("marks"), the vocal party is converted into an agitated speaking with clear chant of text. Its tonality occurs as a bright contrast comparison - after cadence inC.- durshift B.As- dur. Piano tirats in bass, chord rehearsals emphasize restless excitement. The "fleeting vision" disappeared, the harsh reality approached ...
The second quarter the second stanza ("In the wilderness, in the darkness of the sharpening"), Glinka is interpreted as the deployed preprise. It is slow, hindered by syncopes in the form of form-tepiano rise to the climax.
Reprise is marked with new expressive details. Harmony enriched, multiple repetitions of the Union "and" transmit lively the joy of the meeting:
And the heart beats in the jet,
And for him resurrected again
And deity and inspiration
And life, and tears, and love.
The romance ends with a jumped code with its rapid trepid piano party and bright, on the full breathing of sounding climax.
Through the Spanish poems of Pushkin, Spain entered Russian music. Glinka wrote two Spanish romance - "I'm here, Inesilee" (1834) and "Night Million" (1838).
The most original line of romance"I'm here, Inesilee" It is the desire to dramatize the song form. In the traditional framework of Romance-Serenada, Glinka creates a whole scene from Spanish life, a complete living movement, changing contradictory feelings.
Romance is written in a three-part form with the repetition of the middle and reprises (three-five-party). The first and third parts of the romance are a serenade that the hero sings under the window of beauties, not yet expressing his own, personal feeling. In the middle part, the nature of music changes noticeably: only the "guitar" accompaniment remains from the serenade. Melody loses its dance frequency, it is torn by pauses, questioning and exclamation intonations.
Romance"Night Marshmallow" having a similar composition with "Inesilee", still applies to another type. It is rather a romance picture, the picturesque sound test of which is largely close to "Nights in Madrid".Landscape background (framing parts) contrasting the love scene (gentle serenade in the middle section).These two images are sharply opposed and tonally( F.- dur - A.- dur), and thematically.
Vocal cycle "Farewell to Petersburg" (1840)
Your only vocal cycleGlinka wrote during work on "Ruslana and Lyudmila". Series of twelve romances on poems Nestor Puppeteer Not connected by a single storyline for development. At the same time, in this romance, one way or another was reflected in the state of the composer, which dreamed of leave the northern capital under the influence of personal adversity and the "shame of petty offense". The topic of farewell from the homeland unites if not all, most of the songs of the cycle.
It does not always have a tragic sound. "Knight Romance" breathes courage. The paintings of their native nature come to life in Zhavoronka, in the "lullaby" - memories of childhood.The paintings of other people's edges arise in the "Jewish song", Barcarole "fell asleep blue", Spanish romance "Oh, Wonderful Maternity", "Stop, my faithful drill horse."
Light, festive interpretation gets the topic of the road in"Backway song" . Her words were written by the puppeteer in the already written music, and the crowded merger of music and words in this case speaks of the undoubted musicality of the puppeteer.
The first part of the "passing" resembles the instrumental plays like« perpetuummobile" Her music reports Cheerful bustle, joyful impatience of a crowd waiting for a train. Ripple vocal phrases are based on the patter:
Smoke pillar, boils, smoke a steamer!
Drops, rampant, excitement, expectation, impatience ...
Clear Rhythm Piano Partyassociate with the crossing of the wheels.
In the middle part ("No, the secret Duma flies faster ...", Parallel Minor) The nature of the music changes dramatically: it conveys the spiritual state of the hero, his excitement in anticipation of the meeting. The vocal party becomes much plastic, franior.
The opposition of contrasting images in the "passing song" is highly chained for Glinka. A similar contrasting composition almost does not occur in the romance of its predecessors, mostly built on the development of one lyrical image.
INlate Romance Glinka (the end of the 40s - 50s) increases the psychological principle and tragic-mournful moods ("Song of Margarita", "Prayer", "You will soon take me to me", "Don't say that the heart is painful"). The romances of this time can be attributed to dramatic monologues.
Glinka himself was an outstanding singer, under the direct influence of which the Russian vocal school was evolved. He gave singing lessons, prepared the opera parties and a chamber repertoire with such singers as O.A. Petrov, A.Ya. Vorobyeva-Petrov and others. His first vocal experiments belong to the 20thXIX. century (the earliest romance - "my harp" on the words of Bakhturin), the last romance dated 1856("Do not say that the heart is painful").
"Oh, you, dressed in", "Oh, you, the night of Lee, night", "that, beauty Mo-Loda", "Grandfather", "Autumn night".
Zhukovsky -one of the favorite Glinka poets. He wrote 6 romances to his poems: "Poor singer" (1826), "shines a month in the cemetery" (1826), "Voice from that Light" (1829), "Winner" (1832), "Dubrava Noum" (1834) and "Night-looking" (end of winter 1836/37). The first three is the tribute to the youthful passion, the three subsequent are already the mature period of the creative period.
The death of Pushkin strengthened creative interest in his personality and creativity. In 1838, three romances of Glinka appear - "the fire burns in the blood", "where our rose" and "night marshmallow", in the 1840s two more - "recognition" and "I remember a wonderful moment." Subsequently, in the year of the 50th anniversary of the poet's birth, Glinka wrote two more romances - "I drink for the health of Mary" (1849) and "Adele" (1849).
Pushkin's poem is dedicated to the first beauty of St. Petersburg Anna Kern. Glinka years later fell in love with her daughter, Catherine.
The friendship of Glinka with Nestor's puppeteer, many considered strange. The puppeteer, easily and quickly writing poems, was quite superficial and vain. However, Glinka in his face found a grateful and understanding listener.
This essay arose under the impression of the opening of the railway between St. Petersburg and Pavlovsky through the royal village in 1837.
Romances S.V. Rakhmaninov is called his spiritual confession. A lot of creations were created by the composer in this genre - about eight dozen, each of which is distinguished by amazing sincerity. Such a focus of Sergey Vasilyevich to vocal essays is quite explained - he often talked about what he loves poetry and always erected her to the second honorable place after the music.
History of creation
Tracting to writing manifested itself Rachmaninova Back in childhood, however, he initially preferred to improvise, without driving himself fixing notes on paper. But the future great composer began to record his creations only since 1887, and immediately tried his hand in different genres, including vocal. However, there are no information about the writings for the voice of those years, because Rachmaninov did not consider them important and did not try to save. The composer decided to start his vocal creations since 1890, when his writings were written for the voice "At the Mistress of the Holy Covenant" for the words M. Lermontov and "I will not tell you anything" to the words A. Feta, designated by him as № 1 and no 2. Since then, the romance has become one of their favorite genres Rakhmaninov, and he regularly returned to him in his work. If these essays of the first years were very similar about music style P.I. TchaikovskyIn the vocal writings of 1891, the influence of E. Grieg is clearly heard. It is about two romances: "It was in April", written in the French text E. Pieron, and "felt" to the words of A. Tolstoy.
In the period after graduating from the Moscow Conservatory and until the second half of the 1890s, Sergei Vasilyevich was written three opuse of writing. They have already clearly outlined the features of the creative individuality of Rakhmaninov, and becomes an obvious interpretation of a romance genre characteristic of his pen, when a wide and expressive vocal melody is organically merged with a virtuoso piano party rich in colorful shades.
The six romances that were written until mid-1893 entered Op.4. The best essay of this group is considered the romance "in the Night Mystery" (poems A. Feta), which was addressed to the relative of Maestro V.D. Scallen.
Op.8 romances were compressed in the fall of 1983 and became a kind of response to leaving the life of popular at the time of the poet N. Plesechev. Curiously, he had never seen him on Rakhmaninov himself, and he knew him only on the books and the words of his acquaintances. Perhaps he heard something about the great poet from his grandfather Arkady Alexandrovich, who not only knew him well, but he devoted him a few of his romances. This opus includes six essays, the most famous of which they are considered "Child, like a flower you are beautiful!" and dream".
In 1896, another cycle of 12 romances appeared on the light, which was indicated by OP. 14. Since during this period, Rachmaninov was still looking for his style, this opus is very divergent in images. The poems that Sergei Vasilyevich used are unequal. Among their authors there are recognized masters of poetic text, such as A. Tolstoy, F. Tyutchev, A. Fet and others, as well as the poets of N. Minsk and K. Balmont, little-known in those days. The most popular romance from this cycle during Rakhmaninov was "Spring Waters".
In the spring of 1902, the next, the 21st Opus of the Works for Voice, which included 12 works. Among them, it is difficult to single out something particularly outstanding - all romances of this cycle can be safely attributed to the highest masterpieces of Rakhmaninovsky creativity. The most famous of the creations of this opus can be considered "Lilac" on the words of E. Beketova and "here well" on the verses of Galkina.
Four years later, Rachmaninov completes a group of romances that are combined under open No. 26. This cycle of fifteen works is distinguished among others by its stylistic features that are associated with the opera castors of the composer. That is why some of its writings from this group are the character of a dramatic monologue. As such, for example, belongs to the Romance "We will rest" to the words A. Chekhov.
The 36th opus was fourteen romances. Twelve of them were recorded in the ranking of 1912, one called "can not be" was published in two years earlier, in 1910, and "Vocaliz" was composed in 1915 and was added to the group later. In this opus, the interest of Rachmaninov to Pushkin poetry is attracted. If earlier he addressed her once in the romance "Do not sing a beauty with me," here three works are written here - "Muza", "Storm" and "Arion". In addition, the composer used poems K. Balmont, F. Tyutchev, A. Feta and many others.
A special place in the creative heritage of Rakhmaninov occupies his last chamber-vocal cycle of six romances marked with opus No. 38. A distinctive feature of this group of works written in 1916 are poetic sources - they all belong to Peru of modern composer of authors who have sought to update the images and means of poetics. The best romances in this cycle Rakhmaninov considered "daisy" and "rats".
Interesting Facts
- The grandfather of the composer Arkady Alexandrovich was a musically gifted man and loved to play the piano. He lived 73 years old and until the last time for a few hours a day he spent at the musical instrument. He also composed and especially loved romances and piano plays, like his grandson. Some of his creations were published, but most of them are lost. 11 works of Arkady Alexandrovich reached this day, among which 7 romances and 3 vocal duets.
- Arkady Alexandrovich Rakhmaninov wrote a romance for the words A.N. Plescheyev "Sleep". Many years later, Sergey Vasilyevich took the same poems for their vocal essay.
- Romance for the words A. Tolstoy "You remember whether the evening" Rachmaninov considered the most unsuccessful among all his vocal creations.
- The romance "In the Night Mystery" was composed on October 17, 1890, but afterwards the composer was repeatedly returned to him and rewritten separate fragments. The final version of this work, which today sounds in concert halls, is little similar to the initial version.
- In the creative heritage of the Grand Composer, there are other writings that bear the name "Romance" - for example, the second part in the Quarter number 1 and the first play for the violin in Pub No. 6.
- Your first fee in the amount of 500 rubles, received from the publisher K. Guthen for printing the key " Aleco", Two plays for Cello Op.2 and six romances Op.4, Rachmaninov could not spend, because he immediately redeemed his debts.
- Romance "Spring Water" during the time of Rakhmaninov had a very curious interpretation. Revolutionaries heard in the gusts of the awakening nature of calls for the struggle and the rise of public self-consciousness. About how this vocal essay helped to be freed from the age-old oppression, now you can read in the musical literature of Soviet times.
- The composition of the writings "Fate" from Op.21 Rakhmaninov put the most famous motive from the Beethoven Fifth Symphony. This romance is devoted to F. Shalyapin, which preferably and performed his first time after creation.
- In the heart of the greatest maestro, the love broke out more than once, which inspired him to writing romances. It was under the influence of this feeling "in the Nights of the night mystery" (ambassadors. V. Scalon), "Oh no, I don't leave for a prayer" (Enivers A. Lomodenseskaya), "Do not sing a beauty with me (En. N. Satina) .
- Being in emigration, Rachmaninov did not write a single romance.
Sergey Vasilyevich considered a romance genre ideal for the embodiment of lyrical experiences. That is why the lyrical sphere prevails in his vocal opres, and the humorous, household and tragic images are found very rarely.
Even in the early years, Rachmaninov often turned to the genre of Russian lyrical songs, which could be explained to the heritage of Tchaikovsky. Especially acute it is heard in the romance " I loved my sorrow my"And" Wow, my Niva" The composer selects such poetic texts, where it is narrated by suffering from love and unbearable spiritual torments. This topic is related to Eastern poetry, which was also not alien to Rakhmaninov. Exotic »Compositions make up a separate branch in his vocal work - the famous romance" Do not sing a beauty with me", As well as sketches" She is like noon good», « In my soul», « I have at night in the garden" other. True, orientalism in these compositions is more conditional, and not so distinctly recreated, as in writings M. Balakirev.
In his vocal music, Rachmaninov managed to show himself as a magnificent master brush and paint, "drawn" a real gallery of natural paintings - " Island», « It is nice here», « Lilac", and many others.
In the work of Rakhmaninov, there was an embodiment and a tragedy topic. It is it that prevails in the romance from Opusov №21 and №26, which were created in a difficult period for the artist. Then Sergey Vasilyevich was very worried because of the failure of his debut symphony and all the feelings tried to convey in his creations - compositions " Fate», « How I hurt», « I am alone again», « Passes everything».
As a true artist, Rachmaninov could not not affect the theme of art and his fate. In this regard, the romances " Arion», « Muse"And" Observant».
Rakhmaninov It was an amazing talent composer. What kind of genre he touched, under his hand he acquired an extraordinary spiritual and artistic perfection. And from the romance a great musician managed to do, it would seem impossible - a genre with truly limitless possibilities. And what is the most interesting - Rachmaninov did not interest the artistic advantages of the text, only images and meaning were important for him that the authors were laid in it. True, they always interpreted them in his own way, creating a completely different poetic image fascinating with his sound.
Video: Play Roman Rakhmaninova