Where the highest mountains of Himalayas are located. Where are the Himalayas

Himalayas - This is the highest mountain system of our planet, which stretched in Central and South Asia and is located on the territory of such states as China, India, Bhutan, Pakistan and Nepal. In this mountain range there are 109 vertices, their height average reaches more than 7 thousand meters above sea level. However, one of them exceeds them all. So, it will be about the highest peak of the Himalayas mountain system.

What is she, the highest peak of Himalayas?

The highest peak of Himalayas is the Jomolungma Mountain, or Everest. It towers in the northern part of the Mahalangur Himal Range, the highest mountain range of our planet, where you can get only after arriving at. Its height reaches 8848 m.

Jomolungma - This is the name of the mountain in Tibetan, which means "Divine Mother of the Earth". At Nepali language, the top sounds like Sagarmatha, which is translated by the "Mother of God". Everest was called it in honor of George Everest, the British scientist, who was led to the surrounding territories by the geodesic service.

The form of the highest peak of Himalayas Jomolungma is a three-headed pyramid, which has a south slope sharper. As a result, the part of the mountain is practically not covered with snow.

Conquest the highest top of the Himalayas

Invertible jomolungum has long attracted the attention of land climbers. However, unfortunately, due to adverse conditions, mortality here is still high - official reports of death on the mountain was more than 200. At the same time, almost 3,000 people successfully rose and descended from Everest. The first ascent to the top occurred in 1953 by the Nepalets Tenzing Northeem and New Zealander Edmund Hillary with oxygen appliances.

From school times, we all know that the highest mountain on the planet is Everest, and she is in the Himalayas. But not everything clearly imagines, where, in fact, are the mountains of Himalayas? In recent years, mountain tourism has become very popular, and if you are fond of them, this is a miracle of nature - Himalayas, worth a visit certainly!

And these mountains are located in the territory of the five states: India, China, Nepal, Bhutan and Pakistan. The total length of the largest mining system on our planet is 2400 kilometers, and its width is 350 kilometers. In height, many tops of Himalayas - record holders. There are ten highest peaks on the planet, with a height of more than eight thousand meters.

- Everest or Jomolungma 8848 meters high above sea level. The highest mountain in the Himalayas conquered a person only in 1953. All the ascents that were before, were not crowned with success, because the mountain slopes are very cool and dangerous. The tops blow the strongest winds, which, in combination with very low night temperatures, are complex tests for those who drove to the conquest of this hard-to-reach vertex. Everest himself is on the border of two states - China and Nepal.

In India, Himalayas Mountains thanks to the stronger slopes, which are not as dangerous, have become a refuge for monks who preach Buddhism and Hinduism. Their monasteries in large numbers are located in the Himalayas in India and Nepal. From all over the world, pilgrims flock here, followers of these religions and just tourists. Thanks to this, Himalayas in these regions are very visited.

But the ski tourism in the Himalayas is not popular, because for skiing there are no suitable gestures, which massively attract holidaymakers. All states where Himalayas are located mainly among climbers and pilgrims.

Journey to the Himalayas is not such a simple adventure, it is only hardy and strong in spirit. And if you have these forces in stock, then it is necessary to go to India or Nepal. Here you can visit the most beautiful temples and monasteries, spread on the picturesque slopes, take part in the evening prayer of Buddhist monks, and at dawn there is a relaxing meditation and classes of Hatha Yoga, which are carried out by Indian Guru. Traveling in the mountains, you will see the first to see where such great rivers, like Gang, Ind and Brahmaputra originate

Almost all of the northeast of India occupies an extensive mountain system of Himalayas and Hindukusch. There are many Buddhist monasteries and communities, many of which settled here not one millennium back. Himalayas are the most famous Indian natural attraction, and Jomolungma Peak, or Everest - the highest peak - claims one of the seven new wonders of the world. Not only climbers and other lovers of extreme rest are coming here, but also pilgrims are followers of Buddhism, Hinduism, esoterica.

Himalayas are part of the five countries at once. The mountain system is located in India, Pakistan, Nepal, China and Bhutan, and the Asian Indian Rivers, Ganges and Brahmaputra, around which the most important world cultures were created, feed from the Himalayan glaciers.

Despite the abundance of mountain slopes, the ski resorts in the Himalayas are extremely small, and those that are not strongly developed. It is connected not so much with the unwillingness of Indians to invest in sports tourism, but with the lack of good places for skiing. From the most popular Gulmarg in the Indian part of Kashmir, Auli in the state of Uttarakhand and Manali in Himachal Pradeshe.

How to get to Himalayas

Indira Gandhi International Airport Next to Indian Himalayas is in Delhi. First you need to fly here, and then internal flights, by train or rented car to reach the destination.

There are no railways in the mountains, but the train can be reached before the foot. The only railway in Himalayas is rather entertainment than convenient transportation, Darjeling Himalayan Railway is called a "toy train" here. He departs from Siligiri Station and goes up to Ghum, located at an altitude of 2257 m, past tea plantations, valleys and other picturesque landscapes.

Gulmark's ski resort is easiest to reach the plane: in the city of Schrodagor, the capital Jammu and Kashmir, there is your airport. The resort of Auli is located next to a few airports, nearest in Dehradun.

The main means of movement between cities and towns in Himalayas is jeep minibuses (Shared Jeep), they run between all settlements. Indians are used to occupying at least space on the road, so to go comfortably, it makes sense to redeem 1-2 additional places.

Search for flights to Delhi (nearest a / n to Himalayam)

Weather in Himalayah

The weather in Himalayas depends on the height of the mountain arrays - the higher, the colder. At an altitude of 2000-2300 m above sea level in winter, the air temperature ranges from -4 to +8 ° C, in summer - on average +18 ... + 24 ° C, sometimes it is hot, to +23 ... + 30 ° С .

The most appropriate time to travel - from May to July and September-October. At this time there is dry, sunny, warm enough and comfortable weather for walking. In July and August, it is also warm, but at this time rains and fogs come here, high cloudy, so you admire the mountain landscapes, it is unlikely. In winter, in the Himalayas cold and windy, the snow removes all the roads, and travel becomes problematic.

Hotels in Himalayev

In the Himalayas there are hotels of various price categories. A large selection of hotels from 2 * to 5 * is in Darjeeling and in popular ski resorts. A small house without amenities, with a fan instead of the air conditioner will cost 1100 INR per day for two. "Tryshka" will cost about 3500-4200 INR per day per room for two, and hotels category 5 * - from 7000 INR per day. Prices on the page are shown in March 2019.

In the Himalayas, especially in his religious quarters, are popular ashrama. These are shelters for pilgrims, similar to very ascetic hostels. The conditions there are pretty Spartan, often in the room for several people there are only beds and one souls at all (if you are lucky, there will be a fan). Accommodation is very cheap, and sometimes you can live in Ashra for free for helping the housework or voluntary donation.

Skiing

In the Himalayas there are several ski resorts. In terms of service with European, they do not compare them, but the most important thing is the necessary minimum of services and gorgeous mountain landscapes - there are here. Equipment rental points are almost everywhere, the complete set will cost approximately 1400-1750 INR per day.

The most popular ski resort in Himalayas - Gulmarg. It is most of all the rest complies with European standards, and externally similar to the Swiss village of the middle of the last century. There are rental items, a few lifts, about 15 km of trails and excellent forest freeride.

Auli. - Another popular Himalayan ski resort. Local routes are considered the best in the region (only about 10 km). There are snow guns, ski schools for beginners and gentle roads for them. The resort is generally more oriented on novice athletes, experienced here will be quite boring.

Solang - Ski resort 22 km from Manali. There are tracks for both newcomers and extremals (one "black track"), tourists celebrate the high professionalism of the instructors.

Narkanda - A very picturesque resort surrounded by a coniferous forest, is located near Shimly, the only drawback is very little space.

Kufri. - The oldest ski resort in India. In winter, there is a center of skiing, in the summer - trekking and hayking, as there are integers of the National Park near Kufri: the Himalayan Nature Park and the Indiral Tourist Park.

Kitchen and restaurants of the Himalayas

Tibetan cuisine is distributed in the Himalayas. It is much less sharp than in the south of India, and there is more meat in it, although vegetarian dishes are also present. The most popular dishes, which can be found in almost every cafe and restaurant - Chowman (pasta with vegetables and meat), Momo (dumplings for a couple with different meat and vegetable fillings) and a tuck (soup on a ram broth with frozen, vegetables and meat). Here a lot is prepared in Tander - an earthen furnace without a lid. Basically, it is a simple peasant food: meat or bird is frying on a spit, and then hesitates in Tandoran in special breadpasters, which the tandon is blocked from the inside.

The season is important. In the Himalayas, this seasonality is special and related to religion and other ancient traditions. In the rainy season, there is no dishes with nuts, after a dense lunch you need to eat mango, and in the summer meat and fish are not eating. However, the latter is easily explained: the refrigerators still have far from every home, but the meat flies very quickly.

In the Himalayas, the cult of useful food. For example, it is believed that mango soup not only improves blood circulation, but also increases sexual desire, Halva is almost the blessing of the gods, and the drink from the flowers of Rodo (Himalayan Rhododendrons) introduces harmony into the body.

The best photos of Himalayav

Entertainment and attractions

In the Himalayas, primarily ancient temples and natural attractions are interesting. The most famous Ladakh, the city of Ashram Rishikesh and Haridwar, one of their seven sacred cities. The alpine temples of Shiva and Vishnu in Kedarnath and Badrindha, the valley of Kashmirov and, of course, Shambala with Tibetan monasteries are worthy of attention.

Excursions are also popular for the Golden Temple in Amritsar, surrounded by the "reservoir of immortality", a trip to the state of Sikkim to the foot of the Sacred Annapurna and to other Buddhist shrines.

Acquaintance with the Himalayas often begins with the capital of Khimal-Pradesh - Town Shimla. He is called "the most fashionable village in the Himalayas": here it is worth visiting the Palace of Vice-King Britain (today there is a museum), the central square with the Cathedral of Christ and the main shopping street, where you can buy scarves and shawls from fine wool, sari and other national clothes And sparkles for the decoration of forehead.

One of the most mysterious places in the Himalayas - Schrinar.. All his secrets are connected with the tomb of Roshbal - according to historical research (mostly doubtful), there is a body of Jesus, and many local things believe in it. In addition, the city is known for milk-boats on the lake, the proximity of the Gulmarg ski resort and very high-quality wool products in local stores and markets.

Darjeling Himalayan Railway is one of the most interesting attractions in the Himalayas. She is more famous here called "Toy Train." The road was built in 1881, and since then a narrow 60-centimeter rut at a height of 2000 m above sea level walks by a small train. The final station is Ghum (height of 2257 m), the path runs past tea plantations and other local beauties. A chic view of the neighborhood opens from the railway ring of the end station.

Road to Himalayam

Natural attractions

In Himalayas, very interesting national parks - Nanda-Devi and the valley of flowers in Western Himalayas, who are protected by UNESCO. These two fleets are located nearby and are considered one of the most picturesque in the Himalayas. Landscapes are really impressive here: glaciers on mountain peaks, alpine meadows, the source of the Gang River, which flows through the entire Nanda-Devi Reserve, and a varied vegetable and animal world. Rare animals live here, such as snow leopard and blue ram.

The most famous landmark of Natpark - Lake Rooclund, it is the lake of skeletons. It received his ominous name after a lot of human skeletons discovered at the bottom of the lake. It is believed that these people killed a hail during the rise to the top.

Himalayas and Roerich

Himalayas inspired and continue to inspire artists, directories, musicians and just creative people. The great Russian artist and mystic Nikolai Konstantinovich Roerich in his expedition in the 30s of the 20th century. Not only visited Indian Himalayas and depicted seen in the pictures, but even founded the Institute of Himalayan Research in America. Moreover, the last years of the artist's life was held in the Culla Valley in Himachal Pradesh. Now there, in Nagar (suburb of the city of Manali) is a house-museum of painter. There was a situation in which the River's family lived 20 years old, Nikolai Konstantinovich's personal car and some of his paintings.

Valley Kulla is known not only by the estate of Roerich. This region is called Indian Switzerland: coniferous forests grow here, and the center of Tibetan medicine is located in Manali, where you can undergo diagnosis from the best local doctors and improve health.

The name of Himalayas was out of the spirit of Sanskrit words: Hima and Alaja, which means "the abode of the snow." The highest mountains on earth occupy 80% of Nepal Square. The average height of Himalayas is 6,000 meters above sea level. The length of these high mountains is 2,500 km. But it is on the territory of Nepal that eight eighties are the highest mountain, the height of which is more than 8,000 meters. Therefore, all climbers of the world dream of at least once in their lives to climb in the Himalayas. Not a danger to life, nor cold, no financial costs stop them. At the same time, financial costs are quite tangible. After all, if you want to conquer the vertex, then in Nepal, only for the right to commit an ascent, you will have to pay a rather serious amount that is not one thousand dollars. Here this fee is called royalties. If you want to conquer Everest, you will also have to stand in the queue, maybe even two years. With such a large number of people who want to conquer Himalayas, vertices remain, which are not popular.

For thirsty, challenge the mountains of tourists at an altitude of 5.5 thousand m are laid special routes. Those who will manage to make climbing, waiting for a well-deserved remuneration - an unforgettable beauty of landscapes of dangerous and deep gorges with brown vegetation and juicy greens or snow-covered rocky peaks. The most popular among ordinary, without special training of tourists is considered the route around Annapurna. During the days of the path, decorated to take such a journey, can be observed also to watch the life of local residents in addition to excellent landscapes.

The highest mountain of Himalayev - Peak Everest (8848 meters). About it knows every schoolboy. In Tibet, it is called Jomolungma, which means "Mother of the Gods", and in Nepal - Sagarm. Connect Everest dreams of all climbers, but it conquers only the climbers of the highest class.

Himalayas Mountains originated during the orogenesis - alpine tectonic cycle and by the standards of geology, very young mountains. Himalayas arose in the place where the collision of the Eurasian and Indian subcontinental plates happened. Gorical formation here continues today. The average height of the mountains is increased annually by an average of 7 mm. That is why there is so frequent earthquakes.

In the Himalayan Mountains directed into the sky, it is often possible to find petrified marine organisms. They are called Saligram. According to scientists, their age is about 130 million years. Saligram - it seems to be a message from the glacial period. They are the best proof that the Himalayas "grown" from the water. The Nepalese also consider them to the earthly embodiment of His God. For the Nepalese Saligram are sacred. Their export from the territory of Nepal is prohibited.

Video: "Climbing to the top of Tuulaagi in Nepal (7059 m.) In 2010."

Film: "Road in Himalayas"

Also, you can see the Nepalese film "Himalayas" of 1999 release (dir. Eric Valley) and the film Nanga Parbat 2010.

In conclusion, a few more photos of Himalayas:

general information

The mountain system of Himalayas at the junction of Central and South Asia has more than 2,900 km long and about 350 km in width. The area is about 650 thousand km². The average height of the ridges is about 6 km, the maximum 8848 m - Jomolungma Mountain (Everest). There are 10 eight-thousandths - vertices with a height of more than 8000 m above sea level. In the north-west of the Western chain of Himalayas, there is another highest mountain system - Karakorum.

The population is mainly engaged in agriculture, although the climate allows you to grow only a few types of cereals, potatoes and some other vegetables. Fields are located on inclined terraces.

Name

The name of the mountains occurred from the ancient Indian Sanskrit. Himalaya means "Snow Resident" or "the kingdom of snow".

Geography

The entire mountain range of Himalayas consists of three peculiar steps:

• The first - prefimalai (the local name - the ridge of the shivalik) is the lowest of all, the mountain peaks of which are not raised by more than 2000 meters.
• The second step is the ridges of DhayaDhar, Pier-Pandagger and several others, smaller, is called small Himalayas. The name is quite conditional, since the peaks are already racing on solid heights - up to 4 kilometers.
• For them, several fertile valleys (Kashmir, Kathmandu and others) are located, serving the transition to the highest points of the planet - large Himalayas. Two Great Southeast Asian Rivers - Brahmaputra from the East and Indus from the West, as if covering this majestic mountain array, taking the beginning on its slopes. In addition, Himalayas give life and the sacred Indian River - Gangu.

Records of Himalayev

Himalayas - the place of pilgrimage of the strongest climbers of the world, for which the conquest of their vertices is a cherished life goal. Jomolungma was not submitted immediately - from the beginning of the last century, a lot of attempts were made to climb the "roof of the world." The first one who managed to achieve this goal became in 1953 the New Zealand mountaineer Edmund Hillary, accompanied by a local conductor - Sherpa North Tolding. The first successful Soviet expedition took place in 1982. In total, Everest conquered about 3700 times.

Unfortunately, they put Himalayas and sad records - 572 climbers killed when trying to conquer their eight-chip heights. But the number of brave athletes does not decrease, because the "taking" of all 14 "eight-thousandnants" and receiving the "crown of the Earth" is the cherished dream of each of them. The total number of "crowned" winners today is 30 people, including 3 women.

Minerals

Himalayas are rich in minerals. In the axial crystal zone there is deposits of copper ore, marginal gold, arsenic and chrome ore. In the foothills and interguric basins, oil, combustible gases, brown coal, potash and stone salts are locked.

Climatic conditions

Himalayas - the largest climeturn for Asia. To the north of them, the continental air of moderate latitudes prevails, to the south - tropical air masses. Up to the southern slope of Himalayas penetrates the summer equatorial monsoon. The winds reaches such strength there, which make it difficult to climb the highest peaks, so you can only rise in the spring, in a short period of satisfaction before the beginning of the summer monsoon. On the northern slope throughout the year the winds of the Northern or Western Rumbers are blowing, going with the continent in winter or heavily heated in the summer, but always dry. From the North-West to the south-east of Himalayas, approximately between 35 and 28 ° C.Sh., and in the north-western sector of the mining system, the summer monsoon almost does not penetrate. All this creates large climatic differences within the limits of Himalayas.

The most precipitation falls in the eastern part of the southern slope (from 2000 to 3000 mm). In the West, annual sums do not exceed 1000 mm. Less than 1000 mm falls in the lane in the internal tectonic kitelin and in the inner river valleys. On the northern slope, especially in the valleys, the amount of precipitation decreases sharply. Some of the annual sums are less than 100 mm. Above 1800 m, winter preciputes fall out in the form of snow, and above 4500 m, the snow is throughout the year.

On the southern slopes to the height of 2000 m, the average January temperature is 6 ... 7 ° C, July 18 ... 19 ° C; To the height of 3000 m, the average temperature of the winter months does not fall below 0 ° C, and only above 4500 m Middle July becomes negative. The snow border in the eastern part of the Himalayas is located at an altitude of 4500 m, in Western, less moisturized, - 5100-5300 m. On the northern slopes, the height of the nival belt is 700-1000 m higher than on the southern one.

Natural waters

A large height and abundant precipitation contribute to the formation of powerful glaciers and a thick river network. Glaciers and snow cover all the high peaks of the Himalayas, but the ends of the glacial languages \u200b\u200bhave a significant absolute height. Most of the Himalayan glaciers belong to the valley type and reaches no more than 5 km in length. But the farther to the east and more precipitation, the topics are longer and lower down on the slopes. On Jomolungma and Kanchenzhang, the most powerful glaciation, the largest Himalayan glaciers are formed. These are dendritic type glaciers with several nutrition areas and one main barrel. The glacier Zem on Kanchenzhang reaches 25 km in length and ends at an altitude of about 4000 m. With jomolungma, the Rongbuque glacier 19 km long, which ends at an altitude of 5000 m. Gangotri Glacier in Kuman Himalayas reaches 26 km; From it begins one of the sources of Ganges.

Especially many rivers flow from the southern slope of the mountains. They begin in the glaciers of large Himalayas and, crossing small Himalayas and the foothill zone, go to the plain. Some major rivers start starting from the northern slope and, heading towards Indo-Ganga's plain, cut the Himalayas in deep through valleys. This is ind, his influx of Sutland and Brahmaputra (Tsangpo).

Nutrition of the Himalayan rivers rain, glacial and snow, so the main maximum flow rate is summer. In the eastern part in the nutrition, the role of monsoon rains, in the west - snow and ice zones and ice areas. Narrow gorges or canyon-shaped valleys of the Himalayas are replete with waterfalls and spoiled areas. Since May, when the most stormy melting of the snow begins, until October, when the action of the summer monsoon ends, the rivers with rapid flows will be lowered from the mountains, caring the masses of the debris material, which they deposit when leaving the Himalayan foothills. Often, monsoon rains are the cause of strong floods on mountain rivers, during which bridges wash off, roads are destroyed and collaps occur.

In the Himalayas there are many lakes, but among them there are no such that in size and beauty could be compared with alpine. Some lakes, for example, in the Kashmir Basin, are only part of those tectonic depressions that were previously filled with entirely. The Pie Parzaz Ridge is known for numerous glacial lakes formed in the ancient robust funnels or in the river valleys as a result of binding them by Morane.

Vegetation

At a richly moisturous southern slope of Himalayas, high-rise belts from rainforests to high-mountain tundras are exceptionally pronounced. At the same time, for the southern slope, significant differences in the vegetable cover are wet and hot or the dry and cold western part. Along the foot of the mountains from their oriental tip before the flow of the Jamna River, a peculiar wetlands with black or strong soils, called thera, is stretched. For the terrays, the jungle is characterized - thick wood-shrubs thickets, almost impassable due to lian and consisting of soap wood, mimos, bananas, low palm trees, bamboo. Among the terrays there are cleared and drained areas that are used to cultivate various tropical crops.

Above theraev on the wet slopes of the mountains and on the valleys of rivers to a height of 1000-1200 m, evergreen rainforests are growing from high-wheel palm trees, laurels, tree-like ferns and gigan bamboo, with a lot of lian (including palga palga) and epiphytes. In more dry places, less thick forests from the salted tree are dominant, losing the foliage on a dry period, with a rich undergrowth and herbal cover.

At the heights of more than 1000 m to the thermal-loving forms of the rainforest, subtropical species of evergreen and leaf fall trees begin: pines, evergreen oaks, magnolias, maples, chestnuts. At an altitude of 2000 m, subtropical forests replace the forests of a moderate type of leaf fall and coniferous trees, among which only occasionally come across representatives of subtropical flora, for example, magnificently blooming magnolias. The upper border of the forest dominates conifers, including silver fir, larch, juniper. The undergrowths form thick thickets of tree rhododendrons. Many moss and lichens covering the soil and tree trunks. The subalpic belt replacing the forest is highly harvested meadows and thickets of shrubs whose vegetation gradually becomes lower and rarelined when moving to the Alpine belt.

The high-mountain meadow vegetation of Himalayas is extremely rich in species, among them Primulus, anemones, poppies and other bright flowering perennial herbs. The upper border of the Alpine belt in the East reaches a height of about 5000 m, but individual plants are much higher. When climbing jomolungma, the plants were found at an altitude of 6218 m.

In the western part of the southern slope of Himalayas due to less humidity there is no such wealth and diversity of vegetation, Flora is much poorer than in the east. There is absolutely no lapse of the terrays, the lower parts of the mountains are covered with rare-resistant xerophyte forests and shrubs, there are some subtropical Mediterranean species like evergreen oak and gold oil, the coniferous forests of pines and a magnificent Himalayan cedar predominate (CEDRUS DEODARA). Shrub undergrowth in these forests is poorer than in the east, but the meadow alpine vegetation is more diverse.

Landscapes of the northern ridges of Himalayas, facing Tibet, approach the desert mountain landscapes of Central Asia. The change in vegetation with a height is expressed less bright than on the southern slopes. From the bottoms of large river valleys up to snow-covered vertices, rare thickets of dry herbs and xerophytic bushes are distributed. Wood vegetation occurs only in some river valleys in the form of thickets of low-speed poplars.

Animal world

Landscape differences of the Himalayas are reflected on the composition of the wild fauna. A diverse and rich animal world of southern slopes has a pronounced tropical character. In the forests of the lower parts of the slopes and in theractions, many large mammals, reptiles, insects are common. There are still elephants, rhinos, buffaloes, wild boars, antelopes. Jungle literally sissed by various monkeys. Especially characteristic macaques and thin-tales. From predators, the most dangerous for the population of Tigers and Leopards - spotted and black (black panthers). Among the birds are distinguished by the beauty and brightness of peacock plumage, pheasants, parrots, wild chickens.

In the upper belt of the mountains and on the northern slopes of the fauna approaching the composition to Tibetan. A black Himalayan Bear, wild goats and rams, Yaki live there. Especially a lot of rodents.

Population and environmental problems

Most of the population focuses in the middle strip of the southern slope and in intricate tectonic basins. There are many treated lands. On irrigated flat bottoms, the kitrooms sow rice, a tea bush, citrus, grape vines grows on terraced slopes. Alpine pastures are used for grazing sheep, yaks and other livestock.

Due to the high height of passages in the Himalayas, the message between the countries of the northern and southern slopes is significantly complicated. Through some passes are ground roads or caravan trails, highways in the Himalayas are very small. Pass are available only in the summer. In winter, they are littered with snow and completely impassable.

The inaccessibility of the territory played a favorable role in the preservation of the unique mountain landscapes of Himalayas. Despite the significant agricultural development of lowland and Kotlovin, the intensive grazing of cattle on the mountain slopes and the ever-increasing influx of climbers from different countries of the world, Himalayas remain a refuge of valuable plant and animal species. These treasures are included in the List of World Cultural and Natural Heritage National Parks of India and Nepal - Nan-Dadiev, Sagarmatha and Chitan.

sights

• Kathmandu: Temple complexes of Budanilkantha, Bodnath and Skyambunath, National Museum of Nepal;
• Lhasa: Potal Palace, Barkor Square, Church of Jokhang Monastery Drepung;
• Tchimphu: Buttan Museum of Textiles, Takhimphu-Chorten, Tashicho Dzong;
• Himalaya temple complexes (including Sri Kedarnath Mandir, Yamunotri);
• Buddhist stupas (memorial or reliquary structures);
• Sagarmatha National Park (Everest);
• National Parks Nanda-Devi and Flower Valley.

Spiritual and wellness tourism

Spiritual principles and a cult of a healthy body are so closely intertwined in various directions of Indian philosophical schools, which is not possible any visible section between them. Every year, thousands of tourists come to Indian Himalayas precisely for familiarization with the Vedic sciences, the ancient postulates of yoga teachings, the recovery of their body on the Ayurvedic canons of Panchakarma.

The Pilgrims program necessarily includes a visit to the caves for deep meditation, waterfalls, ancient temples, ablution in Ganges - sacred for the River Hindus. The suffering can conduct conversations with spiritual mentors, to get them facelights and recommendations on spiritual and physical purification. However, this theme is so extensive and versatile, which requires a separate detailed presentation.

The natural grandeur and the high-dimensional atmosphere of Himalayas fascinates human imagination. Anyone who at least once came across the magnificence of these places, will always be obsessed with a dream to return here at least once.

• About five to six centuries ago, people called Sherpi moved to Himalayas. They know how to provide themselves with everything necessary for life in highlands, but, in addition, they are practically monopolists in the profession of conductors. Because really the best; The most knowledgeable and most enduring.
• Among the conquers of Everest there are "originals". On May 25, 2008, the path to the top overcame the most elderly climber in the history of climbing - the native of Nepal Min Bahadur Shirschan, who was 76 years old at that time. There were cases when completely young travelers took part in the expeditions. The last record broke Jordan Romero from California, which made the climbing in May 2010 at the age of thirteen (to him the most young guest Jomolungma was considered a fifteen-year-old Sherpace Tsery.
• The development of tourism does not benefit the nature of the Himalayas: even there is no salvation from the garbage left by people. Moreover, in the future, severe pollution of rivers, originating here, is possible. The main trouble is that it is these rivers that provide millions of people with drinking water.
• Shambala is a mythical country in Tibet, which is narrated by many ancient texts. In its existence, followers of Buddha believe unconditionally. She fascinates the minds of not only lovers of all kinds of secret knowledge, but also serious scientists and philosophers. In reality, Shambhala did not doubt, in particular, the most prominent Russian ethnologist L.N. Gumilev. However, there is still no irrefutable evidence of its existence. Or they are irretrievably lost. The sake of objectivity should be said: many believe that Shambala is not at all in Himalayas. But in the most interesting people to legends, proof was concluded about it that we all really need a faith in the fact that somewhere there is a key to the evolution of mankind who own the strength of light and wise. Even if this key is not a guide, how to become happy, but just an idea. Not open ...

Himalayas in art, literature and cinema

• Kim - Roman written by Joseph Kipling. He tells about a boy who looks at British imperialism with delight, surviving during a big game.
• Shangri La is a fictional country in Himalayas, described in the "Lost Horizon" novel James Hilton.
• Tintin in Tibet is one of the Albums of the Belgian Writer and Illustrator Erge. Journalist Tintin is investigating the crash of an airplane in the Himalayas.
• The film "Vertical Limit" describes events taking place on the Choir Mountain.
• Several levels in TOMB RAIDER II and one level in Tomb Raider: Legend are in the Himalayas.
• The film "Black Narcissus" tells about the Order of the nuns, founded the monastery in Himalayas.
• The kingdom of Golden Dragons - Roman Isabel Allenda. Most of the events occur in the forbidden kingdom - a fictional state in Himalayas.
• Drachenreiter is the book of the German writer Cornelia Funkey, telling about Brown and Dragon, traveling to the "Edge of Paradise" - a place in the Himalayas where the dragons live.
• Expedition Everest is a thematic ride in the World Walt Disney Rest Center.
• Seven years in Tibet - a film, filmed based on the eponymous autobiographical book of Henry Harrera, describing the history of the adventures of the Austrian climber in Tibet during the Second World War.
• G.I. Joe: The Movie is an animated film telling the history of Cobra-Li civilization that escaped in the Himalayas after the glacial period.
• Far Cry 4 - first-face shooter The plot that tells about the fictional region of Himalayas, where the self-proclaimed king is dominated.