Philip Runge paintings. Philip Otto Runge - Favorite_Verses

Philip Otto Runge (Philipp Otto Runge)

Self-portrait, 1802-1803 g.

German artist and theorist, one of the leaders of romanticism in German pictorial art.
Born in Wolgasta (city in the territory of modern Poland) in the family of the merchant-shipowner. In eighteen, he came to Hamburg to study a trading case, but soon (in 1897) felt a tendency to painting and began to take private drawing lessons.
In 1799-1801, he studied at the Academy of Arts in Copenhagen at the famous Danish painter and Draftsman N. A. Abilgrora, then in Dresden (1801-1803), where he met the poet and thinker Johann Wolfgang Goethe.
Dane N.Abilgor with its clear classic manner of the drawing provided a special influence on it. He also experienced a noticeable impact of J. Flaxman.

Under the influence of Abilgrove, who lived in Italy, the interest of Runge to antiquity, classical painting was formed. In an early work - the picture "Triumph of Love" (1801, Kunsthalla, Hamburg) - a composition with attract figures in the form of relief is executed in monochrome gamma. Strictly classic construction of the composition indicates the impact of the academic tradition, in particular Abilgrora. In 1800, the artist gets acquainted with the drawings of J. Flyxman to the works of Homer and Eschila, reads about them Article A. V. Schlegel in the journal "Ateneum" (1799). The impact of the linear picture of the English artist manifested itself in the illustrations created by Runga to Eliad and on the themes of Songsian songs, popular among European masters of the predomantic era. However, Runge creates its drawing style with pen and brush, which is built on a thin ephemeral line, but the effects of light and shadow play a significant role in it. Runge drawings reflected pre-gate moods in the European art of the end of the 18th century.
In 1802-03 R. worked on the allegorical composition of the "day of day".
Returning in 1803 in Hamburg, he was engaged in painting and at the same time served in the trading firm of his older brother Daniel. From 1804 lived mainly in Hamburg.
Throughout life, the artist turned to a portrait that became a favorite genome of romantics.
In the Threesome canvas (1805, in 1931 died in a fire) and two artist's autoports (1805, 1806, all - Kunsthalle, Hamburg) pronounced concept of European romantic portrait. Runge depicts itself in moments of various mental movements - emotions, melancholy, immersed in thought. Self-portrait is the cloth "Threesome", where the artist depicted himself with Brother Daniel and his wife Polina (the picture was not preserved). The feeling of the melancholic harmony of the general mood portrayed enhances the mountain landscape, against which the figures are depicted.

This portrait of this portrait often occurring romantics, symbolizes fraternal friendship, spiritual proximity, but emphasizes the internal spiritual differences, the individuality of natur. Runga is often drawn to the form of a pair portrait ("My Parents", 1806, Kunsthalla, Hamburg), allowing the world of human feelings in comparison of characters, sentiment. Portraits with the image of children ("Children of Hulisenbek", 1805-1806; "Portrait of a Son", 1805; both - Kunsthalla, Hamburg) from the reproducing in reproduction of nature anticipate the work of the workshops of early realism - bidermeyer.

In line with the romantic aspirations of the era and the appeal of the artist to the national tradition, themes from the national history. For German churches, he creates a canvas "Holidays on the way to Egypt" (1805-1806) and "Christ, walking around the waters" (1806-1807; both Kunsthallah, Hamburg). In the smooth emission of figures, the reproduction of the details of the bright landscape background with fantastic plants, the deep spiritual concentration of the characters there is an influence of the masters of the Northern Renaissance, the study of the works of Durera.

The sum of the mystical moods of the master, on the one hand, inspired by the teachings, I. Boe, and on the other - related to the search for aesthetic absolute, peculiar to romanticism as a whole, was called upon to become a four-part cycle of the time of day, symbolizing the merger of a person with nature, - he was assumed to be demonstrated in the form of Wall panels for music and reading poems, with special lighting. Preparatory drawings to the cycle, with their ornamental-rhythmic emblems, as well as a fabulous fabulous morning (the only picturesque sketch carried out in 1808-1809) belongs to the number of original anticipation of symbolism and modern.
Back in 1802, Runga conceived a picturesque cycle, depicting the days of day. Morning, day, evening and night, replacing each other, were for romantics symbol and human life, and earthly history; They embodied the eternal law, according to which everything in the world is born, grows, agitates and goes into oblivion - to revive again. Runga deeply felt this universal unity, like the inner relationship of different types of art: he assumed to expose "time of day" in a specially designed building, accompanying them with music and poetic text. Runge did not have enough life to embody his plan: only one, "Morning" is completed from four pictures. It is naive and light like a fairy tale. The baby lying on a yellow-green meadow symbolizes a nascent day; Women's figure amid the Golden Sky and Siren Dalea - the ancient Roman goddess of the morning dawn of Aurora. According to the freshness of the paints and the ease of the tone transitions, this picture is much superior to the old works of the artist. "Sometimes," said Runge, "the color worries with his pallor, and sometimes attracts its depth. When a meadow greens, a rosy grass saturation, a delicate foliage of a young beech forest or a transparent green wave attract you more? Then, when are they in the sparkling rays of the sun or in the peace of the shadows? " In the variety of paints, in complex color ratios, light and shadows, the artist saw the key to the secrets of the Universe, the revelation of the world spirit - so some romantics called God, which seemed to them dissolved in nature. "We are not able to express how every color touches us," said a friend of Runge, the German writer-romantic Ludwig Tik, because the paints speak with us on a more gentle adverb. This is the world spirit, and he rejoices that it can give a concept about himself by thousands of ways, at the same time hiding from us ... But the secret magical joy covers us, we will learn ourselves and remember some ancient, immeasurably blessed spiritual union. "

The Great Morning, 1809-10, Kunsthalle, Hamburg

The Small Morning, 1809-10, Kunsthalle, Hamburg

Considering the optics of colors with the key to the art of the future, Runge corresponded about it with Goethe. Highlighting three main colors (yellow, red, blue) and three derivatives (orange, purple and green), he summarized his reflections and experiments in the book "Ball of flowers, or the design of connections between all mutual mixing of paints and their full affinity" (Farbenkugel Oder CONSTRUCTION DES VERHTLNISSES ALER MISCHUNGEN DER FARBEN ZU EINANDER UND IHRER VOLLSTANDIGEN AFFINITTT, 1810), which was noteworthy in the development of postwithonian optics, still retaining both artistic and practical interest.

The book was published in 1810, in the year of the death of Runge.

Runge died by the young, remaining faithful to the Protestant principle that the visual art should be spiritual purpose.

In 1840-1841, two volumes of his writings were published (along with a colors ball - two fairy tales, composed of Range on Platdoych, Nizhnenesec dialect, and included in the fairy tales of the Grimm brothers: about fisherman and his wife and juniper, both 1806, together with epistolary Heritage).

Runga has been made several self-portraits

Runge, Philip Otto(Runge, Philipp Otto) (1777-1810), German artist and theoretics, one of the leaders of romanticism in German pictorial art.

Born in Wolgast (Mecklenburg) July 23, 1777 in the family of the merchant-shipowner. The young men came to Hamburg to learn a trade case, but soon (in 1897) began to draw a picture. Studied in Copenhagen (1799-1801) and Dresden (1801-1803) Academy of Arts; Dane N.Abilgor with its clear classic manner of the drawing provided a special influence on it. He also experienced a noticeable impact of J. Flaxman. From 1804 lived mainly in Hamburg.

Already in the early period there was an outstanding gift of runge-portraitist (painting We are threesome, or Self-portrait with wife and brother, 1805, not survived; portraits of his wife, 1804 and 1809; Children of Hulisenbeck, 1805; Son, 1805, and parents, 1806, artist; Self-portraits, 1805 and 1806; All works - Kunsthalla, Hamburg). Several archaic, "naive" sacrifices of poses and gestures, the color of the color of the flavor do not exhaust, but, on the contrary, the poetic, sometimes a little mysterious charm of these things. The traditions of the art of the Northern Renaissance said here also appeared in religious compositions Runga - with their surreal flowering effects ( Holidays in Egypt, 1805–1806; Christ, walking around the waters, 1806-1807; Both work is there in the same place).

The sum of the mystical moods of the master, on the one hand, by the teachings of Ya.bee, and on the other - related to the search for aesthetic absolute, peculiar to romanticism as a whole, was called upon to become a four-part cycle Times day, symbolizing the merge of a person with nature, - he was supposed to demonstrate in the form of wall panels to the music and reading poems, with special lighting. Preparatory drawings to the cycle, with their ornamental-rhythmic emblems, as well as a fabulous fabulous Morning (The only picturesque sketch, carried out in 1808-1809; Ibid) belong to the number of original anticipation of symbolism and modern.

Considering the optics of colors with the key to the art of the future, Runge corresponded about it with Goethe. Highlighting three main colors (yellow, red, blue) and three derivatives (orange, purple and green), he summarized his reflections and experiments in the book. Bowl of colors, or construction of connections between all mutual mixing of paints and their full affinity (Farbenkugel Oder Construction Des Verhltnisses Aller Mischungen Der Farben Zu Einander Und ihrer Vollstandigen affinite, 1810), which was a noteworthy stage in the development of post-etchon optics, still retaining and practical interest.

Died Runge in Hamburg on December 2, 1810. In 1840-1841 two volumes were published (along with A bowl of flowers - Two fairy tales, composed of Rungers on Platdoych, Nizhnenesec dialect, and included in Fairy tales Brothers Grimm: About fisherman and his wife and Juniper, both 1806, coupled with epistolary heritage).

Page 2.

Runge One of the first romantic artists set itself the task of the synthesis of arts: painting, sculptures, architecture, music. The ensemble sound of the arts should have expressed the unity of the divine forces of the world, each particle of which symbolizes space as a whole. The artist fasses, reinforcing his philosophical concept with the ideas of the famous German thinker 1st floor. 17th century Jacob Bem.

Cycle Runge, or, as he called him, "Fantastic-musical poem" "Days of the day" - morning, noon, night, - expression of this concept. He left in verses and prose an explanation of his concept model of the world. The image of a person, landscape, light and color protrude symbols always changeable cycle of natural and human life.

In the "morning", nature opens towards life, as a newborn man stretches to the world. Lily as love becomes a symbol of creating a new world. "Noon" is the time of maturity of nature and man. "Night" - she screams everything around, but also collects the forces that should awaken with the onset of the morning. For execution and thinking of this program, the artist left all the past seven years of life. At the same time, Runga was engaged in the color theory, and his book "Ball Color" (Hamburg, 1810) was highly appreciated by Goethe. The most completed in the cycle "Days of the day" seems to be the second version of the "Morning". In the center of the composition, the figure of a young woman is a morning dawn, and in front of her in the foreground a cheerful baby - a birthday born. The artist worked for a very long time to build a picture, improved the drawing, was engaged in search of an unusual color scheme. Coloring "Morning" appears in bluish-lilac, pinkish, yellowish tones. The perception of a picturesque program assumed musical accompaniment.

In addition to this large and important for the author, two gospel compositions were fulfilled - "Holidays in Egypt" and "WATER CONSTRUCTION" and several portraits, mostly self-portraits and images, close to the artist of people: "Threesome" (1805), parents (1806), Children of Hulisenbeck (1805, 1806). Works are amazingly poetic and endowed with particular spiritual purity.

The image of the romance poet saw Runge in a self portrait. He carefully looks at herself and sees a dark-haired, dark-eyed, serious, complete energy, thoughtful, self-sufficient and volitional young man. Romantic artist wants to know himself. The portrait manner is fast and swallowed, as if already in the texture of the work should be transferred to the spiritual energy of the Creator; In the dark colorful scheme, contrasts of light and dark. Contrast is a characteristic picturesque technique of romantic masters.

To catch the changeable game of man's moods, to look into his soul will always try to try the artist of the romantic warehouse. And in this respect, children's portraits will serve as a fertile material for him. In the portrait of Khulsenebek children (1805), Runga not only transfers painting and the immediacy of a childish character, but also finds a special reception for a light mood that anticipates the plenary discoveries of the 2nd floor. 19th century The background in the picture is a landscape, which testifies not only about the colorful gift of the artist, admiring the attitude towards nature, but also on the emergence of new problems of the workshop reproduction of spatial relations, light shades of outdoor items. Master Romantic, wanting to merge his "I" with the expanses of the Universe, seeks to capture the sensually tangible appearance of nature. But behind this sensuality of the image, he prefers to see the symbol of the big world, the "artist's idea".

Another outstanding painter-romantic-romantic German Kaspar David Friedrich preferred to all other genres landscape and wrote only the paintings of nature throughout his seventy-year-old life. The biography of this master is the "classic" embodiment of an understanding by the artist-romantician of his place in the world and the essence of creativity. He believes that the artist in pursuit of money and glory loses his soul. The art can serve only a sublime and kind person, for "the feeling of the artist for him the law."

Friedrich, as well as Runge, is obliged by the history of the formation of a romantic worldview to Dresden Cultural surrounding. From the end of the 18th century He settled in Dresden and never left him. Youth years of the artist passed in Greifswald. He was the son of soap. The name of his first teacher drawing is a cystorn. In (1794-1798). He studied at the Copenhagen Academy. After that, he returned to Germany, occasionally tackling for a trip, home - in Greifswald and on the island of Rügen. In 1810, Friedrich becomes a member of the Berlin Academy, and in 1816 - Dresden. But the teaching chair after the title of professor of the landscape class in 1824, Friedrich does not receive. The artist, trying not to change himself, does not want to work as the Academy prescribes him. There is loneliness, at the end of his life aggravated gloomy melancholy. The last three years before the master almost does not touch the paints and dies with everyone forgotten. Such fate will repeat very many romance artists. Small variations will be associated with rapid disease or suicide.

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F. O. Runge. Morning (small option). Butter. 1808. (See Appendix 63). In the 1800s, German romantic Philip Otto Runge worked on the series "Time of Day". At first, the drawings appeared, then on the basis of them twice there were four engravings "Morning", "Day", "Evening" and "Night". The artist then intended to create large picturesque panels on these reasons. Runge proceeded from the idea of \u200b\u200bthe proximity of all the arts, especially painting, literature and music. It is easier for it to understand it from its own author's comment, since in the images, traditional allegorical figures were combined with images generated by the artist's fantasy, and each element, including any flower or epic, was symbolic. Moreover, in the picturesque panels it was assumed that the paints would have a certain symbolic meaning. Runge's program testified that the days of the day were understood by them not just as a change in the morning and day, evenings and nights, but as a reflection of the Divine University, his perfection, all perfection and creative strength. Thus, the paintings had some "icon" beginning, before them it was necessary to prestand and prayer to listen to the mysterious sounds coming from the highest, heavenly spheres.

The main layer of the allegory is the resurrected images of the ancient myths, which Winelman spoke. Where one allegory appeared, you have to expect another. The winged young man is depicted with the eyes tied with ribbon, at his feet of his horn of abundance. This is the favor, the proceeds of happiness and beauty. The word "Favor", that is, the favor, in Latin of a male genus, therefore, this allegory is represented by the figure of the hotel. The horn of the abundance indicates wealth, and the blindfolded eyes are a sign that the favor can be blind. The young nymph is crowned with flowers, a coverage, her pink chariot shifts Pegasus, in her hands her roses and a burning torch. We see Aurora - the deity of the beginning of the day ...

It is even more difficult about the case with the characters. The world is much wider. These are plants, animals, objects, flowers, letters and numbers. Symbolic can be folds of clothes, pose, facial expression. Here are some examples. Anemone - Flower of sadness and death. His image appeared in the legend of Adonis, who died on the bed from the anemones, on the petals of which the red specks appeared on the petals. In the scenes of the crucifixion of Christ - this is a sign of sorrows of Mary, his mother. The number one is source of other numbers, symbol of unity. Two are a hint of the human and divine nature of Christ, an indication of the female sex, which is divided, that is, reproduces the offspring.

Symbols are more likely to be in those epochs when it turns out the view of the buses. So it was in romanticism, symbolism. Allegory appear in the era of the Renaissance, classicism. Whatever it was - they are the most important part of our cultural heritage. For a long time in our society, they were negligible or suspected. It seemed that they contradict the need for realistic reflection of reality, they will lead to the consciousness in our alien to us. In fact, symbols, and allegories - a different way and a different level of understanding of reality, and the masters of various epochs willingly appeal to them.

- (Runge) (1777 1810), German painter, schedule and theoretics of art. One of the founders of romanticism in German painting. He studied at Ah in Copenhagen (1799 1801) and Dresden (1801 03). In the symbolic allegorical compositions of the days of the day ... ... Artistic Encyclopedia.

Runga Philip Otto - (Runge) (1777 1810), German painter and schedule, art theorist. One of the founders of romanticism. He wrote portraits for whom close attention to nature in combination with a drastic emotionality ("Threesome", 1805); in… … encyclopedic Dictionary

Runge, Philip Otto - Philip Otto Runge. Children of Hulisenbeck will take. Runge (Runge) Philip Otto (1777 1810), German painter and schedule, art theorist. Representative of early romanticism. Outroacherous portraits ("Threesome", 1805), allegorical compositions ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

Runga Philip Otto - Runge (Runge) Philip Otto (23.7.1777, Wolgast, Mecklenburg, - 2.12.1810, Hamburg), German painter, graph and art theorist. He studied in Copenhagen (1799-1801) and Dresden (1801-1803) ah. One of the founders of romanticism in German ... ...

Runga (Runge) Philip Otto - (1777 1810) German painter and schedule, art theorist. Representative of early romanticism. True, acutely accurate portraits (Threesome, 1805), Allegoric composition Morning (1808) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Runge - Surname Runge, Karl (1856 1927) German mathematician and physicist Runge, Boris Vasilyevich (1925 1990) Actor at the Moscow Theater Satira Runge, Vladimir Fedorovich (born 1937) Soviet and Russian designer. Runge, Friedlib Ferdinand (1794 ... Wikipedia

Runge - Philip Otto (Runge, Philipp Otto) 1777, Walgast, Pomerania 1810, Hamburg. German painter, draftsman. He studied at 1799 1801 in the Copenhagen Academy of Arts in N. Albigor, then in Dresden (1801 1803). From 1804 he worked in Hamburg. In the early ... ... European art: painting. Sculpture. Graphics: Encyclopedia

Runge - (Runge) Philip Otto (1777, Wolgast, Mecklenburg - 1810, Hamburg), German painter, schedule, poet and art theorist; Representative of romanticism. Got a commercial education, then studied in Copenhagen (1799-1801) and the Dresden Academy ... Artistic Encyclopedia.

Runge - (Runge) Philippe Otto (23.7.1777, Wolgast, Mecklenburg, 2.12.1810, Hamburg), German painter, schedule and theoretics of art. He studied in Copenhagen (1799 1801) and Dresden (1801 1803) ah. One of the founders of romanticism in German ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

Runge F. O. - Runga (Runge) Philip Otto (1777-1810), it. Painter and schedule, theorist's lawsuit. One of the founders of romanticism. He wrote portraits, in which climbing close attention was combined with impudent emotionality (in three, 1805); in… … Biographical Dictionary

Books

• Classicism and romanticism. Architecture. Sculpture. Painting. Figure 1750 - 1848, this book is devoted to the visual arts and architecture of the era of classicism and romanticism. Wealth and diversity of artistic creativity in the period of intake and realism, of course, ... Category: Culturalology. Art history Publisher: