This unknown verb to be ... How to make friends with a child? Interesting and useful exercises for children. Verb to be
At last lessons, we met the English alphabet, sounds and transcription. Now it is time to move towards more serious things. Today we will talk to you about the pronouns, the main verb of English and learn to greet in English.
Proponion
Proponations in English permanently than in Russian. This is due to the fact that the form of pronoun you and you In English coincides. Earlier in the Staroangalian language there was a separate form for pronoun you (thou [Ðau]), but over time it was displaced by pronoun you. Let's look at the pronouns in English:
I - Ya
he - O.
she [∫i:] - she
iT is, it, he, she *
we - we
you - you, you
they [Ðei] - they
* About pronoun iT. It is worth giveing \u200b\u200ba separate explanation. In English, nouns do not have a kind (for comparison: in Russian, the word table has a male genus, the word river is female, the word Sun is medium). That is, if we see a cat or cat in front of them and do not know the floor of this animal, we will say it. Also, this pronoun is used for venx inanimate objects (the same table, river, sun in English).
Verb Be.
With this verb, people who study English get acquainted in the first place, because it is one of the most important verbs in English. The fact is that in the English sentence should always be attended by verb. This is the golden rule. If you have no verb - it means the offer is incorrect. The second golden rule of building an English proposal is the direct order of words. I.e in the affirmative offer, the first place is set to be, and on the second lean. In Russian, we often can play the order of words (for example: I asked ash. In the ash, I asked. I asked ash. I asked the ash. etc.). In English, it is impossible. The order of the word Iron and if you changed it, then the offer is made incorrectly.
Golden rule of English: In the English offer should always be present to the verb. In the affirmative sentence, the first place is set to be, and on the second lean.
Now will return directly to the verb to be. The verb BE into Russian is translated as "to be, being". File to before the verb indicates that the verb has not yet been changed, that is, this is an infinitive. Often, this verb is called the verb bundle, because it binds to the subject and identifies or characterizing its noun, adjective or pronoun. In Russian, such verbs in proposals are lowered, for example: He is a teacher. (instead he is a teacher); She's beautiful. (Instead it is beautiful). In English, the verb is (that is, the verb BE) is impossible to omit!
to be - to be, be
This verb binds to and identifying or characterizing its noun, adjective or pronoun. In English, the verb BE cannot be lowered!
Moreover, this verb has various forms that change depending on the face and the number of subjects. Let's look at the surgery of the verb to be:
I. aM. I am
he. iS. He is
she. iS. she is
iT. iS. it's it, he, she is
we. are we are
you. are You, you are
they are they are
And now I will make examples with this verb:
I am a Student. - I am a student. (I'm a pupil)
He is a Boy. - He is a boy.
She is beautiful. - She's beautiful.
IT is a table. - It is a table.
We Are Friends. - We are friends.
You are A Girl. - You're a girl.
You are children. - You are children.
THEY ARE SMART. - They're clever.
As we see, in each example a verb be used. Also, this verb has an abbreviated form:
I. aM. → I ' m.
he. iS. → he ' s.
she. iS. → She ' s.
iT. iS. → IT ' s.
we. are → WE ' re.
you. are → you ' re.
they are → they ' re.
For example:
I am a Student. - I'm a Student.
He is a Boy. - HE'S A BOY.
THEY ARE SMART. - They're Smart.
The abbreviated form is used for speech speed and more use than the full form.
Learn to seem. Dialogue
And now let's use our knowledge in the case and learn how to greet and see English.
New words:
hello / Hi - Hello, hello.
what - that
name - Name
your - Your, Your, Your, Your
my - my, mine, mine, mine
and [ænd] - and, and
nice - cute, pleasant
To be or not to be? That Is Not The Question ... The sea deity of proteins from the ancient Greeks could (like the sea) take any appearance. What are we we?
To the fact that the verb "to be" is known in the world not only as the most vital and always relevant, but also as the most changeable (Protean) in English, which is constantly changing and accepting different forms, sometimes not so notable to us.
Considering that it is so often used in English speech, it is rather sad that "to be" should be the most inconstant and slippery verb in the language. Let's learn it better. C "MON!
What is the verb to be and why need
The verb to be (AM, IS, Are) is the basis of the English language grammar. If you misunderstood or missed this material, then all your study of English is most likely to be small. Therefore, if you feel that somewhere you have a gap in this material, it is better to stay longer on this article.
It is this verb that underlies the construction of approximately 30 percent of all English grammatical structures and it is from it that it is worth starting the study of English grammar.
For example, to say "I am a student", we must insert the necessary form of the verb ligament "to be" and the proposal will ensure the meaning of "I aM. A Student. " - "I (is) a student."
We must gently choose the correct form of the verb for the object, depending on the only or multiple number. It is usually easy. We would not write: "The Troops Was Moving To The Border" - "The troops moved to the border." Well, where is it good?
However, some proposals require more attention. How do you, for example, write:
The Majority of Facebook Users are (oR is?) UPSET ABOUT THE INCREASE IN SPAM.
Most Facebook users are upset due to an increase in spam volume.
In fact, in this sentence it all depends on your accent - if it is concentrated on users- put " are", if on group of people— « iS.».
Multiple or only number depends on your choice. If finding it, what exactly to focus on, choose what you sound better. It is unlikely that your selected form "To Be" will upset someone.
By the way, "Majority" is used only with calculated noun: "HE ATE the Majority. Of. cookies."But not" He Ate the Majority of the Pie ". Instead, say: "HE ATE most. Of the Pie. "
Translation into Russian verb to be
"To Be" is translated as "to be", "to be", "exist", "be" or not translated at all, and maybe in PRESENT (AM, IS, Are), Past (WEs, Were) and Future (Will ( BE) / SHALL (BE) times. The form of the verb depends on who produces action.
Unlike the Russian language in English, the verb bunch never falls, due to the strictly fixed order of words:
Rule to be: subject to subject.) + leaving ( verb.) + Supplement ( object.).
- As self glagol(Being to be, exist or not translated):
I. aM. at home.
I am at home.
She. was.aT The Institute Yesterday.
She was at the Institute yesterday.
Not iS.in new york.
He (located) in New York.
- IN questionative The form of the verb "to be" is set before subject to And does not require an auxiliary verb to form a questionative or negative form. The same thing happens in the continuative (stable) form of verb (Continuous).
IS. HE IN NEW YORK?
Is he (located) in New York?
Was. SHE AT THE INSTITUTE YESTERDAY?
Was she yesterday at the Institute?
- Negative The form is formed by negation " not."Which is set after The verb "to be".
She. was. not. (wasn't) At the Institute Yesterday.
She was not yesterday at the Institute.
Not iS. not. (isn't) in new york.
He is not (located) in New York.
In the conversational speech, "not" is usually merged with "to be" forming reduction:
iS Not. = iSN "T.
are Not. = aren "T.
The verb "To Be" is also reduced by personal pronoun:
I am. = I "M.
We Are = we "Re.
He is = hE "S.
- As auxiliary verb.
Used to form verb forms of continued times ( Continuous.) and continued perfect times ( Perfect. Continuous.).
They are reading. a Book.
They are reading a book.
He. iS Sleeping. now.
He is sleeping now.
We. have been working. HERE FOR 10 YEARS.
We work here (already) 10 years.
Auxiliary verbs, by the way , Also can be combined with the basic form "to be" for the formation of simple answers:
Is Jack In Class This Morning?
Well, He. might bE..
Is Anyone Helping Jack With His Homework?
I "M Not Sure. Jane could. bE..
Also, "to be" is used to form an affirmative collateral ( Passive Voice):
Active: NOT BOUGHT A NEW MAGAZINE.
He bought a new magazine.
Passive: A New Magazine was. Bought.
New magazine bought.
- As glagol-bundles (be, to be).
I. aM. a doctor.
I am a doctor.
Not iS. a doctor.
He is a doctor.
Her New Hat. iS. Red. Her new hat is red.
- In the design " tHERE iS./tHERE are"(Being, it is).
THERE iS. a table in the room.
In the room (there) table.
In this sentence " tHERE"Is formal subject to. The noun is valid for the verb "Be" (IS), i.e. "Table".
If this is subject to the plural, then the verb "to be" should also be in the plural.
THERE are tables IN THE ROOM.
In the room (there) tables.
For change time Changes the form of the verb " to. bE.»:
There Was. a table in the room.
The room was a table.
THERE WERE. Tables in the room.
There were tables in the room.
Translation of proposals with the construct "TheRe Is / There ARE" begins with translation circumstances places.
Negative the form:
There is. NO Table in the Room. (There isn't a table ...).
In the room No (no) table.
There is. No Water in the Bottle. (There isn't ANY WATER IN THE BOTTLE.)
In the bottle no water.
Interrogative form:
Is there A MAN IN THE HOUSE?
In the House Is there a man?
Are there (Any) Apples in the GreenGroces?
In vegetable Store are apples?
- "To be" often works in a bundle with other verbs:
He. iS. playing. The Piano.
She. will Be Arriving This afternoon.
- And sometimes "to be" will stand self by to myself. Especially in simple responses for no less simple questions:
Who "S GOING TO THE MOVIES WITH ME TONIGHT?
I. aM..
Who "S Responsible for this message?
She. iS..
PRESENT.:
I. aM. To (not to) / We Are To (not to) / You are to (not to);
He./she./iT IS. To (not to) / They are To (not to).
Past.:
I Was. To (not to) / We. wERE To (not to) / You Were To (not to) You Were To (not to to);
He./she./iT. was. To (not to) / They wERE To (not to).
- To be ( PRESENT.) Used only from Indefinite. Infinitive (Uncertain infinitive).
THEY ARE TO BE HERE.
They should be here.
- "TO BE" ( Past.) S. Indefinite. Infinitive (uncertain infinitive) and with Perfect. Infinitive (Perfect infinitive), which means that the action is not fulfilled:
She. was. (Supposed) to be in the cinema.
She had to be in the movies.
- Modal verb "To Be" can be used to express responsibilitieswhich is based on previous agreement (plan, schedule etc.)
We Are To Go to the Cinema.
We must go to the movies.
- We also use this modal verb to express order or instructions:
You are to go to school.
You need to go to school.
- We use "to be" if something categorically prohibited in negative form.
Children. are nOT ALLODED to Drink Alcohol.
Children are forbidden to use alcohol.
- "To be" is used for urgent council or wishes:
You are to Drive Straight.
Led the car straight.
- "To be", in the assistant pledge (built with the help of infinitive "to be") and Past. Participle— 3 Form of the wrong verb or addition of completion "- eD"To the correct), describes opportunity:
SHE WAS NOT TO BEheard.
It was impossible to hear her.
You. wERE TO BE. Heard Very Good On The Concert.
You were very well audible at the concert.
Conclusion
We looked at all the main important nuances of this Caverzny verb. For the last time we draw your attention to the fact that when you say any phrase and doubt whether it is necessary to put the verb BE there, you can always check yourself, asking for a proposal questions: I am who / than, where is it, is what?
If, in translation of the word "is, there is, there is a proposal of a logical meaning, then in English such a proposal will be correct.
We hope this article helped you figure out the verb to be, simple only at first glance. Cheers!
Big and Friendly Family EnglishDom
Personal PRONOUNS AND THE VERB TO BE
Personal pronouns and verb to be
After several lessons in the Biglang textbook, you already know how to describe the surrounding items in English both in the only and plural:
This Is A Cup, The Cup is Big and Red. IT "S NEW.
The Cups Are Big and Red.
However, while we have not learned to describe yourself or people in other persons. For example, we cannot say: you are kind, I am an American, you are smart, etc. In order to fill this gap, we need to know how will be in English, you, he, she, etc., and also learn all the forms of verb to be - be.
Let's start with personal pronouns.
Note: pronouns in the nominative case - I, you, we, he, you, etc., are called personal.
I - Ya
You - You / you
He - O.
She - she
IT - it is
We - we
They - they are
English inanctive nouns have no birth, but people have people. Therefore, the pronouns of HE and SHE apply only to people. He - to a man, and she - to a woman. The pronoun IT refers to non-living (inanimate) subjects. They belongs to both non-living subjects and to people.
Pronouns therefore have such a name that they are used instead of names - i.e. Instead of nouns. Let's look at the example of replacing the nouns with the corresponding proncesses:
Mr. Brown - He.
The Girl - She.
The Table - IT.
Mr. and mrs. Brown - They
The Tables - They
Try it right now to remember by heart the English personal pronouns and say them in English:
You
we
It
I
She is
It
You
Personal pronouns are a very important topic in English. Know them and do not confuse, now they will meet constantly. However, they will not meet themselves, but necessarily with the verbs. To say, for example: I am smart, you are beautiful, we are friends - we will definitely need to use the verb to be (be).
In English, there is one interesting point that may seem unusual and cut Russian rumor. In English, the verb "be" must be put in such suggestions in which this verb is absent in Russian:
The Lamp Is White - Lamp (Yes) White
The Girl Is Nice - Girl (Have) Cute
The Pencils Are Long - Pencils (Eating) Long
In order to say I am big or you are honey, in English you also need to say I there are big, You there is a sweetbut in this case we can not use the form iS. .
IS. - This is only one form of the verb to Be, belonging to the third party of the only number (he, she, it). Let's look at all forms of this verb.
I am - I am
You are - you are
He is - he is
She IS - she is
IT IS - it is
WE ARE - we are
They Are - they are
Remember the surgery of the verb to be and all the time use the right forms.
Now let's try to tie full offers:
I am smart - I Am Intelligent
You are beautiful - you are beautiful
We are friends - We are Friends
He is American - He is American
She is high - She is Tall
They are joyful - They Are Happy
You and Mike - Good Guys - You and Mike Are Good Boys
Say yourself:
I am joyful
You are tall
We are smart
She's beautiful
You are friends
In fact, how can you understand, the forms of the verb to be can be used not only with pronouns, but also with full noun:
THE BOYS ARE INTELLIGENT
Mr. Brown Is Old.
Rebecca Is Tall.
The Houses Are White
These phrases are already familiar to you. We have already used them, but did not know that IS and Are are two forms of one verb to be.
Practice the knowledge gained on the exercises.
Exercises
Exercises
Exercise 1.
Say in English the following personal pronouns
He, I, we, you, she, they, it, you
Exercise 2.
Example:
Tom - He;
The Houses - They.
1. Kate and Jane - __________________;
2. Mary - __________________;
3. Peter and I - __________________;
4. David and You - __________________;
5. You and i - __________________;
6. The Children and You - __________________;
7. We and You - __________________;
8. The Dog - __________________;
9. The Women - __________________;
10. The Book - __________________.
Exercise 3.
Put the verb to be in the right form
1. You - _____________;
2. WE - _____________;
3. I - _____________;
4. HE - _____________;
5. They - _____________;
6. SHE - _____________;
7. IT - _____________.
Exercise 4.
Replace faces and objects to the corresponding pronouns
Example:
THE TREES ARE GREEN - THEY ARE GREEN
1. The Girls Are Blond; 2. Patrick is a teacher; 3. Lisa IS A NICE GIRL; 4. Mike and Sam Are Good Friends; 5. Charles and I Are Students; 6. You and Rebecca Are Canadians; 7. You and I Are Very Intelligent; 8. The Flower Is Yellow.
Exercise 5.
Answer the affirmative questions using the desired pronoun
Example:
Are you american? - Yes, I Am American
1. Are Are RUSSIAN? 2. Is He Pete? 3. Are you A Student? 4. IS SE BEATIFUL? 5. Are We WE FRIENDS? 6. Is the Bridge Long? 7. Are the Children Nice? 8. Is Kate Blond? 9. Are you teachers? 10. IS MICHAEL TALL?
Exercise 6.
Put proposals in a negative form
Example:
Mary Is a Teacher - Mary Is Not a Teacher \u003d Mary ISN "T a Teacher \u003d She ISN" T a Teacher
1. We are happy; 2. THE CAT IS GRAY; 3. THEY ARE VERY NICE; 4. I am a Football Player; 5. He is chris; 6. IT IT Interesting; 7. You are a russian; 8. SHE IS VERY TALL; 9. We Are Youung; 10. Nick and Daniel Are Very Good Boys.
Exercise 7.
Give negative answers to questions using the desired pronoun
Example:
Are you and Mike Friends?
- NO, We Are Not Friends.
1. Is Mary Blond? 2. Are you happy? 3. Is the House White? 4. Are the Walls Black? 5. Am I Right? 6. Are George and Rob Students? 7. Are you and i french? 8. Are you and the football players? 9. Is Andy a Waiter? 10. Are You Partners?
Exercise 8.
Put proposals in a plural using the desired pronoun
Example:
I "M a Teacher - We Are Teachers
The Lake Is Big - The Lakes Are Big - THEY ARE BIG
1. SHE IS A STUDENT; 2. The Car IS RED; 3. Mike IS Ready; 4. I am Busy; 5. THE BOOK IS NOT INTERESTING; 6. HE IS A WAITER; 7. The River Is Long; 8. Mary Is Tall and Beautiful.
Exercise 9.
Specify direct questions to proposals
Example:
I am A Student - Are You A Student?
Kate Is Blond - Is She Blond?
1. Mr. Brown IS OLD - _________________________;
2. LUCY IS YOUNG - _________________________;
3. CHRIS AND BOB ARE BUSY - _________________________;
4. THE DOG IS BROWN - _________________________;
5. The Film IS NEW - _________________________;
6. I "M Tired - _________________________;
7. STEVE AND I ARE OLD FRIENDS - _________________________;
8. You are Very Intelligent - _________________________;
9. You are good Teachers - _________________________;
10. The Shops Are Very Expensive - _________________________.
Exercise 10.
Translate Offers into English
1. I am a student; 2. You are Americans; 3. She is very cute; 4. They are young; 5. We are waiters; 6. Are you waiters? 7. He is not ready; 8. Are you happy? 9. Patrick and Mary good friends? 10. I am not a Frenchman.
Today we will learn about the most common verb in English about the verb - to be - to be, is located.
How does the verb hunts in 3 times
- 1. Right time
- 2. Last time
- 3. Available
|
Present |
Past time |
Future tense |
|
|
aM. I am |
shall / Will |
||
|
are He is |
|||
|
iS. he, she, it is |
|||
|
are you, you are |
shall / Will |
||
|
are we are |
|||
|
are they are |
In Russian verb be to be may not be used:
For example:
- 1. I am a student (instead I am a student)
- 2. I am a girl (instead I am a girl)
- 3. I am a boy (instead I am a boy)
The presence of the verb to be is required!
But B. english language verbto.bE. Before! Even if the offer cannot be translated into Russian. Let's give an example:
To say "I am a girl," you need to add a verb to Be to offer:
"I am a girl" - that translated into English denotes "I Am A Girl".
Here are some more examples for understanding:
- 1. I. aM. 20 - I am 20 (I am 20)
- 2. IT. iS. An Animal is an animal (this is the animal)
- 3. I. aM. Singer - I am a singer (I am a singer)
- 4. She. iS.Masha - her name is Masha (she is Masha)
In English, abbreviated forms of verbs are also used. Here are a couple of examples:
- 1. I am \u003d i "m
- 2. SHE IS \u003d SHE "S
- 3. You're \u003d you "re
- 4. SHE IS NOT \u003d SHE ISN "T
- 5. THEY ARE NOT \u003d THEY AREN "T
To be in question deals
Let us consider another difference between Russian and English. In Russian, the affirmative and questioning offer differs only by the sign. Let's give an example:
They are students approval.
They are students? - Question.
Another not a big difference between the affirmative and questioning form in Russian is certainly a questional intonation.
In the English language, an affirmative and questioning offer can be said with one intonation. And in order to distinguish between the question and affirmative proposal, the British of all over all change the order of words in the sentence:
- 1. SHE IS A NICE - it is beautiful.
- 2. Is She A NICE? - She's beautiful?
And in order to ask a question, you need to change the auxiliary pronoun SHE and the verb IS (TOBE) in places.
To be in negative offers
Also in Russian to express the denial, a particle "not" is used, and in the English language of the "NOT" particle. Here are a couple of examples:
- 1. She. iS NOT (ISN`t) at home - she notat home.
- 2. They are Not (Aren`t) Enemies - They notenemies.
Now to consolidate the total studied Consider the table of changes in the forms of verb to be.
Change table forms to Be
It is also worth adding that verb to be As an independent verb is usually used for the designations of the age of people, sizes of objects, prices of goods, time, weather, characteristics of people.
And as auxiliary verb to be Used to form a long time and affirmative collateral (AM / IS / Are / WAS / WERE).
So today we studied the independent / auxiliary verb tobe in English!
Need help in studying?
Previous topic: adjectives for people describing: to describe appearance and characterNext topic: & NBSP & NBSP & NBSPsdays and General Questions: Rules and Examples
Studying verbs in English It is advisable to start with the study of the most common verb - verb to be — be located.
Below is a table with a change in the verb to BE on persons (leasing verb) in the present, past and the future.
| Present | Past time | Future tense | |
| I. | aM. - I am | was. | shall / Will |
| You. | are - he is | wERE | wILL |
| He, She, IT | iS. - He, she, it is | was. | wILL |
| We. | are - you, you are | wERE | shall / Will |
| You. | are - we are | wERE | wILL |
| They | are - they are | wERE | wILL |
In Russian, the verb "be" in the affirmative offers can be omitted. For example: "He's house", "he is 25 years old." In the English language cannot use sentences without verb. It is necessary to pretend the verb, although it can explicitly translated into Russian. For example, to say "Pilot" in English, you need to add a verb BE in English, and eventually the proposal will make sense "I am a pilot" - "I aM. Pilot. "A few examples:
- I. aM. 45 - I am 45 (I am 45)
- I. aM. From Moscow - I am from Moscow (I am from Moscow)
- I. aM. married - I'm married (I'm married)
- He. iS. Mark - his name is Mark (he is Mark)
Also in sentences are used abbreviated forms of verb to be:
- I am \u003d i "m
- He is \u003d HE "s
- They are \u003d they "re
- HE is not \u003d he isn "T
- We Are Not \u003d WE Aren "T
Consider another distinction between Russian and English. In Russian, the affirmative and questioning proposals may vary only by the question of the issue at the end of the sentence. For example:
- He is a writer - approval.
- Is he a writer? - Question.
In the Code of Speech in Russian, the question offer is different from the affirmative special question intonation. The British can say approval with the same intonation as the question. The British come out of this situation, changing the order of words in the proposal:
- He Is a Writer - he is a writer.
- Is He A Writer - He is a writer?
To ask a question you need to change the places subject to he. and auxiliary verb iS. (To be).
For denial in Russian, a particle "not" is used, and in the English particle " not.", which is put after auxiliary verb bE..
- He. iS Not. at home - he not at home.
- They are Not. Enemies - They not enemies.
To secure the forms of the verb to be in different faces and times, the offer "I Am Strong":
Present:
| Present | Past time | Future tense |
|
|
|
As an independent verb ( to be) It is used to indicate the age of people, sizes of objects, prices of goods, time, weather, characteristics of people.
As auxiliary verb bE. Used to form a long time and affirmative collateral (AM / IS / Are / WAS / WERE).
Personal forms of verb
| I. | you. | he, She, IT | we. | you. | they | |
| aM. | are | iS. | are | are | are | |
| am Being | are Being. | are Being. | are Being. | are Being. | are Being. | |