Circus clowns of the USSR. The most famous clowns of the USSR
Pencil - Mikhail Rumyantsev
Mikhail Rumyantsev (scenic pseudonym - pencil, 1901 - 1983) is an outstanding Soviet clown, one of the genericants of the clown genre in Russia. People's Artist of the USSR (1969).
In the 40s-50s, the pencil begins to attract assistants to his speeches, including Yury Nikulin, as well as Mikhail Shuidin, who later am
Clown duet. Clown was so popular that only his performances guaranteed a circus financial success. A cheerful clown was in good faith given to his work, but also outside the Arena demanded complete dedication from his assistants.
Pencil became the first Soviet clown whose popularity stepped far beyond the country. He was knew and loved in Finland, France, GDR, Italy, England, Brazil, Uruguay and other countries.
Mikhail Nikolayevich Rumyantsev worked in a circus of 55 years. The last time he appeared in the arena just 2 weeks to death.
Mikhail Nikolaevich Rumyantsev died on March 31, 1983.
Today, the name Mikhail Nikolayevich Rumyantseva is wearing the Moscow State School of Circus and Pop Art.
Yury Nikulin
Yuri Nikulin (1921 - 1997) - Soviet circus artist, film actor. People's Artist of the USSR (1973), Laureate of the State Prize of the RSFSR (1970)
The main thing in the creative individuality of Nikulina is a crushing sense of humor in full preservation of external irrevocability. The costume was built on a fun contrast of short striped trousers and huge shoes with a pseudo-ituls riding - black jacket, a white shirt, a tie and a hat-bootier.
The virtuoso-developed mask (for external rudeness and even some stupidity was awesome wisdom and tender, watertic soul) allowed Yuri Nikulin to work in the most difficult genre of clownads - lyric and romantic reprises. On the Manege, he was always organic, naive and touching, at the same time he knew how to mix the audience like no one. In the Clown Image of Nikulin, a distance between the mask and the artist was surprising, and this was given the character to a greater depth and versatility.
After the death of Schuina Yuri Vladimirovich in 1982 he headed the Circus on color boulevard (now wearing Nikulina's name), in which she worked a total of more than 50 years.
Sunny Clown - Oleg Popov
Oleg Popov - Soviet clown and actor. People's Artist of the USSR (1969).
Known to the general public in the image of the "solar clown". This elderly man with a dust blond hair wore excessively wide pants and a checkered cap. The speeches of the clown uses the most different techniques - acrobatics, juggling, parody, equilibristics. Special attention is paid to the Antra, which are implemented with the help of eccentric and buffonads. Among the most famous reprises, Popov can be remembered by the "whistle", "Bump and" cook ". In his most famous clown number, trying to catch a sunny ray in a bag.
Popov made a huge contribution to the world formation of new principles of clowns developed earlier with a pencil, - clowns coming from life, from life, seeking fun and touching in surrounding reality.
In 1991, Popov went from Russia for personal reasons, and also unable to take the collapse of the Great Motherland. Now he lives and works in Germany, speaking under the pseudonym Happy Hans.
Casimir Polys
Casimir Petrovich PLAC (November 5, 1894 - February 15, 1975) - Circus Artist, White Clown, Pseudonym "Roland". Honored Artist of the Latvian SSR (1954).
The representative of the Circus genre "White Clown", who worked under the pseudonym Roland, was born on November 5, 1894 in the vicinity of the city of Dvinsk. Since 1910, Casimir becomes a member of the Acrobatic troupe "Roman gladiators", and from 1922 begins to perform in the favorite genre. Roland worked with such artists as Coco, Anatoly Dubino, Savely Crane, Evgeny Biryukov and a pair with comic Eugen. In 1955, he played the familiar role of "White Clown" in the film "For the department store", but it was not indicated in the credits. Two years after the release of the film, Casimir Petrovich leaves the circus arena and is entirely devoting himself to literary activities. Written by Roland in 1963 the book "White Clown" became a manual for circus artists of the genre, in which plutchs called the best of the best.
Konstantin Berman
Konstantin Berman (1914-2000).
During the war, Berman spoke in front-line brigades on the Bryansko -Oll direction of the front .. Fame he brought a simple reprise "dog-Hitler". It described in it, like a clown of the clown, he was shy to call Hitler, because she can be offended. This simple reprise at the front was not changed by a friendly soldier laughter.
In 1956, Berman became a deserved artist of the RSFSR.
Berman was a rather versatile clown, including and in other rooms. He jumped through the car as an acrobat, participated in air flights. Bergman toured a lot in the country, applauded Iran.
Leonid Yengibarov
Leonid Yengibarov (1935 - 1972) - Circular actor, clown mime. Possessing a unique personality, Leonid Yengibarov created a unique image of a sad focus-philosopher and poet. His reprises did not put his main goal to squeeze out the viewer as much as possible laughter, and forced him to think, think.
The famous clown at the peak of glory leaves the circus and creates his own theater. Yengibarov, together with their unchanging director Yuri Belov, put the performance of the "Klown quince". For 240 days of tour in the country in 1971-1972, this view was shown 210 times.
The great clown died on July 25, 1972 in the hot summer from the break of the heart. When he was buried, he suddenly went on a shower. It seemed that the sky itself mourns the loss of a sad clown. Yengibarov entered the history of the circus as a representative of the philosophical clown pantomime.
Yuri Kuklachev
Yuri Kuklachev is a head and founder of the theater of cats, People's Artist of the RSFSR.
I purchased glory, first in the USSR, engaged in circus work with cats. Creator and head of the theater of cats ("Koshkin House", from 1990). In 2005, Kuklachev's Cat Theater received the status of the State Cat Theater in Moscow. Currently, more than 10 performances have been created in the world's only cat theater. In addition to Yuri Kuklachev, his sons are in the theater - Dmitry Kuklachev and Vladimir Kuklachev. The performances of Dmitry Kuklachev are distinguished by all the tricks with cats in them are made during a clear through plot. Yuri Kuklachev is the founder of the Educational Project "International Association School of kindness." In addition to the performances with cats, Yuri Kuklachev regularly holds "kindness lessons" in schools, children's institutions, and even in children's colonies in different cities of Russia.
August 26, 2009 marks the 90th anniversary of the signing of the Decree on the establishment of state Circus in the RSFSR - the "birthday" of the Soviet, and now the Russian circus. During its existence in Russia there was a whole Pleiad of famous clowns.
His speeches were characterized by the mixing of genres: equilibristics, clownades, acrobatics, juggling, buffonade - all this included in the rooms of Oleg Konstantinovich.
Popov made a huge contribution to the world formation of new principles of clowns developed earlier with a pencil, - clowns coming from life, from life, seeking fun and touching in surrounding reality.
In the late 1980s, Oleg Popov left Russia. Lives in Germany near Nuremberg.
Oleg Konstantinovich Popov is a cavalier of the Order of the Labor Red Banner, the winner of the International Circus Festival in Warsaw, the owner of the Prize "Golden Clown" of the International Festival in Monte Carlo. Many reprises Popov entered the classic of the world circus ("Sleep on the wire", "beam" and others).
Kuklachev - Cavalier of the Order of Friendship (1995), Laureate of the Prize of the Lenin Komsomol (1976).
The talent of Yuri Kuklachev was marked by the most different foreign prizes and awards: "Golden Crown" in Canada (1976) for outstanding achievements in Dresser, for a humane attitude to the animals and the propaganda of this humanism, Golden Oscar in Japan (1981), a prize "Silver Clown "In Monte Carlo, World Journalists Cup (1987), the title of Honorary Member of the Association of America's clowns.
Yuri Kuklachev enjoys extraordinary popularity in France. There he is dedicated to the whole chapter in the textbook in the native language for French schoolchildren - "Dobry's lessons." And the mail of San Marino as a sign of recognition of the unique talent of the artist released the postal stamp dedicated to Kuklachev, who became the second clown on the planet (after Oleg Popov), awarded such a honor.
Evgeny Majherovsky (Scenic pseudonym Cloown May) - clown, trainer. People's Artist of the RSFSR (1987).
Evgeny Bernardovich Maikhrovsky was born on November 12, 1938. His parents Bernard Wilhelmovich and Antonina Parfenthevna Maikhrovsky were acrobats. In 1965 he graduated from the circus school and began working in the arena in the youth team "Restless Hearts". In 1971, he began to act in the programs of various circus as a cattle clown, since 1972 he protrudes under the pseudonym May.
On Manege, Cloown May comes out with his branded exclamation "oh-oh!". These exclamations are distributed almost in all its reprises.
In the repertoire of Evgenia Maikhrovsky, along with original reprises, including trained animals, there are also complex circus performances.
In the play "Bumbaras" (Perm Circus, 1977), the hero sang songs from the television of the same name, participated in horse races, flew under the dome of the circus from the pursuers, fought as a cascade and acrobat-eccentric. In addition to the main Evgeny, Maikhrovsky played several more roles in the performance. In 1984, in the Leningrad Circus in the children's musical performance "the most joyful day", according to the story of Anton Chekhov "Kashtanka", he also played almost all the basic roles, instantly transforming from clown.
Evgeny Maikhrovsky - The founder of the family circus "May", in which his whole family speaks today is the wife of Natalya Ivanovna (Cloishes on Cook nickname), the son of Boris - the scenic pseudonym Bobo, the daughter of Elena - Lulu, the granddaughter Natasha - Nyusya.
In all Circus programs "May" there are always two components: clownade and dressuries.
Material prepared on the basis of open sources information
Clowns are present in our culture for quite a long time. You can recall at least the robes of the jesters that consisted at the courtyard and entertained to know. The word "clown" itself appeared at the beginning of the XVI century. Originally called a comic character from the English medieval theater. This hero improvised a lot, and his jokes were simple and even coarse.
Today, clown is a circus or pop artist using a buffonade and grotesque. This profession is not so simple as it seems. In addition, clowns work in various genres, no self-respecting circus do without such people. Who else will laugh in the public between numbers?
Interestingly, in America, the image of a clown was surprisingly terrible. Similarly, numerous works, where this image is exhibited by bloodthirsty and cruel (remember at least Joker). There was even such a mental illness as clownophobia. Speaking about the modern clownade it is impossible not to mention the name Charlie Chaplin. This comedy actuator served as a source of inspiration for actors of this genre, his image was copied and was used repeatedly.
It must be said that the most outstanding clowns realized themselves and far beyond the circus, in the cinema, theater, while performing the tragic repertoire. About the most famous people of this funny, not a difficult profession and will be discussed below.
Joseph Grimaldi (1778-1837). This English actor is considered the father of modern clowns. It is believed that it was he who became the first clown with a European face. Thanks to Grimaldi, the comic character became the Central figure of English Harlequinad. Joseph's father, Italian, he himself was a pantonymist, an artist and a balletmaster in the theater. Yes, and the mother performed in the corpsiest. From two years old, the boy appeals on the theater scene. Failures in his personal life turned the gaze of a young grimaldi to work. The glory brought to him at the Royal Theater "Tales of Mother Goose". The actor became an explicit innovator, because his character, Cloon Joy, is similar to modern images. Clown was a central character in the rooms, he invented the buffonts and visual tricks, invariably causing laughter of the audience. The image of a simple and fool takes its beginning since the comedy del Arte. Grimaldi brought a female pantomime to the theater and laid the tradition of participation in the presentation of the public itself. The game on the stage undermined the health of the clown, actually making it crippled. In 50 years, Grimaldi ruled and lived on the basis of pensions and help from charity performances in his honor. When he died, the newspapers with bitterness wrote that the spirit of the pantomime is from now lost, because there is simply no clown in the level of talent.
Jean-Batist Oriol (1806-1881). At the beginning of the XIX century, as such a clown is not yet. In the arena, they joked the comic equestrian acrobats, there was a rider mime and paints. This state of affairs has changed when the figure of Jean-Batista Oriol appeared in the French circus. He was given to training in the family of cable dancers. Soon, Jean-Batist became an independent artist of a spent stray circus. The career of the artist quickly went to the mountain, an acrobat rider with comic talents was noticed. In the early 1830s, he was invited to the Loussa troupe. With her Oriol began to travel in Europe. The next step was the Paris Olympic Theater Circus. Debut took place on July 1, 1834. Jean-Baptiste showed himself to versatile masters - he and a rope, and juggler and forces. In addition, it was also a grotesque actor. The strong and powerful body was crowned with a cheerful leacion, whose grimaces mixed the hall. Clown wore a special suit, which was an upgraded outfit of a medieval jester. But the makeup of Oriol was not, he used only a common soil. Essentially, the work of this clown can be considered a cattle. He filled the pauses between performances, paroded the main repertoire. It was Oriol who formed the image of a clown, gave him a light French humor and brought romanticism to the circus. In the old age, Oriol began to play in comic scenes, participating in the pantomimes.
GOD (1880-1959). The real name of this Swiss is Charles Adrien Stems. His family was an ordinary peasant, but his father was able to instill a love for the circus. Charles's talent noticed Cloon Alfred, who invited a young guy in the troupe of a stray circus. Having received the experience in him, Charles left his partners and went to France. By that time, the clown had learned to own several musical instruments, knew how to juggle, was an acrobat and rope. Only here in the National Swiss Circus in the city of Him, the young artist achieved only the job by the cashier. Charles could make friends with a musical eccentric brother, replacing with the time of his partner of Brock. The new clown chose myself a pseudonym GROM. The ledge of the artist in the National Swiss Circus took place on October 1, 1903. Troupe toured a lot. With her GOK visited Spain, Belgium and even in South America. In 1911, Fiasco failed in Berlin, but the tour in Austria-Hungary and Germany in 1913 passed much more successful. Current began to call the king of clowns. Tours in Russia were also turned in triumph. After the end of the war, the GROK resumed the speeches again, having visited tours even in America. At the beginning of the 30th clown, even removed a film about himself, who did not lose success. Already after the end of World War II, the artist released two more tapes with his best numbers, and in 1951 he even opened his own Circus "GOK". The last way out of the arena of the famous clown took place in 1954. The name of Current is called the mask, which is handed over as a prize at the European International Circus Festival of Clowns.
Mikhail Rumyantsev (1901-1983). Cloon Pencil is a classic of the Soviet circus. The introduction of Mikhail to art began in art schools, but the training of interest did not cause. Labor career of the future artist began with drawing poster for the theater. In 1925, Rumyantsev moved to Moscow, where the film posters began to draw. The fateful for the young artist was 1926, when he had seen Mary Picford and Douglas Ferbenx next to him. Likewise, Rumyantsev decided to become an actor. After the course of the stage movement there was a school of circus art. From 1928 to 1932, a clown appeared in public in the form of Charlie Chaplin. Since 1935, Rumyantsev began using his new image Caran d'Osha. In 1936, Clown operates in the Moscow Circus, the final point of formation of his new image was a small scotch terrier. The speeches of the clown were dynamic, filled with satire on the most acute problems in society. Arriving on tour to a new city, the artist tried to insert a name of some local popular place in his speech. In the 40s-50s, the pencil begins to attract assistants to his speeches, including Yuri Nikulin. Clown was so popular that only his performances guaranteed a circus financial success. A cheerful clown was in good faith given to his work, but also outside the Arena demanded complete dedication from his assistants. Career Pencil in the circus has 55 years. The last time he appeared in the arena just 2 weeks to death. The work of the artist was marked by numerous awards, he was a hero of socialist labor, a people's artist of Russia and the USSR.
NUK (1908-1998). Under such a pseudonym around the world, German Georg Sparener became known. When in 1932 he began his work career with a dental physician, no one had assumed such a sharp turn in his fate. But soon Georg refused this work, becoming a musical clown. Already in 1937, the German Theater in Munich declared him as the most famous clown of Europe. The artist's "Fishka" was his big suitcase and a huge coat in which a variety of musical instruments were hidden. NUCs performed on the most famous concert venues of Europe, but despite his glory remained a rather modest person. Clown was very musical, playing on the saxophone, mandoline, flute, clarinet, violin, lip harmonica. In the 60s, he wrote about him as the most delicate clown of all time. Nuk was often compared with another legend, the GROM, but the German had his own unique image. They say that one day some clown wanted to buy one of his numbers to Nuk, but he refused. After all, his image is all life, with her experience, feelings, success and sickness. For many years on the stage, together with Georg, his spouse, who played piano. In 1991, for his charitable activities, Germany awarded him with the cross "for merit" for their charity. Nuk himself said that a stereotype was formed in society, according to which a clown should be a sad man in his life, and constantly joke on stage. But such an image has nothing to do with him. Clown wrote that to obtain such a profession it is not necessary to learn, but hard work is necessary. The secret of the artist was simple - everything that was in his view was experienced personally by Georg.
Konstantin Bergman (1914-2000). This Soviet carpet clown appeared in the family of the Circus Orchestra conductor. It is not surprising that the boy constantly Manila Arena. Since childhood, he participated in the pantomimes, mastering other genres of circus art. Professional clown career began from 14 years old, with his brother Nikolai, he set the number "Acrobats-Voltizers". Until 1936, the pair performed together, using images of the popular comedic film actors of the city of Llyud and Charlie Chaplin. During the war, Bergman acted as part of front brigades. Fame he brought a simple reprise "dog-Hitler". It described in it, like a clown of the clown, he was shy to call Hitler, because she can be offended. In 1956, Bergman became a deserved artist of the RSFSR. Clown was able to create a mask of an important France, putting it to a ridiculous sick-up costume. Circus artist switched to spoken reprises, arguing not only on household topics, but even about politics. Bergman was a rather versatile clown, including and in other rooms. He jumped through the car as an acrobat, participated in air flights. Bergman toured a lot in the country, applauded Iran. The famous clown starred in two ribbons, in the "Girl on the Ball" he played essentially himself.
Leonid Yengibarov (1935-1972). Despite the short life, this man managed to leave a bright mark in art. Mime managed to create a new role - a sad clown, besides, Yengibarov was also a talented writer. Leonid since childhood loved fairy tales and puppet theater. In school, he began to engage in boxing and even entered the Institute of Physical Education, but he quickly realized that this was not his calling. In 1955, Yengibarov entered the Circus School, where he began to study clownade. While still a student, Leonid began to perform a pop as a mime. And a full-fledged debut took place in 1959 in Novosibirsk. Already by 1961, Yengibarov circled many Soviet cities and everywhere had a deafening success. At the same time, leaving the border, to Poland, where the collisters also applauded the clown. In 1964, at the International Festival in Prague, Yengibarov was recognized as the best clown of the world, his novels began to be published. Documentary films are filmed about the talented artist, he himself is attracted to the cinema, cooperating with Paradzhanov, Shukshin. The famous clown at the peak of glory leaves the circus and creates his own theater. Yengibarov, together with their unchanging director Yuri Belov, put the performance of the "Klown quince". For 240 days of tour in the country in 1971-1972, this view was shown 210 times. The great clown died in the hot summer from the heartbroken. When he was buried, he suddenly went on a shower. It seemed that the sky itself mourns the loss of a sad clown. Yengibarov entered the history of the circus as a representative of the philosophical clown pantomime.
Yuri Nikulin (1921-1997). Most people know Nikulina as a brilliant film actor. But his vocation was a circus. Father and mother of the future clown were actors, which predetermined, must be the fate of Nikulina. He passed the whole war, having received combat awards. After the end of the hostilities, Nikulin tried to enter VGIK and other theater institutes. But nowhere did they take it, since acting talents, admission commissions could not see in a young man. As a result, Nikulin entered the clown studio at a circus on color boulevard. The young actor began to assist a pencil with Mikhail Shuidin. A couple traveled a lot on tour and quickly gained experience. Since 1950 Nikulin and Shuidin began to work independently. Their joint work continued until 1981. If Shuina had an image of a guy's shirt, which he knows everything, Nikulin depicted a lazy and melancholic man. In life, partners in the arena of relations are practically not supported. Since 1981, Nikulin became the main director of his native circus, and from next year and director. It is impossible to bypass the participation of the famous clown in the cinema. The debut on the big screen took place in 1958. National Love Nikulina-actor brought comedy Gaidai ("Operation" s "and other adventures of Shurika", "Caucasian captive", "diamond hand"). However, behind his shoulders and many serious paintings - "Andrei Rublev", "they fought for their homeland", "Scarecrow". Talented clone manifested himself a serious and deep dramatic actor. Yuri Nikulin received the title of People's Artist of the USSR and the Hero of Socialist Labor. Near the circus on the colored boulevard, a monument to the famous clown and his partner is installed.
Marcel Marso (1923-2007). This French actor Mime has created a whole school of his art. He was born in a Jewish family in Strasbourg. Marseille appeared in interest in acting art after exploring Charlie Chaplin's ribbons. Marso studied at the school of decorative arts in Limoges, then at the Sarah Bernard Theater, where Etienne Decra learned him to the Mimic Art. During the Second World War, a novice clown ran from the country. He participated in resistance, and most of his relatives, including parents, died in Auschwitz. In 1947, Marso created his most famous image. Clown BIP with a white face, in a striped sweater and a shabby hat, became known to the whole world. At the same time, a clown troupe "Commonwealth Mimov" was created, which existed for 13 years. Setting this unusual theater with monospectacles was seen the best platforms of the country. Subsequent years, Marso performed independently. Several times he was touring the Soviet Union, for the first time this happened in 1961. In one of the scenes, a sad bip, sitting at the table, listened to his interlocutors. Turning to one, clown did a cheerful expression of the face, and to the other - sad. Replicas alternated and gradually diminished, forcing the clown to constantly change the mood. It was only Marso. Miniatures with the participation of the BIP are generally filled with sympathy to the poor man. In 1978, Clook created his own Parisian Pantomime School. New miniatures and new heroes appeared in his arsenal. It is said that Marseil Marso taught him the famous lunar gait. For its contribution to art, the actor received the highest award of France - the Order of the Honorary Legion.
Oleg Popov (Ry.1930). The famous artist is called the father-founder of the Soviet clownade. In 1944, engaged in acrobatics, the young man met the students of the circus column. Oleg just fascinated the circus that he immediately entered the school, having received the specialty "Eccentric on the Wire" in 1950. But already in 1951, Popov debuts as a cattle clown. The artist was able to create an artistic image of the "solar clown". This elderly man with a dust blond hair wore excessively wide pants and a checkered cap. The speeches of the clown uses the most different techniques - acrobatics, juggling, parody, equilibristics. Special attention is paid to the Antra, which are implemented with the help of eccentric and buffonads. Among the most famous reprises, Popov can be remembered by the "whistle", "Bump and" cook ". In his most famous clown number, trying to catch a sunny ray in a bag. The work of the artist was not limited to the same theater, he starred a lot on television, participated in the children's television broadcaster. Popov was shot even in the cinema (more than 10 tapes) and directed circus performances. The famous clown participated in the first tour of the Soviet circus in Western Europe. Speeches there brought Popov truly world fame. Clown became the laureate of the International Circus Festival in Warsaw, received the Oscar Prize in Brussels, received the Golden Clown prize at the festival in Monte Carlo. In 1991, Popov went from Russia for personal reasons, and also unable to take the collapse of the Great Motherland. Now he lives and works in Germany, speaking under the pseudonym Happy Hans.
Slava Polunin (born 1950). Polunin was educated in the Leningrad State Institute of Culture, and then on the pop department of guitis. In the 1980s, Vyacheslav created the famous "Lyedie" theater. He literally blew up the audience by "Asyysy", "Button" and "Blue Canarika". Theater has become very popular. In 1982, Polunin organized a MIM parade, which from all over the country more than 800 pantomime artists came. In 1985, within the framework of the World Education of Youth and Students, a festival was held, in which international clowns took part. Since then, Polunin organized a lot of festivals, put performances, numbers and reprises, trying on a variety of masks. Since 1988, a clown moves abroad, where he gets worldwide glory. His "Snow Show" is currently considered a theater classics. Spectators say that the snow of the midnight warms them the hearts. Clown's works are marked by the Lawrence of Olivier Award in England, awards in Edinburgh, Liverpool, Barcelona. Polunin is an honorary resident of London. Western press calls him the "best clown of the world." Despite the "non-serious" lesson, clown is thoroughly coming to his work. Even the most crazy and adventurous show in his performance is actually thoroughly thought out and weighed. Polunin works a lot and does not know how to rest, however, his life is pleasure, on stage and outside it. And most importantly - this person creates a holiday.
Leonid Yengibarov
Leonid Yengibarov (1935 - 1972) - Circular actor, clown mime. Possessing a unique personality, Leonid Yengibarov created a unique image of a sad focus-philosopher and poet. His reprises did not put his main goal to squeeze out the viewer as much as possible laughter, and forced him to think, think.
Leonid Georgievich Yengibarov was born on March 15, 1935 in Moscow. He since childhood loved fairy tales and puppet theater. In school, he began to engage in boxing and even entered the Institute of Physical Education, but he quickly realized that this was not his calling.
In 1959 he graduated from the State Circus Art School, the department of clownades. While still a student, Leonid began to perform a pop as a mime. And a full-fledged debut took place in 1959 in Novosibirsk.
Already in the school, its creative personality as a pantomime knevel master was clearly defined. Unlike most of the then clowns, which entertained viewers using a standard set of tricks and hookhm, Yengibarov went completely differently and began to create a poetic clown in the circus arena.
From the first speeches, Yengibarov began to call in the public and colleagues by profession contradictory reviews. The audience, which is used to the circus to have fun, and not reflect, was disappointed with such a clown. And many of his colleagues soon began to advise him to change the role of "thinking clown".
Yuri Nikulin recalled: "When I saw him for the first time on a manneva, I didn't like it. I did not understand why such a boom was around the name of Yengibarov. And three years later, after seeing him on the Moscow Circus, I was admired. He is amazing I owned a pause, creating an image of a little sad man, and every reprise didn't just have fun, I amusted a viewer, no, she was still carried and the philosophical meaning. Engibarov, without uttering a word, spoke with the audience about love and hatred, about respect for a person , about the touching heart of a clown, about loneliness and bustle. And all this he did clearly, gently, unusual. "
By 1961, Yengibarov circled many Soviet cities and everywhere had a deafening success. At the same time, leaving the border, to Poland, where the collisters also applauded the clown.
In 1964, broad international fame came to the artist. At the International Clown Competition in Prague, Yengibarov received the first prize - the Cup of the name of E. Bass. It was a stunning success for a 29-year-old artist. After this victory, his novels began to be published. Documentary films are filmed about the talented artist, he himself is attracted to the cinema, cooperating with Paradzhanov, Shukshin.
The end of the 1960s is considered the most successful period in the creative career of Engibarov. He successfully toured both around the country and beyond (in Romania, Poland, Czechoslovakia). In addition to the circus, he spoke with the "pantomime evenings" on the stage, starred in the cinema.
The famous clown at the peak of glory leaves the circus and creates his own theater. Yengibarov, together with their unchanging director Yuri Belov, put the performance of the "Klown quince". For 240 days of tour in the country in 1971-1972, this view was shown 210 times.
The great clown died on July 25, 1972 in the hot summer from the break of the heart. When he was buried, he suddenly went on a shower. It seemed that the sky itself mourns the loss of a sad clown. Yengibarov entered the history of the circus as a representative of the philosophical clown pantomime.
Leonid Yengibarov (1935-1972). Despite the short life, this man managed to leave a bright mark in art. Mime managed to create a new role - a sad clown, besides, Yengibarov was also a talented writer.
For starters, Likbez:
Clown (English Clown, from Lat. Colonus - man, Grubian), in the modern meaning of the term - Circus, Pop or theater artist, using grotesque and buffonta techniques. Related definitions: Jester, Gaer, Spring, Fool, etc.
The word "clown" itself originated at the beginning of the XVI century; Initially, this was the name of the comic character of the English medieval theater, child arquen, politinean, Ganswurt, etc. It was a rustic and awkward rustic guy who served as the object of ridicule of city inhabitants. The role of clown was saturated with rough jokes; In its performance, the moment of improvisation was traditionally strong. Very soon, clown penetrated the comedy borders - for example, William Shakespeare often introduces this character in their tragedies (in Russian translations - a jester; one of the most famous Shakespearean heroes - a jester in the King Lira). By the XVII century, the clown almost disappeared from the drama, persistently in the epilogues. His name has become a nominal, and fixed the performers of buffon roles in pantomimes and bolavs.
In modern circus and pop art, clowns work, as a rule, couples or group (stable traditional clown pair - "red" and "white" clowns). With a solo speech, a partner of the "Redhead" clown can play Sprukhtamäster or Uniformist; In the pop representation - the public in the hall or a separate viewer.
Circus clowns have many specializations (musical eccentrics, carpet, acrobats, trainers, pantomimists, etc.), but there is no clear unit: most circus clowns are usually working in various genres.
Clown is one of the most democratic and at the same time the most complex and universal actor specializations. History does not know examples of the development of a clownade genre by tragic artists; However, reverse examples are not so rare. Many outstanding clowns (including circus) achieved significant success in the filmmatic and theatrical roles of the tragic repertoire (Y. Nyublin, L. Dengibarov, V. Polunin).
* http: //ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/clone
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I tried to avoid just comedians and pop performers, as if close to clownade they were not standing (Charlie Chaplin, Mr. Bean or Baster Kiton).
Ogrechi and mistakes are possible - everything is fixable.
Glory Polunina (June 12, 1950) Twin Tiger / King
He is called the "best clown of the world." His "Snow Show" is recognized as the "theater classics of the twentieth century." Nothing does anything like: Everything that happens in his life is very thorough, very thoughtful, very suspended - even the most crazy, the most incredible, most adventurous. And in achieving the goal, he is concrete, assembled and unshakable.
The popularity of "hypocrites" was deafening, nationwide love took threatening scope and forms.
1982 - "Mime Parade", on which more than 800 pantomime artists came from from all over the then still very extensive homeland.
1985 - he brought foreign mimes and clowns at the festival within the World Slap of Youth and Students.
In 1987, the first festival of street theaters "Lyceum Lyceum". All-Union "Congress of Fools", - the solemn funeral of the Theater "Lyedie", for, according to Stanislavsky, the theater after 20 years of its existence is dying.
1989 - apotheosis in the implementation of the impracticable and implementing the unrealizable, three months before the fall of the Berlin Wall, the "Caravan of the World": the wandering theater festival created by theaters from Russia, France, Italy, Spain, the Czech Republic, Poland, and the chaser half a year on Machines in Europe from Moscow to Paris. The artists lived in the houses on the wheels, played on the street and in Shapito ..
1993 - "Academy of Fools", which in just a couple of years of its existence managed to turn to the problem of reviving the ideas of the Carnival of a new, modern, not a museum. For the first time, the "Academy of Fools" was held a festival with a typical Russian name "Baba Durai", dedicated to the rare in nature of the phenomenon of the female clown. The guild of old fools under the leadership of Rolan Bykov was in its own way in Moscow, distributing the titles of "full fools" and "half dots" the best of the best, and with pleasure, taking into their ranks of the great fools of abroad.
Their and collected Polunin many years later on the theater Olympiad to Moscow within the framework of another program called "the best clowns of the late twentieth century." The best came to the capital - the best - the most magnificent and the wise people: Boleslav Polyvka, Zhero Decamp, Franz Josef Bogner, Dzhango Edwards and Leo Bassi.
Oleg Popov (July 31, 1930) Lion horse / knight
Father-founder of the Soviet clownade. Created an artistic image of the "solar clown" - a non-merging guy with a dustless hair in deliberately wide striped pants and a checkered cap. In his speeches, uses such techniques as equilibristics, acrobatics, juggling, paroding of circus numbers, but the main place in his speeches is occupied by Antra, solved by means of buffonts and eccentrics. Among the best reprises Oleg Popova - "Cook", "Whistle", "Light". Member of many television programs, often starred in the cinema. He performed as a director of circus performances. Haded participation in the first tours of the Soviet circus in the countries of Western Europe. These trips brought him world glory. Winner of the International Circus Festival in Warsaw, Oscar Awards (Brussels, 1958), in 1981 he won the honorary prize "Golden Cloon" of the International Festival in Monte Carlo and many others.
Yuri Kuklachev (April 12, 1949) Byk-Aries / Jester with
Covenaya, Russian clown, People's Artist of Russia. I purchased glory, first in the USSR, engaged in circus work with cats. Creator and head of the theater of cats.
Yuri Galtsev (April 12, 1961) Byk-Aries / Jester
Footed on our list exclusively by clown title. The first applicant for disposal from the selection.
Yuri Nikulin (December 18, 1921) Rooster-Sagittarius / Jester
Mikhail Nikolaevich Shuidin (September 27, 1922) Dog Scales / Professor
Outstanding Soviet clown, acrobat-eccentric, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1969 - Rooster). He began together with Y. Nikulin to work as an assistant pupil from the clown of a pencil. Having left a pencil, Nikulin and Shuidin created the Clown Duet Nikulin and Shuidin (from the 1950s - Tiger) and almost until the end of the life of Mikhail Shuydina in 1983 worked together. In ordinary life, however, according to the recognition of Yuri Nikulina himself, Mikhail Shuidin and Yuri Nikulin did not support any special relations - a big difference has affected the characters and lifestyle.
Mikhail Rumyantsev (pencil) (December 10, 1901) Bull-Sagittarius / Chief
Leonid Yengibarov (March 15, 1935) Caban Fish / King
Clown duet Valery Serebryakov (June 9, 1939) Cat twin / jester
Stanislav Schukin (June 14, 1939) Cot-Gemini / Jester
The duet is not how much great, how many memorable thanks to our story.
Musl (Alexey Sergeyev) (February 16, 1915) Cot-Aquarius / Chief
Clown Musl in a circus medium was considered the most talented, even a brilliant clown. He possessed a gift of pantomime, practically not to mention the arena not a word. Improvisation was present in his work. The public amazed and having fun by itself the naturalness and the organicity of his actions. Unfortunately, Alexey Sergeev turned out to be a slightly accompatible, which did not allow him to become famous. Many circus figures noted that if it were not for these weakness and addiction to the clown of Musley to alcohol, he, ingenious "clown from God," probably would have become one of the most famous and best clowns of the world.
Marcel Marso (March 22, 1923) Caban-Aries / Fish / Jester / King
The greatest mime in the world. Creator of the Pantomime School.
Due to the borderline date in statistics, in addition to year, the remaining data into statistics is not listed.
Dzhango Edwards (April 15, 1950) Tiger Aries / Knight
Django Edwards is called the Amsterdam king of fools. "Classic" in his understanding is striptease, blasphemy and violations in the audience with eggs. One of the few people who considers Glory Polva by his teacher. He dragged him in the USSR in 1986 (Tiger), having embodied all the towns, Districtcoma and Komsomol organizations. Behind the scenes, Dzhango asked Fame:
- Glory, you have a totalitarian country. What can I not do on stage?
- Do what you want - just naked on the stage do not come out ...
The effect "Do not throw me on the thorn bush" worked and Django Edwards never appeared in the Soviet Union until his decay. In the 70s, he is the founder of the festival of fools in Amsterdam. "International Festival of Fools". And in the 80s, he bases a little thewood in the Paris district of Pigalle.
Drake Polyberry (July 31, 1949) Bull-Lion / Aristocrat
Jerlery Decamp (October 5, 1947) Boar-Scales / Vector
Leo Bassi (1952) Dragon
Clown Nuk (July 14, 1908) Cancer / Chief
The "branded sign" Nuk was a huge suitcase and a large checkered coat, which hid various musical instruments. NUK was one of the few outstanding clowns of his time, rightly believing the most famous musical clown of the 20th century. "The most tender clown of all times" - so newspapers were titled it in 1962
GROK (Charles Adrien Stems), (January 10, 1880) Dragon Capricorn / Chief
Swiss clown.
CARL BORROMÄUS GODLEWSKI (20. November 1862) Dog Scorpio / Aristocrat
Cloon Circus, Acrobat, Balletmaster, Dance Teacher and Choreographer.
Louis Auriol (11. August 1806) Tiger Lion / Knight
French clown. The son of the same name balletmaster, he studied at the former rope of Pierre Forioso, started at Direction Ducrow with the famous dance of bottles. Oblocked with the famous numbers all of Europe. Debuted in Paris, where he impressed the audience with jumps with jumps.
Olli Hauenstein (1953) Snake
Swiss clown.
BERNHARD PAUL (20. MAI 1947) CabAN-Taurus / Knight
Austrian director of the circus, director, clown and co-founder Circus Roncalli.
Pic, Eigentlich Richard Hirzel, (* 1949) Bull
The Swiss clown significantly contributed to the first success of Circus Roncalli.
Habakuk / Arminio Rothstein (25. Juli 1927), Cat Lion / Vector
Austrian academic artist, manufacturer of dolls and doll-player, script author and writer, musician ..
Gardi Hutter, Altstätten (Saint-Gall), (5 Mars 1953) Snake Fish / Aristocrat
Woman clown.
David Larible (23. Juni 1957) Rooster Cancer / Vector
Italian clown.
Pork (October 28, 1944) Scorpio Monkey / Jester
French comedian, actor and screenwriter.
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STATISTICS
Jester - 6.
Leader - 4.
Knight - 4.
Aristocrat - 3.
Vector - 3.
King - 2.
Professor - 1.
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Bull - 5.
Boar - 4.
Cat - 4.
Tiger - 3.
Dragon - 2.
Rooster - 2.
Monkey - 2.
Dog - 2.
Snake - 2.
Horse - 1.
Goat - 0.
Rat - 0.
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Lion - 4.
Gemini - 3.
Aries - 3.
Scales - 2.
Sagittarius - 2.
Fish - 2.
Capricorn - 1.
Cancer - 2.
Aquarius - 1.
Scorpio - 2.
Taurus - 1.
Virgo - 0
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Natural optimists / Sanguines - 10
Melancholic / Skeptics - 8
Phlegmatics / Space Optimists - 7
Cholerics / dramatizers - 2
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Closed - 11.
Orthodoxes - 9.
Open - 7.
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Sadists - 7.
Cook - 8.
Gourmet - 5.
Mazochists - 5.
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Takeoff - 9.
Ruthless - 9.
Ultimate - 5.
Penalty - 3.
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Lucky - 11.
Fatalists - 5.
Pioneers - 6.
Homemade - 5.
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As you can see, the laurels of the championship keeps of course the jester. Also close to the energetic leader with the chunk. Clown is primarily an image, we will envisage the correct role of virtual image extremely significant in his work.
Optimists of all stripes, from cosmic to natural keeps the first places on top, letting us only one skeptic cat to themselves. The horse behaved very strange. Apparently, this barter with a cat played his work: one pessimist upstairs in exchange for one unrestrained natural optimist - down. So everything is as necessary, structurally and on the concepts, purely specifically.
Govorun-professor in such a silent profession turned out to be so superfluous that he pushed himself as much as the King himself.
A strange way to fall in open signs with full leadership closed, - the clownade did not seem to lose closed aesthets and is the most sample of openness, simpleness and ability to find contact with a completely any viewer. Although it should be noted that the clown is always loner, it is the theater of one actor. And just this feature - the closed weight.
The title of the most tender clown at Gourmet: Cancer (NUC).
Two masochists are acrobats, ballersters, dancing ... That is, in the sphere of clownades, where the profession is approaching sports in physical exertion. Eganbarov (fish) Mutit numbers with plates ..
Sadists: Kuklachev. Dressur, cats to suffer, go there, stuck here, - they are only happy. Polunin (Gemini) is the organizer of the show and cultimal events. Through the fields of all he drove everyone, then for the tram it was forced, then in the tents of Europe to live all of all .. it was the sadists who are good chiefs, for they like to "twist the ropes" from people than cooks, for example.