Biography of Anna Pavlova ballerina. Tragic Love Story Anna Pavlova
Anna Lazarevna Pavlova is the legend of the Russian ballet. She was worshiped, she admired and idolized.
Her dance of the dying white swan was able to repeat only Maya Plesetskaya. All her life was subordinate to the ballet.
She refused family for the sake of art. Anna believed that the ballerina, as a nun, should serve the scene and not have distractions.
Children's Years and Studies
Information regarding the date of birth of the Great Ballerina There is different. According to one source, it was born on January 31, and according to others - February 12, 1881
According to the documents, Anna was born in the family of Burakka Lyubov Fedorovna Pavlova and a peasant, who served as a simple soldier - Matvey Pavlovich.
However, the other version was larger than distribution.
The girl became an illegitimate fruit of love of a rich landowner and her mother, who worked with her one time maid.
Anna as a childhood
Banker Lazar Polyakov could not recognize the baby to her daughter, it would cause an irreparable damage of his reputation.
However, allowed her middle name. So Anna in the documents recorded as Lazarevna, but with the name of the mother - Pavlov.
The girl was born prematurely. Because of weak health, he grew thin, had a pale skin and often sick.
The first years of life, they lived in a small village in a clean air near St. Petersburg.
Their life was poor, but Mom tried sometimes to indulge her girl.
The most awesome event that the babies turned over the whole life was to visit the Mariinsky Theater.
Mom bought tickets to the play "Sleeping Beauty". The girl was fascinated by actions on stage. And since then, all her thoughts were focused on ballet.
In 8 years, Anna led to the entrance tests to a ballet school, but teachers were recommended to come after 2 years.
In 1891, the girl was accepted into a ballet school. The discipline was very strict there.
Classes only Ballet art lasted 8 hours daily.
However, even then, Anna Pavlova manifested itself in combat spirit.
She tried to be better than everyone, although due to weak health it was hard to carry such colossal loads.
During his studies, a royal family arrived in the school. Anna, together with other pupils, then first came to the scene before such an important audience.
In 1898 16-year-old Anna graduated from the school with the "red" diploma and the assignment of the title of "first dancers."
The graduation party was the role of the daughter of the butler in the performance of "Many DRIADES".
Ballerina formation
The young graduate immediately fell into the Mariinsky Theater. For the first time on a big scene, she spoke in the threesome in the ballet "Frequent precaution".
After 2 years, she was entrusted to dance the central party in the formulation of the "Pharaoh's daughter" to the music of Caesar Puni.
A little later, Anna Pavlova received a proposal to dance the role of Nikia from Marius Petipa, who put "Bayaderka".
In 1903, a batch of Giselle in the same name is dancing.
Start XX century. It was marked by innovative ideas and reforms in ballet art. Active supporter of change was choreographer Mikhail Fokin.
Anna Pavlova became the first one who began to participate in the production of M. Fokina. He became her new teacher.
She danced the party in her productions, like "Evenika", "Shopenian", "Egyptian nights".
However, the most outstanding fruit of their cooperation was the ballet "Dying Swan", in which the music of K. Saint-Sansa sounded.
Anna fulfilled this batch almost on complete improvisation. And this dance has become a symbol and masterpiece of all ballet art.
The composer himself, who was present at the execution of this ballet, was shocked by the modern interpretation of his music and how the ballerina was able to transfer this gamut of feelings through the dance.
So, A. Anna Pavlova came to know and they began to say about it: "God lives in her dance."
World fondness and foreign tour
In 1907, the Mariinsky Theater went with tour abroad to Stockholm. There speeches have passed with great success.
However, Anna wanted freedom in actions and independence in making decisions.
In 1909, she herself puts the play "Night Rubinstein". This dance monologue about the insane passionate love of the audience was met by ovations.
Then the ballerina, stunned by success, decides to leave the theater. The theater did not want to let go of his acceptance, and Anna is compromising.
It concludes a contract only for participation in some, most beloved performances.
But the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating your mobile troupe, and declare Russian ballet for the whole world does not leave the great ballerina.
In 1910, she pays the theater greater penalty for the premature termination of the contract and goes to "free swimming".
Self-tours with their already troupe, she began with deafening success in France and England.
Moscow went to the scene of the mirror theater installed in the Hermitage garden. Then a long tour of Europe is organized.
After his ballet, Anna struck the public in the USA, Chile, Brazil and Argentina.
In each country, Ballerina loved to learn local dance traditions. Then she included them in their ballet productions.
Anna Pavlova's ballet troupe was the only one in the repertoire could be seen oriental motives, African and Indian movements.
In Australia, they were so conquered by the grace and ease of ballet dancers, which in her honor came up with a air dessert and called His "Pavlov".
In many English cities, monuments depicting the Russian acceptance of ballet were erected.
Personal life
The young, ascending "star" of Ballet saw on the play rich, influential entrepreneur Viktor Dandre.
He was a descendant of the famous noble family, so he had a good education, knew several languages.
He was stalled by a girlfriend for a girl, before the talent of which even the royal parties bowed. However, he didn't even think about marriage.
Victor became the patron saint of the ballerina. He took off his cozy apartment with a personal dance class, drove into luxury restaurants and gave expensive gifts.
With Viktor Dandre.
Soon, Anna realized that these relations had no future. They were not equal in social status, and the ballerina ruined their novel.
She plunged with his head to work, tour. And Victor went "black" band.
He became bankrupt, owed a large amount of money and could not pay off debt. A court case was brought to him.
The entrepreneur was put in prison and appointed a sum for a collateral that his relatives could not collect.
Anna Pavlova learned that her beloved in prison, being on tour in Paris.
She sent the required amount for the deposit and called Victor to himself.
The entrepreneur had to secretly leave Russia, as he was under a subscription of the unseen, and he had no passport.
In Paris in 1911, young people secretly married the church. Anna took the promise from Victor that he would not tell anyone about their marriage.
In London, they settled in their own mansion, near whom was a pond with swans.
Subsequently, Viktor Dandra became the organizer of her touring life. He led the accounting department, the economy, held business meetings, and answered domestic issues.
Last dance and death
Biography and episodes of life Anna Pavlova. When born and died Anna Pavlova, memorable places and dates of important events of her life. Ballerina quotes, Photo and video.
Years of life Anna Pavlova:
born January 31, 1881, died January 23, 1931
Epitaph
"Wait a minute,
Runner tirelessly
To worship that
What was called Anna. "
From the poem of Erica Willis's memory of Anna Pavlova (translated by T. Yafit)
Biography
She devoted her life to the ballet and became famous for the whole world. Surprisingly, the first of her teachers were confident that the girl was not created for a heavy ballet school, but Anna managed to prove to everyone - if you work hard and live what you love, success is inevitable. Anna Pavlova's biography is the history of the life of the Great Woman, whose name is known to any fan of ballet.
As a child, Pavlova's life was difficult - she did not even know who her father, and the mother barely reduced the ends with the ends. But despite the difficult situation, one day, to please the daughter, Pavlova's mother led her to the "Sleeping Beauty" in the Mariinsky Theater. Later, in his autobiography, Pavlova recalled that he froze from the very first notes - the ballet charm her. That evening she understood what he wanted to do all his life. The first one who saw in Pavlova talent was the great balletmaster Marius Petipa: "Pufflinka in the wind - she will fly on stage." Immediately after graduation, Pavlov was adopted in the Mariinsky Theater, who once decided her fate, and soon became his lead dancer. When, at a charity evening, she first performed the "Swan" miniature ("Dying Swan"), he could not even guess that these 130 seconds of dance would become a symbol of Russian ballet. The composer's composer Camille Saint-Sans, the author of the "Carnival of Animals" suite, on the play from which "swan" was delivered, wished Meetings with Pavlova to make a confession: "Madame, thanks to you I realized that I wrote wonderful music!". The world fame to life Pavlova came along with her participation in the "Russian seasons", which served in Paris Sergey Dyagilev, a Russian theater figure. Soon, Anna went to tour worldwide with his own troupe. When the revolution happened in Russia, and then the Civil War began, Pavlova decided not to return to his homeland anymore.
By the time Pavlova finally moved abroad, she already had a loved one, Viktor Dundre. Pavlova loved him a long time ago, but the rich and aristocrat did not meet her reciprocity. When Dundra got into trouble and lost all his money, Pavlova, by rumors, and decided to sign a contract with New York theater. She rescued her beloved from prison, and he finally saw a loving woman in her and also sincerely loved her. Pavlova and Dundra bought a house in the suburb of London, whose pond was swam on white swans, one of which, named Jack, always waited for his mistress from her long tour.
The Russian ballerina toured tirelessly. For his life, Anna Pavlova traveled almost the whole world, having visited America, China, Japan, India, in the Philippines, and even in Australia. The costumes for her performances created the most famous artists, women imitated her manner to dress, and the fees were assigned to her fabulous. And she continued to wander in Russia. And although it could not return there, constantly sent money to the troupes of Russian theaters and products to starving compatriots.
The death of Pavlova came during her next tour - in the Hague. The cause of the death of Pavlova was pneumonia. The funeral of Anna Pavlova took place in London - at first there was a bodice of Pavlova's body in the Russian Church, then it was burned in the London Crematorium. Pavlova's grave in accordance with her will had to be in Russia. But the husband pretended to execute the will of the ballerina, stating, however, that not against the burial of Pavlova in his homeland, if he promises to create due conditions for this. One way or another, but the urn with the ashes of Pavlova is still kept in Columbaria of the English Crematorium.
Miniature "Dying Swan" performed by Pavlova became the classic of world ballet
Life line
January 31, 1881 Date of birth Anna Pavlovna (Matveyevna) Pavlova.
1889 The end of the imperial theater school, admission to the troupe of the Mariinsky Theater.
1906 The leading troupe dancer.
1907 The first execution of Pavlian miniatures "Swan", which became one of the symbols of the Russian ballet.
1909 Participation of Pavlova in the "Russian seasons" in Paris.
1910 Tours Pavlova abroad with their own troupe.
1913 Pavlova's last speech in the Mariinsky Theater.
1914 Pavlova's last performance in Russia.
1921-1925 Tours in the USA, performance in India.
January 23, 1931 Date of death Pavlova.
January 29, 1931 Funeral Pavlova.
Memorial places
1. Ligovo, where Pavlova was born.
2. Pavlova's house in St. Petersburg, where she lived in 1910 and where the Pavlova Memorial Plank was installed today. Italian street, d. 5.
3. Pavlova's house in London (IVE HOUSE), in which she lived in 1912-1931.
4. The Academy of Russian Ballet named after A. Ya. Vaganova (the former Imperial Theater School), where Pavlova studied.
5. Mariinsky Theater, in the troupe of which Pavlova danced.
6. The Metropolitan Opera Theater in New York, with whom Pavlova worked under the contract.
7. Theater Shatle in Paris, where Pavlova performed during participation in the "Russian seasons".
8. Krematorium Golders Green in London, where Pavlova is buried (urn with ashes is stored in Columbaria Crematorium).
Episodes of life
Anna Pavlova was friends with Charlie Chaplin. They rummed that the great comedian and the director was in love with the ballerina and dreamed of making her proposal, but did not dare. When they met, Chaplin booked a whole restaurant for Pavlova. He also acted as a ballerina consultant when she needed to record his rooms on a film.
Diya, Pavlova asked everyone to leave the room, only the maid was left with her. Ballerina nodded a girl on a dress that she bought recently at the fashionable Parisian Couturier, and said: "It would be better if I spent this money on my children." Pavlov's children never had, she spoke about Russian orphan girls who had long been on the maintenance. Women's shelter she organized in Saint-Clock, setting up children in the mansion. Since then, most of her earnings went to give girls not just shelter and food, but also education. She also cared for each of her pupils could get a decent job after leaving the shelter.
When on January 23, it became known about the death of Anna Pavlova, in the London theater "Apollo" during the presentation decided to honor her honor. In the hall turned off the light, and the spotlight beam in the dark to the music of Saint-Sansa read the path that the ballerina did in his miniature the "dying swan". The whole hall silently got up - the whole world already knew about the death of a great ballerina.
Covenant
"If you pursue the same goal, you will definitely open the secret of success."
Documentary film memory Anna Pavlova from the cycle "Life and Legends"
Sobolesnia
"If we see her famous recording of the" dying swan ", then we can, of course, note that now the ballerina is more technicious, perhaps, even more beautiful, look different ... But that tremble, which was inherent in Anna Pavlova, I think Today there is no ballerina. Even from among the greatest and famous. She managed to convey the era, and some kind of spiritual internal state in his dance. And I'm sure that any ballerina, looking at her records today and comparing with his dance, will understand that it still lacks something. And this is "something" - something elusive, some kind of inner force, which was inherent in only this ballerina. So, despite all progress, there is something inexplicable in the dance of the people of the past, which we, unfortunately, perhaps no longer find ... "
Evgenia Obrazzova, Ballerina
"The art of Anna Pavlova was born and died with her - to dance, like Pavlov, it was necessary to be Pavlova."
Andrey Levinson, ballet critic
"Pavlova managed to raise a live dance to the height, where only the Spirit usually wakes up."
Marina Tsvetaeva, poetess
Sirin Savely Abramovich (1887-1953) Anna Pavlova.
The name Pavlova was still legendary during the life of the ballerina. Her fees were the highest in the ballet those years. She was imitated, she was enthusiastic, in honor of the terrific Balley of the kings arranged techniques, and confectioners called the cakes with her name. They wrote about her, she was drawn, she was dedicated to poems, and the best ballet critic Andrei Levinson spoke about Anna: "Her art was born and dying along with her - to dance, like Pavlov, it was necessary to be Pavlova!".
Brilliant English comedian Charlie Chaplin, all his life dreamed of making her an offer. For the first time they met on a banquet arranged in honor of Anna Pavlova. Chaplin, referring to the dancer, said that the English could not pass the feelings that he was experiencing to her, and express the greatness, which is Pavlov. Therefore, he intends to speak Chinese. With these words, Chaplin, imitating Chinese speech by entering the rage, kissed Pavlova's hand. So they started their friendship. Later, Charlie Chaplin performed as a consultant Anna Pavlova when writing her numbers to a film.
Meeting, they shot a restaurant for two, and Chaplin, joking, taught the ballerina to dance, and she was to wear a cane.
"We look like you, Anna! Said Chaplin in the first meeting in America. - I am a tramp, you are Sylphide. Who do we need? Here we are chasing ... "
Charlie Chaplin and Anna Pavlova, 1922. To tell about Anna Pavlova is very difficult. The events of her personal life, what happened out of the scene, her own human destiny, characteristics - they all disappear in what happened on stage. If it is very accurate to tell her biography, then it will be necessary to very accurately list the roles and names of cities where she toured. For 22 years, Pavlov's tour gave about 9000 performances, drove by train more than 500,000 kilometers, and there was a period when the Italian shoe master of Romeo Ninolini made 2,000 ballet shoes per year for her. Her record tour of the cities where the ballet never heard and all over the world still do not be broken.
She was born to dance, and when the physical opportunity disappeared to dance, she just disappeared, died. And absolutely sincerely can be said that everything except the scene, everything except her creativity, except for dance, for Pavlova was secondary. Unlike most successful ballerinas of the 19th century, which lived their lives at the bottom and betrayed publicity, everything that happened to them, Anna Pavlova carefully hid her life. She loved to take interviews very much, but all her statements concerned ballet, and were extremely uneconomic when they asked questions about her attachments, about her tastes in addition to music or dance. What she was - to imagine almost impossible, so secretly this is a woman, and even from the book written by her husband, nothing can be understood about her. Today it seems that even its origin and the birth of the mystery is unknown.
According to the official metrics, Anna Pavlova was born in the Lab Guard Guard's Lazarpet of the Transfiguration Regiment in St. Petersburg. The girl was born ahead of time, fragile, painful, and the first years of life she spent in the village, in the house of her grandmother, this is a small village near Petersburg - a leagovo.
In the metric book, it was recorded as a daughter of an ordinary soldier from the peasants of the Tver Province of Matthew Pavlovich Pavlov and his legitimate wife, Lyubovoy Lyubov Fedorovna Pavlova. Who he is such, Matvey Pavlov, the Father of the Great Ballerina, no one knows. Was he, or this marriage was formal - in any case, after a few years, Anna Pavlova's mother has a second husband and a separate passport that it was extremely difficult for a woman in Russia.
Who was the real father of the ballerina, it is not known for sure. According to the allegations of several contemporaries, including the two of its only one-country brothers, Anna Pavlova's father was one of the largest Moscow bankers, the landselner of Lazar Polyakov. Ballerina hid his origin before the death.
Anna Pavlova remembers how Mom led her to the Mariinsky Theater, and she saw the ballet "Sleeping Beauty", which is also strange - Mom worked as a lauree, buy two tickets to the Mariinsky Theater - it is very expensive and very difficult. In general, it turns out that the rich dad was. Nevertheless, this campaign is no matter who was dad - decided the fate of a little girl, and she dreamed of becoming a ballerina.
Ballet made such a strong impression on Pavlov, which, from nature shy and soft, she first expressed her solid will to choose a career of a ballet dancer. "I will dance as Princess Aurora," the girl said firmly, returned home.
For the first time, she was brought to the school too small, she was not accepted, and when she was eight years old, in 1891 Anna Pavlov took to St. Petersburg theater School.
From the memories of Anna Pavlova:
"I remember when I was still in the youngest class in the school, the sovereign was arrived by Emperor Alexander the third with Empress Maria Fedorovna and the Grand Princes. We, pupils, danced ballet on our little scene. After the ballet, everyone was invited to the audience, where there was a royal family, and the sovereign put on his little girlfriend to his knees. I burst out. I began to ask what I was crying about. I also want the sovereign to put me on his knees - I answered, pouring tears. To console me, the Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich took me on his hands, but I was not satisfied with this. I want the sovereign to kiss me. "
All laughed. He did not kiss her. This desire to be first, to be the best, to attract attention is the necessary property of the future star. If you kiss, then with the emperor, or not at all.
She was a fragile girl, she did not always take strength to overcome the difficulties of learning, she physically did not withstand this load. But her fragility was combined with the stubborn power of the will.
Puinta Anna Pavlova The school graduated in 1899, immediately accepted on an exceptional situation in the theater. Until the dramatic talent of Anna Pavlova was manifested, the criticism constantly reproaches it in the imperfection of technology on stage. If you first read the reviews on the first performances of Anna Pavlova, it is written there that it cares little about the correctness of the legs, it is a romantic mess in the movement of hands. And then very fast intonation change, and all the technical errors of the dance of Anna Pavlova are called her style. It is written that Pavlova has something in dancing, which highlights it from among other soloists.
She bleed at the stage of the Mariinsky Theater for 10 years. In the ballet masters of the academic repertoire, which walked on the stage of this theater did not occur everywhere the opportunity to express something psychologically deep and meaningful. And Pavlova had a lot of passing, optional parties for her. The two of her parties made this ballerina the Great for the Russian viewer is Nikia and Giselle.
Surprisingly for the ballerina, no one treated the ballet parties to Pavlov. She spoke out about "Bayaderk" so: "I want to show a number of experiences, transitions from one feeling to another."
In Russia, except for the classic repertoire, she collaborated with his friend, a school friend, the balletmaster Mikhail Fokin. Fokin first saw in Anna Pavlova, and not in the Karsawin ideal performer of his ballet.
In 1907, he set for her the Swan's concert number to Saint-Sansa's music. This number accompanied her all life, the image of the swan became her beloved, and the last words before the death of Anna Pavlova said: "Serve my swan costume."
In 1910, Pavlova passes to the situation of the tour, it applies to the dismissal from the theater and concludes a contract for individual performances. But at the same time, her private life is being solved, she marries Viktor Dandra. Victor Dandre was a fan of her talent, visited all the performances, was a member of the State Duma, a very large official. He was in the same company who oversees the construction of one of the largest bridges in St. Petersburg - Okhtinsky bridge. It was accused of an embezzlement of stateless money, a criminal process was headed for him, and Dundra sat in prison. He was released under a very large deposit with the prohibition of departure from Russia. Anna Pavlova deposited money for the deposit, and, regardless of the ban on departure, Dundra left Russia and settled in England, became impresario Anna Pavlova. And it turns out that since it became a spouse of a man, the entrance to which was banned in Russia, he became very difficult for her, and her departure from the theater was obviously dictated by family circumstances.
The Directorate in every way tried to keep it in the theater, and she was offered such conditions that did not interfere with Pavlova to keep their troupe and touring around the world, she had already felt like an actress of the world, and she had little of this scene. Two seasons Anna Pavlova performed in Dyagilev Troupe. But she was closely in this community. She was a soloist, solitary, and the general creativity was not necessary.
Anna Pavlova, 1913, Color photo: klimbim.art. The last time in Russia she spoke in 1913, and left the country, never returning when she was 33 years old. The need for a constant change of the repertoire - she moved from one site to another - led to the fact that Anna Pavlova herself began to put her numbers, customizing music to their capabilities. And half of the repertoire is the rooms set by the Novikov and the Anna Pavlova itself, and converted from old roles.
I carry such a fantastic load, moving from one place to another, Anna Pavlova, never sick. The dance itself, obviously gave her strength and restored her. She stubbornly did not notice that she was old that the forces were no longer the forces. Very cruelly describes in his memoirs of the French balletmaster and dancer Serge Liminar: "I so walked you, and I liked your dancing so much that I am ready to kill today's scarlet, so that she does not overshadow that exalted, perfect image." She still continued to dance.
I would like to add that in every country where Anna Pavlova came, she studied national dances and included them in their repertoire. She had Japanese, Indian dances, African dances.
She died during the tour, withered, flew only five days. Just disappeared .
Personal life Anna Pavlova
The personal life of the ballerina was not easy. However, Anna Pavlova considered it natural:
"Now I want to answer the question that I often offer me: why I do not get married. The answer is very simple. True artist is like a nun, not entitled to lead a life desired for most women. She cannot burden himself with concerns about the family and about the economy and should not demand from the life of a quiet family happiness, which is given to the majority. I see that my life is a single whole. Pursue nonstop and the same goal - in this mystery of success. What is success? It seems to me that he is not in the applause of the crowd, but rather the satisfaction that you get from approaching perfection. I once thought that success was happiness. I was wrong. Happiness - Moth, who is on a moment and flies. "
Pavlova tied his life with Viktor Dandre. A person is very controversial. Dundra is a mining engineer, in 1910 he was accused by the authorities of St. Petersburg in the embezzlement of funds allocated for the construction of the Okhtinsky bridge. Anne Pavlova had to hurry him to revenue and pay a considerable amount to free it. Despite the subscription of the unseen, Dundra after that fled from Russia and many years lived without a passport.
At the same time, Dudre was one of the most capable impresario of his time, which for the first time understood the power of the press. He constantly satisfied the press conference, invited photo reporters and newsmen to Pavlova's speeches, gave numerous interviews related to her life and creativity. For example, the plots inspired by a romantic manner "Swan" perfectly played. A lot of photos have been preserved that captured Anna Pavlov on the shore of the lake, on the mirror stroy whose gliding beautiful snow-white birds. Such a reservoir was in her estate "Ivi House" in England. There really lived swans, and one of them named Jack was a favorite Anna Pavlova. He did not forget his mistress when she was on long trips. A photograph of Anna with a swan on his knees is widely known, his head trusting is on her shoulder. The photo is made by the famous photographer lafayette, which Dundra specially invited to shoot.
But it was Dundra who tried to squeeze everything possible from the world glory of the ballerina, organizing endless and very tense tours, without sparing her health. Ultimately, the unbearable load and led, apparently, to her untimely death ...
Anna Pavlova and Enrico Cheketti - the Great Italian Artist of Ballet, Balletmaster and Pedagogue. The last days of the life of Anna Pavlova
On January 17, 1931, the famous ballerina arrived at the tour in the Netherlands, where they knew and loved her. In honor of the "Russian Swan, the Dutch, famous for their flowers, brought a special variety of snow-white tulips and called them" Anna Pavlov ". Until now, at the exhibitions of colors, you can admire their sophisticated beauty. With a large bouquet of these flowers, Anna met at the station Dutch Impresario Ernst Krauss. But the ballerina felt bad and immediately went to the "Hotel Dez and", where she was allotted by the "Japanese Salon" with a bedroom, which was subsequently called "Anna Pavlova's salon". Apparently, the actress was very cold during a trip by train along the winter France. Moreover, as it turned out, the night train, which she rode from England to Paris, ran into a cargo team. Fallen CFR strongly hit her on the ribs. Only close friends Anna told about this incident, although he complained about many.
The doctor was urgently called a doctor who discovered the ballerina acute pleurisy. Queen of the Netherlands Wilhelmin sent a Pavlian personal doctor de Jong. After examining it, he came to the following conclusion:
"Madame, you are plerating. Operation is needed. I would advise you to remove one edge to make it easier to suck the liquid. " In response, Dundra exclaimed: "How so! After all, she will not be able to dance tomorrow! "
Indeed, the bills that were announced throughout the Hague that "January 19 will be the last in the Netherlands. Speech by the greatest ballerina of our time Anna Pavlova with her big ballet." Then there was a long tour of North and Latin America, the Far East. But this was not destined to come true.
Dandre decided to invite another physician. The telegram was urgently caused from Paris the Zalevsky's doctor, who had already treated Anna before. And the ballerina was getting worse.
Apparently, then the legend of the "dying swan" was born, which Viktor Dandra leads in his memoirs. Anna Pavlova, assures a memoirist, I wanted to reach the scene at any cost again. "Bring me my swan costume," she said. These were supposedly her last words ...
However, the reality was much more prosaic and tragic. Anna Pavlova's maid of Anna Pavlova Margeryit Lytyenn, the doctors who had her bed were told about this. They remember that Ballerina invited some participants to himself and gave them instructions, believing that, despite her disease, performances should take place, especially in Belgium for the needs of the Red Cross. Then she became worse. All except the maid, retired from the room. Anna, nodding on an expensive dress, recently purchased in Paris at the famous Kuturier, said Margherit: "It would be better if I spent this money on my children." She meant orphans, who have long lived on her funds in one of the mansions. After that, the patient fell into someone.
Arriving Zavisky with the help of a drainage tube tried to still pump fluid from the pleura and lungs, but everything was in vain. Anna no longer came into consciousness. It is believed that on the night of January 22nd to January 23, 1931, she died from acute blood infection, listed enough well-disinfected drainage tube ...
After the death of Pavlova
The Russian colony in Paris wanted Pavlov to be buried in the Cemetery of Per-Lashhesis, where she could put a wonderful monument. But Dudre spoke in order for Anna cremated. During the tour in India, it was enchanted by Indian funeral ceremonies, during which the body of the deceased is burned on the burial birefront. She noticed close to what she would like to be cremated. "So later it will be easier to return my dust to the expensive Russia," she would say. Dundra discussed this issue with impresario Krauss, and they decided to consult with the head of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Hague Priest Rozanov, because only the funeral on the cemetery is relying on church canons. Considering the situation, the priest did not object to cremation ...
Viktor Dandra, despite all his assurances, was not an official husband Anna Pavlova, although this is stated in his testament and urn with his ashes installed next to Anna's urn. She herself never called him her husband, they had no shared bank account. After the death of Anna Dandra, he stated his claims to Aini House. When the ballerina's mother, rejecting these encroachments, filed on him to court, Dundra could not present any marriage certificates or wedding photographs, referring to the fact that the documents were not preserved after the revolution in Russia.
The lawyer recalled then that he had previously talked about marriage with Pavlova in America. But here the Dundra could not submit documents and even call the wedding place. He lost the process, and he had to leave the Ivi House.
Was Dudra's husband Anna Pavlova or not, but in his will, the text of which is given in the book, says: "I charge my attorney to buy a niche 5791 and 3797 in the Goulders Green crematorium as a place for urns containing my dust and dust of my beloved Anna's wives, known as Anna Pavlov. I give the authority to my attorney to give consent to transfer the dust of my wife and, if they find it possible, also my dust in Russia, if someday the Russian government or the government of any large Russian province will seek the transfer and will give my attorney satisfactory assurances in That the dust Anna Pavlova will receive due honor and respect. "
Pavlova is unique. She did not have loud ranks, did not leave the followers or the school. After her death, her troupe was dissolved, property was sold out. Only the memory of the great Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova remained, whose name is prizes and international awards.
One of the outstanding British choreographers - Sir Frederick Ashton - decided to devote his life to the ballet after the teenager saw Pavlova's performance in Ecuador. Later, he witnessed her triumphal performances on stage Covent Garden. In the old age, Sir Ashton recalled Pavlova:
"On her there was always a white coat, contrasting with its black hair. She looked great! And her dance was incredible! Hand flexibility, gorgeous legs! She had an amazing speed, which now rarely meet in dance. She was graceful in life and on stage! She was the most outstanding theater person from everyone I knew! "
Facts about Anna Pavlova
1. Shoes
Anne Pavlovna was difficult to choose ordinary shoes, so she always drove with them a suitcase for 36 pairs. The same problem was with ballet shoes. Anna Pavlova preferred to order her from the famous Italian master Romeo Nikolini. Ballerina treated very carefully to ballet shoes, because from her quality and convenience, it was dependent on how one or another Pirouette would succeed. Often shoes had to redo. Once, Nicolini even said: "Yes, it is a great honor that Anna Pavlova is my customer. But if I had two Pavlov, I would die. "
2. Pavlova and Dyagilev
Many are confident that it was Dyagilev who opened Pavlov to the world. But it is not. Anna Pavlova has already danced in Sweden, Denmark and Germany for another year before the emergence of the "Russian seasons". Moreover, it was Pavlova who suggested that Dyagilev to include in the Opera season and ballet (the first "Russian seasons" were exclusively operas). Dyagilev initially did not believe that Europeans, and even more so Parisians like the Russian ballet, and did not agree for a long time, but after some time still decided to try to turn on the ballet in the Seasons. It is worth noting that the condition of the show of the Russian ballet in Paris was the arrival of Anna Pavlova as part of the Dyagilev troupe.
Anna Pavlova during the Australian Tour, 1926. 3. Charity
During World War I, where, where Anna Pavlova came, performances were organized in favor of the Red Cross. At the end of the war, the ballerina gave concerts in the Metropolitan-Opera and for the entire revenue sent parcels with products to the St. Petersburg and Moscow School.
In Paris, Anna Pavlova decided to arrange a shelter for Russian children who remained orphans - so the female shelter appeared in Saint-Cl. Anna Pavlova was concerned not only so that the girls had shelter, but also gained education, practical training for life, and at the exit of the shelter - work. Therefore, all pupils studied either in Russian gymnasium, or in French colleges, and each was given freedom to choose a specialty.
4. Favorite swan
Anna Pavlovna loved animals and birds. The main favorite was Swan John (in different sources there are different names: Jack, Jacques), who helped to tame Anna Pavlovna, a certain gentleman, who was subsequently called the "swan professor". John, did not let anyone, except the hostess, and walked for Anna on his heels like a dog. The ballerina is also improving his dance, he studied with his favorite swan movements. Well known to the photo where John hugs his neck to the neck of Anna.
5. Ballerina's memory in London
The British carefully keep the memory of the Great Russian Ballerina. The London Museum stores a dress in which Anna Pavlova danced. The walls of the old English pub "The Gate" in the barnet area, as well as the ROYAL OPERA HOUSE showcases, are decorated with photos of Anna Pavlova. Ivy House suits the exhibitions dedicated to her life and creativity. And the little Golden Ballerina in the Victoria station district, everything dances and dances for us - the second century, in any weather! London became a favorite place and a cozy home for Anna Pavlova. Here she found her soul peace and happiness.
6. Style "A La Pavlova"
Like any woman, Anna Pavlova loved the world of fashion. She often and with a big hunt posted for photographers of famous fashion houses England, Berlin and Paris. So, in 1926, in Paris, she starred in a panbarkhat manot, trimmed by sweets for the cover of the fashion journal L'Officiel. Anna has come up with their clothing style - multi-layer thin bedspreads, which she with light carelessness watched her slim body. This style of clothing "A La Pavlova" became very popular, Anna wanted to imitate. It is thanks to her to fashion, the manilas shawls in the Spanish manner were entered with brushes and hats.
Anna Pavlova, 1913, Color photo:
Ballet is one of the symbols of Russian art. In the twentieth century, a whole pleiad of outstanding dancers was shone on the stage of the Mariinsky Theater, among whom was a real prima - Anna Pavlova. This legendary actress made a real revolution in the ballet, received a world calling and lived a very interesting life.
Anna Pavlova's life was always shrouded in secret, historians still argued about who were the parents of the future outstanding ballerina, and what is the real date of her birth. Presumably, the girl was born on January 31, 1881, her mother, love Pavlov, was an ordinary laundry, and his father is the largest banker and landowner. Anna was an illegitimate child, but his father cared for her, not bothering her upbringing. Thanks to financial support, the girl since childhood attended the Mariinsky Theater, and took lessons from the best teachers of the imperial ballet school. Anna's dance skill was 9 years old, but years of hard workouts were not gone - the dancer honed the skill and developed her own artistic manner.
Once in the troupe of the Mariinsky Theater, Anna Pavlova began working with the balletmister Mikhail Fokin, which later largely determined her success. It was Fokin who put the "Swan" for Anna, for the first time it was shown in 1907 at a charitable evening, and more than years, got the name "Dying Swan" and became a business card of Russian ballet.
The success of Anna Pavlova was so great that in 1908 it goes to a tour in Europe as one of the participants of the Russian Seasons program, presented abroad Sergei Dyagilev. The image of Pavlova in the role of a dying swan decorated billboard activities, and the European capitals met her performances by ovations.
A dizzying success at the same time did not bring the satisfaction of the Anne Pavlova itself. She was swayed and pathos, with whom the ballet performances of the Russian school were served. The dancer was sure that the dance was in itself, as if a gem, and does not require expensive frames in the form of lush scenery and sophisticated scene design. Perhaps this was the reason that the ballerina ceases to cooperate with Dyagilev, it founds his troupe and go to tour the world alone.
In addition to Europe, Anna Pavlova conquered North and South America. Rio de Janeiro and Buenos Aires, Costa Rica and Havana - where they just did not know about Russian. And everywhere her performances disappeared anchlags, and after her touring a true interest in the ballet was born.
Anna Pavlova lived in Russia until 1914, after - decided to leave to England. Her bold creativity did not correspond to the canons of the emerging Soviet art. The life of the brilliant ballerina ended tragically in 1931. During one of the movements in the world tour, she fell into the railway catastrophe and suffered severely from bruises and hypothermia. Ballerina died in the Hague, and her dust was transported to London.
About how young Russian donations lay their way to the ballet today, tells the photocycle "".
Pavlova Anna (1881-1931), Great Russian Ballerina, Prima Imperial Mariinsky Theater in St. Petersburg (1899-1913). Participated in the famous "Russian seasons" S. P. Dyagileev in Paris. From 1908 toured abroad, in 1910 created his own troupe, which with a triumphal success acted in many countries of the world.
What remains from the rulers of the Dum - big artists of the past years? Heap of old-fashioned photographs, Memories of contemporaries - Sometimes significant and bright, sometimes banal lines ...
Someone from the dancers wrote about Anne Pavlova: "It was a very thin girl, height is slightly above average. She had a charming smile and beautiful slightly sad eyes; Long, slender, very beautiful legs with an unusually high rise; The figure is elegant, fragile and so air, which seemed to be about to torn off the ground and fly away. "
In the autobiography, written in 1912, Anna recalled: "The first my memoil is a small house in St. Petersburg, where we lived together with my mother ... We were very, very poor. But mom always managed to take me some pleasure on big holidays. Once, when I was eight years old, she announced that we would go to the Mariinsky Theater. "Here you will see the wizard." Showed "Sleeping Beauty".
From the very first notes of the orchestra, I crushed and all fluttered, for the first time felt the breath of beauty. In the second act, the crowd of boys and girls danced wonde waltz. "Would you like to dance so much?" - Mom asked me with a smile. "No, I want to dance as that beautiful lady, which depicts sleeping beauty."
I love to remember this first evening in the theater, who decided my fate.
"We cannot take an eight-year-old child," said the director of the ballet school, where Mom led me, exhausted by my perseverance. "Give it when she is ten years old."
Within two years of waiting, I was elevated, I became sad and thoughtful, tormented by an unequivocal thought about how to quickly deal with a ballerina.
To enter the imperial ballet school is anyway what to enter the monastery, such an iron discipline reigns there. From school, I left sixteen years old with the title of the first dancer. Since then, I have passed to the ballerina. In Russia, in addition to me, only four dancers have the official right to this title. Thought to try yourself in foreign scenes came for the first time when I read the biography of Taloni. This great Italian danced everywhere: in Paris, and in London, and in Russia. Sleeping from her legs and today is stored in St. Petersburg. " 
"In this evening, the pupil of Pavlova first appeared before the public, and on the same evening she for the first time turned the overall attention. Thin and slim like a straw, and flexible, as it, with the naive peer of South Spaniard, air and ephemeral, it seemed fragile and elegant as the Severian statuette.
But sometimes she took Attiteads and poses in which something classic was felt, and if she had to dress at these moments in Antique Pepleum, it would have turned out to be a great similarity with one of the figurine de tanagra. "
So wrote ballet critic Valerian Svetlov in 1906 on the fresh memories of Anna Pavlova graduation
"Several pages of my life":
"Everywhere our tour was welcomed as revelations of new art ...
... From London, I went to tour to America, where I danced in the Metropolitan theater. Of course, I am delighted with the reception, arranged to me by the Americans. The newspapers placed my portraits, articles about me, interview with me and - I need to tell the truth - a bunch of fiddles about my life, my tastes and views. I often laughed, reading this fantastic lies and seeing myself what was never ...
In Stockholm, the King Oscar came to look at us every night. But what was my amazement when I was informed that the king invites me to the palace. For me sent a court carriage, and I rolled the streets of Stockholm as if the princess. "
King Oscar "complained to me the Swedish Order" For Merit to Art. "
I was very flattered by such mercy; The attention rendered to me by the crowd, who defended me after one presentation from the theater to my hotel, was even more expensive. "
"For a long time, the crowd did not want to dispel ... touched to the depths of the soul, I turned to my maid, asking:" How did I fascinated them? "
"Sudamnya," she replied, "you gave them a minute of happiness, giving them a moment forget their concerns."
I will not forget this answer ... From this day my art got no sense and meaning for me. "
"From the very beginning of its stage activity, an extraordinary feeling of posture and equilibrium provided it with brilliant execution of Adahio. Pa De Bur on pointers through the whole scene, she performed so rapidly and smoothly, which seemed to float in the air.
"She does not dance, but flies," said Dyagilev
Karsavina: "... Many ballerinas are satisfied with the fact that they like the public with the brilliance and influence. Pavlova won the hearts by its inimitable grace, refinement, somehow uncommon to be a description of the magic, some spirituality inherent in one ...
... a lot was mentioned about a special smoothness of movements of her hands. It was an individual feature of her dating, the only one of its kind. She enjoyed this gift, as well as all the others with his techniques, submitting to that inner alarm, which managed it in her amazing performance. "
On Childhood, which manifested at Anna Pavlova, on a par with her kipument, ... that's what the biographer says:
"She loved to swim, but how an unlikely was her funny manner to swim on her graceful movements on stage! Dundra and its other friends always took care of not to let it go to the water, because it was unsafe. Instead of entering the water smoothly, gradually, she loved to dive, and every time she did it with a terrible burst.
Once, diving, she truly truncated. However, it was impossible to dissuade her from this classes, so every time she bathed, carefully followed her, holding rescue accessories at the ready.
She loved gambling, although it was not knitted with her in kind. Playing poker, she fond of a child. According to Fokina, who has happened to play many times with her, she did not have any abilities to the card game and nevertheless, if she managed to win a few shillings, there was no end to delight. "
With Charlie Chaplina, her exclusive friendship was associated. The biographers were perplexed that there was a cause, because "the art of Pavlova was an expression of high humanism, and the art of Chaplin was to emphasize the dramatic parties to life."
The newspapers were dedicated to her magnificent reviews: "Pavlova is a cloud soaring over the ground, Pavlova is a flame that flashes and fading, this is an autumn leaf, striking the impulse of the ice wind ...".
Shooting pages of reviews, essays, articles about Pavlova, notice one feature: not only ballet specialists write about it, but also people who have never been involved in ballet. Such was the powerful force of the impact of its art.
"Just seeing Pavlov, I understood, felt, felt the dance strength, all his charm, all his beauty, the beauty of the art, where the word is overlooking where it is forgotten ..." - this writes the critic of the dramatic theater E. Beskin. The dancer struck by the art, he immediately tried to explain, analyze the origins of this great creative power. "She combined the cold technique of a classic ballet with a temperament of art TEGGE A TEGGE and combined it perfectly, harmoniously, merged with the living emotions of her body. Her teachers of Camargo, Taloni, Fokin, Duncan - on four strings of this amazing ballet strativarius she learned to sing ... His wonderful songs without words ... "
"Lyrics - heart poetry - szvuk, unclear and exciting, unearthly songs - this is a disclosure area for Pavlova in its entirety. But Pavlova is smiling in Lukava Gavote from under a large straw hat. How thin this profile, as gentle features! This femininity, a triumphant victory, femininity, charming and turbulent ... "- These words are told by theatrical criticism of Yuri Sobolev.
"She is a modern man, but the old PA is dancing. She technician, but lives soul. She is naive and unconscious expressant of the finest emotions. In his allegedly spontaneity, she converts a tradition, she depicts, she plays himself and therefore it is as big an artist as a dancer, both in one - she plays a dance and dancing the game ", these findings make the German ballet critic Oscar B..
1925, famous critic Akim Volynsky wrote: "In the pace of classical ballet, a peculiar language of the human soul is deployed"
Dying swan
Choreographic miniature "Dying Swan" to music K. Saint-Sansa was set for Pavlova Ballet Master Mikhail Fokin in 1907
At first he was not dying. Mikhail Fokin invented for Anna a concert number on Saint-Sansa music literally in a few minutes. At first, the "swan" in a weightless pack, confused by Pup, just sailed into serenity. But then Anna Pavlova added to the famous 130 seconds of dancing tragedy of untimely death, "and the number turned into a masterpiece, and on a snow-white pack of" wound "- Rubin's brooch. A small choreographic composition "Dying Swan" has become its corona number. She performed him, according to contemporaries, completely supernatural. On the scene, a huge or small, descended the beam of the searchlight and followed the performer. A figurine appeared back to the public on the pointe, dressed in the fluffy fluff. It rushed in intricate zigzags of death agony and was not descended from pointes to the end of the room. She was weakened by her, she was moved away from life and left her in an immortal pose, lyrically depicting the doom, passing the winner - death.
Anna Pavlova died from inflammation of the lungs in the Hague during the tour January 23, 1931, without having lived a week before his 50th anniversary. I buried her in a swan costume, as the legend says, at the request of the ballerina itself.
The Russian colony in Paris wanted Pavlov to be buried in the Cemetery of Per-Lashhesis, where she could put a wonderful monument. But Dudre spoke in order for Anna cremated. During the tour in India, it was enchanted by Indian funeral ceremonies, during which the body of the deceased is burned on the burial birefront. She noticed close to what she would like to be cremated. "So later it will be easier to return my dust to the expensive Russia," she would say.
In Viktor Dandre's will, Anna Pavlova's husband, says: "I charge my attorney to buy ... Places for urns containing my ashes and dust of my beloved wife Anna, known as Anna Pavlova. I agree to transfer the dust of my wife and also my dust to Russia, if someday the Russian government will seek the transfer and ... Anna Pavlova's dust will receive due honor and respect. "
Urn with the ashes of Anna Pavlova in Nishe Columbaria Crematorium Golders Green
She did not have loud ranks, did not leave the followers or the school. After her death, her troupe was dissolved, property was sold out. Only the legend of the great Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova remained, whose name is prizes and international awards. It is devoted to artistic and documentaries (Anna Pavlova, 1983 and 1985). The French balletmaster R. Petit put the ballet "My Pavlova" for the national team. The rooms of her repertoire are dancing leading ballerina in the world. And the "dying swan" is immortalized performed by Galina Ulanova, Ivet Schuhir, Maya Plisetskaya.
http://be.convdocs.org/docs/index-34723.html.