Aivazovsky years. Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (brief biography)

The famous marinist of the XIX century Ivan (ovanes) Aivazovsky was born 200 years ago in Feodosia, in the family of a ruined Armenian merchant. Father Konstantin (Gevork) moved to Feodosiya from Galicia, where his parents from Western Armenia moved to the XVIII century.

"Ivan's father was a merchant. Holded six languages. Having moved to the Feodosius, he was unusual for Russian name Gevorg replaced by Konstantin. The future artist Ovasnes Aivazyan was born here," said Armenia Honored Armenian Cultnik Chatnik Correspondent of Armenia in a conversation.

The Father of the Future Marinist began to write his last name with the prefix "Hay" (translated from Armenian - Armenian). In Russian letter "H", was replaced by "G" - so the name of Gaivazyan appeared.

Later, the artist's family was listed in the documents as Gaivazovsky, the Polish way. Ivan Gaivazovsky has already been talent as an artist's talent. He draws various landscapes on the walls of the houses of Feodosia, in which the sea is necessarily present. At that time, Alexander Treaschayov was the darling of Feodosia. Once, walking through the streets of the city, he saw a teenager drawing on the walls of houses coal.

"Iovanese was then about ten years. He painted coal on white walls - imaginary Molbert, old fortress with the raging sea," said Khachatryan.

Treaschairs immediately recognized in a small boy a big talent. Since then, he supported him, since the family of a ruined merchant struggled with difficulty with the ends with the ends. At the end of the Feodosii State School, the young artist is not without the support of Treaschaeff, was adopted at the Imperial Academy of Arts of St. Petersburg. The head of Feodosia wrote a letter to Petersburg with a recommendation to be sure to take on the vacant place of the talented young man of Armenian origin. Treaschairs did not change - the Academy of Arts Aivazovsky graduated with a gold medal. By 27 years, Ivan became a respected member of the Academy and gradually becomes a popular artist. The Emperor of Russia invites him to the palace and orders a number of cloths.

In 1840, after many years of thought, Ivan and his elder brother Gabriel decided to change the surname to Aivazovsky. They decided to make the surname more harmful and write it in Russian Aivazovsky, and in Armenian - Ayvazyan.

The decision was made in Italy, in the Armenian Congregation of Mkutarists on the island of St. Lazarus. Ivan or Ovanen came here as a scholarship of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, and Gabriel has studied from a young school in the local school.

"Aivazovsky mentioned in his letters more than once mentioned that he considers him an incorrect writing his last name as Gaivazovsky," said Khachatryan.

Ivan on the canvases dedicated to Armenian theme signed by Aivazyan, all the rest of his work was signed by Aivazovsky.

According to Khachatryan, today Aivazovsky is considered to be Russian mariny, he brought up in the traditions of the Russian picturesque school.

However, in letters addressed to the Armenian Catholicos NeshShchekii, a marine writes that he serves the Armenian people and first of all considers himself an Armenian.

Among the famous mariny artists of all times and peoples, it is difficult to find someone who succeeds more accurately than Aivazovsky, convey the majestic strength and attractive charm of the sea. This greatest painter of the nineteenth century left us a unique legacy of the canvas, able to instill love for the Crimea and passion for traveling to anyone who did not even have been on marine shores. In many respects, the secret of the Biography of Aivazovsky, he was born and grew in an environment, inseparably connected with the sea.

Youth in the biography of Aivazovsky

Describing the biography of Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky, you must first note that he was born in Feodosia, July 17, 1817 in a merchant family of Armenian origin.

Father - Gevork (in the Russian version Konstantin) Ayvazyan; I. K. Aivazovsky. Portrait of the Father	Mother Ripseima Awazyan. I. K. Aivazovsky. Portrait of mother	Aivazovsky depicted himself a boy drawing his hometown. 1825 year.

At birth, the boy was named Ovanesk (this is the Armenian Formation of the Men's name John), and a modified surname of the future famous artist went through the father, who moved to his youth from Galicia to Moldova, and then in Feodosia, he recorded her to the Polish manner of Gaivazovsky.

The house in which the childhood of Aivazovsky was held on the outskirts of the city, on a small elevation, from where a great view of the Black Sea, the Crimean Steppes and the ancient mounds located on them were opened. From an early age, the boy was lucky to see the sea in different characters (kind and terrible), watch fishing fisheluga and large ships. The surrounding environment wake up imagination, and very soon the boy opened artistic abilities. Local architect Koh gave him the first pencils, paints, gave paper and several first lessons. This meeting became a turning point in the biography of Ivan Aivazovsky.

Beginning of the biography of Aivazovsky as a legendary artist

Since 1830, Aivazovsky is studying in Simferopol gymnasium, and at the end of August 1833 goes to St. Petersburg, where the Imperial Academy of Arts enters the prestigious at that time, and until 1839 successfully learned the direction of the landscape in the class of Maxim Sparrow.

The very first in the biography of Aivazovsky, artist, an exhibition, which brought the glory to the young at that time, took place in 1835. It featured two works, and one - "Etude air over the sea" - was marked by a silver medal.

Further, the painter is increasingly devoting himself to new works, and already in 1837 the famous Liberty "Shtil" brought a large gold medal to Aivazovsky. In the coming years, his biographies paintings are painted at the Academy of Arts.

Aivazovsky: biography in the dawn of creativity

Since 1840, the young artist will be sent to Italy, this is one of the special periods in the biography and creativity of Ayvazovsky: He is improving skill for several years, studying world art, actively exposes his work at local and European exhibitions. After receiving the gold medal from the Paris Council, the Academies return to their homeland, where, received the title "Academician" and sending several paintings to the main headquarters with a task with different Baltic species. Participation in battle operations has already helped the famous artist, write one of the most famous masterpieces - "" in 1848

Two years later, a canvas appeared "" - the brightest event that cannot be missed, even describing the brief biography of Aivazovsky.

The fifties and seventies of the 19th century became the most bright and fruitful fruitful in their career, quite extensively this period of the biography of Aivazovsky describes Wikipedia. In addition, Ivan Konstantinovich managed to hear as a patron of charity, and made a huge contribution to the development of his hometown.

At the first opportunity, he returns to Feodosia, where he built a mansion in the style of Italian Palazzo and put his web to the court.

Aivazovsky Feodosia

Ivan Konstantinovich at the dawn of his creative life neglected the possibility of being close to the King's courtyard. At the Paris world exhibition, his work was marked by a gold medal, in Holland - assigned the title of academician. It did not remain unnoticed in Russia - the twenty-year-old Aivazovsky appointed the artist of the Main Maritime Staff, and he received a government order - to write panoramas of the Baltic fortresses.

Forest order Aivazovsky performed, but after that he said goodbye to Petersburg and returned to Feodosia. All officials and the capital painters decided that he was an eccentric. But Ivan Konstantinovich was not going to change his freedom to the uniform and carousel of the St. Petersburg balls. He needs a sea, sunny beach, streets, he needed a sea air for creativity.

One of the attractions of the city is the Aivazovsky Fountain in Feodosia in the Kirov district, to which a water supply was conducted. The fountain was built on the money of the artist and on his project, and after donated to residents.

Not being able to further remain a witness to a terrible disaster, which the population of his native city is experiencing from the day from year to year, I give him an eternal property of 50,000 buckets per day of clean water from the Subash source belonging to me.

Feodosia loved artist frantically. And the townspeople responded to him with good feelings: they called Ivan Konstantinovich "Father of the city." They say the painter loved to give drawings: the pictures of Aivazovsky in Feodosia, many residents suddenly appeared in homes as precious gifts.

The water from the estate of the artist came to Feodosia, having passed a 26-kilometer path through a pipeline built by the city.

He opened the art gallery in his hometown, a library, drawing school. And also became the godfather of half of the infants of Feodosia, and everyone highlighted a particle from its solid income.

In the life of Ivan Konstantinovich, there were many contradictions that did not complicate his life, but did its original. He was a Turk in origin, Armenian on education, and became a Russian artist. He communicated with Beryllov and his brother, but he never went to their parties and did not understand the bohemian lifestyle. He loved to give her works, and in everyday life he heard a pragmatic man.

The Museum of Antiquities, built by Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky

Aivazovsky Museum in Feodosia

Aivazovsky Gallery in Feodosia is one of the oldest museums in the country. Located in the house in which the outstanding marinist lived and worked. The building was designed personally by Ivan Konstantinovich and built in 1845. Thirty-five years later, Aivazovsky created a large hall attached to him. This room is designed to show it clouel before the pictures went to exhibitions in other cities and abroad. 1880 is considered the year of the official foundation of the museum. Theodosia Gallery Aivazovsky Address: ul. Gorearean, d. 2.

The time of war building was destroyed - from the shipping projectile.

At the time of the artist, the place was famous far from the border and was a unique cultural center in the city. After the death of the painter, the gallery continued to work. By the will of the artist, she became the property of the city, but the local authorities took little about her. 1921 can be rightfully considered the second birth of the gallery.

In the 19th century, the Picture Gallery of Aivazovsky in Feodosia was distinguished among other architectural facilities of the area. The museum stands on the very seashore and reminds the Italian villa. This impression is even stronger when dark red paint becomes noticeable on the walls, the sculptures of the ancient gods in the bays, as well as pilasters of gray marble, going around the facade. Such features of the building are unusual for the Crimea.

Aivazovsky's house, who became the picture gallery after his death

When designing a house, the artist is thought out the purpose of each room. That is why the reception rooms do not adjoin the residential section of the house, while the artist's room and the studio were connected to the exhibition hall. Elevated ceilings, parquet floors on the second floor and Feodosia bay, visible from the windows, create an atmosphere of romanticism.

My sincere desire, to the building of my art gallery in the city of Feodosia, with all the pictures, statues and other works of art in this gallery, made up the full property of the city of Feodosia, and in memory of me, Iivazovsky, I'll show the gallery of the city of Feodosia, my native CITY.

The center of Feodosia in the art galleries are 49 canvases left by the painter city. In 1922, when the museum opened the doors for Soviet people, there were only these 49 canvases in the collection. In 1923, the gallery received 523 paintings from the collections of the artist's grandson. Later, the work of L. Lagorio and A. Fesser.

The legendary painter was died on April 19 (according to the old style), 1900 was buried in Feodosia, in the courtyard of the Middle Ages Armenian Church of Surb Sarkis (Saint Sarkis).

(Gaivazovsky) and was baptized under the name of Ovanen (Armenian form named "John").

Since childhood, Aivazovsky drew and played a violin. Thanks to the patronage of the senator, he was able to study the chapter province of Alexander Treaschaeva in the Tauridian gymnasium in Simferopol, and then at the Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg, where he was engaged in the class of landscape painting of Professor Maxim Vorobyov and the Batal painting of Professor Alexander Zaerweid.

During his studies at the Academy in 1835, the Silver Medal was noted by the work of the Aivazovsky "Etude of Air over the Sea", in 1837 the Golden Medal of the first degree - the picture "CHTIL".

Due to the success of Aivazovsky in 1837, the Council of the Academy accepted an unusual decision - to release it ahead of schedule (two years before the deadline) from the Academy and send to the Crimea for independent work, and then - on a business trip abroad.

Thus, in 1837-1839, Aivazovsky performed at home in Crimea, in 1840-1844, improved skill in Italy as a pensioner (received the content of the boarding school) of the Academy of Arts.

The closets "landing of the landing in the house of Subashi" and "View of Sevastopol" (1840) were bought by the emperor Nikolai I. In Rome, the artist wrote pictures "Storm" and chaos ". For the canvas" Boat Circassian Pirates "," Catch on the Mediterranean "and "Capri Island" in 1843 he was awarded a gold medal at the Paris exhibition.

Since 1844, Aivazovsky was an academician and painter of the Chief Maritime Staff of Russia, from 1847 - Professor, since 1887 - an honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts.

From 1845, Aivazovsky lived and worked in Feodosia, where he built a house on the seafront on his own project. During his life, he made a row of travel: several times visited Italy, France and other European countries, worked in the Caucasus, sailed to the shores of Malaya Asia, was in Egypt, in 1898 he traveled to America.

Fame received his canvas "Types of Black Sea" and "Monastery of St. George". The painting "Four Wealth of Russia" brought Aivazovsky in 1857 the French Order of the Honorary Legion.

At the beginning of 1873, an exhibition of paintings by Aivazovsky took place in Florence, which received many positive feedback. He became one of the most recognized representatives of the Russian school of painting worldwide. In this capacity, Aivazovsky was honored, the second after Kyrenovsky Ores, to submit a self-portrait in the Florentine gallery.

During the Russian-Turkish war of 1877, Aivazovsky wrote a series of paintings.

In 1888 there was an exhibition of his new paintings dedicated to various episodes from the life of Columbus.

Since 1846, more than 120 personal exhibitions of Aivazovsky took place. The artist was created about six thousand paintings, drawings and watercolors.

Among them are the most famous "Navarrinary Fight", "Chesmensky fight" (both - 1848), depicting sea battles, a series of paintings "Defense Sevastopol" (1859), "Ninth Val" (1850) and "Black Sea" (1881), recreable The greatness and power of the marine element. The last picture of the artist was the "blast of the ship", describing one of the episodes of the Greek-Turkish war, which remained unfinished.

He was a member of the Roman, Florentine, Stuttgart and Amsterdam Academies of Arts.

© Sotheby "s Blizzard Ivan Aivazovsky "View of Constantinople and the Bosphorus Gulf"

Ivan Aivazovsky taught in the general art school-workshop created by him in Feodosia. For citizens, Aivazovsky built a gymnasium and library in Feodosia and a library, an archaeological museum and art gallery. In his insistence, a water supply was carried out in the city. Thanks to his troubles, a trading port was built, a railway was carried out. In 1881, Aivazovsky. In 1890, a fountain-monument was established in Feodosia to commemorate the artist's merit.

Ivan Aivazovsky died on the night of May 2 (April 19, according to the old style) of 1900 in Feodosia. He was buried in the territory of the Armenian Church of St. Sergius (Surb Sarkis).

Its paintings are stored in many countries of the world, museums and private collections. The largest collection of the Feodosian art gallery named after I.K. Aivazovsky, which includes 416 works, of which 141 are painting, the rest - graphics. In 1930, in Feodosia, the artist's house was erected by a monument to him. In 2003, a monument to Aivazovsky, - on the Makarovskaya embankment of the sea fortress in the suburb of St. Petersburg Kronstadt.

The artist was married twice. His first spouse was the governess of Julia Grevs, four daughters were born in the family. The second wife of the artist was the Widow of the Feodosi merchant Anna Burnazyan (Sarkizov).

The older brother of the artist Gabriel Aivazovsky (1812-1880) was the Archbishop of the Georgian-Imerian Armenian Diocese, a member of the Echmiadzinsky Synod, orientalist (orientalist), a writer.

Material prepared on the basis of RIA news and open sources

An outstanding Russian artist Ivan (Ovanes) Konstantinovich Aivazovsky (Avazyan) was born 17 (29) in 1817 in the Crimean city of Feodosia in a poor Armenian family. He lived a long life, visited many countries, participated in various expeditions on land and at sea, but every time he invariably returned to his hometown. The painter died on April 19 (2mm) 1900 and there, in Feodosia, was buried.

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Origin

The father of the artist was a merchant Gevork (Konstantin) Ayvazyan. He came to Feodosia from Galicia, where at one time moved from Western Armenia, and wrote his last name to the Polish manner - Gaivazovsky. Here the father married the local Armenian Ripsema. The family legend says that among the Armenian ancestors of the artist on the father's line there were Turks, but there is no documentary confirmation. In addition to Ivan, the family had four more children, two daughters and two sons. Brother Ivan - Sarkis (in Monastic - Gabriel) became a famous historian and Archbishop of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

In 1812, the plague epidemic broke out in the city. Father's trading affairs stuck hardly, he broke. By the time of the birth of Ivan from the former family prosperity, little remained.

Childhood and youth

Aivazovsky's art abilities manifested already in early childhood. Fortunately, it was not left unnoticed. There were people in the city who appealing at a talented boy and who took part in his fate. Architect Ya. H. Koh, who lived in Feodosia, gave him the initial drawing lessons and recommended him to the local city holder A. I. Treaschaev, the support of which allowed the future artist to first finish the Simferopol gymnasium, and then enroll in studies for the execution account in the Imperial Academy of Arts of St. Petersburg .

August 28, 1933 Aivazovsky arrived in St. Petersburg and started classes at the Academy. His teachers were landscape officer M. Vorobyov, Maristen F. Tanner, Battalist A. Zaerwayd. Success accompanied the young artist, even despite the conflict with F. Tanner. In 1933, he was awarded a silver medal for landscapes "View of the seaside in the vicinity of St. Petersburg", as well as the "Etude of Air over the Sea". In September 1837, a new success was followed - a large gold medal for the picture "County".

In the spring of 1838. Ivan Konstantinovich was sent by the Academy to the Crimea and held two summer there. At this time, the artist not only wrote landscapes on the marine theme, but also witnessed the fighting. The painting "Detachment Detachment in the Valley Subasha" has established him as a capable Batalist artist and subsequently bought by the emperor Nikolai I. In the fall of 1839, Aivazovsky successfully completed training at the Academy of Arts and received the right to travel abroad, where he spent four years (from 1840 to 1844 years). In addition to Italy, where he began his way, the artist visited Holland, Switzerland, England, France, Spain, Portugal and all this time worked a lot.

During this time, the creativity of Aivazovsky received recognition not only in Russia. His paintings were marked by the Gold Medal of the Paris Academy of Arts. Pope Gregory XVI not only purchased his picture "Chaos", but also awarded the artist with a special award. It was a period of rapid and successful professional formation of a young painter. He learned a lot in Europe, acquired there invaluable experience, his talent and successes were adequately appreciated.

When. In 1844, at the age of 27, Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky returned to Russia, he was already a recognized master and received the title of painter of the Chief Maritime Staff of Russia. By this time, he developed his own original creative manner. Memories are preserved on how Aivazovsky wrote pictures. All my life, the artist traveled a lot, the impressions of what they saw gave birth to themes for new works. In the open air, he worked for a short time, making only the main sketches. Most of the time Ivazovsky spent in the workshop, where he finished the picture, while giving the will of improvisation.

Career painter

In 1847. Ivan Konstantinovich became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts. By this time, his creative handwriting was already determined. Of course, first of all, he was known as a marine artist, but wrote a lot to other topics. Seascape, battle scenes, landscapes of Crimean and other coastal cities, as well as portraits, although they are a bit - the creative heritage of the artist is truly multifaceted. However, it is obvious that in most of its most famous works, the maritime theme is.

After returning to Russia, Aivazovsky refuses tempting job offers in the capital and leaving to Feodosiya. He builds a house on the urban embankment. This is his house - from now on and forever. The artist is often on business in St. Petersburg, in the winter there is a job there. Traveling a lot in Europe, participates in expeditions. The most fruitful creative period begins in the life of Ivan Konstantinovich. His work is successful, paintings are well sold, the career is developing rapidly.

Aivazovsky becomes a wealthy person. In addition to the house in Feodosia, he acquires the estate in the village of Sheikh Mamai and a house in Sudak, near the cottage of the Armenian composer A. Spendia. The recent wealth made it possible to freely dispose of relatively large means, but did not change the nature of Ivan Konstantinovich and did not affect his active public position.

A family

In 1948. Ivan Konstantinovich marries Yulia Yakovlevna Grevs, the daughter of the English doctor who is in the Russian service. Four children were born from this marriage - Elena, Maria, Alexander and Zhanna. However, marriage was short. Having lived together for 12 years, the spouses broke up. Interestingly, some grandchildren of Aivazovsky also became artists.

In 1882. The artist marries secondary. His wife became Anna Nikitichna Sarkisov-Barnazyan. Anna Nikitichna by nationality was Armenian, younger husband for 40 years and a very beautiful woman. This is better than any words that have written her portraits written by Aivazovsky.

Confession

Soon comes public recognition, and then state awards and differences. He was a member of the Academies of Arts of several states, was awarded Russian and foreign orders, received the rank of a valid secret adviser, which corresponded to the Admiral rank on the fleet, and in 1964 he became an offacarious nobleman. The talent and hardworking of the artist received a worthy assessment of contemporaries.

For a long life in the biography of Aivazovsky interesting facts accumulated a lot. He was the owner of many awards and treated them with respect. However, after the mass killing of Armenians in Turkey in 1894 - 1896, demonstratively threw out all his Turkish orders to the sea. The irrepressible journey to travel led to the fact that the artist almost drowned in the Biscay bay. During the Crimean War, only a sharp order of Admiral Kornilov forced the painter to leave the precipitated Sevastopol. All these facts emphasize the whole character of Aivazovsky, who was not only a famous artist, but also had a civil position.

In total, Aivazovsky wrote for life more than 6000 works - the case is unique in the history of painting. His creative heritage is huge, all the well-known works are simply impossible. Here is just a small list of the most famous works of the artist:

There have been cases when he wrote several paintings on the same topic. This side of his work sometimes caused critics discontent. On this occasion, Ivan Konstantinovich said that in this way he corrects the observed mistakes and improves his works.

Paintings by the artist are in many museums of the worldand also belong to individuals. The largest collection is located in the Feodosi art gallery. I. K. Ayvazovsky. The largest meetings of his work are stored in other art galleries of Russia:

• in the State Russian Museum
• in the Tretyakov Gallery
• in the Central Naval Museum
• in the Museum-Reserve Peterhof

A significant collection is also located in the National Art Gallery of Armenia.

Traveling a lot in the world, often extinguished in St. Petersburg, Aivazovsky was well acquainted with many famous Russian cultural figures. K. Bryullov, M. Glinka, A. Pushkin - one of this list sufficiently characterizes the personality of the artist. With respect, such outstanding representatives of the naval elite, as the famous admirals F. Litke, V. Kornilov, M. Lazarev, were also respectful.

The biography of the artist would be incomplete without mention about his charitable activities. In ordinary life, it was a very friendly and responsive person, sincerely concerned about the prosperity of Feodosia. Ivan Konstantinovich did a lot for the city and its inhabitants. He not only invested his personal funds to various city projects, but often was their initiator. His influence on the cultural life of Feodosia was huge.

With the active participation of Aivazovsky and largely on his funds in the city there were art gallery, a concert hall, a library, an art school was opened. The artist was engaged in a lot of archaeology, led by the excavations of the Kurgans, completely for his own funds and in his project built a building in which the Feodosia Museum of Antiquities was located. Art gallery created by him in his house with all the exhibits, Ivan Konstantinovich, bequeathed by the native city.

Memory

The townspeople treated the famous countryman with respect and love. Aivazovsky was the first one who became an honorary citizen of Feodosia . In his honor there are several monuments in the city. In addition, monuments outstanding artist installed in other cities:

• in Simferopol
• in Kronstadt
• in Yerevan

Ivan Aivazovsky - genius. His paintings are genuine masterpieces. And not even from the technique of execution. The first plan here comes to surprisingly truthful mapping of the fine nature of the water element. Naturally, a desire arises to understand the nature of the genius of Aivazovsky.

Any part of the fate was the right and insensitive addition to his talent. In this article, we will try to open the doors to the amazing world of one of the most famous marinists in History - Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky.

It goes without saying that world-class painting suggests a large talent. But the mansion always stood marinist artists. Transfer the aesthetics of "big water" difficult. The complexity here is primarily in the fact that it is on the canvases depicting the sea, the falsity is most clearly felt.

Famous paintings by Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky

The most interesting thing for you!

Family and native city

Ivan's father was a human sociable, enterprising and capable. For a long time he lived in Galicia, later moved to Valachia (modern Moldova). Perhaps for some time he traveled with the Gypsy Tabor, because Konstantin spoke of Gypsy. In addition to him, by the way, this curious person owned Polish, Russian, Ukrainian, Hungarian, Turkish.

In the end, fate brought him to Feodosia, which quite recently received the status of Porto Franco. The city in which the 350 residents recently lived recently developed into a lively shopping center with a population of several thousand people.

From all south of the Russian Empire, cargoes were delivered to the Feodosiy port, and the goods from sunny Greece and Bright Italy took place. Konstantin Grigorievich, poor, but enterprising successfully engaged in trade and married Armenian named Ripsema. A year later, they were born the son of Gabriel. Konstantin and Ripsey were happy and even began to think about changing housing - a small house built on arrival in the city became cramped.

But soon the Patriotic War of 1812 began, and after her, the plague epidemic came to the city. At the same time, another son was born in the family - Gregory. Constantine's affairs went downstairs, he broke. The need was so great that almost all valuable things had to sell from the house. Father of the family engaged in heavy affairs. He was very helped by his beloved wife - repression was a skillful needlewoman and often nights stretched in order to later sell their products and support the family.

On July 17, 1817, Hovhannes appeared on the world, who became the famous world under the name Ivan Aivazovsky (he changed only in 1841, but we will call Ivan Konstantinovich so now, after all, he became famous as Aivazovsky). It is impossible to say that his childhood was like a fairy tale. The family was poor and already at 10 Yovannes went to work a coffee shop. The elder brother by that time left to study in Venice, and the average just received education in the county school.

Despite the work, the soul of the future artist is truly blooming in the beautiful southern city. Not surprising! Feodosia, despite all the efforts of fate, did not want to lose their brightness. Armenians, Greeks, Turks, Tatars, Russians, Ukrainians - Meszanin traditions, morals, languages \u200b\u200bcreated a colorful background of Feodosian life. But in the foreground was, of course, the sea. It is it that brings the very color that it will not be able to recreate artificially.

Incredible luck Vanya Aivazovsky

Ivan was a very capable child - he himself learned to play the violin and began to draw. The first easel was the wall of the father's house, instead of the canvas he was content with the plaster, and the brush replaced a piece of coal. An amazing boy noticed a couple of prominent benefactors at once. First, the Feodosian architect Yakov Christian Koh drew attention to the drawings of unusual skills.

He gave Vane's first visual art lessons. Later, having heard the game of Ayvazovsky on the violin, Him became interested in Grador Alexander Ivanovich Treaschaev. There was a funny story - when Koh decided to imagine a small artist Kaznowicheev, he was already familiar with him. Thanks to the patronage of Alexander Ivanovich, in 1830 Vanya enters Simferopol lyceum.

The next three years have become an important milestone in the life of Aivazovsky. Studying in a lyceum, he was distinguished from other completely unimaginable talent for drawing. The boy was hard - longing the longing of native and, of course, the sea. But he retained old dating and started new, no less useful. At first they were transferred to Simferopol Treaschaez, and later Ivan became in the house of Natalia Fedorovna Naryshkina. The boy was allowed to use books and engravings, he constantly worked, looking for new plots and techniques. Every day the skill of genius grew.

The notable patrons of the Talent of Aivazovsky decided to apply for his admission to the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, sent the best drawings to the capital. After reviewing them, President of the Academy Aleksey Nikolaevich Olenin wrote the Minister of the courtyard, Prince Volkonsky:

"Young Guyvazovsky, judging by his drawing, has an extraordinary location to the composition, but as he, being in the Crimea, could not be prepared there to draw and painting, so that not only to be sent to other regions and learn there without leadership, but even So, to enroll in full-time academists of the Imperial Academy of Arts, because on the basis of § 2nd adding to the establishments, it must have at least 14 years.

To draw well, at least from the original human figure, draw the order of architecture and have preliminary information in the sciences, then in order not to deprive the young man of the case and ways to develop and improve its natural abilities to the art, I believed the only one for the highest Locked on the definition of it to the Academy by a pensioner of his imperial majesty with production for its maintenance and other 600 r. From the Cabinet of His Majesty so that he was brought here on the execution account. "

The permissions that Olenin asked was received when Volkonsky showed drawings to Emperor Nicholas personally. July 22. St. Petersburg Academy of Arts took on the training of a new student. Childhood ended. But Aivazovsky rode to St. Petersburg without fear - rightly felt that there were brilliant accomplishments in artistic genius.

Big city - great opportunities

St. Petersburg period of the life of Aivazovsky is interesting at once for several reasons. Of course, an important role was played by training at the Academy. Ivan's talent was complemented by such the necessary academic lessons. But in this article, I want to tell about the circle of communication of the young artist. Truly, Aivazovsky has always been lucky on acquaintances.

Peterburg Aivazovsky arrived in August. And although he was heard about terrible St. Petersburg dampness and cold, in the summer nothing was felt. Ivan walked around the city all day. Apparently, the soul of the artist filled the longing of the usual south of the beautiful views of the city on the Neva. Especially Aivazovsky hit the Isaac Cathedral and a monument to Peter Great. The massive bronze figure of the first emperor of Russia caused the artist with genuine admiration. Still would! It was Peter who was obliged to existence this wonderful city.

Amazing talent and acquaintance with the Treaschair made ovansa favorite of the public. Moreover, this audience was very influential and helped young tissue more than once. Sparrow, the first teacher of Aivazovsky at the Academy immediately understood what talent he got. Undoubtedly, these creative people brought more music - Maxim Nikiforovich, as well as his student, also played a violin.

But over time, it became obvious that the Aivazovsky perception of Vorobyov. Then he was directed as a student to the French Marinist Philip Tanner. But with a foreigner, Ivan did not grow up with the characters and because of the disease (either fictional, or the real one) left him. Instead, he began working on a series of paintings for the exhibition. And it should be recognized, the canvas he created impressive. It was then that in 1835 he receives a silver medal for the work of the Etude of Air over the sea and "view of the seaside in the vicinity of St. Petersburg."

But alas, the capital was not only a cultural center, but also an epicenter of intrigues. Tanner complained to the authorities on the recalcitrant Aivazovsky, they say, what is his student during illness during illness? Nikolai і, a well-known adherent of discipline, personally ordered to remove the pictures of a young artist from the exhibition. It was a very painful blow.

Aivazovsky was not allowed to Handar - the entire public of Yaros was opposed to a non-profitable opal. Olenin, Zhukovsky, court artist Zaerweide petitioned Ivan's forgiveness. The wings himself personally came to console ovansa: "- What. Brother, French offends? Eh, what he is ... Well, God is with him! Do not be sad!..". In the end, justice triumphed - the emperor forgave the young artist and ordered to issue a reward.

In many ways, thanks to Cheerway, Ivan was able to pass the summer practice on the ships of the Baltic Fleet. Created only a hundred years ago, the fleet was already a formidable force of the Russian state. And, of course, for a novice marinist could not be found more necessary, useful and pleasant practitioners.

Write ships without the slightest idea of \u200b\u200btheir device - a crime! Ivan did not begged to communicate with the sailors, to carry out minor instructions of officers. And in the evenings, he played for the team on his beloved violin - in the middle of a cold baltic was heard the charming sound of the Black Sea South.

Charming artist

All this time, Aivazovsky did not stop correspondence with his old benefactor treasurers. It was thanks to him, Ivan began to enter the houses of Alexey Romanovich Tomilov and Alexander Arkadyevich Suvorov-Ramnica, the grandson of the famous commander. At the cottage, Tomilovy Ivan even spent the summer vacation. It was then that Aivazovsky got acquainted with Russian nature, unusual for Yazhnina. But the heart of the artist perceives beauty in any of her form. Every day, spent by Ayvazovsky in St. Petersburg or the surrounding area, added something new to the world weight of the future maestro of painting.

In the house of Tomilov, the color of the then intelligentsia was gathered - Mikhail Glinka, Orest Cyprosen, Nestor Dollman, Vasily Zhukovsky. Evenings in such a company were extremely interesting for the artist. The senior comrades of Aivazovsky accepted it in their circle without problems. Democratic tendencies of the intelligentsia and the extraordinary gifting of the young man allowed him to take a worthy place in the company of friends Tomilov. In the evenings, Aivazovsky often played a violin on a special, oriental manner - superposed the tool in his knee or putting it the end. Glinka even included in his opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila" a small passage, played by Aivazovsky.

It is known that Ayvazovsky was familiar with Pushkin and loved his poetry very much. The death of Alexander Sergeevich was very painfully perceived by ovhannes, later he specially came to Gurzuf, exactly where the Great Poet spent time. No less important for Ivan was a meeting with Carl Bullylov. Recently finished work on the web "Last Day Pompeii", he came to Petersburg and each of the students of the Academy would passionately wanted that Bullylov was his mentor.

Aivazovsky Pupil Bryullova was not, but often communicated with him personally, and Karl Pavlovich celebrated the talent of ovansa. Nestor Dollman dedicated to Aivazovsky's extensive article at the insistence of Bryllov. An experienced painter saw that the subsequent training at the Academy would be for Ivan Rather Regress - there were no teachers who could give something new to the young artist.

He proposed to the Council of the Academy to reduce the term of training Aivazovsky and send it abroad. Moreover, the new Marina "Shtil" won the gold medal at the exhibition. And this reward just gave the right to travel abroad.

But instead of Venice and Dresden, ovansa sent for two years to the Crimea. Hardly Aivazovsky was not happy - he will again be at home!

Relaxation…

In the spring of 1838, Aivazovsky arrives in Feodosia. Finally, he saw a family, a favorite city and, of course, the South Sea. Of course, Baltika has its charm. But for Aivazovsky, the Black Sea will always be the source of the brightest inspiration. Even after such a long separation with relatives, the artist puts jobs in the first place.

It finds time for communicating with mother, father, sisters and brother - all sincerely proud of ovanes, the most promising artist of St. Petersburg! At the same time, Aivazovsky works hard. He writes the cloth for hours, and after the tired goes to the sea. Here he may feel the mood, then the elusive excitement, which from the small years caused the Black Sea in it.

Soon, the Treaschair came to visit the Aivazovsky. On a par with his parents, Jovarem's success was happy and the first thing I asked to show his new drawings. Seeing wonderful works, he did not hide the artist with himself, on a trip to the southern coast of Crimea.

Of course, after such a long separation, it was unpleasant after such a long separation, but the desire to feel the native Crimea translated. Yalta, Gurzuf, Sevastopol - everywhere found Aivazovsky material for new canvases. Treaschairs who served in Simferopol, urged the artist to visit, but he again and again grief benefactor refusal - work above all.

... before the fight!

At this time, Aivazovsky met another wonderful person. Nikolai Nikolayevich Raevsky - a traveler, an outstanding commander, son of Nikolai Nikolaevich Raevsky, the hero of the defense of Raevsky's battery in the Borodino battle. Lieutenant-General participated in Napoleonic wars, Caucasian campaigns.

These two unlike the first glance of people near the love of Pushkin. Aivazovsky, from the small years, admired by the poetic genius of Alexander Sergeyevich, found in Rajevsky soul. Long exciting conversations about the poet ended completely unexpectedly - Nikolay Nikolayevich suggested Aivazovsky to accompany him in the sea hike to the shores of the Caucasus and look at the landing of the Russian landing. It was an invaluable opportunity to see something new, and even on such a beloved Black Sea. Ovanes immediately agreed.

Of course, this trip was important in terms of creativity. But here were invaluable meetings, they would be a crime. At the steamer "Kolkhida", Aivazovsky met with Lvir Sergeevich Pushkin, Alexander's brother. Later, when the steamer joined the main squadron, Ivan got acquainted with people who were an inexhaustible source of inspiration for the Marinistered Artist.

Going from "Colchis" to the Sistorian battleship, Aivazovsky was represented by Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev. The hero of Russia, the participant in the famous Navarrian battle and the discoverer of Antarctica, Novator and the competent commander, he was vividly interested in Aivazovsky and personally suggested that the "Silistria" to study the subtleties of the Fleet, which would undoubtedly come in handy in his work. It would seem wherever: Lion Pushkin, Nikolay Raevsky, Mikhail Lazarev - some of the whole life will not meet even one person of this scale. But Aivazovsky has completely different fate.

Later, he was introduced to Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, the captain of the "Silibor", the future commander of the Russian fleet in the Sinopsky battle and the organizer of the heroic defense of Sevastopol. In this brilliant company, the young University, the future Vice Admiral and the captain of the famous sailboat "Twelve Apostles", was completely untared. Aivazovsky worked with a completely special passion these days: the situation was unique. Warm environment, favorite Black Sea and elegant ships, which could be studied how much soul wishes.

But the time of landing came. Aivazovsky personally wanted to take part in it. At the last moment they found that the artist was completely unarmed (still!) And he was given a couple of pistols. So Ivan and descended into the landing boat - with a portfolio for papers and paints and pistols at the belt. Although his boat, among the first, moored to the shore, did not watch the Aivazovsky fight. A few minutes after the disembarkation was injured, the friend of the artist - Michman Fredericks. Without finding a doctor, Ivan himself puts the wounded help, and then he supplements on the ship on the boat. But after returning to the coast, Ayvazovsky sees that the battle almost ended. He did not make a minute for a minute. However, let us give the floor to the artist, who in the journal "Kievskaya Starina" described the landing of almost forty years later - in 1878:

"... Coast, illuminated by the setting sun, forest, distant mountains, fleet, standing on anchor, boats dancing around the sea, support a message with the shore ... Moving the forest, I went to the glade; Here is a painting of recreation after a recent combat alarm: a group of soldiers sitting on the drums officers, the corpses of those killed and who came for harvesting their Circassian sorts. Deploying the portfolio, I armed with a pencil and began to draw one group. At this time, some Circassian took the briefcase from my hands, it suffered to show my drawing to his. Did he like the mountaineers - I do not know; I only remember that Circass returned to me a drawing with poured in the blood ... This "local color" remained on it, and for a long time shore is a tangible memory of the expedition ... ".

What words! The artist saw everything - shore, the setting sun, forest, mountains and, of course, ships. A little later, he wrote one of his best works "Truck at Subasha". But this genius threatened mortal danger during landing! But fate was shouted for further accomplishments. During the holiday of Aivazovsky, there was still a journey through the Caucasus, and intense work on the transformation of etudes into real web. But he coped with honor. As always, however.

Hi, europe!

Returning to St. Petersburg, Aivazovsky received the title of artist 14 class. Education at the Academy ended, ovanen overgrown with all his teachers and was given the opportunity to travel in Europe, naturally, with state content. He lealed with a light soul: earnings allowed to help parents, and live himself quite comfortable. And although at first Aivazovsky was supposed to visit Berlin, Vienna, Trieste, Dresden - most of all he was drawn to Italy. There was such a favorite southern sea and the elusive magic of the Apennine. In July 1840, Ivan Aivazovsky with his friend and Slashnik, Vasily Sternberg went to Rome.

This trip to Italy was very useful for Aivazovsky. He received a unique opportunity to study the work of great Italian masters. For hours, he was idle by the clouel, painted them, trying to understand the secret mechanism that Rafael's creations and Botichelli masterpieces. I tried to be in many interesting places, for example, the house of Columbus in Genoa. And what kind of landscapes he found! Apennines reminded Ivan his native Crimea, but with her, another charm.

Yes, and the feelings of kinship with the ground was not. But how many opportunities for creativity! And Aivazovsky has always enjoyed the opportunities to him provided. The level of artist's skill is eloquently, a remarkable fact: the painting "chaos" wanted to buy the Pope himself. Who is who, and the pontiff is used to get only the best! A threatening artist refused to pay, just giving "Chaos" Grigory XVI. Dad did not leave him without award, handing a gold medal. But the main thing is the effect of a gift in the world of painting - the name of Aivazovsky thundered to the whole of Europe. In the first, but not the last time.

In addition to work, however, Ivan had another reason to visit Italy, more precisely, Venice. It is there on the island of St. Lazaror lived and his brother Gabriel worked. Staying in San of Archimandrite, he was engaged in research work and teaching. The meeting of the brothers was held warm, Gabriel asked a lot about Feodosia and parents. But soon they broke up. The next time they will meet in Paris in a few years. Rome Aivazovsky met Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol and Alexander Andreevich Ivanov. Even here, on someone else's land, Ivan managed to find the best representatives of the Land Russian!

In Italy, the exhibitions of Pictures of Aivazovsky took place. The public invariably came to admiration and was vividly interested in this young Russian, who managed to convey all the warmth of the south. All more often Aivazovsky began to recognize on the streets, come to him in the workshop and order work. "Neapolitan Bay", "Views of Vesuviy on the Lunar Night", "View of the Venetian Lagoon" - these masterpieces were the quintessence of the Italian spirit of the Iivazovsky's soul. In April 1842, he refers part of the paintings in Petrburg and notifies the venison about the intention to visit France and the Netherlands. Ivan no longer asks permission to travel - he has enough money, he loudly declared himself and will be welcome in any country. Requests only about one thing - that his sorry sent mothers.

Pictures of Aivazovsky were presented at the exhibition in Louvre and were so struck by the French that he was awarded the Golden Medal of the French Academy. But he did not limit himself with one France: England, Spain, Portugal, Malta - everywhere, where you could see such an expensive to the heart of the sea, the artist visited. The exhibitions enjoyed success and Aivazovsky unanimously showered critics and inexperienced visitors with compliments. There was no longer a shortage of money, but Aivazovsky lived modestly, given to work fully.

Artist of the Main Maritime Staff

Not wanting to delay your voyage, already in 1844 he returns to St. Petersburg. On July 1, he was awarded to the Order of St. Anne 3 degrees, and in September of the same year, Aivazovsky receives the title of Academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. In addition, it is ranked at the main sea office with the right wearing uniform! We know how the pita includes sailors to the honor of the uniform. And here it is worn by civilian, and also the artist!

Nevertheless, this appointment was welcomed in the headquarters, and Ivan Konstantinovich (it can already be called it - a world-famous artist, as-in no way!) Enjoy all possible privileges of this position. He demanded ships drawings, for him ship guns (so that he could consider the trajectory of the nucleus), Aivazovsky even participated in maneuvers in Finnish Bay! In short, I did not just served the number, but worked diligently and with the desire. Naturally, the canvas were also at the level. Soon the Pictures of Aivazovsky began to decorate the residence of the emperor, at home for nobility, government galleries and private collections.

The next year was very tense. In April 1845, Ivan Konstantinovich was included in the Russian delegation, which was sent to Constantinople. Having been in Turkey, Aivazovsky was fighting the beauties of Istanbul and the beautiful coast of Anatolia. After some time, he returned to Feodosia, where he bought a land plot and began to build his house-workshop, which designed personally. Many people do not understand the artist - the sovereign, a popular artist, why not live in the capital? Or abroad? Feodosia because wild wilderness! But Iivazovsky does not think so. He suits the exhibition of his paintings in a new-built house, which works in the bottom and Nostano. Many guests noted that despite the kind of household conditions, Ivan Konstantinovich was loyal and turned pale. But, in spite of everything, Aivazovsky finishes work and goes to Petersburg - he is still a serviceful person, it is impossible to treat this irresponsibly!

Love and War

In 1846, Aivazovsky arrived in the capital and stayed there for several years. The reason for this was the permanent exhibitions. With the frequency of half a year, they passed in St. Petersburg, then in Moscow in completely different places, then cash, then free. And at every exhibition was the presence of Aivazovsky. He received gratitude, visited the guest, took gifts and orders. Free time in this sustrone was rare. One of the most famous paintings was created - "Ninth Val".

But it is worth noting that Ivan traveled to Feodosia. The reason for this was archived - in 1848, Aivazovsky married. Suddenly? Until 31 years, the artist did not have a beloved - all his emotions and experiences remained on the canvases. And here such an unexpected step. However, Southern Blood is hot, and love, the thing is unpredictable. But even more surprisingly chosen by Aivazovsky - a simple maid of Julia Grace, Englishwoman, the daughter of Liebe Medica, who served the emperor Alexander.

Of course, this marriage did not pass the St. Petersburg unnoticed in the secular circles - many were surprised by the selection of the artist, many of him were frankly criticized. The charter, apparently, from close attention to his personal life, Aivazovsky with his wife and in 1852 leaves home in Crimea. An additional reason (or maybe the main one?) Was that first Daughter - Elenaalready at the age of three years, and second daughter - MariaRecently celebrated a year. In any case, Aivazovsky waited for Feodosia Feodosia.

At home, the artist is trying to organize art school, but receives a refusal of financing from the emperor. Instead, he, together with his wife, begins archaeological excavations. In 1852, the family is born third daughter - Alexander. Leaves Ivan Konstantinovich, of course, and work on the paintings. But in 1854, the landing land in the Crimea, Aivazovsky hops the family to Kharkov, and himself returns to the deposited Sevastopol to the long friend to Cornilov.

Kornilov orders the artist to leave the city, saving him from possible death. Aivazovsky obediences. Soon the war ends. For everyone, but not for Aivazovsky - he will still write brilliant paintings on the theme of the Crimean War.

Subsequent years are held in Skysotice. Aivazovsky regularly goes to the capital, engaged in the affairs of Feodosia, goes to Paris to a meeting with his brother, reveals the same school of art. In 1859 is born fourth daughter - Jeanne. But Aivazovsky is constantly busy. Despite the connectors, the creativity takes most of all. During this period, paintings are created on biblical topics, battle canvases that regularly appear at exhibitions - in Feodosia, Odessa, Taganrog, Moscow, St. Petersburg. In 1865, Aivazovsky receives the Order of St. Vladimir 3 degrees.

Admiral Aivazovsky

But Julia is dissatisfied. Why should her order? Ivan ignores her requests, she does not receive due attention and in 1866 refuses to return to Feodosia. The disintegration of the Aivazovsky family was experiencing hard, and to distract - everything goes to work. He writes paintings, traveling through the Caucasus, Armenia, pays all his free time to students of his artistic academy.

In 1869, he goes to the discovery, in the same year it arranges the next exhibition in St. Petersburg, and next one receives the title of a valid Stat adviser who corresponded to the rank of admiral. A unique case in Russian history! In 1872, he will have an exhibition in Florence to which he prepared for several years. But the effect exceeded all the expectations - he was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Fine Arts, and his self-portrait was decorated with the Gallery of Pitty Palace - Ivan Konstantinovich stood in one row with the best artists of Italy and the world.

A year later, setting the next exhibition in the capital, Aivazovsky leaves for Istanbul at the personal invitation of Sultan. This year was fruitful - 25 caved for Sultan was written! Sincerely admiring Turkish ruler, Peter Konstantinovich Ottore is the second degree. In 1875, Aivazovsky leaves Turkey and heads to St. Petersburg. But on the way, he visits Odessa - to see his wife and children. It was not necessary to wait for warmth from Julia to wait, he invites her with her daughter Jeanne next year to go to Italy. Wife accepts a proposal.

While traveling spouses attend Florence, Nice, Paris. Julia is nice to appear with her husband in secular receptions, Aivazovsky considers it secondary and devotes all his free time. Realizing that the former marital happiness is not to return, Aivazovsky asks the Church to break the marriage and in 1877 his request is satisfied.

Returning to Russia, he travels to Feodosiya along with his daughter Alexander, son-in-law Michael and the grandson of Nikolai. But Aivazovsky's children did not have to do in a new place - the next Russian-Turkish war began. Next year, the artist sends a daughter with her husband and her son to Feodosia, and himself goes abroad. For two years.

He will be in Germany and France, he will visit again, will prepare pictures for exhibitions in Paris and London. Constantly looking for promising artists from Russia, sending petitions to the Academy about their content. He painfully perceived the news of the death of Brother in 1879. In order not to Handing - the habit went to work.

Love in Feodosia and love for Feodosia

Returning to his homeland in 1880, Aivazovsky immediately rides the Feodosia and begins the construction of a special pavilion for the picture gallery. He spends a lot of time with the grandson of Misha, walking with him for a long time, gently puts an artistic taste. Every day, a few hours Aivazovsky dedicated to students of the Art Academy. It works inspired, with an extraordinary enthusiastic age. But it also requires a lot from students, strict with them and a few standing in Ivan Konstantinovich.

In 1882, an incomprehensible - 65-year-old artist married the second time! His choirs was 25-year-old Anna Nikitichna Bournazyan. Since Anna recently widowed (actually, it was at the funeral of her husband's husband, Aivazovsky drew attention to her), the artist had to wait a little before making a marriage proposal. January 30, 1882 of the Simferopol Sv. Assumption Church "Valid Stat Counselor I. K. Aivazovsky, divided by the decree of the Echmiadzin Sinoid dated May 30, 1877 N 1361 with the first wife from a legitimate marriage, he joined the right marriage with the wife of the Feodosiovsky merchant the widow of Anna MGRCHYAN Sarsisova, both Armenian-Gregorian confession. "

Soon, the spouses go to Greece, where Aivazovsky works again, including the portrait of his wife. In 1883, he constantly writes letters to the ministers, defending Feodosia and proving in every possible way that its location is best suited for the construction of the port, but a little later in the replacement of the urban priest. In 1887, the exhibition of paintings by the Russian artist takes place in Vienna, for which, right, he did not go, remaining in Feodosia. Instead, he gives all his free time with creativity, wife, disciples, builds the art gallery in Yalta. With Pompey, the 50th anniversary of Aivazovsky's artistic activity was celebrated. All the highest light of St. Petersburg came to welcome the professor of painting, which became one of the symbols of Russian art.

In 1888, Aivazovsky receives an invitation to visit Turkey, but does not go on political reasons. Nevertheless, several dozen of their paintings he sends to Istanbul, for which Sultan is in absentia by His Order of the first degree. A year later, the artist and his wife goes to a personal exhibition in Paris, where he was awarded the Order of the Foreign Legion. On the way back, the married couple still visits in so beloved Ivan Konstantinovich Istanbul.

In 1892, Aivazovsky marks 75. And he rides to America! The artist plans to refresh his impressions of the ocean, see the Niagar, visit New York, Chicago, Washington and present their paintings at the World Exhibition. And all this is the eighth ten! Well, sit yourself in the rank of Stat advisor in his native Feodosia surrounded by grandchildren and a young wife! No, Ivan Konstantinovich perfectly remembers, so that he rose so high. Diligence and fantastic dedication - without this, Aivazovsky will cease to be himself. However, he was not long in America for a long time and returned home in the same year. Returned to work. Such was Ivan Konstantinovich.