Russian merchants - some surnames. The most famous Russian merchant dynasties & nbsp Surnames of merchants
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The world of the Old Believers. History and modernity. Issue 5. Publishing house of Moscow University, 1999., pp. 341-376.
List of merchant old-believers surnames of Moscow (XIX - early XX centuries)
A.V. Stadnikov
Recently, the study of the Moscow Old Believers has noticeably intensified. This is largely due to the interest in the charity of Moscow merchants and industrialists in the late 19th - early 20th centuries. (many of whom were Old Believers), as well as with increased attention in general to the history of anniversary Moscow. However, until recently, only some Old Believer surnames (Morozovs, Guchkovs, Ryabushinsky) alternate with enviable constancy in popular publications and even in historical literature. In this regard, from our point of view, it is important to create a short reference list that will allow not only to quickly attribute a specific industrialist or merchant related to the Old Believers, but also in the shortest form will give the most systematic overview of family ties, social status, merchant and industrial capital in the Moscow Old Believer environment in the 19th - early 20th centuries. This publication can serve as the beginning of such work.
The source basis of the List is several of the most important complexes. First, these are the results of the X merchant revision of 1857, published in Materials for the history of the Moscow merchants (M., 1889. Vol. 9). They specify in detail the marital status of merchants and affiliation with guilds. To use earlier revisions, from our point of view, is inappropriate, since they did not indicate the religion of the merchants.
Another important source is the Books on the schismatics and the Books on the trading establishments of Moscow in parts of the city for the 1860-1870s. (1265th CIAM fund). These documents contain surname lists of Moscow "schismatics of the priesthood", as well as information about their economic activities. The greatest number of coincidences when comparing the respective names of Old Believers and owners of trade establishments is observed in the books of the Rogozhskaya part of Moscow. Information about the economic activities of the Old Believers can also be found from the study of DA Timiryazev "Statistical Atlas of the Main Branches of the Factory Industry of European Russia" (St. Petersburg, 1870, Issue 1). Here Old Believer surnames are maximally represented in the section of the textile industry. In the work of Timiryazev, in addition to references to the names of the owners of enterprises, the main economic indicators are also given (the number of workers, the annual turnover, etc.), which makes it possible to judge the scale of the Old Believer textile production in the middle of the 19th century. The work of DA Timiryazev was largely based on the work of St. Tarasov "Statistical Review of the Industry of the Moscow Province" (Moscow, 1856). It uses materials from the Gazette of factories and manufactories of the Moscow province in 1853, which significantly increases the value of the work of Tarasov himself. When determining the status of a merchant in a community, the documents of the Rogozhsky Almshouse Foundation (246th Fund of the RSL OR), which contain the materials of elections to the Trustees of the RBD, to the elected communities, information about membership in the School Council, etc., are extremely important.
An important aspect in the study of Old Believer families of the Rogozhskoye cemetery community is the participation of almost all merchants in charitable activities. In the List, we used data from 246 funds of the OR RSL, funds of the Central Historical Archive of Moscow: No. 179 (Moscow City Government), No. 16 (Moscow Military Governor-General), as well as published works about the largest philanthropists. In addition to the indicated sources, CIAM materials were additionally used in the List: Fund 17 (Moscow Citizen Governor), Fund 450 (Moscow branch of a state commercial bank), Fund 2 (Moscow City House), as well as the published Necropolis of the Rogozhsky Cemetery (World of Old Believers . Issue 2. M., 1995), Address-calendar of Moscow for 1873 and 1876, fragmentary data of VIII-IX merchant revisions (Materials for the history of the Moscow merchants. TT.7, 8. M., 1882).
Directory structure
All surnames are arranged in alphabetical order and with a single numbering. The following information is given under each number:
- Surname, name, patronymic, dates of life(may be inaccurate, because registers were not used).
- Information about membership in the merchant guild, the presence of the title "personal honorary citizen", "honorary citizen", "hereditary honorary citizen", "commerce advisor" or others, indicating the date of mentioning the person in this title.
- Information about the wife- 1 or 2 marriage, first name, patronymic, sometimes maiden name, dates of life, if possible - indications of kinship with other Old Believer surnames included in the List.
- Information about children or other family members- name, dates of life. In the event that the heirs further in the List are presented separately, their names are underlined and the indicator "see No." is indicated. Surname, name, patronymic of brothers, social status, dates of life.
- Information about economic activities- the name of production or trade enterprises, industry or trade, location, if possible, data on the number of workers, annual turnover, information on loans, the value of real estate, etc.
- Information about the situation in the community of the Rogozhsky cemetery- participation in the elective offices of the community, Trusteeship of the RBD (indicating the dates and the second trustee).
- Information on participation in public city elective offices- job title with dates.
- Information about charitable activities- the size and purpose of the charitable donation, date, honorary position associated with charitable activities, awards.
- additional information about persons with an identical surname, whose family ties have not been established with this person - surname, name, patronymic, information of a different nature, date.
- Sources of are given in square brackets at the end of the text. When using multiple sources, each source is placed immediately after the information that is extracted from it.
Abbreviations:
charity- charity;
br.- brothers;
brk.- marriage;
married.- in marriage;
G.- guild;
hospital.- hospital;
lips.- province;
etc.- children;
should.- position;
f.- wife;
z-d- factories;
huh- merchant's wife;
To.- merchant;
personal account group- personal honorary citizen;
mr- manufactory;
m. 1 (2.3) r.- Moscow 1st (2,3) merchant guild;
ISIC- Moscow Old Believer community of the Rogozhsky cemetery;
real estate- real estate;
total- participation in the elective offices of the community;
wholesale- wholesale;
donated.- donations;
sweat pot.- hereditary honorary citizen;
poch.gr.- honorable Sir;
R.- birth;
r.g. turnover- rubles of annual turnover;
r.seb.- rubles in silver;
slave's- workers;
RBD- Rogozhsky almshouse;
cm.- Look;
we stand.- price;
thous.- thousands;
at.- county;
mind.- died (la);
mentioned- mentioned;
lvl.- nee;
f-ka- factory;
households- economic activity;
h.- part (area of the city).
Sources of
X merchant revision // Materials for the history of the Moscow merchants. T. 9.M., 1889. S. 10;
[ZhMiT] - Journal of Manufactures and Trade; The necropolis of the Rogozhsky cemetery // World of Old Believers. Issue 2. M., 1995. S. 5;
[M.St. - 5] - Necropolis of the Rogozhsky cemetery // World of Old Believers. Issue 2. M., 1995, p. 5;
[OR 246-3-9-11] - Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library. Fund 246. Cardboard 3. Unit. xp. 9.L. 11;
[Tarasov-10] - Ta rasov S. Statistical review of the industry of the Moscow province. M., 1856.S. 10;
[Timiryazev-20] - Timiryazev D.A. Statistical Atlas of the Main Branches of the Factory Industry of European Russia. SPb., 1870. Issue. 1.S. twenty;
[TsIAM 16-110-853-3] Central Historical Archives of Moscow. Fund 16.Op. 110. Case 853.L. 3.
This List, of course, does not provide exhaustive information about all the Moscow merchant surnames that belonged to the consent of those accepting the priesthood. However, this work is, perhaps, the first attempt to systematize the scattered archival information about the merchant Old Believer families in Moscow. In the future, it is planned to supplement this List with new data, as well as to include in it the information published and therefore available, taken into account in the merchant certificates.
1. Agafonov Ivan Semyonovich(? - after 1910)
personal och. gr.
v. Vasily (see, No. 2)
total elected ISEDC since 1896 [OR 246-9-1-28v.]
2. Agafonov Vasily Ivanovich (?)
m. 2 y.c. (1905)
f. Lydia Karpovna (nee Rakhmanova) [TsIAM 179-57-1016-114] total. Founding Member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-95-2-4]
3. Alekseev Semyon Mikhailovich (?)
charity 150 p. ser. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-20ob.]
4. Ananiev Ivan (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1864)
f. Natalia Ivanovna (b. 1840) [TsIAM 1265-1-89-7v.] Mentioned. Ananievs Gerasim Ivanovich and Nikifor Ivanovich (1862)
(in a petition addressed to the Moscow military governor-general of the Old Believers of the Bogorodsky district for permission to freely gather for prayer) [TsIAM 16-110-1389-3ob.]
5. Andreev Ivan Ivanovich (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
charity 1854 donated. 15 p. ser. on the wounded in the Crimean War
[TsIAM 16-110-853-3ob.]
6. Apetov Mikhail Mikhailovich (1836 -?)
m. 2 g. to. (1875)
f. Natalia Ivanovna (1836-?) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-354-7]
7. Apetov Fedor Mikhailovich (1823-?)
m. 3 g., since 1858 - in the bourgeoisie [X rev. - S. 145]
8. Arzhenikov Ivan Ivanovich (1812-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. Pelageya Antonovna (1816-?)
D. Nikolai Ivanovich (1843-?), Agnia Ivanovna (1845-?) [X rev. - P. 46]
9. Arzhenikov Petr Ivanovich (1815 - ?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. (1 brk.) No information
f. (2 brk.) Ekaterina Ivanovna (1832-?)
(1 brk.) Zinaida Petrovna (1840-?), Vladimir Petrovich (1844-?), Anna
Petrovna (1847-?), Julia Petrovna (1848-?)
d. (2 brk.) Augusta Petrovna (1852-?), Konstantin Petrovich (1853-?) [X rev. - S. 45]
beneficial. 1854 donated. 100 p. ser. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
mentioned One of the largest prayer houses in Moscow was located in his house (Lefortovskaya ch., Block 5) [TsIAM 17-13-581-64]
1.0. Afanasyeva Matryona (1804-?)
m. 3 k-ha (1864), the widow of Afanasyev Akim (d. before 1864)
D. Maxim Akimovich (1830-?) [f. - Elena Maxim. (1831-?) D. Tatyana Maksimovna (1853-?), Sergei Maksimovich (1854-?): Agrafena Maksimovna (1859-?)] [ЦИАМ 1265-1-89-6ob.]
11. Babkin Mikhail Samoilovich (?)
m.? G.K. (1854)
charity 1854 donated. 3000 RUB ser. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-1]
households paper-weaving factory in Moscow (Lefortovo part 180 slaves, 99 382 rubles turnover) [Tarasov-32]
12. Balabanov Ivan Evdokimovich (?)
13. Balashov Sergey Vasilievich (1835-1889)
f. Pelageya Sidorovna (ur.Kuznetsov) (1840-1898)
village Alexander (?) pot.p. group, Sergei (1856-1900), Vasily (1862-
1891.) (See No. 14) M aksim - Founding member of ISEDC (1913) [OR
246.-95-2- 9, M.St. - S. 134-135]
14. Balashov Vasily Sergeevich (1862-1891)
households Partnership "Vas. Balashov and Sons" textile production [OR 246-61-3-3]
15. Banquetov Grigory Grigorievich (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
f. Maria Onisimovna (?)
charity 1854 donated. 150 p. ser. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-3]
mentioned in 1861 he bought a house with a priest's prayer house from a petty bourgeois woman P.A. Pavlova [TsIAM 16-110-1369-1]
mentioned Banquetovs Vladimir Dmitrievich and Nikolai Dmitrievich (1913) - founding members of ISORK [OR 246-95-2-47], also. mentioned Banquetov Alexey Vasilievich - director of the Association "S.M. Shibayev's sons" (1909-1915) (see Shibaev S.M.) [ЦИАМ 450-8-544-28]
16. Baulin Ivan Fedorovich (1821-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1856)
f. Olga Ivanovna (?)
D. Ivan Ivanovich (1845-?) (see No. 17). Dmitry Ivanovich (1848-?) (See No.
eighteen.) . Natalya Ivanovna (1843-?) [TsIAM 2-3-1216-2]
households six grocery stores in Rogozhskaya h., two houses in Rogozhskaya h., a house in Lefortovskaya h.
should. ratman of the Moscow City Orphan Court (1852-1855)
charity donated. "for the state militia and other military needs" - 1800 rubles. ser. (1853,1855) [ЦИАМ 2-3-1216-2], donated. 500 p. ser. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
17. Baulin Ivan Ivanovich (1846-1888)
m. 2 g. to. (1877)
f. Vera Prokofievna (1849-?)
D. Maria Ivanovna (1861-1880, married. Alyabyeva), Olga Ivanovna (1873-?), Anna Ivanovna (1875-?) [TsIAM 1265-1-354-2ob.]
18. Baulin Dmitry Ivanovich (1848-1909)
m. 2 gk, sweat. och. gr. (1909)
total 1897-1900 - Elected ISEDC
households "Trade in sheet, high-quality and other iron D. Baulina, Moscow" (1908) [ЦИАМ 179-57-1016-147]
19. Baulin Pavel Afanasevich (1798-1851)
m. 3 g. (1851)
f. (2 brk.) Avdotya Afinogenovna, m. 2, k-ha
d. (2 brk.) Elizaveta Pavlovna (b. 1839), Nikolai Pavlovich (b. 1840)
[d. Alexey Nikolaevich - candidate for the elected ISORC (1897-1900) OR 2 246-9-1-28] [X rev. - S. 18]
households Baulina A.A. - brocade shops in the City part of Moscow, 1860 [TsIAM 14-4-375-240]
20. Belov Ivan Khrisanfovich (1793-1853)
f. Anfimya Terentyevna (1797 - d. After 1870), m. 3, Ph.
D. Yakov (b. 1824) + f. Olga Egorovna (b. 1832); Vasily (b. 1825) [X rev. - S. 73]
households wool and paper spinning mill (80 workers, 67,430 rubles turnover) [Tarasov-12]
21. Bogomazov Ivan Grigorievich(b. 1831-?)
m. 2 g. (1875)
f. Alexandra Alexandrovna (b. 1841)
D. Mikhail Ivanovich (?) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-354-2]
22. Bogomazov Andrey Osipovich (?)
households weaving paper-woolen factory in Moscow (1854) [TsIAM 14-4-829-6v.]
2.3. Borisov Nikolay ? (1803-?)
m. 3 g. (1857)
f. Matrena Ippolitovna (b. 1804)
D. Ivan Nikolaevich (b. 1827) + f. Avdotya Kirillovna (b. 1830) [Nikolai Ivanovich (b. 1850), Alexey Ivanovich (b. 1855), Boris Ivanovich (b. 1856)]
Fedor Nikolaevich (b. 1826) + f. Alexandra Vasilievna (b. 1826) [d. Lyubov Fedorovna (b. 1849), Maria Fedorovna (1854), Ivan Fedorovich (1856)], Alexei Nikolaevich (b. 1832), Egor Nikolaevich (b. 1839), Mikhail Nikolaevich (b. 1840) [X rev. - P. 36]
households 11 seed, mosquito shops (City part), vinegar cellars, storerooms (Pyatnitskaya part) [ЦИАМ 14-4-375-320]
24. Borisov Prokhor Ivanovich (?)
m. 2 g. to. (1854)
households seed, mosquito shop, vinegar cellar (City part) [ЦИАМ 14-4-375-340]
charity 1854 donated. 25 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
25. Borodin Mikhail Vasilievich (1833-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1853) from the Buguruslan bourgeoisie, Samara province) [X rev. - S. 125]
26. Alexander Botnev (1846 - ?)
m. 3 g. to. (1875)
f. Olga Anfimovna (b. 1841) [TsIAM 1265-1-354-6]
mentioned Botnev A.M. - paper spinning factory (Bogorodsky near Moscow province) [ЦИАМ 810-1-75-11 Goiter.]
27. Brusnikin Sofron Timofeevich (1774-1851)
village Peter (b. 1811), m. 3 g.c., from 1858 - tradesman
Anisim (1817-1857), m. 3 year to. + Agrafena Sergeevna (b. 1819) m. 3, k-ha.
[d. Nikolai Anisimovich (b. 1842), Vasily Anisimovich (b. 1844),
Alexander Anisimovich (b. 1851), Ivan Anisimovich (b. 1853),
Olga Anisimovna (b. 1840)] [X rev. - S. 84]
28. Brusnikin Alexander Timofeevich (1786-1853)
v. Prokofiy Aleksandrovich (b. 1810), m. 3 g. + f. Maria Yakovlevna
[d. Mikhail Prokofievich (b. 1844), Anna (b. 1842), Maria (b. 1846), Nastasya (b. 1848), Fedosya (b. 1852), Ivan (b. 1851), Alexey (b. 1857)]
Fyodor Alexandrovich (b. 1822), from 1855 - in the middle class, Vasily Alexandrovich (b. 1837), from 1855 - in the middle class [X rev. - S. 110]
29. Butikov Petr Ivanovich (1770-1846)
buried at the Rogozhskoye cemetery [M. Art. P. 135] D. Butikov Ivan Petrovich (see No. 30)
30. Ivan Petrovich Butikov(?), at night. Ilarius
f. Ekaterina Afinogenovna (1814-1876), in mon. Eulampia
D. Ivan Ivanovich (1830-1885) (see No. 31)
households two paper-spinning factories in Moscow (City part) [TsIAM 14-4- 375-345]; wool weaving factory (Moscow) - 653 workers per year. turnover - 825,000 rubles [Timiryazev - p. 20]
Blessed. 300 p. donation for the wounded in the Crimean War (1854)
[TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
Awarded a medal for donation 7000 rub. "in favor of the poor residents of Moscow" (1851) [ЦИАМ 16-110-706-1]
31. Ivan Ivanovich Butikov (1830-1885)
households "Partnership of M. and I. Butikov" (wool weaving factory)
total Trustee of the RBD (1876-1879), together with P.E. Kulakov [OR 246-3-2-11]
32. Butin Timofey Fedorovich (1805-?)
f. Matryona Kuzminichna (b. 1809)
D. Ivan Timofeevich (b. 1840) (see No. 33) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-89-2]
33. Butin Ivan Timofeevich(b. 1840-?)
f. Maria Egorovna (b. 1840)
D. Fedor Ivanovich (b. 1860), Ivan Ivanovich (b. 1862) [TsIAM 1265-1-89-2]
households I. Butin fur store, Ilyinka [ЦИАМ 450-8-366-5ob.]
34. Bykov Ivan Ivanovich (?)
poch.gr. (1854)
br. Bykov Mikhail Ivanovich (1812-1844), m. 1, bldg. och. gr., buried at the Rogozhskoye cemetery [M.St. - S. 135]
charity 200 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
35. Bykov Nikolay Vasilievich (1808-?)
m. 3 to (1857)
d. Alexander Nikolaevich (b. 1826), Dmitry Nikolaevich (b. 1829) + f. Anna Ivanovna (b. 1837), d. Pavel Dm. (p. 1855) [X rev. - S. 79]
3.6. Varykhanov Terenty Ivanovich
m. 1 city building, poch. gr.
D. Fedor (b. 1867) + f. Maria Vasilievna (b. 1851)
Alexey (b. 1846) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-102-5]
households a glue factory in Moscow (Serpukhovskaya ch., 10 slaves, 9625 rubles turnover. (1853) [Tarasov-92.89], a tannery (Moscow, Serpukhovskaya ch., 31 slaves, 16,844 rubles. year turnover (1853)
3.7. Varykhanov Nikolay Petrovich(?)
sweat. och. gr.
br. Dmitry Petrovich, sweat. och. gr.
total founding member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-9-1-2]
3.8. Vasiliev Yakov (?)
1850.-e - prayer room in the house (Rogozhskaya h., Quarter 3) [TsIAM 17-13-581- 64ob]
3.9. Vinogradov Savel Denisovich, workshop (d. after 1853)
households iron foundry in Moscow (Rogozhskaya ch., 16 workers, 6000 rubles turnover) (1853) [Tarasov-66]
D. Vinogradov Yakov Savelievich (1831-?)
m. 2g.k. (1867) [CIAM 1265-1-102-4]
households iron foundry mechanical institution, in his own house since 1863 [ЦИАМ 1265-1-95-13]
40. Vinokurov Fedot Gerasimovich (?)
m. 2 g. (1877)
f. Varvara Alexandrovna (?) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-450-7]
41. Vinokurov Fyodor Vasilievich (?)
charity 110 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-1]
42. Vinokurov Fedor Ivanovich (1797-1867)
f. Ksenia Fedorovna, buried at the Rogozhskoye cemetery [M. St.-S. 136]
43. Vorobiev Egor Fedorovich (1793-?)
m. 1 year building (1854)
f. Irina Klimentievna (b. 1799) [X rev. - S. 83]
good. 1200 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-1]
44. Glazov Moisey Vikulovich (1792-1850)
m. 3 g. (1850)
d. (3 brk.) Anna (b. 1842), Olympias (b. 1845), Maria (b. 1849) [X
br. Glazov Yakov Vikulovich (1854 - 25 rubles for the wounded in the Crimean
war [TsIAM 16-110-853-2])
45. Gornostaev Fedor Andreevich (?)
m. 2, building (1875) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-354-6]
households wood warehouses (Rogozhskaya part) (1866) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-98-51]
46. Gudkov Timofey Ivanovich (1831 - ?)
m. 3 g. (1854)
f. Ekaterina Korneevna (b. 1837) [X rev. - S. 141]
charity donation for the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110- 853-2]
4.7. Danilov Peter ? (1808-?)
m. 3 g. (1857)
since 1858 from the freed peasants of Count Dmitriev-Mamonov,
f. Praskovya Artamonovna (b. 1804) [X rev. P. 74]
4.8. Dmitriev Vasily ? (1804-?)
f. (3 brk.) Natalya Petrovna (b. 1826)
village Nikolay (b. 1833), Felitsata (b. 1845) [X rev. P. 13]
mentioned Dmitriev M.
households paper-making factory, Moscow - 130 workers 85.5 thousand rubles. income [Timiryazev - P.4]
49. Dosuzhev Andrey Alexandrovich (1803-1876)
f. Anna Vasilievna (1807-1844)
D. Alexei (b. 1835), Alexandra (1828-1854) (see No. 50)
households cloth factory (Pyatnitskaya h., 3rd quarter) 1860s [TsIAM 14-4-375-345ob.]
should. ratman of the Moscow Administration of the Deanery (1843-1846) deputy in the Committee for supervision of factories and plants in Moscow (1850)
charity 2000 p. on the state militia (1853 and 1855)
awards: gold medal on the Vladimirovskaya ribbon (1850) gold medal on the Annenskaya ribbon (for donations in 1851) [ЦИАМ 2-3-1228]
50. Dosuzhev Alexander Andreevich (1828-1854)
f. Elizaveta Gerasimovna (1828-1882), buried at Rogozhsky
cemetery [M.St.- P. 136]
d. Anna (b. 1850), Alexey (b. 1853) [X rev. - S. 138]
households Trading House "AA Dosuzhev Sons" cloth and wool weaving factories in Moscow - the cost of 128,000 rubles (1906); Ustinskaya - 117 910 rub. (1906); Troitskaya - 22,000 rubles (sold in 1907); the annual turnover of "A.A. Dosuzhev and Sons" - 2,212,823 rubles. (1906) [ЦИАМ 920-1-1-1а]
51. Dubrovin Pavel Fedorovich (1800- ?)
f. Praskovya Ermilovna (b. 1817) [X rev. - P.7]
households fringe and hardware stores (Pyatnitskaya h.) [ЦИАМ 14-4-390-284]
52. Dubrovin Fedor Grigorievich (1829-?)
f. Anna Alekseevna (b. 1832) [X rev. - S. 12]
households ten vegetable and grocery stores (City and Suschevskaya parts) [TsIAM 14-4-375-355ob.], tavern, tavern, restaurant (City, Suschevskaya parts) [TsIAM 14-4-390-275]
53. Vasily Dubrovin(b. 1783-?)
from the bourgeoisie in - m. 3 gk. in 1852
D. Gavrila Vasilievich (b. 1809) (see No. 54) [X rev. - S. 12]
households 1 vegetable, 1 grocery store in the City h. [TsIAM 14-4-390-274]
54. Dubrovin Gavrila Vasilievich(1809 - before 1875)
f. Anna Nikolaevna (?) Voskresenskaya 2 year k-ha (1875).
d. Julia (b. 1847), Vladimir (b. 1849), Zinaida (b. 1855) [X rev. - S. 12]
households six grocery and vegetable stores (City part) [TsIAM 14-4-375- 355ob.]
55. Egorov Yakov Vasilievich(b. 1812-?)
f. Ekaterina Grigorievna (b. 1822)
v. Vasily (b. 1840) [X rev. P. 97]
56. Efimov Alexey Petrovich (?)
br. Efimov Petr Petrovich, m. 3, bldg. (1854)
households silk weaving factory in Moscow (Rogozhskaya ch., 50 workers, 80,000 rubles turnover) (1853) [Tarasov-19]
charity 100 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
57. Zelenov Zakhar Arsenievich (?)
Trustee of the RBD (1876-1879)
mentioned Zelenov Panfil Petrovich, m. 3, bldg. - 100 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
5.8. Ivanov Xenophon ? (1809-?)
m. 3 g. (1864)
f. Aksinya Afanasyevna (b. 1814) m.k-ha 3 y.
d. Mikhail (b. 1836), Gerasim (b. 1839), Peter (b. 1843), Fedor (b. 1846), Ivan (b. 1848), Anna (b. 1843) [TsIAM 1265-1-89 -1]
households tavern (Rogozhskaya part, 3rd quarter) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-95-10]
59. Kabanov Makar Nikolaevich (?)
m. 2 g. (1854)
charity 500 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853- 3ob]
60. Kartilov Mikhail Leontievich (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
61. Katsepov Nikita Timofeevich(d. 1913)
Kolomensky 1 g. to.
households partnership "Timofey Katsepov sons" (Baranovskaya textile factory, Moscow province)
total Founding Member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-95-2-10]
charity 100 p. and 300 yards of canvas in RBD (1905) [OR 246-61-3-4]
62. Kleymenov Grigory Ilyich (1820-1895)
m. 3 g. to. (1857), from 1851 - from the bourgeoisie.
f. Elena Alekseevna (b. 1814) [X rev. P. 84]
total Trustee of the RBD (1894-1895) [OR 246-9-1-36]
63. Kokushkin Petr Prokhorovich (1793-?)
m. 3 g. to. [X rev. - P. 41]
households a paper spinning mill in Shuya (756 workers, 150,000 rubles turnover) [Timiryazev - p. 1]
mention A. V. Kokushkin and K.V. och. gr. - paper-making factories with. Lezhnevo Kovrovsky u. Vladimirskaya lips. (935 workers, 100,000 rubles turnover.)
Kokushkin F.M. och. gr. - paper-making factory in Shuisky u. (115 workers, 141,000 rubles turnover.) Kokushkin D.P. - a print factory in Shuisky u. (item Voznesensky) - (12 slaves, 43,250 rubles turnover.) [Timiryazev - С.2, 3, 8]
64. Kuznetsov Ivan Fedorovich (?)
m. 1 year building (1851)
charity 3000 RUB co-religionists + 1000 r. (since 1851) annually to Moscow orphanages [TsIAM 16-110-626-1]
1000. p. For the wounded in the Crimean War (1856) [TsIAM 16-110-853-1ob.]
65. Vasily Kuznetsov (1803-?)
n. poch. gr., m. 3 y.c. (1875)
f. Anna Antonovna (b. 1823)
D. Constantine (b. 1857), Fedor (b. 1832), Julia (b. 1844), Antonina (b. 1852) [TsIAM 1265-10354-5]
charity 500 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-1 rev.]
66. Kuznetsov Matvey Sidorovich (1846-1911)
m. 1 because, sweat. och. gr., commerce advisor
f. Nadezhda Vukolovna (nee Mityushina, sister of E.V. Shibaeva) (1846-1903)
D. Nikolay (b. 1868), sweat. och. gr., Chairman of the Council of ISEDC (1918)
Sergei (b. 1869) sweat. och. gr., Alexander (b. 1870), sweat. och. gr., Georgy (b. 1875), pot.p. gr., Pavel (1877-1902), Ivan (1880-1898), Mikhail (b. 1880-?), pot. och. gr., Claudia (b. 1887-?)
households "Partnership for the production of porcelain and earthenware products of MS Kuznetsov" (1887). Z-d: Dulevsky (1,500 workers, 500,000 rubles. Turnover.); Riga (1200 workers, 700,000 rubles turnover); Tverskoy (900 workers, 450,000 rubles turnover); shops in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Riga, Kharkov, Kiev, Rostov; by 1903 - 8 plants (total turnover - 7,249,000 rubles); from 1903 - "Supplier to the Court of His Imperial Majesty" [Pavlenko V. MS Kuznetsov // Thesis of the Russian State University for the Humanities, 1996]; co-founder of the partnership "Istomkinsky manufactories of S. M. Shibaeva" [ЦИАМ 450-8-544-1]
D. Nikolay, Alexander - Founding Members of ISORC (1913)
charity member of the Society for the Care of the Wounded and Sick [OR 246-95-2-4]
67. Kulakov Egor Stepanovich (?)
och. gr. (1854)
D. Peter Egorovich (?)
total Trustee of the RBD (1876-1879), together with I.I.Butikov [OR 246-3-2-11]
charity 300 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110- 853-1 rev.]
6.8. Latrygin Efim (?)
mentioned in the 1860s. prayer room in the house (Rogozhskaya part, 3rd quarter) [TsIAM 17-13-581-64ob.]
6.9. A. I. Lubkova (?)
m. 3 g. k-ha
Popovskaya prayer house in the house (Pyatnitskaya ch., 3rd quarter) - 1860s [TsIAM 17-13-581-64], closed in 1930
70. Makarov Grigory Afanasevich (1794-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857), from 1854 - from the bourgeoisie.
f. Avdotya Ivanovna (b. 1795)
d. Ivan (b. 1830) + f. Maria Fedorovna (b. 1831)
[d. Pelageya (b. 1852), Praskovya (b. 1855)] [X rev. - S. 113]
charity 100 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-3]
71. Egor Malyzhev(d. after 1913)
total Trustee of the RBD (1894-1897, together with G.I. Kleimenov and F.M. Musorin), since 1897 - elected ISORK. [RR 246-9-1-36]
72. Manuilov Petr Andreevich (?)
village Nikolay (1830-1882)
charity 200 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (Khamovnicheskaya ch., 140 workers, 57953 r.y. turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 20]
total Trustee of the RBD (1870-1873, together with T.I. Nazarov) [OR 246-2-7-1]
74. Medvedev Fedot Eremeevich (1827-1891)
f. Stepanida Ignatievna (b. 1827-1892)
D. Mikhail Fedotovich (1854 - after 1913) + f. Anastasia Efimovna (b. 1857) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-354-2]
Andrey Fedotovich (b. 1851) + f. Tatyana Mikhailovna (1850-1877), Nikolay d. (B. 1875) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-354-2]
D. Olympiada Fedotovna (b. 1862), Anfisa Fedotovna (1863-1877), Alexandra Fedotovna (b. 1867) [1265-1-450-14]
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (63 workers, 48 250 rubles turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 21]
total Elected ISEDC since 1879 [OR 246-3-6-24rev.]
75. Medvedev Mikhail Kuzmich (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
f. Feodosia Ivanovna (1801-1834).
households paper mill in Moscow (Rogozhskaya part 65 slaves, 20811 rubles turnover) [Tarasov-34]
charity 200 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
76. Medvedev Fedot Kuzmich (?)
77. Melnikov Petr Kirillovich (1826-1890)
br. Pavel Kirillovich (1818-1890), Stepan Kirillovich (1812-1870), Fedor Kirillovich (1831-1888)
households candle plant [OR 246-92-19]
78. Dmitry Milovanov (1817-1890)
m. 1 year building (1854)
f. Ekaterina Alexandrovna (1819-1868)
f. (2 brk.) Pelageya Ivanovna (?)
d. Ivan (b. 1844), Gregory (b. 1846), Maria (b. 1843), Alexander (1848-1866) [X rev. - S. 24]
households brick plant (Moscow, Lefortovskaya ch., 150 workers, 37,800 rubles turnover. (1853) [Tarasov-120]
total Trustee of the RBD (1882-1885) [OR 246-6-4-1]
charity 400 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
7.9. Mikhailov Antip ( 1819-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857), from 1854 from the bourgeoisie.
f. Nastasya Fedorovna (b. 1828) [X rev. - P. 37]
80. Mikhailov Vasily Mikhailovich(b. 1837-?)
m. 1 g. to. (1885)
f. Felitsata Karpovna (b. 1841)
v. Valentin (b. 1869), Mikhail (?) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-354-2]
total Since 1879 - elected ISORK, trustee of the RBD (1885-1888, together with F.M. Musorin) [OR 246-6-4-1]
81. Mikhailov Fyodor Semyonovich(b. 1843)
m. 2 g. to. (1875)
f. Ekaterina Gavrilovna (b. 1851)
D. Sergei (b. 1870), Peter (b. 1870) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-354-5]
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (236 workers, 123 600 rubles turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 20]; silk weaving factory in Moscow (Rogozhskaya ch.,
88. slave, 34 271 rub. turnover.) [Tarasov - 20]
charity full member of the Society of Amateurs of Commercial Knowledge (at the Academy of Commercial Sciences) [Address-calendar of Moscow, 1873, p. 123]
82.-83. Morozov- Founding Members of ISEDC
elected, members of the ISEDC Academic Council,
honorary trustees of the RBD.
households branch of Abram Savvich - the partnership of the Tver paper m-ry;
branch of Timofey Savvich - partnership "Nikolskaya m-ry"
a branch of Zakhar Savvich - the company of the Bogorodsko-Glukhovskoy m-ry;
the family of Elisey Savvich belonged to the Beglopop branch of the Old Believers (partnership of Mr. "Vikula Morozov and Sons", "Partnership of Savvinskaya District")
See, for example, on the economic activity "Information about industrial institutions" of the Nikolskaya M-ry Partnership "Savva Morozov and Sons" M., 1882.
about charitable activities: Dumova N. Friends of the Art Theater: Savva // Banner. 1990. No. 8. S. 199-212; Buryshkin P. Those same Morozov // Fatherland. 1991, No. 2. P.37-43; Semenova N. Morozov // Ogonek. 1992. No. 7 and others.
84. Muravyov Mitrofan Artamonovich (1804-?)
m. 1 year building (1854)
f. Matrena Timofeevna (b. 1806)
D. Stepan (b. 1824) + f. Maria Ivanovna (b. 1826)
[d. Anna (1852)]
Peter (b. 1838), Afinogen (b. 1843), Tatiana (b. 1841),
Dmitry Mitrofanovich (1835-?) + F. Olympiada Abramovna (ur. Morozov) (1836-1870)
[d. Zinaida (b. 1854), Ekaterina (b. 1856), Kapitolina (b. 1857)]
Alexey (b. 1847) [X rev. - S. 28]
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (252 workers, 236,721 rubles turnover); wool weaving factory in Moscow (270 workers, 290,000 rubles turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 20]
should. 1843-1849, 1855-1858 - Trustee of the Moscow Commercial Court; since 1858 - sworn competitor of the Moscow Art Society [CIAM 2-3-1259]
charity 1000 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-1ob.]
85. Muravyov Alexey Mitrofanovich(b. 1847)
households In 1884 - one of the founders of the partnership "S. M. Shibaev and K 0" - chemical plants in Baku, the founding capital - 6.5 million rubles.] [ЦИАМ 450-8-544-2]
86. Musorin Timofey Mikhailovich (?)
f. Tatyana Vasilievna (1816-1883)
D. Peter (?) [M. St-141]
br. Fedor Mikhailovich (see No. 87), Sergey Mikhailovich (see No. 88)
households trading house "Timofey Musorin and Sons" - textile m-ry, 1885 - balance - 425,000 rubles, deficit - 42,168 rubles); in 1885-1894 - administrative department of the trading house
real estate: two stone houses in Moscow, two wholesale shops [ЦИАМ 450-8-117-5]
87. Musorin Fyodor Mikhailovich (?)
f. Maria Sergeevna (1832-1894)
total Trustee of the RBD (1885-1888, 1895-1897) [OR 246-6-4-1]
88. Musorin Sergey Mikhailovich (?)
D. Nikolay, Mikhail, Ivan.
total trustee of the RBD (1888-1891, together with V.A.Shibaev), elective community since 1896 [OR 246-9-1-2ob.]
89. Nazarov Ivan Nazarovich (1799-1869)
m. 1 g. to. (1854)
D. Fedor Ivanovich (1823-1853), M. 2, Ph.
Timofey Ivanovich (1824-1902). (see No. 90).
households paper mill in Moscow (1853) (Lefortovo part 85 slaves, 38,375 rubles turnover) [Tarasov-39]
charity 300 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-1 rev.]
mentioned R.E. Nazarovs and S.S - paper-making factories in Suzdal (27,000 and 23,000 rubles turnover, respectively), Nazarov A.S. - linen factory in Suzdal (10,000 rubles turnover), Nazarov I. F. linen factory in Zhirokhovo village, Vladimir province. (11 000 rub. Turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 3, 12]
90. Nazarov Timofey Ivanovich (1824-1902)
m. 1 gk, sweat. och. gr.
f. Alexandra Ivanovna (died before 1903), aunt of A.G. Tsarskoy
D. Pavel. (1848-1871), Simeon (1856-1886).
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (200 workers, 154,000 rubles turnover) [Timiryazev - p. 20]; barns and wholesale shops in Moscow (Ilyinskaya line), Nizhny Novgorod, in all Ukrainian fairs [OR 246-9-1-4ob.]
total trustee of the RBD (1870-1873, together with R.D. Martynov); elective ISEDC since 1896 [OR 246-9-1-2ob.]
91. Boris Neokladnov (1788-?)
m. 1 g.c., pot.poch.gr. (1857)
f. Martha Grigorievna (?)
D. Alexander (b. 1833)
due honorary member of the Council of the Moscow Commercial School, since 1826 - comrade of the city headman, 1831-1834 - deputy of car wash, trade delegation, 1843-1846 - assessor from the merchants in the 1st department of the Moscow Chamber of Civil Court, 1852-1855 member of the Moscow Exchange.
charity 1000 p. to the hospital; things (1853), 4100 p. to the Hospital of the Militia (1855) [TsIAM 2-3-1261-2]
since 1854 - co-religionist
92. Nyrkov Fedor Fedorovich (1835-1891)
m. 1 g. to. (1875)
f. Avdotya Abramovna (b. 1850)
v. Nadezhda (b. 1871), Margarita (b. 1872), Lyubov (b. 1873), Sergei (b. 1874), Alexander (b. 1868) (see No. 93) [TsIAM 1265-1-354- 6]
93. Nyrkov Alexander Fedorovich (1868-?)
m. 3 g., sweat. och. gr.
total Member of the ISORC Construction Commission (1913); founding member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-18-8-26ob.]
94. Ovsyannikov Stepan Tarasovich (1805 - ?)
St. Petersburg 1 g. to. (1875)
f. Elizabeth (?), Beggar pop.
D. Gleb Stepanovich (1829-1902) (see No. 95). Vasily Stepanovich (d. 1908) (see No. 96), Fyodor Stepanovich (St. Petersburg 1 year old?), Lyubov Stepanovna (married to A. I. Morozov), Alexandra Stepanovna (d. 1901) (married to P.M. Ryabushinsky)
households wholesale trade in bread.
real estate estates: 1) Voronezh province. (29 611 dessiatines - worth 1,480,600 rubles), 2) Tambov province (5834 dessiatines - worth 641,740 rubles), 3) Oryol province. (11 862 dessiatines - worth 177 945 rubles) [ЦИАМ 450-8-138-66]
in 1875 he was convicted of organizing the arson of a competitor's steam mill, deprived of all rights of state and exiled to Siberia [Spasovich Sobr. Op. T. 6. S. 40-48]
95. Ovsyannikov Gleb Stepanovich (1829-1902)
Eisky 1 year to (1864)
f. Olga Alekseevna (ur. Rakhmanov) (died 1901) (see No. 111).
households The value of the property under the will - 1,040,000 rubles. (1902) [ЦИАМ 450-8-138-72]
96. Ovsyannikov Vasily Stepanovich (?-1908)
D. Leonid, Sergei (?), Alexandra (married. Gubonin), Elizabeth, Julia (married. Petrov)
households trading house "Brothers Ovsyannikovs and Ganshin", since 1887 - partnership "Brothers Ovsyannikovs and A. Ganshin with sons" (weaving, dyeing and finishing works in Yuryev-Polsky, fixed capital 750,000 rubles, 7.5 million rubles. turnover.) [ЦИАМ 450-8-546-51]
real estate - a house in Moscow (Nikolo-Bolvanovskaya street); the estate of the former prince Cherkassky (worth 320,000 rubles), land in hereditary estates (worth 328,612 rubles), the general state by 1908 - 1,050,000 rubles. [CIAM 450-8-138-66]
97. Ovchinnikov Alexey Petrovich (?)
m. 2 g. to. (1875)
D. Fedor (?) (see No. 98). [CIAM 1265-1-354-8]
98. Ovchinnikov Fedor Alekseevich (?)
households factory of church utensils in Moscow, Basmannaya street (1899) [ЦИАМ 450-8-366-9ob.]
9.9. Osipov Nikolay (?) Osipovich
m. 3 gk, poch. gr (1854)
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (Pyatnitskaya ch., 975 workers, 600,000 rubles turnover) [Tarasov-6]
charity: 5000 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-1ob.]
10.0. Parfenov Emelyan (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
charity 50 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-3]
101. Prasagov Artem Vasilievich (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
households 2 paper-making factories in Moscow (Rogozhskaya part, 80 workers, 18 370 rubles turnover, and 36 workers, 15 000 rubles turnover - 1853) [Tarasov-43]
charity 150 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853- 3]
102. Pugovkin Ivan Alekseevich (1790-1852)
m. 3 g. to. (1852)
f. Irina Stepanovna (b. 1795), m. 3, k-ha (1857)
v. Alexey (b. 1823) (see No. 103), Nikolay (1829-1879) + f. Alexandra Semyonovna (1835-1866) [X rev. - P.71]
103. Alexey Pugovkin (1822-1878)
m. 2 g. to. (1875)
f. Alexandra Vasilievna (1826-1897)
d. Ivan (b 1854) (see No. 104), Love (b. 1863) [TsIAM 126M-ZM-2ob.]
104. Pugovkin Ivan Alekseevich(1854-after 1918)
households two hat shops in Moscow and a wholesale warehouse in Nizhny Novgorod (1904) [ЦИАМ 450-10-39]
due Member of the Audit Commission of the Society of Upper Trading Rows on Red Square (1898) [OR 246-9-1-46]
total Chairman of the ISEDC Council (1906-1909) [OR 246-12-10], Sergeant Major of the ISEDC elected (1897) [OR 246-9-1-46], Deputy Chairman of the ISERC Council (1918) [OR 246-18-6- 4]
105. Rastorguev Ivan Ivanovich (1828-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1864)
f. Filitsata Vasilievna (b. 1831)
village Nikolay (b.1860), Elizaveta (b. 1861), Ivan (b. 1863) [TsIAM 1265-1-89-5v.]
106. Rastorguev Mikhail Petrovich (1795-1862)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. (1 brk.) Olga Osipovna (1801-1848)
f (2 brk.) Pelageya Paramonovna (b. 1819)
no (as of 1857)
real estate house in Myasnitskaya ch. (acquired)
due 1848 - member of the commission "for the acceptance of rye flour for sale to the poor", 1855-1857 - a vowel of the Moscow Six-Glass Duma.
Blessed. 100 p. for hospital belongings (1853), 50 rubles. to the state militia (1855) [ЦИАМ 2-3-1267-2]
107. Rastorguev Petr Sidorovich(d. after 1913)
m. 2 g. to. (1894), sweat. och. Gr
households fish trade store on Solyanka, wholesale fish trade in Russia, since 1882 a loan was opened in the State Commercial Bank for 15,000 rubles, then increased to 150,000 rubles. (closed in 1912)
real estate: house in Myasnitskaya ch. (Malozlatoust lane) [ЦИАМ 450-8-91]
total Deputy from Moscow Old Believers to congratulate the emperor on Holy Easter (1894) [OR 246-2-6-15], 1896 - 1900 elected ISORK [OR 246-9-1-27]
10.8. Rakhmanov* Petr Markovich(1774-?) (On the Rakhmanovs see: Stadnikov A.V. Forgotten patrons: the Moscow merchant family of the Rakhmanovs // Moscow Archive. M., 1998. Issue 2.)
in 1828 - from the serfs, m. 3 bldg. (1833)
f. Avdotya Alekseevna (b. 1772)
d. Ivan (1801-1835), Abram Bolshoi (b. 1803), Abram Menshoi (b. 1813), Alexander (b. 1818) [VIII rev. - P.38]
households 6 butcher shops in Moscow (1850s) [TsIAM 14-4-391-311 rev.]
109. Rakhmanov Andrey Leontievich (1747-1815)
m. 3 g. to. (1815)
f. Fedosya Egorovna (1755-1839), m. 2, k-ha, monastic Feofania (Rogozhskoe cemetery)
village Fedor (1776-1854) (see No. 110), Dmitry (b. 1774), Terenty (1787-1852), m. 3, Alexey P792-1854. (see No. 111) [VII rev. - P.74]
households bread trade. Condition by 1815 - 20 thousand rubles. ser. [ЦИАМ 2-3-345-1]
110. Rakhmanov Fedor Andreevich (1776-1854)
och. gr., m. 1 year building (1854)
total trustee of the RBD (1850s)
households wholesale trade in bread (trading company "Brothers F. and A. Rakhmanov" (purchase of bread along the Volga, in Tula and Kaluga provinces); by 1854 - a fortune of over 1 million rubles.
111. Rakhmanov Alexey Andreevich (1792-1854)
m. 1 city building, poch. gr.
f. (1 brk.) Anna Alekseevna (ur.Kuznetsova) (1804-1821)
f. (2 brk.) Evdokia Dionisovna (ur. Sychkov) (1806-1879), sweat. och. gr-ka.
d. Olga (died 190P (married Ovsyannikov, (see No. 95), Anna (1836-1898) (married Dyachkov), Apollinaria (1838-?), Maria (?) [M. St - S .80]
households wholesale trade in bread, a large creditor (up to 20,000 rubles in ser.)
112. Rakhmanov Vasily Grigorievich (1782-?)
f. Agafya Filippovna
should. director of car washes, office of the State Commercial Bank (1843-1857), member of the Committee to find ways to trade activities
awarded a gold medal on the Annensk ribbon "For Diligent Service"
113. Rakhmanov Ivan Grigorievich (1774-1839)
until 1819 - m. 3 bldg, from 1819 - bogoroditsky 2 bldg.
f. Alexandra Karpovna (ur. Shaposhnikov) (1787-1841)
v. Semyon Ivanovich (1808-1854) (see No. 114), Egor (b. 1809), Pavel (b. 1811), Olga (b. 1810), Elizaveta (b. 1814), Nikolai (b. 1816, m 1 gk), Karp (1824-1895. (see No. 116), Fedor (b. 1820), Ivan (b. 1822). [VII rev. - p. 74]
households wholesale of bread in Moscow and Tula provinces. [RR 342-57-38-1]
114. Rakhmanov Semyon Ivanovich (1808-1854)
m. 1 g. to. (1854)
f. Serafima Fedorovna (nee Kartasheva) (1818-1881)
D. Fedor (b. 1848). (see No. 115), Ivan (b. 1846), Alexandra (1849-1870), Margarita (1851-1867), Elizabeth (b. 1852) [X rev. - P.79]
households bread trade [OR 342-57-38-3]
115. Rakhmanov Fedor Semyonovich (1848-?)
sweat. och. gr.
total Trustee of the RBD (1897-1900), foreman of the elected ISORC (1893-1896, 1903-1906) [OR 246-9-1-40]
116. Rakhmanov Karp Ivanovich (1824-1895)
m. 1 city building, poch. gr.
f. Ksenia Egorovna (b. 1831)
d. Alexandra (1851 - 1903) (see No. 120), George (?) (see No. 117), Ivan (?) (see No. 118), Emilia (1869-1907). (see No. 119), Sergey (?), Agnia (?), Lydia (married Agafonov, (see No. 2) [X rev. - p. 79]
total foreman elective ISORC (1875-79), elective (1870s-1895) [OR 246-3-2-11]
117. Rakhmanov Georgy Karpovich (?)
assistant professor of Moscow University
total founding member of the ISEDC (1913), member of the ISEDC Academic Council, member of the special trustees of the ISORC Council (1916) [OR 246-95-2-8]
118. Rakhmanov Ivan Karpovich (?)
m. 1 gk, sweat. och. gr. (1903)
households brick factory (station Kryukovo, Moscow province)
total President of the ISEDC Council (1903-1906)
charity 200,000 RUB to the tuberculosis sanatorium in Barybino (1903) [ЦИАМ 179-57-117]
119. Rakhmanova Emilia Karpovna (1869-1907)
sweat. och. gr-ka (1907)
charity 5000 RUB Society for the Encouragement of Diligence, 10,000 rubles - to the account of the RBD, House of Free Apartments (for 100 people, cost 60,000 rubles) [ЦИАМ 179-57-1016]
120. Rakhmanova Alexandra Karpovna (1851-1903)
sweat. och. gr-ka.
charity almshouse to them. AK Rakhmanova (for 70 people, cost. 133,000 rubles) [Izv. My. mountains. Duma, Common. Dept. 1909, No. 1, P.60]
121. Rybakov Nikolay Petrovich (?)
br. Rybakov Alexey Petrovich (?) M. 3 year to. (1875) [CIAM 1265-1-354-6] general. Founding Member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-95-2-4]
122. Ryabushinsky Pavel Mikhailovich (1820-1899)
m. 1 gc, commerce advisor
f. (2 brk.) Alexandra Stepanovna (ur. Ovsyannikov) (died 1901)
D. Pavel (1871-1924) (see No. 123). Sergei (1874-1942) (see No. 124), Stepan (b. 1874-?) (See No. 125). Dmitry (b. 1882-?) (See No. 126), Vladimir, Fedor.
households since 1887 - the partnership "P.M. Ryabushinsky and sons" - textile m-ry with an authorized capital of 2 million rubles.
total elected ISEDC (1860s-1890s) [OR 246-9-1-27]
123. Ryabushinsky Pavel Pavlovich (1871-1924)
m 1, banker
f. (1 br.) I. A. Butikova
f. (2 br.) E. G. Mazurina
households Russian Flax Industrial Joint Stock Company, Central Russian JSC (timber holding), Okulovskaya stationery, Joint Stock Moscow Bank (fixed capital 25 million rubles - 1912), Kharkov Land Bank
should. Chairman of the Moscow Exchange Committee, Chairman of the Moscow Military-Industrial Committee, member of the State Council (1916)
total Chairman of the MSORC School Council, Chairman of the Old Believers' Congress (1905), elected community (since 1896) [OR 246-9-1-2]
(About P. Ryabushinsky see: Petrov Yu.A. Pavel Pavlovich Ryabushinsky // Historical Silhouettes. M., 1991. P.106-154)
124. Ryabushinsky Sergei Pavlovich (1874-1942)
f. A.A. Pribylova (?)
households co-founder of the automobile plant AMO (1916)
total Chairman of the ISEDC Academic Council (1909), elected community [OR 246-9-1-2]
125. Ryabushinsky Stepan Pavlovich (1874-?)
households co-founder of AMO (1916)
total Chairman of the ISEDC Council (1906-1909) [OR 246-9-11-2]
126. Ryabushinsky Dmitry Pavlovich(b. 1882)
Corresponding Member French Academy of Sciences; founded the 1st aerodynamic Institute in the world (1904, Kuchino estate) (Petrov Yu.P. Ryabushinsky // Historical Silhouettes. M., 1991. S. 106-154)
127. Savvin Vasily Savvich (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
charity 300 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
128. Sapelkin Vladimir Andreevich (1801-?)
m. 2 g. to. (1857)
f. Praskovya Dmitrievna (b. 1803)
D. Fedor (1834), Alexander (b. 1837), Alexey (b. 1838) [X rev. - S. 130]
households wax-bleaching plant (since 1820, v. Vladimirovo, Moscow province, 27 districts, 15,000 rubles turnover; candle factory (Moscow, Basmannaya h., 15
slave, 65 750 rub. turnover.)
1849. - a small silver medal for the quality of candles at the St. Petersburg exhibition; 1852 - a silver medal for wax at the Moscow Agricultural Exhibition. [ZhMiT. SPb., 1853. Part 3. S. 65-70]
charity 150 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
129. Sapelov Ivan Matveevich (?)
charity 1000 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
130. Sveshnikov Artemy Yakovlevich (1801-1860)
eisk. 1 year to. (1854)
brothers: Sveshnikov Mikhail Yakovlevich (1814-1865). (see No. 131), Sveshnikov Fedor Yakovlevich (1815-1884). (see No. 132.)
charity 200 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 116-110-853-2ob.]
131. Sveshnikov Mikhail Yakovlevich (1814-1865)
m. 1 g. to. (1854)
charity 25 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-3]
households mentioned: Sveshnikov A.I. - a paper spinning mill in Moscow (83 workers, 23843 rubles turnover.), Sveshnikov P.A. - a wool spinning factory in Moscow (80 workers, 42025 rubles turnover) (Timiryazev - p. 5, 21]
132. Sveshnikov Fedor Yakovlevich (1815-1884)
m. 1 g. to. (1854)
D. Alexey, m. 3, 1913 - founding member of ISORC [OR 246-95-2-4]
households wool weaving factory in Moscow province. (295 slaves, 105294 p. Turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 21]
charity 300 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854)
mention: Sveshnikova I.P. - the gift of paintings and prints to the Rumyantsev Museum (1911), Sveshnikova E.V. - construction of an overnight house in Moscow (1910), K.V. Sveshnikova - the establishment of a bed in the almshouse them. Geer (1909) [TsIAM 179-57-117-21]
133. Sveshnikov Petr Petrovich (?)
br. Ivan Petrovich (?)
households TD "P. Sveshnikova Sons" (sawmills) 1897 - fixed capital - 1.2 million rubles, from 1899 - 1.8 million rubles. wholesale in Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod Fair.
real estate land estates 42 355 dess. (worth 868,000 rubles), forest materials - 4 million rubles. (1899), sawmills in Uglich, Rostov, Pereyaslavsky districts (total cost 90,741 rubles) (1899) [ЦИАМ 450-8-366]
13.4. Simonova (ur. Soldatenkov) Maria Konstantinovna (1803-1870)
m. 3 gk, poch. gr-ka (1864) [ЦИАМ 1265-1-89-2]
charity 100 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War [TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
135. Sidorov Fyodor Semyonovich (?)
Zvenigorodskaya 3 g. to. (1854)
charity 50 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
136. Smirnov Filimon Nikitovich (1790-1857)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. Irina Vasilievna (b. 1807)
village Peter (b. 1843)
household paper-weaving factory in Moscow (Basmannaya ch., 80 workers, 54,067 rubles turnover (1853) (Tarasov-46]
charity 100 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853- 3]
137. Soldatenkov Kuzma Terentyevich (1818-1901)
Commerce Counselor, Hon. gr.
households Publishing house K. T. Soldatenkov
due a vowel of the Moscow City Duma, a member of the Moscow branch of the Manufacturing Council, a full member of the Society of Lovers of Commercial Knowledge at the Academy of Commercial Sciences, an honorary member of the Brotherly Society for the Supply of the Poor with Apartments [Moscow Address-Calendar 1873, pp. 61,119, 123,251]
total elective ISORC 1860-1901
charity "Soldatenkovskaya" hospital (Botkin) worth 2 million rubles, a collection of paintings and icons in the Tretyakov Gallery, etc.
about him see: MertsalovIG. Russian publisher. Philanthropist Kuzma Terentyevich Soldatenkov and his merits for Russian education // Izvestiya Volf. No. 9-10.
13.8. Sobolev Nikolay (?)
total elective community (1897) [RR 246-9-1-2ob]
139. Sokolov Alexander Nikolaevich (?)
sweat. och. gr. (1913)
Founding Member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-95-2-4]
brother Sokolov Nikolay Nikolaevich (?)
households founder of the "partnership for the production of Russian mineral oils and chemical products" S.M. Shibaev and K 0 "(1884) with a fixed capital of 6.5 million rubles [TsIAM 450-8-552-3]
140. Vasily Soloviev (1802-1855)
D. Andrey (b. 1835). (see No. 141). Taras (1827-1899). (see No. 142). Makar (1842-1886), m. 1 g.c., Dorofey (b. 1829) since 1853 - in the bourgeoisie [X rev. - P.41]
141. Soloviev Andrey Vasilievich(b. 1835)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. Maria Kononovna (1842-1883), nee. Tsarist [X rev. - P.46]
142. Soloviev Taras Vasilievich (1827-1899)
m. 3 g. to. (1857), sweat. och. gr.
f. Avdotya Ivanovna (1826-1905)
d. Anna (b. 1842), Maria (b. 1847), Praskovya (b. 1855), Sergei (b. 1856) (see No. 143) [X rev. - P.41]
143. Soloviev Sergey Tarasovich (?)
sweat. och. gr.
total elected ISORC (1897) [OR 246-9-1-2v.]
144. Strakopytov Kozma Alexandrovich (1820-1887)
m. 1 g. to. (1864)
f. Natalya Petrovna (b. 1826)
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (16 workers, 18 670 rubles turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 22]
total 1879-1881 -elected ISORC [OR 246-3-6-24 rev.] Charitable. 50 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
14.5. Sushchov Fedor (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1854)
charity 15 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2ob.]
146. Tatarnikov Ivan Parfenovich (1800-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. (2 brk.) Praskovya Alekseevna (b. 1830)
d. (1 brk.) Ivan (1836), Dmitry (b. 1838)
d. (2 brk.) Elena (b. 1842) [X rev. - S. 144]
147. Tatarnikov Emelyan Parfenovich (1797-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. Praskovya Larionovna (d. 1857)
d. Ivan (b. 1816) + f. Anna Savelievna (b. 1819),
[d. Ivan Ivanovich (b. 1843), Peter (1849), Avdotya (1847), Pelageya (P-1851)]
Mikhail Emelyanovich (b. 1834), Peter (b. 1837), Kozma (b. 1840), Maria (1843) [X rev. - S. 146]
148. Tatarnikov Fedor Vasilievich (1853-1912)
households sale of flax products, transport offices (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volga region)
due member of the Merchant Council, elected Merchant Bank, member of the Moscow Exchange Society [f. Church. 1912]
149. Tarasov Yakov Alexandrovich (1814-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. Agrafena Yakovlevna (b. 1822)
the village of Makar (1843-1855), Stepan (b. 1845), Elizaveta (b. 1855), Praskovya (b. 1857), Evdokia (b. 1852), Porfiry (b. 1853) (see No. 150) [ X roar. -138]
150. Tarasov Porfiry Yakovlevich (1853-?)
personal och. gr. (1913)
total founding member of ISEDC [OR 246-95-2-7]
151. Timashev Alexander Larionovich(b. 1821-?)
m. 1 g. to. (1875), in 1856 from the Smolensk province., Sychevskaya 3 years of mercenary children.
f. Efimia Petrovna (b. 1931)
d. Elizabeth (b. 1864) [X rev. - P.114]
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (167 workers, 77,600 rubles turnover) [Timiryazev - p. 21]
mention: Timashev M.L. - wool weaving factory in Moscow (180 workers, 55,720 rubles turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 21]
charity: Timasheva E.P. established a chamber in the Rogozh almshouses (1908) [OR 246-61-4-Yoob.]
152. Tolkachev Yakov Yakovlevich (?)
m. 3 g. (1854)
charity 100 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War (1854) [TsIAM 16-110-853-2]
153. Tregubov Osip Egorovich (1798-1856)
m. 3 g. to. (1856)
f. Daria Timofeevna (1807-1862), m. 3, k-ha
d. Ivan (b. 1820) + f. Marya Semyonovna (b. 1832) [d. Maria (b. 1854)]
Egor (b. 1827) + f. Marfa Petrovna [d. Pelageya (b. 1855)]
Alexey (1834) (see No. 154), Peter (b. 1836-1913) - v. Ivan (see No. 155) [X rev. - P.77]
154. Alexey Tregubov (1834-1912)
sweat. och. gr.
f. Maria Ivanovna (b. 1838)
155. Tregubov Ivan Petrovich (?)
sweat. och. gr. (1913)
D. Sergei (b. 1898), Nikolay (b. 1903), Alexandra (1909)
total Founding Member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-95-2-4]
156. Tryndin Egor Stepanovich (1808-?)
from the Moscow bourgeoisie (1857), m. 3, to. (1861)
f. Elizaveta Kondratyevna (b. 1817)
d. Olga (1844-1865), Maria (b.1848), Sergei (b.1847 And see No. 157), Peter (1852-1909) [X rev. - P.57]
households plant of optical and surgical instruments (Moscow, Myasnitskaya ch., 15 workers, 9000 rubles turnover. (1853) [Tarasov-71]
due Ratman 1 of the Department of the Moscow Magistrate (1861-1864) [TsIAM 2-3-1280-2]
157. Tryndin Sergey Egorovich(b. 1847)
Commerce Counselor (1913)
D. Anastasia (d. after 1916), married Shchepot'ev
158. Filatov Yakov Mikhailovich (?)
total Founding Member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-95-2-7]
159. Fomin Trifon Grigorievich (1778-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
D. Ivan (b. 1808). (see No. 160), Andrey (b. 1814), Ermolai (b. 1825) [Khrev. - P.93]
charity 300 p. on the wounded in the Crimean War SHIAM 16-110-853-2]
160. Fomin Ivan Trifonovich (1808-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
D. Peter (b. 1831) (see No. 157), Vasily (b. 1841), Natalia (b. 1836), Maria (b. 1844) [X rev. - P.96]
161. Fomin Petr Ivanovich(1831- after 1870)
f. Serafima Ivanovna (b. 1835)
D. Constantine (b. 1854), Alexey (b. 1856)
households wool weaving factory in Moscow (250 workers, 70,000 rubles turnover) - 1870 [Tarasov-21, 22]; wool weaving factory in Moscow (50 workers, 15 750 rubles turnover - 1870) [X rev. - P.96]
162. Tsarsky Ivan Nikolaevich (?-1853)
m. 1 city building, poch. gr.
households meat trade in Moscow (1845) [TsIAM 16-13-1542-211]
should. deputy from the merchant class in the Board of the 4th District of Ways of Communication, deputy in the Board of Public Buildings.
och. ranks: benefactor of the Imperial Society of Russian History and Antiquities, member of the Imperial Archaeological Society and the Russian Geographical Society, Honorary Correspondent of the Imperial Public Library, Correspondent of the Archaeological Commission, Full Member of the Odessa Society of Russian History and Antiquities, Full Member of the Moscow Commercial Academy and the Copenhagen Art Society of Northern antiquaries.
awards: a gold medal on the Vladimir ribbon (for donations of manuscripts and coins in 1828) [Obituary // Northern Bee. 1853. No. 169]
163. Tsarsky Konon Anisimovich (1812-1884)
m. 1 since, the surname is allowed to be named since 1853
Maria (married to Solovyov, 1842-1883) (see No. 141), Seliverst (1835-1897) + f. Praskovya Grigorievna (1840-1888) - niece of A.I. Nazarova (see No. 90), Yegor (b. 1844) [X rev. - S. 129]
total trustee of the RBD (1876-1879) [OR 246-3-6-24 rev.]
164. Tsarsky Nikolay Dmitrievich (?)
total Trustee of the RBD (1850s)
(Melnikov PI. Och. Popovshchina // RV. 1866. T. 63. No. 5. S. 15)
165. Shaposhnikov Fedor Semyonovich (1834-?)
m. 2 g. to. (1857)
f. Alexandra Zakharovna (b. 1836) [X rev. - 98]
D. Evtikhiy Fedorovich m. 3 r. (1913), Founding Member of ISEDC [OR 246- 95-2-10]
households wool-weaving factory (Moscow district village Nikolskoye, Moscow province, 455 workers, 212500 rubles turnover) [Tarasov-10]
166. Shelaputin Antip Dmitrievich (?)
m. 1 since, poch. gr. (1820)
Bro. Shelaputin Prokopiy Dmitrievich, M. 1, Commerce Advisor
households until 1821 - joint, total cost - 50,000 rubles. + 2-storey stone house in Basmannaya h. [TsIAM 2-3-412]
total Trustee of the RBD (1850s).
167. Shelaputina Matryona Nikitichna (1813-?)
m. 3 g k-ha, widow (1857) [X rev. - P.118]
168. Shelaputin Maxim Fedorovich (1813-?)
m. 3 g., since 1867 - tradesman,
f. Anna Afanasyevna (b. 1822)
D. Dmitry (b. 1849) (see No. 165), Zinaida (b. 1851)
households silverware workshop (for 1865), silver shop [ЦИАМ 1265-1-95-15.20]
169. Dmitry Shelaputin (?)
m. tradesman
total founding member of ISEDC (1913) [OR 246-95-2-13]
170. Shelaputin Pavel Grigorievich (1847-1914)
m. 1 city building, since 1911 - nobleman, actual state councilor
f. Anna (?)
d. Boris (? -1913), Gregory (? -1901), Anatoly (? -1908).
households Balashikha wool spinning m-ra (1914 - 3000 workers, 8 million rubles turnover.)
charity The Anna Shelaputina Gynecological Institute for Doctors (1893), the Grigory Shelaputin Gymnasium (1902), three vocational schools (1903), the A. Shelaputin Real School (1908), the Pedagogical Institute (1908), the Women's Teachers' Seminary (1910) ) (Shchetinin B.A. A zealot of enlightenment // Historical Bulletin. 1914. No. 7. P.230)
171. Shibaev Andrey Martynovich (1818-1873)
br. Shibaev Sidor Martynovich (see No. 172)
households Dyeing and finishing factory in Bogorodsky u. Moscow province. (60 slaves 20,000 rubles turnover.) [Timiryazev - p. 27]
172. Shibaev Sidor Martynovich (?-1888)
Bogorodsky 1 g. to.
f. (1 brk.) Maria Ivanovna (1825-1858)
f. (2 brk.) Evdokia Vukolovna (? -1899) (nee Mityushina, sister of N.V. Kuznetsova).
d. Ivan, Nikolay, Sergey, Matvey, Peter, Alexey. (?)
households from 1857 - textile m-ra in the village of Istomkino, Moscow province (1257 workers, 1,093,000 rubles turnover) [Timiryazev - p. 9], since 1904 "Partnership of the Istomkino m-ry S. M. Shibaeva Sons "- (3 factories in the village of Istomkino, 7 million rubles turnover. (1912) [TsIAM 450-8-544], oil fields in Baku, since 1884 - Partnership" S . M. Shibaev and K "(plant for the production of mineral oils, fixed capital 6.5 million rubles)," Shibaevskoye oil industry company in London "(credit) [ЦИАМ 450-8- 552]
173. Shibaev Lev Fedorovich (1804-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857)
f. (2 brk.) Maria Denisovna (b. 1820)
d. (1 brk.) Nikolay (b. 1836) + f. Elizaveta Konstantinovna (b. 1839)
d. (2 brk.) Ivan (b. 1843) (see No. 174), Alexey (b. 1847) [X rev. - P.92]
174. Shibaev Ivan Lvovich(1843-after 1900)
charity almshouse for 180 people (1899) [ЦИАМ 179-58-308]
175. Shibaev Ivan Ivanovich (1835-?)
m. 3 g. to. (1857) [X rev. - P.106]
176. Shibaev Vasily Andreevich (?)
m. 3 g. to. (1897)
D. Ivan (1860-1889)
total Trustee of the RBD (1897-1900) together with F.S. Rakhmanov [OR 246-9-1-40]
Alexey Ivanovich Abrikosov
Alexey Ivanovich in family and social life adhered to the old strict rules, but in his business he was considered, by his sensitivity and openness to everything new, one of the most, as they would say now, advanced professionals.
Arseny Andreevich Zakrevsky
By the way, Arseny Andreevich Zakrevsky, apparently should be considered one of the first "green". Zakrevsky was very concerned about the felling of forests near Moscow. Growing at an accelerated pace, Russian industry demanded more and more fuel for cars.
Bakhrushins - Orthodox Christians
It was a surprisingly monolithic, morally stable family, whose whole life was subordinated to one thing: to work in such a way as to benefit the Fatherland, increasing their capital not for themselves personally, but for the glory of Russia.
The Eliseevs' gastronomic wonder
The “Gastronom” store on Tverskaya Street in Moscow was especially popular with the residents of the capital. There was a similar store on Nevsky Prospekt in St. Petersburg. For three quarters of a century, these stores held an indisputable lead among other trade enterprises of the same profile in terms of assortment and quality of goods.
Deeds and customs of the Ural merchants
The post-revolutionary fate of the Ural entrepreneurs is not much different from the fate of their colleagues from other regions of Russia. Some of them were destroyed during the Civil War, others emigrated to China and Japan, and later scattered all over the world. Those who remained in Russia were full of grief: part of the descendants of merchant families were repressed, many were shot.
Demidov
The works of Nikita Demidovich Demidov on the organization of mining business in Tula and the Urals made it possible to lay the foundations of a huge industrial empire.
The Mazurin dynasty
The founder of the Mazurins family came from Serpukhov merchants who moved to Moscow at the end of the 18th century. His son, Aleksey Alekseevich Mazurin (1771-1834), inherited the cotton manufactory. Abilities, intelligence and means allowed him to take the post of Moscow mayor, first during the reign of Paul 1, and then under Alexander 1.
Yegoryevsk and Bardygins
The Bardygins ... Yegoryevsk always remembered them. Ask any Yegoryevite about the Bardygins, and he will tell you about them with love and respect. Until now, Nikifor Mikhailovich Bardygin is considered the father of the city. But, probably, there will be confusion in the story of a simple city dweller: father and son - Nikifor Mikhailovich and Mikhail Nikiforovich - will merge into one person, which he will simply christen Bardygin.
Sytin Ivan Dmitrievich
I.D.Sytin's publishing house as an example of a successful combination of educational and entrepreneurial activities in pre-revolutionary Russia.
Lyamin merchant dynasty
In 1859, Ivan Artemyevich founded the partnership of the Pokrovskaya Manufactory, located in Yakhroma of the Dmitrovsky district of the Moscow province on the basis of the Andreevskaya weaving factory, which he acquired, and turned it into one of the largest paper-spinning and weaving production in Russia.
The Lepyoshkins are the oldest merchant dynasty in Moscow
One of the oldest and most famous Moscow entrepreneurs was the Lepeshkin dynasty. Lepeshkins appeared in Moscow in 1813, when, having survived the Patriotic War of 1812, the city, after a devastating fire, began to restore its industry and trade.
Margarita Morozova - public figure, patroness of arts and sciences
Her mother was Margarita Ottovna, nee Levenshtein (1852-1929), hereditary honorary citizen, owner of a sewing workshop for ladies' dresses. Father - Kirill Nikolaevich Mamontov (1848-1879), a merchant of the 2nd guild, traded tableware on Basmannaya Street in Moscow.
Nikolai Mironov - patron saint of Russian art
N. Mironov belonged to that category of merchants, whose representatives showed an active desire to increase the cultural wealth of Russia. These include, in addition to the above-mentioned patrons of art, also the Morozovs, Mamontovs, Tretyakovs and many others.
Pyotr Ivanovich Rychkov - "organizer" of the Orenburg region
The son of a Vologda merchant almost ruined due to a series of unsuccessful transactions, PI Rychkov, according to the proposal of IK Kirilov sent to the Senate, was appointed for his "fair knowledge" in accounting and German as an accountant of the then newly created Orenburg expedition.
Russian merchants - builders of Russia
The names of the Stroganovs, Dezhnevs, Khabarovs, Demidovs, Shelikhovs, Baranovs and many others stand as milestones in the expansion and strengthening of Russia. The merchant Kozma Minin went down in Russian history forever as the savior of Russia from foreign occupation. Numerous monasteries, churches, schools, shelters for the elderly, art galleries, etc. were largely created and supported by merchants.
Tikhon Bolshakov - collector of Old Russian literature
T. Bolshakov was born in 1794 in the city of Borovsk, Kaluga province in the family of an Old Believer. In 1806, as a twelve-year-old boy, he was brought to Moscow to his uncle, whom he first helped in trade, and then opened his own shop of leather goods and achieved great success in commercial activities.
Tryndins: 120 years of work for the good of Russia
The founder of the Tryndins optical company in Moscow is Sergei Semyonovich Tryndin, an Old Believer peasant who came to Moscow from the Vladimir province. He began working as a mechanic at Moscow University. After a while, he founded his optical workshop in Moscow.
The Russian merchants have always been special. Merchants and industrialists were recognized as the richest class of the Russian Empire. They were brave, talented, generous and inventive people, patrons of art and art connoisseurs.
1. The Bakhrushins
They come from the merchants of the city of Zaraysk, Ryazan province, where their family can be traced in scribes to 1722. By profession the Bakhrushins were "prasols": they drove cattle from the Volga region to big cities in a herd. The cattle sometimes died on the way, the skins were stripped off, transported to the city and sold to tanneries - this is how the history of their own business began.
Alexey Fedorovich Bakhrushin moved to Moscow from Zaraisk in the thirties of the last century. The family moved in carts, with all their belongings, and the youngest son, Alexander, the future honorary citizen of the city of Moscow, was carried in a laundry basket. Alexey Fedorovich - became the first Moscow merchant Bakhrushin (he was brought into the Moscow merchant class since 1835).
Alexander Alekseevich Bakhrushin, the same honorary citizen of Moscow, was the father of the famous city figure Vladimir Aleksandrovich, collectors Sergei and Aleksey Aleksandrovich, and the grandfather of Professor Sergei Vladimirovich.
Speaking of collectors, this well-known passion for "gathering" was the hallmark of the Bakhrushin family. Especially worth noting are the collections of Alexei Petrovich and Alexei Alexandrovich. The first one collected Russian antiquity and, mainly, books. According to his spiritual will, he left the library to the Rumyantsev Museum, and the porcelain and antiques to the Historical Museum, where there were two halls named after him. They said about him that he was terribly stingy, since “every Sunday he went to Sukharevka and traded like a Jew”. But he can hardly be judged for this, because every collector knows: the most pleasant thing is to find a truly valuable thing yourself, the merits of which others did not suspect.
The second, Aleksey Alexandrovich, was a great theater lover, for a long time presided over the Theater Society and was very popular in theatrical circles. Therefore, the Theater Museum has become the world's only richest collection of everything that had anything to do with the theater.
Both in Moscow and in Zaraisk they were honorary citizens of the city - a very rare honor. During my stay in the City Duma there were only two honorary citizens of the city of Moscow: D. A. Bakhrushin and Prince V. M. Golitsyn, the former mayor.
Quote: "One of the largest and richest firms in Moscow is the Bakhrushin Brothers' Trading House. They have leather and cloth business. The owners are still young people, with higher education, well-known benefactors donating hundreds of thousands. principles - that is, using the latest words of science, but according to old Moscow customs. For example, their offices and reception rooms make you want a lot. " ("New time").
2. Mammoths
The Mamontov family originates from the Zvenigorod merchant Ivan Mamontov, about whom practically nothing is known, except that the year of birth is 1730, but the fact that he had a son, Fedor Ivanovich (1760). Most likely, Ivan Mamontov was engaged in a tax-free trade and made himself a good fortune, so that his sons were already rich people. You can guess about his charitable activities: a monument at his grave in Zvenigorod was erected by grateful residents for the services rendered to him in 1812.
Fyodor Ivanovich had three sons: Ivan, Mikhail and Nikolai. Mikhail, apparently, was not married, in any case, he did not leave offspring. The other two brothers were the founders of two branches of the venerable and large Mammoth family.
Quote: “The brothers Ivan and Nikolai Fedorovich Mamontovs came to Moscow as rich people. Nikolai Fyodorovich bought a large and beautiful house with an extensive garden on Razgulyai. By this time he had a big family. ” ("P. M. Tretyakov". A. Botkin).
The Mamontov youth, the children of Ivan Fedorovich and Nikolai Fedorovich, were well educated and gifted in various ways. The natural musicality of Savva Mamontov was especially prominent, which played a big role in his adult life.
Savva Ivanovich will nominate Chaliapin; will make Mussorgsky popular, rejected by many experts; will create in his theater a huge success for Rimsky-Korsakov's "Sadko". He will be not only a patron of arts, but an advisor: the artists received from him valuable instructions on the issues of makeup, gesture, costume and even singing.
One of the remarkable undertakings in the field of Russian folk art is closely connected with the name of Savva Ivanovich: the famous Abramtsevo. In new hands, it was revived and soon became one of the most cultural corners of Russia.
Quote: "The Mamontovs became famous in a wide variety of fields: in the field of industrial, and, perhaps, especially in the field of art. The Mamontov family was very large, and the representatives of the second generation were no longer as rich as their parents, and in the third generation, the fragmentation of funds went even further. The origin of their wealth was the tax-farmer's trade, which brought them closer to the notorious Kokorev. Therefore, when they appeared in Moscow, they immediately entered the rich merchant environment. " ("The Dark Kingdom", N. Ostrovsky).
3. Shchukins
The founder of this one of the oldest trading companies in Moscow was Vasily Petrovich Shchukin, a native of the city of Borovsk, Kaluga province. At the end of the seventies of the 18th century, Vasily Petrovich established trade in manufactured goods in Moscow and continued it for fifty years. His son, Ivan Vasilievich, founded the I. V. Shchukin with his sons ”. The sons are Nikolai, Peter, Sergey and Dmitry Ivanovich.
The trading house conducted extensive trade: goods were sent to all corners of Central Russia, as well as to Siberia, the Caucasus, the Urals, Central Asia and Persia. In recent years, the Trading House has begun to sell not only calico, shawls, linen, clothing and paper fabrics, but also woolen, silk and linen products.
The Shchukin brothers are known as great connoisseurs of art. Nikolai Ivanovich was a lover of antiquity: in his collection there were many old manuscripts, lace, various fabrics. For the collected items on Malaya Gruzinskaya, he built a beautiful building in the Russian style. According to his will, his entire collection, together with the house, became the property of the Historical Museum.
Sergei Ivanovich Shchukin occupies a special place among Russian collector nuggets. We can say that all French painting at the beginning of the current century: Gauguin, Van Gogh, Matisse, some of their predecessors, Renoir, Cezanne, Monet, Degas - were in Shchukin's collection.
The ridicule, rejection, lack of understanding by the society of the work of this or that master - did not matter to him in the slightest. Often Shchukin bought paintings for a penny, not because of his stinginess and not out of a desire to oppress the artist - simply because they were not sold and there was not even a price for them.
4. Ryabushinsky
In 1802, Mikhail Yakovlev "arrived" from the settlement of the Rebushinskaya Pafnutevo-Borovsky Monastery in the Kaluga province. He traded in the Canvas Row of the Gostiny Dvor. But he went bankrupt during the Patriotic War of 1812, like many merchants. His revival as an entrepreneur was facilitated by his transition to the "split". In 1820, the founder of the business joined the community of the Rogozhsky cemetery - the Moscow stronghold of the Old Believers of the "priestly sense", to which the richest merchant families of the first throne belonged.
Mikhail Yakovlevich takes the surname Rebushinsky (this is how it was spelled then) in honor of his native settlement and enters the merchant class. He now sells "paper goods", starts several weaving factories in Moscow and the Kaluga province, and leaves the capital of more than 2 million rubles for the children. So a stern and earnest Old Believer, who wore a common people's caftan and worked as a "master" in his factories, laid the foundation for the future prosperity of the family.
Quote: “I was always amazed at one feature - perhaps a characteristic feature of the whole family - this is internal family discipline. to whom others were considered and in a sense obeyed him. " ("Memoirs", P. Buryshkin).
The Ryabushinskys were famous collectors: icons, paintings, art objects, porcelain, furniture ... It is not surprising that Nikolai Ryabushinsky, "dissolute Nikolasha" (1877-1951), chose the art world as his life. The extravagant lover of living "on a grand scale" went down in the history of Russian art as the editor-publisher of the luxurious literary and artistic almanac "Golden Fleece", published in 1906-1909.
The almanac under the banner of "pure art" managed to gather the best forces of the Russian "Silver Age": A. Blok, A. Bely, V. Bryusov, among the "seekers of the golden fleece" were the artists M. Dobuzhinsky, P. Kuznetsov, E. Lancere and many other. A. Benois, who collaborated in the magazine, assessed its publisher as "a most curious figure, not mediocre, at least special."
5. Demidovs
The founder of the Demidov dynasty of merchants, Nikita Demidovich Antufiev, better known under the name Demidov (1656-1725), was a Tula blacksmith and advanced under Peter I, having received vast lands in the Urals for the construction of metallurgical plants. Nikita Demidovich had three sons: Akinfia, Grigory and Nikita, among whom he distributed all his wealth.
At the end of the 17th century, Peter I often visited Tula - after all, he was going to fight the invincible Sweden, and weapons were made in Tula. There he became friends with the gunsmith Nikita Demidych Antufiev, appointed him chief for metal and sent him to the Urals, where Nikita founded the Nevyansk plant in 1701. Sweden then produced almost half of the metal in Europe - and Russia by the 1720s began to produce even more. Dozens of factories, the largest and most modern in the world of that time, grew up in the Urals, other merchants and the state came there, and Nikita received the nobility and the surname Demidov.
His son Akinfiy succeeded even more, and throughout the 18th century Russia remained the world leader in the production of iron and, accordingly, possessed the strongest army. Serfs worked at the Ural factories, the machines were powered by water wheels, and the metal was transported along the rivers. In the famous Altai mines, which owed their discovery to Akinfiy Demidov, in 1736 ores of the richest in gold and silver content, native silver and horny silver ore were found.
His eldest son Prokopiy Akinfievich paid little attention to the management of his factories, which, in addition to his intervention, brought huge income. He lived in Moscow, and amazed the townspeople with his eccentricities and expensive ventures. Prokopy Demidov also spent a lot on charity: 20,000 rubles to establish a hospital for poor women in childbirth at the St. Petersburg Orphanage, 20,000 rubles to Moscow University for scholarships for the poorest students, 5,000 rubles to the main public school in Moscow.
Some of the Demidovs moved into the classical aristocracy: for example, Grigory Demidov developed the first botanical garden in Russia in Solikamsk, and Nikolai Demidov also became the Italian Count of San Donato.
What has Russia inherited from the dynasty? Gornozavodskaya Ural is the main industrial region of the USSR and Russia. Ore Altai is the main supplier of silver in the Russian Empire, the "ancestor" of the coal-fired Kuzbass. Nevyansk is the "capital" of the Demidov empire. For the first time in the world, reinforcement, a lightning rod and a truss roof were used in the Nevyansk inclined tower. Nizhny Tagil - for all three hundred years of its history, it is an industrial giant, where the Cherepanov brothers built the first Russian steam locomotive. The Nikolo-Zaretskaya Church in Tula is the family necropolis of the Demidovs. The botanical garden in Solikamsk is the first in Russia, created with the advice of Karl Linnaeus.
6. Tretyakovs
Everyone knows this story from the school curriculum: Pavel Tretyakov, a wealthy Moscow merchant with an unhappy family fate, collected Russian art, which was not interesting to anyone at that time, and he collected such a collection that he built his own gallery. Well, the Tretyakov Gallery is perhaps the most famous Russian museum now.
In the Moscow province of the 19th century, a special breed of rich people developed: everything was as if by selection - from old merchants, or even rich peasants; half are Old Believers; all owned textile factories; many were patrons of art, and Savva Mamontov with his creative evenings in Abramtsevo, the Morozov dynasty, another collector of painting (though not Russian) Sergei Shchukin and others are no less famous here ... Most likely, the fact is that they came to high society straight from people.
They came from an old, but not rich merchant family. Elisey Martynovich Tretyakov, great-grandfather of Sergei and Pavel Mikhailovich, arrived in Moscow in 1774 from Maloyarovslavets as a seventy-year-old man with his wife and two sons, Zakhar and Osip. In Maloyaroslavets, the Tretyakov merchant family has existed since 1646.
The history of the Tretyakov family essentially boils down to the biography of two brothers, Pavel and Sergei Mikhailovich. During their lifetime, they were united by genuine kindred love and friendship. After their death, they will forever remain in memory as the creators of the gallery named after the brothers Pavel and Sergei Tretyakov.
Both brothers continued their father's business, first commercial, then industrial. They were flax-growers, and flax in Russia has always been revered as a basic Russian commodity. Slavophilic economists (like Kokorev) have always praised flax and contrasted it with foreign American cotton.
This family was never considered one of the richest, although their trade and industrial affairs were always successful. Pavel Mikhailovich spent a lot of money on the creation of his famous gallery and collecting the collection, sometimes to the detriment of the well-being of his own family.
Quote: "With a guide and a map in hand, zealously and carefully, he reviewed almost all European museums, moving from one big capital to another, from one small Italian, Dutch and German town to another. And he became a real, deep and subtle connoisseur painting ". ("Russian antiquity").
7. Soltadenkovs
They come from the peasants of the village of Prokunino, Kolomensky district, Moscow province. The ancestor of the Soldatenkov family, Yegor Vasilyevich, has been in the Moscow merchants since 1797.But this family became famous only in the middle of the 19th century, thanks to Kuzma Terentyevich.
He rented a shop in the old Gostiny Dvor, traded in paper yarn, and was engaged in discounts. Subsequently, he became a major shareholder in a number of manufactures, banks and insurance companies.
Kuzma Soldatenkov had a large library and a valuable collection of paintings, which he bequeathed to the Moscow Rumyantsev Museum. This collection is one of the earliest in its time of compilation and the most remarkable for its excellent and long existence.
But the main contribution of Soldatenkov to Russian culture is the publishing activity. His closest collaborator in this area was a well-known Moscow city figure Mitrofan Schepkin. Under the leadership of Shchepkin, many issues were published on the classics of economic science, for which special translations were made. This series of editions, which bore the name "Schepkin Library", was a valuable manual for students, but already at the beginning of this century many books became a bibliographic rarity.
8. Pearls
Why do they say "tea" in Russian and "ti" in English? The British entered China from the south, and the Russians from the north, and so the pronunciation of the same hieroglyph differed at different ends of the Celestial Empire. In addition to the Great Silk Road, there was the Great Tea Road, which from the 17th century ran through Siberia, after the border Kyakhta coinciding with the Siberian Highway. And it is no coincidence that Kyakhta was once called the "city of millionaires" - the tea trade was very profitable, and despite the high cost, people in Russia fell in love with tea even before Peter I.
Many merchants became rich in the tea trade - for example, the Gribushins in Kungur. But the Moscow merchants Perlovs brought the tea business to a completely different level: the founder of the dynasty, the tradesman Ivan Mikhailovich, joined the merchant guild in 1797, his son Alexei opened the first tea shop in 1807, and finally, in the 1860s, Vasily Alekseevich Perlov founded the Tea Trade Association. that has grown into a real empire.
He had dozens of stores throughout the country, he built the famous Tea House on Myasnitskaya, but most importantly, by establishing imports by sea and clinging to the railways in time, he made tea available to all segments of the population, including peasants.
Tea culture remained from the Perlovs, which has become an integral part of Russian everyday life. As a result - a Russian samovar and Russian porcelain. The tea house on Myasnitskaya is one of the most beautiful buildings in Moscow.
9. Stroganovs
Northern Urals, XVI century. Anika Fedorovich Stroganov became rich in the extraction and supply of salt.
... Somehow at the end of the 15th century, the Novgorod merchant Fyodor Stroganov settled on Vychegda near Veliky Ustyug, and his son Anika in 1515 started a saltworks there. Salt, or rather brine, in those days was pumped from wells like oil, and evaporated in huge pans - a dirty job, but necessary.
By 1558, Anika had succeeded so much that Ivan the Terrible gave him huge lands on the Kama River, where the first industrial giant in Russia, Solikamsk, was already flourishing. Anika became richer than the tsar himself, and when his possessions were plundered by the Tatars, he decided not to stand on ceremony: he summoned the most fierce thugs and the most dashing ataman from the Volga, armed them and sent them to Siberia to sort it out. That ataman's name was Yermak, and when the news of his campaign reached the tsar, who did not want a new war at all, it was already impossible to stop the conquest of Siberia.
The Stroganovs, even after Anika, remained the richest people in Russia, such aristocrats from industry, owners of industries, guest houses, trade routes ...
In the 18th century, they received the nobility. The hobby of the Stroganov barons was the search for talents among their serfs: one of these "finds" was Andrei Voronikhin, who studied in St. Petersburg and built the Kazan Cathedral there. Sergei Stroganov opened an art school in 1825, where even peasant children were admitted - and who does not know "Stroganovka" now? In the 17th century, the Stroganovs created their own iconographic style, and in the 18th century - an architectural style, in which only 6 churches were built, but they cannot be confused with anything.
And even "befstraganoff" is called so for a reason: one of the Stroganovs served this dish to guests in his Odessa salon.
What has Russia inherited from the dynasty? All Siberia. Architectural ensembles of Usolye and Ilyinsky (Perm Territory) - "capitals" of the Stroganov empire. Churches in the style of "Stroganov baroque" in Solvychegodsk, Ustyuzhna, Nizhny Novgorod, Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Icons of the "Stroganov school" in many churches and museums. Stroganov Palace and Kazan Cathedral on Nevsky Prospect. Moscow State Academy of Arts and Industry S.G. Stroganov. Beef stroganoff is one of the most popular dishes of Russian cuisine.
10. Nobels
Ludwig Emmanuilovich, Robert Emmanuilovich and Alfred Emmanuilovich Nobels are not entirely "Russian" characters: this family came to St. Petersburg from Sweden. But they changed Russia, and the whole world through it: after all, oil became the main business of the Nobels. People knew about oil for a long time, they mined it in wells, but did not really know what to do with this muck and burned it in stoves like firewood.
The flywheel of the oil era began to gain momentum in the 19th century - in America, in Austrian Galicia and in the Russian Caucasus: for example, in 1823 the world's first oil refinery was built in Mozdok, and in 1847 the world's first well was drilled near Baku. The Nobels, who made their fortune in the production of weapons and explosives, came to Baku in 1873 - then the Baku oil fields lagged behind the Austrian and American ones because of their inaccessibility.
To compete with the Americans on equal terms, the Nobels had to optimize the process as much as possible, and in 1877-78, the attributes of modernity began to appear for the first time in the world in Baku in 1877-78: the Zaroaster tanker (1877), the oil pipeline and oil storage facility (1878), the Vandal motor ship "(1902). The Nobel oil refineries made so much kerosene that it became a commodity.
A gift from heaven for the Nobels was the invention of a German diesel engine, the serial production of which they established in St. Petersburg. "Branobel" ("The Nobel Brothers Oil Production Partnership") was not much different from the oil companies of our time and brought the world into a new - oil - era.
Alfred Nobel, on the other hand, was tortured by his conscience for the dynamite invented in 1868, and he bequeathed his grandiose fortune as a fund for the "peace prize" that is awarded in Stockholm every year to this day. Nobel Prize - 12% of its capital owes to Branobel.
11. Second
In 1862, a man from Kostroma, Vtorov, came to the merchant Irkutsk, and almost immediately suddenly acquired a good capital: some say - he married successfully, others - he robbed someone or played cards. With this money, he opened a store and began to supply manufactured goods from the Nizhny Novgorod fair to Irkutsk. Nothing boded that this would grow into the largest fortune in tsarist Russia - about $ 660 million at current exchange rates by the early 1910s.
But Alexander Fedorovich Vtorov created such an attribute of modernity as a chain supermarket: under the general brand "Passage Vtorov" in dozens of Siberian and then not only Siberian cities, huge shops equipped with the latest technology with a single device, assortment and prices appeared.
The next step is the creation of a chain of hotels "Europe", again made to a single standard. After thinking a little more, Vtorov decided to promote the business in the outback - and now the project of a store with an inn for villages is ready. From trade, Vtorov moved on to industry, founding a plant in the Moscow region with the futuristic name "Elektrostal" and buying up metallurgical and chemical plants almost in bulk.
And his son Nikolai, who founded the first business center in Russia (Delovoy Dvor), would most likely have increased his father's capital ... but a revolution happened. The richest man in Russia was shot by an unknown person in his office, and his funeral was personally blessed by Lenin as "the last meeting of the bourgeoisie."
Russia inherited from the dynasty supermarkets, business centers and chain establishments. Dozens of "Vtorov passages", which are the most beautiful buildings in many cities. Business courtyard on Kitay-Gorod.
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It is not so easy to answer the question when the Russians got surnames. The fact is that surnames in Russia were formed mainly from patronymics, nicknames or generic names, and this process was gradual.
It is believed that the first in Russia were citizens of Veliky Novgorod, which was then a republic, as well as residents of Novgorod possessions that stretched across the entire north from the Baltic to the Urals. This happened presumably in the XIII century. So, in the chronicle for 1240 the names of the Novgorodians who fell in the Battle of the Neva are mentioned: "Kostyantin Lugotinits, Guryata Pineschinich". In the annals dated 1268, there are the names of "Tverdislav Chermny, Nikifor Radyatinich, Tverdislav Moisievich, Mikhail Krivtsevich, Boris Ildyatinich ... Vasil Voiborzovich, Zhiroslav Dorogomilovich, Poroman Podvoiskiy." In 1270, according to the chronicler, Prince Vasily Yaroslavich set out on a campaign against the Tatars, taking with him "Petril Lever and Mikhail Pineschinich." As you can see, these surnames did not resemble modern ones and were formed, most likely, by patronymics, generic or baptismal names, nicknames or place of residence.
Originally from the North
Perhaps the most ancient surnames should still be considered surnames ending with the suffixes -ih and -ih. According to experts, they appeared at the turn of the 1st-2nd millennia and originated mainly from family nicknames. For example, members of one family could be given nicknames such as Short, White, Red, Black, and their descendants were called in the genitive or prepositional case: "Whose are you going to be?" - "Short, White, Red, Black." Doctor of Philology A.V. Superanskaya writes: “The head of the family is called Golden, the whole family is called Golden. A descendant or descendants of the family in the next generation - the Goldens ”.
Historians suggest that these surnames were born in the north, and subsequently spread in the central regions of Russia and the Urals. Many such surnames are found among Siberians: this was associated with the beginning of the conquest of Siberia in the second half of the 16th century. By the way, according to the rules of the Russian language, such names are not inclined.
Surnames from Slavic names and nicknames
There were also surnames that arose from ancient Russian worldly names. For example, the surnames Zhdanov and Lyubimov later came from the Slavic proper names Zhdan and Lyubim. Many surnames are formed from the so-called "protective" names: it was believed that if you give a baby a name with a negative connotation, it will scare away dark forces and failures from him. So from the nicknames Nekras, Dur, Chertan, Malice, Neustroy, Hunger went the names of Nekrasov, Durov, Chertanov, Zlobin, Neustroev, Golodov.
Noble surnames
Only later, in the XIV-XV centuries, surnames began to appear among the princes and boyars. Most often they were formed from the name of the inheritance owned by the prince or boyar, and subsequently passed on to his descendants: Shuisky, Vorotynsky, Obolensky, Vyazemsky. Some of the noble families came from nicknames: Gagarins, Humpbacked, Glazaty, Lykov, Scriabin. Sometimes the surname combined the name of the inheritance with a nickname, such as Lobanov-Rostovsky.
One of the most ancient noble families - Golitsyn - originates from the ancient word "golitsy" ("galitsy"), meaning leather mittens used in various works. Another ancient noble surname is Morozov. The first to wear it was Misha Prushanin, who distinguished himself in 1240 in the battle with the Swedes: his name was glorified in the Life of Alexander Nevsky. This family also became known thanks to the famous schismatic - the boyar Fedosya Morozova.
Merchant surnames
In the 18th-19th centuries, servicemen, clergy and merchants began to wear surnames. However, the richest merchants acquired surnames even earlier, in the XV-XVI centuries. Basically, they were again residents of the northern regions of Russia - for example, the Kalinnikovs, Stroganovs, Perminovs, Ryazantsevs. Kuzma Minin, the son of salt maker Mina Ankudinov from Balakhna, received his own surname at the turn of the 16th-17th centuries. Often, merchant surnames reflected the occupation of their owner. So, the Rybnikovs traded in fish.
Peasant surnames
The peasants did not have surnames for a long time, with the exception of the population of the northern part of Russia, which once belonged to Novgorod, since there was no serfdom there. Take, for example, the "Arkhangelsk peasant" Mikhail Lomonosov or Pushkin's nanny - the Novgorod peasant Arina Rodionovna Yakovleva.
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They had surnames and Cossacks, as well as the population of lands that were formerly part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: the territory of present-day Belarus to Smolensk and Vyazma, Little Russia. Most of the indigenous inhabitants of the chernozem provinces had the surnames.
Mass assignment of surnames to peasants began only after the abolition of serfdom. And some even received surnames only during the years of Soviet power.
Why do some Russian surnames end with "-in" and others with "-ov"?
Originally Russian surnames are those that end in "-ov", "-ev" or "-in" ("-yn"). Why is it that they are most often worn by Russians?
Surnames with the suffixes "-ov" or "-ev" are, according to various sources, 60-70% of the indigenous inhabitants of Russia. It is believed that these surnames are mainly of generic origin. At first they came from patronymics. For example, Peter, the son of Ivan, was called Peter Ivanov. After surnames entered official use (and this happened in Russia in the 13th century), surnames began to be given by the name of the eldest in the family. That is, Ivan's son, grandson and great-grandson were already becoming Ivanovs.
But surnames were given by nicknames. So, if a person, for example, was nicknamed Bezborodov, then his descendants received the surname Bezborodov.
They often gave surnames by occupation. The son of a blacksmith bore the surname Kuznetsov, the son of a carpenter - Plotnikov, the son of a potter - Goncharov, a priest - Popov. Their children received the same surname.
Surnames with the suffix "-ev" were given to those whose ancestors bore names and nicknames, as well as whose professions ended in a soft consonant - for example, the son of Ignatius was called Ignatiev, the son of a man nicknamed Snegir - Snegirev, the son of a cooper - Bondarev.
Where did the surnames for "-in" or "-yn" come from?
The second most common names in Russia are surnames with the suffix "-in", or, less often, "-yn". They are worn by about 30% of the population. These surnames could also come from the names and nicknames of their ancestors, from the names of their professions, and in addition, from words ending in "-a", "-ya" and from feminine nouns ending in a soft consonant. For example, the surname Minin meant “son of Mina”. The Orthodox name Mina was widespread in Russia.
The surname Semin comes from one of the forms of the name Semyon (the old form of this Russian name is Simeon, which means "heard by God"). And in our time, the surnames Ilyin, Fomin, Nikitin are common. The surname Rogozhin reminds that the ancestors of this person traded matting or made it.
Most likely, nicknames or professional occupations formed the basis of the surnames Pushkin, Gagarin, Borodin, Ptitsyn, Belkin, Korovin, Zimin.
Meanwhile, word formation specialists believe that the surname does not always unambiguously indicate the nationality of a person or his distant ancestors. To determine this with confidence, you must first find out what kind of word lies at its basis. published.
Irina Shlionskaya
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