Psoriasis uric acid. Uric acid is elevated: causes, treatment

09.04.2023

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The level of uric acid in the blood and urine is one of the most important indicators of the normal functioning of the human body.

Therefore, a decrease or increase in uric acid should not be ignored, since this almost always indicates a disruption in the functioning of such vital organs as the liver and kidneys.

Given the importance of this indicator, we propose to understand what uric acid is, why it rises in the blood and urine, and how to deal with it.

Uric acid is a crystal composed of nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which is formed in the liver during the breakdown of purines.

The excretion of uric acid from the human body is carried out by the kidneys.

Urates are potassium and sodium salts of uric acid, which form a precipitate in the urine. Urate is synthesized from uric acid. Uric acid in the urine is measured using a urinalysis study, and in the blood using a biochemical blood test.

increases the effect of catecholamines on the cells of the body, activating the work of the brain and other parts of the nervous system;
protects the body from the negative effects of free radicals;
controls the quality of body cells.

At the same time, elevated uric acid in the blood is a serious signal of some diseases and requires a series of studies that will identify the causes and eliminate them. After all, excess uric acid is a poison that poisons the body from the inside.

Uric acid in the blood: normal

The rate of this indicator directly depends on the gender and age of the person.

The norm of uric acid in children

In children, the norm of this indicator is 120-330 µmol / l.

The norm of uric acid in men in the blood

In men under 60 years of age, the uric acid index should be in the range from 250 to 400 µmol / l, and in men over 60 years of age - from 250-480 µmol / l.

The norm of uric acid in women in the blood

The norm in women has slightly lower values than in men. In persons under 60 years of age, it should not go beyond 200 to 300 μmol / l, and in persons over 60 persons - from 210 to 430 μmol / l.

Analysis for uric acid is carried out both for healthy individuals for the purpose of medical examination, and for patients with diseases that lead to a delay in the excretion of uric acid from the body. These include diabetes mellitus, diseases of the cardiovascular system, gout and others.

In order for the results of the analysis to be objective, you should properly prepare for blood donation. To do this, 24 hours before the procedure for taking blood from the daily diet, you need to remove fruit and vegetable juices, caffeinated and alcoholic drinks, chewing gum, and also reduce physical and mental stress.

Blood sampling is carried out in the morning on an empty stomach, so the last meal should be no later than 12 hours before the procedure. Also, do not smoke 1 hour before the test.

For analysis, venous blood is taken from the vessels that pass in the cubital fossa.

The submitted analyzes are processed within 24 hours and issued the next day. But in emergency cases, a biochemical blood test can be carried out urgently (in cito) within 2-3 hours.

Uric acid is elevated: causes

Elevated uric acid levels may be caused by the following diseases:

hypertonic disease. With a constant increase in blood pressure, the kidneys are damaged, as a result of which hyperuricemia appears. In this case, a cardiologist or general practitioner gives patients recommendations on how to reduce the level of uric acid in the body, which consists in taking blood pressure lowering drugs and diet;
gout. The cause of this disease is increased synthesis of purines. The target organ for gout is the kidneys, resulting in their failure. Gout also affects the joints, the so-called gouty arthritis. In addition, with this pathology, uric acid crystals are deposited under the skin. Such deposits are called tophi. All patients must be prescribed a diet with elevated uric acid in the blood and drug therapy that helps to remove urate from the body. In more detail about the treatment of gout and drugs that remove uric acid from the body, we will talk further;
diseases of the endocrine system. Hyperfunction of the parathyroid glands leads to an increase in the concentration of calcium in the blood, and this, in turn, to hyperuricemia. Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by a violation of almost all types of metabolism in the body, including purine;
overweight and obesity. These conditions do not directly affect purine metabolism, but increase the risk of acquiring hypertension, gout, and diabetes mellitus;
increased cholesterol levels in the body and atherosclerosis. Hyperuricemia often appears on the background of high cholesterol and atherosclerosis;
pathology of the urinary system. In this case, we can talk about a vicious circle, since uric acid is a component of stones. In turn, urolithiasis contributes to nephropathy, polycystosis, renal failure, that is, conditions that cause hyperuricemia;
blood pathology. Polycythemia, anemia, erythrocyte hemolysis, leukemia, and others can lead to hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia in blood diseases is explained by the fact that tissues and purine bases, from which uric acid is synthesized, are actively decomposing, enter the blood.

Also, an increased amount of uric acid in the body can be formed with massive burns, Down syndrome, unbalanced nutrition, alcohol abuse, long-term protein diets, excessive physical exertion, taking Furosemide, Aspirin, Theophylline and other drugs.

Decrease in the level of uric acid in the blood: what does it mean?

If uric acid in the blood is lowered, then they speak of hypouricemia. Causes of hypouricemia can be the following pathological conditions:

lack in the body of enzymes such as xanthine oxidase and phosphorylase, which are involved in purine metabolism. Such conditions can be both congenital and acquired;
mutations in the URAT1 and GLUT9 genes, since they are responsible for the regulation of uric acid reabsorption in the proximal tubules of the kidneys;
polydipsia;
a large introduction of fluid into the body during infusion therapy;
hyponatremia;
intravenous nutrition;
HIV infection and AIDS;
cancer of various localization, which leads to the depletion of the body;
diseases of the small and large intestines, in which the intake of proteins is disturbed, and others.

Hypouricemia can occur in the first trimester of pregnancy, low protein diets, drinking large amounts of caffeinated beverages, taking drugs such as Losartan, Aspirin and Trimethoprim, and estrogen therapy.

In most cases, low hyperuricemia is detected incidentally in a biochemical blood test, since it does not give any clinical manifestations.

But a sufficiently high level of hyperuricemia will manifest symptoms such as:

arthralgia (pain in the joints);
the appearance of spots, tophi and ulcers on the skin;
oliguria (reduction in the daily volume of urine);
hyperemia of the skin over the elbow and knee joints;
increased blood pressure;
arrhythmia;
increased fatigue;
general weakness;
stone plaque on the teeth and others.

Also, patients will have manifestations of the underlying disease, which led to hyperuricemia.

Hypouricemia: symptoms

Hypouricemia may cause the following symptoms:

reduction of all types of skin sensitivity;
decreased vision, up to blindness;
hearing loss;
violation of the psycho-emotional sphere in the form of asthenia;
memory impairment;
paralysis, including respiratory muscles;
demyelination of nerve fibers.

First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of hypouricemia.

Also, this indicator can be improved with a balanced diet. In the daily diet, foods rich in purines must be present, namely: meat, fish, legumes, liver, kidneys, mushrooms, spinach, cocoa, chocolate and others.

To calculate the daily amount of protein used the following formula:

for women: 1g * 1kg;
for men: 1.7-2.5 g * 1 kg;
for baby: 1.5g * 1kg.

How to remove uric acid from the body?

Before you start lowering the level of uric acid in the blood, you need to find out the cause of its increase. After the cause is determined, treatment of the underlying disease begins and is applied in parallel. the following ways:

diet;
normalization of weight;
drinking enough fluids;
drug therapy;
folk remedies.

Let's consider each method in more detail.

Diet for gout and high uric acid should be low-calorie. For patients with normal weight, table No. 5 according to Pevzner is prescribed, and for overweight patients, table No. 8.

During an exacerbation of gout, remove foods that contain purines from the daily diet, namely:

by-products: brains, liver, kidneys, tongue, thyroid gland;
veal;
chick;
fatty meats, fish and poultry;
smoked meat and fish products;
canned fish products;
concentrated broths from poultry, fish and meat;
legumes;
mushrooms;
greens (sorrel, spinach);
caffeinated drinks;
alcohol;
chocolate and cocoa.

It is better to cook food with gentle heat treatment methods, that is, steam, boil or stew. You should also give preference to liquid dishes and products.

In addition, you need to drink a large amount of liquid - 2-3 liters. It is better to drink clean water without gas and sugar or slightly carbonated alkaline water.

How to lower uric acid in the blood with medication?

Drug treatment for hyperuricemia is the use of the following drugs:

diuretics such as Furosemide, Hypothiazid, Veroshpiron, Indapamide and others;
Allopurinol, Apurin, Uridoside, Uriprim and others that reduce the severity of hyperuricemia by binding xanthine oxidase;
Benzobromarone, Urinorm, Dezurik, Normurat. These drugs bind enzymes that are involved in purine metabolism;
Sulfinpyrazone, Sulfazone and Pirocard activate the excretion of uric acid by the kidneys;
Etamide - blocks the reabsorption of uric acid in the kidneys.

Any of the above drugs can be taken only as prescribed by the attending physician under the control of the level of uric acid in the blood.

How to reduce uric acid with simple folk remedies?

Folk remedies for hyperuricemia are used exclusively as a prophylaxis or addition to the main drug treatment.

For your attention The most effective folk remedies for hyperuricemia:

Infusion of lingonberry leaves: 1 tablespoon of crushed fresh or dried lingonberry leaves is poured with one glass of boiling water, covered with a lid and allowed to brew for 35 minutes. One glass of infusion is taken orally before meals three times a day.
Nettle juice: 5 ml of freshly squeezed nettle juice is consumed daily before each meal.
A decoction of birch leaves: 20 grams of crushed fresh or dried birch leaves are poured into 250 ml of boiling water, put on low heat and boiled for 20 minutes, after which they are allowed to brew under the lid for 30 minutes and filtered through a fine sieve or gauze. 50 ml of medication is taken orally 3-4 times a day before meals.
Baths with infusion of medicinal herbs: carefully mix 100 grams of pharmacy chamomile, calendula and sage. After that, they take 1 glass of the resulting collection, pour it with 2 liters of boiling water, cover with a lid and leave for 2-3 hours. When the infusion has cooled to body temperature, it is poured into a wide basin and the legs or arms are lowered into it, that is, those limbs where the joints are affected by gout. Such a bath is carried out for 15-20 minutes once a day before going to bed. The course of treatment consists of 20 procedures.

To avoid a repeated increase in uric acid in the blood, you need to follow the above diet for life, lead, control weight, etc., since the diseases that lead to hyperuricemia are mostly chronic and incurable.

1. Congenital (hereditary) causes of increased blood levels are genetic diseases:

hereditary idiopathic familial hyperuricemia;
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

In hereditary diseases, hyperuricemia is observed as a result of a deficiency of a number of enzymes that control the processes of purine metabolism (for example, the enzyme hypoxanthine).

2. Acquired causes. Elevated uric acid in the blood can be caused by physiological causes (active breakdown of purines) or a pathological condition of the internal organs.

Factors that activate purine metabolism and an excessive increase in uric acid include the following:

alcohol abuse;
nutrition with protein products of animal origin;
physical activity, strength training;
prolonged fasting;
long-term use of medications that affect the release of uric acid compounds (ethambutol, pyrazinamide, levadop, salicylates, etc.).

Also, among the reasons for the increase in the level of uric acid in the blood, the following diseases are distinguished:

inflammation of the kidneys (glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, nephritis) and renal failure, in which the ability of the organ to filter blood plasma deteriorates;
disruption of the endocrine system (diabetes mellitus, acidosis, hypothyroidism);
blood diseases (hemolysis, polycythemia);
oncological processes (leukemia, lymphoma);
obesity;
liver disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis);
inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis);
dermatological diseases (psoriasis);
severe allergic reactions;
toxicosis in pregnant women.

In some cases, uric acid can rise in the blood during severe infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, tuberculosis, and pneumonia.

Norm in women and men by age (table)

The level of uric acid compounds depends on many factors: gender, age, weight, nutrition, sports, genetic predisposition.

The norm of uric acid in the blood for children, regardless of gender, is 140-200 µmol / liter. Such a low indicator of analysis is due to the fact that in children under 14 years of age, the processes of anabolism (an increase in the number of cells), and not catabolism (protein breakdown) predominate.

Symptoms of hyperuricemia

But by what signs can you determine that uric acid is elevated? Symptoms vary from person to person and are generally not attributed to hyperuricemia.

Most often, a change in blood content is accompanied by rapid fatigue or chronic fatigue and the formation of tartar. If hyperuricemia has a concomitant disease (gout, GA, diabetes mellitus, etc.), it manifests itself in symptoms characteristic of this pathology.

In childhood, an increase in uric acid can be determined by the fact that diathetic bright red spots appear on the hands and / or cheeks.

As a rule, signs of the disease appear with a significant increase in the concentration of uric acid compounds. In adults, especially in men over 50, the symptoms of elevated uric acid levels are as follows:

pain in the joints of the big toes and in the heels when walking;
the painful joint becomes inflamed and reddens;
pain during urination;
pain in the abdomen and lower back;
frequent headache;
increased blood pressure;
rapid formation of tartar;
brain dysfunction (memory impairment, bad mood, nervousness);
chronic fatigue.

Analysis for the definition of hyperuricemia

To accurately determine whether there is elevated uric acid in your body, you need to conduct a blood test. To obtain accurate results, three days before the delivery of the biomaterial, you must adhere to a diet in which alcohol and protein products are completely excluded.

Also, eating should be stopped 8 hours before the analysis. For research, venous blood is taken.

The direction can be prescribed by such doctors: urologist, rheumatologist, cardiologist, nephrologist.

Treatment with folk remedies

Treatment with drugs should take place only as prescribed by a doctor. The drug method of removing uric acid is carried out under the supervision of a specialist who will regularly prescribe appropriate tests.

To cleanse the body, the doctor prescribes diuretic drugs that remove uric acid. Next, medications are prescribed that inhibit the synthesis of this product, usually Allopurinol or its analogues.

To achieve the effect, strict adherence to the medication regimen for four weeks or more is required. Also, the doctor may consider it necessary to prescribe prophylactic drugs, for example, Koltsikhin.

In order to reduce the level of uric acid in the body, it is necessary to use medication in combination with diet. Comprehensive treatment is aimed at:

elimination of symptoms of the disease with anti-inflammatory drugs;
excretion of urates;
normalization of metabolism.

Drugs that reduce the level of uric acid are divided into groups depending on the effect they have:

urinary excretion of uric acid (probenecid, sodium bicarbonate, sulfinpyrazone);
excretion of metabolites from tissues into blood plasma (tsinkhoven);
a decrease in the activity of purine metabolism, as a result of which the amount of acid produced decreases (allomaton, allopurinol);
diuretic drugs that activate the work of the kidneys (furosemide, mannitol, lasix).

Alternative recipes are an additional method by which you can remove uric acid from the body. As a rule, medicinal herbs are used for this purpose, which have a diuretic effect and help reduce the level of uric acid.

Proper nutrition in case of illness

The first thing such a diet requires is the rejection of salted, fatty, pickled, smoked, meat broths, fried, canned food. You should also limit the use of table salt to 7 grams per day.

If you have elevated uric acid, you will have to give up foods rich in proteins and purines. These include fatty fish, meat, sausage, liver, kidneys, tongue, chocolate, coffee, legumes, mushrooms.

You will also have to exclude sweets, rich and puff pastry. Sorrel, spinach, grapes, eggplants, tomatoes, turnips, cauliflower are not suitable for vegetation.

Alcohol is also not allowed, especially beer and wine. Very rarely in small quantities you can vodka.

Strong black or green tea is excluded from the diet.

Proper nutrition is an important condition for maintaining optimal levels of uric acid in the blood. Treatment table 6, consisting of complex carbohydrates, reduces the formation of purine metabolism products and increases the rate of their excretion.

Nutrition with elevated uric acid should consist of foods low in purines, since purine compounds in animal foods have a negative effect on the human body.

If the uric acid level is elevated, then the following foods are allowed to be eaten:

vegetables (beets, potatoes, onions, carrots, cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, zucchini, eggplant);
vegetable broths;
cereals (buckwheat, rice, millet, oatmeal, etc.);
dairy products (low-fat cottage cheese and cheeses, kefir, yogurt);
bakery products (black, white bread, biscuit pastries, products with bran);
butter;
fruits and berries (especially apples, pears, apricots);
nuts, dried fruits;
fruit and vegetable juices, tea with lemon, compotes, kissels, kvass.

eggs (1 piece per day);
chicken, turkey (2-3 times a week);
lean fish (up to 3 times a week);
pickled and salted vegetables (3-4 times a week);
greens (sorrel, spinach, parsley).

If uric acid in the blood is elevated, then it is forbidden to use:

fatty meat, offal;
animal fats (lard, lard);
sausages;
fish and meat canned food, smoked products;
meat and fish broths;
beans;
chocolate, cocoa;
strong tea, coffee;
alcohol (especially beer).

To reduce the content of uric acid in the blood with the help of therapeutic nutrition, it is necessary not only to strictly monitor the diet, but also follow these rules:

eat only boiled meat (poultry);
during periods of exacerbation of symptoms, it is necessary to strictly limit the diet, eating only vegetables (in the form of stews, soups, etc.) and fruits;
drink plenty of water (up to 2 liters per day);
eat 4 times a day in 3-4 hours in small portions.

Uric acid is one of the substances naturally produced by the body. It results from the breakdown of purine molecules found in many foods by an enzyme called xanthine oxidase.

After use, purines are degraded to uric acid and processed. Some of them remain in the blood, and the rest is eliminated by the kidneys.

Deviations in the level of uric acid in the blood can be due to relatively harmless factors, and even daily fluctuations (in the evenings, its concentration increases).

Therefore, it is necessary to find out the cause, if elevated uric acid is found in the blood - what is it: the result of intense physical activity, a consequence of a diet, or a sign of a serious organic pathology. What pathologies cause a deviation in the level of uric acid? Let's talk about this in more detail.

To undergo a biochemical blood test, in which the level of uric acid is determined, the following rules must be followed the day before:

No juices, tea, coffee.
Chewing gum is also not recommended.
Do not drink alcohol the day before donating blood.
Do not smoke one hour before biochemical analysis.
It is desirable that 12 hours have passed since eating.
Blood should be taken in the morning.

Deciphering the analysis and further appointments should be carried out only by the attending physician.

The normal content differs depending on gender and age - in young people it is less than in the elderly, and in men it is more than in women:

children under 12: 120-330;
women under 60: 200-300;
men under 60: 250-400;
women over 60: 210-430;
men over 60: 250-480;
the norm in women from 90 years old: 130-460;
the norm for men over 90 years old: 210-490.

The main functions of uric acid:

Activates and enhances the action of norepinephrine and adrenaline - this stimulates the brain and nervous system as a whole;
It is an antioxidant - protects the body from free radicals and prevents cancerous degeneration of cells.

The level of uric acid, determined by a biochemical blood test, indicates a state of health. Shifts in the content of this metabolic product in the blood, both upward and downward, depend on two processes: the formation of acid in the liver and the time it is excreted by the kidneys, which can change due to various pathologies.

Why is uric acid in the blood elevated in adults, and what does it mean? Exceeding the upper limit is called hyperuricemia. According to medical statistics, it is more often observed in men than in women. Hyperuricemia is possible in the form of a non-permanent jump in physiological conditions:

excess protein food;
prolonged fasting;
alcohol abuse.

Other causes of an increase in uric acid above normal are observed in the following pathological conditions:

Arterial hypertension. Already at the 2nd stage of hypertension, an increase in uric acid is observed. Hyperuricemia leads to kidney damage, contributing to the progression of the underlying disease. Against the background of antihypertensive therapy, the level of uric acid can return to normal without specific therapy. If such dynamics is not observed, a special diet is recommended (see below) and an increase in physical activity, with further therapy for hyperuricemia.
Reduced excretion of uric acid by the kidneys in renal failure, polycystic kidney disease, lead poisoning with the development of nephropathy, acidosis and toxicosis of pregnant women.
One of the reasons for the increase in uric acid in the blood, medicine calls malnutrition, namely, the consumption of an unreasonable amount of foods that accumulate purine substances. These are smoked meats (fish and meat), canned food (especially sprats), beef and pork liver, kidneys, fried meat dishes, mushrooms and all sorts of other goodies. A great love for these products leads to the fact that the purine bases needed by the body are absorbed, and the final product, uric acid, turns out to be superfluous.
Elevated levels of cholesterol and lipoproteins. Quite often, the development of obvious clinical signs of gout and hypertension is preceded by a long-term asymptomatic increase in various components of the lipogram.
Another cause of an elevated acid state is gout. In this case, we can already say that an excess amount of uric acid causes the disease itself, that is, there is a causal relationship.
Taking medications: diuretics, drugs for tuberculosis, aspirin, chemotherapy for cancer.
Diseases of the endocrine organs, including: hypoparathyroidism, acromegaly, diabetes mellitus.

If a woman or a man has elevated uric acid in the blood, you should donate blood for analysis several times in order to see the indicators in dynamics.

As a rule, in itself, the initial increase in the level of uric acid in the blood occurs without noticeable symptoms, and it turns out by chance, according to the results of tests taken during a preventive examination or as a result of treatment for another disease.

When the uric acid level rises high enough, the following symptoms may appear:

acute pain in the joints of the extremities due to the crystallization of salts in them;
the appearance on the skin of suspicious spots, small ulcers;
decrease in the volume of urine output;
redness of the elbows and knees;
sudden pressure surges, heart rhythm disturbances.

Treatment of hyperuricemia is prescribed only if a disease with such a symptom is detected. Other causes are eliminated by correcting nutrition and lifestyle. In any case, a special diet will be needed.

One of the most common complications due to high levels of uric acid in the blood is gout. This is inflammation of the joints, or arthritis, which causes considerable pain to the sufferer and can render them unable to work.

Hyperuricemia increases the risk of gout because uric acid builds up in the blood and causes microscopic crystals to form in the joint. These crystals can penetrate the synovial junction and cause pain when friction occurs in the joint during movement.

Gout on the leg

In the case of an increase in the level of urea in the blood, a comprehensive treatment regimen consists of the following measures:

Taking drugs with a diuretic effect and drugs that reduce the production of uric acid (Allopurinol, Koltsikhin).
Correction of the diet with a predominance of lean, vegetable dishes, the exclusion of alcoholic beverages.
Increase the amount of fluid consumed, including juices, compotes.

The key to recovery from hyperuricemia is a special diet, in which there should be no foods with a high concentration of purines.

In the treatment of hyperuricemia, folk remedies are also used. For this purpose, decoctions and infusions of lingonberries, birch leaves, nettles are taken inside. For foot baths, infusions of calendula, chamomile and sage are used.

Nutrition with elevated uric acid should be balanced and dietary. In this case, you need to minimize the amount of salt in the diet.

for alcoholic drinks;
rich broths;
fatty meat and fish dishes, offal, smoked meats, sausages, etc.;
spicy spices, snacks, sauces, pickles and other products containing a large amount of sodium salts.

legumes, mushrooms;
chocolate, coffee, cocoa;
tomatoes, spinach.

It is very useful to eat:

green apples of different varieties;
garlic and onions;
lemons and other citrus fruits;
white and black bread;
dill greens;
eggs, but not more than 3 pcs. in Week;
green or herbal tea;
pumpkin and carrots;
beet;
cucumbers and white cabbage;
cottage cheese, kefir, sour cream;
watermelons;
peeled potatoes, cooked in any way;
lean boiled meat and fish;
boiled and then oven-baked meat of rabbit, chicken and turkey;
various vegetable oils, especially olive.

The volume of liquid drunk per day should be 2-2.5 liters per day, most of which should be pure water

Adhere to the basic principles of a diet with elevated uric acid will have throughout life, as the disease can recur. A therapist or a urologist can make a menu and choose products, but before that, the patient needs to pass a set of tests that will help to make the right and effective diet for medicinal purposes.

If the diet does not help reduce symptoms and lower uric acid levels, then medications are prescribed. Allopurinol, Sulfinpyrazone, Benzobromarone, Colchicine are agents that block synthesis in the liver.

According to simptomy-lechenie.net

1. Congenital (hereditary) causes of increased blood levels are genetic diseases:

hereditary idiopathic familial hyperuricemia;
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

In hereditary diseases, hyperuricemia is observed as a result of a deficiency of a number of enzymes that control the processes of purine metabolism (for example, the enzyme hypoxanthine).

2. Acquired causes. Elevated uric acid in the blood can be caused by physiological causes (active breakdown of purines) or a pathological condition of the internal organs.

Factors that activate purine metabolism and an excessive increase in uric acid include the following:

alcohol abuse;
nutrition with protein products of animal origin;
physical activity, strength training;
prolonged fasting;
long-term use of medications that affect the release of uric acid compounds (ethambutol, pyrazinamide, levadop, salicylates, etc.).

Also, among the reasons for the increase in the level of uric acid in the blood, the following diseases are distinguished:

inflammation of the kidneys (glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, nephritis) and renal failure, in which the ability of the organ to filter blood plasma deteriorates;
disruption of the endocrine system (diabetes mellitus, acidosis, hypothyroidism);
blood diseases (hemolysis, polycythemia);
oncological processes (leukemia, lymphoma);
obesity;
liver disease (hepatitis, cirrhosis);
inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis);
dermatological diseases (psoriasis);
severe allergic reactions;
toxicosis in pregnant women.

In some cases, uric acid can rise in the blood during severe infectious diseases such as scarlet fever, tuberculosis, and pneumonia.

The level of uric acid compounds depends on many factors: gender, age, weight, nutrition, sports, genetic predisposition.

But by what signs can you determine that uric acid is elevated? Symptoms vary from person to person and are generally not attributed to hyperuricemia.

In childhood, an increase in uric acid can be determined by the fact that diathetic bright red spots appear on the hands and / or cheeks.

pain in the joints of the big toes and in the heels when walking;
the painful joint becomes inflamed and reddens;
pain during urination;
pain in the abdomen and lower back;
frequent headache;
increased blood pressure;
rapid formation of tartar;
brain dysfunction (memory impairment, bad mood, nervousness);
chronic fatigue.

To accurately determine whether there is elevated uric acid in your body, you need to conduct a blood test. To obtain accurate results, three days before the delivery of the biomaterial, you must adhere to a diet in which alcohol and protein products are completely excluded.

Also, eating should be stopped 8 hours before the analysis. For research, venous blood is taken.

The direction can be prescribed by such doctors: urologist, rheumatologist, cardiologist, nephrologist.

To cleanse the body, the doctor prescribes diuretic drugs that remove uric acid. Next, medications are prescribed that inhibit the synthesis of this product, usually Allopurinol or its analogues.

In order to reduce the level of uric acid in the body, it is necessary to use medication in combination with diet. Comprehensive treatment is aimed at:

elimination of symptoms of the disease with anti-inflammatory drugs;
excretion of urates;
normalization of metabolism.

Drugs that reduce the level of uric acid are divided into groups depending on the effect they have:

urinary excretion of uric acid (probenecid, sodium bicarbonate, sulfinpyrazone);
excretion of metabolites from tissues into blood plasma (tsinkhoven);
a decrease in the activity of purine metabolism, as a result of which the amount of acid produced decreases (allomaton, allopurinol);
diuretic drugs that activate the work of the kidneys (furosemide, mannitol, lasix).

Alternative recipes are an additional method by which you can remove uric acid from the body. As a rule, medicinal herbs are used for this purpose, which have a diuretic effect and help reduce the level of uric acid.

The first thing such a diet requires is the rejection of salted, fatty, pickled, smoked, meat broths, fried, canned food. You should also limit the use of table salt to 7 grams per day.

If you have elevated uric acid, you will have to give up foods rich in proteins and purines. These include fatty fish, meat, sausage, liver, kidneys, tongue, chocolate, coffee, legumes, mushrooms.

You will also have to exclude sweets, rich and puff pastry. Sorrel, spinach, grapes, eggplants, tomatoes, turnips, cauliflower are not suitable for vegetation.

Alcohol is also not allowed, especially beer and wine. Very rarely in small quantities you can vodka.

Strong black or green tea is excluded from the diet.

Nutrition with elevated uric acid should consist of foods low in purines, since purine compounds in animal foods have a negative effect on the human body.

If the uric acid level is elevated, then the following foods are allowed to be eaten:

vegetables (beets, potatoes, onions, carrots, cabbage, cucumbers, tomatoes, zucchini, eggplant);
vegetable broths;
cereals (buckwheat, rice, millet, oatmeal, etc.);
dairy products (low-fat cottage cheese and cheeses, kefir, yogurt);
bakery products (black, white bread, biscuit pastries, products with bran);
butter;
fruits and berries (especially apples, pears, apricots);
nuts, dried fruits;
fruit and vegetable juices, tea with lemon, compotes, kissels, kvass.

eggs (1 piece per day);
chicken, turkey (2-3 times a week);
lean fish (up to 3 times a week);
pickled and salted vegetables (3-4 times a week);
greens (sorrel, spinach, parsley).

If uric acid in the blood is elevated, then it is forbidden to use:

fatty meat, offal;
animal fats (lard, lard);
sausages;
fish and meat canned food, smoked products;
meat and fish broths;
beans;
chocolate, cocoa;
strong tea, coffee;
alcohol (especially beer).

To reduce the content of uric acid in the blood with the help of therapeutic nutrition, it is necessary not only to strictly monitor the diet, but also follow these rules:

eat only boiled meat (poultry);
during periods of exacerbation of symptoms, it is necessary to strictly limit the diet, eating only vegetables (in the form of stews, soups, etc.) and fruits;
drink plenty of water (up to 2 liters per day);
eat 4 times a day in 3-4 hours in small portions.

According to redpotnica.ru

The course of the disease and its symptoms are different and depend on the degree, complexity, type and form of the disease, the age of the patient and the climatic zone in which he lives.

Rashes mainly focus on the scalp under the hairline, symmetrically in the area of the bends of the knee and elbow joints, on the lower back, but can also spread over the entire surface of the body.

There are 3 stages of development of psoriasis:

Progressive, which is characterized by the formation of new papules with a red rim, prone to increase and merge with each other.
Regressive, in which the papules begin to flatten, turn pale and dissolve, peeling decreases, after the disappearance of the papules, in their place there is an increase in pigmentation, or vice versa, the appearance of white spots.
Stationary - new papules are no longer formed, but those that are remain unchanged.

The duration of each stage is determined by the general condition of the body and can take several months.

There are several forms of clinical manifestations of psoriasis, which depend on the severity and localization of rashes, the patient's condition:

Vulgar (simple) psoriasis - develops on the bends of the knees, silver-white scales on the surface of the spots.
Exudative - on the bends of the knees and elbows, on the surface of the yellow crust spots.
Inverse - often associated with endocrine pathology psoriasis, rashes in large folds on the body.
Pustular - can be throughout the body or localized on the feet and palms, accompanied by the formation of pustules.
Seborrheic - occurs in patients with seborrhea, the scales stick together and form yellow crusts.
Psoriasis of the palms and soles - often found in working people, it simultaneously appears on the palms and soles of the feet.
Nail psoriasis - the nail plate thickens and deforms, dotted depressions are observed on their surface.
Psoriatic erythroderma is a complex form of the disease, rashes cover the entire surface of the body.
Arthropathic psoriasis - in addition to typical rashes on the surface of the skin, the joints are affected.
Guttate psoriasis - manifests itself in the form of small, drop-like rashes on the trunk or legs.

Uric acid is a substance that is formed in our body during the chemical decomposition of the nitrogenous components of DNA and amino acids. Most of the uric acid is formed during the reconstruction and replacement of cells, while a small part comes from food.

If the level of uric acid is elevated, this means that there are problems with the removal and disposal of this substance, or its overproduction.

Uric acid in the blood binds to transport proteins and is removed through the kidneys. About 450 mg of uric acid is excreted daily through the urine.

This helps to maintain normal levels of uric acid in the blood, in particular:

for men, between 3.2 and 8.1 mg/dL of blood.
for women, between 2.2 and 7.1 mg/dL of blood.

Considering the given values, hyperuricemia, that is, an increased level of uric acid in the blood, can be said when a man has a concentration above 8 mg / dl, and women - above 7, but, in some laboratories, values above 7 mg / dl are considered dangerous for men and above 6.5 mg/dl for women.

As for uric acid in the urine, it should also be present in limited quantities. Normal values are considered, for both men and women, in the range between 250 and 750 mg in urine collected in 24 hours.

What causes an increase in uric acid concentration? The reasons for the increase in the level of this substance in the blood and urine may be pathological conditions or eating problems.

Among the diseases that cause an increase in uric acid, we have:

Tumor lysis syndrome: This is a condition that occurs in certain blood cancers, such as leukemia and lymphoma, as a result of antiblastic therapy, which determines the massive lysis of cancer cells, resulting in the formation of large volumes of uric acid.
Glycogen disease type 1: this pathology is one of the reasons for the increased concentration of uric acid in children. It is associated with a deficiency in the enzymes of glycogen metabolism and causes a buildup of glycogen in certain organs such as the liver and kidneys, resulting in symptoms such as hyperuricemia and elevated blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Psoriasis: Those who suffer from this autoimmune disease, which mainly affects the skin, may have elevated levels of uric acid in the blood.
Polycythemia: This is a disease that determines the excessive production of blood cells. Overproduction of cells leads to their increase in the number of dying cells, this leads to an increase in the concentration of uric acid.
Hemolysis: Like tumor lysis syndrome, hemolysis, that is, the breakdown of red blood cells in the blood, causes the release of cell contents into the bloodstream and increases the production of cellular waste products such as uric acid.
Diabetes: People with diabetes are often in a state of metabolic acidosis, that is, low blood pH. Metabolic acidosis can cause an increase in uric acid levels and the formation of kidney stones.
kidney failure: In chronic renal failure, an increase in uric acid levels can occur because the kidneys do not work properly, uric acid is not removed correctly and accumulates in the body.

Non-pathological conditions that determine the increase in uric acid are mainly related to nutrition and the use of certain drugs:

Alcoholism: Alcohol abuse leads to an increase in uric acid levels, since alcohol reduces the excretion of uric acid and increases its production in the body.
Wrong diet: Diet may be responsible for the increase in uric acid concentration. If you eat foods rich in purines, such as organ meats (liver, brain, etc.), game, anchovies, in excessive amounts, or if you eat a large amount of animal proteins, this leads to an increase in the production of uric acid in the body, followed by hyperuricemia.
Medications: The use of certain drugs, such as diuretics, levodopa and cyclosporine, can increase the concentration of uric acid in the blood and urine, because they increase endogenous production and reduce excretion.

What to do when you find elevated uric acid levels? In many cases, it is enough to use natural remedies or follow dietary recommendations.

When hyperuricemia is associated with a pathology, diet or herbal medicine will not be enough to reduce the level of uric acid in the blood and urine, drug therapy will be required.

Ash: This plant contains many active substances, including phrasines, coumarins, flavonoids, malic acid, tannins and polyphenols. They help purine metabolism and therefore stimulate the excretion of uric acid.

The bark and leaves are used in the form of:

capsules, the dosage is two capsules twice a day
tincture, dosage - 30 drops three times a day
infusion, simply brew about 8 g of ash leaves in a cup of hot water, strain and drink.

Birch: The active substances of birch, including hyperosides, tannins, caffeic acid and triterpene alcohols, help against hyperuricemia.

Birch leaves and bark are used in the form of:

capsules, it is recommended to take two capsules after meals, twice a day
juice concentrate, it is recommended to take 40 drops twice a day
infusion, brew two tablespoons of dried birch leaves in warm water, leave to infuse for a quarter of an hour, and then strain and drink when you want.

Proper nutrition is essential to prevent the accumulation of uric acid in the blood. Some foods help cleanse the body of uric acid buildup, while other foods encourage buildup.

Foods to Avoid: All foods that are high in purines. This includes offal, meat broths and extracts, herring, mackerel, caviar, eggs, shellfish, mussels, game. All alcoholic drinks are prohibited.

Foods to limit: These are foods that have a medium purine content, i.e. white meat, sea bass, halibut, trout and hake. Limit certain types of vegetables, such as sweet peppers, peas, asparagus, cauliflower, and lentils, and certain types of fruits, such as watermelon, chestnuts, loquat, and almonds.

Preferred Foods: Those that are low in purines. Among these we have milk and dairy products, eggs, pasta, rice, cheeses (mozzarella, ricotta and scamorza), vegetables such as beets, potatoes, tomatoes, turnips, lettuce and endives, and fruits such as apricots, apples, peaches, pears and cherries.

Drug therapy is used only in cases where elevated uric acid levels indicate the onset of diseases such as gout, or when it is the result of another pathology.

The most commonly used medications are:

Allopurinol: it affects the synthesis of uric acid, blocking its production and, therefore, contributes to a decrease in concentration.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: drugs that are used to treat acute inflammation, including those caused by the precipitation of uric acid crystals. However, they have many side effects, in particular, they negatively affect the gastrointestinal tract.
Paracetamol: It is an effective pain reliever that can counteract the pain caused by inflammation.

Usually, psoriasis is identified after examining the patient without any tests. Analyzes are prescribed in the case when it is difficult to make a diagnosis by external signs.

Complete blood count (without ESR and leukocyte formula) - psoriasis can be a companion of leukocytosis and anemia.

Rheumatoid factor - detects a protein, the level of which can increase with systemic inflammatory processes. The result of the study for psoriasis should be negative. This is a distinguishing feature of psoriasis from rheumatoid arthritis, in which this factor is elevated.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is usually normal, with the exception of psoriatic erythroderma and pustular psoriasis.

Uric acid - its level in psoriasis is elevated, psoriatic arthritis may resemble gout, which is characterized by a significant excess of the concentration of uric acid in the blood.

Antibodies to HIV - HIV infection can trigger the sudden onset of psoriasis.

Genetic predisposition - 30 - 50% of patients have relatives with manifestations of psoriasis. The part of the chromosome that determines the degree of the inflammatory process on the skin is responsible for the occurrence of the disease.

Psychological state - often the cause of psoriasis is emotional shock and stress.

The negative impact of the environment - a cold climate contributes to the development of the disease.

Skin injuries - often psoriasis develops at the sites of cuts, burns, abrasions.

Medications - an allergic reaction to the medications used can serve as a good environment for the development of psoriasis.

Symptoms that are associated with elevated uric acid levels can be of a physical type or "laboratory", that is, they are reflected only in the parameters of a blood test.

Among the symptoms of the physical type we have:

Joint pain: occur due to deposits of uric acid in the joints and are accompanied by swelling and swelling in the joints, as well as fever. As a rule, this is one of the main symptoms of gout.
Hypertension: Uric acid crystals can be deposited on the walls of blood vessels, causing damage to the vascular endothelium. This can lead to a decrease in the lumen of the vessel, which leads to the development of hypertension.
Kidney colic: The deposition of uric acid crystals at the level of the renal tubules can lead to very painful renal colic.
Itching: hyperuricemia can cause itching, localized in the joints (in this case, the diagnosis will be directed towards gout) or systemic (in this case, chronic renal failure is suspected).

Of the laboratory symptoms, we can mention:

high cholesterol: often hyperuricemia is also associated with hypercholesterolemia. The relationship between these two parameters is not clear, but it seems that the reason lies in the consumption of fatty meat and the presence of hypertension.
high ferritin: hyperuricemia is accompanied by an increase in ferritin levels.
High ESR: an increase in uric acid levels and a simultaneous acceleration of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate can direct the diagnosis towards gout.

Excess uric acid in the blood can lead, in the long run, to life-threatening consequences.

Gout: this is an inflammatory pathology, which is characterized by the deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints. This causes inflammation of the joint, which swells, hurts, and sometimes is feverish. Uric acid crystals can also be deposited at the level of certain organs such as the kidneys, causing organ malfunction and damage.
kidney problems: Excess uric acid can lead to various kidney problems. In particular, it can determine the formation of stones, the development of nephropathy, acute renal failure.
Diabetes and diseases of the cardiovascular system: High levels of uric acid can lead to diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but all studies have not been able to find the mechanisms leading to this.
Toxicosis of pregnant women: Apparently, high levels of uric acid during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, can cause toxicosis of pregnant women. The study found that 90% of women who had high levels of uric acid during pregnancy often complained of morning sickness.

The first visible sign of psoriasis is the appearance of a rash about 1-2 mm in diameter. These are pustules that look like small pink or bright red tubercles, loose silvery-white scales can be observed on their surface. Later, the papules increase and reach the size of a drop, later - a coin. Over time, these areas begin to merge and form foci.

Depending on the characteristics of the rash, there are 3 forms of psoriasis:

Guttate psoriasis - tear-shaped papules.
Spot psoriasis - the size of the rash is smaller than the head of a pin.
Coin-shaped psoriasis - plaques with rounded edges and grow up to 3-5 mm.

Papules are covered with scales, which are easily removed. These are keratinized cells of the epidermis. Around such a rash, a pink rim can form - this is the growth zone of the spot.

For psoriasis, disturbances in the process of cell formation are characteristic - new cells are formed very quickly, while the old ones do not have time to die. They overlap each other and form a kind of growths - plaques.

The appearance of plaques in psoriasis depends on the type of disease. Often they are crusts with a gray, yellow-brown or silvery tint on the surface of the reddened skin.

The plaques are usually round in shape, sometimes there are some bends. Their diameter ranges from 2 to 8 cm. The shape and prevalence of plaques depends on the general condition of the body, nutrition, psycho-emotional mood and weather.

Psoriasis plaques tend to grow along the periphery, combine with each other and form huge spots or foci, while the affected area can cover an area of more than half the surface of the human body. But sometimes only one or two plaques can be observed on the body without a tendency to grow.

In the center of the foci of inflammation, the process of resorption begins over time - these areas turn pale, flatten. The inflammatory process grows along the edges of the focus and takes on a variety of shapes in the form of rings, arcs, garlands, or have a bizarre shape in the form of geographical maps.

When psoriasis passes into a stationary stage, the spread of plaques throughout the body stops and new spots no longer appear. At this stage, the scales completely cover the spots. Over time, they peel off and only traces of plaques remain on the skin - pigmented spots, they do not protrude above the surface of the skin. Such spots eventually merge with the skin tone and disappear. Dosed exposure to the sun has a positive effect on the alignment of skin color.

The causes of psoriasis are not fully understood, but according to scientists, the true causes of the disease lie in the psychological and mental state of a person. The disease can begin from the dissatisfaction of the patient with the appearance of his body, position in society, the world around him.

Often, the location of the rash indicates the causes of psoriasis. So, in patients who believe that others underestimate them, the symptoms of psoriasis appear on the head, and psoriasis on the hands may indicate misunderstandings with relatives and friends.

In the treatment of psoriasis, it is important to use not only drugs, but also learn to suppress negative emotions, be able to adapt to others, and compromise.

The diagnosis of "psoriasis" is established by the doctor, while he takes into account:

clinical picture of the disease;
symptoms of the psoriatic triad;
the presence of the Koebner phenomenon in a progressive stage.

The phenomenon of stearin stain - when scraping off the papule, peeling can be observed, outwardly resembling pounded stearin.

Terminal Film Phenomenon – After peeling off the scales, a smooth, shiny surface can be observed.

The phenomenon of pinpoint bleeding is the appearance of individual droplets of blood on the surface of the terminal film after its scraping.

The Koebner phenomenon is a manifestation of new rashes at the site of irritations that are observed in the acute phase of the disease.

In some cases, a histological examination of the affected tissue is additionally carried out for such changes:

lack of a granular layer;
acanthosis with elongation of the epidermal processes;
increased vascularization;
thinning of the germ layer of the epidermis above the elongated and edematous dermal papillae;
Munro microabscesses;
the predominance of lymphohistiocytic infiltration around the vessels.

Based on materials from izlechi-psoriaz.ru

Uric acid is present in the body of every person, its rate can change during the day under the influence of some everyday factors, such as increased physical activity, diet, etc.

Such fluctuations in a healthy body occur within the normal range and do not cause any discomfort. But if uric acid is elevated for a long period, then each person will feel not very good symptoms that will need to be treated after diagnosis, that is, after passing the test for the rate of uric acid in the body.

Every day we consume various foods that enter the body, are exposed to various enzymes, one of them is the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is responsible for the production of purine molecules, which, after “working out”, turn into uric acid. Part of the urea within the normal range is present in the body constantly, and the excess is excreted by the kidneys.

Therefore, you need to determine the cause, if you have elevated uric acid in the blood - what is it: the result of physical activity, a consequence of a diet, or a sign of a serious organic pathology.

Uric acid performs quite important functions in the human body:

Enhances and activates the action of adrenaline and norepinephrine - what stimulates the brain and nervous system;
Is an antioxidant , that is, it protects the body from free radicals and prevents cancerous degeneration of cells.

An increase in the level of urea in the blood is called hyperuricemia.

A short-term increase in the level of uric acid in the blood can be caused by the following reasons:

excess protein food;
physical exercise;
prolonged fasting;
alcohol abuse.

A constant and pathological increase in uric acid in the blood - hyperuricemia is usually associated with diseases of internal organs and systems or a genetic predisposition.

There are 2 types of hyperuricemia:

primary (idiopathic) - a hereditary disease that manifests itself in connection with disorders of purine metabolism in the body. This type of hyperuricemia is most often diagnosed in young children and is not common;
secondary - a more common type of hyperuricemia, which is observed in 99% of cases. In this case, an excess of uric acid and crystallization of salts are associated with violations of the process of its metabolism in the liver or pathology of the excretory organs.

Idiopathic hyperuricemia can be the cause of:

Lesch-Nigan syndrome;
Kelly-Sigmiller syndrome;
the presence of congenital fermentopathy.

Secondary occurs in diseases:

inflammatory diseases of the liver and gallbladder- hepatitis, cholecystitis, cirrhosis cause a violation of the formation of uric acid;
internal organ infection- an increase in the concentration of uric acid occurs in acute and chronic inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract;
inflammatory diseases of the kidneys(for example, pyelonephritis) - which cause a violation of the filtration function of the kidneys, as a result of which urea in the blood is not completely excreted from the body and its level in the blood rises significantly;
diseases of the endocrine system, such as: metabolic disorders, obesity, diabetes mellitus;
hypo- and avitaminosis- lack of vitamin B 12 and some others also leads to a violation of the metabolism of purine molecules and provokes an increase in the level of uric acid;
allergic diseases- bronchial asthma or urticaria also lead to an increase in the concentration of uric acid;
toxicosis- severe toxicosis during pregnancy can cause the development of acidosis and an increase in the amount of uric acid in the body;
dermatological diseases- eczema, psoriasis or dermatitis also affect the level of this substance in the blood;
oncological diseases ;
with a long taking medications- anti-tuberculosis drugs, diuretics, NSAIDs and some other drugs can cause disorders in the metabolism of purine bases;
change in alkaline balance - with acidosis, there is a significant increase in this component in the blood;
alcohol poisoning.

According to statistics, representatives of the stronger sex are more likely to face this problem. In men, an increased rate of urea in the blood is three times more likely than in women. Symptoms of an increase in urea in the blood are as follows:

Joint pain- appears as a result of crystallization of sodium salts. Moreover, at the initial stage of hyperuricemia, pain occurs in the small joints of the foot, with a more neglected version, the elbow and knee joints also suffer. Therefore, a person begins to experience sharp pain even at the slightest movement. In addition, swelling and redness of the skin are observed in places where salts are deposited, sometimes the skin in these areas becomes hot.
Lower back pain, in the lower abdomen or during urination, as a result of injury to the internal organs, which also suffer from an excess of uric acid.
Increased blood pressure, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction may occur due to loss of vascular elasticity due to crystallization of the same sodium salts.
insomnia, headache, inexplicable aggression either vision problems in case of damage to the nervous system.
Gout.
Decrease quantitiesexcreted urine.

If a man or woman shows the above symptoms, or the disease, it is necessary to take an analysis of the level of uric acid in the body several times in order to see the dynamics.

In young children an increase in urea in the blood is a rare phenomenon, but in the case of such, the following symptoms may be observed in children:

Such children often begin to be treated for allergies, unaware of the cause of its manifestation.

In children school age may take place:

abdominal pain;
speech problems (stuttering);
nervous tic;
daytime or nocturnal enuresis.

Diagnosis of this failure of the body is possible only with the help of a blood test.

For diagnosis, it is necessary to pass a standard biochemical blood test.

In order for the results to be as accurate as possible, it is necessary to start preparing for blood donation in advance, 3 days before the analysis, it is necessary to follow a purine diet.

The day before the biochemical analysis you need:

Refrain from drinking juices, tea, coffee.
Do not smoke, drink alcohol or chew gum.
It is desirable that at least 12 hours have passed since the moment of eating.
Eliminate psycho-emotional stress and stress.
Donate blood should be in the morning.

Decoding of the analysis should be carried out by the attending physician.

Based on materials mamaschool.ru

It performs important functions in the human body. However, with its high values, specialists have suspicions of serious problems with the patient's health. Treatment in this case is carried out with an integrated approach.

Uric acid - what is this substance and what is its norm

Uric acid is an organic element formed as a result of the breakdown of purines under the influence of xanthine oxidase. It is mainly produced in the liver due to metabolic processes. This substance is in the plasma and, at an increased amount, is a crystalline formation of sodium salts, which are oxidized and remove excess nitrogen from the body.

In the body, this acid performs important functions:

Provides stimulation and enhancement of the action of adrenaline and norepinephrine, which affects the functions of the central nervous and peripheral systems.
It has an antioxidant effect, which is to protect against free radicals and prevent the formation of cancer cells.

The level of acid in the blood depends on many factors. In addition, it varies depending on the age and health of the person.An increased level of this acid in the blood is called hyperuricemia in medical terminology.

To determine the level of uric acid, experts prescribe. For this, blood must be taken from a vein. To obtain more reliable results when preparing for the study, the following recommendations are required:

Donate blood on an empty stomach in the morning.
Before analysis, it is desirable to exclude physical activity and psycho-emotional overstrain.
A few days before the study, it is not recommended to eat foods that contain a large amount of purine.
When taking medications on the eve of the diagnosis, it is important to inform the specialist about this.
You can drink only clean, non-carbonated water before donating blood.
Stop smoking two hours before the test.

If certain diseases are suspected, the doctor may prescribe additional blood tests.

The rate of uric acid largely depends on the age criterion, as well as gender:

In men - from 200 to 420 micromoles per liter.
In women - from 160 to 320 micromoles per liter.
In children under 14 years old - from 120 to 300 units of measurement.
For men over 60 years of age, fluctuations from 240 to 490 micromoles per liter are possible.
In women after 60 years of age, the level is from 210 to 430 µmol.
From the age of 90 years, a level from 130 to 490 is considered a normal indicator.

Why the level rises, symptoms of high content

Depending on the main reasons for the increase in uric acid, two forms of hyperuricemia are distinguished: primary and secondary.

The primary form is considered congenital, it is also called idiopathic. In this case, during the metabolism of purine, some fermentation disturbances occur, so uric acid is produced in excess. Usually congenital disease is observed in rare cases.

Such hyperuricemia is provoked by the following conditions:

Lesch-Nigan syndrome
Kelly-Sigmiller Syndrome
Increased production of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase, which occurs as a result of an inborn metabolic disorder

The secondary form is often due to excess ingestion of purine into the human body along with food. A large amount of this substance is found in foods such as legumes, pork, beef (tongue, liver, brains, kidneys).

In addition, an increased content of uric acid may indicate various pathological processes that occur in the human body.

The main causes in this case are such diseases:

AIDS
Fanconi syndrome
Hypereosinophilia (high blood levels of eosinophils)
Gout
malignant neoplasm
erysipelas
Tuberculosis
Psoriasis
Leukemia
Pneumonia
Eczema

The substance rises with severe and extensive burns, diseases of the gallbladder and allergies. Another factor in the high content of this substance in the blood is the intoxication of the body as a result of large doses of alcohol. The factors in which this acid exceeds the norm include overweight, frequent use of alcoholic beverages, depletion of the body, lack of vitamins, physical inactivity, taking diuretics, anti-tuberculosis drugs.

More information about gout can be found in the video:

Hyperuricemia is considered a sign of atherosclerosis, ischemic disease, rheumatism, hypoparathyroidism, acromegaly. Uric acid can rise with toxicosis in pregnant women.

With a high content of a substance in the blood, the following symptoms are observed:

The occurrence of dental stones
Decreased performance
Soreness in the joints
Chronic fatigue
General weakness
Sleep disturbance
Hyperemia of the skin
Increase in body temperature
Digestive disorders
Decrease in the number of urination
A fall
Weak heartbeat

Also, the pathological condition may be accompanied by other symptoms characteristic of a particular disease, as a result of which uric acid has increased.

Treatment with medication

To lower the amount of uric acid, it is important to direct the treatment to eliminate the disease that provoked the increase in the substance in the blood. The therapy is carried out with an integrated approach. The following methods are used for this:

Medications.
Recipes for alternative medicine.
Diet.
Physiotherapy procedures.

There are many drugs on the pharmaceutical market that effectively remove uric acid from the body and also block its synthesis. These funds include:

Diuretics - Furosemide, Mannitol, Hypothiazid, Lasix, Torasemide, Diakarb, Amiloride.
Blockers of the synthesis of a substance in the liver - Colchicine, Anturan, Allopurinol, Benzobromarone, Sulfinpyrazole, Urodan.

You are not allowed to use these medicines on your own. Only an experienced specialist can prescribe them and determine the dosage, taking into account the underlying disease, the nature of its course, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient.

Folk remedies

birch leaves
Nettle
Strawberries and currants (leaves)
Cowberry
Blueberries
Highlander
Grape leaves

To prepare these decoctions, it is necessary to pour a spoonful of raw materials with a glass of boiling water and let it brew.

Removes uric acid from the body carrot tops. It is crushed and poured with boiled water, after which the remedy is infused and filtered. Drink a quarter cup three times a day. For this purpose, fresh carrot juice is also suitable.

With gout, which is most often accompanied by a high amount of uric acid, you can do foot baths using a decoction of chamomile, calendula and sage.

Diet for High Uric Acid

If the values of the substance in the blood are increased, then a certain diet should be followed, which requires the rejection of the following foods:

Fatty meat broths
Smoked meats
Pickled vegetables
Mushrooms
Sorrel
Legumes
Sour cream
Ryazhenka
Chocolate
Puff pastry or pastry
Spices
Spices
Shrimps

It is important to establish a drinking regimen. It is advisable for the patient to drink more than two liters of fluid per day. Better to drink plain water. The use of coffee, tea should be limited, and carbonated drinks and energy drinks should be completely excluded from the diet. It is also forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages.Nutrition with an increased acid content should be fractional.Fasting is strongly discouraged.

Every day you should eat fresh vegetables, berries and fruits, as well as juices from them, low-fat dairy products.

With hyperuricemia, physiotherapeutic procedures are also used. The most commonly prescribed hirudotherapy, acupuncture, manual therapy, acupressure, stone and moxibustion.

Possible Complications

With a prolonged increase in the substance in the body, sodium salts are deposited in the organs, as a result of which they are damaged. Such a violation leads to serious complications, which include the following pathologies:

angina pectoris
Hypertension
myocardial infarction

In case of damage to the nervous system, the following conditions may occur:

Aggression
Sleep problems
Visual impairment
Migraine

To prevent such complications, it is important to follow all the instructions of the attending physician.

Uric acid comes from the metabolism of purines in the liver. With the help of it, an excess amount of purines is excreted from the human body. A large amount of acid is found in the blood, where it has the consistency of sodium salts. If the rate of uric acid rises, the process of crystallization of urates is observed.

The norm of uric acid

Women should have no more than 0.40 mmol / l, men no more than 0.50 mmol / l. In the case of a sharp increase in uric acid, the amount of purines increases, it is reduced only with the help of a diet, in which there should be as little food with purines as possible.

If you want to reduce the level of uric acid in the body, you need to give up foods that contain purines - liver, meat, brains, tongue, legumes. The amount of uric acid depends on age. In men after 30 years, the level of purines is increased, in women at 65 years old it jumps significantly. Children have low uric acid levels.

Causes of an increase in uric acid in the blood

They learn about the change in acid with the help of laboratory tests, in which hyperuricemia is diagnosed. Often this condition is observed with. The uric acid index increases if the renal function is weakened, the patient's diet has an increased level of fructose. When a person's diet is disturbed, this disease occurs.

The amount of uric acid can jump due to high-calorie, fatty foods. The indicators are increasing due to pneumonia, tuberculosis, erysipelas, anemia, typhoid fever, leukemia. The analysis shows an increase in uric acid, it occurs due to liver diseases, in the case of an inflammatory process in the biliary tract, due to the chronic form. The level of uric acid rises if a person has urticaria, diabetes mellitus occurs in severe form.

A significant increase is observed in case of poisoning with methyl alcohol. It is important to pay attention to elevated uric acid levels, which may not cause symptoms. In this situation, it is necessary to diagnose the disease, due to which the level of uric acid has increased.

Often an increase indicates gouty arthritis. In some situations, the analysis is normal. Due to the fact that the level of uric acid rises, salts begin to be deposited in the area of \u200b\u200bthe joints, acute pain occurs.

Sometimes salts can be deposited on the skin, which causes tophi, gouty-type nodes. Because of the salts, a large number of stones can form in the kidneys. Gout is often the result of acute arthritis. The disease occurs due to metabolic failures, because the person has abused the diet.

Doctors distinguish primary and secondary forms of gout. In the case of the primary form, the level of acid in the blood rises, in the secondary form, renal work is disturbed, a large number of neoplasms occur due to hematological disease.

Treatment options for high uric acid levels

It is necessary to take anti-inflammatory, analgesic, diuretic drugs. It is important to follow a purine-free diet. Refuse offal, smoked, meat fatty broths. Eliminate sorrel, turnip, rhubarb from the diet. Give up eggs, chocolate, coffee, grapes, sweet, salty, spicy.

Reduce uric acid will help low-fat dairy products, potatoes, apples, plums, apricots. You need to drink up to 3 waters - juice, fruit drinks, tea, mineral water. With the help of liquid, you can remove purines from the body, reduce the level of uric acid. You need to eat food often up to 6 times in a small amount. If you have gout, you must adhere to a fasting diet, consume a sufficient amount of apples and vegetables. You can remove uric acid with the help of a set of therapeutic exercises - perform leg swings, the “bicycle” exercise is effective. Folk healers recommend using a decoction with birch leaves, root, birch sap, lingonberry leaves, angelica root. Juice, herbs quickly dissolve and remove urinary salts from the human body.

An increase in uric acid is often provoked by drugs, if you take certain drugs for a long time, you should pay attention to side effects. It is especially dangerous when the increase leads to kidney disease, the body cannot remove purines from the body. A sharp increase in the level of uric acid can be due to endocrine diseases - diabetes mellitus, acidosis. Some pathological processes provoke a change in the analyzes - obesity, psoriasis, cirrhosis, hypothyroidism.

Please note that uric acid levels may increase due to Hodgkin's disease, hereditary genetic disorders, sickle cell anemia, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Often the cause is lifestyle, it is imperative to play sports, so you can strengthen the work of the kidneys, do everything to improve the condition of the tissues. All these diseases must be considered in the treatment of elevated uric acid levels. It is also recommended to be careful about debilitating diets, they can lead to a dangerous condition.

It is important to constantly monitor the level of uric acid in the blood, give up alcohol, sweet fructose syrups, refined carbohydrates, because of them a large amount of purines is produced. If you reduce your intake of these products, you will significantly reduce blood uric acid.

So, drink as much as possible, with the help of water you can remove urine and excess uric acid. It is recommended to drink up to 8 glasses of water a day. Also watch your weight. The disease can be aggravated due to obesity. Excess weight leads to the development of gout. It is necessary to take medications that will help to quickly remove uric acid, non-steroidal drugs that have an anti-inflammatory effect are suitable. For preventive purposes, it is necessary to be observed by a doctor, periodically take laboratory tests.