International Day of Culture (the day of the adoption of the Roerich Pact). International Day of Culture So what is culture

18.06.2019

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How to help the Museum named after N.K. Roerich

Museum named after N.K. Roerich is public, which means that in many respects his activities are carried out thanks to the support of public assistants, patrons and benefactors. We will be grateful for any help! Only together with you will we be able to preserve the largest public Museum in Russia and the world, dedicated to the Roerich family, outstanding figures of world culture!

Since January 14, the "Roerich Cultural Creative Association" resumes meetings on cultural and philosophical topics in the House of Culture named after Gorky every Monday, at 18 o'clock at the address: Irkutsk, st. Klary Zetkin, 13 A. Stop of trams "Griboyedov", buses "Sverdlovsk market". Everyone is welcome. Free admission. Tel. for inquiries: 8-964-105-38-10

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April 15 - World Culture Day

In recent years, on the initiative of the public organization of the International League for the Defense of Culture, the Day of Culture has been held in many cities of Russia and other countries. The date chosen for this Holiday is April 15, associated with the signing on this day in 1935 of the world's first International Treaty for the Protection of Culture - the Peace Pact, or the Roerich Pact.
Nicholas Roerich belongs to the galaxy of brilliantly educated, comprehensively gifted figures of Russian and world culture and art of the 20th century. One of his most important contributions to the cultural development of mankind was his work on the implementation of the "Treaty on the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historical Monuments."
The main idea of this document, which was signed in 1935 by 21 states, is the obligation of the parties to the treaty on the protection of cultural property in peacetime and during the war years, which was taken as the basis for the development of the 1954 Hague Convention.

Within the framework of the Covenant itself, the proposed by N.K. Roerich is a distinctive sign, which was supposed to mark protected cultural objects. This sign was the "Banner of Peace" - a white cloth, which depicts three touching amaranth circles - past, present and future achievements of mankind, surrounded by the ring of Eternity.
On the basis and in development of the ideas of the Roerich Pact, the Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict (1954), the Convention “On the Preservation of Cultural and Natural Heritage” (1972), the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003) were signed. ), Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions (2005).
In December 2008, on the initiative of public organizations from Russia, Italy, Spain, Argentina, Mexico, Cuba, Latvia, Lithuania, the International Movement was created to approve April 15 as the World Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace.
At the XXII International Congress of Space Flight Participants in Prague, held in October 2009, the world's cosmonauts signed an appeal for the approval of the World Day of Culture.
On the initiative of the Irkutsk regional branch of the International League for the Defense of Culture, the regional festival "Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace" is being held in the Irkutsk region.
"Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace" is an annual celebration of the Day of Culture, on the day of the adoption of the world's first International Document "On the Protection and Protection of Cultural Property" - the Pact of Culture of Nicholas Roerich, namely April 15. Day of Culture, as a form that unites the creative participation of workers in education, culture, leisure, social and educational work, public organizations, enterprises, all people in the work of cultural development.
Many educational institutions of the Irkutsk region responded to the call to hold events dedicated to the World Day of Culture.
An exhibition of reproductions by N.K. Roerich's "Pages of Creativity".
In the Cultural and Exhibition Center on Lake Baikal, within the framework of the 2nd meeting of the Planet of Kindness, librarians and students of school No. 50 in Slyudyanka held the Banner of Peace event for the participants of the meeting. “We, people of our time, are trying to re-comprehend the symbol of the Banner of Peace,” they said in their speech. Then a teacher from the same school conducted a master class for the children on making the Banner of Peace badge.
An exhibition of reproductions of the Samara Center for Spiritual Culture "Women's Portraits" has opened in the exhibition hall of the Irkutsk Energy College under the Banner of Peace.
In Ust-Ilimsk, kindergarten No. 24 hosted a number of events dedicated to the Day of Culture: “Visiting Gorodets craftsmen”, “Visiting Nastya”, “Russian Fair”.
On April 14, in the Angarsk Palace of Children and Youth Creativity, a gala concert of the winners of the 2nd regional competition for young performers "Musical Spring", dedicated to the Day of Culture, took place.
On April 14, in the Cultural and Exhibition Center on Lake Baikal, on the eve of the International Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace, an exhibition of children's drawings "Inspiration" was opened, the participants of which were students and teachers of the children's art school No. 2 in Irkutsk.
An exhibition of reproductions of the artist and humanist N.K. Roerich.
On April 16, in the reading room of the Irkutsk Aviation College, a speech will take place on the topic: “April 15 - World Day of Culture. The evolutionary significance of the Roerich Pact ”.
At school number 42 in Irkutsk, a number of extracurricular activities and classroom hours are dedicated to the Day of Culture.
From 9 to 30 April in the kindergarten number 7 "Brusnichka" in Shelekhov, within the framework of the Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace ", the festival" Fairy-tale world of goodness and beauty "will be held.
In the Ust-Udinsky district of the Irkutsk region, teachers of the Atalan and Svetlolobov schools will hold class hours as part of the regional festival “Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace”.
The permanent exposition “Roerich's Pact. Banner of Peace ”in the Cultural and Exhibition Center on Lake Baikal in the village of Staraya Angasolka, which can be visited by everyone.
Nicholas Roerich wrote: " Let us also affirm the World Day of Culture, when in all churches, in all schools and educational societies at the same time, they will enlightenedly remind about the true treasures of mankind, about creative heroic enthusiasm, about the improvement and decoration of life.".
« I hope that the future is not very far away when the Day of Culture will become one of the most important holidays on Earth."- Academician D.S. Likhachev.
This appeal is especially relevant today, when the Planet and the human community are going through all the new global economic and environmental crises, natural disasters and military conflicts that never stop. Only the rise of Culture can unite the people of the Earth, regardless of their nationality, age, gender, social and financial status, end military conflicts and make politics and economics moral. Only the acceptance of Culture by the national idea by states is the guarantee of Peace on Earth.

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VIII Baikal Pedagogical Readings "Ideas of Space Philosophy in Pedagogy and Education"

We invite you to take part in the VIII Baikal Pedagogical Readings "Ideas of Space Philosophy in Pedagogy and Education", which will be held at the Cultural and Exhibition Center on Baikal from 18 to 21 July 2019... Teachers, educators, heads of educational institutions, specialists of educational authorities, methodologists, teachers of vocational education institutions, teachers of additional education, students, parents, psychologists, librarians, and medical workers are invited to participate in the pedagogical readings.

Modern mankind is distinguished from ancient ancestors by a higher level of development. In principle, this difference can also be characterized by using the term “civilization”. However, it is wrong to think that people who lived long before us had very wild ideas about certain things. For example, in the same Ancient Egypt, ancient Greece, there was a concept of culture, and in the 19th century, the development of the latter reached, one might say, its apogee. However, today every effort is being made to preserve cultural values and traditions. One of the steps taken in this direction is the annual celebration of the 15 April International Day of Culture.

Information about the holiday International Day of Culture

April 15, International Day of Culture was established in 1998. The initiative to include it in the calendar of public events with international status belongs to the representatives of the International League for the Defense of Culture. This public organization began its functioning two years earlier, having been established by the International Center of the Roerichs.

I must say that the International Day of Culture is even more closely connected with this name. The fact is that on April 15, 1935, the signing of the so-called Roerich Pact took place in Washington, which is officially called the Treaty "On the Protection of Art and Scientific Institutions and Historical Monuments." Nicholas Roerich, after whose name such an important document was named, was a famous artist. 4 years before it was signed within the framework of a conference held in the Belgian city of Bruges, the activist proposed holding the World Day of Culture. Roerich admired this, as he believed, the main driving force behind the improvement of society and was absolutely convinced that it was culture that was the unifying link between people, regardless of their religion and nationality. Of course, Roerich's proposal was supported, and as a result, those present made an appropriate decision to establish the International Day of Culture. At the same time, a clear formulation of the main task of the significant date appeared: an appeal to the masses for knowledge and beauty.

The Roerich Pact, based on the unofficial name of the treaty, was also proposed by the artist. First, at the very beginning of the last century, Roerich made a corresponding appeal to the belligerent states, including Russia, with a request to do everything possible to preserve cultural values by concluding a specific international agreement. However, the artist was not heard then. Roerich did not abandon his idea and in 1929 independently developed and then published a draft of the corresponding treaty. Roerich's Pact became widely known all over the world. He was supported by many cultural figures: writers, scientists, people of art. Among them were Albert Einstein, Thomas Mann, HG Wells, Bernard Shaw, Rabindranath Tagore and others. And in many countries, committees were formed to support the famous document.

At present, every year on April 15, a considerable number of world powers celebrate the International Day of Culture with the raising of the Banner of Peace. This is also happening in Russia. This tradition appeared in December 2008, when public organizations of our country, Latvia, Lithuania, Cuba, Italy, Spain, Mexico and Argentina came up with a corresponding initiative. The "Banner of Peace" is a distinctive sign, proposed and approved in the same way as the Pact, by Nicholas Roerich. The author intended to use it to mark protected cultural objects. The Banner of Peace is a white cloth with the image of three touching amaranth circles, personifying past, present and future human achievements. The listed circles, on top of everything else, are framed by the ring of Eternity.

The meaning and principles of the Roerich Pact

The Treaty "On the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historical Monuments" subsequently served as the basis for the creation of many modern documents related to the protection of cultural heritage. For example, on the basis of the Roerich Pact, some acts of the organization of UNESCO were developed: "The Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict" (1954), "The Convention on Measures Aimed at Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property "(1970)," Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage "(1972)," Declaration on Intentional Destruction of Cultural Heritage "," Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity ".

The principles and provisions of the Roerich Pact played a huge role in the continuation of the formation of legal norms in the field of cultural heritage protection. This is explained by the general nature of the basic ideas of the contract. Here they are:

clause on respect and protection of cultural property (any reservations are absent and inadmissible in it);
the obligation of states to adopt, within the framework of national legislation, norms that meet the requirements of international legislation in relation to the protection of cultural property;
the principle of registration of cultural values by fixing them in lists specially developed for this;
the principle of the national protection regime in relation to foreign cultural property.

Roerich's Pact is unique. In fact, it became the first international document entirely devoted to the protection and protection of cultural property, moreover, it does not contain a clause on violation of the document due to military necessity. In a broad sense, the Roerich Pact should be understood as the whole range of measures to protect the cultural heritage of the planet. It turns out that in addition to the legal Pact also has a philosophical, evolutionary and educational significance.

Culture concept

On this holiday, April 15, International Day of Culture, it remains to penetrate the meaning of the hero of the occasion. In other words, to answer a seemingly banal, but in practice, is a rather difficult question: "What is culture?" Translated from Latin, this term, derived from the verb "colo", "colere", means "cultivation". Later, this word acquired a slightly different meaning, while retaining its original meaning: culture is upbringing, development, education, reverence.

As a rule, the concept of culture is applicable to human activities, expressed in various manifestations. Creativity and knowledge are considered the source of culture. At the same time, in different periods of human development, there were their own concepts of culture. So, the ancient Greeks associated the latter with a sincere attitude to everything that they would not do, whether it was even cultivating the land. And in Russia in the 18th - 19th centuries. synonymous with culture was the word "enlightenment".

Today we are accustomed to understanding by culture all the best that has been created and is being created in the field of art, classical music, literature. And the word "cultured" is associated with a literate, well-mannered person with good manners. However, there is no doubt that scientific and technological progress has a detrimental effect on the development of culture. Confirmation of this is the words of Oswald Spengler: "Civilization arises where culture dies." The conclusion suggests itself: incredible efforts must be made to reconcile these two powerful "engines" of human development.

What is culture and what does it mean for humanity? Is it possible to live with dignity without cultural values and why should they be protected? International Day of Culture is a symbol of uniting people of different nationalities, a sign of humanity's high aspirations.
Culture is a phenomenon of great importance in the life of mankind. This concept covers folk art, and the upbringing of the younger generation, and personal development, and education, and the creation of art objects, as well as the practice of religious rituals and the veneration of traditions.

Culture needs respect

On April 15, 1935, a document was signed on the protection of cultural objects and scientific institutions - the Roerich Pact. A few years before this event, in 1931, the famous artist Nicholas Roerich received a proposal to celebrate the World Day of Culture.
Culture unites people of different ethnic groups and nationalities, ennobling humanity. She is the feature that separates us from other biological species, the inhabitants of the planet Earth. Culture encourages a person to high thoughts and protects from the barbaric attitude to the environment.
Roerich proposed a sign - "The Banner of Peace", which marks those cultural objects that are subject to protection. The drawing of the sign contains three touching circles - a symbol of the achievements of mankind in the past, present and future.
Unfortunately, noble initiatives do not always succeed in restraining the base aspirations of humanity, leading to political confrontation and military conflicts. Nevertheless, the International Day of Culture is a reminder of the destiny of man, of his high mission to improve the Earth and improve the quality of life of its inhabitants. On this day, April 15, numerous festivals, conferences and cultural events take place around the world.

“Culture” in translation from Sanskrit literally means “veneration of the light”, expressing the desire for knowledge of the beautiful, ideals and self-improvement. It is necessary to constantly study the culture, remember it and protect it. After all, it is the consumer attitude towards nature, the destruction of historical monuments, the crisis of spirituality in society, the pursuit of material values - all these are the first signs of lack of culture. And conscience, compassion, pride ... - these feelings are inherent only in man, and they can be brought up and developed only with the help of true culture.

Therefore, in order to once again emphasize the importance of all areas of the cultural world, a special holiday was established - the World Day of Culture, which is celebrated in many countries of the world annually on April 15. It was established in honor of the adoption on April 15, 1935 of the international treaty "On the Protection of Art and Scientific Institutions and Historical Monuments", which became known in international legal practice as the Roerich Pact.

The initiative to mark the date of the signing of the Pact as the International Day of Culture was made in 1998 by the International League for the Defense of Culture, established two years earlier by the International Center of the Roerichs. It is a public organization whose activities are aimed at protecting and enhancing the achievements of culture, art, science, and religion. Later, proposals were also made to establish this holiday, and it was even celebrated in a number of countries. And in 2008, on the initiative of public organizations from Russia, Italy, Spain, Argentina, Mexico, Cuba, Latvia, Lithuania, the International Movement was created to approve April 15 as the World Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace. And today this holiday is celebrated in different countries of the world. N.K. Roerich. Culture Pact (1931)

Although the Day of Culture was established not very long ago, it has a century-old history. The idea of creating an organized protection of cultural values belongs to the outstanding artist and figure of Russian and world culture Nicholas Roerich, who considered culture the main driving force on the path of improving human society, saw in it the basis for the unity of people of different nationalities and religions.

At the very beginning of the 20th century, during the period of wars and redistribution of territories, while studying the monuments of national antiquity, he understood how important it is to preserve them, and in 1914 he turned to the Russian government and the governments of other belligerent countries with a proposal to ensure the preservation of cultural values by concluding an appropriate international agreement. However, this appeal remained unanswered at that time. In 1929, Roerich prepared and published a draft treaty on the protection of cultural property, accompanying it with an appeal to the governments and peoples of all countries. The draft treaty has received worldwide fame and a wide response among the world community. Nicholas Roerich's idea was supported by Romain Rolland, Bernard Shaw, Albert Einstein, Herbert Wells, Maurice Maeterlink, Thomas Mann, Rabindranath Tagore. In many countries, committees have been formed to support the Covenant. The draft Pact was approved by the League of Nations Committee on Museums and the Pan American Union.

By the way, the idea of holding the World Day of Culture also belongs to Nicholas Roerich - back in 1931 in the Belgian city of Bruges, at a conference dedicated to the promotion of an international treaty on the protection of cultural property, he made a proposal about this and outlined the main task of the Day - a broad appeal to beauty and knowledge , a reminder to humanity of true values. And in subsequent years, the artist called on the world community to take concrete actions in the name of preserving Culture. He consolidated the progressive community, became the ideologist and creator of the document on the protection of the world cultural heritage, which was conceived as an international legal act of a universal nature.

And on April 15, 1935, on the eve of World War II, in the White House in Washington, the heads of 21 states signed the first international treaty in the history of the Earth "On the Protection of Institutions Serving the Purposes of Culture, Science and Art, as well as Historical Monuments" the creator of the "Roerich Pact".

The Covenant contains general provisions of principle on the protection and respect to be accorded to cultural property. The provision on the protection of objects in the Covenant is unconditional and is not weakened by military necessity clauses that reduce the effectiveness of the protection of cultural property in situations of armed conflict. The universality of the Covenant lies in the fact that it contains general, principled provisions on the protection of cultural property, and also in the fact that it could be implemented through the conclusion of both global and regional treaties.

Within the framework of the Pact, Roerich also proposed a distinctive sign, which was supposed to mark the protected cultural objects - the "Banner of Peace", a kind of Banner of Culture, - a white cloth on which three touching amaranth circles are depicted - the past, present and future achievements of mankind, surrounded by a ring Eternity. This sign is of an international nature and is found in works of art from different countries and peoples of the world from ancient times to the present. According to Roerich's plan, the Banner of Peace should fly over cultural objects as the guardian of the true spiritual values of mankind.

And Nicholas Roerich devoted his entire subsequent life to uniting countries and peoples under the Banner of Peace and educating the younger generation on the basis of culture and beauty. And the Pact played an important role in the further formation of international legal norms and public activities in the field of cultural heritage protection. This treaty has been used as the basis for many documents of modern international cooperation in the field of cultural heritage protection. Including in a number of UNESCO acts.

The Banner of Peace was raised even into space Today, when the world community is experiencing new global economic and environmental crises, natural disasters and military conflicts, care for Culture is especially relevant. Only its rise and preservation can unite people regardless of their nationality, age, gender, social and financial status, end military conflicts and make politics and economics moral. Only the acceptance by the states of Culture by the national idea is the guarantee of Peace on Earth.

On the very same International Day of Culture, various festive events are held in many countries. Thus, gala concerts, exhibitions of national cultures, conferences and lectures on various cultural topics, musical and poetry evenings, dance and theatrical performances and much more are held in Russian cities. Also on this day, the Banner of Peace is raised, and all cultural workers are congratulated on their professional holiday.

By the way, the Banner of Peace can now be seen everywhere - in the UN buildings in New York and Vienna, in the State Duma of Russia, in cultural institutions of different countries, on the highest peaks of the world and even at the North and South Poles. And it was also lifted into space, laying the foundation for the implementation of the International Public Scientific and Educational Space Project "Banner of Peace", in which Russian and foreign cosmonauts took part. Facebook30 Twitter My world1 Vkontakte

The date is connected with the signing on April 15, 1935 in Washington of the treaty "On the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historical Monuments", known in international legal practice as the Roerich Pact.

In 1998, the public organization International League for the Defense of Culture, established in 1996 by the International Center of the Roerichs, took the initiative to mark the day of the signing of the Pact as the International Day of Culture.

Since that time, in many cities of Russia and around the world on April 15, a solemn celebration of the Day of Culture has been held with the raising of the Banner of Peace. In some cities of Russia, the International Day of Culture has been held since 1995.

In December 2008, on the initiative of public organizations from Russia, Italy, Spain, Argentina, Mexico, Cuba, Latvia, Lithuania, the International Movement was created to approve April 15 as the World Day of Culture under the Banner of Peace.

Nicholas Roerich wrote: "Let us also affirm the World Day of Culture, when in all churches, in all schools and educational societies, at the same time, enlightenedly remind about the true treasures of mankind, about creative heroic enthusiasm, about the improvement and decoration of life."

Roerich proposed the first international legal act on the protection of artistic and scientific institutions and historical monuments.

The idea of the need to conclude a special agreement on the protection of cultural monuments during wars arose and was expressed by him in 1904-1905 during the Russian-Japanese war at a meeting of the Russian architectural society. In 1929, Roerich came up with a draft Pact and addressed the peoples and governments of all countries.

In the 1930s, a public movement of supporters of the conclusion of the Pact developed, and Roerich Pact societies were created in a number of countries. In 1931-1932, two international conferences dedicated to the Pact were held in the Belgian city of Bruges, in 1933 in Washington, a third conference was held, which recommended the governments of all countries to sign the document.

The signing of the Roerich Pact took place on April 15 in 1935 in Washington in the White House by representatives of 21 states of the American continent. Franklin Roosevelt, Romain Rolland, Bernard Shaw, Rabindranath Tagore, Herbert Wells, Albert Einstein spoke in support of the Pact.

Various events are annually dedicated to the International Day of Culture - exhibitions, round tables, conferences, etc.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

On April 15, the International Day of Culture is celebrated. The date is connected with the signing on April 15, 1935 in Washington of the treaty "On the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historical Monuments", known in international legal practice as the Roerich Pact.

Since 1999, on the initiative of public organizations, this day has been celebrated as an international day of culture.

The proposal to hold a World Day of Culture was put forward by the artist Nicholas Roerich in 1931 in the Belgian city of Bruges at a conference dedicated to the promotion of an international treaty on the protection of cultural property. Roerich considered culture to be the main driving force on the path of improving human society, saw in it the basis of the unity of people of different nationalities and religions. At the same time, the main task of the Day of Culture was named - a broad appeal to beauty and knowledge. Nicholas Roerich wrote: "Let us also affirm the World Day of Culture, when in all churches, in all schools and educational societies, at the same time, enlightenedly remind about the true treasures of mankind, about creative heroic enthusiasm, about the improvement and decoration of life."

The first international legal act on the protection of artistic and scientific institutions and historical monuments was also proposed by Roerich.
The idea of creating an organized protection of cultural values came to him at the very beginning of the century while studying the monuments of national antiquity. The Russo-Japanese War of 1904 forced the artist to seriously think about the threat that lurked in the technical improvement of military means of destruction. In 1914, Nicholas Roerich appealed to the Russian government and the governments of other belligerent countries with a proposal to ensure the preservation of cultural values by concluding an appropriate international agreement, but his appeal then remained unanswered. In 1929, Roerich prepared and published in various languages a draft treaty on the protection of cultural property, accompanying it with an appeal to the governments and peoples of all countries. The draft treaty has received worldwide fame and a wide response among the world community. Nicholas Roerich's idea was supported by Romain Rolland, Bernard Shaw, Albert Einstein, Herbert Wells, Maurice Maeterlink, Thomas Mann, Rabindranath Tagore. In many countries, committees were formed to support the Roerich Pact. The draft Pact was approved by the League of Nations Committee on Museums and the Pan American Union.

On April 15, 1935, in Washington, the leaders of 21 states of the American continent adopted an international treaty "On the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and Historical Monuments", known as the Roerich Pact.

Within the framework of the pact, the distinctive sign proposed by Roerich was approved, which was supposed to mark the protected cultural objects. This sign was the "Banner of Peace" - a white cloth, which depicts three touching amaranth circles - past, present and future achievements of mankind, surrounded by the ring of Eternity. The Covenant contains general provisions of principle on the protection and respect to be accorded to cultural property. The provision on the protection of objects is unconditional in the pact and is not weakened by clauses of military necessity, which reduce the effectiveness of the protection of cultural property in the context of armed conflicts.