How to draw a doll: learning to draw. How to draw a doll: learning to draw Draw a beautiful doll in stages

We learn to draw a doll in stages, it is not difficult to draw a doll, and if you have never even drawn, then after looking at the instructions with a description and pictures, you will definitely learn how to draw a doll, your attention is given two ways to draw a doll: easy and more difficult.

How to draw a simple doll in stages

1. Draw a circle at the top of the sheet - this will be the head of the doll.
2. Next, draw the body, it should be smaller in width than the head. The parts are touching.
3. Erase the upper part of the oval so that the neck does not cover the head.
4. The lower limbs are depicted without fingers in the form of elongated ovals.
5. Draw your hands under your head. There are no clearly defined shoulders in toys. First, draw the left one.
6. Now draw the right one. Hands should be in line. Then lengthen your left arm slightly.
7. Do the same with the right hand to make the upper limbs more graceful.
8. First, mark the beginning and the end of the skirt with two lines to make it easier to connect them.

9. Connect parts of the skirt with slightly curved lines to make the garment look like a trapezoid.
10. We make the figure of the toy thinner and more refined, slightly adjusting the oval.
11. Draw a semicircle collar. It doesn't have to be big. With its help, we separate the clothes from the body.
12. Shoes are depicted as slippers, which are slightly larger than the feet themselves.
13. In the circle that marks the head, shape the face and immediately separate the hair.
14. We erase the extra lines. The dolls' faces are made similar to human ones, so they are not perfectly round.
15. Draw the bangs by adding some lines to the hair.
16. Draw the ponytails about the same length. In the picture they are in the back, but you can draw them on the left and right.

17. On clothes, in addition to a flower, you can draw anything: ice cream, emoticon, heart. Or choose another flower.
18. To keep the eyes on the same level, you can very lightly draw a horizontal line and draw them on it.
19. Don't forget to add details: long eyelashes and pupils.
20. The last detail is a smile and dots in the form of a nose.
21. And the last thing left is to color the toy as you want.

We draw a beautiful doll in stages

1. We draw a silhouette of a doll using simple lines and geometric shapes, this is done so that later it is easier to draw everything else.
2. Draw the hair on the doll's head.
3. Draw the details of the doll's face. First, draw the big eyes, then the eyebrows, nose and mouth.

4. Draw the upper part of the doll's dress.
5. Draw both hands of the doll.
6. Draw the lower part of the dress.

7. Now draw the legs and shoes on them.
8. Add puffiness to the doll's hair.
9. We color the drawing of the doll with colored pencils.

The puppet theater has existed for a very long time. The ancient peoples believed that different gods, evil and good spirits, supernatural beings, live in heaven, on earth, and underground, and even in water. To pray to these gods, people made their images: large and small dolls made of stone, clay, bone or wood. They danced around such dolls, carried them on a stretcher, carried them on chariots or on the backs of elephants, and sometimes they arranged all sorts of cunning devices and made dolls depicting gods, devils or dragons open their eyes, nod their heads, bare their teeth ... more and more began to resemble theatrical performances. For thousands of years in all countries of the world legends about gods, demons, werewolves, genies were played out with the help of dolls, and in the Middle Ages in European countries, dolls showed heaven and hell, the creation of the world, Adam and Eve, devils and angels, played folk tales and satirical scenes that ridiculed human vices: stupidity, greed, cowardice, cruelty.

There were no state puppet theaters in old Russia. At fairs, on boulevards, in city courtyards, wandering magicians, acrobats, puppeteers gave small performances. Usually one of them turned the handle of a musical box, which was called a barrel organ. To the loud sounds of music, the puppeteer showed from behind a small screen how the funny, long-nosed, loud Petrushka beat the tsarist officer with a stick, who wanted to take him into the army. From the clever Petrushka, both an ignorant doctor who did not know how to heal and a deceiving merchant got it.

The life of the folk puppeteers - wandering actors was very difficult and did not differ much from the life of a beggar. After the performance, the puppeteer actor took off his cap and held it out to the audience. Whoever wanted to, threw copper kopecks into the hat.

In other countries, there were also dolls similar to our Petrushka. Such long-nosed and loud bully. These dolls were called differently: in England - Punch, in France - Punchinelle, in Italy - Pulcinello, in Germany - Kasperle and Hansvurst, in Czechoslovakia - Kasparek, in Turkey - Karagöz.

In modern theaters, dolls are different: they are made in different ways and they are set in motion in different ways.

Some of the simplest dolls are called glove dolls because they are worn on the hand like gloves. Usually the head of the doll is put on the index finger, one handle on the middle and the other on the thumb.

Parsley is a glove doll.

The dolls "on sticks" are even simpler. In Poland, they are called “on pots” dolls: the legs and arms of such a doll are not controlled, but turn in different directions.

There are dolls that can only be moved. They are used in special puppet theaters, called "nativity scenes" in Ukraine, and "shops" in Poland. These are two- or three-story boxes with an open front wall. Between the floors in the back, you can stick your hand and use this hand to drive the doll through the cracks in the floor of each floor. And the doll, as already mentioned, can only move with the help of the puppeteer and wave its hand if you pull the string.

There are dolls called reed dolls. Such a doll is also held by the puppeteer, but her hands are controlled by canes, sticks or wires attached to the doll's palms, wrists or elbows. Walking sticks are most often hidden in the sleeves or clothing of the doll. Reed dolls appeared a long time ago, in the East - in Indochina. In European puppet theaters, they began to be used only in the 20th century. In the 20s. Soviet puppeteer painters Efimov played an excerpt from Shakespeare's tragedy Macbeth using reed puppets. And later, the Central Puppet Theater in Moscow staged the highly successful performance "Aladin's Magic Lamp", which actors play with puppets on walking sticks.

Glove puppets and cane puppets are also called "riding puppets" because they are always taller than the puppeteer. The puppeteer is behind the screen, he is not visible. All that is visible is the doll he lifted above the screen.

And there are such dolls that the puppeteer actor controls not from below, but from above. He stands on a dais at the back of the stage and holds in his hands a wagu - a special device consisting of levers and slats from which threads extend. At the bottom, the threads are attached to the doll's shoulders, to the forehead, so that she can raise and lower her head, to the temples, so that she turns her head to the right and left, to the back, so that she can bow, to the elbows and palms, so that she can make all sorts of movements with her hands , to the knees, so that she, raising either the right or the left leg, can walk or dance. There are many threads. And ten, and twenty, and even thirty. After all, the doll has to do many different movements in the play: open its mouth, move its eyes and arms.

Puppets on strings are sometimes called puppets. But this is not entirely correct, since every theatrical puppet is called a puppet.

There is another kind of dolls that are controlled from above. They have few threads, one or two, to wave the doll's hand. There is a stick in the doll's head. The legs dangle by themselves, but you can swing the doll with a stick so that its legs begin to walk. The dolls are large, heavy, dressed in shiny armor, with shields and swords.

This is a Sicilian heroic theater that has survived from the Middle Ages. Wars and fights are always depicted on the stage. The puppeteers stand behind the backdrop (behind the stage) and swing the puppets, holding them by the sticks. The dolls hit each other with a noise and crack, and the "killed" in the battle fall. For all the dolls, one person speaks in a terrible, hoarse voice.

There is a similar theater in Brussels, Belgium. This is the "Ton" theater, it has existed for many years. Its owners, playing the main role, "screaming storyteller", replace each other over time, but each successive gets the name Ton. This theater is especially popular with tourists.

And there are dolls that cannot be called gloves, or dolls on threads or canes, or dolls on pins, as in the Sicilian theater. They are flat, cut from cardboard or leather. Very intricately and delicately carved and beautifully painted. These are puppets of the shadow theater, which has existed for a long time in China, Korea, Japan, Indonesia, India. The puppeteer sits behind the stretched canvas. Above the puppeteer's head is a large oil, kerosene, and sometimes electric lamp. With thin bone sticks sewn to the body, arms and legs of a flat doll, the puppeteer tightly presses the doll to the canvas, and then a colored carved shadow of the doll appears on the canvas in front of the audience. In such theaters, religious, mythical stories are most often shown. During the performance, the musicians beat drums, play musical instruments and sing.

There are many different theater puppets in the world. In Vietnam, for example, they even stage puppet shows on the water - on a river or lake. Under water, at a shallow depth, a long bamboo stick. At one end of it is a wooden doll, the other is held by a puppeteer. He stands knee-deep in water, fenced off by a wicker screen from the spectators on the shore. Inside the hollow bamboo stick, there are strings stretched to the doll's arms, head, and torso. The doll can emerge from the water or dive into the water, walk, bow, wave its arms.

The theater on the water arose once in ancient China, and depicted water spirits and gods, a turtle, a dragon. And in Vietnam, now in such a theater, scenes from the life of the people are presented.

There are also dolls participating in festive processions and carnivals. So, in China, on the streets of Beijing or Canton, a dragon may appear - a huge doll, 15 meters long. It is carried on large sticks by several people. The dragon is made of bamboo frames covered with painted fabric. It turns out, as it were, cylinders, between them the same cylinders are made of matter, only now soft, and not hard. At the front frame, a huge horned dragon head holds a red ball in its mouth. Gradually, the thickness of the cylinders decreases, and everything ends with the last rigid frame - the tail. Each leader of this dragon can raise his stick higher or lower, move it to the right or left. As a result, the dragon twists, twists, unwinds. Now this is only a street show, but once the peasants arranged a procession with a dragon, asking the sky to end the drought, it started raining.

During the holiday, lions may appear in China. Each lion has two acrobatic people. Lions run, jump, somersault, climb on several tables set on top of each other. Together with lions, lion cubs. These are boys in disguise. The lions have huge muzzles with opening mouths, and the hide is made of long dry grass - red, green, yellow.

And in Italy or South America, during carnivals, you can see huge, up to 10 m in height, inflatable rubber dolls.

So, puppets, puppet theaters help to convey the thoughts and feelings of people in a metaphorical, allegorical form. All the fables and tales of the peoples of the world are allegorical, but there is a lot of truth in them. They contain wisdom, humor, the talent of the people. Not only folk tales are metaphorical, but also many works of great writers and poets - Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, Pushkin, Gogol, Mayakovsky ... All this provides great opportunities for the development and improvement of the puppet theater.

In our country, state puppet theaters were created only after the October Revolution. Now there are 135 of them, they play in 25 languages ​​of the peoples of the USSR. The performances are attended by wonderful actors, artists, puppet masters. The largest puppet theater in the world is the Central Puppet Theater in Moscow. It employs 300 people. This theater gives performances every day for children and every evening for adults. He often goes on tour, toured 400 cities of our country, performed in 40 countries of the world.

State puppet theaters operate successfully in other socialist countries as well.

There is a worldwide organization of puppeteers UNIMA. It has 5 thousand members. Congresses, conferences, festivals of this organization are held in Europe (including the USSR), and in America, and in Africa, and in Australia.