The ideological content of the tale is a wild landowner. Analysis of the fairy tale wild landowner saltykov-shchedrin composition

A satirical depiction of reality appeared in Saltykov-Shchedrin (along with other genres) and in fairy tales. Here, as in folk tales, fantasy and reality are combined. So, often Saltykov-Shchedrin's animals are humanized, they personify the vices of people.
But the writer has a cycle of fairy tales where people are heroes. Here Saltykov-Shchedrin chooses other methods to ridicule vices. This is, as a rule, grotesque, hyperbole, fantasy.

Such is Shchedrin's fairy tale "The Wild Landowner". In it, the stupidity of the landowner is brought to the limit. The writer sneers at the “merits” of the master: “The peasants see: even though they are a stupid landowner, he is given great intelligence. He cut them down so that there is nowhere to stick out his nose; wherever they look - everything is forbidden, but not allowed, but not yours! The cattle will go to the watering place - the landowner shouts: "My water!" The chicken leaves the outskirts - the landowner shouts: "My land!" And earth, and water, and air - everything became him! "

The landowner considers himself not a man, but a kind of deity. Or, at least, a person of the highest rank. It is in the order of things for him to enjoy the fruits of other people's labor and not even think about it.

The peasants of the "wild landowner" languish from hard work and cruel need. Tormented by oppression, the peasants finally prayed: “Lord! It is easier for us to be abyss with little children than to toil like this all our lives! " God heard them, and "there was no peasant in the entire space of the possessions of the stupid landowner."

At first it seemed to the master that he would now live well without the peasants. And all the noble guests of the landowner approved of his decision: “- Oh, how good it is! - the generals praise the landowner, - so now you will not have this servile smell at all? "Not at all," the landowner replies. "

It seems that the hero is not aware of the pitiful nature of his position. The landowner only indulges in dreams, which are empty in their essence: “and so he walks, walks from room to room, then sits down and sits down. And everything thinks. He thinks what kind of cars he will write from England, so that everything is by ferry and by ferry, and the servile spirit so that there is not at all; he thinks what a fruitful garden he will plant: here there will be pears, plums ... "Without his peasants, the" wild landowner "only did so that his" loose, white, crumbly body "was not living.

It is at this moment that the culmination of the tale begins. Without his peasants, the landlord, who cannot even move a finger without a peasant, begins to run wild. In the Shchedrin fairy tale cycle, full scope is given for the development of the motive for reincarnation. It was the grotesque in describing the process of the landowner's savagery that helped the writer to show with all clarity how the greedy representatives of the "conducting class" can turn into real wild animals.

But if in folk tales the process of transformation itself is not depicted, then Saltykov reproduces it in all details and details. This is the satirist's unique artistic invention. It can be called a grotesque portrait: the landowner, completely feral after the fantastic disappearance of the peasants, turns into a primitive man. “All of him, from head to toe, has overgrown with hair, like the ancient Esau ... and his nails have become like iron,” Saltykov-Shchedrin slowly narrates. - He stopped blowing his nose for a long time, walked more and more on all fours and was even surprised that he had not noticed before that this way of walking was the most decent and most convenient. He even lost the ability to pronounce articulate sounds and learned some special victory cry, a middle between whistling, hissing and barking. "

Under the new conditions, all the severity of the landowner lost its strength. He became helpless like a little child. Now even “the little mouse was smart and understood that the landowner could not do any harm to him without Senka. He only wagged his tail in response to the menacing exclamation of the landowner, and in a moment he was already looking at him from under the sofa, as if saying: wait, you stupid landowner! it's only the beginning! I will not only eat cards, but I will also eat your robe, as you grease it properly! "

Thus, in the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" is shown the degradation of man, the impoverishment of his spiritual world (and was he even in this case ?!), the withering away of all human qualities.
This can be explained very simply. In his fairy tales, as in his satire, for all their tragic gloom and accusatory severity, Saltykov remained a moralist and enlightener. Showing the horror of human fall and its most sinister vices, he nevertheless believed that in the future there would be a moral revival of society and times of social and spiritual harmony would come.

"Wild landowner" analysis of the work - theme, idea, genre, plot, composition, heroes, problems and other issues are disclosed in this article.

Appearing simultaneously with "The Tale of How ...", the tale "The Wild Landowner" (1869) reflected the post-reform situation of temporarily liable peasants. Its beginning is reminiscent of the introductory part of "The Tale ...". In the magazine version, the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" also had a subtitle: "Written from the words of the landowner Svet-lookov." The fabulous inception in it, as in the Tale, is replaced by an assertion about the "stupidity" of the landowner (compare with the "frivolity" of the generals). If the generals read Moskovskie vedomosti, the landowner read the newspaper Vest. In a comic form, with the help of hyperbole, the real relationship between the landowner and the peasants in post-reform Russia is depicted. The emancipation of the peasants looks like only a fiction, the landowner "reduced ... them so that there is nowhere to stick out his nose." But this is not enough for him, he appeals to the Almighty, so that He can deliver him from the men. The landowner gets what he wants, but not because God fulfills his request, but because He heard the prayer of the peasants and freed them from the landowner.

Loneliness soon bothers the landlord. Using the fairytale technique of threefold repetition, Shchedrin depicts the meeting of the hero of the fairy tale with the actor Sadovsky (the intersection of real and fantastic time), four generals and a police captain. The landowner tells all of them about the metamorphoses that are happening to him, and everyone calls him stupid. Shchedrin ironically describes the landowner's reflections on whether his "inflexibility" is indeed "stupidity and insanity." But the hero is not destined to receive an answer to this question, the process of his degradation is already irreversible.

At first, he powerlessly scares the mouse, then grows hair from head to toe, begins to walk on all fours, loses the ability to articulate, and makes friends with the bear. Using exaggeration, interweaving real facts and fantastic situations, Shchedrin creates a grotesque image. The life of the landowner, his behavior is implausible, while his social function (the serf owner, the former owner of the peasants) is quite real. The grotesque in the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner" helps to convey the inhumanity and unnaturalness of what is happening. And if the peasants, "installed" in their habitat, painlessly return to their usual way of life, then the landowner now "yearns for his former life in the woods." Shchedrin reminds the reader that his hero is "still alive". Consequently, the system of relations between the landowner and the people, which was the object of Shchedrin's satirical depiction, was still alive.

Saltykov-Shchedrin's fairy tales, intended for adults, introduce the peculiarities of Russian society better than historical works. The story of the wild landowner is similar to an ordinary fairy tale, but it combines reality with fiction. The landowner, who has become the hero of the story, often reads the actually existing reactionary newspaper "Vest".

Left alone, the landowner at first rejoices that his wish has come true. Later comes the realization of one's own stupidity. The arrogant guests, without hesitation, talk about stupidity to him, realizing that the landlord has only candy canes left of the treats. The same is the official opinion of the police officer who collects taxes, who understands the inseparability of peasant taxes from the stability of the state.

But the landowner does not listen to the voice of reason and does not listen to other people's advice. He remains firm in spirit and dreams of fantastic foreign cars intended to replace men. The naive dreamer does not realize that in reality he is not able to wash himself. He is completely helpless, as he cannot do anything.

The tale ends sadly: the stubborn man grows hair, gets on all fours and starts throwing himself at people. It turned out that the noble gentleman outside had the essence of a simple being. He remained human as long as food was brought to him on a plate and dressed in clean clothes.

The higher authorities decided to return the peasants to the estate so that they work, pay taxes to the treasury and produce food for their owners.

And the landowner remained wild forever. He was caught, cleaned, but he still gravitates towards forest life and does not like to wash. Such is the hero: the lord in the serf world, but guarded by a simple peasant Senka.

The author laughs at the mores of Russian society. He sympathizes with the peasants and accuses them of excessive patience and obedience. At the same time, the writer demonstrates the impotence of the landowners who cannot live without servants. The tales of Saltykov-Shchedrin call for respect for the people, which is the foundation that supports the well-being of such landowners.

Option 2

Saltykov-Shchedrin wrote his famous work, which was named "The Wild Landowner", in 1869. There he examines quite topical issues, relevant both at that time and now. For him, the genre of fairy tales is central, which he writes far from for children. The author confronts the tragic with the comical in his work, uses such techniques as the grotesque and hyperbole, as well as the Aesopian language. Thus, he ridicules the autocracy and serfdom, which still exist in the country.

In the center of events is an ordinary landowner who has a special pride in the fact that noble blood flows in his veins. Its purpose is simply to pamper the body, relax and be yourself. He actually rests and he can afford such a way of life only thanks to the peasants, to whom he treats very cruelly, he cannot even bear the spirit of ordinary peasants.

And now the desire of the landowner is fulfilled, and he remains alone, while God fulfilled not the desire of the landowner, but the desire of the peasants, who are completely exhausted from constant control and supervision.

Thus, Shchedrin makes fun of the share of the Russian people, which is quite difficult. Only after a while the hero realizes that he has done a real stupidity.

And at the end, the landowner has completely gone wild, inside the highest human being, the most ordinary animal is hiding, which lives only for the sake of fulfilling its desires.

The hero recovered in a serf society, and a simple Russian peasant named Senka will take care of him.

The tale "The Wild Landowner" is one of the brilliant works of the writer working in the genre of satire. He has to ridicule the socio-political system, he has to expose the existing mores and types of society in which there is a rather strange morality that is not subject to comprehension. It shows how helpless the landowners are, who are constantly looked after by ordinary serfs. All this is ridiculed by the author, who is forced to live in such a society, it is difficult for him to cope with the existing situation, so he tries to show its absurdity, to condemn what is happening in society.

Analysis of the Wild Landowner

One of the best works of Saltykov-Shchedrin was published in 1869 and it is called the fairy tale "The Wild Landowner". This work can be attributed to the satire genre. Why a fairy tale? The author chose this genre for a reason, thus he bypassed the censorship. The heroes of the work do not have names. A kind of hint from the author that the landowner is a prefabricated image and meets many landowners in Russia in the 19th century. Well, take the rest of the heroes, men and Senka, they are peasants. The author brings up a very interesting topic. The main thing for the author is that the peasant, honest and hardworking people are always superior in everything than the nobles.

Thanks to the fairy tale genre, the author's work is very simple and full of irony and various artistic details. With the help of details, the author can very clearly convey the images of the heroes. For example, he calls the landowner stupid and soft. Who did not know grief and enjoyed life.

The main problem of this work is the difficult life of the common people. In the author's tale, the landowner acts as a soulless and tough monster, he only does what humiliates the poor peasants and tries to take even the last away from them. The peasants prayed, they had nothing else to do, they, like people, wanted a normal life. The landowner wanted to get rid of them, and in the end, God fulfilled the desire of the peasants to live better and the desire of the landowner to get rid of the peasants. After that, it becomes clear that all the luxurious life of the landowner is provided by the peasants. With the disappearance of "slaves", life has changed, now the landowner has become like an animal. He changed outwardly, became scarier, overgrown, stopped eating normally. The men disappeared and life changed bright colors to gray and dull ones. Even spending time as before, in entertainment, the landowner feels that all the same it is all wrong. The author reveals the real meaning of the work, which relates to real life. The boyars and landowners oppress the peasants, they do not read them for people. But, in the absence of "slaves" they cannot live a normal life, because it is the peasants and workers who provide all the good for them personally and for the country. And the upper strata of society, apart from problems and troubles, do not bear anything else.

The people in this work, namely the peasants, are honest people, open and loving to work. With the help of their labor, the landowner lived happily ever after. By the way, the author shows the peasants not just as one thoughtless crowd, but as intelligent and discerning people. In this work, justice is very important for the peasants. They did not consider such an attitude towards themselves to be fair and therefore asked God for help.

Saltykov-Shchedrin directly respects the peasants, which he shows in the work. This can be seen very clearly when the landowner disappeared and lived without peasants and at the time when he returned. As a result, it turns out that the author brings the reader to one true opinion. Not high henchmen, not officials decide the fate of the country and each of the landowners, namely the peasants. They hold all the well-being and all the benefits of rich people. This is the main idea of ​​the work.

The theme of serfdom and the life of the peasantry played an important role in the work of Saltykov-Shchedrin. The writer could not openly protest against the existing system. Saltykov-Shchedrin hides merciless criticism of autocracy behind fairy-tale motives. He wrote his political tales from 1883 to 1886. In them, the ambassador truthfully reflected the life of Russia, in which despotic and omnipotent landowners destroy hardworking peasants.

In this tale, Saltykov-Shchedrin reflects on the boundless power of the landowners, who in every possible way mock the peasants, imagining themselves to be almost gods. The writer also speaks of the landowner's stupidity and over-education: "That landowner was stupid, he read the newspaper" News "and his body was soft, white and crumbly." The disenfranchised position of the peasantry in tsarist Russia Shchedrin also reflects in this tale: "Luchina did not become a peasant to light in the world, the rod is gone, how can you sweep the hut." The main idea of ​​the tale was that the landowner cannot and cannot live without the peasant, and the landowner dreamed of work only in nightmares. So in this tale, the landowner, who had no idea about work, becomes a dirty and wild beast. After all the peasants had abandoned him, the landowner never even washed his face: "Yes, I have been walking around unwashed for many days!"

The writer caustically ridicules all this negligence of the master class. The life of a landowner without a peasant far from resembles normal human life.

The master became so wild that "he grew hair from head to toe, his nails became like iron, he even lost the ability to pronounce articulate sounds. But he has not yet acquired a tail." Life without peasants in the district itself was disrupted: “no one brings taxes, no one drinks wine in taverns.” “Normal” life begins in the district only when the peasants return to it. In the image of This one landowner, Saltykov-Shchedrin showed the life of all masters in Russia. And the final words of the tale are addressed to every landowner: "He lays out grandpasiance, longs for his former life in the woods, he washes only under compulsion and hums from time to time."

This tale is full of folk motives, close to Russian folklore. There are no sophisticated words in it, but there are simple Russian words: "said and done", "muzhik trousers", etc. Saltykov-Shchedrin sympathizes with the people. He believes that the torment of the peasants is not endless, and freedom will triumph.