This is what they call her in her home country and abroad. Like the Danish writer, Lindgren's fairy-tale works are close to folk art, the connection between fantasy and the truth of life is felt in them. And the fabulous, the magic is born in Lindgren's books from the game, from the invention of the child himself.

Astrid Ericsson was born on November 14, 1907 on a farm near the town of Vimmerby in the family of a farmer. The girl studied well at school, and the literature teacher liked her compositions so much that he read her the glory of Selma Lagerlöf, the famous Swedish novelist.

Astrid Lindgren jokingly recalled that one of the reasons that prompted her to write were the cold Stockholm winters, the illness of Karin's daughter, who kept asking her mother to tell her something. It was then that mom and daughter came up with a mischievous girl with red pigtails.

Then there were the stories about Malysh and Karlson (), Rasmus the tramp (1956), the trilogy about Emil from Lenneberg (), the books "The Brothers Lionheart" (1979), "Ronya, the robber's daughter" (1981), etc. Her books loved not only by children, but also by adults from all over the world.

Lindgren devoted almost all of her books to children (only a few to youth). “I haven’t written any books for adults and I think I’ll never do that,” Astrid said emphatically. She, along with the heroes of the books, taught "if children live, that" if you do not live out of habit, the whole life will be a day! "

Soviet readers discovered Astrid Lindgren back in the 1950s, and her first book translated into Russian was the story "The Kid and Carlson Who Lives on the Roof".

Do you know where the world's only monument to this fat man with a propeller on his back is located? Not Stockholm or Malmo, but in Odessa. It is installed in the courtyard of the Dominion company, well-known in Odessa. The owner of the company, German Naumovich Kogan, fell in love with a good friend of children from childhood and erected a monument to him.

Every year, in September, Karlson's birthday is celebrated near it, to which orphans from the nearest orphanages are invited. On behalf of the birthday boy, they are treated to fruits, sweets and, of course, the favorite dish of the fairytale hero - jam from a large glass jar.

Among the most important are the GH Andersen Prize, the Lewis Carroll Prize, UNESCO awards, various governments, and the Silver Bear. Lindgren not only wrote books, but also actively fought for the rights of children. She believed that they should be raised without corporal punishment and violence.

* Named one of the minor planets. * There will be Astrid Lindgren Street in Stockholm. * International Traveling Book Exhibition. * In 2000, the Swedes named their compatriot "Woman of the Century".

This town was the site of the announcement of the winners of the annual Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award for Writings for Children and Young People, a decision taken by the Swedish government after the death of Astrid Lindgren.

Britt-Marie pours out his soul Cherstin and I Pippi settles in the villa "Chicken" Pippi is going on the road Kalle Blumkvist plays We are all from Bullerby Pippi in the country of fun Again about the children from Bullerby Little Nils Carlson Boyish Kaisa (or: Kaisa Zadorochka) Katie in America Kalle Blumkvist is at risk Lives merrily in Bullerby Kati in Italy Kalle Blumkvist and Rasmus Mio, my Mio! Kati in Paris Kid and Carlson, who lives on the roof Rasmus the tramp Rasmus, Pontus and the Foolish Children from Buzoter Street Sunny meadow (or: Southern meadow) Madiken Lotta from Buzoter Street Carlson, who lives on the roof, Emil flew in from Lönneberg again. the island of Salkrok New tricks of Emil from Lönneberg Carlson, who lives on the roof, plays pranks again Emil from Lönneberg is still alive! My inventions * Samuel August from Sevedstorp and Hannah from Hult Madiken and Pims from Junibakken Pippi Longstocking arranges a Christmas tree * Ronya, the robber's daughter How little Ida decided to play pranks * Emile's leprosy 325 * "Let's not be trifling," said Emil * from Assenneberga * Lisabeth shoved a pea into her nose * Books marked with * were not published in Russian.

1950 Good night, Tramp! 1950 My gold (Golden girl - another translation) 1950 Who is higher! 1950 Kaisa Zadorochka (Lively Kaisa - another translation) 1950 Merit 1950 Some animals for Kalya-Paralytica (Something alive for Kalya-kolchenozhka - another translation) 1950 Pelle moves to the toilet 1950 Småland bullfighter 1950 Older sister and younger brother 1950 Under cherries 1950 A few words about Sammelagusta 1954 Mio, my Mio! (+ Ukrainian translation) 1956 Rasmus the tramp (+ Ukrainian translation) 1957 Rasmus, Pontus and the Fool 1973 Brothers Lionheart (+ another translation, + Ukrainian translation) 1981 Roni, the robber's daughter (Ronya, the robber's daughter - another translation, + Ukrainian version of the translation) Samuel August from Sevedstorp and Hannah from Hult (the story of A. Lindgren's parents)

1949 Beloved Sister 1949 In the Land Between Light and Dark (In a Twilight Land - another translation) 1949 There are no robbers in the forest! (There are no robbers in the forest - another translation) 1949 Mirabelle (Mirabelle - another translation) 1949 Little Nils Carlson (+ another translation) 1949 Peter and Petra (+ another translation) 1949 The Merry Cuckoo (Girlfriend Cuckoo - another translation) 1949 One night in May, Elf and a handkerchief) 1949 The princess who did not want to play with dolls (The princess who did not want to play with dolls - another translation) 1959 Juncker Niels from Eka 1959 Does my linden ring, does my nightingale sing ... (Does it sound my linden, is the nightingale singing - another translation) 1959 Sunny meadow (South Meadow - another translation) 1959 Knock-knock (Knock-knock-knock - another translation)

1968 Kid and Carlson (dir. Boris Stepantsov) 1968 Kid and Karlson Boris Stepantsov 1970 Carlson returned (dir. Boris Stepantsev) 1970 Carlson returned Boris Stepantsev 1971 Kid and Karlson, who lives on the roof (dir. Valentin Pluchek, Margarita Mikaelyan), film -play 1971 The Kid and Karlson who lives on the roof Valentin Pluchek Margarita Mikaelyan 1974 Emil from Lenneberg (directed by Olle Hellbom) 1974 Emil from Lenneberg 1976 Adventures of Kalle the detective (directed by Arunas Zhebrunas) 1976 Adventures of Kalle the detective Arunasnoe Heart (directed by Olle Hellbom) 1977 The Lionheart Brothers 1978 Rasmus the Tramp (film) (directed by Maria Muat) 1978 Rasmus the Tramp (film) Maria Muat 1984 Pippi Longstocking (directed by Margarita Mikaelyan) 1984 Pippi Longstocking Margarita Mikaelyan 1985 Tricks of the tomboy (1985) dir.Varis Brasla) 1985 Tricks of the tomboy Varis Brasla 1987 Mio, my Mio (dir., Vladimir Grammatikov) 1987 Mio, my Mio Vladimir Grammatikov

The works of Astrid Lindgren are known to every reader in our country since childhood. First of all - a book about "Little Boy and Carlson". In addition to the story, translated into Russian by L. Lungina, the Swedish writer has created a number of wonderful children's works.

Astrid Lindgren: A Brief Biography

The writer was born in 1907. Her parents had nothing to do with either art or literature. They were peasants. The future writer became the second child in the family. Later, she called her childhood happy. The writer argued that it was the early years, spent in an atmosphere of love and understanding, that served as a source for literary creativity. Astrid Lindgren's works are imbued with kindness and wisdom.

Creative way

What works did Astrid Lindgren write? To this question in our country, each reader will name the above-mentioned book about the adventures of the Kid and Carlson or "Pippi Longstocking". Most are not so well known outside their homeland. Few people in Russia also know how many works Astrid Lindgren wrote.

Pippi Longstocking was created in 1945. By the way, during the war years, Lindgren wrote several kind and instructive fairy tales. And in 1945, the writer was offered the position of editor in a children's publishing house. Here she worked until the early seventies. At the same time, she combined her work with literary creativity. The charming character who loves jam the most was created by the writer in 1955. Two years later, Astrid Lindgren's work was translated into Russian.

Theatrical performances and film adaptations

The works of Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren (this is how the full name of the writer sounds) has inspired directors many times, and not only in Sweden. In 1969 the premiere of the play "Carlson" took place at the Stockholm theater. Since then, performances based on the works of Astrid Lindgren, the list of which is presented below, have been staged in cities in Europe and the United States. In Sweden, the writer is known primarily for films and television series based on her books.

List of works for children

Astrid Lindgren wrote books, the titles of which, translated into Russian, sound as follows:

• « Peppy settles at the Chicken Villa.
• "The famous detective Kalle Blumkvist".
• "We are all from Bullerby."
• "Brothers Lionheart".
• "Katy in America".
• "Mirabel".
• “About Lotta from Gorlastaya Street”.

This is not a complete list. In total, the Swedish writer has created more than thirty works for young readers. Let's talk about some of them.

Book "Brothers Lionheart"

The book is about two brave brothers, with whom so many unusual things happened that you can neither tell in a fairy tale nor describe with a pen. Yunathan and Karl, thirteen and nine years old, are ordinary boys, no different from their peers. But still there is something unique in them, however, as in all Lindgren's characters.

Little Karl is seriously ill, everyone around is sure that Miss Leyon will soon lose her son. She lost. Only not Karl, but a healthy, kind, beloved Yunathan, who gave so much hope. Karl also died soon after. What is it like for a poor mother to lose both sons?

In life, this would be the end of the story. But in the fairy tale by Astrid Lindgren, everything is not so simple. The reader continues to watch Yunathan and Karl. Where? In Nangiyal. Few have heard of this country. However, small Swedish children know everything about it, and are not at all afraid to get there. In Nangiyala, brothers begin a new life full of fun and joy. However, evil does not sleep even in a fairyland. Gloomy events interrupt the peaceful existence of all the inhabitants of Nangiyala.

"Super Snooper Kalle Blomkvist"

Astrid Lindgren in this book tells how a little boy named Kalle Blomkvist from a little-known Swedish town dreams of becoming a famous detective. Like, for example, Sherlock Holmes or Hercule Poirot. Together with his friends, he constantly gets into various troubles. Little detectives manage to solve any difficult questions. After all, Kalle knows all the spy tricks, and his loyal and devoted friends are always with him.

"Madiken"

This is a work by Astrid Lindgren about a naughty girl who is impossible not to love. The book consists of two parts:

1. "Madiken".
2. "Madiken and Pims from Junibakken".

Each part contains nine to ten stories. From the story, the reader learns not only about the girl herself and her family, but also plunge into the atmosphere of the Swedish province, get acquainted with the traditions and customs of this country.

"Katy in Paris"

The book is intended for children of middle and senior school age. Despite the fact that in the last part of the trilogy about Katya, the main character gets married and has a child, girls read the story with pleasure twelve-thirteen years. All events are described by the author with childlike spontaneity and by no means a mature look at what is happening.

There is a lot of informative material in this work of Astrid Lindgren. Young readers will learn about the sights of Paris, about the history of this city. Together with the heroes, they travel by car from Sweden through Denmark and Germany to France.

"Little Nils Carlson"

The name of this hero evokes associations with the name of a well-known character. However, Nils Carlson does not live on the roof, but in the basement. The writer told in this book a story about a little boy Bertila, whose parents work too hard. He sees them only in the morning and evening.

One day a child saw under his bed a tiny man who lived in a rat's hole. This was Nils Carlson. He knows how to talk, and he can also make Bertil as small as himself, and then turn him back into an ordinary boy. And this is where amazing adventures begin.

Bertil goes down to the rat hole to visit his new friend. They have fun all day, cleaning the house and doing other useful things. Even eating food has turned into a fun game. Now the boy Bertil is not at all bored, just like the Kid after meeting Carlson.

"Mirabel"

Astrid Lindgren wrote not only works of large forms. There are also small fairy tales in her work. "Mirabelle" refers to those. This piece is a kind, cute fairy tale for girls. According to readers, this is an incredibly instructive and kind book.

The story is told in the first person - from the person of a girl who has an unusual doll named Mirabelle. This is a dynamic tale about the friendship between a child and a doll, about how they had fun.

"We are all from Bullerby"

This work is called the kindest book by Astrid Lindgren. Bullerby is a small Swedish village. There are only three houses here. It was in such a small settlement that the famous writer grew up, the creator of one of the most popular characters in the USSR. Her early memories formed the basis of this book. The story is told from the perspective of a girl who has two brothers. Her peers live in another house. Ulle, a small resident of the third house, the only child in the family. He has no brother or sister. Fortunately, there are true friends.

"Madiken"

In this book, Astrid Lindgren tells the story of Madiken, a young resident of a small village. Events take place at the beginning of the last century. She lives with her parents, sister Lizabeth, a servant and a dog named Sassi. The prototypes of some of the characters from A. Lindgren's stories are taken from life. Part of this book autobiographical.

Madiken is friends with the neighbor boy Abbe, who is already fifteen years old, and dreams of marrying him. Abbe's family is very poor, he needs to work and has no time to entertain little Madiken. The main character is only eight. The author draws the readers' attention to Madiken's relationship with people living below the poverty line. An eight-year-old girl asks the question, "Is poverty helpless?" ...

"Pippi Longstocking"

The heroine of this work is well known to readers thanks to the Soviet film adaptation. Peppy is the happiest child in the world. She has her own live horse and a real monkey. The girl does not go to school, there are no prohibitions in her world. Peppy is very rich - she has a whole suitcase of money. She is also very generous - she constantly gives gifts to everyone. Children are jealous of Peppy's life. And adults understand how deeply unhappy the child is, who so early in this life was left all alone, without dad and mom.

Astrid Lindgren was a member of the Social Democratic Party all her life. She was characterized by a desire for equality, a caring attitude towards others. For many years she was engaged in social activities. In her speeches, Lindgren advocated pacifistic beliefs, more than once opposed violent methods in raising children. The writer passed away in 2002.

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1. Formation of creative views Astrid Lindgren

Astrid Lindgren (November 14, 1907 - January 28, 2002, Stockholm), Swedish writer. Stories for children "Pippi - Long Stocking" (1945-52), about Little Boy and Carlson (1955-68), "Rasmus the Tramp" (1956), about Emil from Lenneberg (1963-1970), "Brothers Lionheart" (1979), "Ronya, the robber's daughter" (1981) are imbued with humanism. The fantastic adventures of its heroes, distinguished by their spontaneity, inquisitiveness and mischief, take place in the real world with its sharp contradictions.

Lindgren was born into a family of farmers "in an old red house in the back of an apple orchard." Even at school she was predicted the future of the writer, calling her "The Seventh Lagerlef with Vimmerby"; she promised herself not to write, just not to be like someone else. In 1941, her daughter fell ill, and when her mother had used up the entire store of stories, she asked, giving an unexpectedly strange name: "Tell me about Pippi Long Stocking." The unusual name made me come up with the most unusual heroine. But Lindgren was in no hurry to publish the story.

In 1944 she fell ill herself and processed her oral stories, donating one copy to her daughter, and sending the second to the publishing house. As Lindgren had hoped, the publishing house, shocked by the extraordinary character and abilities of the heroine, who can raise a horse with one hand and eat a whole cake at once, and, in addition, laughs at benefactors and generally behaves amazingly, rejected the manuscript. But in 1945, Lindgren won the prize for the book Britt-Marie's Heart Clasped, then the following year, the revised version of Peppy was also removed. The Adventures of the Famous Investigator Kalle Blumkvist (1946) was the next book to be awarded the prize again.

Lindgren became a professional writer. She believed that childhood gave her the material that later entered her works. Tramps, who repeatedly asked to sleep with her parents, made her think already in childhood that not all people have their own roof, their stories expanded her worldview, taught to see that the world is inhabited not only by good people. The theme of the struggle between good and evil, one of the leading in her works, was born even then. The writer believed that “you cannot sit and invent some stories. You need to immerse yourself in your own childhood. " Only then can you write something that awakens the child's imagination. And she considered this the most important task of literature, only inherent in it, because neither cinema nor television leaves room for imagination.

Imagination, Lindgren quite rightly believed, is the most important ability of mankind, "after all, everything great that ever appeared in this world was born first in the human imagination." In addition, a book for children should develop children's faith in the ability to create a miracle, in its very existence. But the miracle in Lindgren's works is always born from reality itself, as in the story of Little Boy and Carlson, who lives on the roof.

Lindgren did not openly express her program, but tried to contribute to the democratization of public relations with her creativity, she wanted to see a world without war, where children would not suffer. She wrote for children, and therefore her ideas take on a form that children can understand. So, in the fairy tale-story "Mio, my Mio!" the hero opposes the evil knight Kato, and the Lionheart brother fights against the tyrant Tengil. In the works of Lindgren, about medieval times, it is not only about the struggle between good and evil, as in all fairy tales of all times. In the traits of the enemies of the writer's goodies and in the descriptions of the countries they rule, the features of fascism are clearly visible, and the characters themselves are similar to modern Swedes.

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The largest works of Lindgren are fairy tales: "Pippi Longstocking" ("Boken om Pippi Langs-trump", 1945-1946), "Mio, my Mio" (1954), "The Kid and Carlson Who Lives on the Daxy" (" Lillebror och Karlsson pa Taket ", 1955 - 1968)," Brothers Lionheart "(" Brodema Lejon-hjarta ", 1973) ...

Specificity of Lindgren's fairy-tale craftsmanship

The specificity of Lindgren's fabulous skill lies in the fact that she created fairy tales where real modern boys and girls suddenly acquire fabulous properties, like the poor, abandoned girl Peppi, or live a double life in an ordinary Swedish city of the XX century. with the phone, going to school like a Kid; with poverty and misfortune, like Brother Lionheart; orphaned like Mio; at the same time they have a second world - a fabulous, fantastic one.

Here they are either powerful and heroic themselves (Mio, Brother Lionheart), or they have supernatural helpers and friends, like the Kid, whose friend Carlson becomes. Fairy tale heroes of the past flew on airplane carpets, in flying chests, etc. Children of the XX century, familiar with the aircraft of our time, guess the motors, propellers, control buttons. Lindgren's fantasy itself is a world created by the imagination of a contemporary child. Carlson's ideas, for example, are pranks that are possible for an ordinary child with a developed imagination. Lindgren never moralizes. She makes her little readers see the bad in the examples available to them. The writer's soft humor creates a special kind atmosphere, where there is no opportunity for the triumph of the evil principle.

The inevitability of the final victory of good is also inherent in Lindgren's stories for youth, and their heroes are the same dreamers, like the heroes of fairy tales. Kalle Blumkvist imagines himself a famous investigator, plays with his friends in the War of the Red and White Roses. Rasmus the Tramp idealizes the life of homeless beggars. Lindgren also educates his readers in stories about real events: the war of the Red and White Roses is waged between friends according to the rules of highly interpreted chivalry, it is filled with inexhaustible inventiveness of adolescents, destroys obstacles; Rasmus understands the true nature of vagabonds.

However, Lindgren did not abandon trolls, elves, brownies or spiritualizations of the forces of nature, mountains or objects, but this traditionally fantastic is combined with a change in reality as a child's fantasy. In her tales, Lindgren followed G.K. Andersen, who knew how to tell amazing stories about ordinary objects, for S. Lagerlef, who combined in one work a textbook about the nature of Sweden, the real life of a little boy Niels and the history of a goose flock. However, it does not repeat its predecessors. Lindgren, introducing the reader into the circle of the child's fantasies and emotions, teaches adults to respect his inner world, to see him as a person.

The main characters of the fairy tales by Astrid Lindgren

The largest works of Lindgren are fairy tales: "Pippi Longstocking" ("Boken om Pippi Langs-trump", 1945-1946), "Mio, my Mio" (1954), "The Kid and Carlson Who Lives on the Daxy" (" Lillebror och Karlsson pa Taket ", 1955 - 1968)," The Brothers Lionheart "(" Brodema Lejon-hjarta ", 1973), as well as the story for children and youth" The Adventures of the famous investigator Kalle Blumkvist "(" Masterdetektiven Blomqvist lever farligt " 1946-1953), "Rasmus the Tramp" ("Rasmus pa Luffen", 1956) and the trilogy about Emil from Lenneberg ("Emil in Lonneberga", 1963-1970). Lindgren did not openly express her program, but wanted to contribute to the democratization of social relations with her creativity, she wanted to see a world without war, where children would suffer. She wrote for children, and therefore his ideas take on a form that children can understand. So, in the fairy tale-story “Mio, my Mio!” The hero opposes the evil knight Kato, and the Lionheart brothers fight against the tyrant Tengil. in all fairy tales of all times.In the features of the opponents of the writer's good characters and in the descriptions of the countries they rule, the features of fascism are clearly visible, and the characters themselves are similar to modern Swedes.

The specificity of Lindgren's fabulous skill is that she created fairy tales, fairy tales, where real modern boys and girls suddenly acquire fabulous properties, like the poor, abandoned girl Pippi, or live a double life in an ordinary Swedish city of the 20th century. with the phone, going to school like a Kid, with poverty and hardship like the Lionheart brothers; orphaned like Mio; time they have another world - fabulous, fantastic. Here they are either powerful and heroic themselves (Mio, take the Lionheart), or they can have helpers and friends endowed with supernatural powers, like the Kid, whose friend Carlson becomes. The fairytale heroes of the past flew on airplane carpets, near flying chests, etc. Children of the 20th century, are familiar with the flying machines of our time, they come up with engines, propellers, control buttons. Lindgren's fiction itself is a world created by the imagination of a contemporary child. Carlson's tricks, for example, are pampering, which an ordinary child with a developed imagination can do. Lindgren never moralizes. She makes her little readers see the bad in the examples available to them. The writer's soft humor creates a special kind atmosphere, where there is no opportunity for the triumph of the evil of the beginning.

The inevitability of the final victory of good is also inherent in Lindgren's stories for youth, and their heroes are the same dreamers, like the heroes of fairy tales. Kalle Blumkvist imagines himself a famous investigator, plays with his friends in the war of the Scarlet and White Rose. Rasmus the vagabond idealizes the life of the homeless beggar. Lindgren also educates his readers in stories about real events: the war of the Scarlet and White Roses is waged between friends according to the rules of highly interpreted chivalry, it is full of inexhaustible inventiveness of adolescents, destroys the state of obstacles; Rasmus understands the true nature of vagabonds. However, Lindgren did not abandon trolls, elves, brownies or the spiritualization of the forces of nature, mountains or objects, but this traditionally fantastic is combined in her with a change in reality with a child's fantasy. In her tales, Lindgren followed G.K. Andersen, who knew how to tell amazing stories about nayprosy subjects, for S. Lagerlef, who combined in one work a textbook on the nature of Sweden, the real life of a little boy Niels and the story of a goose flock. However, it does not repeat its predecessors. Lindgren, introducing the reader into the circle of the child's fantasies and emotions, teaches adults to respect his inner world, to see him as a person.

Pippi Longstocking is the central character in a series of books by Swedish writer Astrid Lindgren.

Peppy is a little red-haired freckled girl who lives alone in the "Chicken" villa in a small Swedish town with her animals: the monkey Mr. Nilsson and the horse. Peppy is the daughter of Captain Ephraim Longstocking, who later became the leader of the black tribe. From her father, Pippi inherited fantastic physical strength, as well as a suitcase with gold, which allows her to exist comfortably. Peppy's mother died when she was still a baby. Peppy is sure that she has become an angel and is looking at her from heaven ("My mother is an angel, and my father is a Negro king. Not every child has such noble parents").

Pippi "adopts", but rather, comes up with various customs from different countries and parts of the world: when walking, back up, walk the streets upside down, "because your feet are hot when you walk on a volcano, and you can put on your hands in mittens."

Peppy's best friends are Tommy and Annika Söttergren, children of ordinary Swedish people. In Peppy's company, they often get into trouble and funny alterations, and sometimes - real adventures. Attempts by friends or adults to influence disorderly Pippi do not lead to anything: she does not go to school, is illiterate, familiar, and always writes fables. However, Pippi has a kind heart and a good sense of humor.

Pippi Longstocking is one of Astrid Lindgren's most fantastic heroines. She is independent and does whatever she wants. For example, she sleeps with her feet on the pillow and with her head under the covers, wears colorful stockings when she returns home, backs away because she doesn't want to turn around, rolls the dough right on the floor and keeps the horse on the veranda.

She is incredibly strong and agile, even though she is only nine years old. She carries her own horse in her arms, defeats the famous circus strongman, scatters a whole company of hooligans to the sides, breaks off the horns of a ferocious bull, deftly exposes two police officers from her own house who came to her to forcibly take her to the orphanage, and instantly throws two onto the closet smashed the thieves who decided to rob her. However, there is no cruelty in Pippi's reprisals. She is extremely generous to her defeated enemies. She treats the disgraced police with freshly baked gingerbread in the shape of hearts. And the embarrassed thieves who have worked out their intrusion into a strange house by dancing with Pippi Twist all night, she generously rewards with gold coins, this time honestly earned.

Peppy is not only extremely strong, she is also incredibly rich. It costs her nothing to buy for all the children in the city "a hundred kilos of candy" and a whole toy store, but she herself lives in an old dilapidated house, wears a single dress made from colorful patches, and the only pair of shoes her father bought her "for growth." ...

But the most amazing thing about Pippi is her bright and violent fantasy, which manifests itself in the games that she comes up with, and in amazing stories about different countries where she visited with her dad-captain, and in endless practical jokes, the victims of which become idiots -adults. Pippi takes any of his stories to the point of absurdity: a mischievous maid bites guests by the legs, a long-eared Chinese man hides under his ears in the rain, and a capricious child refuses to eat from May to October. Peppy gets very upset if someone says that she is lying, because lying is not good, she just sometimes forgets about it.

Peppy is a child's dream of strength and nobility, wealth and generosity, freedom and selflessness. But for some reason the adults Pippi do not understand. And the pharmacist, and the school teacher, and the director of the circus, and even the mother of Tommy and Annika are angry with her, teach, educate. Apparently, therefore, more than anything in the world, Pippi does not want to grow up:

“Adults never have fun. They always have a lot of boring jobs, stupid dresses and cumin taxes. And they are also crammed with prejudice and all sorts of nonsense. They think it’s a terrible misfortune if you put a knife in your mouth while eating, and so on. ”

But "who said that you need to become an adult?" No one can force Peppy to do what she does not want!

The books about Pippi Longstocking are full of optimism and constant faith in the very best.

And the last thing that needs to be said: about the influence of Astrid Lindgren on Russian children's literature. It should be admitted that the very existence of the Swedish writer’s wonderful books raised the bar for quality in children's literature, changed the attitude towards children's books as second-class literature, the creation of which does not require excessive efforts from the writer, if only it was neat and funny (and edifying). Of course, Astrid Lindgren was not alone in this struggle for a good children's book, but her authority and personal example did a lot to strengthen the high demands on literature for children.

Astrid Lindgren left an amazing legacy - a talented and varied contemporary children's literature, which - and this is no exaggeration - came out of her books. Thank her for this wonderful magical gift to all of us.

Astrid Lindgren's books are also good because you want to return to them, you want to reread them not only in childhood, but in adulthood. These are fairy tales and at the same time they are stories about children, those who live in the neighboring yard. There is nothing fantastic in them, they just know how to dream, fantasize, see inaccessible to adults.

The best and most famous representative of the modern genre of fairy tales in children's literature, not only in Scandinavia, but throughout the world is Astrid Lindgren. Her books have been translated into more than 50 languages, including Russian.

The future writer grew up in a peasant family on a farm in the province of Småland. A modest clerk from Stockholm, she entered literature in the late forties as the author of stories for children and young people. Among Lindgren's first books are Pippi Longstocking (1945), The Famous Detective Kalle Blomkvist trilogy (1946), The Dangerous Life of Kalle

Blomkvist "(1951)," Kalle Blomkvist and Rasmus "(1953); "Mio, my Mio!" (1954). Then they saw the light of the trilogy about Malysh and Carlson, about Emil from Lönneberg, the books "The Lionheart Brothers" (1973), "Ronya, the robber's daughter" (1981). Lindgren's heroes are known to children not only from books, but also from film adaptations and theatrical performances.

The Swedish writer diversified the genre palette of modern fairy tales, creating social, everyday, detective-adventure, heroic-romantic works. Her collection of fairy tales "Sunny Meadow" and the fairy tale story "Mio, my Mio!" Are close to folklore.

The peculiarity of Lindgren's fairy tales is that she puts the child - the reader or the storyteller - in the place of the hero of the fairy tale. After all, children tend to play in others, they are lonely and uncomfortable in the indifferent world of adults. From the most magical fairy tale in its traditional understanding, the writer's work remains like a longing for this fairy tale, a thirst for magic. So, Prince Mio is in reality a child deprived of love and affection who wants to have a father. And it is in his fairy tale that he receives paternal love, friendship, and the fulfillment of his cherished desires. The Kid felt the same lonely and unhappy, to whom the funny and good-natured fat man Carlson, inexhaustible for inventions, began to fly, and the Lionheart brothers, moving from a painful everyday life to a magical land. But even in such a magical land, nothing is given for free. The writer makes her little heroes make efforts, encourages them to act, to take action. This is exactly what happens to Prince Mio, who managed to defeat the evil knight Kato.

In the fairy tale "Mio, my Mio!" nature itself also lives and acts. Animals, grasses, trees, mountains help Mio and his friend. Captivating descriptions of nature make the modern storyteller related to Andersen and Topelius. Here are poplars with silvery leaves, their tops resting on the very sky, so that the stars are lit right at their tops. Here are marvelous snow-white horses with golden manes and hooves. Magic shepherd's flutes help friends in trouble, the spoon feeds itself, the invisibility cloak saves from persecution, that is, all the folklore symbolism is present here. And the old well whispers folk tales to the little heroes in the evenings. And at the same time, everyday life and reality are constantly mixed with the fabulous atmosphere. It is difficult, scary for the boy Mio, at times he despairs and cries, but still accomplishes his feat, becoming a real hero.

Lindgren's fairy tales differ from folklore origins in their great psychologism, detailed development of characters. However, their endings, as in the story of Mio, lead to the traditional moral lesson: the victory over the evil knight took place thanks to love and friendship.

Childhood, as the writer said in an interview, is not age, but a state of mind. Therefore, her fairy tales are addressed not only to children, but also to adults, and speak with children in a serious, "adult" language. A similar attitude towards children, the ability to talk with them about important adult problems is manifested in many of Lindgren's works. So, the book "The Lionheart Brothers" tells about the inevitability of death, about the loss of loved ones. The fight for justice is led by Pippi: kind and resourceful, she knows how to protect the weak and the offended. The harsh reality is shown in Rasmus the Tramp, which deals with an orphanage. The social aspect is constantly present in Lindgren's work, and the writer believes that children should be told the truth, even when it comes to the most difficult and unpleasant things. In the case of Rasmus, reality dispels the child's rosy dreams of vagrancy. At first, Rasmus has fun with the real adult vagabond Oscar, but then he sees what kind of life it is: hunger, lack of rights, cruel treatment of others. The life of a tramp is a "dog's" life. And only having found his home and family, Rasmus understands what true happiness is: “With his small, dirty, thin hand, Rasmus stroked the logs of his own home” - this is how this story ends.

With her hero Emil Astrid Lindgren returns back to the farm, to the country of her childhood, drawing funny and ridiculous pranks of this cheerful boy: "Emil from Lönneberg", (1963) "New tricks of Emil from Lönneberg" (1966), "Emil from Lönneberg! " (1970). More romantic is the tale "Ronya, the robber's daughter" - about two children, a boy and a girl. The heroes, in spite of the enmity separating their parents, the fierce robbers, carry friendship and mutual loyalty through all trials. Young Romeo and Juliet do not die in the fight against evil, but emerge victorious from it. Astrid Lindgren's children represent the hope for goodness and justice. The theme of love for nature, closeness to it and the ability to live in it sounds again in this book.

Drawing on folklore traditions and using the best examples of the literary tale of the past, Astrid Lindgren has created a modern fairytale world of childhood with very real features: loneliness, orphanhood, social problems of a big city, but also help, compassion, friendship, joy and laughter.