Hits The Beatles. BITLS Group: Biography briefly, the composition of The Beatles group, history

The most popular musical team of all times and peoples - The Beatles. Today it seems that The Beatles were always. Their unusual style can not be confused with any other group. They can not be loved and not to listen, but not to know.

The Guinness Book of Records claims that the world-famous song Yesterday was made by the largest number of cover-versions in the entire history of recording. And how many times it was fulfilled from the time of its writing, and it is difficult to calculate at all. None of the compiled lists of "songs of all times and peoples" do not cost without the compositions of The Beatles. In addition, every second musician admits that his work influenced Liverpool Four and her songs. It is impossible to imagine the musical world without Bitles.

And if you remember all the awards and ranks received by the group for almost 10 years of existence, the list will be long and impressive. However, The Beatles are not the first and not the best. They are unique. In this article we will tell the BEATLES group creation history And about how Liverpool Four went to success.

Simple music of the yards

The history of Beatles began at the time when England was literally covered by the epidemic of creating musical groups. In the late 50s most popular and publicly available direction was Skeffle - a bizarre combination of jazz, English folka and the American country. In order to get into the group, it was necessary to play a banjo, guitar or a lump harmonica. Well, or in extreme cases, on the washing board, which often replaced the drum musicians. All this was able. However, the Great Elvis had a real idol, and it was the King of Rock and Roll inspired a "difficult teenager" in music. So in 1956, John with his school buddies created his first brainchild - The Quarrymen. Of course, they also played Skiffle. And at one of the parties, friends introduced them with Paul McCartney. This left-handed guy not only played a rock and roll guitar, but also knew how to configure her! And he, like Lennon, tried to compose.

After two weeks, a new acquaintance was invited to the group, and he agreed. So the unsurpassed author's duet Lennon was born - McCartney, who was destined to shake the world. However, it happened a little later. Despite the fact that one was a hooligan, and the other is a "exemplary boy," they were perfectly well and spent a lot of time together. And soon they were joined by a friend Paul - George Harrison, who did not just play the guitar. He played her very well. Meanwhile, the "school ensemble" remained in the past, and the time to choose a further life path. All three without a doubt chose music. And they began to look for a new name and drummer, without which the real group could not be.

In search of gold

The name was looking for a long time. It also happened that it had already changed the next evening. It was difficult to send to producers: it turned out too long (for example, Johnny and Lunar Dogs), then too short - "rainbow". And here in the 1960s, finally, they find the final option: The Beatles. At the same time, a fourth participant appeared in the group. They became Stewart Satcliffe. By the way, he was not at all going to be a musician, but he not only had to buy a bass guitar, but also to learn how to play it.

The group quite successfully performed in Liverpool, a little toured through the United Kingdom, but until nothing foreshadowed world fame. The first "foreign departure" was the invitation to go to Hamburg, where the English Rock and Roll was very in demand. To do this, urgently had to find the drummers. So the "Bitles" joined Pete Best. The first tour was held in truly extreme conditions: many hours of work, household unpleasurities and in the end - deportation from the country.

But despite this, after a year, The Beatles went to Hamburg again. This time everything was much better, but they returned to their homeland for a quartet - Satcliffe for personal reasons preferred to remain in Germany. The next "forge of mastery" for the musicians was the Liverpool Cavern club, on the stage of which in two years (1961 -1963) they made 262 times.

Meanwhile, The Beatles grew. However, the group during this period performs mostly foreign hits, from rock and roll to folk songs, and John and Paul's joint creativity still will be reproached "on the table". The situation has changed only when the group finally appeared its own producer - Brian Epstein.

Bitomania as an epidemic

Before acquaintance with The Beatles, Epsteen traded with plates. But one day, interested in a new group, he suddenly decided to engage in its promotion. It was love at first sight. However, the owners of recording companies did not share the hopes of producer on the success of his Liverpool Protege. And yet in 1962, EMI agreed to sign a contract with the Beatles with the condition to release at least four singles. A serious level of studio work forced the group to change the drummer. So in the history of the Bitles ensemble entered the forever Ringo Starr.

And after a year, the group released her debut album "Please Please Me" (1963). The material was recorded at the studio hardly in one day, and in the list of tracks on a par with "other people's" hits stood songs signed by "Lennon - McCartney." By the way, an agreement on a double signature under the created songs was adopted at the very beginning of cooperation and existed to the very collapse of the group, despite the fact that the last songs of Lennon and McCartney were no longer written in collaboration.

In 1963, "Bitles" released the second album "With the beatles" and were in the epicenter of glory. Again the performance on the radio and TV, tour and work in the studio. The British Islands embraced Bitleania, which evil tongues began to be called no other than the "National Hysteria". Crowds of fans scored concert halls, stadiums and even the streets adjacent to the place of performance. Those who have not had the opportunity to get to the performance of the group were ready to stand for hours only in order to see idols at least one eye.

At concerts, sometimes there was such noise that the musicians did not hear themselves. But it was impossible to curb this squall. It remained to wait when the wave itself goes to the decline. In 1964, the epidemic spread over the ocean - The Beatles conquered America.

The next two years have passed in a very tense rhythm - a dense touring schedule, the release of albums (from 1964 to 1966 they were recorded as many as 5!), Shooting in the cinema and search for new forms and sounds. At a certain point it became clear that it could not be continued so further and something should be changed.

Family album

The group's image was thought of immaculately: suits, hairstyles, temperament and habits - embodied ideal. And of course, thousands of women around the world went crazy about these guys! On the stage, in photographs, in the cinema - always together. Meanwhile, their personal life, if possible, was hidden from the eye of fans. However, here there were no reasons for scandals and speculation, rather, everything was like a quiet feat. To imagine that with a crazy work, the "bit" had enough time on the family, quite difficult.

The first of the quartet married John Lennon. It happened in 1962, and in April 1963 he had a son of Julian. However, this marriage, alas, ended in divorce in 1968. By this time, Lennon was in love with an extravagant Japanese Japanese, which was destined to become the most famous of the Bitlove wives (in some way she influenced the history of the BITLS group of development).

They were combined with a marriage in 1969, and after another 6 years they had the son of Sean. For the sake of his upbringing, John left the scene for half of the years, but, however, this is another story - after the Beatles.

The second "married idol" was the Ringo Starr. His marriage with Morin Cox was happy. She gave him three children, but here, unfortunately, a divorce happened 10 years later. The second attempt of the drummer to find love was also unsuccessful.

George Harrison and Patty Boyd became husband and wife in January 1966. Here, first, too, everything was fine, but also this pair was destined to part. In 1974, Patty left her husband to his friend - an equally famous musician Eric Clapton. George married the second time in 1979, on his secretary Olivia Ariece, and this marriage turned out to be happy.

When in 1967 Paul McCartney and Jane Escher finally declared the world about his engagement, no one assumed that six months later the engagement would be terminated on the initiative of the groom. However, after a year, Paul married American Linda Eastman, with which he lived for a long time and happily, until death separated them in 1999.

By the way, biographers write that Linda, like Yoko, the rest of the "Beatles" did not love. And all because these women were considered possible to interfere in the group's affairs, which, according to musicians, did not follow at all.

A walk to the movies

The first "game" film involving The Beatles was removed in just 8 weeks and was called the "evening of a hard day" (1964). In essence, the legendary four did not have to invent anything and play - the plot of the film looks like a "peeped episode from life." Touring road, access to the scene, annoying fans, a little humor and a little bit of philosophy - everything is as in life. However, the film was successful and even was nominated for Oscar twice.

The following year, experience was decided to repeat, and the light saw the second film with the participation of the superstar - "to the rescue!" (1965). As in the case of the first film, in the same year the same album was almost immediately released - Soundtrack. The third experiment "Bitles" in the cinema was hand drawn - the legendary Four became the heroes of the good, although several psychedelic cartoon Yellow Submarine (1968). And already by tradition, the soundtrack came out with a separate album, though, a year later.

And in the history of the Beatles, it was that they tried to shoot a movie on their own, and so the film "Magic Mysterious Journey" (1967) appeared. But he did not get much success in the viewer, however, as criticism.

Hard day's Night

Album "SGT. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band "(" Orchestra Club Lonely Hearts Sergeant Pepper "), who came out in 1967, Critics consider the top of creativity in the history of The Beatles. By this time, the group, tired of concerts and tour, completely switched to the studio work - the last "alive" concert in England was played in April 1966. The group was crisis in the group. Bitlam wanted individual projects, finding a new and, most likely, resting from the burden of fame. The first blow was the sudden death of Brian Epstine in August 1967. It was impossible to find an equal replacement for him, and the groups of the band became worse. However, the combined efforts still managed to record three more albums: "White Album" (1968), "Abbey Road" (1968) and "Let IT Be" (1970).

In April 1970, McCartney released the first solo album and immediately after that gave an interview that was actually a manifesto about the end in history of the BEATLES group. And after almost 10 years, the musicians again began to think about to revive their glorified group. However, this was not destined to happen - on December 8, 1980, American psycho shot John Lennon. Together with him died and the hope that the story of the Beatles will continue, and the team will again fit on the same stage. The greatest group of all times and peoples became a legend. No one from those who tried to repeat their success, this could not be done.

Secret Dossier: History of the Bitles Russian Spill

Entry in the USSR "Beatlam" was closed. But their incendiary songs leaked even for the "iron curtain". " The Beatles listened at night, wrote on X-ray film and bobble tape recorders. In their texts were taught English. And at the very beginning of the 80s in one St. Petersburg university (Ligitmik) suddenly arose a "group of comrades", which wanted to be like The Beatles. By the autumn of the 1982, they are determined by the title - "Secret", and begin to seek the drummers (small, but curious coincidence). The Birthday of the group is considered to be April 20, 1983. Then the "main composition" was determined - Maxim Leonidov, Nikolai Fomenko, Andrei Zabludovsky and Alexey Murashov. As well as Beatles, in the group they sing everything except the drummer.

The development of bit quartet occurred in the Soviet flavor - at that time most of the musicians-informal, except for music, would certainly have to learn or work. So, Leonidov and Fomenko were tightly busy in training performances, Murashov studied in Geofak, and Zabludovsky worked at the factory. Immediately there was a place for a feat - novice rockers rehearsed in the morning from 7 to 9 and at lunchtime. In the summer of 1993, the "secret" enters the Leningrad Rock Club, and ... everything is postponed, because half of the group is taken into the army. Success to the group came by himself - in the form of an invitation of Leonidov on Liretva as the lead program "turns". At this time, a whole "bundle" of hits was written: "Sarah Barabu", "Your Dad was right." "My love is on the fifth floor." Of course, the team is immediately trying to infant "Soviet battles", but in this label - only part of the truth. The group is not "tracing" famous The Beatles. This is not blind imitation and not plagiarism. What makes on the scene "Secret" is rather thin stylization under the Liverpool Four, an elegant acting game. Yes, there is something in common, and just as simple and melodic songs written on all the same "eternal themes". But still, the Bit Quartet "Secret" is successful not due to this "common with great." They, like Bitles, are independent and very recognizable.

1985 was fruitful for a group. In the summer, as part of the Festival of Youth and Students, the "Secret" concert was held, and suddenly it turned out that the group was terribly popular. Almost immediately after that, the Bit Quartet participates in the shooting of the first Soviet video "How to Become Star", and by autumn - an unprecedented surge of concert activities. In 1986, the Bit Quartet fans alone in the country create official fanclub. The following five years, the group is at the peak of popularity - albums are recorded: "Secret" (1987) - Disk has become twice platinum!; "Leningrad time" (1989), "Orchestra on the way" (1991). In 1990, the composition of the quartet is experiencing changes - Maxim Leonides leaves to Israel. But some time the group does not give positions. However, gradually it changes under the influence of time and circumstances. And at the same time goes to no "game in Beatles". However, even if the group has changed or ceased to exist, always written and sung songs always remain. They are unchanged, and the romantic atmosphere of the 60s is perfectly preserved in them.

• It is said that John Lennon saw the future name in a dream. As if he was a man who was embraced by a flame, and commanded to change the letters in the title - The Beetles ("Beetles") to work out the Beatles.
• There is a fairly large group of fans, which is confident that Paul McCartney died in a car accident in November 1966. And the man who gives himself for Bitla is his double. The proof of their rightful takes not one page of the text - the masters of lovers analyze the words, songs and covers of albums and point out countless "secret signs", indicating that at the time of the release of the floor albums was no longer alive, and the beatles it was Thoroughly hid. Sir McCartney himself this grand mismatch refuses to comment.
• In 2008, the Israeli authorities admitted that in the 60s did not let the Beatles in the country, fearing their "decomposing influence on young people."
• In June 1965, The Beatles awarded the Order of the British Empire "For its contribution to the development of British culture and its popularization around the world." Before no musician received such a high award, and it caused a scandal. Many of the cavaliers wished to return their award to "not stand in the same row with pop idols." After 4 years, Lennon returned his order in protest against British politics during the Vietnam War.
• It took place on August 22, 1969 in the Tittenhrst Park, where the estate of John Lennon was located.

John Lennon was 15 years old when he, in 1956, created his first musical group and was, in the full sense, a team of lovers. In July 1957, when the musicians played in the garden of the Church of St. Peter (Liverpool's city), Paul McCartney heard them. A week after that, the floor was already a member of the group.
In 1958, the year, on the Council of Paul, John invites George Harrison guitarist. These three musicians and endured the constant backbone of the group.

In the summer of 1960, the group, which was also included, Stuart Satcliffe and Pete Best, have already played in the club "Indra" (Hamburg), but soon they switched to the Kaiserkeller club, which is much more popular with young people. In Hamburg, they stayed 4.5 months, becoming a rather experienced team during this time, which with the same ease performed her and other songs. In 1961, in the spring, Satcliffe left the group, giving his bass guitar McCartney.

In July 1961, the chief of the company parphone offered Beatlam to conclude a contract for a year, with the obligation to release four singles, but at the same time put the condition that they would change the drummer. This condition coincided with the opinion of Paul, George and John, who have long received the consent of the Ringo Starre on the entry into the group.
On August 18, 61, the Bitles group first made a new striker, whose name was Ringo Starr.

In February 1962, interrupting his tour of the tour, "Bitles" at a time, for 585 minutes managed to fully record the album "Please Please Me", which went on sale in March of the same year, and in April he headed all the hit parades for half a year . Benefit bitleania, however, it is customary to consider1963 y year, October month, when they at the concert in the Palladium hall gathered the full hall and fifteen a million-line audience of the viewers and after the concert to the car were made through the police surrounded by the police.

On November 22, 1963, the group comes out the second album, "With the beatles", which established the world, at that time, a record for the number of preliminary purchase requests (there were three hundred thousand). The Americans, however, until some pursuits did not take a group seriously So far, at the end of 1963, the single "I Want To Hold You Hand" did not come out. At the beginning of the 64th year, Bitlomania finally moved outside the ocean, taking first place in the Cach Box magazine chart.

From October to November 1964, there were touring groups in 27 mi cities of Britain. In February 1965, the shooting of the second film of the group began, called "Help", whose premiere was held on July 29th, and on August 6th an album was released with the same name.

In August, the same, 64 years old, the musicians went to their tour of America for the second time. After a couple of weeks after they went, a very significant event took place: the Bitles were visiting the King of Rock and Roll Elvis, with whom they even recorded several compositions on a magnetic tape, but in no prince, nor after, they are have not been published. The fracture, both in the history of the music of the rock, and in the history of the group, was the summer of 65 year, when their music from entertaining became very serious. The year of acquiring the individuality of the Group is considered to be 66 oh, when each of the musicians began to write songs independently. The album called "Revolver", meanwhile, was the leader of all the charts on both sides of the ocean.

The BITLZ Group has made a great contribution to the development of rock music and has become a bright phenomenon of world culture of the sixties of the twentieth century. In this article, we will learn not only the history of the group "Beatles".

The biography of each participant after the collapse of the legendary team will also be considered.

Start (1956-1960)

When did the BITLS group arose? Biography and creativity of the team are already interested in several generations of fans. The history of the group's emergence can be started with the formation of the music tastes of the participants.

In the spring of 1956, the leader of the future star team, John Lennon, first heard one of Elvis Presley's songs. And this song, Heartbreak Hotel, turned the whole life of a young man. Lennon played Banjo and Garmoshka, but the new music made him take up the guitar.

The biography of the Bitles group in Russian usually begins with the first group organized by Lennon. With school friends, he created the Kuorrimmen team, named after their educational institution. Teenagers played Squoff, a variety of amateur British rock and roll.

On one of the speeches of the Lennon group and met Paul McCartney, who surprised the guy with the knowledge of chords of the most recent songs and high musical development. And from the spring of 1958, George Harrison joined them, a gender friend. The trinity became a bone of the group. They were invited to play at parties and weddings, but to real concerts did not affect.

Inspired by the example of Rock and Roll's pioneers, Eddie Kokrann and Buddy Holly, Paul and John decided to write songs themselves and play guitars. The texts they wrote together and gave them a double authorship.

In 1959, a new participant appeared in the group - Stuart Satcliffe, Lennon's friend. The group composition was almost formed: Satcliffe (Bass-Guitar), Harrison (leader guitar), McCartney (vocals, guitar, piano), Lennon (vocals, rhythm guitar). There was not enough drummer.

Name

Briefly about the group "Beatles" to tell it difficult, even the story of the emergence of such a simple and short name of the group is fascinated. When the team began to integrate into the concert life of the native city, they needed a new name, because they had no relation to school. In addition, the group began to perform at various contests of talents.

For example, at the 1959 television competition, the team appealed under the name Johnny and The Moondogs ("Johnny and Moon Dogs"). And the origin of the Beatles has appeared several months later, in the early 1960s. Who came up with him, is unknown, most likely, Satcliffe and Lennon, who wanted to take a word, having several values.

When pronuncified, the name sounds like beeetles, that is, beetles. And when writing, the BEAT root is visible - as bit-music, the trendy direction of the rock and roll, which emerged in the 1960s. However, promoters believed that this name was not catchy and too short, so the guys were called on the bills as Long John and The Silver Beetles ("Long-Silver John and Silver Beetles").

Hamburg (1960-1962)

The mastery of musicians grew, but they remained just one of the many musical groups of their native city. Biography of the group "Beatles", the brief content of which you started to read, continues to move the team to Hamburg.

Young musicians played the fact that numerous Hamburg clubs needed English-speaking groups, and several teams from Liverpool have proven well. In the summer of 1960, Beatles received an invitation to come to Hamburg. It was already a serious work, so the quartet had to urgently look for the drummer. So in the group appeared Pete Best.

The first concert took place the day after arrival. For several months, the musicians honed their skills in Hamburg clubs. They had to play music from different styles and destinations for a long time - rock and roll, blues, rhythm and blues, folk pop and folk songs. It can be said that in many respects thanks to the experience gained in Hamburg, and the group "Beatles" took place. The team's biography worried her dawn.

In just two years, Bitles gave about 800 concerts in Hamburg and raised their skills from the level of lovers to professionals. Bitles did not perform their own songs, concentrating on the compositions of famous performers.

In Hamburg, the musicians met students of a local art college. One of the student, Astrid Kirger, began to meet with Satcliffe and actively participate in the life of the group. This girl offered guys new hairstyles - combed on the forehead and ears hair, and later characteristic jackets without lapels and collars.

Beitles who returned to Liverpool were no longer lovers, they became one row with the most popular groups. It was then that they met the Ringo Starr, the drummer of a competing team.

After returning to Hamburg, the first professional record of the group took place. The musicians accompanied the rock and roll singer Tony Sheridan. The quartet recorded several own songs. This time, their name was The Beat Brothers ("Bit-Brother"), and not "Beatles".

Biography Brief Satcliffe continued exit from the team. Upon completion of the tour, he refused to return to Liverpool, deciding to stay with his girlfriend in Hamburg. A year later, Satcliffe died of hemorrhage into the brain.

First success (1962-1963)

The group returned to England and began to perform in Liverpool clubs. On July 27, 1961, the first significant concert took place in the hall, which became a major success. In November, the group had a manager - Brian Epstein.

He met with George Martin, producer of a large label, which showed interest in the group. Demozymes, he was not quite satisfied, but the live young people fascinated him. The first contract was signed.

However, the producer and the group manager were unhappy with Pita. They believed that he did not reach the overall level, in addition, the musician refused to make branded hairstyle, maintain the common style of the team and often conflicted with other participants. Despite the fact that Best has become popular with fans, it was decided to replace it. The drummer's place was taken by Ringo Starr.

Ironically, it was with this drummer who recorded an amateur plate in Hamburg for its own funds. Walking around the city, the guys met the Ringo (Na Bel was not with them) and went into one of the street studios to record a few songs just for fun.

In September 1962, the Group recorded the first single - Love Me Do, which became very popular. The trick of the manager - Epstein was played by a big role here for his own funds bought ten thousand plates than raised sales and caused interest.

In October, the first television speech was held - the broadcast of one of the concerts in Manchester. Soon the second single Please Please Me was recorded, and in February 1963 in 13 o'clock the same album was recorded, which included a cover version of popular songs and its own compositions. In November of the same year, sales of the second album with the beatles started.

So a period of mad popularity began, which the group "Beatles" survived. Biography, brief history of the novice team, ended. The history of the legendary group begins.

The birth of the term "bitleania" is considered to be 13 October 1963 in London, in the Palladium hall, a group concert was held, which was broadcast to the whole country. But thousands of fans chose to gather around the concert hall in the hope of seeing musicians. Beytlam had to wade into the car with the help of policemen.

The height of Bitleania (1963-1964)

In Britain, the Quartet had mad popularity, but in America the singles of the group were not published, since the British groups usually did not have much success. The manager managed to conclude a contract with a small firm, but the records were not seen.

How did you get on the big American scene the group "Beatles"? The biography (brief) the team says that everything has changed when the musical critic of the famous newspaper listened to the single I Want to Hold Your Hand, is already quite popular in England, and called the musicians "the greatest composers after Beethoven." Next month, the group was on the tops of the charts.

"Bitleania" stepped over the ocean. In the first arrival of the group in America musicians at the airport there were several thousand fans. "Beatles" gave 3 large concerts and performed on TV show. Behind them watched all of America.

In March 1964, the quartet began to create a new album a Hard Day "S Night and the Music Movie Simony. And the Single Chan't BUY Me Love / You Can't do this month has set the world record for the number of preliminary applications.

On August 19, 1964, a full-fledged tour of North America started. The group gave 31 concerts in 24 cities. Initially, it was planned to visit 23 cities, but the owner of the basketball club from Kazas City offered 150 thousand dollars to the musicians for a half-hour concert (usually ensemble received 25-30 thousand).

Tours went through hard for musicians. They were as if in prison, completely isolated from the outside world. Places where the beatles stayed around the clock the crowds of fans hoped to see idols.

Concert platforms were huge, low quality equipment. The musicians did not hear each other and even themselves, were often knocked out, but the spectators did not hear this and have not seen anything, since the scene for security reasons was established very far. It was necessary to perform on a clear program, no question of improvisation and experiments on the scene could have been talking.

Yesterday and lost recordings (1964-1965)

After returning to London, work began on the album Beatles For Sale, which included borrowed and own songs. A week after the publication, he flew to the tops of the charts.

In July 1965, the second film Help was released!, And in August album with the same name. It was in this album that the most famous song of the Yesterday team was entered, which became a classic of popular music. Today more than two thousand interpretations of this composition are known.

The author of the famous melody was Paul McCartney. He composed music at the beginning of the year, the words appeared later. He called SCRAMBLED EGG composition, because, writing her, sought SCRAMBLED Egg, How I Love A Scrambled Egg ... ("scrambled eggs, like I love scrambled eggs"). The song was recorded under the accompaniment of the string quartet, from the participants of the group at the same time only the floor participated.

In the second American tour, which started in August, an event occurred, which still does not give rest to music lovers around the world. What did the Bitles group do? Biography briefly describes that the musicians visited Elvis Presley himself. Stars not only talked, but also played a few songs that were recorded on the tape recorder.

The records were never published, and their location could not be installed with musical agents from around the world. The cost of these records today is impossible to evaluate.

New directions (1965-1966)

In 1965, many groups came to a large scene, which accounted for decent competition "Beatles". The group has begun to create a new album Rubber Soul. This plate marked a new era in rock music. In the songs began to appear elements of surrealism and mystics, which the Bitles group is known.

Biography (brief) tells that at the same time, scandals began to occur around the musicians. In July 1966, the Group participants refused to receive official reception, which caused a conflict from the first lady. The philipilities that were intimidated by this fact did not break the musicians, they had literally to carry legs. The tour administrator was very beaten, the quartet was pushing and almost disappeared to the aircraft.

The second large scandal broke out when John Lennon said in one of the interviews that Christianity dies, and the beatles today are more popular Jesus. Protest shares rolled in the United States, the groups of the group were burned. The leader of the collective under pressure brought apologized for his words.

Despite the trouble, in 1966, Revolver album came out, one of the best albums of the group. His distinctive feature is that the musical compositions were complex and did not intend to perform the exemption. Now "Bitles" became the studio group. Exhausted by touring, musicians refused concert activity. In the same year the last concerts were held. Music critics called the album ingenious and were confident that the quartet would not be able to create anything perfect.

However, in early 1967, the Single Strawberry Fields Forever / Penny Lane was recorded. The record of this plate lasted 129 days (compare with a 13-hour record of the first album), the studio worked literally around the clock. The single was extremely complicated in a musical plan and had simply deafening success, was on top of the hit parade 88 weeks.

White album (1967-1968)

In 1967, the "Beatles" speech was broadcast for the whole world. It could see 400 million people. The television series ALL YOU NEED IS LOVE was recorded. After this triumph of the business of the team went to the decline. The role of the "Fifth Beatla", the manager of the Brian Epstine group, as a result of the overdose of sleeping pills played the role of this. He was only 32. Epstein was an important member of the Bitles team. The biography of the group after his death has undergone major changes.

For the first time, the group received the first negative reviews relating to the new Magical Mystery Tour film. Many complaints caused the fact that the tape was released only in the color version, while most people had only black and white TVs. Soundtrack is released in the form of a mini album.

In 1968, Apple was responsible for the release of albums, so announced the BITLS group, whose biography continued. In January 1969, the cartoon "Yellow Submarine" and the soundtrack to it was released. In August - Single Hey Jude, one of the best in the history of the group. And in 1968 the famous Album The Beatles came out, more famous as a white album. He got such a name, since his cover was snow-white, with a simple print name. Fans accepted him perfectly, but critics were no longer delighted.

This plate marked the beginning of the group decay. Ringo Starr left the team for a while, several songs were recorded without him. Barabanov's party performed McCartney. Harrison was busy with solo work. The situation was heated and because of the wife of John Lennon, Yoko, which was present in the studio constantly and was annoying the participants of the group.

Disintegration (1969-1970)

In early 1969, musicians had many plans. They were going to release an album, a film telling about their studio work, and a book. Paul McCartney composed the GET Back song ("Return"), which gave the name to the whole project. The group "Beatles", the biography of which began so at ease, approaching decay.

The participants of the group wanted to show the atmosphere of fun and ease, which reigned on performances in Hamburg, but it was not possible. Many songs were recorded, but only five selected, a lot of lots are shown. The last record was to be filming an improvised concert on the roof of the recording studio. He was interrupted by the police called local residents. This concert became the last performance of the group.

On February 3, 1969, a new manager appeared at the collective, Allen Klein. McCartney was sharply opposed, as he believed that his future father would be the best candidate for this role, John Eastman. Paul began a trial against the remaining members of the group. Thus, the group "Beatles", the biography of which is described in this article, began to experience a serious conflict.

Working on an ambitious project was abandoned, but the band still released the Abbey Road album, which included the brilliant composition of George Harrison Something. The musician worked for a long time over it, recorded about 40 ready-made options. The song is put in one row with yesterday.

On January 8, 1970, the last album Let IT Be was released, the material of the failed project of the GET Back project was released by the American producer of Phil Spector. On May 20, a documentary film was published about the team, which by the time the premiere was already collapsed. So ended the biography of Beatles. In Russian, the name of the film sounds like "let it be so."

After decay. John Lennon

The era of "Beatles" ended. The biography of participants continues with solo projects. At the time of the collapse of the group, all participants have already been engaged in independent work. In 1968, two years before the collapse, John Lennon released a joint and wife of Yoko album. He was recorded in one night and at the same time kept music, and a set of various sounds, noise, screams. On the cover of the spouses appeared in nude. In 1969, two more plates were followed by the same plan and a concert record. From the 70th to 75th year 4 music albums were released. After that, the musician stopped appearing in the public, devoting himself to the upbringing of the Son.

In 1980, the last album of Lennon Double Fantasy was published, which was well accepted by critics. A few weeks after the release of the album, December 8, 1980, John Lennon was killed by Mark David Chepman with several shots in the back. In 1984 he saw the light of the Milk and Honey Musician Milk and Honey.

After decay. Paul McCartney

After McCartney left the "Beatles", the biography of the musician acquired a new turn. The gap with the group was hardly reflected in McCartney. At first he retired on a remote farm, where he was worried about depression, but in March 1970, he returned with the material for the McCartney solo album, and soon released the second - RAM.

However, without a group, the floor felt uncertain. He organized the Wings team, which includes his wife Linda. The group existed until 1980 and released 7 albums. As part of the solo career, the musician released 19 albums, the last of which came out in 2013.

After decay. George Harrison

George Harrison, before the collapse of Beatles, released 2 solo albums - Wonderwall Music in 1968 and Electronic Sound in 1969. These plates were experimental and did not have much success. In the third album, All Things Must Pass, entered the compositions written during the "Bitlovsky" period and rejected by other participants in the group. This is the most successful solo album of the musician.

For the whole solo career, after Harrison left the "Bitles", the Biography of the musician enriched at 12 albums and more than 20 singles. He actively participated in charity and made a significant contribution to the popularization of Indian music and he himself accepted Hinduism. Harrison died in 2001, November 29th.

After decay. Ringo Star.

The solo album of the Ringo, the work on which he began as part of Bitles, was released in 1970, but was recognized as a failure. However, in the future, he produced more successful albums, largely due to cooperation with George Harrison. In total, the musician has released 18 studio albums, as well as several concert records and collections. The last album was released in 2015.

Excerpt from the 1963 concert:

Surely there is not a single person in a civilized world, which would ever heard about the group.

The phenomenon of this four is still trying to solve music historians, critics and music lovers.

Is it possible to explain so large-scale popularity and truly folk love for British musicians, who in the 1960s turned the world from the legs on the head.

At the origins of The Beatles

It is impossible to even imagine the culture of the past century without the legendary four. At least 20 years, they were a model for imitating not just musical groups and individual performers, but entire generations of young people. It was them that they managed to inform Europeans love and peace into the exhausted war. It is difficult to overestimate importance in world culture. Could at least one of the members of the group suggest that they take off when they met each other and decided to work together.

And it all started in the previous 1957. Then the young one was completely familiar with a little older. That in his 17 years was the leader of the QUARRYMEN group and the fan of rock and roll. The group adhered to Skiffl's work in his work - it was the British Rock and Roll model. The floor made an impression on a new acquaintance - he knew chords and the words of all rock and roll hits, knew how to play on the pipe and was trained to play the piano. After a few months, they began joint speeches to which one of the friends of Paul McCartney - George Harrison joined. So there was a permanent basis for the future group, and later the bassist Stewart Satcliffe was joined to them - John's homework on an artistic college.

In search of titles

After several performances at urban events, young people decided that they became a cohesive team of like-minded people and began to develop musical skills and skills. Of course, there were no real concerts, there was only a dream about the recording of the record, but it was not embarrassed by ambitious comrades.

The musicians began to actively establish connections to join Liverpool's club life and start concert speeches. They did not miss any more or less significant creative contest, but it did not bring the expected results. And then the guys wondered over the change of the name of the group. First Quarrymen turned into Johnny and The Moondogs, then in Silver Betles, and in the end it became simple. The emergence of this name is still arguing. Beatles themselves said that it was a joint idea of \u200b\u200bJohn and Stewart. They wanted to come up with such a word that would have a double meaning. The basis took beeetles ("Beetles"), and then replaced one letter in it and got beatles. It sounded the same, but Beat root meant bit-music.

It is impossible to unequivocally assert that the name change influenced the activity of the group, but soon after that, the musicians began to receive proposals for performances. In early 1960, the group even went to a small tour of Scotland. They simply needed to break out from a number of numerous nobody famous teams of Liverpool, who performed similar music.

With a new way in a new life

In the summer of 1960, a new stage begins in creativity - the group was invited to speak in Hamburg, which meant that it introduced a magnificent chance to show itself to Europe. Just on the eve of the German tour, long searches of the drummer were crowned with success and Petya adopted pita to the group. A trip to Germany and the first performances of abroad have become a real strength test for the collective. Seven months Bitles spent in Hamburg, where visitors to the Indra Club were first met, and then Kaiserkeller regulars.

Astrid Kirger and The Beatles

The busy schedule did not give musicians to relaxation, concerts in clubs continued non-stop, some groups replaced others, and the Liverpools needed to be constantly improving to disambigate the German public. On the scene, they performed jazz compositions, blues, pop and even folk songs in rock and roll processing. It was the German tour who helped to push the skill of the performers, which immediately noticed music lovers in their hometown.

It happened in a glorious port city Another event in the history of the group. There the musicians got acquainted with a couple of students of the local art college - Claus Formany and Astrid Kirger. The girl soon had romantic relations with Stewart Satcliffe, she also made the first professional photo session of the group in the Hamburg Park, and during their next touring in 1961 he invited musicians to change the image. The transformation was to create new hairstyles with shut-off on the forehead and ears with hair and replacing concert costumes on jackets without lacquers and collars who promoted the famous Pierre Cardin. Thus, Astrid actually became their first real imager.

Era Brian Epstein

In Liverpool, the group began regular speeches at the Cavern club and already claimed the leader in the city. The main competitors of the fourth was the team Rory Storm and the Huricanes. Its participants also came to tour in Hamburg, there were Bitles there and saw their drummer Ringo Starr, who later replaced the Satcliffe-leaning group.

Brian Epstene and The Beatles

During the second prolonged tour in Germany, first made the first professional entry. Then they accompanied Tony Sheridan and got permission to write down several of their songs.

In the Cavern club, Bitlov's speech was noticed by an employee of one of Brian Epstein's stores and took up the promotion of the career of musicians. He led negotiations with several sound recording companies, but they refused to work with a little-known team, but the Parlophone firm risked and concluded a contract with the group.

Later, the producer of the company George Martin confessed that he agreed to work with the team not because of their high professionalism, but solely because of human qualities. The wit, good nature, openness and a little incomingness attracted the masted producer, who led them to the Abbey Road Studio in London.

And then the life of the musicians is spinning as in a kaleidoscope. In October 1962, their first single called "Love Me Do" came out. Brian Epstein went to cunning and bought 10 thousand plates than he created an unprecedented excitement around the group.

Then there were performances on television, which were collected from the screens of multi-million public, concerts, new singles and finally a full-fledged album "Please Please Me" took place. The British National Hit Parade he headed for half a year. So 1963 the real bitleania began.

It did not make long wait and the second album of the Liverpool Four "With the Beatles". And again there was a record - there were 300 thousand preliminary applications to the shops! For the year more than a million copies were sold.

Almost like Beethoven

However, the popularity of quartet in Britain did not affect their positions in America. Sound recording companies were not in a hurry to republish singles of the group, despite all the efforts of aging epstein. The turning point was the output of the plate with the sign of the song "I Want to Hold Your Hand." Forest feedback She was published in the authoritative newspaper The Sunday Times critic Richard Baccuck. Among other things, he put Lennon and McCartney in the list of the greatest composers immediately after. The article did its job, and began a victorious procession of Bitles in America. In early 1964, in the National Chart of the United States from 14 songs five first belonged.

In Motherland, the quartet members continued to record albums, filmed films ("A Hard Day's Night" and "Help!") And wheel with touring worldwide. After the release of the album "Help!" The song "Yesterday" was recognized as one of the greatest musical compositions. It began to perform many ensembles and singers, such interpretations are now numbered about two thousand!

The Beatles - Studio Group

The turning point for rock music was 1965. New performers began to appear, who turned the rock and roll from entertainment in art. And again turned out to be ahead of the planet with their new album "Rubber Soul". Another year later, one of the sign albums of the fourth, "Revolver", which was filled with creativity Sophisticated studio effects and did not intend to concert execution. From this point on, the exhausting tour activities of the team ended and only studio work began.

1966 began a 129-day record of the album "SGT. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, which has become a real triumph of pop music, evolution of the whole genre. But success lasted for a long time, and the groups of the Group were shaken. In 1967, Brian Epstein from the overdose of sleeping pills played a latter role.

The record of the next album "White Album" has become the first signal of the collapse of the group. There were differences between the musicians, they no longer wrote music together, everyone sought to prove their superiority. The new John's wife added to the creative atmosphere, which did not cause sympathies among members of the group.

Sunset at the peak of popularity

It became obvious that the history of the group is nearing the sunset. John Lennon began to perform with a new group (official statements about the care of him persuaded Not to give), Paul McCartney produced his plates. From mid-19969, the group did not compare anything together, but the fans have not yet been suspected. Therefore, McCartney's 1970 statement was argued as thunder that he leaves the group.

It is worth recognizing that the collapse of the team went to his participants. Everyone began an independent creative path and achieved some recognition. Almost no relationships with each other they did not support, the communication was even in a burden.

The murder of Fanatik Lennon in 1980 destroyed the latest hopes of fans about the reunification of the legendary group. Musicians continued to work apart, and began to live in the hearts of music lovers autonomously, without losing popularity and passing the half-century test of time.

FACTS

In 1965, participants received the Order of the British Empire. In the history of Great Britain, this happened for the first time In order for the highest state award to give pop musicians with the wording "for the contribution of the development of British culture and its popularization around the world."

In 1967, 400 million television viewers were able to see the performance in the program "Our World", during which the video version of the single "ALL YOU NEED IS LOVE" was recorded.

The group released in 1969 a full-length cartoon "Yellow Submarine". In the same year, one of the best songs "Hey Jude" appeared, dedicated to the eldest son John Lennon - Juliana.

Beatles Updated: April 9, 2019 by the author: Elena

Beatles. (« Beatles"; Separately, the participants of the ensemble in Russia are called "Bitlas") - the Cult British Rock Group from Liverpool:
John Lennon (Rhythm Guitar, Solo Guitar, Keyboard, Tuben, Maracas, Bass Guitar, Harmonica, Vocal),
Paul McCartney (bass guitar, keyboards, drums, guitar, vocals),
George Harrison (Solo Guitar, Rhythm Guitar, Sitar, Tuben, Keyboard, Vocal),
Ringo Starr (Impact, Tuben, Maracas, Koblel, Bongs, Keyboard, Vocal).

Also at different times, Pete Best (drums, vocals) and Stewart Satcliffe appeared as part of the group (Bass Guitar, Vocal), Jimmy Nicol (drums). The group made an invaluable contribution to the development of rock music. The ensemble not only changed it, but also reached unprecedented popularity, thanks to Beatles. They became one of the brightest phenomena of world culture of the 20th century, selling over 1 billion plates around the world. The appearance, manner of behavior and the beliefs of musicians made them legislators of the style that, together with great popularity, led to the significant influence of the group on the cultural and social revolution of the 1960s. After the collapse of the group that occurred in 1970, each of its participants began the solo career. " Beatles"It is considered the greatest group of all times and peoples.

Origins (1956-1960)

The roots of the ensemble go to the mid-1950, the Rock and Roll Epoch, which formed the worldview and musical tastes of future participants in the group. In the spring of 1956, John Lennon (1940-1980) first heard the song "All Shook Up" Elvis Presley, who, in his words, meant the end of all his former life (it is interesting to note that Bill Haley's heard Bill is the most popular performer Rock-H -Rollah to Presley - he made a smaller impression on him). By that time, John played a lip harmonic and banjo. Now he began to master the guitar. Soon, together with comrades in school, he founded the "The Blackjacks" group, after a week renamed the Quarrymen, named after their school, Quarry Bank. Corerimmen played Squiffs - the British variety of amateur rock and roll - and tried to be like Teddy fighting. In the summer of 1957, Lennon, during one of the first concerts, Kuorrimmen met the 15-year-old Paul McCartney, who struck John Knowledge of Chords and the words of the latest Rock and Roll nails (in particular the songs of Twenty Flight Rock Eddie Kokrane) and the fact that he It was clearly better developed musical (Paul also played on a pipe and piano). In the spring of 1958 for episodic speeches, and from the fall - a friend of Paul, George Harrison (1943-2001) joined them (1943-2001). It was these three who became the main bones of the group, for the rest of the participants, Kuorrimmen Rock and Roll was temporary passion, and soon they disappeared from the team.

Quarrymen episodically played at various parties, weddings, public events, but it did not reach real concerts and records (though, in 1958, they recorded a record with two songs from curiosity in 1958 for his money); Several times the participants diverged (so, Harrison had its own group for some time). Lennon and McCartney, inspired by the example of Buddi Holly and Eddie Kokrane (they were not only sang, but they themselves played the guitars and composed the songs themselves that there was no ubiquitous practice of the music industry of that time), began to write their own songs together, while they decided to give They are double authorship by analogy with American copyright teams like a leiber and a pillar. At the end of 1959, a novice artist Stewart Satcliffe entered the group, with whom Lennon met in his art college. Satcliffe's game did not differ in great skill, which repeatedly caused irritation at demanding McCartney. In this form, the composition of the ensemble was almost completed: John Lennon (vocals, rhythm guitar), Paul McCartney (vocals, piano, rhythm guitar), George Harrison (Solo Guitar), Stewart Satcliffe (bass guitar). However, there was a problem - the absence of a permanent striker, which encouraged the musicians to even arrange comic competitions, inviting the audience as drummers.

Name

By that time, the group actively tried to integrate into the concert club life of Liverpool and the Okrain. Talent contests were followed by one by one, but the group was constantly not lucky. Such - more serious - events forced the musicians to think about the appropriate stage name - to Quarry Bank, none of the participants in the relationship had no longer. For example, at the local television competition in December 1959, the group spoke under the name "Johnny and The Moondogs", which was replaced by others at subsequent concerts. The name "The Beatles" appeared in a few months, in April 1960. Until now, there is no unambiguous answer, who exactly came up with this word. According to the memoirs of the group's participants, Satcliffe and Lennon, who were passionate about the idea, have different meanings at the same time are considered to be the names that have different meanings. For example, the group of Buddy Holly The Crickets was taken for the example, but for the British was the second meaning - "Cricket"). Lennon said that he came up with the name in a dream: "I saw a blazing person who said:" Let there be beetles "." However, just the word Beetles ("Beetles") had no double meaning; Only with the replacement of "E" on "A" appeared the original word: if they have been pronounced, then "beetles" was heard, but if you see him printed, then the root "Beat" immediately rushed into the eyes. Promoters found a name too short and "nonsense", so the musicians were forced to change their name on billboards to more advertising - "Johnny and The Beetles" or "The Silver Beatles" or "The Silver Beatles" or The BEETLES. The group received more and more suggestions to speak - as a rule, in pubs and small clubs. In April 1960, The Beatles went to their first small tour of Scotland as the accompanying group. Their skill as musicians steadily grew, although they continued to remain one of the many unlucky rock and roll groups of Liverpool.

Hamburg (1960-1962)

In the summer of 1960. Beatles. They received an invitation to play in Hamburg, where the owners of clubs were interested in real English-language rock and roll ensembles; The fact that several Liverpool groups have already played in Hamburg, turned out to be on the arm Beatles. However, this forced them to urgently look for a drummer to comply with a professional contract. So they were recruited Pete Best, who was a striker in the Liverpool rock band "The Blackjacks", playing in the club "Casbah". On August 16, Beatles left England, and the next day their first concert took place in the Hamburg club "Indra", in which the group played until October. From October and until the end of November, The Beatles played in the KaiserKeller club.

The schedule of performances was extremely tough: as a rule, one group played in the club one group, another hour is another, for 12 hours. The Beatles participants lived in one close room located in the cinema building. On the stage, musicians had to play a huge amount of material, so in addition to rock and rolls (they were performed by almost all records in a row with albums of Little Richard, Chuck Berry, Charles Perkins and others), they played blues, rhythm and blues, folk songs, Old pop and jazz numbers, modifying them in rock and roll style. Sometimes ordinary songs in the rock and roll format turned into half-hour improvisation; At the same time, the group found that the Germans liked a particularly loud and assertive game. His own songs Beatles. They did not perform, since, according to their confession, there was no stimulus for the same reason - too much there was a suitable material in the surrounding modern music. It is such a daily job and the ability to play music of any genre became one of the defining factors in the formation of the Talent of The Beatles.

In Hamburg, the ensemble participants got acquainted with the group of students of the local art college - Astrid Kirgerr and Claus Fororman, who played a significant role in the biography of the group. Kirger soon became a friend of Satcliffe and it was she who suggested that the Beatles in Hamburg arrival in Hamburg, in the spring of 1961, new hairstyles - hair combed on the forehead and ears, and a little later, the jackets without collars and lackins in Pierre Carden. All these innovations first tried Satcliffe on themselves, and only then they adopted the entire group (although Best never agreed to a long cheek).

Upon returning in December 1960 in Liverpool Beatles. It turned out to be among the most active and ambitious local groups that compete on the repertoire, the sound and the number of fans. Interestingly, all Liverpool groups played almost the same (American) songs, but the competition was also on the principle of which song first "will open" and will make "his". The leaders were considered RORY STORM AND THE HURRICANES, they played in the best clubs of Liverpool, as well as Hamburg - it was there Beatles got acquainted with their drummer - Ringo Strear (real name - Richard Stark), with which they quickly became friends and began to spend time together.

In April 1961, the group went to the second tour to Hamburg, where he performed three months in the club "Top Ten". It was in Hamburg who took place the first professional entry of Beatles - as the accompanying ensemble of the singer Tony Sheridan. Sheridan was positioned as a rock and roll singer for the inner West German market. The recording was held under the guidance of Berta Kemmosphet, which selected Beatles. During the recording, the group allowed to record several of their own compositions (Lennon also sang "AIN'T SHE SWEET"). The first results of the records in August 1961 in Germany in Germany, "My Bonnie / The Saints", with an indication of the artists - Tony Sheridan and ... The Beat Brothers. So for the German market, because of considerations of fraud, they were named the Beatles. At the end of the tour Satcliffe decided to stay in Hamburg with Kirger and, thus, throw his musical activity in the group. Bass-guitar moved to McCartney. After a year, April 10, 1962, Satcliffe died in Hamburg from hemorrhage to the brain.

From the spring of 1961, Epizodically, and from August - regularly, The Beatles began to perform in the Liverpool club "Cavern". In total in 1961-1962, The Beatles came out there 262 times, the last speech took place on August 3, 1962. On July 27, a concert took place in the Liverpool Hall of Litherland Town Hall, which became the first truly major success - the local press called Beatles. The best rock and roll ensemble of Liverpool.

In November 1961, Brian Epstein became the first manager Beatles (helped by the group Allan Williams was not the manager, he only performed the duties of a concert promoter and a tour agent, in any way associated with the obligations with the group).

First Contract (1962)

Over time, Brian Epsteen met with Producer George Martin from the Parlophone label, which belonged to EMI. George showed interest in the group and wanted to see her performance in the studio; He invited a quartet for listening to the London Studio Abbey Road on June 6. It should be noted that as a result, George Martin was not particularly impressed with the first demo records of the group, but immediately loved the Bitles as ordinary people. Recognizing that they had a talent, later Martin spoke in his interview that that day was impressed on him that day, and they themselves are attractive, fun and slightly sauming young people. When Martin asked if there was anything in the studio that they did not like, Harrison replied: "I do not like your tie." Fortunately for " Beatles.", George Martin's joke appreciated: the group was invited to sign the long-awaited record contract, and direct and ingenious answers to the questions became a branded bits conversation at various press conferences and interviews.

George Martin had a problem only with Pita Besset - he believed that Pete was not reaching the general level of the group. As a result, Martin personally Brian Epstayna offered to change the group drummer. Nevertheless, despite its not very good play on the drums, Best was greatly popular among fans, than a little angry with three other participants in the group. Moreover, Pete did not get along with the rest of the beatles because of his individuality - Epsteen was generally in anger (which happened to him infrequently), when Best refused to make himself a branded "Bitlovskaya" hairstyle and approach the general style of the group. As a result, on August 16, 1962, Brian announced that Pete Best leaves the group Beatles.. His place immediately occupied the drummer from the Roury Storm And Harricanes Group (Ring Starm and the Hurricanes), with which Beatles have long been familiar. For the first time having met with Ringo in Hamburg, Bitles, ironically, it was with him that they recorded their first record. In the middle of August 1960, in the private studio "Akustik" "The Beatles" participated in records first in their lives of the record - a demonstration, printed, then all in four copies and designed for reproduction at a speed of 78 revolutions per minute. In fact, it was not their record, but a bass guitarist and vocalist "RORY STORM AND THE HURRICANES" Lou Walters (Lu Walters), who decided to record the songs "Fever", "Summertime", "September Song" and asked "The Beatles " help him. Satcliffe and Best were simply present in the studio, as Walters pretended to play the drum part of the ring.

Soon the work of "The Beatles" in the studio began. Their first sound recording at EMI studios did not bring any results, but at the time of September sessions "The Beatles" recorded and released their first single - "Love Me Do", which was released on October 5, 1962 and reached 17 places in the chart of the music magazine " Record Retailer "- for young musicians a pretty good result. In America, where he was released in May 1964 (just at the height of Bitleania in Britain), the song kept on top of the charts for 18 months. A well-known role was played by the commercial cunning of Brian Epstine, who at his own fear and risk bought 10 thousand copies of the record, than noticeably raised the index of its spreading and attracting new buyers. The first speech of "The Beatles" on television took place on October 17, 1962 in the People and Places program, which broadcast their concert in Manchester, filmed by Granada television company (Granada Television). Soon the group recorded the single "Please Please Me", which was estimated by various magazines, held the first and second places in their charts (the official national hit parade in early 1963, Britain had no).

February 11, 1963 "Beatles" in one acceptance, for some 12 hours, recorded all the material for the debut album "Please Please Me". Three months after the release of the eponymous single (March 22), Beatles finally released their first album, which was headed by the National Hit Parade on the entire 6 months (finally appeared). The album was embarrassed from the Lennon's own songs with the authorship of Lennon - McCartney and the cover versions of their favorite songs, belonging to the famous performers.

October 13, 1963 It is considered to be considered the birthday of Bitomania - a phenomenon of deafening popularity, which has not yet repeated by any group of the world. Beatles then performed in the London Hall "Palladium", from where their concert was broadcast in the program "Sunday Night At The London Palladium" for the whole country. The program has gathered 15 million viewers, but thousands of young fans and fans prefer to miss the transmission and filled the streets adjacent to the building of the concert hall hoping to see the musicians not on the screen, but in life. After the concert, the Quartet had to be waged to the car surrounded by the police. On November 4, "The Beatles" became the nail of the royal variety program in the prince of Welsh Prince. The concert was attended by the Queen Mother, Princess Margaret and Lord Snowdon, and the Queen did not hide his admiration for the "Till There Was You" with the popular Music Music Man.

November 22 came out the second album of the Quartet "With the Beatles". From the fourteen songs of the plates eight - their own works of musicians, including for the first time on official albums of the George Harrison song group, "Don't Bother Me". The album established a world record for the number of preliminary trading applications - 300 thousand, and by 1965 over a million copies of the record were sold.

Trip to America and height of Bitleania (1963-1964)

Despite the growing popularity of the group in Britain and its high positions in charts from the beginning of 1963, the American twin of the company "Pallophone" - Capitol Records (which also owned EMI), did not decide to publish singles "The Beatles" in the United States, partly For the fact that no English group had no longer success in America. Brian Epstayna, however, managed to conclude a contract with a small Chicago company "Vee Jay", and she released the Singles "Please Please Me" and "From Me to You", and also the album "Introducing the Beatles", but they did not have success Even in regional charts.

The situation has changed after entering the United States at the end of 1963 Single "I Want To Hold Your Hand". In England, he appeared somewhat earlier and immediately hit the first place. Under the impression of this song, the musical critic of the newspaper "The Sunday Times" Richard Baccuck called Lennon and McCartney "the greatest composers after Beethoven." On January 18, 1964, it became known that the single "I Want To Hold Your Hand" took the first place in the table of the Cash Box magazine and the third - in the Billboard weekly table. On January 20, the American company "Capitol" released the album "Meet the Beatles!", Partially similar to the content with the English "With the Beatles" - and the single, and the album on February 3 became in the US "Golden". By the beginning of April, in the top five, the top songs of the National Hit-parade of the United States appeared only songs "Beatles", and in general in the hit parade they were numbered.

"Bitleania" stepped over the ocean. The musicians were convinced immediately as soon as they landed on February 7, 1964 in the New York airport of Kennedy - to meet them came more than four thousand fans. At that time, the quartet gave three concerts in the United States: one in the Washington Coliseum and two in the New York Carnegie Hall. In addition, "The Beatles" performed twice in the TV show "Shaw Ed Sullivan" (ED Sullivan Show), collecting a record in the history of television the number of viewers - 73 million (40% of the US population at the time!). Almost the rest of the time they met with journalists, American colleagues in art, and in the morning of February 22 returned to England.

On March 2, Beatles began to shoot and record songs for their first musical film "A Hard Day's Night" and the album of the same name. The work has not yet been completed when the British press reported on a new sensation: the single "CAN'T BUY ME LOVE" / "You Can't Do That" has gathered in England and the United States a unprecedented number of preliminary applications in England - 3 million. There was no work of art and literature like this first circulation.

On June 4, Quartet went to the first major foreign tour. His route ran through Denmark, Holland, Hong Kong, Australia, New Zealand and Australia again. On the eve of Ringo's trip to the hospital with sharp tonsillitis and went on stage only on June 16 in Melbourne. Before that, "The Beatles" performed with the session striker Jimmy Nicol. Tours went away with truly triumphal success. In Adelaide, for example, musicians met at the airport 300-thousand (!) Crowd.

Quartet returned to London on July 2, and after three days, the premiere of the film "A Hard Day's Night" (director - Richard Leicester) took place in the capital cinema "Pavilion" (Pavilion). Soon after the premiere, the same album was released, who first did not contain any borrowed song. Both the film, and the record caused enthusiastic press feedback, and the outstanding American composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein (Leonard Bernstein), listening to the album "A Hard Day's Night", called Lennon and McCartney "the best songwriters since Schubert."

On August 19, 1964, the first full-fledged tour of the tour began Beatles. According to North America (the previous trip in February was rather advertising-sightseeing). For 32 days, the quartet did a way to 35,906 kilometers and gave 31 concerts in 24 cities (including three in Canada). For each concert, the ensemble received 25-30 thousand dollars. Initially, the tour route included not 24, but 23 cities. The speech in Kansas City was not envisaged, but the owner of the local professional basketball club Charles Finley, who clearly decided to enter the story, offered 150 thousand dollars in one half-hour concert, and Brian Epstein agreed.

But the musicians themselves were more worried about the other, the reverse side of success. During the tour, they felt prisoners because they were completely isolated from the world. Hotels in which they stayed, the crowd of the cloud. Incredibly, but the fact: the equipment, with which "The Beatles" in 1964 performed at the huge stadiums, today would not satisfy the most uneven restored ensemble - so low there were power and sound quality. Technique hopelessly lagging behind the definition of the development pace of show business. Even monitors (control columns) did not exist, and behind a deafening roar of the Tribune musicians often did not hear not only each other, but also themselves, they were knocked out from the rhythm, they lost a tonality in the vocal parties. But the public did not notice this, she also did not hear anything, and did not see anything: in order to safety, the scene was installed either in the center of the football field, or on the back line of the baseball court.

In such conditions, there was no question of any creative development, progress. Unlike Hamburg concerts, the Quartet now had to perform a limited number of the same songs day after day. Changes in the program were not allowed. The scene was no longer for musicians or a laboratory nor a test landfill. Create something new, create, they could only develop beyond it.

BEATLES FOR SALE and "HELP!" (1964-1965)

Returning on September 21 to London, The Beatles on the same day began recording the next album "Beatles for Sale". Of the 14 selected songs, six were borrowed and appeared in the quartet repertoire for more than one year (Rock and Roll Music, Mr. Moonlight, "Kansas City", "Everybody's Trying to Be My Baby")). In general, the record was a quaint bouquet of styles from rock and roll to Country & Western with the predominance of intonations in the spirit of Buddy Holly records. On the very first day (December 4), the disc was separated by a circulation of 700 thousand copies and after a week he headed the British hit parade. In February 1965, the filming of the second full-length film "Help!" Began, the director of which was already famous for the previous film The Beatles "A Hard Day's Night" Richard Leicester. The premiere of the film took place in London on July 29, and on August 6, the album was released.

On the album, each song is good, but one of them without exaggeration can be called an outstanding musical work, classic not only for popular music, but also for music at all. This is the song "Yesterday". Her melody Paul McCartney composed at the beginning of the year, the text appeared much later. He called her "scrambled eggs", because the motive was reflected with the first words that came to mind: "Scrambled Eggs, Oh, My Baby, How I Love Your Legs ..." ("scrambled eggs, oh my baby, how I love your legs ...") . George Martina liked the melody, but write it as a song he suggested using a completely unexpected accompaniment for the "The Beatles" of the stubborn quartet. It was the first case, when neither John nor George nor Ringo did not participate in the record. The song was clearly "doomed" for a grand success, however, "The Beatles" did not release it independently, in the single, and immediately included in the album. With their creative potential, they could afford it. Shortly after the release of the album "Help!" The song "Yesterday" became one after another to fulfill many soloists and ensembles, its instrumental options entered the repertoire of symphony orchestras. Today, about two thousand interpretations of this composition are known - more than any other in history.

On August 13, "The Beatles" went to the second American tour. Exactly two weeks later, an event occurred, to this day, no rest of the show-businessmen and music lovers: "Beatles" visited Elvis Presley, with whom not only talked, but also musicated, and several compositions were recorded on a tape recorder. Neither of Elvis, nor after his death in 1977, records were not published. Despite all the efforts of agents hired by American, British, West German and Japanese firms, the films could not be located. Their cost is calculated by millions of dollars.

New directions in the work and end of concert activities (1965-1966)

The summer of 1965 was a turning point in the history of rock music. From dance, entertaining, she became serious art. New rock bands appeared, and such ensembles and performers, like The Byrds, Rolling Stones, Bob Dylan began to make a worthy competition of The Beatles, which, of course, could not stay aside from these changes. On October 12, in London, they began to record the album "Rubber Soul", which marked the beginning of the new phase not only in their work, but also in rock musical culture at all. All competing authors and performers again remained far behind. "It was the first album, which was represented by the world of new, growing" Beatles "- recalled years later George Martin. - We first began to think the categories of the album as an independent and self-fastest work of art." The fact that the fact that the fact is that Beatles. We began to record this record with an almost empty "portfolio": by October 12 they did not have three completely ready-to-record songs. And on December 3, 1965, the album was already lying on the shelves of music stores. In the songs of the album for the first time, elements of mysticism, surrealism, so characteristic of the "The Beatles" in the future appeared.

On October 26, 1965, the group participants in the Buckingham Palace were presented (Prime Minister Wilson announced this on June 12) State awards - the Order of the British Empire, Mve. For the first time, the Higher Award of the UK received pop musicians, "For the contribution to the development of British culture and its popularization around the world." Three of them perceived this with delight. And John later admitted: "If when they gave himself to read it, I think about the royal family, they would never allow one." The award of the award to the members of Beatles caused the perturbation of some of its owners, including military heroes. They in protest returned their orders, because, in their opinion, now these awards simply depreciated. "The British Royal House equalized me with a handful of vulgar stupid," wrote one of these cavaliers.

In 1966, Beatles began to appear for the first time. In July, during the tour in the Philippines, because of their random conflict from the first lady of this country (they abandoned the official reception in the presidential palace), Bitles almost broke the furious crowd to pieces, and they barely took their feet from this state. On the way to the aircraft from the Philippines, their touring administrator Mal Evans was terribly beaten at the airport, the members of the group pushed and, in the literal sense, "beat" to the aircraft. Already after returning to the homeland behind the ocean, in America, the hype rose due to the carelessly said Lennon back in March phrases about what "Christianity dies, and, for example, now Beatles. More popular Jesus. In England, this phrase was read, knighted and immediately forgotten. In the cities of the United States and, oddly enough, in South Africa, rolled the protests against "The Beatles", their plates, portraits, clothes were burned, on each alley were a must with the inscription: for garbage from ... beatles ", and in One fine day, the priests were built by the stuffed musicians, and everyone could approach them and do everything that wanted. However, the Beatles themselves treated it with humor: "Ha, because they burn these records, they should buy them." But under The pressure of the American press Lennon at a press conference on August 11 in Chicago (USA) officially apologized for his statements.

Nevertheless, despite all the failures, on August 5, 1966, one of the best albums came out. Beatles. - "Revolver". The album was distinguished primarily by the fact that most of his songs did not assume stage execution - the used studio effects used here. And "The Beatles" were from now on a purely studio group. They are so tired of the exhausting worldwide touring that they decided to stop their concert activities. In their native country, their last speech took place on May 1, 1966 in the Empire Pool hall of the London Stadium "Wembley", where they took part in the Gala concert, fulfilling 5 compositions in a 15-minute speech: "I Feel Fine", "Nowhere Man "," Day Tripper "," IF I Needed Someone "and" I'm Down ". The last tour was the American tour of the same year, ended by a concert in San Francisco on August 29. At this stage, the scenic biography of the quartet ended. The Album "Revolver", in the meantime, was leading in the charts on both sides of the Atlantic. Critics assessed him as the culmination of creativity "The Beatles". It seemed that the record was better impossible to create in principle, and many newspapers seriously expressed the assumption that the quartet would stop on this incredibly high note. From the side, such a solution would look quite logical, but it did not come to the musicians themselves.

"SGT. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band »(1967)

At the end of 1966 Beatles. Gathered again in the studio. The result of the beginning of November 24, the Single of "Penny Lane" / Strawberry Fields Forever began, which appeared on February 17, 1967. A characteristic feature of the single was that instead of the usual first and second sides he had the first two. Thus, it was emphasized that both songs included in the plate are basic. The Strawberry Folds Forever composition seemed to have accumulated the studio work experienced by the quarter. The musicians began to record it on November 24, 1966, and the final version that we hear on the record appeared only on January 2. Innovative techniques in the arrangement, a huge at that time the number of participating studio instrumentalists who participated in the recording of studio instruments, the look at the studio as a musical instrument, having almost unlimited possibilities, all this, characteristic and for the single "Penny Lane" / Strawberry Fields Forever, as if Preparing listeners (and musicians themselves!) To metamorphosis, the embodiment of which was the album "SGT. Pepper "S Lonely Hearts Club Band."

The start date of the "Sergeant Pepper" recording is considered on November 24, when Beatles. Started work on Strawberry Fields Forever. During the 129-day period (in comparison, 12 o'clock "Please Please Me" album was recorded) The musicians, as it turned out, was recorded the greatest in the history of rock music album. In the days of the records of the record, almost all regular studios workers did not leave home until late night, even those who had a day off. The operator crowded colleagues-musicians, producers of other groups. Eyewitnesses said that Ron Richard, who was the production of the "The Hollies" group, the song "A Day in The Life" (as some critics recognize, the best song on the album) led literally in panic. Sitting in the corner of the operator and wrapped his head with his hands, he as the head repeated: "It's incredible ... I give up." Meanwhile, Beatles created the album playing. They delivered pleasure to saturate him with unheard of, unexpected musical and generally sound effects. And in the end, the album published on May 26, received a phenomenal success and kept on the tops of the hit parades of the whole 88 (!) Weeks.

Death Brian Epstine and "White Album" (1967-1968)

June 25, 1967 Beatles. Began the first ensemble, the performance of which was broadcast to the whole world - they were able to see almost 400 million people in all countries. Their number has become part of the world's first global television program "Our World" (OUR WORLD). Speech was broadcast directly from the main studio Beatles on Abby Road Street in London, during him the video version of the song "All You Need Is Love" was recorded.

But after that, the Triumph of the Group's business went to the decline, and the tragic death of The Beatles Brian Epstine, who died on August 27, 1967, played a considerable role in this, as a result of the overdose of sleeping pills. "The Fifth Beat", as the members of the group called him, headed by all financial affairs and devoted to the group all his time, left life. He was only 32.

At the end of 1967, "The Beatles" received the first negative feedback from the press about their creativity - the Magical Mystery Tour film became an object for criticism. The main claim to the film was that it was released only in the color version, but only a few British had colored TVs at that time. The soundtrack for the film (by the way, not received any complaints) was released in the UK as a mini-album.

The beginning of 1968 the group held in Rishikesh (India), studying meditation with Maharishi Maheshy Yoga. After returning to Motherland, Lennon and McCartney announced the birth of Apple Corporation, under the label "The Beatles" now began to produce their plates. In the meantime, the quartet was carried out at once two major projects: he prepared material for the next album and participated in the work on the full-length cartoon film "Yellow submarine", which was released in January 1969 with a saundtrack record. In addition, on August 30, "The Beatles" was released on a single one of the best songs in the history of the songs - "Hey Jude". The plastina, by the end of the year, was divided in the world with a 6 millionth edition, heading the hit parades almost all over the world.

November 22, 1968 The band released its new entry - a double album Beatles.which among the masses is known simply as a "white album", because of its absolutely white cover, on which the name of the group was only removed. Criticism estimated the album ambiguously. Many observers adhered to the opinions that the musicians should have been more demanding and complicate one disk. However, the audience was delighted - everyone liked the album. Well, in the biography of Beatles he occupies a special place, because it is the first bright testimony of the impending decay of Beatles. The days of work on the "white album" showed barriers that arose between members of the group, their relationship worsened, and Ringo Starr at the time even left the ensemble. As a result, in the songs "Martha My Dear", "Wild Honey Pie", "Dear Prudence" and "Back In The USSR" are recorded by a party of drums performed McCartney. Nevertheless, on the same album, a song, studied Ringo, "Don't Pass Me By" was released. The atmosphere in the group was glowed and because of the new wife of Lennon - Yoko, which was present on each sign of the group and was very annoyed by all its members (except, of course, Lennon). In addition, Lennon and Harrison began to produce solo plates, which also did not too contributed to improving the state of the group. All these nuances were inexorable to decay.

Latest albums and disintegration (1969-1970)

Attempt by reunion, death of John Lennon

On December 8, 1980, John Lennon was killed in New York a mentally unbalanced US citizen Mark Chapman. On the day of death, Lennon gave his last interview to American journalists, and at 22 50 minutes, when John and Yoko were under the arch of her house, returning from the recording studio Hit Factory, Chapman, earlier the autograph on the cover of the new album on the same day "Double Fantasy", made five shots to him in the back. A police car caused by the gatekeeper "Dakota", Lennon was literally delivered to the hospital of Roosevelt in a few minutes. But attempts by doctors to save Lennon were in vain - because of the big blood loss, he died, the official time of death - 23 hours 15 minutes. Lennon was cremated in New York, and his dust was transferred to Yoko.

Mark Chepman is serving a life imprisonment for his crime in a New York prison. He served five times a petition for early release, but each time these petitions were rejected.

Paul McCartney planned reunification Beatles. A year before the murder of John Lennon. In his 1979 contract with CBS Records, McCartney claimed that he could recording music with Lennon, Harrison and Starr under the name Beatles.

Details of the contract for 10.8 million dollars are made public in connection with the 25th anniversary of the death of Lennon. Representative of the company's soundpartication gave the following comment: " This is the earliest evidence that anyone from Beatles has made formal attempts to revive the group.».

This is also proof that the floor was not the initiator of the decay, as they thought until that moment.

Free As A Bird, Real Love, Now and then

When in 1994 McCartney, Starr and Harrison were anthology Beatles., John Johk's widow, it handed them a film with unfinished versions of three songs, two of which - "Free As A Bird" and "Real Love" - \u200b\u200bthe musicians modified. From the third I had to refuse, because the colleagues of the late Lennon did not dare to add the journal of the purchase, in order not to interpret the idea of \u200b\u200bJohn. For other information, the reason for the refusal was strong noises for recordings.

« The song existed in the form of fragmentary chorus, no more had nothing- Jeff Lynn, a famous musician and a close friend of Bitles, who produced a record, shares the memories of Jeff Lynn. - We recorded the substrate, but the point did not go, then "Now and then" remained unfinished. This is a kind of blues ballad, a very light song. I like it very much, and I hope that she will still get to the listeners».

Nevertheless, after more than 10 years, Paul McCartney decided on a bold step: I composed the missing rows and recorded them in my performance, leaving the author in the chorus. Ringo Starr provided a party of drums, and the musicians took the guitar from the archival records of George Harrison.