Military awards of the Great Patriotic War (photo). Photos of military orders and medals of the ussr during the great patriotic war

Not all of us know what the WWII medals mean. Specially for the Victory Day - about the awards of the Great Patriotic War.

MEDAL "GOLDEN STAR" OF THE HERO OF THE SOVIET UNION

Established: April 16, 1934
First award: April 20, 1934
Last awarded: 24 December 1991
Number of awards: 12772

The highest degree of distinction of the USSR. An honorary title, which was awarded for the performance of a feat or outstanding service during hostilities, as well as, as an exception, in peacetime.

The title was first established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 16, 1934, an additional insignia for the Hero of the Soviet Union - the Gold Star medal - was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 1, 1939.
On April 16, 1934, by a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was established in the wording: "To establish the highest degree of distinction - conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for personal or collective services to the state associated with the performance of a heroic deed." No insignia were provided, only a diploma from the Central Executive Committee of the USSR was issued.

All eleven pilots - the first Heroes of the Soviet Union - received the Order of Lenin. The practice of awarding was enshrined in the Resolution of the CEC in the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on July 29, 1936. In this edition, citizens who were awarded the title, in addition to the diploma, were also entitled to the Order of Lenin.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 1, 1939, a special distinctive sign was introduced for the Heroes of the Soviet Union - the “Hero of the Soviet Union” medal. Another decree of October 16, 1939 approved the appearance of the medal, which was named "Gold Star". In contrast to the original Regulation, the possibility of multiple awards with the "Gold Star" was now envisaged. Twice the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the second Gold Star medal and a bronze bust was erected for him in his homeland. Three times the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the third Gold Star medal, and his bronze bust is to be installed at the Palace of Soviets in Moscow. The issuance of the Orders of Lenin was not provided for when the second and third medals were awarded. The decree said nothing about awarding the title for the 4th time, as well as about the possible number of awards for one person.

The numbering of medals for the first, second and third awards was separate. Since the construction of the grandiose Palace of the Soviets in Moscow was not completed due to the war, the busts of the Heroes were erected three times in the Kremlin.

MEDAL "FOR BATTLE MERIT"

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 17, 1938.
The Medal "For Military Merit" was awarded to:
servicemen of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops
other citizens of the USSR,
as well as persons who are not citizens of the USSR.
The medal was awarded to distinguished persons for:
For skillful, proactive and courageous actions in battle that contributed to the successful fulfillment of combat missions by a military unit or subunit;
For the courage shown in the defense of the state border of the USSR;
For excellent successes in combat and political training, mastering new military equipment and maintaining high combat readiness of military units and their subunits, and other merits during active military service.
The Medal "For Military Merit" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other USSR medals, is placed after the Ushakov medal.
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Military Merit" was awarded 5,210,078.

MEDAL OF HONOR"

Diameter - 37 mm
Established: October 17, 1938
Number of awards: 4,000,000

State award of the USSR and the Russian Federation. It was established on October 17, 1938 to reward the soldiers of the Red Army, the Navy and the Border Guard for personal courage and bravery in battles against the enemies of the Soviet Union while protecting the inviolability of state borders or when fighting saboteurs, spies and other enemies of the Soviet state. Among the first to be awarded this medal were border guards N. Gulyaev and F. Grigoriev, who detained a group of saboteurs at Lake Khasan. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1992 No. 2424-1, the medal was retained in the system of awards of the Russian Federation. Established again by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 2, 1994 No. 442.
The Medal "For Courage" is awarded to military personnel, as well as employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and other citizens of the Russian Federation for personal courage and bravery shown by:
in battles while protecting the Russian Federation and its state interests;
when performing special tasks to ensure the state security of the Russian Federation;
while protecting the state border of the Russian Federation;
in the performance of military, service or civil duty, protection of the constitutional rights of citizens in conditions associated with a risk to life.
The Medal "For Courage" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the Russian Federation, it is placed after the medal of the Order of Merit to the Fatherland, II degree.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF LENINGRAD"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 1,470,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on December 22, 1942. The author of the project of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
All participants in the defense of Leningrad were awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad":
servicemen of units, formations and institutions of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, who actually participated in the defense of the city;
workers, employees and other civilians who participated in hostilities to protect the city, contributed to the defense of the city by their selfless work at enterprises, institutions, participated in the construction of defensive structures, in air defense, in the protection of public utilities, in the fight against fires from raids by enemy aircraft, in the organization and maintenance of transport and communications, in the organization of catering, supply and cultural services for the population, in caring for the sick and wounded, in organizing childcare and other measures to defend the city.
The medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are available, it is placed after the medal "For the rescue of drowning people".
Persons awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" have the right to be awarded the later established jubilee medal "In Commemoration of the 250th Anniversary of Leningrad".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" was awarded to about 1,470,000 people. Among them there are 15 thousand blockade children and adolescents.

MEDAL "FOR THE DEFENSE OF ODESSA"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 30,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on December 22, 1942. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Odessa - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of Odessa is considered August 10 - October 16, 1941.
The medal was awarded on behalf of the USSR PVS on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the defense of Odessa, issued by unit commanders, heads of military medical institutions, Odessa regional and city Soviets of Working People's Deputies.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Moscow".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to about 30,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF SEVASTOPOL"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 52540

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on December 22, 1942. The author of the approved design of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Sevastopol - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The defense of Sevastopol lasted 250 days, from October 30, 1941 to July 4, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Odessa".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to approximately 52,540 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF STALINGRAD"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 759560

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Stalingrad - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of the defense of Stalingrad is considered to be July 12 - November 19, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to approximately 759,560 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF THE CAUCASUS"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 870,000

The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Caucasus - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense.
The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Kiev".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to about 870,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF MOSCOW"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: May 1, 1944
Number of awards: 1,028,600

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 1, 1944. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The Medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Moscow:
all servicemen and civilian personnel of the Soviet Army and NKVD troops who participated in the defense of Moscow for at least one month during the period from October 19, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
civilians who were directly involved in the defense of Moscow for at least one month during the period from October 19, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
servicemen of parts of the Moscow air defense zone and air defense units, as well as civilians - the most active participants in the defense of Moscow from enemy air raids from July 22, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
servicemen and civilians from the population of the city of Moscow and the Moscow region, who took an active part in the construction of defensive lines and structures of the defensive line of the Reserve Front, Mozhaisk, Podolsk borders and Moscow bypass.
partisans of the Moscow region and active participants in the defense of the hero-city of Tula.
The medal "For the Defense of Moscow" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to approximately 1,028,600 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF THE SOVIET ZAPOLARS"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 5, 1944
Number of awards: 353,240

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 5, 1944. The author of the image of the medal is Lieutenant Colonel V. Alov with modifications by the artist A. I. Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Arctic - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of the Soviet Arctic is considered June 22, 1941 - November 1944.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to approximately 353,240 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF KIEV"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 21, 1961
Number of awards: 107,540

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 21, 1961. The author of the project of the medal is the artist V. N. Atlantov.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Kiev - servicemen of the Soviet Army and the troops of the former NKVD, as well as all workers who took part in the defense of Kiev in the ranks of the people's militia, at the construction of defensive fortifications, working in factories and plants serving the needs of the front, members of the Kiev underground and partisans who fought with the enemy near Kiev. The period of defense of Kiev is considered July - September 1941.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to approximately 107,540 people.

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF BELGRADE"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 70,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945. The project of the medal was created by the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Belgrade from September 29 to October 22, 1944, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Berlin".
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" was awarded to about 70,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF WARSAW"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 701,700

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Kuritsyna.
As of January 1, 1995, the medal “For the Liberation of Warsaw” has been awarded to approximately 701,700 people.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops who were direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Warsaw from January 14-17, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal is awarded on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the liberation of Warsaw, issued by the commanders of units and heads of military medical institutions.
Delivery is made:
persons in military units of the Red Army and the Navy - commanders of military units;
persons who retired from the army and navy - regional, city and district military commissars at the place of residence of the awarded.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade".

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF PRAGUE"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 395,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The authors of the medal drawing are the artist A. I. Kuznetsov and the artist Skorzhinskaya.
The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Prague from May 3 to 9, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw".
As of 1962, more than 395,000 people were awarded the medal "For the Liberation of Prague".

MEDAL "FOR TAKING BERLIN"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 1,100,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Berlin during the Great Patriotic War.
According to the Regulations on the medal "For the capture of Berlin" it was awarded to "servicemen of the Soviet Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Berlin, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations in the capture of this city."
In total, more than 1.1 million people were awarded the medal "For the capture of Berlin".
Medal "For the capture of Berlin" - round, 32 mm in diameter, made of brass. On the obverse of the medal in the center there is an inscription “For the capture of Berlin”. Along the lower edge of the medal there is an image of an oak half-wreath entwined in the middle with a ribbon. There is a five-pointed asterisk above the inscription. The medal is bordered on the obverse side. On the reverse side of the medal the date of the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops is minted: "May 2, 1945"; below is a five-pointed asterisk. All inscriptions and images on the front and back of the medal are convex. In the upper part of the medal there is an eyelet, which connects the medal with a ring to a metal pentagonal block, which serves to attach the medal to clothing. The shoe is covered with a 24 mm wide red silk moire ribbon. In the middle of the tape there are five stripes - three black and two orange.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING BUDAPEST"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 362,050

The medal "For the capture of Budapest" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Budapest in the period December 20, 1944 - February 15, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Budapest" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the victory over Japan".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal “For the capture of Budapest” was awarded to approximately 362,050 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING VIENNA"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 277 380

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Vienna during the Great Patriotic War.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the assault and capture of Vienna in the period March 16 - April 13, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Konigsberg".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the capture of Vienna" was awarded to approximately 277,380 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING KENIGSBERG"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 760,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Konigsberg in the period from January 23 to April 10, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Budapest".
In 1987, the medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" was awarded to about 760,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR VICTORY OVER GERMANY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 14,933,000

Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 9, 1945. The authors of the medal are the artists E. M. Romanov and I. K. Andrianov.
Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." were awarded:
all servicemen and civilian personnel who took direct part in the ranks of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops on the fronts of the Patriotic War or ensured victory by their work in military districts;
all servicemen and civilian personnel who served during the Great Patriotic War in the ranks of the active Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, but who left them due to injury, illness and injury, as well as transferred by decision of state and party organizations to another work outside the army.
Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are available, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic."
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." approximately 14,933,000 people were awarded.

MEDAL "FOR VICTORY OVER JAPAN"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: September 30, 1945
Number of awards: 1,800,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated September 30, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Lukina M.L.
The Medal "For Victory over Japan" is awarded to:
all servicemen and personnel of the civilian staff of units and formations of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops who took direct part in hostilities against the Japanese imperialists as part of the troops of the 1st Far Eastern, 2nd Far Eastern and Transbaikal fronts, the Pacific Fleet and the Amur river flotilla;
servicemen of the central directorates of the NKO, the NKVMF and the NKVD, who took part in supporting the combat operations of Soviet troops in the Far East.
The medal "For Victory over Japan" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the jubilee medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." Interestingly, Stalin looks to the right (towards Japan), while in the medal "For Victory over Germany" he looks to the left (towards Germany).
The total number of those awarded with the medal "For the victory over Japan" is about 1,800,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR GOOD WORK IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - copper
Established: June 6, 1945
Number of awards: 16 096 750

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 6, 1945. The authors of the drawing of the medal are the artists I.K.Andrianov and E.M. Romanov.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." are awarded:
workers, engineering and technical personnel and employees of industry and transport;
collective farmers and agricultural specialists;
workers in science, technology, art and literature;
workers of Soviet, party, trade union and other public organizations - who ensured the victory of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War with their valiant and selfless labor.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are present, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Prague".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." approximately 16096750 people were awarded.

I degree

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - 1st degree - silver

Number of awards: 1st degree - 56,883

MEDAL "TO THE PARTISAN OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR"
II degree

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - 2nd degree - made of brass
Established: February 2, 1943
Number of awards: 2nd degree - 70,992

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on February 2, 1943. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N. I. Moskalev, the drawing is taken from the unrealized project of the medal "25 years of the Soviet Army".
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" was awarded to partisans, the commanding staff of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for special merits in organizing the partisan movement, for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in the partisan struggle for the Soviet Motherland in the rear of the German fascist invaders.
Partisans of the Patriotic War, the commanding staff of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement who have shown courage, perseverance, courage in the partisan struggle for our Soviet Motherland in the rear against the Nazi invaders are awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st and 2nd degrees.
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st and 2nd degree is awarded by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Partisans, commanding officers of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in the partisan struggle for our Soviet Motherland in the rear of the German fascist invaders are awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st degree.
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 2nd degree is awarded to partisans, commanding officers of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for personal military distinction in fulfilling orders and assignments of the command, for active assistance in the partisan struggle against the Nazi invaders.
The highest degree of the medal is the 1st degree.
The medal "To the Partisan of the Patriotic War" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is placed after the medal "For Labor Distinction" in the order of seniority of degrees.
Until 1974, this medal was the only medal of the USSR that had 2 degrees. As of January 1, 1995, 56,883 people were awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree, 2nd degree - 70,992 people.

NAKHIMOV'S MEDAL

Diameter - 36 mm
Material - bronze
Established: March 3, 1944
Number of awards: 14,000

The medal was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.
The Nakhimov medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and naval units of the border troops.
The Nakhimov medal was awarded:
for skillful, proactive and courageous actions that contributed to the successful fulfillment of combat missions of ships and units in naval theaters;
for the courage shown in the defense of the state maritime border of the USSR;
for the dedication shown in the performance of military duty, or other merits during active military service in conditions fraught with risk to life.
The Nakhimov medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is located after the medal "For Military Merit".
In total, over 13,000 Nakhimov medals were awarded.

USHAKOV'S MEDAL

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 3, 1944.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and the naval units of the border troops for courage and bravery shown in the defense of the Socialist Fatherland in naval theaters, both in war and in peacetime.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded for personal courage and courage shown by:
in battles with the enemies of the socialist Fatherland in maritime theaters;
while protecting the state maritime border of the USSR;
when performing combat missions of ships and units of the Navy and border troops;
in the performance of military duty in conditions associated with a risk to life.
Ushakov's medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other USSR medals, is placed after the medal "For Courage".

BADGE "GUARD"

On May 21, 1943, the "Guard" badge was instituted for servicemen of units and formations awarded the title of Guards. The artist S.I.Dmitriev was instructed to draw a drawing of the future sign. As a result, a laconic and at the same time expressive project was adopted, representing a five-pointed star framed by a laurel wreath, above it a red banner with the inscription "Guard". On the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 11, 1943, this sign was also placed on the banners of armies and corps that received the rank of guards. The difference was that on the banner of the Guards Army, the sign was depicted in a wreath of oak branches, and on the banner of the Guards Corps - without a wreath.
All in all, during the war, until May 9, 1945, the ranks of the guards were awarded: 11 combined arms and 6 tank armies; horse-mechanized group; 40 rifle, 7 cavalry, 12 tank, 9 mechanized and 14 air corps; 117 rifle, 9 airborne, 17 cavalry, 6 artillery, 53 air and 6 anti-aircraft artillery divisions; 7 divisions of rocket artillery; many dozens of brigades and regiments. In the Navy, there were 18 surface guards ships, 16 submarines, 13 battalions of combat boats, 2 air divisions, 1 marine brigade and 1 naval railway artillery brigade.

ORDER OF THE RED BANNER

Established September 16, 1918
First award on September 30, 1918
Last award 1991
Number of awards 581 300

Established to reward for special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland. The Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military units, warships, government and public organizations. Until the establishment of the Order of Lenin in 1930, the Order of the Red Banner remained the highest order of the Soviet Union.
It was established on September 16, 1918 during the Civil War by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Originally it was called the Order of the Red Banner. During the Civil War, similar orders were also established in other Soviet republics. On August 1, 1924, all orders of the Soviet republics were transformed into a single Order of the Red Banner for the entire USSR. The statute of the order was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of January 11, 1932 (on June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947, amendments and additions and changes were made to this Decree by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR). The latest edition of the order's statute was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980.
The Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the Komsomol, the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, the Baltic State Technical University Voenmekh, the cities of Leningrad (Petrograd), Kopeysk, Grozny, Tashkent, Volgograd (Tsaritsyn), Lugansk, Sevastopol.

ORDER OF THE RED STAR

Established: April 6, 1930
First award: V.K.Blyukher
Last awarded: 19 December 1991
Number of awards: 3876740

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930. The statute of the order was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated May 5, 1930.
Subsequently, the issues related to the awarding of the Order of the Red Star were amended and clarified by the General Regulations on the Orders of the USSR (Resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of May 7, 1936), Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943, February 26, 1946, October 15, 1947 and December 16, 1947. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the Statute of the Order of the Red Star was approved in a new edition.

THE ORDER OF LENIN

Dimensions: height: 38-45mm
width: 38 mm
Material: gold, platinum
Established: April 6, 1930
First award: 23 May 1930
Last awarded: December 21, 1991
Number of awards: 431 418

The history of the order dates back to July 8, 1926, when the head of the Main Directorate of the Red Army V. N. Levichev was asked to issue a new award - the Order of Ilyich - to persons who already had four Orders of the Red Banner. This award was to become the highest military distinction. However, since the Civil War in Russia had already ended, the draft of the new order was not adopted. At the same time, the Council of People's Commissars recognized the need to create the highest award of the Soviet Union, awarded not only for military merit.
At the beginning of 1930, work on the project of a new order, called the Order of Lenin, was resumed. The artists of the Goznak factory in Moscow were ordered to create a drawing of the order, the main image on the sign of which was to be a portrait of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. From many sketches, we chose the work of the artist I.I.Dubasov, who took as the basis for the portrait a photograph of Lenin taken at the II Congress of the Comintern in Moscow by photographer V.K.Bulla in July-August 1920. It depicts Vladimir Ilyich in profile to the left of the viewer.
In the spring of 1930, the sketch for the order was handed over to the sculptors I.D.Shadr and P.I.Tayozhny to create a model. In the same year, the first insignia of the Order of Lenin were made at the Goznak factory.
The order was established by a decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 6, and its statute was on May 5, 1930. The statute of the order and its description were amended by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of September 27, 1934, by the Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of June 19, 1943 and of December 16, 1947.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the statute of the order was approved in the final version.

ORDER OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR
I degree

Established: May 20, 1942
First award: June 2, 1942
Number of awards: over 9.1 million

ORDER OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR
II degree

On May 20, 1942, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees" was signed and together with it the statute of the new order. For the first time in the history of the Soviet award system, specific feats were listed, for which an award was given to representatives of all the main branches of the military.
The Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees could be received by persons of the rank and file of the Red Army, the Navy, the NKVD troops and partisans who showed courage, fortitude and courage in battles with the Nazis, or by their actions contributed to the success of the combat operations of the Soviet troops. The right to this order of civilians, who were awarded for their contribution to the overall victory over the enemy, was especially stipulated.
The Order of the 1st Class is awarded to the one who personally destroys 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks, or as part of a gun crew - 3 heavy or medium tanks or 5 light tanks. The Order of the II degree could be earned by someone who personally destroyed 1 heavy or medium tank or 2 light tanks, or as part of a gun crew of 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks.

ORDER OF ALEXANDER NEVSKY

Diameter - 50 mm
Material - silver
Established: July 29, 1942
First awarded: November 5, 1942
Number of awards: 42 165

Architect I. Telyatnikov won the competition for the drawing of the Order of Alexander Nevsky. The artist used a shot from the film "Alexander Nevsky", which was released shortly before, in which Soviet actor Nikolai Cherkasov starred. His profile in this role was reproduced in the drawing of the future order. A medallion with a portrait image of Alexander Nevsky is located in the center of a five-pointed red star, from which silver rays radiate; along the edges there are ancient Russian military attributes, crossed berdyshs, a sword, a bow and a quiver with arrows.
According to the statute, the order was awarded to officers of the Red Army (from division commander to platoon commander) for their initiative in choosing the right moment for a sudden, bold and successful attack on the enemy and inflicting a major defeat on him with small losses for his troops; for the successful completion of a combat mission with the destruction of all or most of the superior enemy forces; for commanding an artillery, tank or air unit that inflicted heavy damage on the enemy.
In total, over the years of the war, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was awarded more than 42 thousand awards to Soviet soldiers and about 70 foreign generals and officers. More than 1470 military units and formations received the right to attach this order to the battle banner.

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
I degree

Established: July 29, 1942
First award: January 28, 1943
Number of awards: I degree - 675
II degree - 3326
III degree - 3328

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
II degree

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
III degree

The Order of Kutuzov (designed by artist N. I. Moskalev) of the 1st degree could be received by the commander of the front, army, his deputy or chief of staff for the good organization of the forced withdrawal of large formations with counter-attacks to the enemy, withdrawal of his troops to new lines with low losses; for the skillful organization of the operation of large formations in the fight against superior enemy forces and the preservation of their troops in constant readiness for a decisive offensive.
The statute is based on the fighting qualities that distinguished the activities of the great commander M.I.Kutuzov - skillful defense, exhausting the enemy and then going over to a decisive counteroffensive.
One of the first orders of Kutuzov, II degree, was awarded to Major General KS Melnik, commander of the 58th Army, which defended the section of the Caucasian Front from Mozdok to Malgobek. In difficult defensive battles, exhausting the main forces of the enemy, the army of KS Melnik launched a counteroffensive and, breaking the enemy's line of defense, fought in the Yeisk area.
In the regulation on the Order of Kutuzov of the III degree there is such a point: the order can be given to an officer "for the skillful development of a battle plan, which ensured a clear interaction of all types of weapons and its successful outcome."

The 1st degree of the Order of Suvorov was awarded to commanders of fronts and armies, their deputies, chiefs of staff, operational directorates and combat arms of fronts and armies for an excellently organized and conducted operation on an army or front scale, as a result of which the enemy was defeated or destroyed. One circumstance was specially stipulated - the victory was to be won by smaller forces over a numerically superior enemy, according to the famous Suvorov rule: "The enemy is beaten not by number, but by skill."
The Order of Suvorov II degree could be awarded to the commander of a corps, division or brigade, as well as his deputy and chief of staff for organizing the defeat of a corps or division, for breaking through a modern enemy defensive zone with its subsequent pursuit and destruction, as well as for organizing a battle in an encirclement, exit from the encirclement while maintaining the combat capability of their units, their weapons and equipment. The insignia of the II degree could also have been received by the commander of an armored formation for a deep raid behind enemy lines, "as a result of which a sensitive blow was inflicted on the enemy, ensuring the successful implementation of an army operation."
The Order of Suvorov III degree was intended to reward the commanders of regiments, battalions and companies for the skillful organization and implementation of a victorious battle with forces smaller than those of the enemy.

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
I degree

Diameter: 55mm
Established: October 10, 1943
First award: October 28, 1943
Number of awards: 8451

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
II degree

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
III degree

In the summer of 1943, the Soviet army was preparing for the liberation of Soviet Ukraine. The idea of ​​the award, bearing the name of an outstanding Ukrainian statesman and commander, belongs to film director A.P. Dovzhenko and poet M. Bazhan. The project of Pashchenko was recognized as the best. The main material for the order of the 1st class is gold, II and III are silver. The statute of the order was approved together with the Decree establishing the order on October 10, 1943. The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky was awarded to soldiers and commanders of the Red Army, as well as partisans for distinction in battles during the liberation of Soviet land from the Nazi invaders.
The Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, I degree, could be received by a front or army commander for a successful operation, using skillful maneuvering, as a result of which a city or region was liberated from the enemy, and the enemy suffered a serious defeat in manpower and equipment.
The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree could be earned by an officer from corps commander to regiment commander for breaking through a fortified enemy strip, a successful raid behind enemy lines.
The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, III degree, could be received, along with officers and partisan commanders, for sergeants, foremen and rank-and-file soldiers of the Red Army and partisan detachments for their courage and resourcefulness shown in battles, which contributed to the fulfillment of the assigned combat mission.
In total, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky made about eight and a half thousand awards, including the first degree-323, the second-about 2400 and the third-more than 5700. Over a thousand military units and formations received the order as a collective award.

ORDER OF GLORY
I degree

Diameter: 46mm

First award: November 28, 1943
Number of awards: more than 1 million

ORDER OF GLORY
II degree

ORDER OF GLORY
III degree

In October 1943, the project of N.I. Moskalev was approved by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. At the same time, the color of the ribbon of the future Order of Glory, proposed by the artist, was approved - orange-black, repeating the colors of the most honorable military award of pre-revolutionary Russia, the Order of St. George.
The Order of Glory was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 8, 1943. It has three degrees, of which the highest I degree is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree had a gilded central medallion). This insignia could be issued for a personal feat on the battlefield, issued in a strict sequence, from the lowest to the highest.
The Order of Glory could be received by the one who first burst into the enemy's location, who in battle saved the banner of his unit or captured the enemy, who, risking his life, saved the commander in battle, who shot down a fascist plane from his personal weapons (rifle or machine gun), or destroyed up to 50 enemy soldiers, etc.
In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, about a million insignia of the Order of Glory, III degree, more than 46 thousand - II degree and about 2,600 - I degree were issued for the difference.

ORDER "VICTORY"

Total weight - 78 g:
Material:
platinum - 47 g
gold - 2 g,
silver - 19 g,
rubies - 25 carats,
diamonds - 16 carats.
Established: November 8, 1943
First award: April 10, 1944
Last awarded: September 9, 1945
(February 20, 1978)
Number of awards: 20 (19)

By a decree of November 8, 1943, the order was established, its statute and description of the sign were approved. The statute said: "The Order of Victory, as the highest military order, is awarded to senior officers of the Red Army for the successful conduct of such military operations, on the scale of several or one front, as a result of which the situation radically changes in favor of the Red Army."
In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, 19 awards were made with the Order of Victory. The Generalissimo of the Soviet Union I.V. Stalin, Marshals G.K. Zhukov and A.M. Vasilevsky received it twice. Marshals I.S.Konev, K.K.Rokossovsky, R.Ya. Malinovsky, F.I.Tolbukhin, L.A. Govorov, S.K. Timoshenko and General of the Army A.I. Antonov. Marshal K. A. Meretskov awarded for distinction in the war with Japan.
In addition, five foreign commanders were awarded the Soviet military order for their contribution to the overall victory over fascism. These are the Supreme Commander of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia Marshal Broz Tito, the Supreme Commander of the Polish Army Marshal M. Rola-Zhimersky, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Armed Forces in Western Europe, General of the Army D. Eisenhower, the commander of the army group in Western Europe and B. Montgury B. Montgury former King of Romania Mihai.

ORDER OF NAKHIMOV
I degree

Established: March 3, 1944
First award: May 16, 1944
Number of awards: more than 500

ORDER OF NAKHIMOV
II degree

Artist B. M. Khomich.
Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."
The Order of Nakhimov was awarded “for outstanding successes in the development, conduct and support of naval operations, as a result of which an offensive operation of the enemy was repulsed or active operations of the fleet were ensured, significant damage was inflicted on the enemy, and its main forces were retained; for a successful defensive operation, as a result of which the enemy was defeated; for a well-conducted antiamphibious operation that inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; for skillful actions to defend their bases and communications from the enemy, which led to the destruction of significant enemy forces and the disruption of his offensive operation. "

ORDER OF USHAKOV
I degree

ORDER OF USHAKOV
II degree

Established in 1944. Artist B. M. Khomich.
The Order of Ushakov is the highest in relation to the Order of Nakhimov. The Ushakov Order is subdivided into two degrees. I degree of the Order of Ushakov was made of platinum, II - of gold. For the Order of Ushakov, the colors of the Andreevsky naval flag of pre-revolutionary Russia were taken - white and blue. Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."
The Order of Ushakov could be issued for an active successful operation, as a result of which a victory over a numerically superior enemy was achieved. It could be a naval battle, as a result of which significant enemy forces were destroyed; a successful landing operation that led to the destruction of enemy coastal bases and fortifications; bold actions on the naval communications of the fascists, as a result of which valuable enemy warships and transports were sunk. In total, the Order of Ushakov II degree was awarded 194 times. Among the units and ships of the Navy, 13 have this award on their banners.

There is a statement that Stalin was very fond of reading and in one day calmly read 500 pages. The main literature preferred by the leader of the USSR was historical works. He read almost all the works of ancient Greek and Roman chroniclers, read Stalin and the book written by Hitler - "Mein Kampf".

Stalin's passion for historical works was reflected in Soviet literature as well. Thus, the famous work of Alexei Tolstoy "Peter the First" was written by order of Stalin. During the writing of the novel, on Stalin's instructions, the author gained access to state archives, and it was thanks to the data obtained that the book turned out to be truly historical. Stalin perfectly understood that without knowledge of the past it is impossible to build the future, and therefore, at the height of the Great Patriotic War, he made an attempt to show his people how the formation of a great state took place.

It is obvious that it was the Russian Army of Peter I that prompted Stalin to introduce guards units into the Soviet Army. Many perceived the decision to rename four rifle divisions - 100, 127, 153 and 161 into the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Guards - ambiguously and even somewhat hostile. First of all, this was due to the emerging associations with the White Guard, but Stalin was not in vain a competent strategist and tactician, because it was at this time that Alexei Tolstoy's work "Peter the First" appeared, in which the guardsmen are shown as real heroes who do not retreat from the battlefield , but showing heroism in confrontation with the prevailing forces of the enemy. This is exactly what Stalin was counting on.

Guards units became models of heroism for the rest of the military units, and each of these units sought to prove that it was also ready to bear the valiant name - Guards. In May 1942, the insignia of the Guards was introduced, in appearance it resembled the Order of the Red Banner, and each soldier considered the highest award to wear this badge on his chest.

The guards were Alexander Matrosov, who covered the enemy bunker with his body, Alexei Maresyev took part in air battles with prostheses instead of legs, Ivan Kozhedub, who shot down 62 Nazi aircraft according to official statistics. Indeed, Soviet soldiers treasured the honor of wearing the proud title of a Guardsman, and in every battle they proved that they were not in vain awarded such an honor.

During the Great Patriotic War, other state awards were introduced, awarded for courage, valor and courage.

In May 1942, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st and 2nd degree was adopted. There is no such family in the cities and villages of our Motherland, where the military awards of the soldiers, deserved by them during the Second World War, are kept. One of these awards is the Order of the Patriotic War.

The insignia shines with golden rays that emanate from a five-pointed star, and the star itself lies on a cavalry saber and rifle. The first Soviet soldier to receive the award was Captain Ivan Ilyich Krykliy. Under his command, the artillery division of the 13th Guards Rifle Division destroyed 32 German tanks in the battles near Kharkov. For this feat on July 2, 1942, the hero was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree.

On July 29, 1942, the Order of Suvorov of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degrees was adopted. There is no peace without victories. "Victory is the enemy of war," said the great commander Alexander Suvorov. The commander always taught his soldiers that one should never fold, even in front of a strong enemy, and one should always be ready for battles and campaigns. It is Suvorov who owns the words: "Nothing but an attack." During the Great Patriotic War, the Order of Suvorov became the highest award for Soviet commanders. The first to be awarded the highest award of the commanders was Georgy Zhukov. He was awarded for the victory at Stalingrad. He had the Order of Suvorov under No. 112 and Stalin. Zhukov said very well about the meaning of the award: “To receive the first Order of Suvorov for me was not only an honor, but also an incentive for further victories. I could not shame the honor of the greatest commander Alexander Suvorov, whose order was awarded to me by my state. "

On July 29, 1942, one more of the orders was adopted, which marked the merits of the Soviet commanders - the Order of Kutuzov of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degrees. One of the main mottos of Mikhail Kutuzov were the words: "One of the main goals of all our actions is to destroy the enemy to the last opportunity." This motto inspired Soviet commanders during the Great Patriotic War, and many of them were awarded the Order of Kutuzov for their courage. The first order bearer was General Ivan Fedyuninsky, who showed himself during the breakthrough of the blockade of Leningrad. Fedyuninsky received his award in the hospital, where he underwent treatment after his injury.

Together with the Orders of Kutuzov and Suvorov, another order was adopted, which was awarded to Soviet officers for their courage and heroism - the Order of Alexander Nevsky. The order depicts the image of Alexander Nevsky. His words: “Whoever comes to us with a sword will perish by the sword. The Russian land has stood and will remain on that ”, were like a motto for all Soviet people. The first order was awarded to Senior Lieutenant Ivan Ruban on November 5, 1942. The battalion commander of the Marine Corps, Senior Lieutenant Ivan Ruban, received an award for the courage, ingenuity and military skill that the young officer showed during the defense of Stalingrad. The battalion under the command of Ruban defeated the enemy regiment, which was supported by a huge number of tanks.

In 1943, there were bloody battles for the liberation of Ukrainian cities and villages from the Nazi occupation. On October 10, 1943, four days before the liberation of Zaporozhye, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnytsky, 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree, was adopted. The first holder of the order was Major General Oleksiy Danilov, commander of the 12th Army of the 3rd Ukrainian Front. This was how his merit in the liberation of the Ukrainian city was noted.

Soldier's roads are shrouded in gunpowder smoke, soldier's banners are burnt in flames, perhaps that is why the ribbon on which the soldier's order of Glory is worn is made in the color of gunpowder and fire. During the Great Patriotic War, the Order of Glory was awarded to soldiers and sergeants for their courage in battles with the enemy. The first holder of the Order of Glory was Georgy Israelian, deputy commander of a sapper platoon of the 140th regiment of the 182nd rifle division. For all the years of the war, 2,456 soldiers of the Soviet army became knights of the order. The order was awarded not only to individual servicemen, but also to entire units. So, for the breakthrough of impregnable enemy shelters, which was made by the fighters of the 1st battalion of the 215th regiment of the 77th Guards Rifle Division, the military unit was awarded the honorary title "Battalion of Glory".

The order that no one has ever been awarded is the Order of Stalin. The reason why the order, fully developed and adopted by the Presidium of the Supreme Council, did not become a state award lies in the person in whose honor it was named. It was Joseph Vissarionovich who refused in 1949 to approve the order as a state award, as a result, the order remained just a development.

Medals of the USSR - catalog of medals of the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union with photographs, descriptions, history of their establishment and awards, prices.

Leave only the medals of the Second World War

After the revolution of 1917, and the formation of a new state, it was decided to abandon the system of awards of tsarist Russia, so that all military medals of the USSR were created from scratch.

Since 1924, awards for special merits have been produced by the only award established in the country - the Order of the Red Banner of the Battle. By 1937, more than 32 thousand people received it, and this led to a devaluation of the award. In order to keep the value of the order at the appropriate level, it was decided to create junior awards - medals of the USSR.

Clause 9 of Article 121 of the Constitution of the USSR states that the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: “establishes orders and medals; establishes honorary titles; awards orders and medals; confers honorary titles; " Thus, orders and medals established by individual republics, departments and divisions are not state awards of the USSR.

The first medal of the armed forces of the USSR in 1938 was the jubilee medal of the XX years of the Red Army, and ten months later the first military medals of the Soviet Union - "For Courage" and "For Military Merit" were instituted. Both of them became exclusively military, the first of them was awarded directly for courageous actions in battle, the second can be obtained in aggregate for a number of less significant actions, as well as for successes in military and political training. A month later, in December 1938, by analogy with them, the labor medals of the USSR were instituted - "For Labor Valor" and "For Labor Distinction", designed to encourage people who have accomplished labor exploits.

The last awards established in the pre-war period were the insignia of special distinction for citizens awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, this is the Gold Star medal for the military and the Hammer and Sickle medal for civilians.

Medals of the Great Patriotic War of the USSR

With the German attack on the USSR in June 1941, a period of heavy battles began, feats and other heroic deeds were committed en masse, and it became necessary to expand the reward system.

The initial period of the Great Patriotic War was characterized by a number of heroic defensive battles. To commemorate all the participants in those events, in December 1942, Soviet medals were instituted for the defense of Odessa, Sevastopol, Leningrad and Stalingrad. By that time, the first two cities after the heroic defense were abandoned by order of the headquarters, for the second two battles continued.

By February 1943, the enemy had been stopped, and the partisan movement in the occupied territories of the USSR, operating in the rear and undermining the communications and military depots of the enemy, acquired the greatest importance. In 1943, more than a million Soviet citizens took part in the partisan movement, and to celebrate their contribution to the victory, a medal for the Partisan of the Patriotic War was created.

By the summer of 1943, there were already 15 awards for military merit in the Soviet award system, which forced to change the rules for wearing them. Since the summer of 1943, all round-shaped awards were worn on the left side of the chest, in addition, the special insignia “Gold Star” and “Hammer and Sickle” were also worn on the left side of the chest, and instead of medals, it was allowed to wear award ribbons on rectangular strips.

After the victory in the Great Patriotic War, a number of new awards were instituted, they were Soviet medals for the liberation of European capitals: Belgrade, Prague, Warsaw. Also, there were medals of the Second World War for the capture of the support centers of Nazi Germany: Vienna, Konigsberg, Budapest, Berlin, besides them, special commemorative medals of the USSR were created: "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." and "For the victory over Japan".

After the end of the Second World War, the question arose of restoring the destroyed economic and industrial potential of the Soviet Union. Millions of people took part in large-scale construction projects, and commemorative signs were created for their participation in these events, such as medals for the restoration of ferrous metallurgy enterprises, Donbass mines, and the construction of the BAM.

In the future, the award system of the USSR was expanded by establishing Soviet medals in honor of the anniversaries of the country's largest cities, the 800th anniversary of Moscow, the 250th anniversary of Leningrad and the 1,500th anniversary of Kiev.

In 1979, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union decided to put things in order in the award system, and approved the "General Regulations on Orders, Medals and Honorary Titles of the USSR." According to this document, all the medals of the USSR were collected in eight groups:

• Medals - special insignia;
• Medals for rewarding for labor merit;
• Medals for rewarding for services in the defense of the socialist Fatherland and other military services;
• Medals for awarding merit in solving the most important national economic problems of the USSR;
• Medals for rewarding mothers for having many children and raising children;
• Medals for awarding merit in the performance of civil and official duties;
• Medals for awarding merit and distinction during the Great Patriotic War, in defense, the capture and liberation of cities and territories;
• Medals for awarding in connection with the most important anniversaries in the history of the Soviet people.

On our website, we have created a catalog of USSR medals with prices, their descriptions, photographs, the history of the institution and awards. The indicated cost of the USSR medals is approximate, and to a large extent the price may fluctuate depending on the condition, availability of documents and the fame of the recipient.

Reward - one of the forms of encouragement, evidence of recognition of special merits.
The main awards are:
conferring the title of Hero of Russia, Hero of Labor, honorary titles, awarding orders, medals, certificates of honor, diplomas, prizes, badges, entry into the Book of Honor or the Board of Honor, announcement of gratitude, etc.
The greatest test for the Armed Forces and the entire Soviet people was the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, which ended in complete victory against fascism. It had a world-wide historical significance, had a tremendous impact on the entire post-war development of mankind.
The Soviet armed forces delivered humanity from the threat of fascist enslavement, saved world civilization, and helped many peoples of Europe to free themselves from fascist slavery.
The Soviet Armed Forces also fulfilled their internationalist duty in relation to the peoples of Asia enslaved by militarist Japan, primarily China, Korea, and Vietnam.
For heroic deeds on the fronts of the Volika Patriotic War, 11,603 soldiers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 104 of them received this title twice, and G.K. Zhukov, I.N. Kozhedub and A.I. Pokryshkin - three times.
More than 7 million people were awarded orders and medals.
Formations, units and ships of the Soviet Armed Forces were awarded 10,900 orders.
Soviet partisans, militias and underground fighters fought the enemy with unparalleled courage.
The economic base of the victorious Great Patriotic War was the country's socialist economy, skillful mobilization and organization of all the forces and means of the state to defeat the enemy. A well-coordinated military economy was created in the USSR, the unity of the front and rear was achieved. Soviet people displayed massive labor heroism, accomplished a feat, equal to which history has not yet known.
During the war, the Soviet Union produced weapons and military equipment 2 times more and of better quality than Nazi Germany.
Our industry produced (from July 1, 1941 to September 1, 1945) 134,100 aircraft, 102,800 tanks and self-propelled artillery mounts, 825,200 guns and mortars.
Moral - political unity, Soviet patriotism, friendship of the peoples of the multinational Soviet state, just and noble goals of war, boundless love for the Motherland, burning hatred for the enemy gave rise to mass heroism in the ranks of the Soviet Army and the Navy.
The Great Patriotic War was the most difficult of all wars in world history. The war claimed more than 20 million Soviet lives, which accounted for 40% of all human losses in the Second World War. The Soviet Armed Forces lost more than 3 million of their soldiers during the liberation of the peoples of Europe and Asia.
The Nazis turned into ruins thousands of cities, towns, villages and villages of the Soviet Union.
The total amount of damage to the national economy and individual citizens from direct destruction and looting amounted to 679 billion rubles.
During the Great Patriotic War, 12 orders and 25 medals were established, which were awarded to the Soviet wars, members of the partisan movement, underground workers, home front workers, and militias.

Among the established medals were: Among the orders established were:

In December 1942, the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" was established to award all active participants in the defense of the city on the Neva. After a series of discussions on the projects, a sketch of the artist N.I.

At the very beginning of 1943, the Leningrad Mint received an order to produce the first batch of medals "For the Defense of Leningrad". By that time, the most valuable equipment and most of the company's specialists had been evacuated. Workers and engineers toiled in the besieged city to produce awards. Already in April, the first thousand medals were awarded to the defenders of the city on the front lines. In total, the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" was awarded to about 1 million 470 thousand people.

A special medal was established for all participants in the defense of Odessa. After a discussion of the award projects presented by several artists, a drawing by N.I. Figures of warriors of two types of troops who fought shoulder to shoulder with the enemy symbolize the inextricable unity of the army and navy in battles for the city.

Established in 1942. Artist N. I. Moskalev

The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was established on December 22, 1942, along with the medals for the defenders of Leningrad, Sevastopol and Stalingrad. All servicemen - participants in the defense of the city, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense of Odessa had the right to receive it. In total, the medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to about 30 thousand people. For heroic resistance, courage and steadfastness in the fight against enemies, Odessa received in 1945 the honorary name "Hero City".

On December 22, 1942, when Sevastopol was still occupied, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR established the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol", created according to a sketch by the artist N. I. Moskalev.

Established in 1942. Artist N. I. Moskalev

All active participants in the defense of the city in 1941 - 1942, both military and civilians, received the right to this award. Currently, about 50,000 medals “For the Defense of Sevastopol” have been issued.

At the height of the battle on the Volga, in December 1942, the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was instituted. The sketch for the medal was developed by the artist N.I. Moskalev.

Established in 1942. Artist N. I. Moskalev

Along with the servicemen who fought against the Nazis in the Stalingrad area, civilians who took part in the defense of the city were also awarded. About 760 thousand of his defenders received medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad".

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 1, 1944, the medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was established, the Regulations on the medal and its description were approved.

Eligibility for the Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"

had all the servicemen who took part in the defense of the capital for at least a month from October 19, 1941, when the city was declared under a state of siege, and until January 25, 1942, when the enemy was driven back from its walls.

Civilians who participated in the defense of the city during this period for a month also received a medal. In addition, awards were given to all Muscovites who took part in the construction of defensive fortifications around Moscow, in air defense, in maintaining public order and in other activities related to the defense of the city. In total, more than a million people were awarded the medal, including 20 thousand children.

On the eve of the twentieth anniversary of the treacherous attack of Nazi Germany on the Soviet Union on June 21, 1961, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR instituted a medal "For the Defense of Kiev" (drawing by artist V. N. Atlantov).

Established in 1961. Artist V. N. Atlantov

All servicemen and civilians who took part in the defense of the city in July - September 1941, as well as members of the Kiev underground and partisans who fought against the Nazis near Kiev, received the right to this award. At present, about 105 thousand people have been awarded the medal "For the Defense of Kiev".

On medals "For the Defense of the Caucasus", established on May 1, 1944 (by N.I. Moskalev), the central element of the image is Mount Elbrus as a symbol of the Caucasus. Soviet tanks are depicted at the foot of the mountain, and planes are in the sky.

Established in 1944. Artist N. I. Moskalev

All military and civilians who participated in the defense of the Caucasus for at least three months in the period from July 1942 to October 1943 received the right to wear this medal. At present, about 870 thousand people have been awarded the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus".

History of creation medals "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" differs in that the idea of ​​such an award was born in the troops of the Karelian Front. Workers of the intelligence service of the front headquarters, on their own initiative, made several drawings of the future medal, collectively selected the best one (the author was Lieutenant Colonel V. Alov) and gave it the name "For the defense of the Soviet Arctic".

Medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic"
Established in 1944.

The proposal was supported by the Front Military Council, headed by the commander, Colonel-General V.A.Frolov, the project was sent to Moscow. And despite the fact that several Moscow artists were also invited to make their designs for this medal, the drawing sent from the Arctic was ultimately approved by the Supreme Command. The artist A.I.Kuznetsov had only to modify minor details in the drawing. December 5, 1944 medal "For the defense of the Soviet Arctic" was approved. It was awarded to all participants in the fight against the enemy in this region. The number of awarded medals exceeds 350 thousand.

The award "Partisan of the Patriotic War" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 2, 1943 and had two degrees. The author of the drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev. Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" was intended to reward ordinary partisans, commanders and organizers of the partisan movement who showed "steadfastness and courage in the partisan struggle for our Soviet homeland in the rear against the German fascist invaders."

Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War". I degree.
Established in 1943. Painter. N. I. Moskalev

The 1st degree medal was awarded for special services in organizing the partisan movement, for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in partisan struggle.

Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War". II degree.

The 2nd degree medal was awarded to rank-and-file partisans and commanders for their personal contribution to the common struggle against the Nazis, for active assistance in this struggle. Medal of the 1st degree "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 56 thousand people were awarded, II degree - about 71 thousand people.

Participants in the operation for the liberation of Belgrade were awarded a medal for the liberation of this city. On all five projects of the medal, the main element is the inscription “For the liberation of Belgrade”, and only two of them have a five-pointed star in the center. The project of the artist A. I. Kuznetsov was approved: in the center of the front side of the medal, framed by a laurel wreath, there is an inscription “For the liberation of Belgrade”, at the top there is a five-pointed star.

Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" (obverse and reverse)
Established in 1945. Artist A. I. Kuznetsov

On the reverse side, the date of the liberation of the Yugoslav capital is "October 20, 1944". This award is worn on a green moire ribbon with a wide black longitudinal stripe in the middle. The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" was established on June 9, 1945. On August 31 of the same year, the Secretariat of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR approved the Regulations on the procedure for handing it over to all direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of the capital of Yugoslavia from the Nazis, as well as to the organizers and leaders of this operation. In total, about 70 thousand people received the award.

The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945, and on August 31 the Secretariat of the Presidium approved the Regulations on the procedure for awarding the medal.

Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" (obverse and reverse)
Established in 1945. Artist Kuritsyn

The medal had the right to receive all direct participants in the hostilities for the liberation of the Polish capital in the period from 14 to 17 January, as well as the organizers and leaders of this operation. More than 690 thousand people were awarded the medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw".

June 9, 1945 by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR established medal "For the Liberation of Prague"... While working on the sketches of the award, the artists were given the task to make the inscription "For the liberation of Prague" as the basis of the front side.

Medal "For the Liberation of Prague" (obverse and reverse)
Established in 1945.
Artists A. I. Kuznetsov and Skorzhinskaya

On the approved project of the medal of artists A. I. Kuznetsov and Skorzhinskaya, in addition to the inscription "For the liberation of Prague", there is an image of the rising sun as a symbol of freedom that has come to the Czechoslovak capital. On the reverse side of the award is the date "May 9, 1945" - the day of the complete cleansing of Prague from the Nazis. Medal "For the Liberation of Prague" received more than 395 thousand people.

In memory of the capture of the capital of Hungary - Budapest on February 13, a special medal was instituted. On the front side of the award there is an inscription "For the capture of Budapest", on the reverse - the date "February 13, 1945" - the day of the liberation of the city from the Nazis.

Medal "For the capture of Budapest" (obverse and reverse)
Established in 1945.
Artists A. I. Kuznetsov

In accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 9, 1945, the medal was awarded to all direct participants in the assault and capture of the capital of Hungary, as well as to the commanders in charge of the Budapest operation. Total medal "For the capture of Budapest" more than 350 thousand people were awarded.

In memory of the assault and capture of Konigsberg (later renamed Kaliningrad), an award medal was instituted. Among more than a dozen design drawings for the future medal, the sketches of the artist N.I. One of the projects, according to which a test sample in metal was later made, depicts a Soviet soldier with a banner in one hand and an assault rifle in the other against the background of a tank and self-propelled artillery unit going to assault. For the first time in the history of domestic awards, its image on the sketch for the medal did not appear by accident, since powerful self-propelled artillery mounts played an important role in the destruction of Konigsberg fortifications.

Medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" (obverse and reverse)
Established in 1945.
Artists A. I. Kuznetsov

But on the final version of the medal according to the drawing by A. I. Kuznetsov, only the inscription “For the capture of Konigsberg” was left on the obverse and the date of the final fall of the fortress - “April 10, 1945” on the back. In total, more than 760 thousand participants in the hostilities in East Prussia were awarded the medal.

A special medal for the participants in the storming and liberation of Vienna was established on June 9, 1945. There are more than 15 design drawings by different artists submitted for the competition, most of them are based on the image of powerful new Soviet military equipment.

Medal "For the capture of Vienna" (obverse and reverse)
Established in 1945. Zvorykin's artists

In the end, only the inscription "For the capture of Vienna" was made on the medal and the date "April 13, 1945" was indicated on the back. The author of the drawing is the artist Zvorykina. More than 270 thousand people were awarded the medal.

Medal "For the capture of Berlin" (obverse and reverse)
Established in 1945.

The medal was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 9, 1945. It could be received by all servicemen who took part in the war at the front, as well as who did not take part in hostilities, but who served for a certain time in the system of the People's Commissariat of Defense; workers of the rear evacuation hospitals of the Red Army and the Navy; workers, employees and collective farmers who took part in the struggle against the occupiers as part of partisan detachments behind enemy lines.

Medal "For the victory over Germany


Artists E. M. Romanov and K. Andrianov

In total, 14 million 900 thousand people were awarded this medal.

The task to prepare a draft of such a medal was given by General of the Army A. V. Khrulev on May 21, 1945. On July 4, a sample of the medal was presented for government approval with the front side exactly the same as on the medal "For Victory over Germany", but with the inscription on the back side "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." The difference was also that the medal "For Victory ..." was made of brass, and the medal "For Valiant Labor ..." was made of copper.

Medal "For Honorable Labor
in the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945 "
(obverse and reverse). Established in 1945.

The medal was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 6, 1945. It could be received by all home front workers - workers, office workers, collective farmers, scientists and cultural workers, workers of Soviet, party, trade union and other public organizations who ensured the victory of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War with their valiant and selfless labor. To be awarded a medal, it was necessary to work in the period from June 1941 to May 1945 for at least one year. In total, about 16 million 100 thousand people were awarded the medal.

All participants in the battles in the Far East in 1945 received the right to the medal "For Victory over Japan." It was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated September 30, 1945. The author of the drawing is the artist M.L. Lukina.

Medal "For the victory over Japan".
(obverse and reverse). Established in 1945. Artist M. L. Lukina

In addition to the direct participants in the battles, this award was awarded to the servicemen of the central directorates of the Soviet Armed Forces, who took part in supporting the combat operations of our troops in the Far East. In total, more than 1.8 million people were awarded the medal "For Victory over Japan".

The highest degree of distinction - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union - was established on April 16, 1934. Somewhat later, on August 1, 1939, the Gold Star medal was instituted, which was awarded to those who received this high title.

Medal "Gold Star" of the Hero of the Soviet Union
(obverse and reverse). Established in 1939

During the Great Patriotic War, 11,635 soldiers, as well as partisans and underground fighters earned the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. 115 of them were awarded this distinction twice, and two fighter pilots Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin and Ivan Nikitich Kozhedub wore three Gold Star medals on their chests on the day of Victory over Nazi Germany.

Medal of Honor". Established in 1938

The Medal For Courage was established on October 17, 1938. During the war Medal of Honor" has been issued over 4 million times.

Medal for Military Merit. Established in 1938.

The group of B.M.Khomich worked on the drawings of marine medals. The seniority belonged to the award bearing the name of F.F.Ushakov. Ushakov's medal was silver, one of its elements was an anchor, the reverse side of Ushakov's medal was smooth. The combination of colors of ribbons for the Ushakov medal repeated the combination of the order of the same name. A silver miniature anchor chain became an original addition to the Ushakov medal ribbon.

Ushakov's medal (obverse and reverse).
Established in 1944. Artist B. M. Khomich

Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military medals: Ushakov's medals and Nakhimov's medals." So far, the Ushakov medal has been issued more than 15 thousand times.

The Nakhimov medal was made of bronze. The reverse of the Nakhimov medal depicted a sailing ship of the line, similar to those that, in the famous Battle of Sinop in 1853, under the leadership of Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov, defeated and destroyed the Turkish squadron. The ribbon of the Nakhimov medal resembles the color of the collar of a uniform sailor's shirt - three white stripes on a blue background.

Nakhimov Medal (obverse and reverse).
Established in 1944. Artist B. M. Khomich

Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military medals: Ushakov's medals and Nakhimov's medals." In total, 467 awards were made with the Order of Nakhimov II degree. Among the awardees - two units of the Soviet Navy - the only ones in the Soviet Armed Forces, awarded with two naval orders. The military merits of the 51st Tallinn Red Banner Mine and Torpedo Aviation Regiment of the Baltic Fleet Air Force were awarded the Orders of Ushakov and Nakhimov. In total, more than 13 thousand people were awarded the Nakhimov medal.

On May 21, 1943, for military personnel of units and formations awarded the rank of guards, the badge "Guard"... The artist S.I.Dmitriev was instructed to draw a drawing of the future sign. As a result, a laconic and at the same time expressive project was adopted, representing a five-pointed star framed by a laurel wreath, above it a red banner with the inscription "Guard". On the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 11, 1943, this sign was also placed on the banners of armies and corps that received the rank of guards. The difference was that on the banner of the Guards Army, the sign was depicted in a wreath of oak branches, and on the banner of the Guards Corps - without a wreath.

Established in 1943. Artist S.I.Dmitriev

All in all, during the war, until May 9, 1945, the ranks of the guards were awarded: 11 combined arms and 6 tank armies; horse-mechanized group; 40 rifle, 7 cavalry, 12 tank, 9 mechanized and 14 aviation corps; 117 rifle, 9 airborne, 17 cavalry, 6 artillery, 53 air and 6 anti-aircraft artillery divisions; 7 divisions of rocket artillery; many dozens of brigades and regiments. In the Navy, there were 18 surface guards ships, 16 submarines, 13 battalions of combat boats, 2 air divisions, 1 marine brigade and 1 naval railway artillery brigade.

On May 20, 1942, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees" was signed and together with it the statute of the new order. For the first time in the history of the Soviet award system, specific feats were listed, for which an award was given to representatives of all the main branches of the military.

Order of the Patriotic War. I degree

The Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees could be received by the privates and commanding staff of the Red Army, the Navy, the NKVD troops and partisans who showed courage, resilience and courage in battles with the Nazis, or by their actions contributed to the success of the combat operations of the Soviet troops. The right to this order of civilians, who were awarded for their contribution to the overall victory over the enemy, was specially stipulated.

The Order of the 1st Class is awarded to the one who personally destroys 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks, or as part of a gun crew - 3 heavy or medium tanks or 5 light tanks. The Order of the II degree could be earned by someone who personally destroyed 1 heavy or medium tank or 2 light tanks, or as part of a gun crew of 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks.

In June 1942, it was decided to establish orders named after the great Russian commanders - Suvorov, Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky. These orders could be awarded to generals and officers of the Red Army for distinction in battles with the Nazis, for skillful leadership of hostilities.

The Order of Suvorov on the screw. I degree

The 1st degree of the Order of Suvorov was awarded to commanders of fronts and armies, their deputies, chiefs of staff, operational directorates and combat arms of fronts and armies for an excellently organized and conducted operation on an army or front scale, as a result of which the enemy was defeated or destroyed. One circumstance was specially stipulated - the victory was to be won with smaller forces over a numerically superior enemy, according to the famous Suvorov rule: "The enemy is beaten not by number, but by skill."

The Order of Suvorov on the screw and on the block. II degree

The Order of Suvorov II degree could be awarded to the commander of a corps, division or brigade, as well as his deputy and chief of staff for organizing the defeat of a corps or division, for breaking through a modern enemy defensive zone with its subsequent pursuit and destruction, as well as for organizing a battle in an encirclement, leaving from the encirclement while maintaining the combat capability of their units, their weapons and equipment. The insignia of the II degree could also be received by the commander of an armored formation for a deep raid behind enemy lines, "as a result of which a sensitive blow was inflicted on the enemy, ensuring the successful implementation of an army operation."

The Order of Suvorov on the screw. III degree

The Order of Suvorov III degree was intended to reward the commanders of regiments, battalions and companies for the skillful organization and implementation of a victorious battle with forces smaller than those of the enemy.

The Order of Kutuzov (designed by artist N. I. Moskalev) of the 1st degree could be received by the commander of the front, army, his deputy or chief of staff for the good organization of the forced withdrawal of large formations with counter-attacks to the enemy, withdrawal of his troops to new lines with low losses; for the skillful organization of the operation of large formations in the fight against superior enemy forces and the preservation of their troops in constant readiness for a decisive offensive.

The Order of Suvorov on the screw and on the block. I degree

The statute is based on the fighting qualities that distinguished the activities of the great commander M.I.Kutuzov - skillful defense, exhausting the enemy and then going over to a decisive counteroffensive.

Order of Kutuzov on the screw. II degree

One of the first Orders of Kutuzov, II degree, was awarded to Major General KS Melnik, commander of the 58th Army, which defended the section of the Caucasian Front from Mozdok to Malgobek. In difficult defensive battles, exhausting the main forces of the enemy, the army of KS Melnik launched a counteroffensive and, breaking the enemy's line of defense, fought in the Yeisk area.

Order of Kutuzov on the screw. III degree

In the regulation on the Order of Kutuzov of the III degree there is such a point: the order can be given to an officer "for the skillful development of a battle plan that ensured a clear interaction of all types of weapons and its successful outcome."

In drawing competition the Order of Alexander Nevsky was won by the architect I.S.Telyatnikov. The artist used a shot from the film "Alexander Nevsky", which was released shortly before, in which Soviet actor Nikolai Cherkasov starred. His profile in this role was reproduced in the drawing of the future order. A medallion with a portrait image of Alexander Nevsky is located in the center of a five-pointed red star, from which silver rays radiate; along the edges there are ancient Russian military attributes - crossed reeds, a sword, a bow and a quiver with arrows.

According to the statute, the order was awarded to officers of the Red Army (from division commander to platoon commander) for their initiative in choosing the right moment for a sudden, bold and successful attack on the enemy and inflicting a major defeat on him with small losses for his troops; for the successful completion of a combat mission with the destruction of all or most of the superior enemy forces; for commanding an artillery, tank or air unit that inflicted heavy damage on the enemy.

In total, over the years of the war, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was awarded more than 42 thousand awards to Soviet soldiers and about 70 foreign generals and officers. More than 1470 military units and formations received the right to attach this order to the battle banner.

In the summer of 1943, the Soviet army was preparing for the liberation of Soviet Ukraine. The idea of ​​the award, bearing the name of an outstanding Ukrainian statesman and commander, belongs to film director A.P. Dovzhenko and poet M. Bazhan. The project of Pashchenko was recognized as the best. The main material for the order of the 1st degree is gold, II and III - silver. The statute of the order was approved together with the Decree establishing the order on October 10, 1943. The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky was awarded to soldiers and commanders of the Red Army, as well as partisans for their distinction in battles during the liberation of Soviet land from the Nazi invaders.

The Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, I degree, could be received by a front or army commander for a successful operation, using skillful maneuvering, as a result of which a city or region was liberated from the enemy, and the enemy suffered a serious defeat in manpower and equipment.

Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky. II degree

The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree could be earned by an officer from corps commander to regiment commander for breaking through a fortified enemy strip, a successful raid behind enemy lines.

Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky. III degree

The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, III degree, could be received, along with officers and partisan commanders, for sergeants, foremen and rank-and-file soldiers of the Red Army and partisan detachments for their courage and resourcefulness shown in battles, which contributed to the fulfillment of the assigned combat mission.

In total, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky made about eight and a half thousand awards, including the first degree - 323, the second - about 2400 and the third - more than 5700. Over a thousand military units and formations received the order as a collective award.

In October 1943, the project of N.I. Moskalev was approved by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. At the same time, the color of the ribbon of the future Order of Glory, proposed by the artist, was approved - orange-black, repeating the colors of the most honorable military award of pre-revolutionary Russia - the Order of St. George.

Order of Glory. I degree. Established in 1943

The Order of Glory was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 8, 1943. It has three degrees, of which the highest I degree is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree had a gilded central medallion). This insignia could be issued for a personal feat on the battlefield, issued in a strict sequence - from the lowest to the highest.

The Order of Glory could be received by the one who first burst into the enemy's location, who in battle saved the banner of his unit or captured the enemy, who, risking his life, saved the commander in battle, who shot down a fascist plane from his personal weapons (rifle or machine gun), or destroyed up to 50 enemy soldiers, etc.

In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, about a million insignia of the Order of Glory, III degree, more than 46 thousand - II degree and about 2,600 - I degree were issued for the difference.

By a decree of November 8, 1943, the order was established, its statute and description of the sign were approved. The statute said: "The Order of Victory, as the highest military order, is awarded to senior officers of the Red Army for the successful conduct of such military operations, on the scale of several or one front, as a result of which the situation radically changes in favor of the Red Army."

Order "Victory". A. I. Kuznetsov

In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, 19 awards were made Order "Victory"... The Generalissimo of the Soviet Union I.V. Stalin, Marshals G.K. Zhukov and A.M. Vasilevsky received it twice. Marshals I.S.Konev, K.K.Rokossovsky, R.Ya. Malinovsky, F.I.Tolbukhin, L.A. Govorov, S.K. Timoshenko and General of the Army A.I. Antonov. Marshal K. A. Meretskov awarded for distinction in the war with Japan.

In addition, five foreign commanders were awarded the Soviet military order for their contribution to the overall victory over fascism. These are the Supreme Commander of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia Marshal Broz Tito, the Supreme Commander of the Polish Army Marshal M. Rola-Zhimersky, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Armed Forces in Western Europe, General of the Army D. Eisenhower, the commander of the army group in Western Europe and B. Montgury B. Montgury former King of Romania Mihai.

Orders named after great naval commanders could be awarded to officers of the Navy "for outstanding services in the organization, leadership and support of combat operations and for the successes achieved as a result of these operations in battles for the Motherland."

Established in 1944. Artist B. M. Khomich

The Order of Ushakov is the highest in relation to the Order of Nakhimov. The Ushakov Order is subdivided into two degrees. I degree of the Order of Ushakov was made of platinum, II - of gold. For the Order of Ushakov, the colors of the Andreevsky naval flag of pre-revolutionary Russia were taken - white and blue. Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."

The Order of Ushakov could be issued for an active successful operation, as a result of which a victory was achieved over a numerically superior enemy. It could be a naval battle, as a result of which significant enemy forces were destroyed; a successful landing operation that led to the destruction of enemy coastal bases and fortifications; bold actions on the naval communications of the fascists, as a result of which valuable enemy warships and transports were sunk. In total, the Order of Ushakov, II degree, was awarded 194 times. Among the units and ships of the Navy, 13 have this award on their banners.

On the sketch of the Order of Nakhimov, the star consisted of five anchors, their stocks facing the medallion with the portrait of the admiral from the drawing by V.F. Timm. The Order of Nakhimov is subdivided into two degrees. The first degree of the Order of Nakhimov was to become gold, the second - silver. The star beams on the 1st class order were made of rubies. For the ribbon of the Order of Nakhimov, a combination of the colors of the Order of George was taken - orange and black.

Established in 1944. Artist B. M. Khomich

Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."

The Order of Nakhimov was awarded “for outstanding successes in the development, conduct and support of naval operations, as a result of which an offensive operation of the enemy was repulsed or active operations of the fleet were ensured, significant damage was inflicted on the enemy, and its main forces were retained; for a successful defensive operation, as a result of which the enemy was defeated; for a well-conducted antiamphibious operation that inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; for skillful actions to defend their bases and communications from the enemy, which led to the destruction of significant enemy forces and the disruption of his offensive operation. "

Established in 1924

In 1924, two years after the formation of the USSR, an all-Union combat Order of the Red Banner. Hundreds of thousands of soldiers of the Soviet Army, partisans and civilians performed the feats marked by this award during the Great Patriotic War.

Established in 1930

On April 6, 1930, the Order of Lenin was approved. During the Great Patriotic War, more than 36 thousand people were awarded the Order of Lenin for military distinctions.

Established in 1930

April 6, 1930 approved Order of the Red Star. During the Great Patriotic War Order of the Red Star was issued about 2,900,000 times.

ORDERS AND MEDALS OF THE WORLD

Military awards are the brightest monuments of our military history, reminiscent of the glorious pages of the struggle against the enemies of the Fatherland.

MEDAL "GOLDEN STAR" OF THE HERO OF THE SOVIET UNION

Established: April 16, 1934
First award: April 20, 1934
Last awarded: 24 December 1991
Number of awards: 12772

The highest degree of distinction of the USSR. An honorary title, which was awarded for the performance of a feat or outstanding service during hostilities, as well as, as an exception, in peacetime.
The title was first established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 16, 1934, an additional insignia for the Hero of the Soviet Union - the Gold Star medal - was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 1, 1939.
On April 16, 1934, by a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was established in the wording: "To establish the highest degree of distinction - conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for personal or collective services to the state associated with the performance of a heroic deed." No insignia were provided, only a diploma from the Central Executive Committee of the USSR was issued.
All eleven pilots - the first Heroes of the Soviet Union - received the Order of Lenin. The practice of awarding was enshrined in the Resolution of the CEC in the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on July 29, 1936. In this edition, citizens who were awarded the title, in addition to the diploma, were also entitled to the Order of Lenin.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 1, 1939, a special distinctive sign was introduced for the Heroes of the Soviet Union - the “Hero of the Soviet Union” medal. Another decree of October 16, 1939 approved the appearance of the medal, which was named "Gold Star". In contrast to the original Regulation, it was now possible to reward the Gold Star multiple times. Twice the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the second Gold Star medal and a bronze bust was erected for him in his homeland. Three times the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the third Gold Star medal, and his bronze bust is to be installed at the Palace of Soviets in Moscow. The issuance of the Orders of Lenin was not provided for when the second and third medals were awarded. The decree said nothing about awarding the title for the 4th time, as well as about the possible number of awards for one person.
The numbering of medals for the first, second and third awards was separate. Since the construction of the grandiose Palace of the Soviets in Moscow was not completed due to the war, the busts of the Heroes were erected three times in the Kremlin.

MEDAL "FOR BATTLE MERIT"

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 17, 1938.
The Medal "For Military Merit" was awarded to:
... servicemen of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops
... other citizens of the USSR,
... as well as persons who are not citizens of the USSR.
The medal was awarded to distinguished persons for:
... For skillful, proactive and courageous actions in battle that contributed to the successful fulfillment of combat missions by a military unit or subunit;
... For the courage shown in the defense of the state border of the USSR;
... For excellent successes in combat and political training, mastering new military equipment and maintaining high combat readiness of military units and their subunits, and other merits during active military service.
The Medal "For Military Merit" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other USSR medals, is placed after the Ushakov medal.
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Military Merit" was awarded 5,210,078.

MEDAL OF HONOR"

Diameter - 37 mm
Established: October 17, 1938
Number of awards: 4,000,000

State award of the USSR and the Russian Federation. It was established on October 17, 1938 to reward the soldiers of the Red Army, the Navy and the Border Guard for personal courage and bravery in battles against the enemies of the Soviet Union while protecting the inviolability of state borders or when fighting saboteurs, spies and other enemies of the Soviet state. Among the first to be awarded this medal were border guards N. Gulyaev and F. Grigoriev, who detained a group of saboteurs at Lake Khasan. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1992 No. 2424-1, the medal was retained in the system of awards of the Russian Federation. Established again by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 2, 1994 No. 442.
The Medal "For Courage" is awarded to military personnel, as well as employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and other citizens of the Russian Federation for personal courage and bravery shown by:
... in battles while protecting the Russian Federation and its state interests;
... when performing special tasks to ensure the state security of the Russian Federation;
... while protecting the state border of the Russian Federation;
... in the performance of military, service or civil duty, protection of the constitutional rights of citizens in conditions associated with a risk to life.
The Medal "For Courage" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the Russian Federation, it is located after the medal of the Order of Merit to the Fatherland, II degree.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF LENINGRAD"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 1,470,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the project of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
All participants in the defense of Leningrad were awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad":
... servicemen of units, formations and institutions of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, who actually participated in the defense of the city;
... workers, employees and other civilians who participated in hostilities to protect the city, contributed to the defense of the city by their selfless work at enterprises, institutions, participated in the construction of defensive structures, in air defense, in the protection of public utilities, in the fight against fires from raids by enemy aircraft, in the organization and maintenance of transport and communications, in the organization of catering, supply and cultural services for the population, in caring for the sick and wounded, in organizing childcare and other measures to defend the city.
The medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the rescue of drowning people".
Persons awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" have the right to be awarded the later established jubilee medal "In Commemoration of the 250th Anniversary of Leningrad".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" was awarded to about 1,470,000 people. Among them there are 15 thousand blockade children and adolescents.

MEDAL "FOR THE DEFENSE OF ODESSA"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 30,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Odessa - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of Odessa is considered August 10 - October 16, 1941.
The medal was awarded on behalf of the USSR PVS on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the defense of Odessa, issued by unit commanders, heads of military medical institutions, Odessa regional and city Soviets of Working People's Deputies.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are available, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Moscow".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to about 30,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF SEVASTOPOL"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 52540

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the approved design of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Sevastopol - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The defense of Sevastopol lasted 250 days, from October 30, 1941 to July 4, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Odessa".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to approximately 52,540 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF STALINGRAD"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 759560

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Stalingrad - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of the defense of Stalingrad is considered to be July 12 - November 19, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to approximately 759,560 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF THE CAUCASUS"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 870,000

The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Caucasus - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense.
The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Kiev".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to about 870,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF MOSCOW"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: May 1, 1944
Number of awards: 1,028,600

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 1, 1944. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The Medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Moscow:
... all servicemen and civilian personnel of the Soviet Army and NKVD troops who participated in the defense of Moscow for at least one month during the period from October 19, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
... civilians who were directly involved in the defense of Moscow for at least one month during the period from October 19, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
... servicemen of parts of the Moscow air defense zone and air defense units, as well as civilians - the most active participants in the defense of Moscow from enemy air raids from July 22, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
... servicemen and civilians from the population of the city of Moscow and the Moscow region, who took an active part in the construction of defensive lines and structures of the defensive line of the Reserve Front, Mozhaisk, Podolsk borders and Moscow bypass.
... partisans of the Moscow region and active participants in the defense of the hero-city of Tula.
The medal "For the Defense of Moscow" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to approximately 1,028,600 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF THE SOVIET ZAPOLARS"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 5, 1944
Number of awards: 353,240

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 5, 1944. The author of the image of the medal is Lieutenant Colonel V. Alov with modifications by the artist A. I. Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Arctic - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of the Soviet Arctic is considered June 22, 1941 - November 1944.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are available, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to approximately 353,240 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF KIEV"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 21, 1961
Number of awards: 107,540

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 21, 1961. The author of the project of the medal is the artist V. N. Atlantov.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Kiev - servicemen of the Soviet Army and the troops of the former NKVD, as well as all workers who took part in the defense of Kiev in the ranks of the people's militia, at the construction of defensive fortifications, working in factories and plants serving the needs of the front, members of the Kiev underground and partisans who fought with the enemy near Kiev. The period of defense of Kiev is considered July - September 1941.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to approximately 107,540 people.

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF BELGRADE"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 70,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945. The project of the medal was created by the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Belgrade from September 29 to October 22, 1944, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Berlin".
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" was awarded to about 70,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF WARSAW"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 701,700

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Kuritsyna.
As of January 1, 1995, the medal “For the Liberation of Warsaw” has been awarded to approximately 701,700 people.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops who were direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Warsaw from January 14-17, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal is awarded on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the liberation of Warsaw, issued by the commanders of units and heads of military medical institutions.
Delivery is made:
... persons in military units of the Red Army and the Navy - commanders of military units;
... persons who retired from the army and navy - regional, city and district military commissars at the place of residence of the awarded.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade".

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF PRAGUE"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 395,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The authors of the medal drawing are the artist A. I. Kuznetsov and the artist Skorzhinskaya.
The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Prague from May 3 to 9, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw".
As of 1962, the medal "For the Liberation of Prague" was awarded to over 395,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING BERLIN"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 1,100,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Berlin during the Great Patriotic War.
According to the Regulations on the medal "For the capture of Berlin" it was awarded "Military personnel Soviet Army, Navy and NKVD troops are direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Berlin, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations in the capture of this city. "
In total, more than 1.1 million people were awarded the medal "For the capture of Berlin".
Medal "For the capture of Berlin" - round, 32 mm in diameter, made of brass. On the obverse side of the medal in the center there is an inscription “For the capture of Berlin”. Along the lower edge of the medal there is an image of an oak half-wreath intertwined in the middle part with a ribbon. There is a five-pointed asterisk above the inscription. The medal is bordered on the obverse side. On the reverse side of the medal the date of the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops is minted: "May 2, 1945"; below is a five-pointed asterisk. All inscriptions and images on the front and back of the medal are convex. In the upper part of the medal there is an eyelet, which connects the medal with a ring to a metal pentagonal block, which serves to attach the medal to clothing. The shoe is covered with a 24 mm wide red silk moire ribbon. In the middle of the tape there are five stripes - three black and two orange.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING BUDAPEST"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 362,050

The medal "For the capture of Budapest" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Budapest in the period December 20, 1944 - February 15, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Budapest" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the victory over Japan".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal “For the capture of Budapest” was awarded to approximately 362,050 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING VIENNA"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 277 380

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Vienna during the Great Patriotic War.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the assault and capture of Vienna in the period March 16 - April 13, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Konigsberg".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the capture of Vienna" was awarded to approximately 277,380 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING KENIGSBERG"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 760,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Konigsberg in the period from January 23 to April 10, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Budapest".
In 1987, the medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" was awarded to about 760,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR VICTORY OVER GERMANY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 14,933,000

Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 9, 1945. The authors of the medal are the artists E. M. Romanov and I. K. Andrianov.
Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." were awarded:
... all servicemen and civilian personnel who took direct part in the ranks of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops on the fronts of the Patriotic War or ensured victory by their work in military districts;
... all servicemen and civilian personnel who served during the Great Patriotic War in the ranks of the active Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, but who left them due to injury, illness and injury, as well as transferred by decision of state and party organizations to another work outside the army.
Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are available, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic."
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." approximately 14,933,000 people were awarded.

MEDAL "FOR VICTORY OVER JAPAN"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: September 30, 1945
Number of awards: 1,800,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated September 30, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Lukina M.L.
The Medal "For Victory over Japan" is awarded to:
... all servicemen and personnel of the civilian staff of units and formations of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops who took direct part in hostilities against the Japanese imperialists as part of the troops of the 1st Far Eastern, 2nd Far Eastern and Transbaikal fronts, the Pacific Fleet and the Amur river flotilla;
... servicemen of the central directorates of the NKO, the NKVMF and the NKVD, who took part in supporting the combat operations of Soviet troops in the Far East.
The medal "For Victory over Japan" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are present, it is placed after the jubilee medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." Interestingly, Stalin looks to the right (towards Japan), while in the medal "For Victory over Germany" he looks to the left (towards Germany).
The total number of those awarded with the medal "For the victory over Japan" is about 1,800,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR GOOD WORK IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - copper
Established: June 6, 1945
Number of awards: 16 096 750

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 6, 1945. The authors of the drawing of the medal are the artists I.K.Andrianov and E.M. Romanov.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." are awarded:
... workers, engineering and technical personnel and employees of industry and transport;
... collective farmers and agricultural specialists;
... workers in science, technology, art and literature;
... workers of Soviet, party, trade union and other public organizations - who ensured the victory of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War with their valiant and selfless labor.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are present, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Prague".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." approximately 16096750 people were awarded.

I degree

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - 1st degree - silver

Number of awards: 1st degree - 56,883

MEDAL "TO PARTISAN OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR"
II degree

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - 2nd degree - made of brass
Established: February 2, 1943
Number of awards: 2nd degree - 70,992

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on February 2, 1943. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N. I. Moskalev, the drawing is taken from the unrealized project of the medal "25 years of the Soviet Army".
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" was awarded to partisans, commanding officers of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for special services in organizing the partisan movement, for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in the partisan struggle for the Soviet Motherland in the rear of the German fascist invaders.
Partisans of the Patriotic War, the commanding staff of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement who have shown courage, fortitude, courage in the partisan struggle for our Soviet Motherland in the rear against the German fascist invaders are awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st and 2nd degrees.
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st and 2nd degree is awarded by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Partisans, commanding officers of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in the partisan struggle for our Soviet Motherland in the rear of the German fascist invaders are awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st degree.
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 2nd degree is awarded to partisans, the commanding staff of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for personal military distinction in fulfilling orders and assignments of the command, for active assistance in the partisan struggle against the Nazi invaders.
The highest degree of the medal is the 1st degree.
The medal "To the Partisan of the Patriotic War" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are available, it is placed after the medal "For Labor Distinction" in the order of seniority of degrees.
Until 1974, this medal was the only medal of the USSR that had 2 degrees. As of January 1, 1995, 56,883 people were awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree, 2nd degree - 70,992 people.

NAKHIMOV'S MEDAL

Diameter - 36 mm
Material - bronze
Established: March 3, 1944
Number of awards: 14,000

The medal was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.
The Nakhimov medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and naval units of the border troops.
The Nakhimov medal was awarded:
... for skillful, proactive and courageous actions that contributed to the successful fulfillment of combat missions of ships and units in naval theaters;
... for the courage shown in the defense of the state maritime border of the USSR;
... for the dedication shown in the performance of military duty, or other merits during active military service in conditions fraught with risk to life.
The Nakhimov medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is located after the medal "For Military Merit".
In total, over 13,000 Nakhimov medals were awarded.

USHAKOV'S MEDAL

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 3, 1944.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and the naval units of the border troops for courage and bravery shown in the defense of the Socialist Fatherland in naval theaters, both in war and in peacetime.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded for personal courage and courage shown by:
... in battles with the enemies of the socialist Fatherland in maritime theaters;
... while protecting the state maritime border of the USSR;
... when performing combat missions of ships and units of the Navy and border troops;
... in the performance of military duty in conditions associated with a risk to life.
The Ushakov medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other USSR medals, it is placed after the medal "For Courage".

BADGE "GUARD"

On May 21, 1943, the "Guard" badge was instituted for servicemen of units and formations awarded the title of Guards. The artist S.I.Dmitriev was instructed to draw a drawing of the future sign. As a result, a laconic and at the same time expressive project was adopted, representing a five-pointed star framed by a laurel wreath, above it a red banner with the inscription "Guard". On the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 11, 1943, this sign was also placed on the banners of armies and corps that received the rank of guards. The difference was that on the banner of the Guards Army, the sign was depicted in a wreath of oak branches, and on the banner of the Guards Corps - without a wreath.
All in all, during the war, until May 9, 1945, the ranks of the guards were awarded: 11 combined arms and 6 tank armies; horse-mechanized group; 40 rifle, 7 cavalry, 12 tank, 9 mechanized and 14 air corps; 117 rifle, 9 airborne, 17 cavalry, 6 artillery, 53 air and 6 anti-aircraft artillery divisions; 7 divisions of rocket artillery; many dozens of brigades and regiments. In the Navy, there were 18 surface guards ships, 16 submarines, 13 battalions of combat boats, 2 air divisions, 1 marine brigade and 1 naval railway artillery brigade.

ORDER OF THE RED BANNER

Established September 16, 1918
First award on September 30, 1918
Last award 1991
Number of awards 581 300

Established to reward for special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland. The Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military units, warships, government and public organizations. Until the establishment of the Order of Lenin in 1930, the Order of the Red Banner remained the highest order of the Soviet Union.
It was established on September 16, 1918 during the Civil War by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Originally it was called the Order of the Red Banner. During the Civil War, similar orders were also established in other Soviet republics. On August 1, 1924, all orders of the Soviet republics were transformed into a single Order of the Red Banner for the entire USSR. The statute of the order was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated January 11, 1932 (on June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947, amendments and additions and changes were made to this Decree by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR). The latest edition of the order's statute was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980.
The Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the Komsomol, the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, the Baltic State Technical University Voenmekh, the cities of Leningrad (Petrograd), Kopeysk, Grozny, Tashkent, Volgograd (Tsaritsyn), Lugansk, Sevastopol.

ORDER OF THE RED STAR

Established: April 6, 1930
First award: V.K.Blyukher
Last awarded: 19 December 1991
Number of awards: 3876740

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930. The statute of the order was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated May 5, 1930.
Subsequently, the issues related to the awarding of the Order of the Red Star were amended and clarified by the General Regulations on the Orders of the USSR (Resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of May 7, 1936), Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943, February 26, 1946, October 15, 1947 and December 16, 1947. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the Statute of the Order of the Red Star was approved in a new edition.

THE ORDER OF LENIN

Dimensions: height: 38-45 mm
width: 38 mm
Material: gold, platinum
Established: April 6, 1930
First award: 23 May 1930
Last awarded: December 21, 1991
Number of awards: 431 418

The history of the order dates back to July 8, 1926, when the head of the Main Directorate of the Red Army V. N. Levichev was asked to issue a new award - the Order of Ilyich - to persons who already had four Orders of the Red Banner. This award was to become the highest military distinction. However, since the Civil War in Russia had already ended, the draft of the new order was not adopted. At the same time, the Council of People's Commissars recognized the need to create the highest award of the Soviet Union, awarded not only for military merit.
At the beginning of 1930, work on the project of a new order, called the Order of Lenin, was resumed. The artists of the Goznak factory in Moscow were ordered to create a drawing of the order, the main image on the sign of which was to be a portrait of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. From many sketches, we chose the work of the artist I.I.Dubasov, who took as the basis for the portrait a photograph of Lenin taken at the II Congress of the Comintern in Moscow by photographer V.K.Bulla in July-August 1920. It depicts Vladimir Ilyich in profile to the left of the viewer.
In the spring of 1930, the sketch for the order was handed over to the sculptors I.D.Shadr and P.I.Tayozhny to create a model. In the same year, the first insignia of the Order of Lenin were made at the Goznak factory.
The order was established by a decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 6, and its statute was on May 5, 1930. The statute of the order and its description were amended by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of September 27, 1934, by the Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of June 19, 1943 and of December 16, 1947.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the statute of the order was approved in the final version.

ORDER OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR
I degree

Established: May 20, 1942
First award: June 2, 1942
Number of awards: over 9.1 million

ORDER OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR
II degree

On May 20, 1942, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees" was signed and together with it the statute of the new order. For the first time in the history of the Soviet award system, specific feats were listed, for which an award was given to representatives of all the main branches of the military.
The Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees could be received by persons of the rank and file of the Red Army, the Navy, the NKVD troops and partisans who showed courage, fortitude and courage in battles with the Nazis, or by their actions contributed to the success of the combat operations of the Soviet troops. The right to this order of civilians, who were awarded for their contribution to the overall victory over the enemy, was especially stipulated.
The Order of the 1st Class is awarded to the one who personally destroys 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks, or as part of a gun crew - 3 heavy or medium tanks or 5 light tanks. The Order of the II degree could be earned by someone who personally destroyed 1 heavy or medium tank or 2 light tanks, or as part of a gun crew of 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks.

ORDER OF ALEXANDER NEVSKY

Diameter - 50 mm
Material - silver
First awarded: November 5, 1942
Number of awards: 42 165

Architect I. Telyatnikov won the competition for the drawing of the Order of Alexander Nevsky. The artist used a shot from the film "Alexander Nevsky", which was released shortly before, in which Soviet actor Nikolai Cherkasov starred. His profile in this role was reproduced in the drawing of the future order. A medallion with a portrait image of Alexander Nevsky is located in the center of a five-pointed red star, from which silver rays radiate; along the edges — ancient Russian military attributes — crossed reeds, a sword, a bow and a quiver with arrows.
According to the statute, the order was awarded to officers of the Red Army (from division commander to platoon commander) for their initiative in choosing the right moment for a sudden, bold and successful attack on the enemy and inflicting a major defeat on the enemy with small losses for their troops; for the successful completion of a combat mission with the destruction of all or most of the superior enemy forces; for commanding an artillery, tank or air unit that inflicted heavy damage on the enemy.
In total, over the years of the war, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was awarded more than 42 thousand awards to Soviet soldiers and about 70 foreign generals and officers. More than 1470 military units and formations received the right to attach this order to the battle banner.

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
I degree

Established: July 29, 1942
First award: January 28, 1943
Number of awards: I degree - 675
II degree - 3326
III degree - 3328

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
II degree

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
III degree

The Order of Kutuzov (designed by artist N.I. for the skillful organization of the operation of large formations in the fight against superior enemy forces and the preservation of their troops in constant readiness for a decisive offensive.
The statute is based on the fighting qualities that distinguished the activities of the great commander M.I.Kutuzov - skillful defense, exhausting the enemy and then going over to a decisive counteroffensive.
One of the first orders of Kutuzov, II degree, was awarded to Major General KS Melnik, commander of the 58th Army, which defended the section of the Caucasian Front from Mozdok to Malgobek. In difficult defensive battles, exhausting the main forces of the enemy, the army of KS Melnik launched a counteroffensive and, breaking the enemy's line of defense, fought in the Yeisk area.
In the regulation on the Order of Kutuzov of the III degree there is such a point: the order can be given to an officer "for the skillful development of a battle plan, which ensured a clear interaction of all types of weapons and its successful outcome."

ORDER OF SUVOROV
I degree

Established: July 29, 1942
First awarded: January 28, 1943
Number of awards: 7267

ORDER OF SUVOROV
II degree

ORDER OF SUVOROV
III degree

In June 1942, it was decided to establish orders named after the great Russian commanders - Suvorov, Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky. These orders could be awarded to generals and officers of the Red Army for distinction in battles with the Nazis, for skillful leadership of hostilities.
The 1st degree of the Order of Suvorov was awarded to commanders of fronts and armies, their deputies, chiefs of staff, operational directorates and combat arms of fronts and armies for an excellently organized and conducted operation on an army or front scale, as a result of which the enemy was defeated or destroyed. One circumstance was specially stipulated — the victory was to be won with smaller forces over a numerically superior enemy, according to the famous Suvorov rule: "The enemy is beaten not by number, but by skill."
The Order of Suvorov II degree could be awarded to the commander of a corps, division or brigade, as well as his deputy and chief of staff for organizing the defeat of a corps or division, for breaking through a modern enemy defensive zone with its subsequent pursuit and destruction, as well as for organizing a battle in an encirclement, exit from the encirclement while maintaining the combat capability of their units, their weapons and equipment. The insignia of the II degree could also have been received by the commander of an armored formation for a deep raid behind enemy lines, "as a result of which a sensitive blow was inflicted on the enemy, ensuring the successful implementation of an army operation."
The Order of Suvorov III degree was intended to reward the commanders of regiments, battalions and companies for the skillful organization and implementation of a victorious battle with forces smaller than those of the enemy.

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
I degree

Diameter: 55mm
Established: October 10, 1943
First award: October 28, 1943
Number of awards: 8451

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
II degree

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
III degree

In the summer of 1943, the Soviet army was preparing for the liberation of Soviet Ukraine. The idea of ​​the award, bearing the name of an outstanding Ukrainian statesman and commander, belongs to film director A.P. Dovzhenko and poet M. Bazhan. The project of Pashchenko was recognized as the best. The main material for the order of the 1st degree is gold, II and III — silver. The statute of the order was approved together with the Decree establishing the order on October 10, 1943. The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky was awarded to soldiers and commanders of the Red Army, as well as partisans for distinction in battles during the liberation of Soviet land from the Nazi invaders.
The Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, I degree, could be received by a front or army commander for a successful operation, using skillful maneuvering, as a result of which a city or region was liberated from the enemy, and the enemy suffered a serious defeat in manpower and equipment.
The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree could be earned by an officer from corps commander to regiment commander for breaking through a fortified enemy strip, a successful raid behind enemy lines.
The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, III degree, could be received, along with officers and partisan commanders, for sergeants, foremen and rank-and-file soldiers of the Red Army and partisan detachments for their courage and resourcefulness shown in battles, which contributed to the fulfillment of the assigned combat mission.
In total, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky made about eight and a half thousand awards, including the first degree — 323, the second — about 2400, and the third — more than 5700. Over a thousand military units and formations received the order as a collective award.

ORDER OF GLORY
I degree

Diameter: 46mm

First award: November 28, 1943
Number of awards: more than 1 million

ORDER OF GLORY
II degree

ORDER OF GLORY
III degree

In October 1943, the project of N.I. Moskalev was approved by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. At the same time, the color of the ribbon of the future Order of Glory, proposed by the artist, was approved - orange-black, repeating the colors of the most honorable military award of pre-revolutionary Russia - the Order of St. George.
The Order of Glory was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 8, 1943. It has three degrees, of which the highest I degree is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree has a gilded central medallion). This insignia could be issued for a personal feat on the battlefield, issued in a strict sequence — from the lowest to the highest.
The Order of Glory could be received by the one who first burst into the enemy's location, who in battle saved the banner of his unit or captured the enemy, who, risking his life, saved the commander in battle, who shot down a fascist plane from his personal weapons (rifle or machine gun), or destroyed up to 50 enemy soldiers, etc.
In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, about a million insignia of the Order of Glory of the III degree, more than 46 thousand - the II degree and about 2600 - the I degree were issued for the difference.

ORDER "VICTORY"

Total weight - 78 g:
Material:
platinum - 47 g
gold - 2 g,
silver - 19 g,
rubies - 25 carats,
diamonds - 16 carats.
Established: November 8, 1943
First award: April 10, 1944
Last awarded: September 9, 1945
(February 20, 1978)
Number of awards: 20 (19)

By a decree of November 8, 1943, the order was established, its statute and description of the sign were approved. The statute said: "The Order of Victory, as the highest military order, is awarded to senior officers of the Red Army for the successful conduct of such military operations, on the scale of several or one front, as a result of which the situation radically changes in favor of the Red Army."
In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, 19 awards were made with the Order of Victory. The Generalissimo of the Soviet Union I.V. Stalin, Marshals G.K. Zhukov and A.M. Vasilevsky received it twice. Marshals I.S.Konev, K.K.Rokossovsky, R.Ya. Malinovsky, F.I.Tolbukhin, L.A. Govorov, S.K. Timoshenko and General of the Army A.I. Antonov. Marshal K. A. Meretskov awarded for distinction in the war with Japan.
In addition, five foreign commanders were awarded the Soviet military order for their contribution to the overall victory over fascism. These are the Supreme Commander of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia Marshal Broz Tito, the Supreme Commander of the Polish Army Marshal M. Rola-Zhimersky, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Armed Forces in Western Europe, General of the Army D. Eisenhower, the commander of the army group in Western Europe and B. Montgury B. Montgury former King of Romania Mihai.

ORDER OF NAKHIMOV
I degree

Established: March 3, 1944
First award: May 16, 1944
Number of awards: more than 500

ORDER OF NAKHIMOV
II degree

Artist B. M. Khomich.
Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."
The Order of Nakhimov was awarded “for outstanding successes in the development, conduct and support of naval operations, as a result of which an offensive operation of the enemy was repulsed or active operations of the fleet were ensured, significant damage was inflicted on the enemy, and its main forces were retained; for a successful defensive operation, as a result of which the enemy was defeated; for a well-conducted antiamphibious operation that inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; for skillful actions to defend their bases and communications from the enemy, which led to the destruction of significant enemy forces and the disruption of his offensive operation. "

ORDER OF USHAKOV
I degree

ORDER OF USHAKOV
II degree

Established in 1944. Artist B. M. Khomich.
The Order of Ushakov is the highest in relation to the Order of Nakhimov. The Ushakov Order is subdivided into two degrees. I degree of the Order of Ushakov was made of platinum, II - of gold. For the Order of Ushakov, the colors of the Andreevsky naval flag of pre-revolutionary Russia were taken - white and blue. Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."
The Order of Ushakov could be issued for an active successful operation, as a result of which a victory over a numerically superior enemy was achieved. It could be a naval battle, as a result of which significant enemy forces were destroyed; a successful landing operation that led to the destruction of enemy coastal bases and fortifications; bold actions on the naval communications of the fascists, as a result of which valuable enemy warships and transports were sunk. In total, the Order of Ushakov II degree was awarded 194 times. Among the units and ships of the Navy, 13 have this award on their banners.

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