Choosing paints for drawing a child. Types of art paints and their composition Types of art paints for painting

It so happens that a muse wakes up in my soul and I want to create, namely to draw, and even try to do it in an unusual technique for myself. I think that many people like to splash their emotions on canvas, but not everyone does it with oil paints. But in vain. Oil paints have a number of their advantages, and any beginner, by connecting his imagination, will be able to draw a wonderful picture.

Today I propose to consider what equipment is needed for oil painting. The set is, in principle, standard, as for many techniques. But there are nuances everywhere.

1. Paints

Oil paints are standard, they work with a thinner, and they are water-soluble. They differ only in that a special liquid is added to the latter, which allows water and oil to interact. For many artists, this type of oil paint is wild. But this is actually a very good alternative for those who do not want to deal with thinners.

It is important to know what oil paints are made of. Usually it is pigment, oil and turpentine. Pigments are natural and synthetic, of course, depending on the type, both the price and the color saturation vary. Oil also has its own varieties - walnut, linseed, hemp, soflora and poppy.

It is best for beginners to choose synthetic ones in order to try themselves in this technique and see if things will go further.

2. Brushes

This point is one of the most important. This is the perfect tool for the perfect expression of the author's idea and the texture of the painting. It depends on the brush whether the paint will lay down as needed, whether you can highlight small details and make the picture deeper, more vivid.

What material are brushes made of:

- made of synthetic fiber;

- from natural fibers (coarse pork bristles, as well as from fur-bearing animals such as sable).

Natural brushes are relatively expensive. But their quality speaks for itself - the brush retains its shape with the accumulated paint and takes exactly the same after strokes.

What form are the cysts:

– flat brushes- the length is greater than the width, have a rectangular shape. When viewed from the side, they look flat. They are the most practical: you can make a wide, triangular stroke when twisting and a narrow line. It is also the main paint mixing brush.

– semicircular flat- tassels that were originally made round, and then became flattened. They allow you to control the accuracy of the contour if its shape is unusual and irregular.

– retouching- a flat brush with an angled tip. Usually made from synthetic fibers. Used for colored plans, sketches, as they make clear sharp corners. They do an excellent job with color transitions, making them less coarse.

– fan-shaped- also flat, have a not very dense bunch like a fan. Necessary to create subtle color stretch marks, can be used to reduce the contrast between contours and texture.

– Cat tongue- a flat brush with a dome or oval shape. You can write like a regular flat brush, and in a perpendicular position to the surface - like a round one. The leader among brushes in transitions from one color to another.

– stencil- the tip of the nose of such a brush is blunt and flat, and strokes must be applied to the canvas with vertical strokes.

– linear- a variation of round brushes with thin and long hair. Ideal for fine lines, long strokes and lettering.

3. Palette

A palette is an important thing for an artist; paints are mixed in it and new desired colors are obtained. It can be held in your hand or placed next to it on the table, as you like. Available in three variations - glass, plexiglass (plexiglass) or wood.

It must be remembered that the care of the palette depends precisely on the material from which it is made. Before use, a wooden palette must be wiped with linseed oil and wiped dry. Rinse immediately after use, rub in oil and dry again.

Glass is easier to use - it is not necessary to remove paint residues immediately after painting, as they are peeled off even when dry.

It is also advisable to clean the plexiglass palette immediately, failure to comply with this rule will lead to the fact that you can scratch the material, trying to separate the dried paint from it.

4. Thinner

This liquid is needed in order to make the paints thinner for a comfortable process.

Usually one of three is used - linseed oil, petroleum or a tee. Petroleum will become indispensable for allergy sufferers, as well as those who simply cannot stand strong odors, since this liquid does not have it.

5. Canvas

Actually the material on which the artist paints the picture. Nowadays there is a huge variety of canvases that can puzzle and confuse any beginner. But don't be intimidated. In fact, everything is simple - they are usually made from flax or cotton... It is the property of the material that gives them graininess, there are fine-grained, medium-grained, coarse-grained.

If you need to clearly draw every detail, it is better to purchase a fine-grained canvas, this view also allows you to make smooth transitions from one color to another. If you decide to paint with large strokes and just draw out the outlines of objects, coarse-grained and medium-grained canvases are suitable.

Also, canvases are sold on cardboard or immediately in a stretcher, which greatly simplifies the process of converting an ordinary picture into a picture attached to the wall.

6. Means for removing paint from brushes

It must be remembered that after the painting process, it is necessary to thoroughly clean not only the palette, but also the brushes. Taking good care of this important tool will keep you comfortable the next time you paint.

To do this, you can buy a solvent white spirit for oil paints, or do it with the solvent with which you diluted the paints. In addition, the label of the tube of paint may indicate what exactly it should be diluted with.

7. A dish for washing brushes

You can either buy a special small bucket for this business in the artist's shop, or take what is at hand: a small jar, or an old unnecessary cup.

8. Great mood

The pictures that the artist draws always come from the soul. This process is mysterious and wonderful. Painting means belonging to yourself and the whole world at the same time. Therefore, be sure to approach this wonderful activity in a good mood, relaxed, spiritualized. And then you will get a result that will captivate any imagination.

Be creative and be happy!

Painting is a very exciting activity that allows you to create "beauty" with your own hands. Even if you are not a professional artist, but a person who has a desire to take up a brush to paint a picture, do not be afraid to try painting. About what types of paints exist, about the features and purpose of each of them, as well as where you can buy paints wholesale and retail, will be discussed in this article.

Types of paints

Watercolor paints

Perhaps, this type of art materials is familiar to each of us since childhood. Watercolor is a water-based paint designed for drawing on paper.

Children's watercolors are hardly suitable for serious drawing lessons, so it is best to purchase a special set of artistic watercolors. As a rule, they are available in tubes or cuvettes.

By the way, drawing with watercolors requires the use of an easel or tablet, since the paper will always be wet during work and can easily warp.

Watercolors have light, translucent colors that give new hues when mixed. Watercolor is great for portraits, landscapes and still lifes.

Gouache

Gouache has a denser texture than watercolor and dries to a matt surface when dry. It is difficult and simple to draw with gouache paints at the same time: the errors you make can be “hidden” by applying a new layer, but to get a different shade you will have to experiment. In this case, the layer should not be allowed to be too thick, otherwise, when the gouache dries, it may crack or crumble.

Gouache is divided into two types: art and poster. The first is intended exclusively for painting, and the second is for decoration work. It has a higher density, more saturated colors. In general, you can paint with gouache paints on paper, cardboard, canvas and even fabric.

Gouache is sold in separate jars, in which it is also diluted with water. However, with prolonged storage, gouache can dry out. You can dilute it with plain water by adding a drop of wood glue.

Acrylic paints

Acrylic is a relatively new, but already quite popular type of art materials. The advantage of acrylic is that anything can become a "work surface" for it: paper, fabric, ceramics, wood, glass or metal. And the colors of acrylic paints, regardless of the artistic purpose, always remain bright, juicy and “pleasing to the eye”. After drying, a permanent coating forms on the surface, which does not tarnish over time and does not wash off with water.

Acrylic paints come in different types: matte, glossy, pearlescent, glossy, and liquid or thick. Too thick can be diluted with water or special liquid. But you don't need to do this: in this case, acrylic allows you to create real masterpieces with an unusual texture.

Oil paints

The composition of oil paints includes a color pigment and oil - linseed, nut or sunflower. They are always in separate tubes and require from the artist not so much certain skills in working with them, but rather obligatory attributes: a palette, a canvas, high-quality brushes, a solvent, an easel.

Oil is rightfully considered the main material in painting: since the 16th century, many artists use this particular artistic material in their works. Oil paints, famous for their durability, have bright colors and dense texture, that is, what allows you to achieve volumetric and maximum realism of the image of a person, landscape or still life. You can paint with oil not only on canvas, but also on cardboard, primed paper, wood or other surfaces.

Tempera paints

There is no doubt about the durability, and most importantly, the practicality of this type of artistic materials: the painters of the Renaissance also used tempera. It is a paint that contains a color pigment, water, glue and oil. However, unlike oil paints, tempera paints dry much faster. In addition, tempera has a lot of advantages: it does not change its color over time, does not wash off with water after complete drying, and is combined with other types of paints.

But the most interesting property of tempera is its versatility, which makes it possible to work in various techniques: to apply transparent layers in the same way as in watercolor, or, conversely, as dense as in gouache. And using a pasty tempera is like working with oil. At the same time, a picture painted with tempera will not be similar to any of those made using the listed types of paints.

Where to buy paints?

The purchase of paints must be approached responsibly. You can buy them in large Internet hypermarkets (for example, Skynell) or in specialized stores (FineArt). However, if painting for you is not a one-minute hobby, but something more, then it is profitable to purchase paints in bulk. For example, in stores magok.ru (section art materials) or kraski-kisti.ru. Finding the right paint, brush, easel or other art supplies is easy, with affordable prices and a wide range of products. Delivery of goods is carried out throughout Russia, and discounts apply when ordering a large amount.

Do not be afraid to experiment and fantasize! Find your own combinations among the variety of colors! Good luck and creative success!

Drawing with paints is one of the favorite creative fun for a child! And every baby tries to "create" with the help of bright colors from 10-12 months. But how to choose the right colors so that drawing will only bring joy?

Why do children need paints?

set: it is good if the set with paints includes a pair of brushes and a sippy glass for water, where you can get the brush wet;

manufacturer: In addition to the previously purchased set, try to buy paints from the same manufacturer so that they match perfectly.

And finally, a couple of tips for choosing a brush if you buy it separately. There is nothing difficult here, just a few parameters need to be estimated. So, a wooden handle is better: it is more pleasant and harmless to the child's body than a plastic one. But the hair bun can be both natural and synthetic. It is more important that it holds securely, and the hairs do not fall out and lie flat when you wet the brush (in a good store they will easily give you a glass of water and a sheet of paper to make sure of its quality). And do not forget about the base - the clip in which the villi are fixed. It should be strong, not loose and with an inconspicuous seam. By the way, the brush for drying must be stored exclusively with a bunch upwards - this way it will preserve its properties longer.

Tell us, has your child already mastered and fell in love with drawing with paints - and if so, which ones?

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Artistic paints are made on the basis of pigments and binders plus fillers. Pigments can be mineral(inorganic) and organic. They determine value in many ways. artistic paints and affect their color, intensity and lightfastness.

The division of artistic paints takes place according to the binder:

1. Watercolor paints
2. Acrylic paints
3. Gouache paints
4. Tempera paints

Professional paints of any type are presented in series. That is, a certain list of paints of various colors is combined under a single name. For example, "Master Class", "Norma".

DIFFERENCES OF ART SERIES

The series of paints are distinguished by the following consumer properties:

• The breadth of the palette. The higher the paint level, the wider its palette.
• The presence in one color segment of opaque, translucent and transparent paints.
• Lightfastness of paints
• Pigment concentration. The higher the concentration, the lower the paint consumption

As a rule, the higher the level of paint, the more guaranteed its quality, the more stable it is.

• The presence of foreign inclusions in the paint mass. They occur if the pigment was poorly rubbed with a binder.
• Poor paint spreading: it lays down on the substrate in an uneven layer, with the formation of stripes and unpainted
• Instability when mixed with other paints in the series: discoloration of the pigment
• Poor consistency of paints: excessive fluidity or excessive pastiness
• Delamination of the paint mass: the pigment is separated from the binder.
• Low elasticity - dry cracking

Working with highly artistic paint will bring you incomparable pleasure. She has exactly the consistency that you need. It fits perfectly on the brush, spreads well over the base - no streaks or spots. She has an excellent selection of colors, especially gray shades - forest fog turns out exactly as you intended. And the high concentration of pigment allows you to use this paint very economically. And no cracking, even when rolling the canvas for transportation.

Why does a dirty gray tint appear when some paints are mixed?

The less pigments are mixed to create the desired color tone, the cleaner the color of the paint is, the more resistant it is, the better the paint miscibility. Manufacturers strive to create a mono-pigment paint that contains only one pigment. In this case, the buyer can mix two or three monopigment paints, creating the desired paint color on the palette, without the appearance of a dirty gray tint.

PRICE CATEGORIES OF PAINTS

The price of paint depends on the price of the pigment and on its concentration... Pigments have the biggest influence on the price of paint. This is understandable: some pigments are literally underfoot (for example, organic land), others are either very rare or require significant production capacity.

In Peredvizhnik, artistic paints are divided into various series intended for different segments of buyers:

• For professionals - highly artistic paints, segment PROS... They are made on high quality binders and lightfast pigments, with a high concentration of the latter, and with the minimum required filler.
• For students of professional art secondary schools and universities and amateur artists - a segment ACADEMY... Such paints are made on high-quality binders, but without the use of expensive pigments. The pigments used have a fairly high lightfastness and good concentration. One of the advantages of these paints is their low prices.
• For students of art schools - segment START; basically, they are made on the basis of inexpensive pigments and with a large percentage of fillers and binders, which affects the concentration of the pigment.

To say that this paint is bad and this is good is WRONG. It is important to understand what tasks this or that paint should solve.

SYMBOLS ON THE TUBE

Each manufacturer recommends using only paints of their own production for mixing, even if from different series. In this case, the manufacturer guarantees the compatibility of the paints, because knows for sure that they will not enter into a chemical reaction with each other. But many artists buy paints from different manufacturers and mix them together, at their own peril and risk. Most often, everything goes well.

The designations on the tube are the main characteristics of a particular paint:

Lightfastness

Each manufacturer has its own system for assessing the lightfastness of paints. For example, Winsor & Newton uses the following light fastness systems: AA (excellent light fastness), A (good light fastness, paint is fast for most uses), B (medium light fastness), and C (low light fastness).

Schmincke five groups of lightfastness:

***** - very high lightfastness

**** - high lightfastness

*** - normal light fastness

** - low lightfastness

* - low light fastness

Domestic paints are subdivided into three groups of lightfastness (the period of lightfastness is indicated in the museum conditions):

Or ***: 100 years

Or **: 25-100 years old

Or *: 10-25 years old

For whitewash this mark means:

* - strongly yellowing

** - medium yellow

*** - not yellowing

Transparency of paints

Opaque (Opaque: black square on tubes)

Semi-Opaque (black and white square)

Semi-Transparent: white square with strikethrough

Transparent (Transparent: white square).

Some firms use all 4 types of transparency, but more often they are limited to 3 types.

Color index pigment or Color-index is a universal designation for the composition and color of a pigment.

PWnn- White: White (+ number nn)

PY- Yellow: Yellow

PR- Red: Red

PV- Violet: Purple

PB- Blue: Blue

PG- Green: Green

PBr- Brown: Brown

PBk- Black: Black

(A) analog (imitation) color: Advances in modern chemistry have made it possible to obtain a wide range of pigments that are not only not inferior in quality to natural ones, but often surpass them in stability, lightfastness and color purity. Such paints are marked (A) / azo / hue.

On tubes of European manufacturers you can also often see the inscription "series 1/2/3 ...". It stands for pigment price group paints.

Art materials manufacturers produce two types of white paint:

Zinc white has a higher degree of transparency compared to titanium white.

When zinc white is introduced into the paint, the new color has a clear, transparent character. Titanium whitewash increases the hiding power of the paint. White mixed - the middle between zinc and titanium in terms of transparency.

Environmental friendliness

• If a pigment poses a health hazard, it is either prohibited for use (for example, lead white) or allowed by obliging the manufacturer to indicate warning information on the tube or bottle.
• When using paint in aerosol cans, the buyer should remember the following precautions: wear protective masks when spraying

Durability in the picture

The answer to this question, albeit indirectly, can be provided by information about how many years this paint has been produced, i.e. how long is the life of the manufacturer brand. It also directly depends on the level of a particular series of paints, because durability is the lightfastness and stability of the paint.

TYPES OF PACKING

What is the packaging of artistic paints:

• Cuvettes (dry watercolor only)
• Tubes (liquid watercolor, oil, tempera, acrylic)
• Banks (acrylic, sketch oil)
• Aerosol cans (acrylic)

MAKE THE PAINT YOURSELF

Having bought a pigment and a binder, you can independently make the artistic paint you need.

A painting is a reflection of the artist's inner world. Drawing another masterpiece, the author conveys mood, thoughts and ideas on the canvas. At the same time, she uses various styles and techniques of painting, a wide palette of colors. To create a picture, of course, requires talent, but you also need to be able to draw, correctly combine colors. All this can be learned from a young age. If you want to determine if your kid has artistic potential, give him paints to paint, let him create.

Artistic materials come in different types, compositions and purposes. In order not to get confused in all this diversity, let's take a closer look at which paints are best used for painting. Purchase high-quality paints and varnishes for children's creativity so as not to cause an allergic reaction.

If you have long dreamed of becoming an artist, holding brushes, a palette in your hands, drawing strokes on paper attached to an easel, this information will help you choose the right artistic tools for your creativity.

It's time to bring your plans to life. First, consider what types of paints are, their characteristics. This will help you make the right choice and purchase the desired material.

Watercolor

Probably, everyone had watercolors in their childhood, so you shouldn't introduce them too much. Already from the name "watercolor" one can understand that the dye contains water (aqua). Such material is intended for drawing exclusively on paper.

Watercolor paint kits for children are unlikely to be suitable for serious painting. Professional artists use watercolor for painting still lifes, portraits and landscapes, which is produced in tubes or cuvettes. When working with watercolors, an easel should be used. The watery structure of the material is absorbed into the paper and may warp.

The texture of the watercolor composition is light, translucent. The colors combine well, you can easily create different shades.

Gouache

Gouache paints are dense in composition and have rich colors. After they are completely dry, a matte finish is formed on the surface. For experienced artists, painting with gouache is not difficult. With its help, you can remove the flaws that have been made, cover the light paint with a dark color, and creating new shades will require professional skills and imagination.

There are 3 types of gouache paints:

• Artistic - used to paint pictures.

• Poster - with the help of the material, various visual campaigns are designed.

• Children's - has a non-toxic composition, used for drawing on paper.

The gouache composition is produced in small jars. Before use, it is diluted with water with the addition of wood glue. If you store gouache diluted, it dries quickly. With its help, you can draw something on a different surface (cardboard, paper, fabric, etc.). Do not apply a thick layer of gouache on the canvas; after drying, cracks will begin to appear and the paint will peel off.

Acrylic

Acrylic is one of the new types of artistic paints, popular among professional painters. The material is used for painting on glass, ceramics, paper, fabric, metal and wood. Acrylic paints have a vibrant color scheme. After application to the surface, they form a non-tarnishing, resistant coating that cannot be washed off with water.

Acrylic paints are produced in tubes. Before application, dilute with water or a special solvent. The consistency can be thick or liquid. If you purchased acrylic in the second version, it is not necessary to dilute it with water.

The texture of the material can be: pearlescent, matte, shiny, glossy. If you apply undiluted acrylic with a thick consistency to the canvas, you will get a unique bright texture.

Oil

One of the first dyes, which was used for painting back in the 16th century, is considered to be oil. For its manufacture, they used nut, sunflower or linseed oil, as well as a color pigment. The paint is available in separate tubes.

To work with oily material, you will need a palette, quality brushes, canvas, easel, and solvent. Draw with this composition on cardboard, canvas, wood, plain or primed paper. With dense texture and vibrant colors, you can create a realistic image of a landscape or person.

Important! Among artists, this material is called "volumetric paint for painting." Oil paintings are stored for a long time and do not fade.

Before applying the oil composition to the surface, dilute it with a solvent. But do not overdo it so that the composition does not turn out to be liquid.

Tempera

The tempera dye contains oil, glue, water and color pigment. There is no need to even doubt the durability of the material, since the paintings he painted have survived to this day since the Renaissance. Temper dries very quickly, the color does not fade from time to time, combines well with other types of paints, is not washed off with water.

But the most important advantage of this material is that it can be applied using different techniques, while they will resemble the texture of transparent watercolor or dense gouache. And if you apply a paste-like tempera, then the pictures will be, as if painted with oil paints. If you paint a picture with this paint using various techniques, people around you will not immediately guess what material was used.

In order for the pictures painted with tempera to retain their original appearance as long as possible, after they have completely dried, they can be varnished.

Children's paints

If you notice that the kid has begun to paint on the wallpaper, then it's time to tell him how to do it without harming the interior. The materials used for this can be pencils, crayons, colored pens, felt-tip pens, etc.

Many teachers and psychologists advise parents to engage in developmental and cognitive games with their child from a young age. Drawing will be the best one for any kid. Firstly, it broadens the horizons and develops fine motor skills of the hands; secondly, it reveals the creative potential and logical thinking of the baby.

Before choosing what paint your child will paint, read the composition of the material in more detail. His main task in the process of work will be not to harm the health of the child.

Children's paints for drawing are:

• Finger;

• Watercolor;

• Gouache.

Finger paints are recommended for babies from an early age. That is, if a child still cannot hold a brush, but wants to draw, this option is just for him. All you need to do is dip your finger in water and then in paint and make a few strokes on the paper. The material has a viscous texture, does not flow off the finger. The paint for painting contains food additives and colorants with a bright bitter taste. This will discourage the baby from tasting them.

The composition of watercolors and gouache paints for painting corresponds to artistic materials. It is recommended to buy them for children from 5-6 years old. That is, the child must learn how to hold a brush in his hands, and then you can teach him the drawing technique.

Where to buy paint for painting?

To date, a large number of specialized stores have been created that sell goods for creativity. In their assortment there is a large number of paints for drawing, which means you can easily choose an option of interest for yourself or your loved ones.

In the video: an experiment with watercolors.

You can also choose good paints in the online store. There is a reasonable price, a wide selection of different materials, delivery can be performed right to the door of your apartment. And the quality of paints and varnishes for painting is no different from store-bought ones. In this case, you can choose an accompanying product: brushes, solvents, a palette, paper (or canvas) and much more.

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