Theater from discs for kindergarten. Master class "Puppet theater from discs" presentation for the lesson on the development of speech (middle group) on the topic

Puppet theater plays an important role in shaping the personality of a child. It brings a lot of joy, attracts with its brightness, colorfulness, dynamics, and affects the audience. He begins to attract the attention of children early and is fraught with great opportunities for their all-round development.

The puppet theater has a whole complex of means: artistic images-characters, design, word and music - all this taken together, due to the figurative-concrete thinking of the child, helps the child to understand the content of a literary work easier, brighter and more correctly, and affects the development of his artistic taste. A doll playing on stage does not live conditionally for a child, it is a reality, a fairy tale revived.

Unlike television programs and cartoons, it is really visible in three-dimensional space and tangible materially, it is present nearby, it can be touched.

Preschoolers are very impressionable and quickly respond to emotional impact. They are actively involved in the action, answer the questions asked by the puppets, willingly carry out their instructions.

The importance of the puppet theater was emphasized and studied in the studies of T. N. Karamanenko, Yu. G. Karamanenko, A. P. Usova, D. V. Mendzheritskaya, U. A. Karamzina.

An emotionally experienced performance helps to determine the attitude of children to what is happening, to the characters and their actions, it causes a desire to imitate positive heroes and be different from negative ones.

The puppet theater has existed for a very long time. The ancient peoples believed that different gods, evil and good spirits, supernatural beings live in the sky, on earth, under the earth, in the water. To pray to them, people made images of large and small dolls made of stone, clay, bone or wood. They danced around such dolls, carried them on a stretcher, carried them on chariots, on the backs of elephants, arranged cunning devices for opening eyes, nodding their heads, and biting the teeth of the dolls. Gradually, such spectacles began to resemble more and more theatrical performances. For a thousand years in all countries of the world with the help of dolls legends about gods, demons, genies, angels were played out, human vices were ridiculed: stupidity, greed, cowardice, cruelty. In Russia in the XVII century. the most popular puppet theater was the Petrushka Theater. Petrushka is the favorite character of the buffoons who gave a performance to the audience. This is a daring daredevil and a badass, in any situation, retaining a sense of humor and optimism. In the XVIII century. in Russia, Petrushka appeared - a glove doll, which was controlled by a wandering puppeteer.

Puppet theater, a type of theatrical performance in which puppets (volumetric and flat) act, set in motion by actors-puppeteers, most often hidden from the audience by a screen. Many forms of representations are determined by the difference in the types of dolls, their control systems: puppets (dolls on threads), the so-called riding dolls (glove dolls), cane dolls, mechanical dolls, etc. Sometimes dolls are replaced by a conventional object (cube, ball, stick, etc.), metaphorically depicting a living being. Dolls range in size from a few centimeters to double human height.

There are several classifications of puppet theater games for preschool children.

For example, teachers L.V. Kutsakov, S.I. Merzlyakov is considered:

Desktop puppet theater: flat (figures made of cardboard, thick paper, plywood), sewn (from pieces of fabric, fur, leather, foam rubber), knitted (crocheted or on knitting needles from various types of yarn, so that they keep their shape, they are put on plastic bottles or children's skittles), molded (made of clay like a Dymkovo toy), wooden carved (like a Bogorodsky toy), foam, boxes, natural material, conical, papier-mâché, as well as a tabletop doll can be based on a cylinder, a cube, a pyramid ...

poster theater (flannelegraph, shadow, magnetic poster, book-stand);

hand theater (finger theater, pictures on hand, mitten, glove, shadow theater);

a puppet theater (made of papier-mache, foam rubber, foam, fabric, fur on the principle of a soft toy), set in motion with the help of a wagi - a cross, to which a doll is attached with threads;

puppet theater with a “living hand”. These dolls have bright, expressive capabilities, they can perform actions that are unusual for dolls of other systems. They consist of a head, a loosely hanging cloak, into the cuffs of which the child inserts his hands.

reed dolls (the basis of such a doll is a hapit - a wooden rod on which the doll is attached. The hapit is the doll's “spine”. A shoulder frame is installed on it. The doll's hands are set in motion with the help of canes attached to the doll's hands.

dolls of the "people-dolls" system. The child puts on a costume: a huge head - a mask, big palms, hefty boots and turns into a living doll. The head, palms, boots are made of foam rubber and covered with fabric. People-dolls have vivid scenic capabilities. Controlling such dolls is a great joy for children.

G.V. Genov classifies the types of theaters for preschoolers as follows: cardboard; magnetic; desktop; five fingers; masks; hand shadows; "living shadows"; finger shadow; book theater; puppet theater for one performer.

To organize theatrical activities, the teachers of our preschool institution use toys and dolls produced by the industry (table theaters, bibabo). But toys made by the children themselves have the greatest educational value, which develops visual skills, manual skills, and creativity. Toys for table theater of paper, cardboard, foam rubber, boxes, wire, natural material, etc. Further we offer you theaters made by the hands of teachers and children.

For younger preschoolers 3-4 years old, the most accessible type of theater is the puppet theater. Playing with dolls has an indirect and imperceptible all-round therapeutic and educational effect and helps to find a sense of success in the very area in which the child feels most vulnerable. Playing with a doll provides children with the opportunity to fully reveal their individual characteristics. In the game - the words of the child should revive the dolls and give them a mood, character. While playing with dolls, the child reveals his hidden feelings not only verbally, but also with facial expressions and gestures.

Sock dolls

It is at this age that an interest in theatrical games is formed, which develops in the process of watching small puppet shows, which are shown by teachers, taking as a basis the content of nursery rhymes, poems or fairy tales familiar to the child. In order to maintain interest in theatrical activities, we use different types of puppet theater. For example:

Knitted finger theater "Kolobok"

Spoon Theater "Three Bears"

By the age of 4-5, the child gradually transitions from the dramatized production of an adult to an independent play activity. Children master different types of tabletop theater: soft toys, knitted theater, cone theater, theater of folk toys and plane figures. And also made by teachers: theater on disks, theater on clothespins.

Theater on CDs "Kolobok in a New Way"

Theater on clothespins "Under the mushroom"

In older preschool age, children are freed from complexes and actively participate in theatrical games. The puppetry skills acquired by children in three years make it possible to combine several types of theatrical puppets of various systems in one theatrical game.

Theater of pompons "Zayushkina izbushka"

Theater of sponges "Turnip"

In the preparatory group, theatrical games are distinguished by more multifaceted characteristics of the heroes, difficult mise-en-scenes to stage, the most difficult puppets to control operate in them. Children are interested in making dolls, masks, decorations, posters and other attributes.

Making masks for the fairy tale "Fox and Rooster"

Making a bas-relief theater "Kolobok"

Working with preschoolers in theater, we set ourselves the goal of making the life of our pupils interesting and meaningful, filling it with vivid impressions, interesting things, and the joy of creativity.

Literature

1.Karamanenko T.N., Karamanenko Yu.G. Puppet theater for preschoolers. M .: Education, 1982.

2. Sorokina N.F. We play puppet theater. M .: ARKTI, 1999.

3. Tarasenko S. Funny crochet and knitting crafts. M .: Education, 1992.

The ability to lay out your creativity for the entertainment of young viewers is not given to everyone. Along with acting, skills in setting the stage and characters in the play are also appreciated. How nice it would be to entertain the children in their familiar surroundings with a little theatrical magic. And the most valuable thing will be to create not only your own script, but also to design a puppet theater for it with your own hands.

Materials to create

The foundation of the puppet theater is the stage on which all the action will take place. The stage and screen can be made in several ways. The simplest scene is made of fabric. The doorway is hung with a large piece of fabric, a horizontal cut is made in the fabric, into which the dolls will look during the performance.

It is also easy to build a stage with chairs or stools. Two chairs are placed with their backs apart, the seats are hung to the floor with fabric, and along the far edges of the backs, fabric is stretched on a string or elastic band - the back of the stage, from under which the dolls will look out. From stools, such a design is folded as follows: three stools in a row, two on the sides in this row. The fabric is laid in the same way.

A cardboard scene is made using boxes. You can either glue it from several boxes, or make it from one. Several boxes suggest laying out of them, like bricks, a full-fledged theater frame with a window, which is later hung with fabric and curtains. One large box should be removed from the folding parts and two walls to get a piece of cardboard with U-shaped folds. A rectangular hole should be made in the bottom of the box, and the remaining walls should be fixed in an angular position so that the box can stand by folding and gluing small square cylinders at the folds, which will prevent the box from folding. Such a scene is easy to decorate with colored paper or wallpaper.

A kindergarten puppet theater requires a more decent look, so it is best to make it out of plywood.

Plywood scene

Creating this kind of screen puppet scene will require skills in dealing with a saw and threaded screws.

In general, the following materials and tools are needed:

• plywood or two sheets of 750 × 500 cm and 500 × 400 cm, or one sheet of 750 × 900 cm;
• small saw;
• 4 hinges for doors, the corresponding number of screws for them, a screwdriver or screwdriver;
• a hammer and a few nails;
• fabric, elastic or lace, needle and thread.

Plywood must be drawn and cut into the parts shown in the diagram:

If necessary, the details can be painted or pasted over with wallpaper. After that, they need to be assembled by connecting them with hinges for the doors. We make two rectangular pieces of fabric to fit the window, from which we cling to an elastic band or lace and sew the curtain. We nail the edges of the rope onto the screen with nails and a hammer. The screen is ready.

Characters for the theater

Paper dolls are most often used in finger puppetry or are mounted on skewers. Bodies for finger theater are made from pieces of paper glued into cones, and flat dolls from applique on cardboard are attached to the skewers. The following are templates for paper characters of the Teremok fairy tale:

For staging with the characters of the cartoon "Smeshariki" in a puppet theater, homemade products from disks are suitable. For one smesharik, you need a disc, a plastic cork from sweet water, plasticine, a skewer, a template, markers or pencils, glue. The character templates are shown below:

If it is not possible to print on a color printer, you will need to colorize the templates. Next, you should glue them onto a disk, which sits in a special cut on top of the cork, inside which plasticine is placed. A skewer is attached to this cork from below, and the doll is ready.

It should be noted that individual parts of the templates, such as ears, horns, tails, are best glued onto cardboard, and only then onto a disc.

Dolls can also be made fabric, without even having to cut out their parts. For dolls made of socks, it is better to choose bright unnecessary socks made of thick fabric. You will also need two cotton balls, a thin gauze or bandage, two black beads or buttons, a knitting thread bubo, an oval piece of fabric, needles and thread.

Wrap cotton balls in gauze, twist at the end and tie with a knot or thread. On them, in the opposite side from the knot, we sew buttons. This will create eyes for the doll. We cut the end of the sock along the seam, where, in the turned out state, we sew a round piece of fabric. This is how the doll's body and mouth turn out. Sew eyes over the mouth, the nodules of which are covered with a sewn bubo, which plays the role of hair. You can also add other decorative elements.

Gloved actors - the transition to a more professional theater. For such a doll, you need a pair of gloves, scissors, buttons, a bubo or fluffy pompom, threads with a needle in the color of the gloves, embroidery threads or others that contrast with the color of the gloves, cotton wool or other printed material. A hare-shaped glove doll is very common. From one glove we make a head by cutting off such “fingers” as the little finger, the ring finger and the thumb. The rest will be ears. We form the part round, sew it in an inversion, and then stuff it with cotton wool. In the second glove, we leave the little finger and thumb outside, and the other three are threaded into the head detail and sewn together. After that, we sew the hare's eyes, a forelock from a bubo, embroider a mouth, and you should get a doll, as in the photo.

"Fairy tale on a table" or table theater

I. Plane theater.

Characters and decorations - pictures. Characters appear in the course of the action, which creates an element of surprise, arouses the interest of children. We bought ready-made albums, cut out characters and decorations. We made a desktop screen - a box.

II... Theatre from waste material. (from tea boxes, disposable cups ...) Develops imagination, the ability to work with various materials.

III. Cone theater... This type of theater is made of cardboard. It is bright and interesting for children. Easy to manipulate.

IV. A theater made of wooden models.("The Fox and the Crane"). Very practical. Doesn't beat. Does not wrinkle, easy to store.

V... Theater on clothespins. Good because it develops fine motor skills of the fingers.

Vi. Plasticine theater.

Vii. Toy theater. . Industrial-made toys (plastic, soft, rubber) or handmade toys (knitted, sewn from scraps) are grouped according to fairy tales. Such a theater is very close to children, as they play with similar toys every day. You can play it not only at the table, but also lying on the carpet.

They stand firmly on the table and do not interfere with movement. The child completely controls the movement of the doll, accompanies the character with a word. And the ability to see the face of the figurine allows the novice artist to better master the techniques of puppetry of the table theater: the child does not look at the other side of the doll, plays "for himself"; this technique helps artists interact with each other without being distracted by the audience.

Stand theater:

1. Shadow theater. It requires a translucent paper screen, black planar figures and a light source behind them. The image can also be obtained using the fingers. The display is accompanied by a corresponding sound.

2. Theater of pictures on a flannelgraph... Pictures for display can be drawn by ourselves (these are plots or heroes from fairy tales, stories), or they can be cut from old books that are no longer subject to restoration. They are glued on thin cardboard, and flannel is also glued on the back. Although today the theater on magnets is more relevant and practical.

Theater on hand.

1. Finger theater. These are dolls sewn from fabric, glued from paper or knitted from wool and thread, foam rubber. Figures can be made in the form of cones, cylinders, rings. The pattern follows the outline of the child's outstretched finger. The doll should be worn loosely on any finger of the puppeteer's hand. The character's face can be embroidered, glued or sewn on using buttons, beads, threads, ropes, pieces of wool, colored paper, fabric. Such toys can be made independently by older children. You can play behind a screen or through direct contact. The presence of this type of puppet theater allows solving problems of the development of fine motor skills of the hand, the consistency of movements of the fingers. At the same time, this work is the foundation for a smooth transition to teaching puppet theater techniques with mittens.

Horse dolls

1. Theater of spoons and spatulas. The easiest and most affordable spoon puppet theater for children. It is necessary to take into account the level of development of the muscle mass of the hand, forearm, shoulder, because the organization of the game involves the use of a floor screen. At the beginning of work with these types of puppet theater, a floor screen with a curtain of 70-80 cm is used, children-artists sit on chairs.

2. Theater of paper dolls on a stick. Children cut out figures from coloring books and glue ice cream sticks to them.

3. Origami theater- these are figurines of fairy-tale characters folded from paper. For the convenience of puppetry, we attached them to sticks.

4. Theater on disks.

5. Hapite dolls or stock doll. The simplest hapit is simply a stick inserted into a toy - one or two. It should not be too thick and heavy, otherwise the child will not be able to comfortably take it in the hand. The gapit should not be too short, but also not too long. They are very beneficial for the development of fine motor skills, which contributes to the development of speech in children. These dolls also develop flexibility in fingers, hands and wrists. When working with young children, I use dolls on one rod. I teach to hold the doll with all fingers (in the fist). The doll moves due to the movements of the hand. Older children operate the dolls on two stocks. To manipulate such dolls, you need to teach children to hold sticks only with their fingertips.

Live puppet theater

Scarf dolls convenient in that they give the puppeteer the opportunity to move freely, dance.

Theater is a means of emotional and aesthetic education of children in kindergarten. Theatrical activity allows the formation of the experience of social behavior skills due to the fact that each fairy tale or literary work for preschool children always has a moral orientation (kindness, courage, friendship, etc.). Thanks to the theater, the child learns the world not only with his mind, but also with his heart and expresses his own attitude towards good and evil.
Theatrical activity helps a child overcome shyness, self-doubt, and shyness. A theater in a kindergarten will teach a child to see the beauty in life and in people, and will engender the desire to bring the beautiful and the good into life himself. Thus, the theater helps the child to develop comprehensively.
Our group room has a dedicated theater corner. The theater corner is equipped with industrial aids, but we do something with our own hands.

Old disks - once seemed almost magical. To some extent, they remain magical, but in a completely different sense - now you need to pay attention to them and a little skill to turn them into various elements of a tabletop puppet theater.

A child from two years old can retell a fairy tale or part of a dialogue known to him. He is very involved in the game and arouses his interest, at the same time the hero of the fairy tale develops his speech. The child himself speaks for the bunny, for the bug, for the mouse.

This material can be used in group work and in individual work with children on the development of speech, the formation of interest in the theatrical activities of preschoolers. Children act as storytellers and spectators.

Theater, like a sorcerer, wizard,
With my magic wand,
And here is a child, modest and shy,
Today the king is suddenly playing.

A do-it-yourself puppet theater is a favorite pastime for all kids. For them, communication with dolls has the same meaning as the relationship with living people.

Meeting children with hand-made theatrical characters helps them to relax, relieve stress, and create a joyful atmosphere.

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MBDOU kindergarten "Chechek" s. Torgalyg Master-class "Puppet theater from discs" Educator: KHOVALYG DOLAANA VALERYEVNA 2015

A do-it-yourself puppet theater is a favorite pastime for all kids. For them, communication with dolls has the same meaning as the relationship with living people. Meeting children with hand-made theatrical characters helps them to relax, relieve stress, and create a joyful atmosphere. Relevance:

PURPOSE: the development of speech in children, communication, artistic and aesthetic qualities, as well as musical and creative abilities.

Using an example, we will make the hero of fairy tales, the RUNNING BUNNY. For manufacturing, we need: colored cardboard, glue stick, wooden sticks, scotch tape, scissors and CD disks.

We glue a wooden stick to the disc.

We take white cardboard and cut the face of the bunny and make incisions for the antennae

We make ears from gray cardboard, and tongue from red.

We make a spout out of brown cardboard.

And one by one we glue all the details on the disc, starting with the eyes, nose, ears and mouth.

Our bunny is ready.

Fairy tale "Kolobok"

Participating in theatrical games, children get to know the world around them, through the images of paint, sounds. The large and versatile influence of theatrical games on the personality of the child allows them to be used as a strong, but unobtrusive pedagogical tool, because the child feels relaxed and free during the game. In order for children to be creative, I try to enrich their life experience with vivid artistic impressions, to give the necessary knowledge and skills. The richer the experience of children, the brighter the creative manifestations will be.

Thanks a lot!!!

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