Tatyana's day is celebrated every year. Tatyana's Day: history and traditions of Russian students' day

The history of the emergence and development of the student holiday is closely connected with Moscow State University - it was on January 25, 1755 that the Russian Empress Elizabeth I signed a decree on the founding of the first national university - Moscow. In modern history, Tatyana’s Day is called “Russian Students’ Day” and is a national holiday based on a presidential decree issued on January 25, 2005. In 2007, President V.V. Putin signed a federal law, according to which the Day of Russian Students was added to the honorary list of memorable dates in Russia.

Why is the holiday called Tatyana's Day?

As already mentioned, the basis for the student holiday was the signing of the imperial decree of 1755 on the founding of the University. Both the project of the University and the idea of ​​its creation belonged to Mikhail Lomonosov and Count Ivan Shuvalov, since they best understood how important the emergence of a scientific organization of this kind was for Russia and the development of science in it. The official opening of the University was carried out only in April 1755, on the 26th - on the day dedicated to the anniversary of the coronation of Elizabeth I. Therefore, for the next 35 years, this day was considered the founding day of Moscow University.

But the next Russian Emperor Nicholas I in 1791 issued a decree ordering that not the day of the official opening of the university be celebrated, but the day the decree on its creation was issued, that is, January 25. Thus, by order of the emperor, the first official student holiday appeared, coinciding with the day of memory of St. Tatiana. In 1791, an Orthodox church was built at the University, which was consecrated in the name of the holy martyr Tatiana (Tatiana). It is from this time that Saint Tatiana is considered the patroness and protector of students and teachers.

It is interesting that after the revolution of 1917, due to the denial and rejection of any religion, the temple was closed by the Bolsheviks. In order to ensure that the temple premises were not empty, a club was organized in it - a place for people to gather and communicate in their free time from the construction of communism. In the period from 1958 to 1994, within the walls of the former temple there was a student theater of Moscow State University, from which many famous actors emerged, including Mark Zakharov, Roman Viktyuk, Iya Savvina, Valdis Pelsh, Alexey Kortnev, etc. And only in January In 1995, historical justice triumphed and the building was returned to the Orthodox Church.

History of the celebration

In the first years after the holiday date was approved on January 25, no particularly magnificent festivities were celebrated. Usually, the holiday was celebrated with modest feasts. A mandatory part of the festive program was a prayer service in the university church. But around the 60s of the 19th century, the celebration of Tatiana’s Day was conventionally divided into an official part and an unofficial part. The program of official events usually included the following: holding an open day at the University; ceremonial speech by the rector of the University; visiting the university church; festive lunch in the university canteen for professors. After the official celebrations ended, the fun began! Students, united in small groups, went to wander the Moscow streets until late at night, drank alcoholic drinks, bawled songs. Favorite places for mass gatherings of celebrating students were Nikitsky and Tverskoy boulevards and Moscow squares.

Sometimes students were able to celebrate their holiday, what is called “in grand style” - from time to time, some restaurants in the city kindly provided students with their halls for the celebration. There is a legend that on the eve of the holiday, expensive furniture was taken out of restaurants, and the rich interior decoration was replaced by cheap and unsightly ones - simple tables and benches were placed, and cheap pottery was taken from restaurant storerooms. Restaurant carpets were replaced with a thick layer of sawdust. As a rule, restaurant kitchens were closed on January 25th. The students had only buffets with cold snacks, vodka, beer and cheap wine at their disposal.

A.P. Chekhov, once describing the celebration of Tatyana’s Day, said that this year they drank everything they could find. They could even drink the Moscow River, but, fortunately, it was frozen. There was even a tradition when restaurant doormen wrote their delivery addresses in chalk on the backs of drunken students, in case they couldn’t get home themselves. And the city police did their best to ensure the speedy delivery of drunken students to their homes.

It is believed that the celebration of Tatyana's Day was so loved by students and their teachers because on this day class and social differences between people disappeared - the rich celebrated together with the poor, teachers had fun with their students. Youth, freedom, student life, ease and fun of life united not only teachers - professors and students, but also former graduates of the university: doctors, officials, journalists, industrialists, lawyers, businessmen and everyone else who had at least some connection with students and his daily life.

During the formation of Soviet power, Tatyana’s Day was renamed “Proletarian Students’ Day,” and magnificent festivities in honor of the holiday were first suspended and then completely prohibited due to inappropriateness. For a long time there were no official student holidays in the USSR. It was only in 1992 that the tradition of celebrating the birthday of Moscow State University was revived and various celebrations were held in honor of the historical student holiday. And gradually, within a fairly short time, students from all higher educational institutions of the Russian Federation and the countries of the former CIS joined the celebration of Tatiana’s Day on January 25.

Usually, by this day the session ends in almost all universities, so most students can celebrate their legal holiday with peace of mind. As a rule, on this day ceremonial awards are scheduled for students for achievements in science, sports and culture, concerts, performances, KVNs, flash mobs, balls and other cultural events are held.

It must be said that Tatiana’s Day is a national holiday with historical heritage and cultural significance. However, there is also an international student holiday, celebrated around the world on November 17th. It also arose in the course of historical events and is closely related to the course of the Second World War.

Signs and superstitious traditions on Tatiana's Day

Of course, over the long existence of Russian students, student rituals, superstitions and traditions could not help but appear. Thus, the following rituals are associated with Tatyana’s day, predicting a happy course of student affairs:

1. On January 25, you need to climb to the highest place in the city and, looking at the sun, make a wish - it will come true 100%, tested by time and thousands of other students!

2. Summon Freebies or Balls. To observe the ritual on January 25, you need to go out onto the balcony, porch or lean out of the window and, waving your grade book, call Freebie “Freebie, come!” at the top of your voice. It is believed that if one of the strangers shouts back, “On the way!” - this is a very good sign for a student.

3. Drawing in a grade book on Tatiana's Day is also a long-standing tradition. On the last page of the notebook, it is customary to draw a village house and smoke coming from the chimney of this house. The longer the smoke, the easier it will be for the student to study all year, until the next Tatyana’s day.

In 1791, the temple of Moscow University was also consecrated in the name of the holy martyr Tatiana. Since then, Saint Tatiana has been considered the patroness of students and teachers.

In 1918. At first there was a club in its premises, and from 1958 to 1994 - the student theater of Moscow State University. In January 1995, the building was returned to the church.

Before the revolution, on Tatyana’s day, teachers and students went to church in the morning, then to the assembly hall to listen to the rector’s speech. In the evening, a noisy celebration began, in which not only students, but the whole of Moscow took part (initially this holiday was celebrated only in Moscow). The celebration of the “professional” day of students had traditions and ritual - ceremonial acts were organized with the distribution of awards and speeches. There was another tradition: on this day anyone was allowed to enter the university, inspect classrooms and laboratories, and visit libraries and museums.
Tatyana's Day was also celebrated during the Soviet era, because this day coincided with the end of the session.

In modern Russia, students traditionally organize mass celebrations on this day.

In 2016, the All-Russian event “Tatyana’s Ice” was held for all students in the country. Holiday programs were organized at ice rinks in the capital and regions of Russia.

On this day, the Russian Orthodox Church remembers the holy martyr Tatiana, who is considered the patroness of all Russian students. On this day, all women bearing the name Tatiana celebrate their name day (the ancient name “Tatiana” translated from Greek means “organizer”).

As church tradition says, Saint Tatiana lived in Rome at the turn of the 2nd-3rd centuries during the brutal persecution of Christians. Her father, a noble Roman, secretly professed Christianity and raised his daughter in the Christian spirit. Tatiana did not marry and devoted all her strength to serving God. At that time, all power in Rome was concentrated in the hands of the persecutor of Christians, Ulpian. Tatiana was captured and tried to force her to sacrifice to the idol. But in the temple of Apollo, where she was brought, according to legend, the virgin offered a prayer to Christ - and an earthquake occurred: the pagan idol split into pieces, and the fragments of the temple buried the priests under them.

The pagans tortured Tatiana. During the torture, many miracles happened: either the executioners, for whose insight the saint prayed, believed in Christ, then the angels warded off blows from the martyr, then milk flowed from her wounds instead of blood and a fragrance filled the air. After terrible torture, Tatiana appeared before her executioners and judges even more beautiful than before. The pagans despaired of breaking the faith of the sufferer and executed her. Together with Tatiana, her father was executed.

In recent years, celebrations of St. Tatiana's Day in Russia have been based on the common prayer of the Russian Church and higher education.

Traditionally, the center of church celebrations on the Day of Russian Students, which is also the day of remembrance of the patroness of higher education in Russia - the martyr Tatiana, became the temple in honor of this saint at Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov on Mokhovaya Street.

The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources

The student holiday Tatyana's Day is celebrated every year on January 25th. Therefore, the question of when Tatiana’s day is in 2017 is not entirely relevant. It doesn’t matter what year it is, the date of this holiday is not transferable. Student's Day or Tatiana's Day is one and the same holiday, which in our country is celebrated on January 25th. All over the country, students and teachers get together, watch concerts, go to cafes and simply enjoy the holiday.

Not everyone knows that this also comes from history, moreover, from Tsarist Russia, when and how Student Day is celebrated - it was January 25, and it was not by chance that the date coincided that the Orthodox holiday, the day of remembrance of St. Tatiana, became a holiday for all students. We suggest diving at least a little into history to learn a lot of interesting things. You are a student or once were one, remember how interesting it is to unearth historical facts that are still relevant in our time. Less than a month left until!

As we know from history, the first university on the territory of the Russian Empire was opened during the time of Empress Elizabeth the First in Moscow. It was an educational institution that still operates today - Moscow State University. That is, we can say that for Moscow State University students January 25 is considered a doubly holiday. Firstly, we are talking about All-Russian Student Day, and secondly, about the opening of their university.

The project to create the university was developed by Mikhail Lomonosov, Count Ivan Shuvalov took an active part in this. These were scientific people and understood how important the university was for Russia at that time as a stronghold of science and students. The opening of the university took place on January 25, but it was officially decided to postpone it to April 26, so that this date would coincide with the date of the celebration of the anniversary of the coronation of the Empress. So, over the next 35 years, Student’s Day was celebrated as if in April, but historically there was no reason for this: simply to please the monarch.

Temple on campus

When Nicholas the First became Emperor of the Russian Empire, he decided by his decree to restore historical justice. As a result, more than three decades have passed since 1755, the moment of the opening of Moscow State University, and in 1791 Nicholas the First signed a decree, moving the founding date of the university to the historically correct one, to January 25. As we know today, when we celebrate Student’s Day.

Plus, since the date January 25 is not just a day on the calendar, but an important church holiday of the holy martyr Tatiana, it was decided to build a temple on the territory of the university. When it was completed, the temple was consecrated in honor of St. Tatiana. So it happened in Rus' that Saint Tatiana became the intercessor and helper of students throughout the country. But it changes from year to year.

As you know, in Soviet times religion was prohibited. The temple was closed back in 1917, but the building, thank God, was not destroyed. It was handed over to the university administration and theatergoers who studied at Moscow State University rehearsed there. The state of affairs continued until 1994, until in 1995 the temple was again transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. Tatyana's day in 2017 is January 25, just like many years before that. Because Soviet students also celebrated Tatiana’s Day, just ask your grandparents or even your parents about it.

Today this student holiday is very popular throughout the country. First of all, students gather on Student's Day, but also graduates. This is a great day to get together and remember carefree years full of love and passion. In a word, many no longer students gather together on January 25 to remember their youth.

Interesting! Since 2005, by decree of Russian President Vladimir Putin, Tatyana’s Day has become the official Student’s Day, which is celebrated every year on January 25.

Short and succinct congratulations on Tatiana’s Day

I would like to wish that your student fire in your heart never goes out. May your guardian angel guard you throughout your life and take away grief and misfortune from you.

*
Congratulations on Tatyana’s Day and I wish that you can carry the student fire from your heart through the years. Sometimes it happens that after university people become disillusioned with their profession, I hope this never happens to you.

Among Orthodox holidays, there is one very well-known even to people unfamiliar with the church calendar - this is Tatiana’s Day. Do you know when Tatiana's day is in 2017? It is famous both because on this day many owners of a popular name celebrate their name day, and because it is a holiday for Russian students, because just on January 25 a decree was signed on the opening of the first university in our country. The students celebrated their holiday so joyfully that many people, even people completely unrelated to their studies, willingly joined them. So gradually Tatyana’s Day became a well-known and beloved holiday by the people.

The modern church remembers saints named Tatiana 10 times a year: 2 times in January, in July, 2 times in September, three times in October, and twice more in December. However, most of these Tatianas are new martyrs, i.e. quite recently they were canonized, and only those who were born after 2000, 2002 and even 2006 can celebrate Angel Day in their honor. There is very little information about the lives of other Tatyanas, while the story of Tatyana Rimskaya, who is remembered on January 25, is rich in impressive events and miraculous phenomena. Tatiana of Rome was the first Saint Tatiana to die for her faith; the others in some ways repeated her feat, inspired by the life story of their patroness.

History of the holiday Tatyana's Day

At the beginning of the third century in Rome, a daughter was born into the family of a socially famous and fairly wealthy man. In those days, paganism was the main religion, so Tatiana’s father hid his faith in God, and raised his daughter in Christian traditions and was able to instill in her a sincere love for Christ. The little girl enthusiastically studied the Holy Scriptures and prayed a lot. Having reached adulthood, she, being a very beautiful girl, who was wooed by noble and wealthy suitors of Rome, decided to completely devote herself to serving God.

So Tatyana became a servant in one of the Roman temples. She not only prayed a lot, but almost without rest she helped the sick, prisoners and others in need. At this time, a new wave of persecution against Christians arose in Rome. Angry pagans seized Tatiana, who had refused to worship idols, and subjected her to terrible torture. They beat her in the face and tried to gouge out her eyes, but the girl bravely endured and prayed to the Lord. Because of her prayers, part of the pagan temple collapsed, the statue fell and broke. The executioners attacked Tatiana even more furiously, but she became like stone. And the tormentors only lost their strength, trying to harm her body. Tatyana prayed that the Lord would bring the people torturing her to reason. At the same moment, the executioners saw angels and heard the voice of God. Frightened, they threw themselves on their knees in front of Tatyana, began to ask for forgiveness, even decided to be baptized, and were executed for this by the persecutors of Christians.

The next day, the evil pagans discovered Tatiana not only without signs of torture, but also even more beautiful. Then they began to cut her body with sharp razors, but fragrant milk flowed from the wounds. The executioners tormented the tormented girl with spears all day, and she only prayed even harder. The angels protected Tatiana, most of the attackers lost strength, some even fell dead. It was decided to leave her in prison. And the next morning the executioners who came again found her healthy and fresh. For another whole day they tortured and tormented her, tied her to a pole, beat her with iron hooks, but in the morning Tatyana was beautiful again. Then the pagans brought her to the circus and released a hungry tiger to her, expecting that he would definitely tear her to pieces. However, the animal came up to her feet and, after licking them affectionately, lay down next to her.

They continued to brutally torture the virgin again, then cut off her hair and threw her in the temple of Zeus for the night. Angels healed her wounds. Tatiana prayed so intensely to God that the idol standing in the temple broke. After this, the pagans decided to execute Tatiana by beheading. For her deep faith, she was canonized as a Saint. And she certainly helps those who remember her in their prayers.

January 25 is students' holiday

The Empress's favorite Ivan Shuvalov wanted to give something unusual to his mother Tatyana for her name day. He prepared a petition for the establishment of a higher educational institution in Moscow, which was signed by Elizaveta Petrovna on January 25. This is how students appeared in Russia, and Tatiana’s name day became a student holiday. Saint Tatiana of Rome herself became the patroness of student youth.

The celebration of student's day consisted of two parts. The official part began with a prayer service to St. Tatiana, then especially successful students were awarded in the university building. And then there were cheerful festivities almost until the morning. Students held noisy parties, walked in large groups through the streets with songs, jokes and even fireworks, and went sledding.

How to congratulate Tatiana’s friends?

Saint Tatiana was a well-educated person, apparently it was no coincidence that she began to patronize students, therefore, when you are going to congratulate a friend on the name Tatiana, try to surprise her with your skills, for example in poetry. Compose a congratulation in poetic form. If you don’t have a poetic gift, you can choose a suitable ready-made congratulation for Tatyana on the Internet. The main thing is that it is addressed specifically to her. Any Tatyana will be pleased to receive something unique as a gift. A variant of this congratulation is a postcard made by you in the form of a collage in Photoshop. Or a mounted slide show of photographs featuring the birthday girl.

Tatyanas are very practical people, and they will be much more pleased with a gift that is needed in everyday life than with a souvenir, albeit a beautiful one. And instead of a lush bouquet of scarlet roses, many of them will prefer an original bouquet of sweets.

On such a holiday, it would be appropriate to engrave the name of the guardian angel of the future owner on the chosen gift. This could be a pen or a bracelet. You can find a ready-made personalized item, for example a cup, plate, towel. Or order a cake with an inscription, if, of course, your Tatiana loves sweets and does not want to lose weight.

Few people know that the symbol of students - Tatiana's Day - is actually a major religious holiday. On this day you can not only honor the memory of Saint Tatiana, but also direct your life in a new direction. To do this, you need to know the traditions of the holiday and observe them to the best of your ability.

Tatyana's Day became a holiday for students, since its date coincided with the grand opening of Moscow University. Initially, January 25 was a kind of birthday of the capital’s educational institution, and later spread throughout the country.

Tatiana's Day has Christian roots: on this day, Orthodox Christians throughout the country honor Saint Tatiana of Rome, the patroness of knowledge and truth. According to legend, the idols of the Roman false gods crumbled into dust at her words. Tatiana was executed by cutting off her head, but she remained in the legends and memory of believers.

Traditions and signs of Tatiana's Day

It has long been customary to bake loaves of bread in the shape of the sun on Tatiana’s day. After January 25, the day begins to gradually arrive, and the “sunny” loaf symbolizes the expectation of spring. Several folk signs are associated with bread baked on this day:

• the bread has risen like a mountain in the middle - this year things will go “uphill”;
• a perfectly flat surface of a loaf - for a calm and measured year;
• a burnt loaf - to dramatic changes in fate;
• cracked bread is a bad sign.

On Tatiana's day, girls and boys knocked out rugs, competing to see who could do it faster and cleaner. It was believed that the winner would be the “master of the house.” As they worked together, the young people took a closer look at each other, and after Tatyana’s day, mass matchmaking began.

Another tradition of this day was a kind of “love spell” on the guy she liked: the girl made a broom from dry herbs, twigs and rags and hid it in the house of the potential groom. The future mother-in-law had to find the broom: it was believed that if she failed, then there would be a wedding.

Another tradition of Tatyana’s Day on January 25 is to make a wish at sunrise. It is believed that if you meet a heavenly body, bow to it and ask for a dream to come true, then any wish will certainly come true. We wish you a happy and warm Tatiana's Day in 2017. Smile more often and don’t forget to press the buttons and

17.01.2017 06:23

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