The little man's fate is in crime and punishment. "Little People" in the novel F

The theme of the "little man" is the main one for all F.M. Dostoevsky. Who are the "little people"? These are poor characters, invisible in ordinary life. They do not have a high rank, a huge fortune, but they have preserved spiritual wealth, kindness and humanity.

Rodion Raskolnikov is a prominent representative of “people offended by life”. The creation of his theory is inextricably linked with the conditions of life. He is doomed to live his life in poverty and hardship. The author skillfully emphasizes the poor living conditions of the student, describing his home, life and clothing. Rodion lives in the slums, in his dirty quarter one can always smell the intolerable smells of cheap drinking establishments. Rodion's closet is so small that it can be compared to an old stuffy closet, from the walls of which the old yellow wallpaper has long been peeled off. The main character's dwelling is a symbol of hopelessness.

The author creates a contrast between a tall, well-built young man and his old, shabby wardrobe. Rodion is ashamed to wear such clothes, but he has no other choice. Expulsion from an educational institution, lack of means of subsistence, a sense of injustice suppress the hero and push him to commit a crime.

A feeling of deep loneliness haunts the hero, despite the fact that there are a huge number of people around. After all, he is surrounded by the same poor, pitiful and embittered characters for the whole world. They have long been incapable of compassion and humanity. This fact proves the reaction of the crowd to the confession of a drunken Marmeladov. The petty official speaks frankly about his offensive position, in which he can no longer exist. Every day, he has to silently watch the humiliation of his wife, the hunger of children, and most importantly, the mutilated fate of his beloved daughter Sonechka. Exhausted by mental anguish, Marmeladov expects sympathy and understanding from his listeners, but the cruel crowd can only ridicule and humiliate.

The description of the suffering of the Marmeladov family perfectly reveals the theme of "little people". Thanks to the detailed description of difficult living conditions, everything around is shrouded in darkness and cold. Even the luxurious capital of St. Petersburg is changing its appearance. In the work, she creates the impression of a gray, indifferent, dead and cruel city. The novel shows the other side of this city. Luxurious facades replace old dilapidated buildings in which people outraged by life live.

Another representative of the humiliated and insulted is Katerina Ivanovna. The famous author describes a tortured woman. Every day she tries to clean up the house and feed the hungry children. Her stepdaughter, Sonya, is also trying with all her might to help the family, but, unfortunately, she makes the only possible decision - to go to the panel. Rodion's sister Dunya also deserves sympathy. She, like her brother, has to restrain pride and pride, endure ridicule and bullying.

The novel "Crime and Punishment" is filled with such images, the heroes of the work are constantly in need, are in conditions of existence unsuitable for the life of normal people. These inhuman conditions force the characters to make difficult choices: endure and live like this or die?

A sense of duty and responsibility does not allow Sonechka Marmeladova to decide on suicide. "And what will happen to them?" - says the girl when Rodion ponders how to get out of their situation with dignity. She refuses bodily death out of a desire to help her family, but thereby chooses complete mental death. The same can be said about Dunya. She decides to marry an unloved person, dooming herself to a bleak existence. The education of her brother and the well-being of the family are more important for Dunya than other joys in life.

All this means that despite the severity of their position in these people, the most important human qualities remain - compassion, nobility and generosity. The author sympathizes with his heroes and at the same time admires their spiritual wealth, which they were able to preserve in such terrible conditions.

Rodion Raskolnikov's theory is a product of a cruel world. It represents a protest against such conditions of existence. The commission of the crime did not restore justice and did not make Rodion a "rightful" person. On the contrary, it brought feelings of remorse and disappointment. But at the same time, even in the world of poverty and deprivation, there is a place for light feelings: love, friendship, compassion. This fills the author with the belief that over time, society can still improve, become less cruel. Love and respect for the people around you is the only way to create a civilized, humane society. Perhaps it was this meaning that the author tried to convey in his famous work.

In his socio-psychological novel "Crime and Punishment" Dostoevsky reveals one of the main themes of his work - the theme of the "little man". It seems to me that Dostoevsky wants to show that the injustice of Petersburg society leads to the division of people into those who have power and into people of low classes, "little people." Thus, Semyon Marmeladov, Katerina Ivanovna, Sonechka, even Rodion himself are people humiliated and insulted.

Let's start with Marmeladov. He, once a titular counselor, "always respected education combined with heartfelt feelings." But what did fate do to him? Poverty overtook Marmeladov. Marmeladov was a weak person, he could not provide his family with anything. He lost his job due to downsizing, he could not find a new one, and it was easier to drink than to do anything. So he drank himself to death and was a regular visitor to the pubs of St. Petersburg. He did not appear at home in order not to listen to his wife's reproaches, which, as he himself understood, were just. I believe he hated himself, and he would like to change his life, but he did not have enough willpower to cope with the blows of fate.

As for Katerina Ivanovna, I personally do not consider her a fallen woman. In my opinion, she became a hostage of circumstances: her husband drinks, there is no money, the children must be raised and fed. All this affected her physical and psychological health. But, despite this and being a special educated and staff officer's daughter, she was pleased with the city, did not tolerate the insults of Lebezyatnikov and Amalia Lippevekhsel. She loved cleanliness, was hardworking and even washed the clothes of her husband and children at night so that they would go clean the next day. I believe that her life was full of injustices and suffering that she did not deserve.

And Sonya, this poor sweet girl, how much she endured in her 18 years of life! Sonya could not stand the reproaches of her stepmother and she had only one way out. She went on a yellow ticket to save her family. But how dear it cost her. Not only did she "serve" people, but also often listened to insults from higher-ranking people. The only salvation for Sonya and other "little people" in this novel is faith - faith in God, faith in better times.

Dunechka and Pulcheria Alexandrovna are also humiliated and insulted, since they had to endure the slander of Marfa Petrovna, and then Luzhin's insults. And there was nothing they could do about it. The main feature of all the "little people" in Dostoevsky's work is helplessness. They are all oppressed by more powerful individuals, but they can do nothing about it.

And finally, Rodion Raskolnikov, a poor former student, entangled in himself. In his mind, he was Napoleon, a great man, but in fact he belongs to the category of "little people." Although he is smart and educated, he lacks what is inherent in worthy people - a goal. Rodion did not have a main goal in life, he floated with the flow of fate, he did not want to study, he did not want to work either, he was not looking for love. He wanted to cash in on an easy way, but he himself did not understand what to do next. With thoughts of killing the old woman, he forgot what he was living for.

In conclusion, I would like to mention that Dostoevsky himself was not from the circle of these "little" people, but he was able to understand their destinies and emotional experiences in such a way that you involuntarily begin to understand that Dostoevsky is a master in revealing the secrets of the human soul.

Whom did the writers mean when they called some generalized image of their hero? This is a person who is not small in size or height, in Russian literature this is the name for a person who may not be well dressed, but most importantly, he is quiet and downtrodden, intimidated by higher officials.

Before Fyodor Dostoevsky, such heroes were described by such writers as Alexander Pushkin in his work "The Stationmaster", Nikolai Gogol in the story "The Overcoat". But it was Dostoevsky who penetrated deeply into this topic and showed the "little man" in his deeply psychological novel "Crime and Punishment".

The main character tried to at least change something, to break out of poverty, he fought when others simply folded their hands. But, unfortunately, he is also a “little man”. Sonechka also treats such people, but she fights and, together with Raskolnikov, wins. It was not easy for her: to go through hunger, to be on the panel in order to survive and remain at the same time a gentle and sweet creature. Sonia resigns herself to her fate throughout the novel, but she cannot completely reconcile herself to this state of affairs. Therefore, she is looking for her own world, where she can find salvation.

Sonya Marmeladova finds her own world that supports her in life, cannot break her, as her parents did - this is the world of God. And despite the fact that both Sonya and Rodion are "little people", they were able to prove themselves, were able to fight for their existence, and not negligibly vegetate and drag out their miserable existence. They were born in families where they were doomed to become "little" people, therefore they followed the path of these "little people", obeying, as they were taught this by life. But at some point, they decided not to submit and rebel over this terrible reality.

Sonya not only tried to find a new life herself, to believe in it, but also helped Rodion in this. He finally acquired faith in a new life, in the fact that the future ahead will be better than the present. And a new story begins in the lives of these people, where renewal and rebirth awaits them. This is how Dostoevsky showed how a “little man” can be morally reborn. And this salvation, according to the author, can be found only by having faith in God, because this is the most just judgment.

(349 words) The plot of the novel "Crime and Punishment" is inextricably linked with its main character, Rodion Raskolnikov: we observe how he worries about making decisions that determine his future fate. Choosing his own path, he communicates with different people. This relationship influences his choice. It is on the characteristics of individual secondary characters that I would like to dwell on.

Almost all the images of the heroes whom F.M. Dostoevsky in the novel brings Raskolnikov closer to Rodion, built on the criteria of a single type - a little person. In Russian literature, the phrase "little man" defines the type of characters who are incapable of resisting life's cataclysms and occupying a low rank in the service. They are limited to modest needs and even more modest opportunities. In Crime and Punishment, the author exaggerates the problem of these people, placing them at the very bottom: the heroes burn their days in poverty and have no chance to return to a normal life.

The hero who most vividly reflected the traits of a little man is Semyon Marmeladov. His story is capable of causing both regret and misunderstanding in the reader. Although Mr. Marmeladov lives on the brink of poverty, while having a lot of debts, it is difficult to justify the hero's problem. The retired official has brought himself to this state. Not even going to look for a way out of this situation, he found solace in alcohol. Ignoring his children and wife, Marmeladov wasted the last penny on himself and on his vicious desires. The hero complained that no one was waiting for him at home, but it was only his fault.

But F.M. Dostoevsky introduces the image of Marmeladov into his novel not only to amaze the reader with his misfortune: in the work, acquaintance with a retired official should reveal Rodion's positive character traits. The story of Semyon Marmeladov about his "drunken" life causes bewilderment in the protagonist. The former student does not understand the actions of the "little man", which once again proves that Raskolnikov's soul is still alive and capable of rebirth. In addition, the grief of this family pushes Rodion to murder, justifying the sacrifice for the good.

Of course, Semyon Marmeladov is not the only hero of the novel, on whose fate the seal of the "little man" has been left. In addition to him, Sonya Marmeladova, her stepmother, Razumikhin, Dunya and many others have the features of a common image. These heroes have only one main goal - to awaken conflicting feelings in Rodion, which are the psychological engines of the plot.

In a somewhat different way, but basically in the same manner, the image of the little man is constructed in Crime and Punishment. His incarnation there is Marmeladov, a minor official who was expelled from the service for drunkenness. His image is deeply dramatic inwardly. In this seemingly completely worthless person, capable of drinking the last money of a family and going to Sonya to ask for a drink, Dostoevsky, true to his creative principles, finds a living human soul. It is very noticeable from Marmeladov's monologues that he was once not devoid of pride, consciousness of his own human dignity. Now only shame remains of this pride. Marmeladov is no longer able to cope with his pernicious passion, unable to rise, but he is able to punish himself for this with the most severe moral punishment. If he were alone, he would not suffer. But the consciousness that Katerina Ivanovna and the children are suffering because of him is what torments Marmeladov, forcing him to turn with his hysterical and desperate confession to the regulars of the tavern, to Raskolnikov. He, once a proud and conscientious person, is not afraid to expose himself to shame and ridicule; on the contrary, he strives for this, because he punishes himself in this way. The depth with which this degraded person is able to feel the moral sufferings of Katerina Ivanovna, to persistently think about her and about the children, about his guilt and his sin, is striking. And, which is very important for Dostoevsky, this man continues to rely on God - this is the meaning of the parable he told Raskolnikov. And - another important point for Dostoevsky - the hope in divine mercy is combined in Marmeladov with humility and self-abasement, which replaced the old pride. Such a person, according to Dostoevsky, is not lost to God.

An extremely touching detail that completes the image of Marmeladov is the gingerbread that is found in his pocket after death - evidence of his last thought about children. This detail finally sets the evaluative accents: the author is far from despising or even condemning Marmeladov; he is sinful but deserves to be forgiven. Continuing the tradition of his predecessors, Dostoevsky brings to the fore the principle of humanism, the need not to condemn and throw a stone, but to understand and forgive.

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agent

The theme of the "little man" is the main one for all F.M. Dostoevsky. Who are the "little people"? These are poor characters, invisible in ordinary life. They do not have a high rank, a huge fortune, but they have preserved spiritual wealth, kindness and humanity.

Rodion Raskolnikov is a prominent representative of “people offended by life”. The creation of his theory is inextricably linked with the conditions of life. He is doomed to live his life in poverty and hardship. The author skillfully emphasizes the poor living conditions of the student, describing his home, life and clothing. Rodion lives in the slums, in his dirty quarter one can always smell the intolerable smells of cheap drinking establishments. Rodion's closet is so small that it can be compared to an old stuffy closet, from the walls of which the old yellow wallpaper has long been peeled off.

The main character's dwelling is a symbol of hopelessness.

The author creates a contrast between a tall, well-built young man and his old, shabby wardrobe. Rodion is ashamed to wear such clothes, but he has no other choice. Expulsion from an educational institution, lack of means of subsistence, a sense of injustice suppress the hero and push him to commit a crime.

A feeling of deep loneliness haunts the hero, despite the fact that there are a huge number of people around. After all, he is surrounded by the same poor, pitiful and embittered characters for the whole world. They have long been incapable of compassion and humanity. This fact proves the reaction of the crowd to the confession of a drunken Marmeladov. The petty official speaks frankly about his offensive position, in which he can no longer exist. Every day, he has to silently watch the humiliation of his wife, the hunger of children, and most importantly, the mutilated fate of his beloved daughter Sonechka. Exhausted by mental anguish, Marmeladov expects sympathy and understanding from his listeners, but the cruel crowd can only ridicule and humiliate.

Continued below

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agent
03/06/2019 left a comment:

The description of the suffering of the Marmeladov family perfectly reveals the theme of "little people". Thanks to the detailed description of difficult living conditions, everything around is shrouded in darkness and cold. Even the luxurious capital of St. Petersburg is changing its appearance. In the work, she creates the impression of a gray, indifferent, dead and cruel city. The novel shows the other side of this city. Luxurious facades replace old dilapidated buildings in which people outraged by life live.

Another representative of the humiliated and insulted is Katerina Ivanovna. The famous author describes a tortured woman. Every day she tries to clean up the house and feed the hungry children. Her stepdaughter, Sonya, is also trying with all her might to help the family, but, unfortunately, she makes the only possible decision - to go to the panel. Rodion's sister Dunya also deserves sympathy. She, like her brother, has to restrain pride and pride, endure ridicule and bullying.

The novel "Crime and Punishment" is filled with such images, the heroes of the work are constantly in need, are in conditions of existence unsuitable for the life of normal people. These inhuman conditions force the characters to make difficult choices: endure and live like this or die?

A sense of duty and responsibility does not allow Sonechka Marmeladova to decide on suicide. "And what will happen to them?" - says the girl when Rodion ponders how to get out of their situation with dignity. She refuses bodily death out of a desire to help her family, but thereby chooses complete mental death. The same can be said about Dunya. She decides to marry an unloved person, dooming herself to a bleak existence. The education of her brother and the well-being of the family are more important for Dunya than other joys in life.

All this means that despite the severity of their position in these people, the most important human qualities remain - compassion, nobility and generosity. The author sympathizes with his heroes and at the same time admires their spiritual wealth, which they were able to preserve in such terrible conditions.

Rodion Raskolnikov's theory is a product of a cruel world. It represents a protest against such conditions of existence. The commission of the crime did not restore justice and did not make Rodion a "rightful" person. On the contrary, it brought feelings of remorse and disappointment. But at the same time, even in the world of poverty and deprivation, there is a place for light feelings: love, friendship, compassion. This fills the author with the belief that over time, society can still improve, become less cruel. Love and respect for the people around you is the only way to create a civilized, humane society. Perhaps it was this meaning that the author tried to convey in his famous work.

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Biz-ledy
03/06/2019 left a comment:

In Dostoesky's novel Crime and Punishment, the central characters are "little people". Who are they? "Little man" is a representative of the lower strata of the population, a person of insignificant social status. The fate of the "little people" is not easy. These people have to put up with social injustice and humiliation on the part of other people who are higher in position in society on a daily basis.

The main character of the novel, Rodion Raskolnikov, is also one of the "little people". The young man barely survives in poverty. The family of the protagonist is poor, his mother works all her life for a pittance to help her son graduate from university. Sister Dunya is forced to enter the service of the Svidrigayovs' house, where she suffers humiliation. Later, Dunya marries Mr. Luzhin, despite his disgust for him. This is an example of self-sacrifice, Dunya wants to help his brother in a difficult situation.

Another example of "little people" in the novel is the Marmeladov family. Semyon Zakharovich Marmeladov is a former official, with his drunkenness he brought the family to deep poverty.

Marmeladov understands the hopelessness of his situation, but is unable to help his family, this only makes him worse. Sonya Marmeladova is an innocent girl forced to trade herself in order to feed her unhappy family. But, engaged in an obscene income, Sonya did not fall into drunkenness and debauchery. Unlike Raskolnikov, she is convinced that no life difficulties or supposedly humane goals can justify violence and crime.

"Little People" is one of the main themes of most literary works. Life is not easy for them at all times. Fate is playing a cruel joke with them. A lifelong joke.

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V_V
03/06/2019 left a comment:

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky is a genius of the psychological novel and a true classic of Russian literature. His works touch the subtlest strings of the human soul. The work of Fyodor Mikhailovich's life is the novel "Crime and Punishment". It touches upon many different topics: philosophical, psychological, social. I would like to focus on the topic of little people in the novel. This is what I will narrate about in my essay.

But before touching on this topic. It is required to give a concept to the term "little man". "Little man" in Russian literature is a type of character introduced by Gogol in his work "The Overcoat". Dostoevsky is the continuer of Gogol's traditions, so let's figure out what the role of little people is in the novel Crime and Punishment.

Marmeladov, Lizaveta, Pulcheria Alexandrovna and Avdotya Romanovna. They are linked by a special role in the novel - the role of spiritual martyrdom. I don't think you should understand each one separately. We will restrict ourselves to two examples. Sonechka Marmeladova worked on a yellow ticket, endured constant mockery in order to feed her family, and Avdotya Romanovna had to marry a terrible, evil, indifferent to everything except her capital man - Peter Petrovich Luzhin, in order to help Raskolnikov financially.

All of these characters are small people, they are offended, they endure and are in some way God's creatures that do not affect anything in this world. But is this so, is their fate so terrible? Yes, their fate is truly unenviable and pitying in the reading community. But each of them is undergoing or has undergone a moral revolution!

The drunkard-Marmeladov is not afraid of his wife's slap, but is afraid of tears in her eyes, afraid of screaming, why? Because he loves her as a person, he does not want to upset her, but circumstances, his position and character cannot allow him not to do this. However, he worries, he suffers precisely because of the experiences of the other. The same can be said about each of the above, and especially about Sonya. She lives only for the sake of others, but isn't that what a person aspires to? Is he happy who can decide other people's destinies? No! And the one who is thirsty and ready to do everything to help? He's definitely happy! It is humanity that little people are endowed with in Dostoevsky's novel. They seem to rise above the whole vile, greedy world and are the hope of humanity for salvation from darkness and darkness, which are personified in such characters as the usurer, Luzhin.

In conclusion, I would like to note that Dostoevsky's modernization of the image of a “poor man” emphasizes the author's uniqueness and genius, but most importantly, it shows his true position based on fundamental Christian principles: philanthropy and love for one's neighbor

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buzz
03/06/2019 left a comment:

In the novel Crime and Punishment, Dostoevsky describes the hero as an ordinary poor student who was dressed in rags, pledged all his money and lived very poorly. He lives on the brink of poverty, and therefore - a "little man". This is the whole lowland of Rodion Raskolnikov. Life should break him, but he is strong in spirit, he is not downtrodden or humiliated by fate. Dostoevsky wanted to show how small and wretched he is in the vast world, but at the same time strong and big. According to his social status, Raskolnikov is a “little man”.

Dostoevsky emphasizes in the novel the power of the environment over a person. This environment and everyday little things give a full characterization of the hero. Looking at the conditions in which the hero lives, one can understand why he is like that. Raskolnikov rushes about the city and sees only tears, dirt. The city is cruel and inhuman, does not look like the capital, but resembles the delirium of a madman. It is the poverty around us that shows the "little man." In addition, the author makes it clear how contradictory his inner world is. On the one hand, he is poor and unhappy, on the other, he does not evoke any sympathy.

In fact, he is not a small person. He fell into the abyss of poverty, but he is not ready to accept, he is fighting. He goes to the crime and then justifies himself. Rodion killed the old woman usurer, but believes that he saved society from evil. All the time after the committed crime, he devoured himself from the inside and convinced himself of the correctness of his deed.

The life of the rest of the heroes of the novel is no less terrible. They are also “little people”. A drunken Marmeladov, his wife dying of consumption, Rodion's mother and sister, experiencing bullying by the rich, a girl who doomed herself to humiliation, children growing up next to drinking parents. All this is a story about "little people". “Little people” are aware of the hopelessness of their situation, but they cannot fix anything. Under the influence of a terrifying existence, a philosophy of life is born.

The social and everyday motives of the crime committed by Raskolnikov are overlapped by philosophical motives. By uniting his fate with oppressed people, only in this way can he atone for his guilt before these unfortunate people. Raskolnikov comes to the conclusion that it is better to be a "little man", to be crushed, than, on the contrary, to have power over people and crush them. He prefers to be a victim than an executioner. Humility comes to him. Therefore, at the end of the novel, readers see Rodion on the threshold of a new life, which is radically different from today's reality.