The Bolkonski family. The image and character characteristics of Liza Bolkonskaya based on the novel of the epic War and Peace (Tolstoy Lev N.) Did Bolkonsky love his wife
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Liza Bolkonskaya is one of those characters in the novel whose action in the novel is limited by the time frame, but at the same time her significance is great. A certain canonicity is embedded in her image, which makes it possible to prioritize and consider the true purpose of a woman through the eyes of Tolstoy.
Position in society
Liza Bolkonskaya was an aristocrat from birth. Her family was influential in aristocratic circles due to the financial condition and position in society of her representatives.
For example, Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, who was also a representative of this family (he was Lisa's uncle), significantly influenced the “rating” of the family in society. Kutuzov managed to achieve significant success in his military career, which undoubtedly prompted people to respectfully treat the representatives of this family.
Nothing is known about other family members, in particular about Lisa's parents, but based on the attitude of other characters towards this heroine, it can be concluded that Lisa belonged to a family whose opinion and position in society were considered.
Prototypes
Most of the characters in Tolstoy's novel have their own prototypes. Lisa Meinen also has such a prototype. She became Louise Ivanovna Truzon - the wife of Tolstoy's second cousin, Alexander Alekseevich Volkonsky.
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Lev Nikolaevich's diary contains records of meetings with this woman. Of particular interest is the entry dated March 24, 1851. That evening Tolstoy was visiting his brother. Luisa Ivanovna was in her prime during this period - she was 26 years old, she was a young and attractive woman. Tolstoy described her as a person who managed to captivate him. Louise Ivanovna did not arouse sexual desire in Tolstoy - Lev Nikolaevich claims that her image was attractive to him.
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She was an incredibly sweet woman who looked like an angel. The same impression was conveyed in the form of the image of Lisa Meinen - this is a sweet, kind girl who evokes positive emotions of a sublime character in everyone.
Biography of Lisa Meinen
Lev Nikolaevich does not submit statements about the childhood and youth of Lisa Meinen. Her image is limited to the framework of "adult life".
At the time of meeting the reader, Lisa is an adult married woman. Her husband was Andrei Bolkonsky, one of the most enviable suitors of his time.
Young people are expecting their first child. Tired of his wife's company, Prince Andrew decides to go to the front. Lisa, on the other hand, remains in the Bolkonsky family estate with Andrei's father and sister. Unfortunately, the woman does not develop friendly relations with her husband's family and is neutral in nature.
Prince Andrey returns home just on the day of his wife's birth. During childbirth, Lisa dies, leaving a newborn son in memory of herself.
Relationship between Lisa and Andrei Bolkonsky
Lisa Meinen evoked a feeling of sympathy and admiration in everyone, but her relationship with her husband was far from ideal.
To outline the peculiarities of the relationship between Lisa and Andrei, Lev Nikolaevich turns to the autobiographical principle. Many memoirs of contemporaries and diary entries of Tolstoy himself have been preserved. Lev Nikolaevich's interest in a woman remained until the time when she was studied by the writer, or until she became a wife. Tolstoy believed that after marriage, a woman loses her charm. The same fate befell Liza and Andrei. Apparently, before the wedding, the relationship between the spouses was of a romantic nature, but after that, Prince Andrey is disappointed in his wife.
He begins to be annoyed by the presence of his wife, and he regards life in marriage as torture. While in Anna Scherer's salon, Bolkonsky openly tells Pierre Bezukhov that he made a huge mistake by marrying and advises Pierre not to marry as long as possible.
Lisa does not make any attempts to get closer to her husband, it seems that they exist separately from each other. Whether the woman is aware of her position and whether she knows that she irritates her husband is not known.
Andrei's stay in captivity significantly changes his attitude in his wife - Prince Andrei, inflamed with new sensations, returns home to create a loving family, but his hopes were not destined to come true - Liza dies.
Appearance
Liza Bolkonskaya has an attractive appearance: she has a sweet, childlike face, neat facial features. Her face was framed by beautiful black hair. One lip of Lisa was short, which made it possible to see her white teeth. When a woman smiled, she became even more attractive - her short lip formed a beautiful line.
Liza was short - she seemed diminutive and sophisticated, so everyone around her called her "little princess".
Characteristics of Lisa Meinen
Lisa Meinen has often been in society since birth, so social life is familiar and attractive to her. A woman loves to attend social events, she enjoys communicating with others.
By her nature, Lisa resembles a child: she is cheerful and eccentric, a little absent-minded. The woman is distinguished by her benevolence and kindness.
Liza is not characterized by observation - she often does not attach importance to minor changes in the appearance or mood of others.
In general, Lisa looks like an angel. After her death, Prince Andrei notes that the woman had not only a childish appearance and character, but also a childish soul - all her thoughts were kind and pure, it seemed that a woman never experiences negative emotions, and her soul is not visited by the desire to do some an impious act.
That is why the death of Liza in the eyes of Prince Andrei looks doubly unfair. Bolkonsky ponders why such a sweet and kind person like Liza needed to die.
Thus, in the vision of Tolstoy, Lisa Meinen is a finally formed person, she is not capable of development and change, and this designates the fulfillment of her role as a person. Having fulfilled her biological duty - the birth of a child, Lisa dies - she is not of interest to Tolstoy either in terms of personality or in terms of her mother (because of her passion for high society), and therefore becomes an unnecessary character in the novel.
L. N. Tolstoy
"War and Peace"
autumn 1812
Father - Prince Nikolai Bolkonsky; sister - Princess Marya Bolkonskaya
Nikolay Bolkonsky.
Andrey Nikolaevich Bolkonsky- the hero of Leo Tolstoy's novel War and Peace. The son of Prince Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky.
Biography of the main character
Appearance: “Prince Bolkonsky was short, a very handsome young man with definite and dry features. Everything in his figure, from a tired, bored gaze to a quiet, measured step, represented the sharpest contrast with his small, lively wife. Apparently, all those who were in the living room were not only familiar to him, but they were so tired of him that he was very bored to look at them and listen to them. Of all the faces that bored him, the face of his pretty wife seemed to bore him the most. With a grimace that ruined his handsome face, he turned away from her ... "
The first time a reader meets this hero in St. Petersburg in the living room of Anna Pavlovna Sherer with his pregnant wife Liza. After a dinner party, he goes to his father in the village. Leaves his wife there in the care of his father and younger sister Marya. He went to the war of 1805 against Napoleon as an adjutant to Kutuzov. Participates in the Battle of Austerlitz, in which he was wounded in the head. He ends up in a French hospital, but returns to his homeland. Upon arriving home, Andrei finds his wife Lisa giving birth.
Having given birth to a son, Nikolenka, Liza dies. Prince Andrey blames himself for being cold with his wife, for not giving her due attention. After a long depression, Bolkonsky falls in love with Natasha Rostova. He offers her a hand and a heart, but at the insistence of his father postpones their marriage for a year and goes abroad. Shortly before his return, Prince Andrew receives a letter from the bride with a refusal. The reason for the refusal is Natasha's romance with Anatoly Kuragin. This turn of events becomes a heavy blow for Bolkonsky. He dreams of challenging Kuragin to a duel, but he never does. To numb the pain of disappointment in his beloved woman, Prince Andrei completely devotes himself to the service.
Participates in the war of 1812 against Napoleon. During the Battle of Borodino, he received a shrapnel wound in the stomach. Among other seriously wounded, Bolkonsky sees Anatol, who lost his leg. During the move, mortally wounded Prince Andrei accidentally meets the Rostov family, and they take him under their wing. Natasha, without ceasing to blame herself for treason to the groom, and realizing that she still loves him, asks for forgiveness from Andrey. Despite a temporary improvement, Prince Andrew dies in the arms of Natasha and Princess Marya.
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An excerpt characterizing Andrei Bolkonsky
"Where? Pierre asked himself. Where can you go now? Is it really a club or guests? " All people seemed so pitiful, so poor in comparison with the feelings of tenderness and love that he felt; in comparison with the softened, grateful look that she last looked at him because of her tears.- Home, - said Pierre, in spite of ten degrees of frost, plowing open a bear fur coat on his broad, happily breathing chest.
It was frosty and clear. Over the dirty, half-dark streets, over the black roofs, there was a dark, starry sky. Pierre, just looking at the sky, did not feel the insulting baseness of everything earthly in comparison with the height at which his soul was. At the entrance to Arbat Square, a huge space of the starry dark sky opened up to Pierre's eyes. Almost in the middle of this sky above Prechistensky Boulevard, surrounded, strewn with stars on all sides, but differing from everyone by its proximity to the earth, white light, and a long, upturned tail, stood a huge bright comet of 1812, the same comet that foreshadowed, as they said, all sorts of horrors and the end of the world. But in Pierre, this bright star with a long, radiant tail did not arouse any terrible feeling. Opposite, Pierre gazed joyfully, eyes wet with tears, at this bright star, which, as if, with inexpressible speed flying immeasurable spaces along a parabolic line, suddenly, like an arrow piercing the ground, slammed into one place she had chosen, in the black sky, and stopped, her tail lifted vigorously, glowing and playing with her white light between countless other twinkling stars. It seemed to Pierre that this star fully corresponded to what was in his soul, which blossomed into a new life, softened and emboldened.
From the end of 1811, intensified armament and concentration of the forces of Western Europe began, and in 1812 these forces - millions of people (including those who transported and fed the army) moved from West to East, to the borders of Russia, to which in the same way since 1811 the year the forces of Russia were pulled together. On June 12, the forces of Western Europe crossed the borders of Russia, and a war began, that is, an event that was contrary to human reason and all human nature took place. Millions of people committed, against each other, such a countless number of atrocities, deceptions, treason, theft, forgery and the issuance of false banknotes, robberies, arson and murders, which for centuries will not be collected by the chronicle of all the courts of the world and for which, during this period of time, people those who committed them did not look at them as crimes.
What caused this extraordinary event? What were the reasons for it? Historians say with naive certainty that the reasons for this event were the insult inflicted on the Duke of Oldenburg, non-compliance with the continental system, Napoleon's lust for power, Alexander's firmness, diplomatic mistakes, etc.
Consequently, it was only worth Metternich, Rumyantsev or Talleyrand, between the exit and the reception, to try hard and write a more searching piece of paper or to Napoleon write to Alexander: Monsieur mon frere, je consens a rendre le duche au duc d "Oldenbourg, [My dear brother, I agree return the duchy to the Duke of Oldenburg.] - and there would be no war.
It is clear that this was how things seemed to be to contemporaries. It is clear that it seemed to Napoleon that the cause of the war was the intrigues of England (as he said it on the island of St. Helena); it is clear that it seemed to the members of the English House that the cause of the war was Napoleon's lust for power; that it seemed to the Prince of Oldenburg that the cause of the war was the violence committed against him; that the merchants thought that the cause of the war was the continental system that ravaged Europe, that the old soldiers and generals thought that the main reason was the need to use them in business; the legitimists of that time that it was necessary to restore les bons principes [good principles], and the diplomats of that time that everything happened because the alliance of Russia with Austria in 1809 was not skillfully hidden from Napoleon and that the memorandum was awkwardly written for No. 178. It is clear that these and still countless, infinite number of reasons, the number of which depends on the countless difference of points of view, seemed to contemporaries; but for us - descendants, contemplating in all its scope the enormity of the event that took place and delving into its simple and terrible meaning, these reasons seem insufficient. It is incomprehensible to us that millions of Christians killed and tortured each other, because Napoleon was power-hungry, Alexander was firm, the policy of England was cunning and the Duke of Oldenburg was offended. It is impossible to understand what connection these circumstances have with the very fact of murder and violence; why, due to the fact that the duke was offended, thousands of people from the other end of Europe killed and ruined the people of the Smolensk and Moscow provinces and were killed by them.
The first time we come across the entire Bolkonskys family is at the end of the first part of the first volume, when everyone in Bald Hills, at the Bolkonskys' main estate, is awaiting the arrival of Prince Andrey with his wife. From that moment on, it becomes a lot, but we can say that almost everything is clear about this family, about all their members. Starting with the old prince, and ending with m-lle Bourienne. Before starting the description of family members, it should be said that everyone in the Bolkonsky family is somehow special in their own way. If we draw a parallel with the Rostovs, then we can immediately say: these are completely different people. The Rostovs are simple nobles, a good-natured father, a kind mother, a generous son, carefree children. Here everything is completely different. A dictator father, a submissive daughter, a fearful daughter-in-law, and an independent son. This is an overview of the whole family that provides some insight into the Bolkonskys. Figuratively one can imagine the Bolkonskys as a triangle, at the top of which is the father, Prince Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky, on the other peak is Andrei, and not the third princess Marya Bolkonskaya with Liza, the wife of Prince Andrei. These are three fronts, three completely opposite groupings (if one or two people can be called that) in the family.
Nikolay Bolkonsky
Most of all, the old prince valued in people "two virtues: activity and intelligence." "He himself was engaged in the upbringing of his daughter and, in order to develop both main virtues in her, he gave her algebra and geometry lessons and distributed her whole life in continuous studies. He himself was constantly busy either writing his memoirs" or "calculating from higher mathematics, sometimes turning snuff boxes on a machine, then working in the garden and observing buildings that did not stop on his estate. " Living in the village, Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky reads a lot, he is aware of the current events. Unlike the inhabitants of secular living rooms, he deeply experiences everything that is happening in Russia, and believes that the duty of a nobleman is to serve the motherland. True love for the motherland and the consciousness of his duty to her sound in his parting words to his son: "Remember one thing, Prince Andrey: if you are killed, it will hurt me, the old man ... But if I find out that you did not behave like the son of Nikolai Bolkonsky, I will be ... ashamed! "When in 1806 the theater of military operations approached the Russian borders, Nikolai Andreevich Bolkonsky, despite his venerable age, accepted the appointment as one of the eight commanders of the militia." He constantly traveled to the three provinces entrusted to him; was up to pedantry executive in his duties, strict to cruelty with his subordinates and he himself came to the smallest details of the case. "In 1812, having learned about the capture of Smolensk by the French, the old prince Bolkonsky decides" to remain in Bald Hills to the last extreme and to defend himself. " about the homeland, about its fate, about the defeat of the Russian army, they do not leave him in the hours of death. Nikolai Andreevich was a Russian master, sometimes tyranny and despotism manifested in him, however, at the same time, he was a man of enormous moral strength, highly developed spiritually. Bolkonsky was inherited by his children - Prince Andrey and Princess Marya. Old Prince Bolkonsky did not want his daughter to look like secular women. He did not like idleness, worked himself and demanded that the life of the princess be filled with useful pursuits.
Andrey Bolkonsky
In the artistic world of Tolstoy there are heroes who persistently and purposefully seek the meaning of life, striving for complete harmony with the world. They are not occupied with secular intrigues, selfish interests, empty talk in high society salons. They are easily recognizable among haughty, self-righteous faces. These, of course, include one of the most striking images of "War and Peace" - Andrei Bolkonsky. True, the first acquaintance with this hero does not arouse much sympathy, for his handsome face "with definite and dry features" spoils the expression of boredom and discontent. But it, as Tolstoy writes, is caused by the fact that "all those who were in the living room were not only familiar, but already tired of him so that he was very bored to look at them and listen to them." The author's detailed commentary says that a brilliant and idle, empty life does not satisfy the hero, who seeks to break the vicious circle in which he finds himself. Prince Andrey, possessing, in addition to intelligence and education, a strong will, decisively changes his life, joining the headquarters of the commander-in-chief. Bolkonsky dreams of heroism and glory, but his desires are far from vanity, for they are caused by the desire for the victory of Russian weapons, for the common good. Possessing hereditary pride, Andrei unconsciously separates himself from the world of ordinary people. In the hero's soul, the gap between his lofty dreams and earthly everyday life becomes deeper and deeper. His pretty wife Liza, who had once seemed perfect to him, turned out to be an ordinary, ordinary woman. And Andrei undeservedly insults her with his dismissive attitude. And the bustling life of the headquarters of the commander-in-chief, which Bolkonsky sees as the brain of the army, also turns out to be very far from ideal. Andrei firmly believes that his thoughts about saving the army will attract attention and interest, and will serve the general benefit. But instead of saving the army, he has to save the medicinal wife from the claims of the transport officer. This, in general, a noble deed seems to Andrey too small and insignificant in comparison with his heroic dream. The feat accomplished by him during the Battle of Austerlitz, when he runs ahead of everyone with a banner in his hands, is full of external effect: he was noticed and appreciated even by Napoleon. But why, having committed a heroic act, Andrei does not feel any delight and enthusiasm? Probably because at the moment when he fell, seriously wounded, a new high truth was revealed to him, together with a high endless sky, spreading a blue vault over him. Against his background, all the former dreams and aspirations seemed to Andrey small and insignificant, the same as the former idol. A reassessment of values took place in his soul. What seemed to him beautiful and sublime turned out to be empty and vain. And what he so diligently fenced off from - a simple and quiet family life - now seems to him desirable, full of happiness and harmony. It is not known how Bolkonsky's life with his wife would have turned out. But when, having risen from the dead, he returned home kinder and softer, a new blow fell on him - the death of his wife, before whom he could not make amends. Andrei tries to live a simple, calm life, touchingly caring for his son, improving the lives of his serfs: he made three hundred people free farmers, the rest replaced corvee with quitrent. These humane measures, testifying to the advanced views of Bolkonsky, for some reason still do not convince him of his love for the people. Too often there slips in him a disdain for a peasant or a soldier, who can be pitied but not respected. In addition, the state of depression, the feeling of the impossibility of happiness indicate that all transformations cannot completely occupy his mind and heart. Changes in Andrey's difficult state of mind begin with the arrival of Pierre, who, seeing his friend's oppressed mood, tries to instill in him faith in the existence of a kingdom of goodness and truth, which should exist on earth. Andrey's final revival to life takes place thanks to his meeting with Natasha Rostova. The description of the moonlit night and Natasha's first ball is poetic and charming. Communication with her opens up a new sphere of life for Andrey - love, beauty, poetry. But it is with Natasha that he is not destined to be happy, because there is no complete mutual understanding between them. Natasha loves Andrei, but does not understand and does not know him. And she, too, remains a mystery to him with her own, special inner world. If Natasha lives every moment, is not able to wait and postpone the moment of happiness until a certain time, then Andrei is able to love at a distance, finding a special charm in anticipation of the upcoming wedding with his girlfriend. Separation turned out to be too difficult a test for Natasha, because, unlike Andrei, she is not able to think about something else, to occupy herself with some business. The story with Anatol Kuragin destroys the possible happiness of these heroes. Proud and proud Andrei is unable to forgive Natasha for her mistake. And she, experiencing painful remorse, considers herself unworthy of such a noble, ideal person. Fate separates loving people, leaving bitterness and pain of disappointment in their souls. But she will also unite them before Andrei's death, because the Patriotic War of 1812 will change a lot in their characters. When Napoleon entered the borders of Russia and began to rapidly move forward, Andrei Bolkonsky, who hated the war after being seriously wounded at Austerlitz, went into the army, refusing safe and promising service at the headquarters of the commander-in-chief. Leading the regiment, the proud aristocrat Bolkonsky draws closer to the soldier-peasant masses, learns to value and respect the common people. If at first Prince Andrei tried to excite the courage of the soldiers by walking under the bullets, then, seeing them in battle, he realized that he had nothing to teach them. He begins to look at the men in soldier's greatcoats as heroes-patriots who courageously and staunchly defended their Fatherland. Andrei Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that the success of the army does not depend on the position, weapons or the number of troops, but on the feeling that is in him and in every soldier. This means that he believes that the mood of the soldiers, the general morale of the troops are the decisive factor for the outcome of the battle. But still, the complete unity of Prince Andrei with the common people did not happen. It is not for nothing that Tolstoy introduces a seemingly insignificant episode about how the prince wanted to swim on a hot day, but because of his disdainful attitude towards the soldiers floundering in the pond, he was never able to carry out his intention. Andrei himself is ashamed of his feelings, but cannot overpower him. It is symbolic that at the moment of his fatal wound, Andrei experiences a huge craving for a simple earthly life, but immediately thinks about why he is so sorry to part with it. This struggle between earthly passions and an ideal coldish love for people is especially exacerbated before his death. Having met Natasha and forgiving her, he feels a surge of vitality, but this quivering and warm feeling is replaced by some unearthly detachment, which is incompatible with life and means death. Thus, revealing in Andrei Bolkonsky many remarkable features of a patriotic nobleman. Tolstoy cuts off his path of quest with heroic death for the sake of saving his fatherland. And to continue this search for higher spiritual values, which remained unattainable for Andrei, is destined in the novel to his friend and like-minded person Pierre Bezukhov.
Maria Bolkonskaya
The princess lives without a break in the Lysye Gory estate with her father, a splendid Catherine's nobleman, who was exiled under Paul and has not gone anywhere since then. Her father, Nikolai Andreevich, is not a pleasant person: he is often grumpy and rude, scolds the princess as a fool, throws notebooks and, to top it off, a pedant. And here is the portrait of the princess: "The mirror reflected an ugly weak body and a thin face." And then Tolstoy seemed to be amazed by what he saw: “the eyes of the princess, large, deep and radiant (as if rays of warm light sometimes came out of them like sheaves), were so good that very often, despite the ugliness of the whole face, these eyes became more attractive than beauty *. Together with Prince Andrey, Princess Marya is shown to us in the novel as a perfect, absolutely complete psychologically, physically and morally human type.At the same time, like any woman, according to Tolstoy, she lives in a constant, unconscious expectation of love and family happiness. - a mirror of the soul, a common place. But the soul of the princess is really beautiful, kind and tender. And it is her light that shines in Marya's eyes. Princess Marya is smart, romantic and religious. She dutifully endures her father's eccentric behavior, his mockery and ridicule, without ceasing infinitely deeply and she loves the "little princess", loves her nephew Nicholas, loves her French companion who betrayed her, loves her brother Andrey, loves , not knowing how to show it, Natasha, loves the vicious Anatole Kuragin. Her love is such that all those nearby obey her rhythms and movements and dissolve in her. Tolstoy endows Princess Marya with an amazing fate. He realizes for her any, the most daring romantic dreams of a provincial young lady. She experiences betrayal and death of loved ones, she is saved from the hands of enemies by the brave hussar Nikolinka Rostov, her future husband (how can you not remember Kozma Prutkov: "If you want to be beautiful, go to the hussars"). Long languor of mutual love and courtship, and at the end - a wedding and a happy family life. Sometimes one gets the impression that the author is gracefully and cleverly parodying countless French novels, which were an integral part of the "women's world" and had a significant impact on the formation of the spiritual world of the Russian young lady at the beginning of the 19th century. Of course, this is not a straightforward parody. Tolstoy is too big for that. With a special literary device, he always takes Princess Mary out of the plot. Every time, she sensibly and logically comprehends any "romantic" or close to this combination of events. (Recall her reaction to the adultery of Anatole Kuragin and the Frenchwoman Burienne.) Her mind allows her to stand with both feet on the ground. Her romance developed by the novels allows her to think of a kind of parallel, second "romantic" reality. Her religiosity stems from her moral sense, and it is kind-hearted and open to the world. Undoubtedly, in this context, her literary predecessor attracts attention. This, of course, is Lizonka from Pushkin's The Queen of Spades. In some cases, the drawing of their destinies coincides to the smallest detail. "Lizaveta Ivanovna was a domestic martyr," writes Pushkin, "she poured tea and was reprimanded for an extra lump of sugar; she read novels aloud and was to blame for all the mistakes of the author." How can one fail to recall the life of Princess Marya with her father in Bald Hills and in Moscow! In the image of Princess Marya, there is much less literary typicality and much more lively quivering soul and human attractiveness than other female characters in the novel. Together with the author, we, the readers, take an active part in her fate. In any case, the description of her cozy family happiness with a limited, but deeply beloved husband among children, relatives and friends gives real pleasure.
Liza Bolkonskaya
The wife of Prince Andrew. She is the favorite of the whole world, an attractive young woman, whom everyone calls "the little princess". "Her pretty, with a slightly blackened mustache, the upper lip was short on the teeth, but the lovelier it opened and the lovelier it sometimes stretched out and sank onto the lower lip. As is always the case with quite attractive women, her lack - short lips and a half-open mouth - seemed her special, in fact her beauty. It was fun for everyone to look at this pretty future mother, full of health and liveliness, who so easily endured her position. " Liza was a universal favorite thanks to her everlasting liveliness and courtesy of a secular woman; she could not imagine her life without the upper light. But Prince Andrew did not love his wife and felt unhappy in his marriage. Lisa does not understand her husband, his aspirations and ideals. After Andrey left for the war, Liza lives in the Bald Hills with the old prince Bolkonsky, to whom she feels fear and dislike. Lisa has a presentiment of her imminent death and really dies during childbirth.
Nikolenka Bolkonsky
Another Nikolai Bolkonsky, Nikolenka, will continue his father's ideas. In Epilogue he is 15 years old. For six years he was left without a father. And until the age of six, the boy spent a little time with him. In the first seven years of Nikolenka's life, his father took part in two wars, stayed abroad for a long time due to illness, and devoted a lot of effort to reforming activities in the Speransky commission (which was what the old prince was proud of, who probably would have been upset if he had learned about the disappointment of Prince Andrei in state activities) ... The dying Bolkonsky leaves to his son something like an old encrypted will about the "birds of the air." He does not utter these Gospel words aloud, but Tolstoy says that the prince's son understood everything, even more than an adult, wise person could understand. As a "bird of heaven", which in the Gospel is a symbol of the soul, having no "image and form", but constituting one essence - love, - as promised, Prince Andrey comes to Nikolenka after his death. The boy dreams of his Father - love for people, and Nikolenka takes an oath to sacrifice himself (it’s not for nothing that Muziy Stsevola is remembered) at the behest of the Father (Father is a word written, of course, not by chance with a capital letter).
Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy in his famous novel "War and Peace" singled out "popular thought" as the main idea. This theme is most multifaceted and vividly reflected in the excerpts from the work, which describe the war. As for the "world", "family thought" prevails in its image. She also plays a very important role in the work of interest to us. The theme of love in the novel "War and Peace" in many ways helps the author to reveal this idea.
Love in the life of the characters in the novel
Almost all the characters in the work are tested by love. Not all of them come to moral beauty, mutual understanding and true feeling. Moreover, it does not happen immediately. The heroes have to go through mistakes and suffering, redeeming them, purifying and developing the soul.
The life of Andrei Bolkonsky with Lisa
The theme of love in the novel "War and Peace" is revealed through the example of several heroes, one of which is Andrei Bolkonsky. His path to happiness was thorny. At the age of 20, being an inexperienced young man blinded by outward beauty, he decides to marry Lisa. But Andrei very quickly comes to a depressing and painful understanding that he made a cruel and unique mistake. In a conversation with his friend, Pierre Bezukhov, he utters, almost in despair, the words that one should not marry before he has done everything he could. Andrei says that he would give a lot so as not to be tied by family ties now.
Bolkonsky and his wife did not bring peace and happiness. Moreover, he was weary of it. Andrei did not love his wife. Rather, he despised her, treating her like a child from a stupid empty world. Bolkonsky was oppressed by the feeling that his life was useless, that he had become an idiot and a court lackey.
Andrei's mental fracture
This hero had the death of Liza ahead of him, a mental breakdown, melancholy, fatigue, disappointment, contempt for life. At that time, Bolkonsky resembled an oak tree, which stood contemptuous, angry and old freak between smiling birches. This tree did not want to submit to the charm of spring. However, suddenly a confusion of young hopes and thoughts arose in Andrei's soul, unexpected for him. As you probably guessed, the theme of love in War and Peace is further developed. The hero leaves the estate transformed. Again in front of him on the road is an oak tree, but now it is not ugly and old, but covered with greenery.
Bolkonsky's feeling for Natasha
The theme of love in the novel "War and Peace" is very important for the author. According to Tolstoy, this feeling is a miracle that revives us to a new life. to Natasha, a girl so unlike the absurd and empty women of the world, Bolkonsky did not immediately appear. It renewed his soul, turned it over with incredible force. Andrei has now become a completely different person. He seemed to have stepped out of a stuffy room. True, even feeling for Natasha did not help Bolkonsky to humble his pride. He never managed to forgive Natasha for her "betrayal". It was only after he received a mortal wound that he rethought his life. Bolkonsky, after a mental break, understood Natasha's suffering, remorse and shame. He realized that he was cruel by breaking off relations with her. The hero admitted that he loves her even more than before. However, nothing could keep Bolkonsky in this world, not even Natasha's fiery feeling.
Pierre's love for Helene
The theme of love in Tolstoy's novel War and Peace is also revealed through the example of Pierre. The fate of Pierre Bezukhov is somewhat similar to the fate of Andrei, his best friend. Like him, who was carried away in his youth by Lisa, Pierre, who had just returned from Paris, fell in love with Helene, who was puppetly beautiful. When revealing the theme of love and friendship in Leo Tolstoy's novel War and Peace, it should be noted that Pierre's feelings for Helene were childishly enthusiastic. Andrey's example did not teach him anything. Bezukhov had to make sure from his own experience that external beauty is not always internal, spiritual.
Unhappy marriage
This hero felt that there were no barriers between him and Helen, that this girl was terribly close to him. Pierre was dominated by her beautiful marble body. And although the hero understood that this was not good, he still succumbed to the feeling that this depraved woman instilled in him. As a result, Bezukhov became her husband. However, the marriage was not happy. A feeling of gloomy despondency, disappointment, contempt for life, for himself and for his wife seized Pierre some time after his life with Helene. Her mystery turned into stupidity, spiritual emptiness and debauchery. This is worth mentioning if you are writing an essay. The theme of love in Tolstoy's novel War and Peace is illuminated from a new angle in the relationship between Pierre and Natasha. We will now talk about how these heroes finally found their happiness.
Pierre's new love
Bezukhov, meeting Natasha, like Andrei, was amazed at her naturalness and purity. In his soul, the feeling for this girl began to grow timidly even when Natasha and Bolkonsky fell in love with each other. Pierre was happy for them, but this joy was mixed with sadness. Bezukhov's kind heart, unlike Andrei, understood Natasha and forgave her for the incident with Anatoly Kuragin. Despite the fact that Pierre tried to despise her, he could see how exhausted she was. And then Bezukhov's soul for the first time was filled with a feeling of pity. He understood Natasha, perhaps because her passion for Anatole was reminiscent of his own passion for Helene. The girl believed that Kuragin had inner beauty. In communication with Anatole, like Pierre and Helene, she felt that there was no barrier between them.
Renewal of the soul of Pierre Bezukhov
Bezukhov's journey of life continues after a falling out with his wife. He is fond of Freemasonry, then takes part in the war. Bezukhov is visited by the half-childish idea of killing Napoleon. He sees Moscow burning. Further, he was prepared for difficult moments of waiting for his death, and then captivity.
Pierre's soul, purified, renewed, passed through suffering, retains love for Natasha. When he meets her again, he discovers that this girl has also changed a lot. Bezukhov did not recognize her as the old Natasha. Love awoke in the hearts of the heroes, and "long-forgotten happiness" suddenly returned to them. They were seized by, in the words of Tolstoy, "joyful madness."
Finding happiness
Life woke up in them together with love. The power of feelings brought Natasha back to life after a long mental apathy, which was caused by the death of Prince Andrew. The girl thought that with his death her life was over. However, the love for her mother, which arose in her with renewed vigor, showed Natasha that love is still alive in her. The power of this feeling, which is the essence of Natasha, was able to bring to life the people that this girl loved.
The fate of Princess Marya and Nikolai Rostov
The theme of love in Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" is also revealed through the example of the relationship between Princess Marya and Nikolai Rostov. The fates of these heroes were not easy. Outwardly ugly, meek, quiet princess had a wonderful soul. During the life of her father, she did not even hope to ever get married, raise children. Anatol Kuragin was the only one who wooed her, and even then only for the sake of a dowry. Of course, he could not understand the moral beauty and high spirituality of this heroine. Only Nikolai Rostov managed to do this.
In the epilogue of his novel, Tolstoy speaks of the spiritual unity of people, which is the basis of nepotism. At the end of the work, a new family appeared, where such seemingly different beginnings - the Bolkonskys and the Rostovs - were united. Reading Lev Nikolaevich's novel is very interesting. The eternal themes in the novel "War and Peace" by Leo Tolstoy make this work relevant today.
After reading the novel by Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace", readers come across some images of heroes, morally strong and giving us a life example. We see heroes who go through a difficult path to find their truth in life. Such is the image of Andrei Bolkonsky presented in the novel "War and Peace". The image is multifaceted, ambiguous, complex, but understandable to the reader.
Portrait of Andrei Bolkonsky
We meet with Bolkonsky at Anna Pavlovna Scherer's evening. Leo Tolstoy gives him the following description: "... a small stature, a very handsome young man with certain dry features." We see that the presence of the prince at the evening is very passive. He came there because it was supposed to be: his wife Liza was at the party, and he had to be with her. But Bolkonsky is clearly bored, the author shows this in everything "... from a tired, bored look to a quiet measured step."
In the image of Bolkonsky in the novel War and Peace, Tolstoy shows an educated, intelligent, noble secular person who knows how to think reasonably and be worthy of his title. Andrei loved his family very much, respected his father - the old prince Bolkonsky, called him "You, father ..." As Tolstoy writes, "... he cheerfully withstood his father's mockery of new people and with visible joy called his father to talk and listened to him."
He was kind and caring, although he may not seem that way to us.
Heroes of the novel about Andrei Bolkonsky
Liza, the wife of Prince Andrew, was somewhat afraid of her strict husband. Before leaving for the war, she told him: "... Andrei, you have changed so much, so changed ..."
Pierre Bezukhov "... considered Prince Andrey a model of all perfection ..." His attitude towards Bolkonsky was sincerely kind and gentle. Their friendship remained faithful to the end.
Marya Bolkonskaya, Andrei's sister, said: "You are good to everyone, Andre, but you have some kind of pride in thought." By this, she emphasized the special dignity of her brother, his nobility, intelligence, high ideals.
The old prince Bolkonsky had high hopes for his son, but he loved him like a father. "Remember one thing, if they kill you, it will hurt me, the old man ... And if I find out that you did not behave like the son of Nikolai Bolkonsky, I will be ... ashamed!" - the father said goodbye.
Kutuzov, the commander-in-chief of the Russian army, treated Bolkonsky like a father. He received him cordially and made him his adjutant. "I need good officers myself ..." - said Kutuzov when Andrei asked to let him go to Bagration's detachment.
Prince Bolkonsky and the war
In a conversation with Pierre Bezukhov, Bolkonsky expressed the thought: “Living rooms, gossip, balls, vanity, insignificance - this is a vicious circle from which I cannot get out. Now I am going to war, to the greatest war that has ever been, but I know nothing and am not good for anywhere. "
But Andrey's craving for fame, for the greatest destiny was strong, he went to "his Toulon" - here he is, the hero of Tolstoy's novel. “… We are officers who serve our tsar and fatherland…”, Bolkonsky said with true patriotism.
At the request of his father, Andrei ended up at Kutuzov's headquarters. In the army, Andrei had two reputations, very different from each other. Some "listened to him, admired him and imitated him," others "considered him a pouty, cold and unpleasant person." But he made them love and respect themselves, some were even afraid of him.
Bolkonsky considered Napoleon Bonaparte a "great commander". He recognized his genius and admired his talent in warfare. When Bolkonsky was entrusted with the mission to report to the Austrian Emperor Franz about the successful battle at Krems, Bolkonsky was proud and glad that he was the one who was going. He felt like a hero. But when he arrived in Brunne, he found out that Vienna was occupied by the French, that there was “the Prussian Union, the treason of Austria, the new triumph of Bonaparte ...” and no longer thought about his glory. He thought about how to save the Russian army.
In the Battle of Austerlitz, Prince Andrei Bolkonsky in the novel "War and Peace" is at the peak of his glory. Without expecting it, he grabbed the abandoned banner and shouted "Guys, go ahead!" ran to the enemy, the whole battalion ran after him. Andrey was wounded and fell on the field, there was only the sky above him: “… there is nothing but silence, calmness. And thank God! .. ”The fate of Andrey after the Austrelitz battle was unknown. Kutuzov wrote to Bolkonsky's father: "Your son, in my eyes, with a banner in his hands, in front of the regiment fell a hero worthy of his father and his fatherland ... it is still unknown whether he is alive or not." But soon Andrei returned home and decided not to take part in any military operations anymore. His life acquired a visible calmness and indifference. The meeting with Natasha Rostova turned his life upside down: "Such an unexpected confusion of young thoughts and hopes that contradicted his whole life suddenly arose in his soul ..."
Bolkonsky and love
At the very beginning of the novel, in a conversation with Pierre Bezukhov, Bolkonsky said the phrase: "Never, never marry, my friend!" Andrei seemed to love his wife Lisa, but his judgments about women speak of his arrogance: “Selfishness, vanity, stupidity, insignificance in everything - these are women when they are shown as they are. You look at them in the light, it seems that there is something, but nothing, nothing, nothing! " When he first saw Rostov, she seemed to him a joyful, eccentric girl who only knows how to run, sing, dance and have fun. But gradually a feeling of love came to him. Natasha gave him lightness, joy, a sense of life, something that Bolkonsky had long been forgotten. No more melancholy, contempt for life, disappointment, he felt a completely different, new life. Andrei told Pierre about his love and became firmly established in the idea of marrying Rostova.
Prince Bolkonsky and Natasha Rostova were married. To part for a whole year for Natasha was a torment, and for Andrey a test of feelings. Carried away by Anatoly Kuragin, Rostova did not keep her word given to Bolkonsky. But by the will of fate, Anatol and Andrei ended up on the deathbed together. Bolkonsky forgave him and Natasha. After being wounded in the Borodino field, Andrei dies. Natasha spends his last days with him. She takes care of him very carefully, understanding with her eyes and guessing what exactly Bolkonsky wants.
Andrei Bolkonsky and death
Bolkonsky was not afraid to die. He had experienced this feeling twice already. Lying under the Austerlitz sky, he thought that death had come to him. And now, next to Natasha, he was absolutely sure that he had not lived this life in vain. Prince Andrew's last thoughts were about love, about life. He died in complete peace, because he knew and understood what love is and what he loves: “Love? What is love? ... Love interferes with death. Love is life ... "
Still, in the novel War and Peace, Andrei Bolkonsky deserves special attention. That is why, after reading Tolstoy's novel, I decided to write an essay on the theme “Andrei Bolkonsky - the hero of the novel“ War and Peace ”. Although there are enough worthy heroes in this work, and Pierre, and Natasha, and Marya.
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