The most common surnames. What is the most common Russian surname? The most beautiful surnames in the world One hundred most popular surnames
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"As you name the boat, so it will float," - the famous captain Vrungel hummed. Does his surname affect human destiny? If your last name is the most popular in the world, are you destined to become just as popular? To find out, take a look at the most common surnames in the world.
Most popular surnames
The largest number - 300 million people - on Earth have the surname Li, Chang (Zhang), Wang. It's not hard for us to guess that they are Chinese. In fact, this is because there is not much for the Chinese to choose from - their billion 300 million people, but there are only about 500 variants of Chinese surnames. For comparison, it is much easier for Russians - we have 15 thousand versions of family names.Anyone understands that if there are a lot of people, and there are very few options, then a kind of deficit is created. Therefore, wherever you look - everywhere Lee or Wana. Li citizens - as much as 100 million people. It is difficult to imagine such an "army" of namesakes. 7.9% of Chinese people are just Li. And how many more Vietnamese and even Russians ... There is a hieroglyph of the same name in Chinese writing. He gave the name to this surname. This hieroglyph means strength.
The Chinese surname Zhang (Chang) translates as clan. There is another meaning of this word - the chapter of the book. Therefore, the surname Zhang speaks either of a numerous kinship, or that its bearer is related to literature in their professional activities. Of course, this refers to the historical origin of the generic name. There are also about 100 million such namesakes.
The most common surname in Russia
Attempts to find out which surnames are most common in Russia have been made more than once. One of the first studies was carried out at the beginning of the 20th century by a philologist from Oxford Ottokar Genrikhovich Unbegaun, a native of Russia. He took up research in St. Petersburg, opening his address book. It was called "All Petersburg". According to this Russian scholar, in the northern capital the most common surname in 1910 is Ivanov. And this is not surprising. After all, it comes from the "most Russian" name - Ivan. 
By the way, the second attempt to study the Russian surnames of already modern Russia, undertaken by Anatoly Fedorovich Zhuravlev, again brought the same surname - Ivanov into the leaders.
And only research by scientists at the Medical Genetic Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences changed this result. Scientists have undertaken a large-scale study of the issue - conditionally divided the country into hypothetical regions and studied them separately. As a result, their answer was that they won ... The Smirnovs! Surname, derived from the Russian word "peace". In Unbegaun's ranking, the Smirnovs are second, and Zhuravlev is fourth. In general, Unbegaun's top five looks like this: Ivanov, Smirnov, Kuznetsov, Popov, Vasiliev. A.F. Zhuravleva: Ivanov, Vasiliev, Petrov, Smirnov, Mikhailov. And according to the third version, the popularity rating of Russian surnames looks like this: Smirnov, Ivanov, Kuznetsov, Popov, Sokolov.
Comparing all three works, we can say that the most common surnames in Russia are the surnames Ivanov and Smirnov, present at the top lines of popularity in all studies.
It should be noted that one of the most popular surnames in Russia is the surname Kuznetsov. If we translate it into English, then we get the most common surname in North America (after the Chinese surname Lee, common there) - Smith. On the planet, about 4,000,000 have this surname. And, if we add to the translations also the variants - Kovalev, Koval, then, perhaps, this surname "by the whole world" also competes with the Chinese popularity ratings.
In contrast to the common surnames of Russia, we will consider options for the most unique, interesting and original surnames. I must say that "surname" in translation means family, family. This is the name of the genus, leading its existence from distant ancestors. I must say that initially the surname was a person's nickname, which speaks of his personal characteristics or profession, or personality traits.
Today, if you look at the telephone directory, you can see very funny, but also unique surnames. We read there - God's will, Heaven suddenly, Ubaywalk.
Most common names
One of the most common names on the planet, not surprisingly, belongs again to the Chinese. There are often men named Kim in the world.In Russia, men are most often called Alexandras. This name is international, it can be found among other languages.
But, despite the fact that the name Kim belongs to the largest nation on Earth, and men named Alexander are found all over the world, the most common male name in the world is Muhammad and his variants. In honor of the prophet of Islam, newborn boys are most often called in all countries where this religion is widespread.
Among the female names, Anna and its variations hold the palm. Translated from Hebrew, it means goodwill, favor, blessing. You can read more about the most common names.
In India, in one of the provinces, parents "compete" in coming up with unusual names for their offspring. There you can meet people called "Silver Dollar" or "Two Kilograms of Rice".
There is a woman in the United States whose name consists of 598 letters. And the lady refuses to cut it. Well at least, close friends are allowed to call her a short version of the name, otherwise, while they were greeting the hostess, having come to visit, they would already have to say goodbye.
Among famous people, the leader by the unusual name is the artist Pablo Picasso, whose full name sounds like Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomukeno Crispin Crispiano de la Santisima Trinidad Ruiz and Picasso. There are 93 letters in total. True, for the Spaniards, such pretentiousness is not a very rare occurrence.
The most common surname in the world
So, the rating of the most common surnames looks like this: the top lines are occupied by the Chinese Li, Zhang and Wang. Next comes the Vietnamese surname - Nguyen. Following Nguyen - Hispanic Garcia, Gonzalez, Hernandez. Then the Anglo-Americans Smiths. And finally, the Russian Smirnovs. Rounding out the top ten popular surnames are the Millers (Mullers, Millyars) - which in Russian means miller.Subscribe to our channel in Yandex.Zen
They say "as you name the boat, so it will float." Does this mean that a popular surname can make a person popular too?
Among the most popular surnames are not only Chinese or English, but also Russian, Spanish, African and even Greek.
Here are the most common surnames in the world:
The most famous surnames
25. Smith
This surname appeared in England and gradually spread throughout the English-speaking countries. Smith is by far the most common surname in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Scotland, Australia, and New Zealand.
24. Garcia
It is easy to guess that this surname is the most popular in Spain. However, it is also the second most popular in Cuba and third in Mexico. Due to the fact that many Latin Americans come to the United States to work, here the Garcia surname is in 8th place in popularity.
23. Martin
In France, more than 235,000 people carry this surname, making it the most popular in the country. It is also worth noting that in many languages there are other versions of this surname that are used as first names rather than surnames, for example, names such as Martinus or Martin, derived from the Latin language.
22. Rossi
In Italian, the plural of this surname is Rosso, which means "red." In Italy, this is the most common surname. However, it is also very popular in countries such as Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Mexico, Peru, USA and Uruguay.
21. Novak
This surname translates as "new person", "newbie" or "foreigner". This is a very popular Slavic name or surname. Most of the bearers of this surname live in the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovenia, but it is also very popular in Croatia, Serbia and Romania.
The most common surnames
20. Fernandez
This surname is translated as "son of Fernando". It is a very popular surname in Spain (8th place), 4th most popular in Argentina, 10th in Paraguay and 13th in Mexico. In Portugal, this surname is also quite common.
19. Smirnov
Researchers from the Medical Genetic Center of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences decided to deeply study the question of the most popular surname. They divided the Russian Federation into hypothetical regions, each of which was studied in detail.
As a result of the study, it turned out that the most popular surname in Russia is Smirnov. It will be interesting to note that one of the versions of the origin of the surname says that the basis of the surname was the word "Smirnaya", which denoted a character trait ("meek" = "obedient").
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Kuznetsov
18. Silva
More than 10% of all Brazilians carry this surname, which makes it the most common in this country. This surname comes from the Latin word "silva", which means "forest" or "woodland". It is also popular in Portugal and the former Portuguese colonies in Latin America, Africa and Asia (including India and Sri Lanka).
17. Mohamed
This name translates as "Praised", "Praiseworthy" and is the most popular name and surname in the Islamic world. There are several versions of this name, including Mohammed (Magomed), Mohammed and Muhammad.
16. Kumar
The roots of this surname can be found at the beginning of the development of Hinduism. This is not only the most popular name in India, but also a surname and even a middle name. Kumar is also the 8th most popular surname in the world.
15. Gonzales
It is a very popular Spanish name and the second most popular surname. In addition, it is very common in Latin America, including countries such as Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Paraguay and Venezuela.
What are the most common surnames
14. Muller
The German word "muller" (also spelled "mueller" or "miller") translates to "miller". This is the most popular surname in Germany, Switzerland and parts of France. In Austria, she ranks 5th in the list of the most common surnames in the country.
13. Cohen
Originally, the word "cohen" in Hebrew was used to refer to a priest. It is also a very popular Jewish surname and is often heard in countries with large Jewish communities. There are several variants of this surname: Coen, Cohn, Kahn, Kohn and others.
12. Nguyen
Beyond any competition, this surname is the most popular in Vietnam, where about 40% of residents are its carriers. But this surname is also popular outside the country, thanks to the many immigrants from Vietnam.
11. Khan
This surname and title is of Mongolian origin. Initially, Khan was the title of the leader of the tribe, and in the states that appeared after the collapse of the Mongol Empire, this was the title of sovereign. In the Ottoman Empire, the sultan was called khan. Today it is the most popular surname in the countries of Central and South Asia. It is one of the most common surnames in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Oman and Turkey.
10. Rodriguez
A very popular surname in Spain, USA and Latin America. Rodriguez means "descendant of Rodrigo" and is the most common surname in Colombia, second most popular in Argentina and 9th in Brazil, where it is often spelled "Rodrigues".
Top surnames
9. Wang
This is the most popular surname in China. In total, about 100,000 residents of the country are its owners. The second most popular Chinese surname is Lee, and the third is Zhang.
8. Anderson
This surname comes from a word indicating origin and means "descendant of Anders / Andrew". The surname appeared in parallel in the British Isles and in the countries of northern Europe. Anderson is a popular surname in Sweden, Norway and Denmark (where she is spelled "Andersen").
7. Yilmaz
This surname is translated as "brave" or "invincible". She is very popular in Turkey. There were no surnames in Turkey until 1934, and after the adoption of the Law on Surnames, the most popular surnames were Kaya, Demir and Sahin, but the most popular and by a large margin was the surname Yilmaz.
6. Traore
This surname has roots in the Manden languages. Traore is a very popular surname in several West African countries, including Mali, Senegal, and Guinea.
The most common surname in Russia
5. Ivanov
It is worth noting that many attempts have been made to find out which surname is still the most popular in Russia.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the philologist of the University of Oxford, Ottokar Genrikhovich Unbegaun, who was a native of Russia, was one of the first who tried to find out the most popular surname. He began in St. Petersburg, where, in his opinion, the most common surname for 1910 was Ivanov, which comes from one of the most popular Russian names - Ivan.
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Kuznetsov
Vasiliev.
The second attempt took place in modern Russia. Anatoly Fedorovich Zhuravlev, trying to find out which surname is the most popular in his homeland, came to the same result - the surname Ivanov.
-
Mikhailov.
Vasiliev
4. Ahmed
The very popular Arabic name Ahmed also boasts a large number of different spellings - Ahmad, Ahmet, Akhmat. The most popular varieties in the world are Ahmet and Ahmad. A lot of people named Ahmed can be found in Sudan, Egypt, Syria, Bangladesh and other countries.
The most common surnames in the world
3. Lopez
This surname comes from the Latin word "lupus" which means "wolf". Lopez is a popular Spanish name. In Portugal it sounds like Lopes, in Italy - Lupo, in France - Loup, in Romania - Lupu or Lupescu. In Latin America, the name Lopez is also very popular.
2. Kim
Sometimes this surname is spelled as Gim. It is very common on the Korean Peninsula (both South and North Korea). About 22% of the inhabitants of the peninsula bear the surname Kim, which can be translated as "metal", "iron" or "gold".
1. Papadopulos
The meaning of this surname is "the son of a priest". Papadopoulos is the most popular surname in Greece and Cyprus, as well as in countries with a Greek diaspora such as the USA, UK, Australia and the Scandinavian countries.
What is the most common Russian surname
If we take into account all three studies, then we can say that Ivanov and Smirnov are the most common surnames in Russia. However, it should be noted that one of the most popular surnames today is also the surname Kuznetsov (Kuznetsova). And if you take into account that in English blacksmith is smith, then there are several million carriers of this surname on Earth.
Scientists managed to compile a complete list of truly Russian surnames by region of the country: Kuban turned out to be Russian
Unfortunately, the interpretations of the family analysis that appeared in the media this summer (after the first publication of the data in a specialized scientific journal) could create the wrong impression about the goals and results of the enormous work of scientists, the main thing was not that the name Smirnov turned out to be more common among Russian people. than Ivanov, but the fact that for the first time a complete list of truly Russian surnames was compiled for the regions of the country. At the same time, scientists had to spend a lot of time collecting Russian surnames on their own.
The Central Election Commission and local election commissions flatly refused to cooperate with scientists, arguing that only if the voter lists are kept secret, they can guarantee the objectivity and honesty of elections to federal and local authorities. The criterion for inclusion in the list of a surname was very mild: it was included if at least five carriers of this surname lived in the region for three generations.
First, lists were compiled for five conditional regions - North, Central, Central-West, Central-East and South. In total, in all regions there were about 15 thousand Russian surnames, most of which were found only in one of the regions and were absent in others. When regional lists were superimposed on each other, scientists identified only 257 so-called "all-Russian surnames".
Interestingly, at the final stage of the study, they decided to add the surnames of the residents of Krasnodar Territory to the list of the Southern Region, expecting that the predominance of Ukrainian surnames of the descendants of the Zaporozhye Cossacks, evicted here by Catherine II, would significantly reduce the all-Russian list. But this additional restriction reduced the list of all-Russian surnames by only 7 units - to 250. From which the obvious and not for everyone's pleasant conclusion followed that the Kuban was inhabited mainly by Russian people. And where did the Ukrainians go and were there any Ukrainians at all - a big question.
An analysis of Russian surnames generally gives food for thought. Even the simplest action - searching in it for the names of all the leaders of the country - gave an unexpected result. Only one of them entered the list of carriers of 250 top all-Russian surnames - Mikhail Gorbachev (158th place). The surname Brezhnev takes 3767th place in the general list (found only in the Belgorod region of the southern region). The surname Khrushchev is in 4248th place (found only in the Northern region, Arkhangelsk region). Chernenko took 4749th place (only the Southern region). Andropov - 8939th place (only the South region). Putin ranked 14250 (South Region only). And Yeltsin was not included in the general list at all. Stalin's surname - Dzhugashvili - was not considered for obvious reasons. But on the other hand, the pseudonym Lenin was included in the regional lists under the number 1421, losing only to the first president of the USSR, Mikhail Gorbachev.
250 MOST RUSSIAN SURNAMES
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The most common surnames and their history of origin:
Kuznetsov Surname from the naming of his father by occupation. Since the blacksmith was the most necessary and well-known person in the village, the naming on this basis was ubiquitous. Therefore, the surname Kuznetsov is one of the most common in Russia;
In Moscow lived thousands of Kuznetsovs (second in number only to the Ivanovs, of whom there are thousands. In some localities, the Kuznetsov surname ranked first in frequency (for example, in the volosts of Kerensky and Chembarsky districts of the Penza province, out of thousands of Russians covered by the calculations, the Kuznetsovs) Throughout the country as a whole, the spread of the surname Kuznetsov is somewhat limited by the use of the Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian dialect word koval in the same meaning "blacksmith" therefore surnames with this stem were spread from the west and southwest. , meaning "blacksmith" for example, the most common English surname Smith, German Schmidt. (N) Kovalev is one of the most common Russians; surnames, although the word "koval" is not in the Russian literary language. In southern Russia and Ukraine, a blacksmith is called a farrier. " forging, so do not trash your hands "(that is, do not get dirty) advises folk wisdom; do not take on a business that you do not know. (F) Kovalenya. One of the suffixes of the image calling Belarusian surnames - me. Kowalski is a Polish or Ukrainian surname. Kovalikhin and Kuznechikhin, metronymic surnames, are formed from the naming of a woman, the wife of a blacksmith. Kovalkov, Kovankov handled Ukrainian or Belarusian surnames.
2. Smirnov Smirnov is one of the most common Russian surnames. In Moscow alone, there are seventy thousand Smirnovs. Why? In a large peasant family, quiet, unclaimed children were a great relief for their parents. This quality, rare for young children, was imprinted in the worldly name of Smirnaya, it often became the main name of a person for life (the church name was forgotten by those around him) The Smirnovs went from the Smirny. (F) The most common Russian surname in a vast strip covering the entire Northern Volga region, most often in the Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Ivanovo regions and adjacent areas of neighboring regions, to the east this zone extends to the Kirov region. As you move away from this zone, the frequency decreases. In Moscow in the city of the surname Smirnov took the fifth place in a thousand people) By origin, she is a patronymic from the Russian non-church male name Smirna, i.e. "meek, quiet, obedient" Early examples of the patronymic in the Vladimir tithe g. "Ivan smirnovo son of samarin" "stepan of the meek son of the Kuchukov" ) The surnames Smirnin, Smirenkin from the old Slavic names Smiren, Smirenka. Smirensky, Smirnitsky seminary surnames from the same root.
3. Ivanov Patronymic from the common form Ivan from the canonical male personal name John. Ivanov is the most common surname of Russians, since the name for several centuries (from to c. Remained the most frequent among the Russians: among the peasantry it covered from to all men. In Moscow, thousands of Ivanovs (of them Ivan Ivanovich) the surname Ivanov is usually not very frequent, yielding to many others, but it is widespread everywhere and therefore occupies first place in large centers and the whole country. patronymics from which they became surnames. These forms are much more than a hundred, respectively, surnames from the patronymics formed from these forms are numerous. (N) The most common male name in Russia Ivan "Ivanov like filthy mushrooms" people joked) gave rise to dozens of derivative forms. I confidently add the surname Ivin to this list, since most of the Ivins are not from the name of the tree, but from the Iva of the abbreviated form of the name Ivan. Evesha is also one of the forms of this name. Itsko, Ishko are diminutive forms of the name Ivan. Itsko is more characteristic of the Belarusian language and Smolensk dialects, Ishko of the Ukrainian language and southern Russian dialects. Ishunya, Ishuta old diminutive forms of the name Ivan. (F) In v. the surname was used with an accent on a. Nowadays it is more often used with the stress on the last syllable. It is characteristic that some carriers of the surname insist on a form with an accent on a, which seems to them more noble than the usual one with an accent on the last syllable.
4. Popov Not all Popovs and Popkovs are descendants of priests. As a personal name, Pop (Popko) was quite common among worldly people. Religious parents willingly named their children the names of Popili Popko. Example: landowner Popko (near Senka Pop, peasant Popko Efimov, peasant Sometimes the surname Popov was given to a priest, a worker, farm laborer. (F) One of the most frequent surnames in Russia, especially in the north of the country. A thousand people. In Moscow there are a thousand Popovs. Initially, priests meant: patronymic "son of a priest" patronymic "son of Pop" from the nickname Pop; from documents of centuries the peasant Senka Pop, Don Cossack Mikhailo Pop, etc. a worker at the priest is a worker. As an assumption of the spread of this surname in the north of Russia, one can admit the election of the clergy in these regions: until the century there were no priests appointed there, but the inhabitants themselves elected from their midst. (N)
5. Falcons The names of animals and birds are one of the main sources of nicknames and surnames derived from them. "Bird" surnames occupy positions in the first hundred Russian surnames. Sokolov is the most common among "bird" surnames and is in seventh position in the frequency list of all Russian surnames. (U) Sokolov. Patronymic from the Russian non-church male name Sokol. One of the ten most common Russian surnames. According to B. Unbegaun's estimates, in St. Petersburg in the city, she occupied the seventh place in frequency, and of all the surnames formed from non-canonical names, it was second only to the Smirnovs. The unusually high frequency of Russian surnames based on the names of birds was noted by the prominent foreign Slavist V.R. Kiparsky, arguing in his articles that this is dictated by the cult of birds among the Russians. My calculations confirmed that Russian surnames are indeed associated with birds more often than with animals or, for example, fish. But this phenomenon cannot be explained by the cult of birds, since the surnames in most of the later origin of centuries. only a minority is older) and we can talk about the origin not of surnames, but of those names from which they are formed. However, in this case, too, the main reason is not in the cult of the bird, but in the huge economic and household role of birds in the life of Russians: wide industrial hunting, poultry farming in every family, grandiose falconry and much more (for more details see V.A.Nikonov. and society. M. (N) Sokolikha wife of Sokol. Surnames in -sky may be of Ukrainian Polish origin. Possibly from geographical names Sokol, Sokolovo. Similarly Sokolikha Sokolinaya Gora. Similarly Russian Sokoltsov
further in the ranking are:
6. Lebedev
7. Kozlov
8. Novikov
9. Morozov
10. Petrov
11. Volkov
12. Soloviev
13. Vasiliev
14. Zaitsev
15. Pavlov
16. Semyonov
17. Golubev
18. Vinogradov
19. Bogdanov
20. Vorobiev
21. Fedorov
22. Mikhailov
23. Belyaev
24. Tarasov
25. Belov
26. Komarov
27. Orlov
28. Kiselev
29. Makarov
30. Andreev
31. Kovalev
32. Ilyin
33. Gusev
34. Titov
35. Kuzmin
36. Kudryavtsev
37. Baranov
38. Kulikov
39. Alekseev
40. Stepanov
41. Yakovlev
42. Sorokin
43. Sergeev
44. Romanov
45. Zakharov
46. Borisov
47. Korolev
48. Gerasimov
49. Ponomarev
50. Grigoriev
51. Lazarev
52. Medvedev (from Layola: let's remember the President of the Russian Federation)
53. Ershov
54. Nikitin
55. Sobolev
56. Ryabov
57. Polyakov
58. Tsvetkov
59. Danilov
60. Zhukov
61. Frolov
62. Zhuravlev
63. Nikolaev
64. Krylov
65. Maximov
66. Sidorov
67. Osipov
68. Belousov
69. Fedotov
70. Dorofeev
71. Egorov
72. Matveev
73. Bobrov
74.Dmitriev
75. Kalinin
76. Anisimov
77. Petukhov
78. Antonov
79. Timofeev
80. Nikiforov
81. Veselov
82. Filippov
83. Markov
84. Bolshakov
85. Sukhanov
86. Mironov
87. Shiryaev
88. Alexandrov
89. Konovalov
90. Shestakov
91. Cossacks
92. Efimov
93. Denisov
94. Gromov
95. Fomin
96. Davydov
97. Melnikov
98. Shcherbakov
99. Blinov
100. Kolesnikov
189. Zinoviev 190. Grishin 191. Kononov 192. Dementyev 193. Sitnikov 194. Simonov 196. Fadeev 197. Komissarov 198. Mammoth 200. Gulyaev 202. Ustinov 203. Vishnyakov 204. Evseev |
Gerasimov Ponomarev Grigoriev 205. Lavrentiev 206. Bragin 207. Konstantinov 208. Kornilov 209. Avdeev 211. Biryukov 212. Sharapov 213. Nikonov 215. Dyachkov 216. Odintsov 217. Sazonov 218. Yakushev 219. Krasilnikov 220. Gordeev |
221. Samoilov 222. Knyazev 223. Bespalov 224. Uvarov 225. Checkers 226. Bobylev 227. Doronin 228. Belozerov 229. Rozhkov 230. Samsonov 231. Myasnikov 232. Likhachev 234. Sysoev 235. Fomichev 236. Rusakov |
237. Shooters 239. Teterin 240. Kolobov 241. Subbotin 243. Blokhin 244. Seliverstov 245. Pestov 246. Kondratyev 248. Merkushev 249. Lytkin |
Table 3.
The most common surnames of the village of Baturino.
Maslennikov (17)
Gulyaev (16)
Butorov (16)
Sukhanov (15)
Lukinykh (125)
Golubev (67)
Bulygin (36)
Gorshkov (33)
Medvedev (25)
Lashkov (23)
Table 4.
The names of the clergymen of the Baturyn Spaso-Preobrazhensky Church.
V. T. Kapustin (1765 - 1793)
L.V. Kapustin (1793 - 1816)
Popov A.S. (1817 - 1818)
I. L. Kapustin (1818 - 1857)
Kapustin N.I. (1857 - 1865)
A.I. Kapustin (1865 - 1868)
Troitsky S.G. (1868 - 1871)
Shchapkov N.I. (1871 - 1883)
D.I. Nosilov (1883 - 1905)
Baturin V.D. (1905 - 1906)
Ponomarev V.S. (1906 - 1918)
S.I. Palmov (1918 - 1929)
Lunev (mentioned in 1931)
Golubev I.A. (mentioned in 1934)
Norov I.B. (1999 g.
Appendix 2.
Toponymic dictionary (interpretation of the meanings of the names of local residents).
Abramov-Abram - folk form of the baptismal name Abraham - the father of nations (Hebrew). Related surnames: Abramkin, Abramochkin, Abrashin, Avraamov, Abramov, Avrasin, Avrashin, Avrashkov - they all came from different diminutive forms of this name.
Avdyushev - The surname could be formed from various names, or their derivative forms. And from the derived forms of names: male - Avdey (Obadiy) - a priest (other Hebrew) and from the rarer Avdon ("servant, slave"), and from the female - Evdokia ("favor" ") through the colloquial form of Avdotya. Or abbreviated forms of the baptismal name Evdokim - glorious (Greek). - Avdonia, Avdosha, Evdonya, etc. There is a whole galaxy of similar surnames for Avd-, Evd-, descended from various folk forms. See also Evdokimov, Avdeev, Avdot'ev Aldonin.
Ageev - From the baptismal name Aggei - festive, having fun (ancient Hebrew) - there are several more surnames: Ageikin, Agishev, Agishin, Agishchev, Agushev. However, it is possible that Agishchev and Agushev may be associated with diminutive versions of the baptismal name Agapius - beloved (Greek).
Aksakov - Aksak in Tatar means "lame".
Akulov - Oddly enough, Akulov has nothing to do with the terrible fish-beast. He is the namesake of Orlov. After all, the form of Akula was acquired in Russia by the Greek baptismal name Akila - an eagle. Akilina in colloquial speech turned into Akulipa. Both of these names gave birth to such surnames: Akulin, Akulinin, Akulinichev, Akulyshin, Okulov. However, the last surname could arise from the worldly name Okul or from a nickname that meant a rogue, a braggart, a deceiver.
Alexandrov - From the baptismal name, Alexander is the defender of people (Greek). This name, like a mighty trunk of a tree, lifted up into the air many branches and leaves - surnames formed from its diminutive forms: Aleksandrikin, Aleksandrovskiy, Aleksankin, Aleksanov, Aleksakhin, Aleksashin, Aleksin, Aleksov, Alenev and Olenev, Alenikov and Olenikov, Alenin and Olenin, Alenichev and Olenichev, Aleinikov and Oleinikov, Alent'ev, Aleinikov and Oleinikov, Alenshev, Alekov and Olekov; Aleshintsev, Aleshkov, Alegiechkin, Aleshin and Oleshin, Aleshihin, Aleshkin and Oleshkin, Oleshunin; Alekhanov, Alekhov, Olekhov, Alesin, Alekhin; Alyutin, Alyukhin, Alyushin, Olyunin; Leksin, Lelikov, Lel'kin, Lelyakin, Lelyakov, Lelyanov, Lelyashin, Lelyukhin, Lenin, Lenkin, Lenkov, Lennikov, Lenov, Lenov, Lenshin, Lekshin; Lyakin, Lyakishev, Lyalikov, Lyalin, Lyalkin, Lyalakin, Lyashev, Lyagiutin; Sanin, Sanichkin, Sankin, Sankov, Sanov, Sankin, Sankov, Sanyutin, Sakhnin, Sakhnov, Sashenkov, Sashin, Sashkin, Sashkov. The diminutive form of Shura became the basis of the only surname Shurin. It must be remembered that the surnames Alenin and Olenin can be formed on behalf of Alena (baptismal Elena), and the surname Oleinikov could be born from the name of the profession (reindeer - reindeer breeder).
Alferov- From the baptismal name Elefery - free (Greek). except<законной>the names of the Eleferyevs are in the same kindred row: Alfeyev, Alferiev, Luferov, Olferyev.
Andreev- One of the most common Russian surnames comes from the baptismal name Andrei - courageous (Greek). From various forms of the same name, Andrusov, Andryunin, Andryuishn and seminar Andreevsky were formed
Andropov- From the baptismal name Eutropius - well-behaved (Greek). Its colloquial forms: Antrop, Antrokha, Antrusha, Atroshko - gave birth to the surnames Andropov and Antropov, Antrokhin, Antrushin, Atroshkov, although their origin from the rare name Atropov is just as likely.
Anisimov - Anisim, Anis - a variety of the baptismal name Onisim widespread in Russia - bringing to the end (Greek). Therefore, Onisimov gets along well with Anisimov in everyday life.
Anikin - This surname is from the derived forms of the names Ioannikiy and Anikita (the first is associated with the Greek word "nike" - victory, the second with the Greek "aniketos" - invincible). The expression "anika-smotrok" means "short-sighted person", "anika-warrior" is a bully and a braggart who suffers defeat. The latter came into use thanks to the popularly translated story of the 16th century "The debate of the belly with death" (that is, "The dispute between Life and Death"), where the ill-fated Anika appears. Anikeev can be a form of the surname Enikeev The surname Anichev could be formed from the female name Anna - Anya, in the Ukrainian language there are surnames from female names formed with the help of male suffixes.
Afanasyev - From the baptismal name Afanasy - immortal (Greek) His vernacular forms gave birth to the names: Afanasov, Afonin, Afonichev, Afonchikov, Afonchin, Afonyushin, Afonyushkin.
Babinov - Babenyshev. Mama's son, sissy.
Bazhutin - Bazhan and Bazhen are extremely common in the old days Russian non-church names. The common meaning of both: welcome, warm-hearted, sweet. The surname Bazhanov is associated with the circumstances of the child's birth: bazhen is a desired child. The worldly names Bazhen and Bazhan were common throughout Russia. The surnames Bazhenov and Bazhutin have the same meaning. Dal also has a bazhenny darling, a pampered pet, a bazhutka - a welcome, sweetheart. Bazhanov. Noblemen from the 17th century. From the Turkic-Tatar bazh "brother-in-law, husband of wife's sister." Subsequently, architects, scientists. Surnames Bazhin, Bazhukov from the requests of visitors. Probably have the same basis.
Balandin - Balanda is a kind of food, or chatterbox, chatterbox.
Balashov-Balash - personal name from Turkic., Balash, child, son.
Baleyevskikh - Baley, baliy - healer, sorcerer, wizard, as well as a doctor from our ancestors.
Bannikov - Not only a bath attendant and a person who loves to wash in a bath, but also a brownie who lives in a bath.
Basov - A student at a theological seminary. Another meaning is bass - beauty, beauty.
Baturin - Comes from the nickname Batur (stubborn, disobedient), which is formed on the basis of the Ryazan dialect word "baturit" - to be stubborn. According to another version, the surname is associated with the name of Murza Batura, a native of the Big Horde, who served with the Ryazan princes.
Bakharev - Bakhar, Bahir - talker, storyteller.
Belkov - From the nickname blond, white-faced, as well as a neat person.
Berdnikov - Berdnik is a hip master, i.e. combs of weaving looms.
Biryukov is a lone wolf.
Bogachev - the surname comes from the word "rich", as in the old days wealthy people were called.
Boyko - Boyko (boyko) - Transcarpathian Ukrainians - mountaineers.
Borovikov - Borovich is a man living in the forest, engaged in forestry.
Bragin - A person engaged in the manufacture and sale of mash.
Brattsev - Patronymic from the nickname Brother, which arose from the dialectal common noun brother, which in various dialects means "cousin", "half brother", "friend, comrade", "brother". Members of some religious sects of "brotherhoods" were called brothers. In addition to brother, there were other words with the same meanings - brother, brother, brother, brother, which gave the appropriate surnames.
Bryukhov - Bryukhan is a man with a fat belly.
Bulygin - From the nickname "bulyga" (blockhead, rough), cobblestone. In pre-Petrine Russia, it was often used as a personal name of a person.
Bulychev - Bulych - roguish. The word also served as a personal worldly name. Among the "best servants" endowed with land by Ivan the Terrible in 1550, we find Bulych Khirin. (F). At the heart of the Russian word bulych has several meanings in different dialects "roguish, merchant man" (tul.), "Shameless, shameless man, insolent rogue" (Vladimir, Vyatka) and "stupid" (Vladimir). The word itself is borrowed from Türkic, meaning "weak, unable to have children. The surname comes from the nickname Bulych with one of the above meanings."
Burkov-Burko is a brown horse (a person could be nicknamed by hair color).
Burlakov - Burlak is a peasant who goes to a foreign land to earn money, especially on river ships. This craft made people rude, headstrong, wild. "At home the barge haulers are rams, and in the forest there are brawlers." A related surname is Burlatsky. Burlo is a screamer, a noisy person.
Butorov-Buttora is the one who speaks quickly, loudly, stupidly.
Bychkov - Bykov is one of the most common surnames formed from nicknames from the name of the animal. It is included in the 100 most common, at 82nd place. There are a number of "bullish" surnames with slightly different meanings. Bychatin is a butcher, Bychatnikov is a cattle driver, Bychenev, Bychkov, Bychnikov .. Bykovsky, Bychkovsky, Bychenko are Ukrainian surnames with the same meaning. The related surname Porozov from the obsolete poros is bull.
Vazhenin - 1. Vagan is a resident of the Vagi River, a tributary of the Northern Dvina. In the North, in a broad sense, it was called a simple, uneducated peasant. Also about the surname Vazhenin - from the Vagi river. In the customs books of 1675-1676 according to Ustyug and Totma, merchants from Vaga were repeatedly called: "Vazhenin Grigory Ignatov", "Vazhenin Leontiev Peter". The word vagan appeared later. 2. Vaga is a derivative form of the ancient rare name Evagrius (translated from Greek: happy on the hunt). There are other meanings of the word "vaga" - weight, weight (hence "important", that is, weighty), weight, scales, lever. 3. Vazhenin possibly from the nickname Vazhenya - "spoiled" (Old Russian vogue "to pamper, indulge"). Possible motivation for the nickname Vagan is a word used in dialects: in Yaroslavl, Severo-Dvinsky - "man, vakhlak" " dialects also call the inhabitants of Povazhye (along the river Vaga)
Vasilenko - Patronymic of the canonical male personal name Vasily (from the Greek basileus - "ruler, king") and its derivatives. The surname is found everywhere, since the name from the 15th to the 19th centuries. ranked second in frequency among the Russians, second only to Ivan. But the frequency of the surname only in the largest cities was significant (for example, in St. Petersburg in 1910, according to B. Unbegaun's calculations, it took second place). In none of the territories included in Nikonov's calculations was the surname one of the ten most frequent, since the name was used in many derivative forms from which different surnames were formed, for example: Bazilevich, Bazylev, Bazylin, Vasin, Vaseikin, Vasenkin, Vasechkin, Vasilevich, Vasilevsky, Vasilenkov, Vasilichev, Vasiliev, Vasilievs, Vasilkov, Vasiltsev, Vasin, Vasinsky, Vasintsev, Vasichev, Vasishchev, Vasnev, Vasnetsov, Vaskin, Vaskov, Vasyukin, Vasyukov, Vasyukov, Vasyunin, Vasyunichev, Vasyutin, Vasyutkin, Vasyunichev Vasyukhin, Vasyuchkov, Vasyushin, Vasyushkin, Vasyagin, Vasyev, Vasyakin, Vasyatkin, Vasyashin, Vakhnev (Russian north-west, Ukrainian, Belarusian - Vakhno, Ukrainian - Vasilenko, Vasilyuk, Vasyuchenko, Belarusian - Vasilenok, Bulgarian - Vasilev, Moldovan and Romanians - Vasiliu, Vasilescu, cargo - Vasilidze). In some cases, it is difficult to decide what name the surname Vashin, Vashutin, Vashurin, Vashurkin and others owe - from Vasily or from Ivan? Vasenya is a diminutive form of the name Vasily. Your colloquial form of the names Ivan or Vasily. Vashinets belonging to the Vash family, your descendants. And already the children of Vashints began to write the Vashintsevs and: e after w instead of and - a later mistake caused by the fact that the history of the formation of the surname was forgotten. (Wed Vasnetsov.) Vasilets. The suffix -ets is used in the formation of surnames in Ukrainian and less often in Belarusian. Names on Vakh- and Vash- can be formed about the name Bartholomew. Vakhnev.
Vasiliev - Patronymic of the canonical masculine personal name Vasily (from the Greek basileus - "ruler, king") and its derivatives. The surname is found everywhere, since the name from the 15th to the 19th centuries. ranked second in frequency among the Russians, second only to Ivan. But the frequency of the surname only in the largest cities was significant (for example, in St. Petersburg in 1910, according to B. Unbegaun's calculations, it took second place). In none of the territories included in Nikonov's calculations was the surname one of the ten most frequent, since the name was used in many derivative forms from which different surnames were formed, for example: Bazilevich, Bazylev, Bazylin, Vasin, Vaseikin, Vasenkin, Vasechkin, Vasilevich, Vasilevsky, Vasilenkov, Vasilichev, Vasiliev, Vasilievs, Vasilkov, Vasiltsev, Vasin, Vasinsky, Vasintsev, Vasichev, Vasishchev, Vasnev, Vasnetsov, Vaskin, Vaskov, Vasyukin, Vasyukov, Vasyukov, Vasyunin, Vasyunichev, Vasyutin, Vasyutkin, Vasyunichev Vasyukhin, Vasyuchkov, Vasyushin, Vasyushkin, Vasyagin, Vasyev, Vasyakin, Vasyatkin, Vasyashin, Vakhnev (Russian north-west, Ukrainian, Belarusian - Vakhno, Ukrainian - Vasilenko, Vasilyuk, Vasyuchenko, Belarusian - Vasilenok, Bulgarian - Vasilev, Moldovan and Romanians - Vasiliu, Vasilescu, cargo - Vasilidze). In some cases, it is difficult to decide what name the surname Vashin, Vashutin, Vashurin, Vashurkin and others owe - from Vasily or from Ivan? Vasenya is a diminutive form of the name Vasily. Your colloquial form of the names Ivan or Vasily. Vashinets belonging to the Vash family, your descendants. And already the children of Vashints began to write the Vashintsevs and: e after w instead of and - a later mistake caused by the fact that the history of the formation of the surname was forgotten. (Wed Vasnetsov.) Vasilets. The suffix -ets is used in the formation of surnames in Ukrainian and less often in Belarusian. Names on Vakh- and Vash- can be formed about the name Bartholomew.
Vdovin - This surname is associated with the word widow, widower. Vdovin is the son of a widow. Vdovtsov, Vdovichev is the son of a widower. Vdovenko, Udovenko, Udovichenko - the Ukrainian version of the surname with one of the meanings.
Vepr - The surnames Veprev, Veprikov, Veprushkin are formed from the word boar - boar, or rather from the name or nickname Vepr. Such "animal" names were common in the old days. Veprintsev. It is formed from the word Veprinets, probably the naming of a person at the place of residence, for example, the village of Veprino, Veprevo (in the Vologda region) or from the Veprin family, like Vasin - Vasinets - Vasnetsov. The nickname could be given by the neighbors to a hunter or a person with a fierce, furious disposition.
Verkhoturtsev - Perhaps the nickname Verkhotur, Verkhoturets - who came from Verkhoturye (a city in the Urals, on the Tura river).
Species - SPECIES. The meaning of this name is debatable. Some researchers believe that it originated from the nickname View, given to a respectable, handsome, prominent person. Others claim that the basis of the surname is the first name. View, folk diminutive form of the baptismal name David- favourite (other Heb.).
Vinogradov - The vine has always played a huge role in Christian symbolism. The grape is often mentioned in religious books; grape bunches, carved from wood, have long served as an adornment of Orthodox churches. The surname Vinogradov, as a wish for prosperity and prosperity, was often assigned to pupils of theological educational institutions. Meanwhile, many of them did not manage to taste the grapes. In the central regions of Russia, it appeared on wide sale only, with the development of railways, by the end of the 19th century. With the development of viticulture in Russia, the worldly surname Vinogradov also appeared.
Vladimirov - This surname originated from the baptismal name Vladimir (from other Slavic - "owning glory"). Volodya, Volosha, Voloshka is a diminutive form named after Volodimer, Vladimir. Voloshin, in addition, like volokh, is the old name of the Romanians and Moldovans. The suffix -in, denoting belonging to a particular nationality (compare Tatar, Bulgarian), began to be perceived as a family suffix. Volodich is a Belarusian, Volodko is a Ukrainian surname with the same meaning. Vladimirtsev, Vladimirsky - indicates the place of residence or service of the father - the city of Vladimir. Or a village with a similar name. But surnames in sky in most cases belonged to the nobles. perhaps a seminary origin, they gave the surnames n-sky from the names of the saints. Voloshinowski (from visitors' requests) - Polish surname, probably from this name or voloshen, volokh.
Volgin, Volozhanin - The surname Volgin is derived from the name of the Volga River, or rather from a nickname or non-baptismal name. The surname Volzhsky also has the basis of the Volga, the name of the river, but in Unbegaun's book it is given in the group of artificial surnames formed after 1917. The surnames Volzhanin, Volzhankin indicate an inhabitant of the Volga banks. There is only one peculiarity. Volzhanin is not from Volzhan, and in the old days Volzhan is a resident of the Volga. When forming a surname, it would be more logical to Volzhaninov, but with the strengthening of the suffix - in as one of the main forming Russian surnames, the nickname Volzhanin never changed into a surname. It's just that the -in suffix was adopted as a family one (compare Kostroma - Kostromin). But Volzhankin is a metronymic (female) surname, from the mother's nickname - Volzhanka.
Volkov - The name Wolf really existed in the pre-Christian era. In ancient times, it was believed that, having received a name consonant with the name of some animal or element, a person became related to him. Subsequently, a surname with the suffix –ov was formed on behalf of Volk. Worldly name Wolf was extremely popular in Russia, for it symbolized daring strength, courage, cunning. By the way, the names Wolf among the Germans, Vuk among the Balkans, Gyurd among the Turks were just as used, and all these are the namesakes of the Wolf.
Voronin - From a worldly name Crow, very popular in the old days. Calling the child that way, they wanted to convey to him the prophetic power and longevity of this bird: the raven, according to legend, lives for three hundred years.
Vyatkin - The surname is associated with the name of the Vyatka river and belongs to the descendants of settlers from this river, from the Vyatka region. But in the "Onomasticon" of Veselovsky Vyatka, Vyatkins: Kuzma Yakovlevich Vyatka Sakharusov, Metropolitan butler, 1491-1504; from him - the Vyatkins. Vyatka-1) mob, crowd (smolen.), 2) wedge of earth (Ryazan.) (Dal)
Gavrilyuk - On behalf of Gabriel (from ancient Hebrew "divine warrior"). Gavrik, Gavsha, Ganya, Gansha, Ganka are diminutive forms of this name. Ganichev (Belozero., Vozhegod., Kaduys., Ustyuzhen. Districts). Patronymic "second degree" from the patronymic Ganich and from the diminutive form Ganya of the canonical male names Agathon, Gabriel, etc. The surname is frequent in Belozerye, like other surnames in -ichev. The name Gabriel (in the common folk form of Gabriel) was very popular in Russia. From him came many diminutive forms - Gavrya, Gavrik, Gavryusha, Gavrilka, Gavsha, Ganya, etc. They gave rise to a wide variety of surnames. But other explanations are also possible. Gavrikov from Gavrik - on the Don and a cunning, and a little boy, and in the Oryol region - a simpleton, a simpleton, a gaping. In the case of the chicken, gabble - do it somehow, and in the northern dialects gab - dirty. In the south of Russia gan is to shame, to shame. Gavrilikhin. Gavrilikha is Garila's wife. The village of Gavshino near Moscow; in the XV-XVI centuries. very common in the Novgorod region and in general in Western Russia Gavsha - Gabriel. Names in Gan can be derived from other names. In the dictionary of Petrovsky Gan is a derivative form of such names as Agap, Agafya, etc.
Gaev - 1. Guy, a grove in Ukrainian. 2. Guy is a Russian name (born by the earth).
Gilev - Gil in some dialects is a bullfinch bird. In ancient times, Gtlyu was called distemper, rebellion. However, there are other explanations as well. For example, in the Kostroma region there is a crowd of gil, as well as nonsense, nonsense. In the north of Russia, gil is a joker, a joker, while in the south, gil is to serve, to serve according to the conditions of the game, for example, with a ball or a svayka.
Glazunov - Glazun - big-eyed, with bulging eyes, as well as one who loves to stare: rotoze, onlooker. Variants of nicknames could be: Eyed, Eyed, Eyed, etc. - hence the other names for Glaz- (E). In Dahl's dictionary, you can find other meanings of words with the root of the eyes, which could become nicknames and give the basis of the surname: an eye - a leaf bud, a pebble, a pearl (about a ring), a network cell. Surnames and nicknames are repeatedly mentioned in Veselovsky's "Onomasticon": Glaz, Glazovs, Moscow Glazun is a rogue, a bum; fried eggs - scrambled eggs.
Glazov is the same as Glazunov.
Rotten Ears - Many nicknames were given to a person by his appearance, by physical disabilities.
Goncharov - The surname comes from the name of the father's profession - potter - "master making pottery". Goncharuk, Goncharenko are Ukrainian, and the surnames in -enko are typical for the eastern regions and are found in the south of Russia, - uk - for the western regions. Surnames without special suffixes -Gonchar- are more common in Ukraine, but there are also in Russia. Goncharik is Belarusian.
Grigoriev - From the derived forms of the name Gregory (from the Greek - "awake"). Grinkov - Patronymic of the diminutive form Grinko from the canonical masculine personal name Grigory (through the intermediate form of Grin). The Gritskikh surname is an interesting evidence of the resettlement processes in Russia. The derivative form Gritsko is typical for Ukrainians, and surnames with an ending - they are considered northern, were brought to Siberia and became typical Siberian surnames. Perhaps the ancestor of the owner of such a surname was a migrant from Ukraine to Siberia.
Gryazev - The surname is derived from a nickname or a non-church name Gryaz, Gryazny.
Golovin - Golovan, the bighead is a big-headed man. Nickname Golovan - "big-headed", recorded in the Vologda dialects. Obviously, the main advantage of the founders of these surnames was their head - either its size, or unsurpassed sharpness of mind. In addition, in the old days, the head was called the head. There were rifle heads, carts, customs, written, etc. Variants of surnames: Golovarev, most likely, is based on the word “ringleader” in the full Old Church Slavonic version - “ringleader”. Golovnev, possibly from the word smut - smoldering coal. Golovshchikov, from the headmaster - the choirmaster - the head - in the monastery. In Dahl's vocabulary, the breeder is also a trader in a knocked down, selling food; head, criminal, criminal. There you can also find quite a few words with the root head, which could become the basis of nicknames and surnames. For example, the surnames Golovyashkin, golovyashka - part of the bast shoes where the fingers are.
Golubev - Dove, pigeon, dove - the naming of the same bird, and the surname is formed from a nickname or a worldly name. The surname Golubev can also be associated with color. Dal's Dovecote lover is a lover of keeping pigeons and at the same time a dovecote hawk. Golubinsky, Golubovsky, Golubitsky may have a geographical basis.
Golubchikov- Golubtsov - stuffed cabbage, a forgotten affectionate word, from the modern darling.
Gorbunov - The surname comes from the nickname hunchback, hunchback. The hunchback is a pet from the hunchback. The surname is understandable - they are based on the word hump. This handicap gave rise to other surnames with the same stem. The surname Gorbenko, Gorban, Gorbatko, Gorbach, Gorbachenko of Ukrainian origin with the same meaning. Gorbanevsky and Gorbachevsky can be derived from place names, and probably of Ukrainian or Polish origin. Each surname is individual and the final answer can only be given by the study of its roots.
Gorshkov - The nickname Pot could be given for various reasons. In the story "Alyosha Pot" L. N. Tolstoy cites one of them: "Alyosha was the younger brother. They called him Pot because his mother sent him to take down a pot of milk to the deaconess, he stumbled and broke it. Mother beat him, and the guys began to tease him with "Pot". Alyoshka Pot - that's how his nickname went. " Gorshkalev is a Belarusian surname.
Grankin-Gran is an old name. From the Latin word "granum" - grain. Grana is a diminutive form of the names Gran and Evgraf (from the Greek "written handsome"). We also encounter a curious phenomenon in Russian phonetics: the appearance of an additional sound at the beginning of a word (with a prosthesis, that is, an extension). But for the convenience of pronouncing the surname Granov, a: Agran was sometimes added. This is where the Agranovs came from. (F).
Gryazev - The surname is derived from a nickname or a non-church name Dirt, Dirty
Gulyaev - Gulyai is an old Russian name. The common meaning of the word "walk": boisterous, riotous. In the same row Pogulyaev, Podgulyaev, Razgulyev, Zagulyaev. Take a walk, take a walk, take a walk - a very eloquent nickname - a boisterous, riotous, cheerful person.
Gusev - A surname formed from a non-church name or nickname Gus, Gusak. "Bird" names were not uncommon in Russian villages. Dahl has a goose dealer or a goose shepherd.
Davydov - From the Orthodox baptismal name David - Davyd and comes from the male name from ancient Hebrews. "beloved" and its derivatives.
Denisov - From the Greek name Denis (Dionysius - "the god of the vital forces of nature, the god of winemaking"). Denisy, old. Dionysius. All surnames are from the baptismal name Denis and its derivatives. The main surname Denisov takes 97th place in the list of the most common Russian surnames. Dionisov, a seminarian could have received such a surname. In seminaries, there was a tradition of giving students surnames after the names of mythological characters. Denisenko, Denisyuk of the suffixes in Ukrainian onomastics, two are especially common: -enko in the east of Ukraine and -uk, -uk in the west. Denisyonko and Denisyuk originally meant "little Denis", and then "Denis's son", and, finally, they turned into hereditary surnames. ) and can be formed from the full or diminutive form of the baptismal name. Surnames in -ich, however, more likely refer to the Belarusian than to the Ukrainian area. ... Dzeniskevich. The surname with c or dz should be read Belarusian if it comes from an Orthodox baptismal name, which is hardly used in the Polish environment associated with the Catholic tradition, for example: Dzeniskiewicz Dzyanis (Ukrainian Denis, Polish Dyonizy).
Deryabin - Deryaba in the Vladimir province was called a crybaby, a roar, in Ryazan - a fighter, a bully. In the Middle Urals, a restless child is still called a madman. The surname is originally a patronymic from the church male name (or nickname) Deryaba, which is based on the common noun misery, common with different meanings over a vast territory: "crybaby", "fighter", "bully", "arrogant", "arrogant", " fake singing "," drinking vodka "(compare to fool -" drink vodka "(Sl. Russian. Gov.). With such a variegation of meanings, it is impossible to establish which of them served in this or that case as the source of the surname. Deryaba (or Deryaga) in addition, it can have another meaning, a missel bird or a field thrush. - 1) a field thrush, 2) a screamer, a roar, 3) a brawler
Dmitriev - Surname Dmitriev formed from the full form of the male name Dmitry (church. Dimitri, Greek. demetrios - subject to Demeter, the goddess of fertility and agriculture), by adding the patronymic suffix -ev. But, perhaps, the surname Dmitriev was formed from the surname Dimitriev, tk. in Russian speech, an unstressed vowel can drop out in the middle of a word. Such surnames, dating back to the full forms of male names, are most common among Russian surnames. All these surnames could be formed from various derivative forms on behalf of Dmitry - Dima, Dmitro, Mitya, Mityai, Mityunya, etc. A small number of Russian surnames of Bulgarian origin are the names of Bulgarian emigrants who came to Russia mainly in the 19th century (for example, Dmitrov) ... Some colonies of Bulgarian peasants in Bessarabia and Ukraine, apparently, did not have much influence on Russian onomastics. Most of them are now completely assimilated and are no longer considered surnames of Bulgarian origin. In the surname Dimitrov, this origin is indicated by the suffix -ov and the final stress (in Russian there will be Dimitriev). Dmitrienko, Dmyterko, Dmytro, Dmytruk - as a rule, Ukrainian surnames. Some of the surnames could come from the forms of other church names, for example, Dimy (Dim, the Greek name Demios from demios - national, chosen by the people), Mitrofan (Mitya, Greek mithir, meter + fayno - mother + show, present), Vladimir ( truncated Dima, from Old German Valdemar from Valdan + Mar - to own + glory; Old Russian. Rethought from the foundations of the words to own + the world). Dima- toponym (geographical name), Greek city. Dimitrovo, Dmitriev, Dmitrievka, Dmitrov, Dmitrovka, Dmitrovsk- toponyms (geographical names). Michura- art-slav. name; in some dialects, a gloomy, laconic, obese person. Mitusit- to look with one eye, squint at one eye; fuss.
Dmitrievskikh - see - Dmitriev.
Dolgans - Tall people were called Dolgans and Dolgus in Russia.
Dunaev - Everyone will remember the Danube River, but the matter is not so simple. The Danube flowed far from the ancient Russian inhabited territories. The word "Danube" has long been held in high esteem among the Eastern Slavs both as a personal name and as an element of song refrains. The riddle is still unsolved, it is believed that the Eastern Slavs-pagans called any fast and full-flowing river Danube, and the name Danube was given to children in honor of such a river, or rather, in honor of the spirit of such a river. In Russian epics, there are heroes named Danube and Stream. But Dunaevsky, Dunaisky, Dunaevtsev most likely precisely from the name of the river, and indicate the homeland or place of service of the ancestor of the surname.
Dyakov - Deacon - assistant priest (minister of the Orthodox Church).
Evdokimov - On behalf of Evdokim (from Greek - "glorious, surrounded by honor"). Evdosha, Evdak is a derivative form of this name. There is a whole galaxy of similar surnames, derived from various folk and diminutive forms of the baptismal name Evdokim - glorious (Greek): Avdonia, Avdosha, Evdonia, etc. - Avdonin, Avdonkin, Aldakov, Aldonin, Aldoshin, Evdakov, Evdonin, Evdoshin, Eldonin. By ear it seems that the surname Evdokimov (Ovdokimov) is very far from them, but in fact - here it is capitalized.
Evseev - Yevsey, Ovsey, Avsey - derived forms of the name Eusebius, which translated from Greek means "pious". Patronymic from the everyday form Yevsey from the canonical male name Eusebius (ancient Greek eusebes - "pious"). From the same name - other derived forms, of different degrees, also formed patronymics, which became surnames: Avseev, Avseenko, Avseikin, Avsyukov, Evseichev, Evseikin, Evsyutin, Evsyutkin, Evsyukhin, Evsyushin, Evsyushkin, Ovseev, etc. Evseichev. Patronymic of the 2nd degree "son of Yevseich", i.e. in turn, from the patronymic "son of Yevsey", thus, Evseichev - "grandson of Yevsey".
Egorov -In Russian, the anonical name Georgy (Georgy - from the Greek. "Farmer) was fixed in three forms of the church - Georgy, Scandinavian, who came with the Varangians, - Yuri, and the Russian colloquial - Egor (Egoriy). Egoshin - Patronymic from the form Egosh , which could arise from the vernacular form Yegor (the canonical masculine personal name Georgiy) or from the dialectal verb it can be found in the Ural dialects "fidget, sit restlessly". Yegorikhin from Yegorikh is Yegor's wife.
Elantsev - Elan - a large meadow open place.
Elizarov - Patronymic on behalf of Elizar, Russian version of the baptismal name Eleazar (from Old Hebrew - "God has mercy").
Epanchintsev- Wide, sleeveless cloak; Epanchinnik is a tailor who sews boots.
Eremin - The surname is formed from the folk form of Yeryom or the calendar name Yermiy, Yermey.
Ermakov - On behalf of Ermalay, Yermey.
Ershov - Patronymic from the non-church name Ersh. "Fish" nicknames were widespread in the old days and became names in parallel with the church ones. Ershiha is the wife of the one whose name is Ruff.
Zhidelev - This surname was given in a Tatar family, reflecting the number of children. Russian version - Semerikov.
Zhikharev - Zhikhar: 1) well-to-do old-timer; 2) daredevil, daredevil, dancer. It is not for nothing that the proverb says: "The fat is such that it will dance everyone." The Zhikharevs are a noble family. Their ancestor, Inozem Zhikharev, was a clerk in Pskov in 1577. Stepan Danilovich Zhikharev was the ruler of the Vyatka Viceroyalty in 1780. Sergei Stepanovich Zhikharev, who lived in the 19th century, was a senator.
Zhukov - Surnames derived from the names of insects are quite common. Insects have always been in the field of human vision, and the variety of their species and characteristics has caused the choice of some for nicknames. Two surnames from the names of insects are among the hundred most common Russian surnames: these are Zhukov (61st place) and Komarov (80th). Related surnames: Zhukovsky, Zhuchkov and Komarovsky are more rare.
Zavyalov - 1. Wilted, wilted - lethargic, sleepy, so slow that in winter it can wilt with snow (wilt) on the move. They made fun of the late winter guests: "We thought, they got sick, but with a cart to the yard." 2. Wicked - a common non-church name in the old days. The dictionaries have two meanings of the words wilted: "blizzard, blizzard" (Kaluga, Onega) and "sluggish, slow" (Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod). The first could give a child born during a blizzard, the second could also become a nickname. The suffix -ov indicates the existence of a nickname in the form of Zavyal or Zavyalo. The surname is found in Vladimirsky poochie, the Middle Volga region, Transbaikalia and with a record high frequency in the Tobol region.
Zamyatin- Hush up- blizzard, blizzard, but also noise, scream, indignation. In ancient times, there was a "protective" name Jams: screamer, screamer. Already from the XV century. it can be traced as a surname, taking on the form Zamyatnin. A little later, it became an independent surname and Zamyatin.
Zakharov - The surname is formed from the baptismal name Zakhari (I) (from Old Hebrew - "joy; the memory of God"), in common parlance Zakhar. The name was used both by Ukrainians (surnames Zakharchuk, Zakharchuk, Zakharenko) and Belarusians (surnames Zakharchenok, Zakharchenya).
Zuev - Zui, plover is the regional name of some wading birds from the genus of waders. Figuratively: the nickname of a living, mobile person. There is a saying: "Twirl like a zuy." The surname is widespread. Zui is an old male name. Found in documents from the 15th - 17th centuries. Veselovsky's Onomasticon notes: "Zui, Zuiko, Zuev is found everywhere." There is also another meaning: a cook boy in an artel.
Zyryanov - At the heart of the surname is the ethnonym Zyryane, which in the past was mistakenly called the Komi people. The nickname Zyryan, Zyryan, Zyryan could get just not a representative of this people, but 1. or a person similar in features to the Zyryan, 2. or who lived for a long time among the Zyryans and then settled in a Russian village.
Ivanov - The most common surname in Russia comes from the baptismal name John - the mercy of God (ancient Hebrew) - in its secular form Ivan. Over the centuries, several dozen surnames have arisen from the colloquial forms of this name. Ivakin, Ivanaev, Ivanishin, Ivanishchev, Ivankin, Ivanusyev, Ivanushkin, Ivaniev, Ivankov, Ivanshin, Ivakhnov, Ivachev, Ivashishin, Ivashkin, Ivashkov, Ivashnev, Ivashnikov, Ivashov and many others, there and then Ioannov.
Ivkov - Iva, Ivka - can be a derivative form on behalf of Ivan, or an independent name or nickname. In Veselovsky's Onomasticon: Iva Ivan Borisovich Galitsky, second half of the 15th century; from him - Ivina.
Ivlev - Ivliy - a variant of the old Russian name Ioliy (Joel), in Hebrew - Lord God. In Ertel's novel The Gardenins, a headman named Ivliy is bred. The diminutive form of Ivlya gave rise to the name Ivlichev. Surnames that include two patronymics: Ievl, Iovl, Ivl, i.e. svn Job (Ieva).
Izotov - the surname comes from the Russian name Izot.
Inyutin - on behalf of Innokenty.
Isakov - the surname is found among both Jews and Slavs, it was formed on behalf of Isaac.
Istomin - Patronymic from the non-church male personal name Istom, common among Russians until the 17th century. More than a hundred examples contains Sl. Tupikov, mainly from the northern half of European Russia; some researchers suggest the southern origin of this surname. The basis of the name is Istoma; perhaps the name is associated with difficult childbirth (like Tomilo).
Kazakov - A lively, daring man, as well as a farm laborer who was hired for a year.
Kazantsev - from the word Kazan - a resident of the city of Kazan. Similar surnames were common among merchants traveling to different places.
Kamyshev - The basis is the word Kamysh, and not a common noun, but a proper name. In the old days, there were popular names and nicknames from the names of plants or animals. Reed is one such name.
Kapustin - Patronymic of the non-ecclesiastical male personal name Kapusta, which was not uncommon among Russians in the 15th-16th centuries.
Karataev - Karatai (low), Karatai - ethnic group (Tataria).
Karelin - Perhaps (Karenin) from the nickname whither - short.
Karpov - Patronymic of the canonical male personal name Karp (Greek karpos - "fruit"), the fish carp has nothing to do with it. Many derivative forms of this name have developed in Russian use; patronymics from them also became surnames. Ukrainian - Karpenko, Karpushenko, Karpovich, Karpun, etc. (N) The common surname Karpov can come from both the baptismal name Karp and the name of the fish carp. The relatively high frequency of this surname (73rd place in the frequency list) suggests that it comes rather from the baptismal name. From some derivative forms of the name Karp, the following surnames were formed Karputkin Karputka, Karpyshev Karpysh, Karpukhin Karpukha, Karpsev Karpets, Karpunichev Karpunya Karpushkin Karpushka Karpeev Karpöy, the form is formed by adding -s to the full name Karp. Karpovtsev. The surnames on -ovtsev do not go back to the baptismal names directly, but through the toponyms -ob, or -ovo, formed from them. Karpishin. Some Ukrainian surnames are formed from the mother's name, which itself is an andronym, that is, derived from the husband's name. If, for example, the husband's name was Karp, then his wife was called Karpikha, and then the andrometronymic surname will end in -ishin. Karpenya. Although the type of surnames is -en-, -yonya. and is found in Ukrainian, but it is more typical of Belarusian onomastics. Karpets. Surnames with the diminutive suffix -ёts are rare in Belarusian onomastics. The surname Karpinsky comes from the name of the settlement Karpin, which in its
Kataev - To roll, live without looking back, twist, from here roll is a reckless, riotous person.
Kaurov-Kaury - a horse with light chestnut reddish hair, hence the nickname
a person with the same hair color.
Kirillov - Patronymic of various forms of the canonical male personal name Cyril (the name is supposed to be from ancient Greek kyrios - "lord, lord"); the suffixes -ov and -in are equivalent, form possessive adjectives (whose son is), but -in is added to stems in a, therefore Kirilin is from the form of Cyril, and Kirilov is from Kiril and Kirilo. In both cases, the spelling fluctuated - with one l or two. Modern Russian spelling, eliminating the doubling of consonants in many common nouns, allows (but does not oblige, since names, patronymics and surnames are written not according to the rules, but according to documents) to simplify the spelling of proper names. Other surnames arose from diminutive forms. In some dialects, the initial Kir- was replaced by Kur-, which in turn gave a number of surnames, Kirilov - Kurilov, Kirilin - Kurilin, etc. Kirilyuk, Kirilenko, Kirichenko are Ukrainian surnames of similar origin.
Knyazev - the surname is derived from the nickname Prince, which is very common among Novgorod peasants. A prince could be called a person who was in the service (military or civil) of a real prince. In an old wedding ceremony, the groom was called a prince on the day of the wedding. In different parts of Russia, every Tatar was jokingly or as a sign of respect called a prince.
Kovalev - From the word "koval" - a blacksmith. The most common surname among the Poles is Kovalevsky, among the South Slavs there are numerous carriers of surnames from the word "kovac" - blacksmith, the same meaning is for the German surname Schmidt, among the English-speaking peoples - Smith.
Kokorin - A stooped, bow-legged man.
Kolesnikov - Possibly Russian surname Kolesnikov was formed from the name or nickname Kolesnik, by adding the Russian patronymic suffix -s. The complex suffix -nik is typical for surnames derived from occupational names ending in -nik. In the nickname Kolesnik, the suffix -ik indicates the profession itself, and the suffix -н- acts as an adjective suffix. Those. Kolesnik is a wheel master (compare Shaposhnikov, Reshetnikov, Myasnikov, etc.). Therefore, the nickname Kolesnik rather belonged to a man who makes wheels than to a madman or a bespectacled man. The surname Kolesnikov may be of Ukrainian origin and sounded like Kolesnik (compare with the Ukrainian surnames Berdnik, Melnik, Miroshnik, etc.), and then it was Russified. Kolesnik- a wheel-maker who makes sled or carriage wheels; in some dialects, a playful nickname for a person wearing glasses (especially pince-nez); naughty, madcap (talk nonsense).
Kolchin - Kolcha is the one with one leg shorter than the other.
Komarov - Surnames derived from the names of insects, through the corresponding nicknames, are not numerous in comparison with the "bird" and "animal" surnames. Nevertheless, two of them were included in the first hundred used Russian surnames - Komarov (80) and Zhukov (61). A short or annoying person could get the nickname mosquito. In some dialects instead of "mosquito" they say "kumar". Komarovsky, Komarevsky Ukrainian or Polish surnames from the name of the type Komarovo, Komar.
Horse meat - 1. Nickname Horse, 2. Man caring for horses.
Konnov - Kononov - from Konon; it was a very common name in the old days, borrowed from the Greeks. Konnov - constricted form from Kononov; the rest of the surnames are from various derivative forms of the name Konon.
Konovalov- Konoval is a man who heals horses.
Kopylov - The surname from the nickname for household items, "kopyl" is a part of a spinning wheel.
Korobitsin - Shipman, owner, chief. A shipman is an attendant on a ship.
Korotovskikh, Korotaev, Korotkov - Korotaev. 1) Karatay is a representative of an ethnic group living in several villages of Tatarstan. 2) Short - short, that is, a short person. In Cherepovets dialects, short out - "low". The rest of the surnames are also from the nicknames characterizing the growth of a person. Karataev may also have a Turkic origin.
Koryakin - From the colloquial form of Koryak. The snag is the one that squirms. 2 Stubborn intractable.
Krivonogov - Kokora is a tree upturned by the roots, or its lower part. Nickname for the stooped, bow-legged man. They said about this: "When I was young, I was a kokor, when I was old." Patronymic from the nickname Kokora, documented back in the 15th century. The surname Kokorin is widespread in the Southern Trans-Urals. The common noun kokora, common in the north of European Russia, the Urals and Siberia, had many meanings, of which the basis of the nickname could be "stump", "crooked tree"; kokory - "stubborn, wayward, stingy" Kokora, kokory - a bar with a rhizome or with a knee for building ships
Krivykh - Krivets is a crooked, one-eyed person.
Kruglikov - A round person was called Kruglik. But that could also be the name of the person who baked puff pies for sale - round slices.
Krylov - The surname was often assigned to students of theological seminaries. She, as it were, symbolized the rise up to the heavens. It is no coincidence that angels have always been depicted with wings.
Kudin - Various forms of the church name Akindin (from Greek "safe") gave many surnames. Kudimov, Udimov can also be the form of the name Nikodim (from the Greek "conquering people"). Kadimov - possibly a variant of the Kudimov; Kinyashev ot Kinyash iz Kin, a short form of this name. Kudinovs. From Kudinov Kadysh (Kadyr), who switched to the Russian service, probably from Kazan and a former service Tatar, ambassador in 1554-1556. The surname, possibly from the distorted Kazan-Tatar Kudai - Khudai "God, Allah" (Gafurov 1987, p. 154).
Kuznetsov, Kovalenko - Patronymic from the naming of the father by occupation. Since the blacksmith was the most necessary and well-known person in the village, the naming on this basis was ubiquitous. Therefore, the surname Kuznetsov is one of the most common in Russia; 78 thousand Kuznetsovs lived in Moscow (1964) (second in number only to Ivanovs, of whom 90 thousand). In some localities, the surname Kuznetsov ranked first in frequency (for example, in 17 volosts of the Kerensky and Chembarsky districts of the Penza province in 1917, out of 69 thousand Russians covered by the calculations, 1031 people were Kuznetsov). Throughout the country as a whole, the spread of the Kuznetsov surname is somewhat limited by the use of the Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian dialect word koval in the same meaning "blacksmith", therefore surnames with this stem were spread from the west and southwest. Other peoples also have very frequent surnames with a stem meaning "blacksmith", for example, the most common English surname is Smith, and the German surname is Schmidt. Kovalev is one of the most widespread Russians; surnames, although the word "koval" is not in the Russian literary language. In the south of Russia and Ukraine, a blacksmith is called a farrier. “If it’s not forged, so don’t trash your hands” (that is, don’t get dirty) - popular wisdom advises; do not take on a business that you do not know. Kovalenya. One of the suffixes forming the Belarusian surnames is me. Kowalski is a Polish or Ukrainian surname. Kovalikhin and Kuznechikhin, metronymic surnames, are formed from the naming of a woman, the wife of a blacksmith. Kovalkov, Kovankov - Russified Ukrainian or Belarusian surnames.
Kuzmin - the surname comes from the male name Kuzma.
Kulikov - Surnames with bird stems are widespread in the Russian environment. Veselovsky has Ivan Ivanovich Kulik Samarin; Kulikovs. landowners, late 15th century, Novgorod. Surnames in ----- sky are usually Ukrainian or Polish, in-them - are typical for the North and Siberia.
Kutikov - From the nickname of the churchmen: a hint of their attachment to the memorial food.
Lebedev - The names of animals and birds were the sources of nicknames from which later many "bird" surnames were formed. The Lebedevs are in 2nd place among them, and in the frequency list of all Russian surnames at 13. This surname is widespread among the Russian clergy and may have an artificial origin, as well as surnames in -sky. Another variant of origin has the same-root surnames Lebedintsev, Lebezheninov, Lebedinsky and Lebedyansky from the names of cities - Lebedin (Sumy region) and Lebedyan (Lipetsk region) (F). The Turkic people of Lebedintsy are also known in the former Biysk and Kuznets districts, in Siberia. However, Lebedinsky may also have seminary warney, in honor of a noble bird. A winch (Lebedkin) in some dialects.
Ledenev - Ice - an ice floe, ice. Obviously the nickname for a cold, impassive person.
Litvinov - Litvin: Russians and Belarusians who, before the reunification of Russia, lived in the Lithuanian and Polish-Lithuanian states.
Litovko - Not all Litvinovs are descendants of Lithuanians. The Russians also called the Belarusians Litvin, who, before reunification with Russia (the end of the 18th century), for a long time lived in the Lithuanian and then the Polish-Lithuanian state. In the Belarusian language, instead of the Russian soft d, dz is pronounced. There was a proverb about a Belarusian: "No matter how repentant Litvin, but dzeknet" (when he starts to speak Russian). Litvinets is one of the forms of the nickname of a Lithuanian, like a Ukrainian. Litvinenko, Litvinonko - Ukrainian surnames of the same origin.
Lobanov - 1. All surnames - from the words denoting a large-faced, forehead person.
2. In some places a large, strong person is called a striped mullet. Loban, forehead - so in Russia they called a person who was savvy, quick-witted, and sometimes distrustful, secretive, it is not for nothing that they say: "squint from under the forehead." Related surnames: Lobarev, Lobastov, Lobachev, Lobashkov, Lobashov, Lobashev. SN Lobanov (Donetsk) recalls the common family name of the Lobanov-Rostovsky princes, whose ancestor - a foreigner Vauban - passed at the end of the 15th century. in the service of the Moscow Tsar and became the ancestor of the Lobanovs. This is recorded in the pedigrees. But it should be borne in mind that many genealogies of noble surnames are falsified (in order to hide their common origin, they invented, for example, an ancestor for themselves - a foreigner). In addition, many branches of the Lobanovs are older than the named, for example, the branch coming from the Ryapolovsky prince Andrei Loban, the beginning of the 15th century. Finally, the very transformation of Vauban into Loban is due precisely to the rethinking of the familiar Russian name Loban. But the main thing is that there are many Lobanovs, the author of the letter himself indicates that his ancestors were serfs. At the heart of the surname, undoubtedly, is the patronymic of the Russian non-church name Loban from the common noun loban - "forehead (with a large forehead)", in some dialects - "tall".
Lukinykh - This surname is formed from the names Luke (from Latin - "luminiferous") and Lukyan (from Latin - "son of Luke, bright"). Lukonya, Lukuta, Lutonya, Lutokha are diminutive forms of the names Luka, Lukian. Luksha from the canonical male name Lucian (everyday - Lukyan) with the suffix -ш- (a), like Wansha, Niksha and other vernacular formations. The combination-kshin is typical for the super-western regions. (see. Akinshin) Last name Lunchenkov from visitors' requests. The faithful basis is her name Luncha Lunya Lukain. The suffix -enkov is characteristic either for Russified Ukrainian surnames (Lunchenko), or for Russians, spread in the south of Russia, in the regions bordering with Ukraine. The surname Lukmanov may have another origin.
Lytkin - The surname is associated with the old Russian word lytka, meaning a leg and its parts, the verb lytat - "to run away, to wander, to keep out of business." The nickname Lytka was recorded in Novgorod in 1478, repeatedly in the scribe book of Yaroslavl in 1671; Probably, Novgorodians brought it into the Permian lands, where by the end of the 19th century. the surname Lytkin is not uncommon. The All-Russian census of 1897 documented this surname in the Trans-Urals in the forms Lydkin and Lytkin (Yurginskaya Vol. : in the North Russian dialects the word lydy is "legs" or "long legs" (according to Dal - Eastern Russian and Vologda).
Lyapunov - Lyapa, lyapun - the one who does everything somehow, tyap-blooper, hastily and badly; speaks rudely and inappropriately, "blurts out". Despite such negative meanings, Lyapa and Lyapun as personal names (non-church) were very common in the old days. Perhaps they have become so used to them that they have ceased to be associated with the original common sense of both words. Lyapa - so in the old days they called a blow with a palm, a slap, a slap in the face and a proper nickname was given to those prone to assault. Lyapun is a lousy master or painter. Arkhangelsk residents have a gaffe - a beater for jamming fish. In addition, these are words, as well as a blooper, it matters - a moth. From these nicknames, surnames could come from.
Lyakhov - Initially, the patronymic from the naming of his father Lyakh, as the Poles were called for a long time, from the name of the Slavic tribe Lyakh (Lech). In the Muscovite state, this was the name not only of the Poles proper, but also of other subjects of the Polish state; The nickname Lyakh was also given to those who visited Poland or adopted some Polish trait, for example, in clothes - during the closest communication with Poland in the 16th-17th centuries. it was not uncommon.
Makarov - Patronymic on behalf of Makar (from the Greek "Makarios" - happy). Makasha are diminutive forms. Makarenko Ukrainian, Makarevich Belarusian forms of this surname. Makarikha is the wife of Makar. Makarychev is the grandson of Makar. Makarovsky - either from the geographical name, or from the name. Makarenkov - or Russified Ukrainian, or South Russian, from the regions bordering with Ukraine.
Maksimovskikh -All surnames are formed on behalf of Maksim (from Greek - "the greatest, huge") and derivatives of the colloquial forms of this name - Maksak, Maksyuta, Maksha.
The surname Maksakov may also be of Mordovian origin: Erzyan. maksak - "mole." (N) Less often from other canonical names: Maksimian (t Latin - belonging to Maxim), Maksian, Maksmilian (from the addition of the names Maxim + Emilian). The Ukrainian surname Maksimonko is an affectionate form of the name; Ukrainian surname Maksimyat actually means "one of the Masimyat family", originally - "son of Maksim".
Malyshev - the surname came from Old Russian, non-church names and affectionate nicknames that were given to children.
Markov - Mark are derived forms of the name Mark.
Maslennikov - The Maslennik is an oil trader. But Maslov (from visitors' requests) from the non-baptismal name or nickname Oil. Such names, from the names of products, were known in Russia. Maslovsky, possibly a Ukrainian surname, from the geographical name of Moaslovo, Masvlok, etc. In Dahl's dictionary, from the word butter, buttered, there are many derivative words with different meanings. Butter is a goat mushroom, butter is also a mushroom, butter is a pet, a darling.
Makhnev - Makhno is a derivative form of the name Matvey and Epimakh. "Epimakh" - provides medical assistance.
Medvedev - in Russia, the leaders of a tamed bear were called bears.
Medvedkov - see Medvedev.
Mezentsev-Mezen is a resident of the banks of the Mezen River, which flows into the White Sea.
Meluzov - from the nickname of a small, puny person.
Moiseev - From the baptismal name Moses - saved from water (other Hebrews) and its forms: Monya - Monin, colloquial Mosei - Moseev, etc.
Mokrousov - From nicknames going back to the word wet - raw. Mokrousov - someone who drinks a lot, not necessarily alcohol. Mokrusha may be someone who often walked wet in childhood, or lived in a wet place, near a swamp. Mokrotovarov is a trader in soaked goods, or maybe he once drowned the goods, but the nickname has been preserved and stuck in the names of the children. The replacement of o - a Macroses could have happened either due to a clerk's mistake or because of the accentuated dialect.
Mokritsky is a Ukrainian surname from a geographical name with the same root. Mokryakov may be from the nickname crybaby.
Mochalov - On behalf of the worldly name Mochalo (the use of a “fake” name in order to protect oneself from “evil forces”).
Mylnikov - Mylnik is a person engaged in the manufacture and sale of soap.
Nazarov - From the baptismal name Nazar - dedicated to God (Hebrew) - there are also surnames. Nazartsev, Nazariev, Nazariev ..
Nemchinov-Nemchin, German - not necessarily a resident of Germany, as we call them now. In the old days, any foreigner, a stranger, was a German for a Russian person, because he did not speak Russian, he was, as it were, dumb. The German is dumb. Options: Nemtsov, Nemchinin, Nemushkin.
Nesterov - Patronymic of the canonical male personal names Nester, Nestor and Nestorius. Nesterenkov is a Russified form of the Ukrainian surname with the same stem. Nesterenko, Nesteruk are Ukrainian.
Novikov - One of the most common surnames could be formed in several ways: Novik - 1) prince's servant, page; 2) rookie, newbie; newly entered into office, into service, accepted into a share, artel, society, brotherhood. Novik is a young month. By virtue of ancestral traditions, the nobles traditionally put stress in this (and some other surnames) on the last syllable - Novikov. Consonant - Novichikhin, Novichkov, relatives - Novozhilov, Novoseltsev
Nosov - The surname is so familiar that it is difficult even to imagine that it was not formed from the word sock at all - a short stocking. It appears in documents in the 15th-16th centuries. - Well, what kind of socks are there. There was a nickname or worldly name Nosko, but actually a sock is just a nose. Freckled, short, long, snub-nosed, aquiline, hooked, beautiful - in a word, some special sock became the basis for a nickname and surname. Related: Nosov, Nosakin, Nosachev, Nosenkov, Nosyrev. Well, in a way, since the nose is given to us for smelling: Nyukhalov and Nyukhachev.
Nurpiisov - Surname of Turkic origin. Formed on behalf of Nurbek (Nurbek). This name is composite nur - light and bek - master, master. There are several mixed surnames in which the element Hyp-Arab comes first. Nur "light", Nuraliev, Nurgaliev "light Ali" Nurmukhamedov - Muhammad is the name of the prophet Nurpeisov Kazakh, pejis / bejis Pers. behist / bihiSt "paradise" Nurberdyev berdy Turk. berdi "he gave", the perfect form of bermek "to give". Nurumkhanov Khan "Sovereign".
Butt - Butt - the part of the ax opposite to the blade. And in a figurative sense - deaf, inaudible.
Ovsyannikov - Ovsyanik - seller of oats, oatmeal bread. The saying "Do not break the oatmeal, do not be a roll for you."
Opletaev - Patronymic from the nickname Opletai from the dialect verb to entwine - "to deceive".
Osipov- The surname of our great poet refers to the whole<гнезду>surnames derived from the baptismal name Esip (Joseph) are God's reward (Hebrew). These are: Yessenev, Yesinin, Yesinov, Yesipov, Yesichev, Yeskin, Yeskov. The surnames Osipov, Osichev were formed from the form Osip. However, there are two more possibilities to explain the name Yesenin. Firstly, in the Ryazan region, the homeland of Sergei Yesenin, yesenya means autumn, and in the fall the poet was born. Secondly, in Russia there was a nickname Yesien, first documented in 1590, the Esipovs - noble families. The founder of the oldest of them, Esip Vasilyevich, was a Novgorod mayor in 1435, his sons: Vasily - tysyatsky, Bogdan and Dimitri - mayor.
Osokin - There are several explanations for the surname, noted back in the 16th century. Kalgan is a capricious, restive, wayward person. The same word in Tver, Ryazan and Tambov dialects denotes a simple wooden cup, roughly hewn with an ax: a ladle, a bucket, a calf feeder. There is also a galangal plant: its spicy root is used for food, it is not for nothing that they say: galangal vodka, galangal gingerbread. Among the related surnames that arose from the names of plants are: Bad'yanov, Buryanov, Veresov, Diaghilev, Kamyshev, Konoplin and Konoplev, Krapivin, Kronov (type of flax), Lozin, Mokhov, Osokin, Plushov, Polynov, Pshenitsyn, Travin (Travkin), Khvoshchev, Khmelev, Shalfeev, Yachmenev.
Okhapkin - the surname comes from the word "armful".
Pavlenko - On behalf of Paul (from Lat. - "small") and his diminutive forms - Pavsha, Pashka, Pashunya, Pashan, etc. The ancestor of the Pavshins is a warrior who did not fight at all, and Pavel, nicknamed Pavsha by the diminutive. Diminutive forms of names with -sha were finally characteristic of the north-west of Russia, Pskov and Novgorod dialects. There was also the female baptismal name of Paul (derived from the male), which could also become the basis of some surnames. Pavlikhin - from Pavlich - Paul's wife. Pavlenko, Pavlyuchenko, Pavlutsky, Pavlyuk, - Ukrainian surnames, moreover, na -enko is typical for the eastern regions of Ukraine, and na-uk is for the backward ones .. Pava (Pavin) is a short form of several names for Pav- Pavel, Pavlin, Pavsikakiy (from the Greek. to remove evil), Pavsilip (Greek. suffering).
Pavlov - One of the most common surnames comes from the baptismal name Paul - small (Greek). From this name, like a seed, a powerful "family tree" has grown. Pavelyev, Pavkin, Pavlenkov, Pavlenov, Pavlikov, Pavlinin, Pavlinov, Pavlikhin, Pavlishentsev, Pavlischev, Pavlovtsev. Pavlukhin, Pavlukhov, Pavlushin, Pavlushkin, Pavlushkov, Pavlychev, Pavlychin, Pavlyukov, Pavlyuchikov, Pavshin, Pavshukov, Pashayev, Pagianin, Pashenkov, Pashetkin, Pashin, Pashinin, Pashinkin, Pashinov, Pashintsev, Pashikhin, Pashkin, Pashinov, Pashintsev, Pashikhin, Pashkin Pashunin, Pashutin. Surnames formed from the diminutive forms of the name Pavel could also be formed from the names Pankraty and Panteleimon: Panayev, Panin, Panichkin, Pankeyev, Pankin, Pankov, Panchishin, Panchurin, Panshin, Pankov.
Palmov - The surname by the name of an exotic tree that did not grow in Russia was sometimes given to seminary students. But there was also a female baptismal Orthodox name Palmyra, and a derivative form of Palma is known for him.
Panov - Resident - a position at the court in Ancient Russia for the protection and execution of urgent orders. Later, already in the 19th century, laborers who lived in the master's house were called tenants. Other similar surnames are known that denote social status: Barchukov, Bogachev, Boyarinov, Gentlemen, Grafov, Noblemen and Dvoryankin, Breeders, Korolev, Peasants, Meshchanins, Millions, Panov, Princes, Raskolnikov, Starostin, Fabricants, Hosts, Kholopov, Tsarev.
Pankov - formed on behalf of Pankraty, Panteleimon.
Pakhomov - One of three: either at the heart of this surname is the verb churn - whip milk, sour cream; or a distorted halibut, paluhi - fish; or the colloquial form that has taken on such a bizarre appearance on behalf of Pakhom, Pachomius is broad-shouldered (Greek). This name and its folk forms also gave rise to surnames: Pafomov, Pakhomychev, Pakhomiev, Pakhmutov. However, perhaps the latter is based on the distorted surname Bakhmutov from bakhmat - a small horse (Turkic).
Pechenkin - From the name of the organ of the human body of the liver. More correctly from the nickname Liver, perhaps a person similar to the liver of an animal. Probably burnt, burnt, whose skin is caked. The connection with the verb oven is unambiguous. In Dahl's dictionary, a stove is a cook, a cook, an oven is a kitchen. But also a liver - a bruise, a bruise, a liver - a mushroom, a liver (hard) - dear, dear. And there are also the words pecha (from him sadness) - care, joy, from which nicknames on the oven could be formed.
Piskunov - The archaic Russian word bibik meant either bad food or a person with some kind of flaw. By the way, there are many surnames that characterize the founder of the surname by his moral or physical handicaps: Govorunov, Gorlachev and Gorlokatov (the one who achieves everything by shouting), Zhmurov (unfriendly), Zashein, Kuksin (sulking - sulking, whining), Merzlyakov, Mokryakov (either crybaby, or ..), Molchanov, Morgalev and Morgunov, Piskunov, Plaksin, Puzanovp Pugachev, Revin, Slepakov, Tikhohodov, Khrapachev, Khripunov, etc. The Bibikovs are one of the most famous noble families in Russia, originating from a native of the Blue Horde of Zhidimir.
Plekhanov - Patronymic from the Old Russian non-church male name Plekhan from the common noun plekhan - "bald". In Suzdal Russia, Plekhan is a pagan deity, the remnants of his cult survived for several centuries, and yet not until the time of the appearance of surnames.
Plotnikov - Carpenter is one of the most ancient occupations in Russia. At first, it was associated with the word raft - zaplot, wattle.
Polev - From the word the field of surnames is formed a little: Polev, Polevoy, Zapolsky, Polevykh. The latter is one of the ancient polysyllabic surnames in the -s: Arzhany and Rye, Berezhnyh, Blue, Ninth, Wooden, Yellowy (covered with abscesses), Gold, Burnt, Kovrizhny, Unknown, Impossible, Pleasing, Memorable, Cook, Jealous, Angry, Suvate , Mustache, Cheremnykh.
Poluyanov - The surname from the predominant form in Russia Poluyan from the canonical male name Polien with a partial rethinking of an incomprehensible name, as in the surnames of Poluektov, Polukarpov.
Ponomarev - Surname from the father's name by position: sexton - the lowest rank of the Orthodox Church.
Popov - Popov, Protopopov - senior priest.
Pospelov - To keep up, to keep up means and<созреть>, and<угодить>... One of the most capacious and mysterious proverbs of the Russian people is associated with the word ripe.<Умирает не старый, а поспелый (т. е. готовый для загробной жизни)>... In the old days, there was a worldly name Pospel, meaning a young man who had grown up to military service or marriage (pospelka is a maiden of marriageable age). And in seminaries, Pospel could be called an over-aged student.
Potekhin - Surname from the non-church male name Fun, common in Russia in the 15th-17th centuries. The surname from his diminutive form Nursery became the surname Poteshkin. According to the 1897 census. several families with this surname are recorded in the village of Chindyanovo (now Dubensky district of Mordovia).
Prakhov - The surname, most likely, is not from the usual meanings of the word "dust". In the dialects, dust is a huckster, a dealer, as well as a mot, a reveler.
Pronin - From the popular version of Pronya - Prokhor.
Prokhorov - From the baptismal name Prokhor - sang, cheerleader (Greek) - there were other surnames. Surnames in Prosh- can also be from derivative forms of the name Prokofy.
Poultry - Many "birds" are formed from nicknames that do not go back to the name of a particular bird, but to the generalized name Bird, Ptakha (Ptukha), Pichuga. Mobile, nimble, short people could get such nicknames. And their descendants became Pichugins, Birdies, Ptakhinmi, etc.
Pyryev - Wheatgrass is a common herbaceous plant. At the end of the 15th century, there lived Pyrey Osokin, son of Travin (a curious example of homogeneous, in this case "plant" names in the same family). The Pyryevs went from him.
Raspopov - Neither the monk nor the abbot - the abbot of the monastery - could marry. So the names of Monks, Igumnov could be born from nicknames (possibly ironic) or from benefactors who sent someone else's talented child, for example, to study in the city. Option - Nun. Other Orthodox priests got married, and then the surnames arose naturally: Popov, Protopopov (senior priest), Dyakonov (assistant priest), Protodyakonov, Ponomarev (clerk, lighting candles and ringing bells), Raspopov (priest, defrocked), Razdyakonov.
Rudakov, Rudnov - Rudak, ore - ore (Rudov), that is, red. Rudakov - patronymic from the nickname or non-church male name Rudak. The common Slavic and Old Russian word ore is "blood", from which rudak is "red, red". In the North, the surname Rudakov was very common, here ore - "mud, stain" and rudak - "dirty, soiled".
Rumyantsev - RUMYANTSEV Rumyantsev was the name of not only the very complexion, but also a ruddy person ..
Russians - The first, who was called Russian, may have lived in a village where most of the inhabitants were not Russians (for example, Komi-Zyryans or Permians). Then he could move, but the nickname (or already the surname) remained. And the endings -their are characteristic of the names of those regions - the north, north-east of Russia .. Such surnames were formed from the appeal "Whose will you be?" - Russians. This appeal can still be heard in the villages. It reminds of the tradition of large families, when 5-7 generations lived in the same yard.
Rybin, Rybnikov - The family of "fish" surnames in Russia is quite extensive. These surnames could be formed from nicknames or non-baptismal names such as Fish, Rybka, Rybushka.
Rykunov - Roar - growl. So they could call a loud child or an adult with a loud voice. Rykach, Rykun - the one who growls. All these words are common Old Russian names. Rychko is a diminutive form of the name Ryk
Ryumin - Representatives of this surname can be proud of their ancestors, information about which is contained in various documents confirming the trace they left in the history of Russia. The surname Ryumin originated from the northeastern regions of the Old Russian state and has been known since the 17th century. Of course, over time, representatives of this surname can live in other historical areas.
The surname Ryumin belongs to a rare and unusual group of Russian surnames formed from intra-family names. The child received the intra-family name only from the parents, and this is the only sign by which the intra-family names differ from the nicknames that were usually assigned by neighbors. Of course, not all children had a family name in addition to the official one.
Savintsev - Surname from various forms of diminutive forms of the name Savva (translated from Aramaic - "elder", "grandfather"), as well as other Christian names beginning with the syllable sav: Savvaty (ancient Hebrew - Saturday), Savely (other. - Hebrew - requested from God), Saveriy, Savin (Latin - Sabine). Saushkin - the same as Savushkin, only dropped between the vowels; a phenomenon not uncommon in Russian phonetics (deushka from girl, Lyoshka from Lyovushka). Initially, the surname of the Savinykh is the genitive case of the plural adjectives: whose child? - Savinykh. The form of surnames with -their (s) is characteristic of the Russian North and the central black earth regions, from these territories it came to Siberia. Savanin may be from Savan, a form derived from one of these names. Surnames on -enko, -uk, -uk - Ukrainian, -enok - Belarusian. Savvinsky - - seminary surname, on behalf of the saint or the church named after him.
Savrasov - Savrasy - light red with a black tail and mane, horse color. Probably, the hair color of the ancestors of the surname was somewhat reminiscent of those around the horse. The patronymic of a nickname from the common noun Savrasy or Savras is "grayish, grayish" (in a figurative meaning it became a nickname for a horse in color, and then received an estimated value with a shade of condemnation - "worn like Savras without a bridle").
Salamatov, Salamatin - Salamata, or salomata, is a folk dish: jelly or liquid porridge made from flour with lard or butter. That was how the lover of this dish could be called. It is based on the common noun salamata - "liquid food made from cereals or flour with fat and salt" (it is assumed that the word is borrowed from the Turkic languages, but this raises objections: there it is borrowed from Russian). It is possible that the surname owes its origin not to this meaning, but to a secondary, derivative one: in some Russian dialects of the Salamat - "chatterbox, chatterbox", the patronymic of this nickname could become a surname. The surname is often found in the form Solomatin. Straw is the same as straw. Straw - a trader or manufacturer of straw. In Dahl's dictionary, salamah is a sweet and drunken drink, as well as a sluggish, sluggish woman.
Samsonov - From the Orthodox baptismal name Samson (from Old Hebrew - solar).
Shoemaker - Shoemaker - the one who makes boots, shoes, shoemakers - the son of a shoemaker. And here is Sapozhkov from the non-baptismal name Sapozhok. Such names from the name of clothing were common in Russia in the old days.
Sergeev - The surname is formed from a patronymic from the name Sergei (from Latin - "highly esteemed, high") and from derivatives from this name. Sergiev, Sergievsky - a surname that was not formed in Russian traditions, this form, close to the canonical one, was characteristic of the clergy. Sergevnin is a metronymic surname, formed from the mother's naming by the name of her father Sergeevna is the daughter of Sergei. The actual Sergeevnin is Sergei's grandson on the mother's side.
Sidorov - From the name Sidor, common in the old days (Isidor, from the Greek - "servant of the goddess Isis"). Sidorenko, Sidochuk is a Ukrainian surname by origin, Sidorenkov is a Russified form of this surname. Sidorovnin has a slightly different origin, but with the same root. From the female Sidorovna - the daughter or wife of Sidor.
Simakov - From various diminutive forms of the names Simeon / Semyon, Sim, Seraphim.
Skvortsov - Possibly a Russian surname Skvortsov formed from the name or nickname Starling, by adding the Russian patronymic suffix -s. Parents could call a child a starling (before, generic names or nicknames from the names of food, household items, animals were popular), or they could nickname an adult for their ability to whistle beautifully or sing like a starling. In any case, the first bearer of the nickname Starling probably evoked associations with this bird in those around him. The prevalence of this surname probably speaks of its appearance in the second half of the 19th century. - during the period of "officialization" of the Russian population. At the same time, along with the surname Skvortsov, other "bird" surnames such as Sorokin, Voronin, Grachev, Vorobiev, etc. appeared. Other surnames could be formed from other forms of nicknames Skvarko, Skvorets, Skvorko and its various forms.
Sour cream - The surname comes from a nickname or non-church name of a person: Sour cream - Sour cream. The use of the name of a food product as a name was not uncommon in Russian villages. This surname is found everywhere. Sour cream is a Ukrainian version. But a sour cream maker, a sour cream maker, is a trader or a manufacturer of sour cream.
Smirnov - Smirnov is one of the most common Russian surnames. In Moscow alone, there are seventy thousand Smirnovs. Why? In a large peasant family, quiet, unclaimed children were a great relief for their parents. This quality, rare for young children, was imprinted in the worldly name of Smirnaya, it often became the main name of a person for life (the church name was forgotten by those around him). From the Smirnykhs went the Smirnovs.
Soloviev - Surnames of this type did not come from the name of the bird, but from the nickname (or non-church name) of the person: Nightingale - Soloviev.
Solomin - The surname is formed from the non-baptismal name or nickname Straw. Such "vegetable" ones were widespread in Russia. In the Dal dictionary, straw is also a pipe, straw is a shed for storing straw, a straw maker, a straw man is a straw merchant. ... Or from the baptismal name Solomon through the form of Straw or or Solomey.
Solonin - Salt has nothing to do with it, but the biblical sage King Solomon will have to be remembered! Salt, Salt - diminutive forms of the Christian name Solomon (from ancient Hebrew - "well-being, prosperous"). And in the Pskov dialects, salty is a slob.
Spirin, Sviridov, Spiridonov - On behalf of Spiridon (presumably from the Greek "gift of the soul" or from the Latin personal name, meaning: born out of wedlock; food basket). Spirya, Svirya is a diminutive form of this name. Svirid is a variant of the name Spiridon.
Stepanov - Patronymic names from the diminutive forms of Stepun, Stepukh, Stepush - derived from the canonical male name Stefan (ancient Greek stefane - "wreath"). Since the sound [f] was not peculiar to the Old Russian language, this name was pronounced in everyday speech as Stepan. By the way, these names have nothing to do with the steppe. Stepurin is a patronymic from the affectionate or ironic form of Stepur of this name. Stenin - of course, not from "wall", but from the name of Sten - a diminutive form of the name Stepan. The rest of the surnames are from derivative forms of the same name. Moreover, the names on -enko (Stepanenko, Stepchenko), -uk / -yuk (Stepanyuk, Stepuk) are most likely Ukrainian, because. the suffix -enko is common in eastern Ukraine, and -uk / -yu in western.
Shooters - In the Old Russian language, shooter meant the same thing as shooter. Strelchenko is a Ukrainian surname.
Strunin - The surname Strunshev could have arisen as a patronymic Strunyash (ie, "son of Strunyash") from the nickname Strunyash, which is based on the verb to string with the meaning "to strum, strum on a string instrument" or "to tie, tie" (compare to restrain) ... However, stringyash is not recorded anywhere, so the proposed interpretation of the nickname Strunyash remains only an assumption. Strunin, Strunnikov obviously have the same explanation.
Stupin - Patronymic of the nickname Stupa from a dialect stupa - "thick, clumsy". Stupisha is a derivative form from Stupa.
Suzdalov - From the name of his father at the place of his former residence, a Suzdal man - from the city of the ancient Russian Suzdal. One of the variants of the explanation of the name of the city refers to the ancient male name Suzdal. Hence the names of Suzdalov. Suzdal can go back to the ancient verb szdati (modern to create) which originally meant "to make from clay" (from Old Russian sd - clay). Maybe it was the name of a potter or brick-maker.
Surovtsev - Surovets is a stern person. A noun formed from an adjective, as well as "lucky" "arrogant" ...
Suslov - Wort is a fresh, unfermented beer. There is a proverb: "Where the wort is good, there the beer will not be bad either." Or a sweetish drink made from malt and flour, popular in old Russia. An ancient non-church name. Suslopar is the one who steams (prepares) the wort.
Sutormin - from the word sutora - vanity, disorder.
Sukhanov - Surnames from nicknames or names that go back to the adjective dry - meaning thin or callous, insensitive. Sukhan - skinny, dry. Sukhomlya is a dry, thin person. Dryness - sick or excessively thin. And there are still Sukhorebrov, Sukhorebry, Sukhobokov, Sukhoparov. Redkorebrov is also here.
Sukhonosov - The size and shape of the nose is reflected in many surnames: Gorbonosov, Dolgonosov, Kolbonosov, Karnonosov (i.e. snub-nosed), Dubonos (with a large nose), Krivonos, Perebeinos (with a broken nose bridge), Shilonosov, Sukhonosik (with a small pointed nose) , Kurnosov, Mokronosov, Kapinosov. Dubonos is a bird with a massive beak, hence a man with a large nose. Shilonosov - patronymic from shilonos, i.e. "sharp-nosed".
Sukhorukov - the surname reflected the size and shape of the hands, a man with small, slender hands.
Takmakov - Tokmak, tokmach - wooden hammer, mallet. Perhaps such a nickname was given to stubborn, persistent people who "hammered the same thing" until they got their way. The surname Takmakov obviously has the same meaning, only the "akushi" variant.
Talanov - Talan “should not be confused with“ talent. ”A person may have a talent, but he may not have enough talent - good luck, luck. he will be the ataman. "Sayings about a loser:" Our Ivan has no talent in anything "," My talan was eaten by a ram. " could be colloquial forms of this surname ..
Cockroaches - It happened in ancient times, although not often, that a person received a nickname from the name of an insect. This is how the surnames that exist in our time appeared: Blokhin, Botkin, Zhukov, Klopov, Komarov, Kuznechikov, Motylev, Moshkin, Mukhin, Muravyov and Muravlev, Murashkin, Murashkov, Murashov, Paukov, Pautov (pautov - gadfly), Pchelin and Pchelkin , Saranchin and Saranchev, Sverchkov, Slepnev (horsefly - gadfly), Tarakanov, Trutnev (drone - male bee), Khrushchev (Khrushchev - bumblebee), Shershnev, Shmelev. Of these, the most common are Zhukov and Komarov.
Tarasov - From various forms of the baptismal name Taras (troublemaker, rebel - Greek). Tarasov / Taranov Taras / Taran, i.e. Battering ram form the name of Taras. Taran, Tarasyuk, Tarasenko are Ukrainian surnames, Tarasenkov is already Russified Ukrainian from Tarasenko. Tarasenya, Tarasik, Tarasenok, Tarasevich are Belarusian.
Tebenkov - The surname from the naming of the father from the Turkic word tebenek - "undersized". The surname was recorded in Perm - 1972.
Temnyakov - In ancient times, a temnik was a military leader over a large army: darkness - a thousand (old). However, there was also another meaning - foundling, foundling; besides, the dark one in the old way is blind. Related surnames: Temny, Temnyaev.
Titov- Surname from the canonical male name Titus (presumably from Latin titulus - "honor, inscription").
Tokarev - 1. This is a professional surname, just not from the modern concept of the term turner. In the old days, in the villages there were grinders, turners who either sharpened knives, scythes and other tools, or grinded wooden dishes. In Dahl's dictionary there is a phrase "The entire Semyonovsky district turns, sharpens wooden dishes." 2. These are "Bird" surnames: turner, tokuy - the popular name for black grouse.
Trefilov - From the baptismal name Trefiliy - clover (Greek) - also arose: Trefilov, Trefiliev, Trifilov, Trifin, Filyushin.
Troitsky - In the 17th-19th centuries. Orthodox clergy were named mainly by the name of the church. In official documents, the Trinity priest Ivan and others are common. This tradition also prevailed in the distribution of surnames to students of church educational institutions.
Trunov - Patronymic of the canonical male personal name Tryphon (ancient Greek tryphon - "gentle"). Trishechkin - originally - patronymic from the affectionate (probably with a touch of irony) form Trishechka from the canonical male name Trifon (Trifon Trisha Trishka Trishechka). Surnames in this form (in -echkin, -ichkin, -ochkin with an emphasis on the base, and not on the suffix) are most common in the Upper Poochye, especially in the Khvastovichsky district of the Kaluga region, the Belevsky and Bolkhovsky districts of the Oryol region and adjacent districts. Trishkin - patronymic from the derogatory form Trishka from the canonical male personal name Tryphon through the intermediate diminutive form of Trish. Trunov is possibly from the nickname from the dialect (Vologda) word trun - "rags, rags". The surname is recorded in Kursk, Orel, Tula. Trufanov. The surname is not uncommon in the North (Shenkur., Pinezh. Districts of Arkhang. Region), in the Trans-Urals, in the central black earth regions (Gorshechensk. District of Kursk. Region, there is in Kursk, Lipetsk, Orel, Tambov). In the study of V.A. Nikon's surname is associated with the northern word trufni (a type of shoe). In Moscow, the surname is pronounced - Trufanov. But nevertheless, a trip to the North in 1980 convinced Nikonov that only Trufanov from the male name Trufan was correct. This etymology was also indicated by G.Ya. Simina. The author in vain asserts that this name is a trace of the Novgorod colonization; in Kursk and adjacent regions, as I.G. Dobrodomov, Trufan's uniform is common, but the Novgorodians have never been there. The change and - y (Tryfon - Trufan) came along with the name from Byzantium: graphically, the Greek letter epsilon could be transmitted by the letter y. (N) Trunya, Trun - diminutive forms of the names Trufan (Trifon) or Fortun. Trukhan is a variant of the name Tryphon. (F) The dialect word trun is also known - rags, rags and mock - joke, nicknames and then surnames could be formed from both meanings.
Trusov - the surname comes from the word "coward".
Trufanov - The surname is not uncommon in the North, in the Trans-Urals, in the central black earth regions. In the study of V.A. Nikonov "Northern surnames" the surname is associated with the northern word trufni (a type of shoe). In Moscow, the surname is pronounced - Trufanov. But still a trip to the North in 1980. convinced Nikonov that only Trufanov from the male name Trufan was correct. This etymology was also indicated by G.Ya. Simina. The author in vain asserts that this name is a trace of the Novgorod colonization; in the Kursk and adjacent regions, the Trufan uniform is common, but the Novgorodians have not been there. The change and - y (Tryfon - Trufan) came along with the name from Byzantium: graphically, the Greek letter epsilon could be transmitted by the letter y.
Uvarov - 1. "The cabbage soup is well boiled," says the hostess, but the surname of a completely different root - from the name Uar, in common parlance Uvar, Uva. The name is of Greek origin, its meaning is unclear. 2. From the Latin word "uva" - a bunch of grapes; in the latter case, the seminar surname.
Ufimtsev - Initially - a patronymic from the nickname Ufimets, that is, "who came from Ufa", the capital of Bashkiria. The surname Ufimtsev is considered one of the most common among many other "geographical" surnames of the clergy.
Fatkin - Fatei -from Photius (first Fotey, then, in dialects, Fatey began to be pronounced and written). The name Photius has the same root as "photo", "photon" (from the Greek "phos", genus "photos", - light). Fatya, Fat, Fatyan are diminutive forms of the names Photius, Photin, Josaphat, Bonifatius. Fatian could also be formed from the name Favstian. Fatyanov Patronymic of the Russian everyday form Fatyan from the church male name Photius (ancient Greek fos - "light") The surname Fatkin probably has the same basis, from the short form Fatya - Fatka.
Fedorov - Patronymic from the male church name Theodor (ancient Greek Theodoros - "gift of the gods"), in the XVI-XVII centuries. one of the most common names among Russians, which was second only to Ivan and Vasily in frequency. In everyday pronunciation, the vowel combination [eo], which is not typical for the Russian language, has disappeared. The surname Fedorov is most often found in the Novgorod and Pskov regions, where it ranks fourth among others, and, for example, in the Middle Volga region - much less often. Other forms of surnames arose from derived dialect forms of the name. In other forms this name came into Russian from other languages, for example: Polish Teodor, Bulgarian Todor. The sound [f], alien to the Old Russian language, was transmitted as [x] or [xv] - Khodor, Khvedor, from them dozens of surnames arose: Fedin, Fedonin, Fedoreev, Fedykin, Fed'kin, Fedkunov, Fedyunin, Fedyaev, Fedyakin, Fedyanin, Fedyakhin, Fedyakin , Fedyashkin, Khodorov, Todorov and many others. Feodrov. Surnames from full forms of the name can also have seminary origin. Fedorov, Fedorovsky. You can read about surnames with -their / s here. In Siberia, Fedorovsky could have a pack of Fedorovsky. Fedorovsky, Fedoriv, Fedchenko, Fedorenko, Fedchun, Fedorosyuk, Fedorozyuk, Fedko, Fedoruk - - Ukrainian surnames from the same name. The most common suffix in Ukrainian surnames is enko, the suffix -iv, -ovych are very pedko, the suffisk -uk / yuk is typical for the western regions of Ukraine. Fedorovich, Fedorkevich, Fedchenok, Fedrinchik are Belarusian. (U). Fedorovskikh, Federyakin Fedeshov, Fedoriv, Fedorosyuk, Fedorozyuk, Fedoryaka, Fedko, Fedyunov, Fedyainov, Fedyna - from visitors' requests. The surnames on -enko, -iv, -uk, -yna are Ukrainian.
Filimonov - Patronymic of the church male name Filimon (ancient Greek phileo - "to love"). Philemonicha - wife or widow of Philemon .
Firsenko - Firsak on behalf of Firs.
Frolov - Folk version of Flor (many names).
Kharin - The surname from various forms of the church male name Khariton (ancient Greek hariton - "generous") The surname Kharin is hardly related to the rude word "kharya", that is, muzzle, mug, the surname Kharin. Kharya is a diminutive of the name Khariton (in Greek "generous"). Let me remind you that the city of Kharkov, as it is assumed, owes its name to the first settler - the Cossack Khariton, nicknamed Kharko. Patronymic from the short form Kharya from the church male name Khariton (ancient Greek hariton - "generous"). Kharchenko is a Ukrainian surname. Kharko, Kharchko, Kharyuk are derived forms of the name Khariton.
Kharlov - From the baptismal name Khariton - generous (Greek) - there were also surnames: Kharin, Kharinov, Kharitoshin, Kharichkov, Kharlov, Kharchikov. And Kharkov, Kharisov, Kharyukov could also have formed from the baptismal Harisim. - pleasant (Greek).
Khokhlov - Khokhlach - the one who has a forelock, a crest on his head. From a non-church name or nickname Khokhol, Khokholok, about a person wearing a forelock, a crest. In Dahl's dictionary, khokhol, khakhal is a lover, friend, khakhal (Vologda).
Khudyakov - Patronymic of the non-church personal name Khudyak. A thin man, a thin man is not necessarily skinny, but above all a poor man. A thin man, a thin man is a poor man; The townspeople were divided into the best, average and thin.
Chashkin - One of the surnames derived from the names of kitchen utensils. Cups, maybe from Cups. Cup, Chalice.
Chebykin - In the Urals, chevyk is the name given to people who pronounce “ch” instead of “ts”: chyplenok, chvetok, chely.
Cherdyntsev - From the city of Cherdyn, Perm region. Cherdyn - in sowing. parts of the Perm region. It was first mentioned in 1472. It could have been based on the word cherda, now preserved in the Mari language in the meaning of "forest", but it was not found either in the Permian or in the Ugric languages.
Cheremisin - At the heart of the surnames Cheremis, Cheremis - this is how the Mari were called in the old days. Cheremiskin is the son of Cheremiska.
Cherepanov - Skull in the old days - a potter, a potter. The inhabitants of the city of Cherepovets were also called skulls.
Chernavin - Surnames in -sky 1. or from rivers and settlements by the name Chernyava, Chernyavka - there are such in Minsk, Mogilev, Vinnitsa and Zhytomyr regions; 2. either from a dark-skinned man - a dark-skinned, black-haired person. "The damsel chernyava" is mentioned in epics. Chernavka is a servant, a servant for the dirtiest, blackest jobs, in the old days there was such a worldly name. Hence the black names Chernavin, Chernavkin, Chernavsky.
Chernotinsky - From the family name Chernysh, reflecting the external features of the named (dark hair, skin or eyes.
Chesnokov - The surname refers to the nest of "gardeners", such as Onions, Ogurtsov. However, there is another meaning of the word garlic - palisade, palisade. In the main surname is the worldly name Garlic, known in antiquity -1) garden plant, 2) palisade, palisade
Chingin - The surname is nothing more than an old pre-Muslim name associated with the memory of the famous conqueror (Tatar prince Chingin).
Chudinov - Chukhnaya, Chukhonts were called in the old days representatives of the Baltic Finnish peoples: Finns, Ingrian, Estonians, etc. From the ancient name of the Chud people (Chukhna). There is also the surname Chukhnov and Chudinov.
Miracles - Miracle - the wife of the one whose nickname is Miracle, Miracle. If a woman raised a child alone, then he became Chugdikhin. Surnames of this kind were not rare in the old days, Chugun - Chugunkha - Chugunikhin .. A connection with the ethnonym Chud is possible.
Churikov - Chura in ancient times was called a slave, at a later time - a servant-squire. The Eastern Slavs named their children Chur and Chura, probably in honor of Chur, a Slavic pagan deity of the hearth. Chursa - from the root chur and the old suffix sa. Churik is a diminutive of Chur. The surnames are associated with the old Russian name Chur, or Chura, with which the Eastern Slavs called their children, probably in honor of Chur, a Slavic pagan deity of the hearth. The form of the name Chursa was formed from the root chur- and the ancient suffix -с (a). Surnames are widespread in different localities.
Chusovitin - The surname is based on the Chusovaya river in the Urals. It can be added that such surnames have two forms: in -Yanin and -Yanov. The first is formed from the naming in the singular: Chusovlyanin - Chusovlyaninov. The second - from the naming in the plural: Chusovlyans (a family or group of people who came from the Chusovaya river) - Chusovlyans. Plural naming is typical for the Russian North and Siberia. Another suffix that forms vamili from geographical names is itin: Chusovitin, Chasovitin is just a variant of the same surname. Chusovaya - r. in the Urals, the left tributary of the river. Kama. The etymology is unknown. It is assumed from the Komi language - Chuosi "patroness, sacred", but this needs serious proof. An opinion was expressed about the word "river" chu-su-va, repeated three times in different languages (the first two are Türkic, the third is Permian), but this is very artificial and strained, for this territory it is unusual to chu, unjustifiably with, instead of su. Chusovaya, lion. tributary of the Kama (Sverdlovsk and Perm regions, sources - in Chelyabinsk). There have been many attempts to explain the name of Chusovoy. The popular Russian rethinking owes the opinion that Chusovaya used to be called Sentry: supposedly its level changes rapidly, and it turns from poor water into a raging stream. The traveler of the 18th century adheres to this interpretation. I. I. Lepekhin: "It may happen that the name of the sowing river is somewhat spoiled, and it should be called the Clock River, not Chusovaya: for one must wait for a certain time or hour at which the ships can be released." The modern form of the name Chusovaya speaks against this view, as well as the existence of the Northern and Poludenny Chus rivers in the Komi-Permyatsky AO, the Chusovskoye lake near Sverdlovsk and the Chusovskoye lake in the Kolva basin in the north of the Perm region. It is absurd that the toponym Chusovaya consists of four words meaning "river": chu (Tibetan), su (Turkic), va (Permian Komi), I (Mansi), that is, "River-river-river-river". The point of view that the Komi hydronym is based on the word chuosi or chauso, supposedly meaning "patroness", "sacred river", is also unfounded. It is possible that this name was adopted by the Russians from some Permian language, where it sounded like Chusva. True, in the modern Permian Komi language there is no such word, but the Udmurt chus means "lively", "agile". It is difficult to find a river in the Middle Urals that is "more boisterous" than Chusovoy, so the meaning of the word chus is very suitable. It can be assumed that the word chus was forgotten in the Permian Komi language, but remained in its related Udmurt language. Hence, chus - "lively", va - "water"? But there are objections to this version: in particular, the name of the lake Chusovskoe in the Perm region. Nevertheless, already in the 19th century, the view was widespread that Chusovaya was "Fast water". He dominates at the present time. The secondary names of Lake Chusovskoe southwest of Sverdlovsk, which is located on the right side of Chusovaya, the city of Chusovaya in the Perm region, founded as a settlement at the Chusovoy metallurgical plant in 1879 and received the rank of a city in 1933, a working village of Verkhne-Chusovskie Gorodki in Perm Region, which arose as a settlement of salt workers back in 1616, as well as the village of Chusovoye in the Shalinsky District of the Sverdlovsk Region. (the former Staroshay-tan plant, built in 1727 by Nikita Demidov at the mouth of the Shaitanka River, the left tributary of the Chusovaya). Matveev Geographical names of the Urals.
Shabalin - Shabala - rags, rags, chatterbox. Initially - a patronymic from a nickname from a common noun shabala, in which two different words are probably mixed: in the southern Russian dialects of shabala - "chatterbox" (as well as in a number of Siberian ones), and in the northern and Volga dialects - "rags, rags". (N) If the surname came from the southern Russian regions, then here the nickname Shabala, Shabalda was given to a chatterbox, a chatterbox, or an idler. It was not for nothing that the expression existed: "To beat Shabala" - to wander around, sharpen the fringes. In the Ryazan, Tambov and Nizhny Novgorod regions of shabala - cast-off, worn-out clothes. And among the people of Kostroma and Perm, the same word means an aspen block from which they make dishes. This word could also mean - scraps. Such a nickname could be given to a small person - either by species or morals. Same names: Shabaldin, Shebolaev, Shebalin.
Shadrin - The surname originated in the Russian North: here Shadra is the nickname of the pockmarked, covered with natural pockmarks. Same names: Shadrunov, Shchedrin, Shchedrinin.
Shalamov - Shalim is a Turkic name; from the "crazy" handful. It was given to babies to emphasize their diminutiveness: they say, so small that you can fit in a handful. Even in antiquity, this name was used by the Russians as an additional to the church, secular. The surname Shalimov dates from the Herbovnik in 1741. It comes from the Türkic proper name SalimSah "alim" "king, ruler and" scientist, enlightened "+ suffix -s> Shalimov. No less probable is the origin of the surname Shalimov from Türkic (Kazakh., Karakalpak.) salym "a handful", salymly kisi "an efficient, strong, strong man." (B) Distorted Shalam, from Shalim, could have given the surname Shalamov ..
Shamonin - Shama, Shamon, Shamsha - the one who hums, speaks whispering. The surname Shamin dates from the Herbovnik in 1741. The origin of this surname seems to be controversial. It is possible that it is based on the Russian nickname Shama ~ Shamonya "he who speaks with shamming, shambles" (Dal). Its structure, therefore, can be very simple: Shama + the suffix of the formation of the surname -in> Shamin. It is less legitimate to build this surname on the basis of sham "sor, rubbish" (Fasmer). However, it is possible that the surname Shamin has an oriental origin and goes back to the meaning "originating from Damascus" or, less likely, to Tur. Sama "a lamp, a lamp" and, finally, to cama ~ saina "to be able, the strength that is necessary for the execution of something; evaluation by the eye"> "the one who evaluates by the eye" (Radlov) - with the same structure - with by adding the suffix -in> Shamin. Shamin can also mean "shuffling, dragging feet." Shamov. From the prince of Kazan Shamov Shabas, the butler of Shah Ali, in 1550 - 1552. accompanying his suzerain to Kazan, Moscow, and, obviously, with him took Russian citizenship.
1) large bran, 2) fluff, liar (Dal) Shamshit-speak indistinctly, shamk-chew
Shamaev - see Shamonin. Shama - the one who speaks with shamming, shambles.
Sharkunov - A person whose outer gloss and sophistication of manners covers the inner emptiness (literally, the one who shuffles his foot, shuffle).
Shakhov - From the Persian shah (sovereign), who penetrated into the Russian language not only as a common noun, but also as a personal name. The first of the Shakhovsky princes bore the loud nickname Shah. The surname Shakhovskoy is based on the word of Iranian origin, Shah Persian, borrowed through the Turkic language. ““ shah, king, monarch ”“ This word, added to common nouns, ”as L. Budagov notes,“ determines the superiority of the objects they mean in comparison with others. ” could serve as the name of a property that belonged to a person who had the nickname shah, the surname Shakhovskoy took shape through the suffix -skoy. The origin of this surname from the nickname is confirmed by the absence of heraldic signs usually found in the coats of arms of families genetically related to the East. from the terms associated with fishing: shah - a stake for drying the net, also formed from the nickname Shah.
Shepelev- The word "lisp" is lost by the tongue; it probably meant lisp. In the dialects, "lisp" is preserved in this meaning. Shepel, cap - an iron spatula for cleaning the hemp from the fire (Dal).
Shirobokov - Patronymic from the nickname Shiroboky, the meaning of which, perhaps, is not related to appearance ("fat"), it could indicate the character, lifestyle of a person. The surname was frequent in Siberia, its other centers were the village of Dolzhanka, Cheremisinovsky district, Kursk region, the village of Semenovskoye, Ankovsky district, Ivanovo region.
Shulgin - Shulga - left-handed. Shulgin. A frequent surname of early origin, found almost everywhere. It emerged as a patronymic ("son of Shulga") from shulga - an old Russian word still preserved in some dialects with the meaning "left hand" and "left-handed". Shulgin. The surname of secondary origin - from the surname; means belonging to the Shulgin family, recorded early - in 1669, the peasant I. Shulgin (V.I. Shunkov) is mentioned in documents on Verkhoturye in the Urals. Like other surnames in-them, -s, Shulgin is found in the Kursk region, in the North, the Urals, in Siberia. Shulzhenkov. The surname is also associated with the word shulga - "left-handed", but further shaping took place not with the help of the Russian suffix -enok, but with the Belarusian or Ukrainian -enko: Shulzhenko, which also means "son of Shulga"; the phonetic change r -> w is natural (compare: snow - snowy, salaga - salazhonok, etc.). The surname is recorded in the Elninsky district of the Smolensk region, in the south of the Pskov, in the Bryansk, Smolensk regions. A related surname is Shuleikin.
Shumilov - Shumilo is a screamer, one who constantly makes noise, screams. The surnames are common throughout as some of the very early ones. These are the former patronymics from the most frequent Russian non-church male names of the 16th-17th centuries, i.e. the period of the formation of Russian surnames, on the eve of their widespread distribution. It is based on the verb to make noise: Shumilo - this was the name of a noisy, noisy child. The suffix -il (o) formed the "name of the doer" (cf. cramps, thugs, chisels, sharpeners, etc.), respectively, personal names - Tomilo, Yarilo. Patronymic names from them arose in the form of possessive adjectives formed by the suffix -s or, if the stem ended in -а (Shumila, Tomila), the suffix -in. From the derogatory form Shumilka is the name of Shumilkina.
Shupletsov - At V.I. Dahl gives the Pskov (and Novgorod) word shopel - "medicine man, sorcerer", the Smolensk verb to shop - "to know, to know", but all meanings are given with a question mark. Shupletsov. The patronymic of the nickname shuplets, the basis of which could be associated with the archaic dialect word shupel - "rubbish, rubbish of no value," the suffix -ets indicated the person who was involved in this rubbish.
Shchipachev - 1. Pinch - the one who pinches tow, bast, fluff, etc., or pinches. 2. The poet Stepan Shchipachev received his surname from his native Siberian village Shchipachi. Shchipunov. The nickname tweeter stuck not only to the tweeter, but also to the lover of bribes and extortions.