Examples of landscape in musical works. Musical landscape

MUSIC AND OTHER ARTS

Lesson 26

Topic: Landscape in Music. Images of nature in the works of musicians.

Lesson objectives: To analyze the variety of connections between music and visual arts; to talk about the generality and difference of expressive means of music and visual arts; independently select similar poetic and pictorial works to the topic under study.

Materials for the lesson: portraits of composers, reproductions of paintings, musical material.

During the classes:

Organizing time:

Hearing: M. Mussorgsky. "Gnome" from the cycle "Pictures at an Exhibition".

Read the lesson epigraph. How do you understand it?

Writing on the board:

"Until there was music, the human spirit was unable to imagine the image of the charming, beautiful, fullness of life ..."
(J.W. Goethe)

Lesson topic message:

Guys, do you think there is something in common in the depiction of nature in paintings and in musical works? (We think so. Because nature conveys this or that mood. And what it is - you can hear it in music and see it in the picture.)

Work on the topic of the lesson.

1. Nature in art.

The depiction of nature in art has never been a simple copying of it. No matter how beautiful the forests and meadows are, no matter how the element of the sea beckons artists, no matter how the moonlit night charms the soul - all these images, being captured on canvas, in verses or sounds, evoked complex feelings, emotions, moods. Nature in art is spiritualized, it is sad or joyful, pensive or dignified; it is as a person sees it.

One day you will wake up in amazement
You will hear the trills of birds in the meadow.
And the heart will tremble in admiration -
Everything around is covered with pink and white snow!
What happened overnight to nature?
Where does so much light and warmth come from?
Overcoming frost and bad weather,
The cherry blossoms with fluffy foam!
It filled the whole space with itself,
Throwing up the fountains of flowers in the air!
Throwing on a fragrant decoration,
Welcomes the beautiful Spring!
Dressed up with white flowers
The young bride beckons to herself.
And the heart stops under the branches.
Keeps Love, Hope and Dream!

(T. Lavrova)

The theme of nature has long attracted musicians. Nature gave the music sounds and timbres that were heard in the singing of birds, in the murmur of streams, in the noise of a thunderstorm.

Sound visualization as an imitation of the sounds of nature can be found already in the music of the 15th century - for example, in K. Janeken's choral pieces "Birdsong", "Hunting", "Nightingale".

Hearing: K. Janeken. "Birdsong".

Gradually, in addition to imitating the sounds of nature, music learned to evoke visual impressions. In it, nature not only sounded, but also played with colors, colors, highlights - it became visible.

There is even such an expression - "musical painting". This expression of the composer and critic A. Serov is not just a metaphor; it reflects the increased expressiveness of music, which has discovered another figurative sphere for itself - the spatial-figurative one.

2. Seasons.

Among the vivid musical pictures associated with the depiction of nature is the cycle of P. Tchaikovsky "The Seasons". Each of the twelve plays of the cycle represents an image of one of the months of the year, and this image is most often conveyed through a landscape.

According to the program proposed by the music publisher, he wrote his famous piano cycle. These small pieces, reminiscent of musical watercolors, reflect the mood of the season - winter dreams, spring freshness, summer expanse, autumn sadness. The composer put into them all his great love for everything native - for the Russian people, Russian nature, Russian customs. Each of the twelve miniatures is preceded by a title and an epigraph, revealing the nature of the music, lines from a poem by Russian poets.

Despite the poetic primary source, Tchaikovsky's music is vividly picturesque - both in a generalized emotional plan, associated with the "image" of each month, and in terms of musical depiction.

Here, for example, is the play "April", which is given the subtitle "Snowdrop" and the epigraph from the poem by A. Maikov is preselected:

Blue, clean
Snowdrop flower
And next to it is clear
The last snowball.
Last dreams
About the past grief
And the first dreams
About other happiness ...

As is often the case in lyric poetry, the image of early spring, the first spring flower, is associated with the awakening of man's forces after winter torpor, twilight of frost and blizzards - to new feelings, light, sun.

Hearing: P. Tchaikovsky. "April. Snowdrop "from the piano cycle" Seasons ".

How did this work sound, what feelings did the composer want to convey with his music? (The music sounded very gentle, light. It seemed as if the flower was really reaching out to the sun and gradually dissolving its petals. The middle part sounded somewhat agitated, the murmur of a stream and the ringing of a drop could be heard.)

That's right, the lines of the poet Maikov are transformed into a gentle melody that conveys the living breath of spring. We seem to see a small helpless flower making its way to the light from under the snow.

“Nobody needs the protocol truth,” said Isaac Levitan. Your song is important, in which you sing a forest or garden path. " Look at the reproduction of the painting “Spring. Big Water ”, surprisingly light, clean tones were found by the composer for the transmission of a later spring. Remember another painting by Levitan, which has a musical name. ("Evening Bells", this picture also sounds.)

Levitan is rightfully called the unsurpassed master of mood in painting. He is often compared to Tchaikovsky, in whose music the Russian nature found an amazingly cordial expression. Both the artist and the composer, each with the means of his art, managed to sing his own song in art - the lyrical song of the Russian soul.

3. Images of nature.

If Tchaikovsky's music, for all its vivid pictoriality, is nevertheless aimed at conveying the mood, the experience caused by the first flowering of spring, then in the work of other composers one can find a vivid visual image, precise and concrete.

Franz Liszt wrote about this in the following way: “The flower lives in music, as well as in other forms of art, for not only the“ experience of the flower ”, its smell, its poetic charming properties, but its very form, structure, flower as vision, how phenomenon cannot but find its embodiment in the art of sound, for in it everything without exception finds embodiment and expression that a person can experience, experience, think over and feel.

The shape of a flower, the vision of a flower is tangibly present in the introduction to I. Stravinsky's ballet "The Rite of Spring". An amazing natural phenomenon - the blooming of buds, stalks - is captured in this music, which conveys, according to B. Asafiev, "the action of spring growth."

The initial theme-tune, performed by the bassoon, in its outlines resembles the structure of the stalk, which constantly stretches, rushes upward. Just as the stem of a plant is gradually overgrown with leaves, the melodic line throughout the sound also "overgrows" with melodic echoes. The drunken shepherd's tunes gradually turn into a thick musical fabric, in which the chirping of birds is heard.

Hearing: I. Stravinsky. "Kiss of the Earth" from the ballet "The Rite of Spring".

“A landscape has no purpose,” Savrasov said, “if it is only beautiful. It should have a history of the soul. It should be a sound that responds to the feelings of the heart. It’s hard to put into words, it’s so much like music. ”

Lesson summary:

The landscape in music, perhaps, can be likened to the landscape in the works of painting - so varied are the pictures of nature to which composers turned to. Not only the seasons, but also the times of the day, rain and snow, forest and sea elements, meadows and fields, earth and sky - everything finds its sound expression, sometimes literally striking with its pictorial accuracy and power of influence on the listener.

Questions and tasks:

1. Is it possible to consider that the landscape in art is an exact copy of the picture of nature?
2. Why can a musical landscape be likened to a landscape in the visual arts?
3. How does April appear in the play by P. Tchaikovsky from the cycle "The Seasons"? What feelings does this music evoke?
4. Why is I. Stravinsky's music perceived as a real "picture of spring growth"?
5. Find poetry and landscape art that you know.
6. Complete the assignment in the Diary of Musical Observations, page 28.

Presentation

Included:
1. Presentation - 15 slides, ppsx;
2. Sounds of music:
Mussorgsky. Pictures at an Exhibition. Two Jews, rich and poor (2 versions of performance: symphony orchestra and piano), mp3;
Tchaikovsky. Seasons. April - Snowdrop (2 versions: symphony orchestra and piano), mp3;
Stravinsky. Kiss of the Earth from the ballet The Rite of Spring, mp3;
Janeken. Singing birds, mp3;
3. Accompanying article - lesson synopsis, docx.

Music grade 4

Theme:

Target: - to acquaint students with the life and work of the Russian composer S.V. Rachmaninov.

Contribute to the development of musical horizons, musical thinking, musical speech.

Promote the education of love for music, for nature.

Equipment: portrait of S.V. Rachmaninov, landscapes of the seasons, music - cassettes: S.V. Rachmaninov "Spring waters".

Download:

Preview:

Music grade 4

Theme : Musical landscape. Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov.

Target: - to acquaint students with the life and work of the Russian composer S.V. Rachmaninov.

Contribute to the development of musical horizons, musical thinking, musical speech.

Promote the education of love for music, for nature.

Equipment: portrait of S.V. Rachmaninov, landscapes of the seasons, music - cassettes: S.V. Rachmaninov "Spring waters".

DURING THE CLASSES

1. Organizing time.
2. Announcement of the topic of the lesson.

Today, guys, we're going to talk to you about landscape in music.

What is a landscape? (pictures of nature)

Some of you may ask how the landscape is related to music? Today we will find out what the landscape has to do with music.

III. Learning new material.

Look at the blackboard. What is depicted?(pictures of nature, under them necessarily - numbering)

What pictures of nature are depicted?(spring landscape, summer, autumn and winter landscapes)

What is the difference? (colors).

Do the paintings produce the same impressions and feelings on you?

Look, with the help of such pictures, the artist can express his mood, his feelings, choosing the right colors. And composers, at one time, reflect the color scale of thoughts, feelings, moods with the help of music.

The great Russian composer Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov, with the help of music, wrote pictures of nature, which in turn are called "musical landscape".

Let's look at the portrait of S.V. Rachmaninov. What can you tell about this person looking at the portrait?

Sergei Vasilievich Rachmaninov was born on April 1, 1837 in his parental estate, located fifty miles from Novgorod.

A penchant for music was a characteristic feature of the Rachmaninoff family. Musical talent S.V.R. was discovered already in early childhood. According to his mother, Lyubvi Petrovna, "when he was still very young, he loved to hide in a corner and listen to a musical game." The composer graduated from the Moscow Conservatory in composition and piano classes. He worked at the opera house, at the same time at the Bolshoi Theater Rachmaninoff regularly performed as a symphony conductor. He wrote many operas, sonatas, songs for orchestra and chorus, romances. The romance of S.V.R. "Spring waters", written in the words of F.I. Tyutchev.

Let's see how the poet conveyed the image of the poem.(listening to the reading of the poem by the teacher, comparing the poem with the landscapes on the blackboard)

reading a poem

The snow is still white in the fields

And the waters are already rustling in the spring -

They run and wake up the sleepy shores,

They run and shine and say ...

They say to all ends:

“Spring is coming, spring is coming!

We are the messengers of the young spring,

She sent us ahead! "

Spring is coming, spring is coming!

And quiet, warm, May days

Ruddy, light round dance

Crowds merrily behind her.

How did this poem make you feel?

What picture is close to conveying this mood?

And S. Rachmaninov, guys, was able to convey similar feelings in his romance "Spring Waters", which represents the image of a poem, while at the same time introducing into it new dynamics, impetuosity, accessible only musical expression.

Listening to music "Spring Waters"

How does music make you feel?

What mood is it imbued with?

What kind of pictures do you imagine listening to this music?

What landscape on the board conveys the theme of the given music?

GENERALIZATION A joyful foreboding of the coming spring literally permeates the romance. Music sounds especially light and sunny, the movement of music is swift, seething, covering a huge space, like a powerful and cheerful stream of spring waters breaking all barriers. There is nothing more opposite in feeling and mood to the recent numbness of winter with its cold silence and fearlessness. In "Spring Waters" there is a bright, open, enthusiastic feeling, capturing the audience from the very first bars. The music of the romance seems to be deliberately constructed in such a way as to avoid everything soothing, soothing; there are almost no melodic repetitions in it, with the exception of those phrases that are emphasized by the whole meaning of musical and poetic development: "Spring is coming, spring is coming!" the endings of almost all melodic phrases are ascending; they contain even more exclamations than a poem.

VI Lesson summary

- What composer did you meet today?

What have you learned about him?

How do you understand the name "musical landscape"?

How can you express your attitude to nature, to events, in general, to life.

Yes! Poets use words and rhymes to create poems; artists using paints - paintings; composers can express their feelings through music.

V. Homework(you can start in the remaining time in the lesson)

Creative work.

Write on the pieces of paper what time of year, what time of day you like most. What makes you happy in nature, and what makes you feel sad? Try to describe it in one little story.

Landscape in music

The depiction of nature in art has never been a simple copying of it. No matter how beautiful the forests and meadows are, no matter how the element of the sea beckons artists, no matter how the moonlit night charms the soul - all these images, being captured on canvas, in verses or sounds, evoked complex feelings, emotions, moods. Nature in art is spiritualized, it is sad or joyful, pensive or dignified; it is as a person sees it.

The theme of nature has long attracted musicians. Nature gave the music sounds and timbres that were heard in the singing of birds, in the murmur of streams, in the noise of a thunderstorm. Sound visualization as an imitation of the sounds of nature can be found already in the music of the 15th century - for example, in the choral pieces of K. Janeken "Birdsong", "Hunt", "Nightingale".

This is how the way was outlined for the development of music of its landscape and pictorial possibilities. Gradually, in addition to imitating sounds, music learned to evoke visual associations: in it, nature not only sounded, but also played with colors, colors, highlights - it became visible. "Musical Painting" is an expression of the composer and critic A. Serov, not just a metaphor; it reflects the increased expressiveness of music, which has discovered another figurative sphere - the spatial-figurative one.

Among the vivid musical pictures associated with the depiction of nature is the cycle of P. Tchaikovsky "The Seasons". Each of the twelve plays of the cycle represents an image of one of the months of the year, and this image is most often conveyed through a landscape.

The theme of the seasons, their reflection in nature is the basis of the content of this work, supported by a poetic epigraph from Russian poetry that accompanies each play.

Despite the poetic primary source, Tchaikovsky's music is vividly picturesque - both in a generalized emotional plan, associated with the "image" of each month, and in terms of musical depiction.

Here, for example, is the play "April", which is given the subtitle "Snowdrop" and the epigraph from the poem by A. Maikov is preceded:

A blue, pure snowdrop is a flower,

And next to it is the last clear snow.

Last dreams of the past grief

And the first dreams of another happiness ...

As often happens in lyric poetry, the image of early spring, the first spring flower, is associated with the awakening of human forces after winter torpor, twilight of frost and blizzards - to new feelings, light, sun. A small flower growing right out of the snow becomes a symbol of these fresh feelings, a symbol of the eternal desire for life.

If Tchaikovsky's music, for all its vivid pictoriality, is nevertheless aimed at conveying the mood, the experience caused by the first flowering of spring, then in the work of other composers one can find a vivid visual image, precise and concrete. Franz Liszt wrote about this in the following way: “The flower lives in music, as well as in other forms of art, for not only the“ experience of the flower ”, its smell, its poetic charming properties, but its very form, structure, flower as a vision, as a phenomenon not may not find its embodiment in the art of sound, because in it everything without exception finds embodiment and expression that a person can experience, experience, think over and feel ”.

The shape of a flower, the vision of a flower is tangibly present in the introduction to I. Stravinsky's ballet "The Rite of Spring". An amazing natural phenomenon - the blooming of buds, stalks - is captured in this music, which conveys, according to B. Asafiev, "the action of spring growth."

The initial theme-tune, performed by the bassoon, in its outlines resembles the structure of the stalk, which constantly stretches, rushes upward. Just as the stem of a plant is gradually overgrown with leaves, the melodic line throughout the sound also "overgrows" with melodic echoes. The drunken shepherd's tunes gradually turn into a thick musical fabric, in which the chirping of birds is heard.

The landscape in music, perhaps, can be likened to the landscape in the works of painting - so varied are the pictures of nature to which composers turned to. Not only the seasons, but also the times of the day, rain and snow, forest and sea elements, meadows and fields, earth and sky - everything finds its sound expression, sometimes literally striking with its pictorial accuracy and power of influence on the listener.

The creation of many landscape images belongs to impressionist composers (impressionism is an artistic trend that developed in Western Europe in the last quarter of the 19th - early 20th centuries). In their work, themes that require special musical depiction, including landscape themes, were widely developed.

The musical landscape for the Impressionists is the area of ​​detailed development of all means of expressiveness that make the sound colorful, visible, picturesque. The picturesqueness is already present in the title of the works: for example, "Sails", "Wind on the Plain", "Footsteps in the Snow" (all these are the names of preludes by C. Debussy), "Wonderful Evening", "Wildflowers", "Moonlight" (romances K. Debussy), "The Play of Water", "Reflections" (piano pieces by M. Ravel) and so on.

The need to embody such complex and subtle images in music has led to an increase in spatial and colorful musical possibilities. Harmony became more tart, rhythms became more refined, timbres became more refined. The music of the Impressionists revealed the ability to convey not only colors, but also glare, shadows - as, for example, in M. Ravel's "Play of Water". Such possibilities of music were consonant with the painting of the Impressionists; perhaps never before have these two arts been so close to each other.

Turning to poetry, Impressionist composers opted for such works in which a colorful, picturesque beginning was also clearly expressed. Here is one such poem; its author is the poet Paul Verlaine.

Endless row of fences and wild grapes;

The vastness of the distant blue mountains; tart aroma of the sea.

A windmill, like a scarlet lighthouse, on the light greenery of the valley;

Foals run headstrong near the coastal snags.

Lush sheep on the slopes, flowing like a river -

Whiter than milk on carpets, they are bright green.

Laces of foam behind the stern, and sail over the water,

And there, in the blue of Sunday, the brazen call of bells.

If there was a landscape genre in poetry, then this poem would fully meet its requirements. Each of its lines is an independent image, and taken together they form a single picture of a Sunday summer landscape.

The romance by C. Debussy, created on the basis of this poem, gives the poetic image even greater depth. The composer introduces an element of movement, lively and cheerful, but this movement is also pictorial, it, like in Verlaine's poem, seems to be captured.

The initial figure of the accompaniment - the quintol (rhythmic group of five sounds) - resembles a pattern - either a pattern of endless fences, or a foam lace, but we feel that this pattern is definitely associated with the images of the poem.

So, we see that the landscape in music is present in all the richness of its manifestations - both as a "mood landscape" (for example, by Tchaikovsky), consonant with the landscape paintings of I. Levitan and V. Serov, and as a dynamic landscape that conveys the processes taking place in nature (by Stravinsky), and as a colorful painting, containing the manifold manifestations of the charm of the surrounding world (by the Impressionists).

Landscape images in music allow us to see how much music has learned from painting in conveying the appearance, the vision of nature. And maybe, thanks to such music, our perception of nature becomes richer, fuller, more emotional? We begin to see and feel the details better, to comprehend colors and moods, to hear peculiar music in everything. “Nothing in terms of musicality can compare with the sunset," wrote C. Debussy, and this musicality of the perception of the world becomes equal to the perception of its boundless beauty. The ability to such a perception is the secret of the spirituality of a person - the highest of all principles inherent in him.

Art tells about the beauty of the Earth.

Landscape in music, literature, painting.

A. Pushkin called art a "magic crystal", through the boundaries

which people, objects and phenomena around us are seen in a new way

the usual life.

At all times, painters, composers and writers embody in their works various natural phenomena that worried them. Through the feelings and experiences that arise when they perceive the majestic sea or mysterious stars, endless plains or the smooth bend of a river, they convey their vision of the world.

Thanks to works of art - literary, musical, picturesque - nature appears before readers, listeners, spectators always different: majestic, sad, tender, jubilant, grieving, touching. These images continue to attract a person, touching the thinnest strings of his soul, help to touch the unique beauty of his native nature, to see the unusual in what is familiar and everyday, give everyone the opportunity to develop a sense of belonging to their native land, to their father's house.

Landscape (French paysage - a view, an image of a certain area) is a genre dedicated to the depiction of nature. In European art, landscape stood out as an independent genre in the 17th century.

Landscape - poetic and musical painting

History of the development of landscape in Russian painting

Venetsianov and his students were the first to turn to the Russian landscape in their work.

Under blue skies

Great carpets

The snow lies shining in the sun.

The transparent forest alone turns black,

And the spruce turns green through the frost,

And the river shines under the ice.

A.S. Pushkin. ("Winter morning")

Slide 1 "Winter" Nikifor Krylov. (1802-1831)

Nikifor Krylov painted his painting "Winter" in 1827. This was the first Russian winter landscape.

Krylov painted the landscape, seen from the window of the workshop, within a month. The outskirts of the village appear, the inhabitants are busy with their daily activities: in the foreground, a woman with a yoke is carrying full buckets of water, a man is leading a horse towards her by the bridle, behind a woman with a yoke are two other women who have stopped to talk. A forest can be seen in the distance, and beyond it an endless plain. All around is white snow, bare trees. The author masterfully captured the atmosphere of the Russian winter. Such a surprisingly sincere and simple winter landscape is a rare phenomenon in Russian painting of the first half of the 19th century. The painting was first presented at an exhibition at the Academy of Arts, where it was well greeted by contemporaries who noted "the charmingly captured winter illumination, the nebula and all the differences in the cold that is well preserved in memory."

Tretyakov Gallery.

The landscapes of Grigory Soroka, Venetsianov's favorite student, are captivating and sad. And it's scary to break this silence. As if waking up, nature will lose irrevocable kindness and bliss and peace. Grigory Sorokin - serf landowner Milyukov.Grigory Vasilievich Soroka (1823-1864)Grigory Vasilievich Soroka is a student of A.G. Venetsianov, one of the most talented and beloved. Serf man of Tver landowner N.P. Milyukov, neighbor and good friend of A.G. Venetsianov. Soroka, taken by the master to his courtyard in the estate "Ostrovki", apparently was noticed there by the artist, and, with the permission of Miliukov, the master took him to his village of Safonkovo. Like all of Venetsianov's students, Soroka works mainly from nature, draws a lot, writes landscapes, portraits, interiors. A.G. Venetsianov tried to redeem him out of captivity, but did not succeed due to his tragic death. After his death, Grigory Vasilyevich Soroka ended his life by suicide.

And only almost a quarter of a century later, an artist was destined to appear in Russian art, about whom the poet could say: "He breathed life with nature, he understood babbling by the stream, and he understood the sound of wood leaves and he heard the vegetation of herbs ..." Savrasov. He tried to find even in the simplest, ordinary, those intimate, deeply touching, often sad features that are so strongly felt in the Russian landscape and so irresistibly affect the soul.

In 1871 Savrasov created his famous masterpiece - the painting "The Rooks Have Arrived" (Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow). He painted it from life in the village of Molvitino, Kostroma province. The artist loved to depict spring, and in this picture he managed to subtly and convincingly show its first signs: darkened March snow, melt water, air saturated with spring moisture, the sky covered with dark clouds, birds scurrying over their nests. Every detail of the landscape expresses a keen sense of anticipation of spring. This is probably why the picture was so fond of the Russian viewer, in the harsh and long winter, impatiently awaiting the arrival of spring and its first messengers - rooks.

The painting, shown in a traveling art exhibition, attracted the attention of many. Renowned art historian Alexandre Benois called her a guiding star for a whole generation of 19th century landscape painters. I.N. Kramskoy, who saw the canvas at the exhibition, said about it as follows: “The landscape of Savrasov is the best, and it is really beautiful, although Bogolyubov… and Shishkin are right there. But all these are trees, water and even air, and the soul is only in "Rooks" ".

People, as if for the first time saw in their paintings both transparent spring air, and birch trees that are full of spring sap; heard the cheerful, hopeful, joyful hubbub of birds. And the sky does not seem so gray and bleak, and the spring mud consoles, pleases the eye. That, it turns out, what a Russian nature she is - gentle, thoughtful, touching! It is thanks to the painting Alexey Kondratievich Savrasov(1830-1897) “The Rooks Have Arrived” Russian artists felt the song of Russian nature, and Russian composers felt the landscape of Russian folk song.

The landscape of Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin "In the wild north ..." was written in 1891 to the motive of the poem "Pine" by M. Yu. Lermontov. The work is done on canvas in oil. This work is kept in the Kiev Museum of Russian Art. On the canvas, we see a pine tree that stands on the edge of a cliff and at any moment is ready to fall under the weight of the snow, which has covered its branches-arms in flakes. The top of a pine tree looks like the head of an eagle, which is about to fall off, flap its wings and, with relief, will be freed from the unbearable weight. The gloomy dark blue sky is permeated with anxiety. The middle of the pine tree closer to the trunk looks like a skeleton that has lost its flesh-foliage during the winter. This work is imbued with the spirit of loneliness and cold.

Read the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "In the wild north it is lonely"

In the north, the wild is lonely
On the bare top is a pine tree,
And slumbers, swaying, and loose snow
She is dressed like a robe.
And she dreams of everything that is in the distant desert,
In the land where the sun rises
Alone and sad on a cliff with fuel
A beautiful palm tree is growing.

In general, the oak is one of the favorite trees of the landscape painter, who tirelessly portrayed these magnificent titans, created by unpredictable nature. On this canvas, Shishkin's oaks are the magnificent heroes of the forest epic, spreading wide, powerful branches-paws. The trees are illuminated by the rays of the sun, which is about to leave the sky. The time of day shown in the picture is evening. However, Shishkin masterfully emphasizes the unusual play of the luminary on the mighty trunks of oak trees.

Contemporaries called Shishkin “the patriarch of the forest”, and these words very accurately conveyed the artist's attitude to nature and art. The forest, which the painter loved selflessly, became the protagonist of his paintings. Shishkin did not just write nature: he, as a scientist, studied it. The master never tired of repeating to his disciples: “In the study of nature, you should never put an end to it, you cannot say that you have learned it completely and that you don’t need to learn any more”. Shishkin was the first Russian painter of the 19th century to understand the importance and significance of nature studies. He knew the forest perfectly, the structure of every tree and plant.

"If the pictures of the nature of our dear Russia are dear to us, if we want to find our own, truly folk ways, to the depiction of its soulful appearance, then these paths also lie through your mighty forests full of unique poetry." - This is how Viktor Vasnetsov wrote to the landscape painter Ivan Shishkin.

"This boy will still show himself, no one, and he himself, including, does not even know about the possibilities hidden in him." - These are the words of the artist Kramskoy about the Russian artist Fyodor Vasiliev. Vasiliev lived only 23 years, but how much he managed to do. His excited brush told people so much about the greatness and mystery of nature.

Painting "Birch Grove" (1879). The foreground does not show entire trees, but only flexible white trunks. Behind them - the silhouettes of bushes and trees, and around - the emerald green of a swamp with a clearing full of dark water.

The gift of color sensations is a kind of luxury that elevates a person ”- this statement of the scientist Petrashevsky can be fully attributed to the work of Kuindzhi.

“The illusion of light was his God, and there was no artist equal to him in achieving this miracle of painting. Kuindzhi is an artist of light, ”wrote Repin in 1913.

A contemporary of A. Savrasov and I. Shishkin, he brought the magic of light into the landscape. The natural world on his canvases is like a fairytale palace, where wonderful and eternal dreams visit a person.

The unpretentious beauty of the Central Russian strip did not attract the attention of artists for a long time. Boring, monotonous plain landscapes, gray

the sky, the spring thaw or the summer grass withered from the heat ... What is poetic in this?

Russian artists of the 19th century A. Savrasov, I. Levitan, I. Shishkin and others discovered the beauty of their native land.

Levitan's paintings require slow viewing. They do not overwhelm the eye, they are modest and accurate, like Chekhov's stories. So few notes and so much music. The great poet of nature, Levitan, until the end felt the inexplicable beauty of the Russian landscape, and in his paintings he managed to convey love for the Motherland, not embellished with anything, beautiful in its immediacy.

The painting “Fresh wind. Volga ”(1895, Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow). The free wind covers the water with light ripples, fills the sails, drives light clouds across the sky. With the help of sonorous, fresh colors, the master conveys the dazzling whiteness of the steamer and the clouds slightly gilded by the sun, the bright blue of the sky and the river.

In "Quiet Cloister" the artist managed to show a generalized image of nature in a fresh and emotional way. The same motive of the temple, reflected in the calm and transparent river water, was repeated by Levitan in the painting “Evening Bells” (1892, Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow).

Levitan is recognized as one of the most subtle and heartfelt landscape painters. With the work of Levitan, the concept of "mood landscape" entered Russian painting. The ability to objectively convey the beauty of nature in all the variety of its changeable manifestations and at the same time through the landscape to express the state of the human soul, its subtlest experiences were the precious qualities of the artist's talent. The painting "Golden Autumn", imbued with a jubilant mood, is a kind of farewell hymn to the last flowering of nature: the extraordinary brightness of colors, the "burning" of gold of birches, the multicolored cover of the earth. Painted with brilliant skill, the landscape is distinguished by a complex color scheme, a variety of picturesque surfaces, on which textured colorful strokes stand out.

Probably about the pictures “Golden Autumn” and “Fresh Wind. Volga "Grabar wrote:" ... They instilled courage and faith in us, they infected and raised. I wanted to live and work ”.

But Levitan has few such life-affirming and joyful landscapes.

The painting “Spring. Big Water ”(1897, Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow). The coloring of the picture is very harmonious. With the help of the finest color nuances, the artist conveys the fresh beauty of the coming spring. Thin trunks of trees are pierced by dim sunlight. Their fragility and grace are accentuated by clear reflections in the water. This emotional and heartfelt picture of nature conveys the full depth of human feelings and experiences. The presence of a man is reminiscent of a lonely boat on the coast and modest peasant houses on the horizon.

Ples is a small provincial town on the banks of the Volga, where Levitan worked for three years (1888-1890). Here Levitan first found those motives and plots that later immortalized his name, and, at the same time, the name of Ples. Golden Plyos is one of the masterpieces created by Levitan at this time. With amazing sensitivity, this canvas conveys the feeling of pacified silence, the soft glow of the sunset light, the gentle haze of fog floating over the sleeping river ... his blows. Part of the white stone house with a red roof was rented by Levitan for some time.

The philosophical warehouse and dramatic inner world of the artist, his reflections on the frailty of human existence in the face of eternity are revealed.

Painting by Levitan Lake (Rus)(1895, State Russian Museum, St. Petersburg) - the last large painting of the artist, on which he worked for a long time and with inspiration. Perhaps, he did not make so many preparatory studies and sketches for not one of the works. It is known that in the process of creation Lakes the artist more than once went on sketches to the Tver province, to places that once served as the nature for the picture Over eternal rest... But in comparison with the latter in The lake you hear not mourning, but solemn major music of nature. Lake makes a strong impression with its light, festive sound, "chime", combining the high blue sky, on which snow-white clouds float, and the wonderful expanse of the blue lake, on the near shore of which the reeds agitated by the fresh wind turn green, and on the distant shores you can see villages and ascending heads to the sky is white temples and bell towers.

Wonderful day, centuries will pass

They will also be in eternal order

The river flows and sparkles

And the fields breathe in the heat.

Fedor Tyutchev

Read words of the Russian poet I. Bunin.

No, it's not the landscape that attracts me

The greedy gaze will not notice the colors,

And what shines in these colors:

Love and joy of being.

How do you understandthe words of the Russian poet I. Bunin?

The French writer A. de Saint Exupery said: "You cannot see the most important thing with your eyes, only the heart is sharp-sighted."

Assignment: o explain the meaning?

Write down into a creative notebook in a prosaic or poetic form of an impression of a natural phenomenon that amazed you with its beauty.

Pick up pieces of music that are in tune with the paintings of Russian artists. What artistic associations do you have in your mind?

Listen to music:

SI Taneev "Pine" to lyrics by Yuri Lermontov.

"You Are My Field" is a Russian folk song.

It is necessary to analyze, compare with the literary text and paintings of artists.

Literary pages

Listen to verses about nature:Native. D. Merezhkovsky

Autumn evening. F. Tyutchev.

Read aloud two literary works written in the 20th century, find intonation, tempo, voice dynamics to convey the emotional state reflected in these works.

All in a melting haze

N. Rylenkov

To an unknown friend

This morning is sunny and dewy, like an undiscovered earth, an unexplored layer of heaven, this is the only morning, no one has yet got up, no one has seen anything, and you yourself see for the first time. The nightingales are singing their spring songs, dandelions are still preserved in calm places, and, perhaps, a lily of the valley whitens in the damp black shade. Lively summer birds began to help the nightingales.<…>The restless chatter of blackbirds was everywhere, and the woodpecker was very tired of looking for live food for his little ones, he sat down on a branch far from them just to rest.

Get up, my friend! Collect the rays of your happiness in a bundle, be brave, start the fight, help the sun! Listen, and the cuckoo has begun to help you. Look, the harrier is swimming above the water: this is not an ordinary harrier, this morning he is the first and only one, and now the magpies, sparkling with dew, went out onto the path<…>... This is the only morning, not a single person has ever seen it all over the world: only you and your unknown friend see it.

And for tens of thousands of years people lived on the earth, saved up, passing on to each other, joy so that you would come, raise it, gathered its arrows in bunches and rejoice. Brave, brave!

And again the soul will expand: fir trees, birches, and I cannot take my eyes off the green candles on the pines and from the young red cones on the trees. Fir-trees, birches, how good it is!

M. Prishvin

Answer the questions;

* What thoughts of a poet and writer, revealing the secrets of native Russian nature, help to feel its beauty? Highlight the keywords that are important to you in these texts.

What works of painting do you associate with these literary images?

Find reproductions of landscapes by Russian artists that are in tune with them.

Artistic and creative tasks

Prepare a computer presentation on "Landscape in literature, music, painting". Justify your choice of artwork.

Imagine yourself as a sound engineer, pick up musical compositions familiar to you, with which you can sound the literary works presented above. Read them to this music.

Listen to music:

Autumn, G. Sviridov;

The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh. Introduction;

Answer the question: Which of these pieces of music is voiced by the poem about the nature of F. Tyutchev?

Remember the music lessons. Listen to the music of Valery Gavrilin again. Is it consonant with the paintings of I. Levitan?

Visible music

Listeners all over the world know and love the masterpieces of musical classics - "The Four Seasons" - a cycle of concerts by the Italian composer XVIII

v. Antonio Vivaldi(1678-1741) and a cycle of Russian piano pieces

composer of the XIX century. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky(1840-1893). Both compositions belong to program music: they have titles and are accompanied by poetic lines - sonnets of the composer himself in Vivaldi's concerts and verses by Russians poets for each of the 12 plays of the cycle Tchaikovsky.

A. Vivaldi "Seasons" for string orchestra.

PI Tchaikovsky "Seasons" - cycle for piano

12 plays - 12 pictures from Tchaikovsky's Russian life received epigraphs from the verses of Russian poets when publishing:

And don't rush to follow the troika
And anxiety in my heart
Quickly extinguish forever. "
N.A. Nekrasov

"Christmastide". December:
Once in the Epiphany evening
The girls wondered
Slipper behind the gate
They threw them off their feet. "
V. A. Zhukovsky

"Snowdrop". April Listen
"Blue clean
Snowdrop: flower,
And next to it is clear
The last snowball.
Last tears
About the past grief
And the first dreams
About happiness otherwise ... "
A. N. Maikov

"White Nights". May Listen
"What a night! What bliss all over!
Thank you, dear midnight land!
From the kingdom of ice, from the kingdom of blizzards and snow
How fresh and clean your May flies! "
A.A. Fet

"Barcarole". June Listen
"Let's go ashore, there are waves
They will kiss our feet
Stars with a mysterious sadness
Will shine above us "
A.N. Pleshcheev

"Song of the Mower". July:
"Wake up, shoulder Swing your hand!
You smell in the face, Wind from noon! "
A. V. Koltsov

"Harvest". August:
"People with families
Began to reap
Root mow
High rye!
Frequent heaps
The sheaves are folded.
From the wagons all night
Music will hide. "
A. V. Koltsov

"Hunting". September:
"It's time, it's time! The horns are blowing:
Hounds in hunting gear
Than the light is already sitting on horses;
Greyhounds jump in packs. "
A.S. Pushkin

In Russian landscapes-moods - poetic, picturesque and musical - images of nature, thanks to the amazing song of intonations, melodies that last like an endless song, like the singing of a lark, convey the lyrical desire of the human soul for beauty, help people to better understand the poetic content of sketches of nature.

These are the words with which he described his impressions of the painting by I. Levitan

"Spring. Big water "connoisseur of Russian painting M. Alpatov:

Thin, like candles, girlish slender birches look like those that have been sung in Russian songs from time immemorial. The reflection of birches in clear water, as it were, constitutes their continuation, their echo,

melodic echo, they dissolve in the water with their roots, their pink branches merge with the blue of the sky. The contours of these bent birches sound like a gentle and sadly mournful flute, separate voices of more powerful trunks burst out of this chorus, all of them are opposed by a high pine trunk and dense spruce greenery.

Pay attention to the epithets in the description of the painting. Why did the author use musical comparisons?

I can imagine what a charm we now have in Russia - the rivers have flooded, everything comes to life. There is no better country than Russia ... Only in Russia can there be a real landscape painter.

I. Levitan

Why a simple Russian landscape, why a walk in the summer in Russia, in the countryside, through the fields, through the forest, in the evening in the steppe, sometimes brought me to such a state that I lay down on the ground in some kind of exhaustion from the influx of love for nature, those are inexplicable sweet and intoxicating impressions that the forest, steppe, river, village in the distance, modesta little church, in a word, everything that made up the wretched Russian native landscape? Why is all this?

P. Tchaikovsky

What attracts composers and artists to Russian nature?

Complete an optional quest

Listen to excerpts from the programmatic works of A. Vivaldi and P. Tchaikovsky. How does this music make you feel?

Find in them similar and different features, expressive means, which convey the attitude of composers to nature. What makes Russian music different from Italian?

What visual and literary associations do you get under the impression of these works? Match verses to the music played.

Hear modern adaptations of classics that paint nature. What new do modern performers bring to the interpretation of familiar melodies?

Artistic and creative task

Find reproductions of landscape paintings. Write in a creative notebook a short story about one of the paintings, find musical and literary examples for it.

Musical works: PI Tchaikovsky cycle of piano pieces "Seasons"; A. Vivaldi. Concert for stringed instruments "Seasons"; (fragments).

Musical landscape.

Integrated lesson of music and art 6th grade.

Pshenichnaya Tatiana Nikolaevna
art teacher,
and drawing,

Irina Trifonova,

music teacher
SI "Secondary School No. 1"
Akmola region, Kokshetau

Target: Form students' awareness of the relationship between musical and visual arts.

Tasks:

educational: develop the skills of a conscious perception of art;

to consolidate knowledge about the means of music and visual arts;

educational: foster love for art, creativity;

developing: develop "inner" vision, imagination, artistic thinking; encourage children to creative self-expression in the depiction of nature;

development of students' artistic and creative abilities, fantasy, imagination;

Type of: integrated lesson.

View: combined lesson.

Form of work: frontal, individual.

Methods: explanatory and illustrative (conversation, instruction), partly search, demonstration, reproductive.

Interdisciplinary communication: music, fine arts.

Equipment and visibility: multimedia equipment (computer, interactive whiteboard / screen, projector) electronic summary of the lesson "Musical landscape".

Tools and materials: for the teacher - a projector, a music center; for students - gouache, sketchbook, brushes, palette, pencil, eraser, watercolor, sippy cup, brushes, napkin.

Preliminary work: processing and addition of material for the lesson; selection of illustrative material; development and design of an electronic presentation for the lesson; development of cards for training visual memory.

Sound range: P.I. Tchaikovsky "December", "Christmastide" piece for piano from the album "The Four Seasons". A. Vivaldi "Winter" from the cycle "Seasons". Song V. Udartsev "Rain - Artist". The song "Hymn to Music".

Visual range: A. Savrasov "Winter Landscape". And Vasnetsov "Winter Morning". Samples of students' drawings.

Expected Result: students understand the relationship between musical and visual arts.

Lesson structure: 1. Organizational stage. 2. Introductory conversation. 3. Performing a song. 4. Conversation. 5. Group work. 6. Performing creative work. 7. Review and analysis of students' work. 8. Summing up the lesson. 9. Briefing on homework.

During the classes:

1. Organizing time. Greetings. Checking readiness for the lesson.

2. Music teacher: Today we have an unusual lesson with you. Today in the lesson we will talk about musical pictures, pictures of nature. Therefore, the topic of our lesson is called "Musical Landscape".

(Slide: Saying on whiteboard)

Fine art teacher:

Man is inextricably linked with nature, he is a part of it. And enjoyment of nature, the desire to find in it consonance with your feelings, your ideals, has always been the source of creativity for writers, artists, composers. The creative process is the same when creating a pictorial, musical or literary image. An artistic image is created only when a real object emotionally affects the artist, when the creator turns on his "inner ear", tries to transfer his inner feelings, emotional assessment to the language of colors, sounds, words. V. Okudzhava very succinctly expressed the essence of the creative process

Music teacher: Everyone writes what he hears.
Everyone hears how he breathes.
As he breathes, he writes,
Not trying to please ...

Fine art teacher: I will ask a riddle, and you will guess it

I have a pencil

Multi-colored gouache,

Watercolor, palette, brush

And a thick sheet of paper,

And also - a tripod easel,

Because I am ... an artist

Music teacher: Guys, we have in our repertoire the song "Rain - Artist". Let's sing.

3. Song performance:"Rain - Artist" by V. Udartsev for the whole class.

4. Conversation.

Fine art teacher: What genre is rain depicted in?

Of course, rain is most often depicted in landscapes.

Let's remember what a landscape is?

Indeed, a landscape (from the French Paysage, from pays - country, area) is a genre of fine art (as well as individual works of this genre), in which the main subject of the image is the pristine nature, or to some extent transformed by man.

(Select a landscape from the reproductions on the slide).

Now let's see the works of famous landscape painters.

(There are slides with a landscape of famous artists).

Nature is always a mystery to us. The more mysterious a natural phenomenon, the more attention it attracts to itself, makes you think. One of these mysterious phenomena is the change of seasons.

Music teacher: In music, many composers have addressed the theme "Seasons". So the famous Italian composer and violinist Antonio Vivaldi (portrait of the composer), composed the famous cycle "Seasons", consisting of four concerts "Winter", "Spring", "Summer" and "Autumn".

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky - Russian composer (portrait of the composer on the blackboard) also composed the piano cycle The Seasons, which included 12 small pieces, and each piece has its own name for the composer.

1) And which Austrian composer, with whom we met you at the lesson not so long ago, has a work with the same name "The Seasons"?

Joseph Haydn, an Austrian composer.

Excerpts from the works of Antonio Vivaldi and Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky will now be performed. Listen carefully to the music and answer the question:

2) What time of year did the composers depict in their works? (Excerpts from the works of composers are heard.)

It is true that the concert "Winter" from the cycle "The Seasons" by Antonio Vivaldi was performed by the string orchestra and the piece December entitled "Christmastide" from the cycle "The Seasons" by PI Tchaikovsky.

3) In the performance of what instrument did the concert sound?

Piano.

4) What is Christmas time? (Information about Christmas time is prepared by one of the students in the class.)

Student: Christmastide is the twelve-day period between the feast of the Nativity of Christ and the feast of the Baptism of the Lord. Many traditions of cheerful celebration have survived to this day: carols, games, visits. (Christmas time slide)

5) How would you describe these two pieces of music dedicated to winter? Think about the fact that winter is different.

6) What winter was in Antonio Vivaldi's music? Describe it with adjectives, and what about PI Tchaikovsky?

7) Did you notice that the rhythm of what dance sounded in the play "Christmastide"?

Fine art teacher: Tell me guys, is it possible to see the music? What images did you see while listening to the music? (Children answer - winter, snow, blizzard, wind, etc.)

5. Group work.

Music teacher:1 task: Q&A on music and art from teachers. 2 questions for the team.

Fine art teacher: Which Renaissance artist's manuscripts contain sketches of designs for a helicopter, a parachute, and a submarine? (Leonardo da Vinci)

Music teacher: The Russian composer who composed the ballets The Nutcracker, The Sleeping Beauty, Swan Lake? (Tchaikovsky).

Fine art teacher: What is the name of the genre of fine art when artists draw animals (animalistic genre)

Music teacher: A musical performance in which the characters sing? (Opera).

Fine art teacher: The theory is that a mixture of red, green, and blue will be black, but real dyes absorb and reflect light in different ways. What color will you get in practice? (Gray)

Music teacher: This Austrian composer is called the "king of the waltz", who is he? (Strauss)

2 task "It is interesting" (students tell pre-prepared interesting facts from the world of music and visual arts)

Student: The Milan Conservatory is named after Giuseppe Verdi, although in 1833 he was refused admission. Young Verdi was told that he was 4 years older than the usual age of admission, not a citizen of the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom and lacked musical talent.

Student: The Belgian master Adolphe Sachs, who invented the saxophone, originally named it quite differently - the mouthpiece ophicleide. Only two years later, his friend composer Berlioz called the new instrument a saxophone in a magazine article, and this name stuck much more readily.

Student: It is believed that Pablo Picasso is the most famous painter in the world. His paintings are of great value, but in the early years of his life in Paris, Picasso was so poor that he sometimes had to heat his paintings instead of firewood. Picasso's full name consists of 23 words: Pablo-Diego-Jose-Francisco-de-Paula-Juan-Nepomuceno-Maria de los-Remedios-Cypriano de la Santisima-Trinidad-Martyr-Patricio-Clito-Ruiz- i-Picasso.

Student: Leonardo da Vinci could draw with one hand and write with the other at the same time. Leonardo da Vinci was a strict vegetarian, and never drank cow's milk, as he considered it theft. He was also an animal rights advocate, buying caged birds only to set them free.

6. Performing creative work.

Challenge:"We draw - we represent". How to paint a winter landscape using the Splatter technique

7. Review and analysis of students' work.

Music teacher: Guys, do you know that many classical pieces sound in modern processing. We would like to bring to your attention a very beautiful video.

Maybe you will recognize the familiar music that will now sound in this video.

(A video is shown on the board).

Pay attention to the beautiful winter landscape that surrounds the musicians.

So what familiar music have you heard in this video? (Cold hearted)

The video is being discussed.

8. Lesson summary.

Music teacher: Guys, what was interesting and attractive about this topic?

Fine art teacher: What new have you learned? What would you like to know more about? (Students express their own opinion on the topic being studied, share their impressions).

9. Briefing on homework. Draw a musical landscape.

I would like to finish our lesson with a wonderful positive song "Hymn to Music" (song performance: "Hymn to Music" for the whole class.)

Thanks for your work. The lesson is over.