Ostrovsky what works he wrote. The most famous plays by A.N. Ostrovsky

“Columbus Zamoskvorechye”, the author of the plays that turned Russian drama into “real” literature, is A. N. Ostrovsky, whose works since the middle of the 19th century have become the main ones in the repertoire of the Maly Theater in Moscow. Everything that he wrote was done not for reading, but for staging on stage. The result of 40 years was the original (about 50), co-authored, revised and translated plays.

Sources of inspiration"

All of Ostrovsky's works are based on constant observations of the life of various classes, mainly merchants and local nobility.

The playwright's childhood and adolescence were spent in Zamoskvorechye - an old district of Moscow, which was mainly inhabited by the bourgeoisie. Therefore, Ostrovsky was well acquainted with the way of life and the peculiarities of intra-family, and by the middle of the 19th century there are more and more so-called "businessmen" - they will enter the new merchant class.

The work in the Moscow office where Alexander Nikolaevich entered in 1843 turned out to be very useful. 8 years of observing numerous litigations and quarrels between merchants and relatives allowed us to accumulate valuable material on the basis of which the best works of Ostrovsky will be written.

In the work of a playwright, it is customary to distinguish 4 main periods. Each was marked by a special approach to depicting reality and the emergence of striking plays.

1847-1851 years. First experiences

Essays, written in the spirit of the "natural school" and in accordance with the traditions laid down by Gogol, brought the beginning writer the title of "Columbus of Zamoskvorechye." But pretty soon they were replaced by plays that completely supplanted the epic genres.

Ostrovsky's first work is "A Family Picture", first read by the author at an evening with S. Shevyrev. However, the fame brings "Bankrut", later renamed "Our people - numbered!" The reaction to the play was instant. The censorship immediately banned it (written in 1849, hit the stage only in 1861), and V. Odoyevsky put it on a par with "Minor", "Woe from Wit" and "Inspector General". For several years, the work was successfully read in circles and at literary evenings, providing the young author with universal recognition.

1852-1855 years. "Moskvityanin" period

This is the time when Ostrovsky joined the "young editorial board" of the magazine, which preached the ideas of soil cultivation and took an interest in merchants. Representatives of the social class, not associated with serfdom and not cut off from the people, could become, according to A. Grigoriev, a new force capable of influencing the development of Russia. Only 3 works of Ostrovsky belong to this period, one of which is “Poverty is not a vice”.

The plot is based on the image of relations in the family of the merchant Tortsov. An imperious and oppressive father, Gordey, plans to marry his daughter, in love with a poor clerk, for a clever and rich Korshunov. a new generation that will never miss its own. Lyubim manages to convince his tyrant brother - inclined to drunkenness, not having accumulated a fortune, but in all the following moral laws. As a result, the matter is resolved happily for Lyuba, and the playwright claims the victory of Russian and traditions over European ones.

1856-1860 years. Rapprochement with Sovremennik

The works of this period: "A profitable place", "A hangover in someone else's feast" and, of course, "The Thunderstorm" - were the result of rethinking the role of patriarchal merchants in the life of the country. It no longer attracted the playwright, but more and more acquired the features of tyranny and desperately tried to resist everything new and democratic (the result of the influence of the commoners from Sovremennik). This "dark kingdom" was most vividly shown in the only tragedy of the playwright "The Thunderstorm". Here young people appear who do not want to put up with the laws of the house of construction.

Analyzing the works created in the 40-50s, he called A. N. Ostrovsky a truly "people's poet", which emphasized the scale of the paintings he depicted.

1861-1886 years. Mature creativity

During the 25 post-reform years of his activity, the playwright wrote vivid works, varied in genre and theme. They can be combined into several groups.

1. A comedy about the life of the merchant class: "Truth is good, but happiness is better", "Not all the carnival for the cat."
2. Satire: "Wolves and Sheep", "Mad Money", "Forest", etc.
3. "Pictures of Moscow life" and "prices from the boondocks" about "little" people: "Hard days", "An old friend is better than two new ones", etc.
4. Chronicles on a historical theme: "Kozma Zakharyich Minin-Sukhoruk" and others.
5. Psychological drama: "The Last Victim", "Dowry".

The play-fairy tale "Snow Maiden" stands apart.

The works of recent decades acquire tragic and philosophical and psychological features and are distinguished by artistic perfection and a realistic approach to depiction.

Creator of the national theater

Centuries pass, but the works of Alexander Nikolayevich Ostrovsky are still sold out on the leading stages of the country, confirming the phrase of I. Goncharov: "... after you we ... can proudly say: we have our own Russian national theater." “Poor Bride” and “Don't Sit in Your Sleigh”, “The Marriage of Balzaminov” and “The Heart Is Not a Stone”, “There Wasn't a Penny, But Suddenly Altyn” and “Enough Simplicity for Every Wise Man” ... This list is known to every theater-goer the names of Ostrovsky's plays can be continued for a long time. Thanks to the skill of the playwright, a special world came to life on the stage, filled with problems that will always worry humanity.

Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky

Collected Works in Sixteen Volumes

Volume 1. Plays 1847-1854

From the editorial board

This publication, carried out by the decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated May 11, 1948, is the first complete collection of works by the great Russian playwright Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky, including his epistolary legacy.

The first collected works of A. N. Ostrovsky were published in 1859 in two volumes by G. A. Kushelev-Bezborodko. In 1867-1870. a collection of works in five volumes appeared in the edition of D. E. Kozhanchikov. These publications were carried out with the direct participation of the author. In 1874, with the participation of N.A.Nekrasov as a publisher, an eight-volume collection of Ostrovsky's works was published. In 1878, in the edition of Salaev, an additional volume IX was published and in 1884, in the edition of Kehribirji, vol. X.

The last collected works, which appeared during the life of A. N. Ostrovsky, were published in 1885-1886. in ten volumes, published by N. G. Martynov. Due to illness, the playwright was unable to take part in the proofreading of his works. In this regard, the last lifetime edition contains many misprints and, in a number of cases, direct distortions of Ostrovsky's texts.

Collected works that came out after Ostrovsky's death were a simple reprint of Martynov's edition. The first experience in the scientific publication of the works of the great playwright was the "Complete Works of A. N. Ostrovsky" in ten volumes, published in 1904-1905. in the publication "Education" edited by the artist of the Alexandria Theater MI Pisarev. Preparing this collection of works, Pisarev checked the printed texts with the autographs at his disposal, correcting in a number of cases errors in previous editions. In 1909, two additional volumes of plays by A. N. Ostrovsky, written jointly with P. M. Nevezhin and N. Ya. Soloviev, were published in the same edition.

After the Great October Socialist Revolution, according to the decision of the Soviet government, the State Publishing House published in 1919-1926. "Works by A. N. Ostrovsky in 11 volumes" edited by N. N. Dolgov (1-10 vols.) and B. Tomashevsky and K. Halabaev (11 t.) supplemented with new materials. However, this edition, as well as the previous ones, by no means exhausted the entire rich literary heritage of the great playwright, in particular, none of the editions included Ostrovsky's letters.

Along with the publication of collected works during the years of Soviet power, many of Ostrovsky's plays were published in mass editions. During this time, several one-volume editions of selected works by Ostrovsky were also published.

In the collected works published before the October Revolution, Ostrovsky's works were edited by the tsarist censorship. Soviet textual critics have done a great job of restoring the original, not distorted text of the works of A. N. Ostrovsky.

In preparing this complete collection of works, all manuscript materials were used from the Moscow and Leningrad state repositories. This edition aims to provide a complete set of A. Ostrovsky's works, verified by manuscripts and authorized editions. Ostrovsky's works are given in chronological order. The list of characters in each play is given according to the authorized editions, that is, either at the beginning of the play, or by actions and scenes. Each of the volumes is accompanied by short notes, which provide information of a historical and literary nature.

Family picture *

Antip Antipych Puzatov, merchant, 35 years old.

Matryona Savishna, his wife, 25 years old.

Marya Antipovna, Puzatov's sister, girl, 19 years old.

Stepanida Trofimovna, Puzatov's mother, 60 years old.

Paramon Ferapontych Shiryalov, merchant, 60 years old.

Daria, maid of the Puzatovs.

A room in Puzatov's house, tastelessly furnished; above the sofa there are portraits, on the ceiling, birds of paradise, on the windows, colorful drapes and bottles of tincture. Marya Antipovna is sitting by the window, at the embroidery frame.

Marya Antipovna (sews and sings in an undertone).

Black color, dark color
You are always dear to me.

(Thinks and leaves work.) So the summer is already passing, and September is outside, and you sit within four walls, like some kind of nun, and don't go to the window. Where as antiresno! (Silence.) Well, perhaps, don't let it go! lock it up! tyrannize! And my sister and I will take time off for the all-night vigil at the monastery, get dressed, and ourselves will distinguish ourselves in the park or in Sokolniki. We must somehow get up on cunning. (Works. Silence.) Why is it that Vasily Gavrilych has never passed by today? .. (Looking out the window.) Sister! sister! the officer is coming! .. hurry up, sister! .. with a white feather!

Matryona Savishna (runs in)... Where, Masha, where?

Marya Antipovna... Here, take a look. (Both look.) Bows. Oh, what! (They hide out the window.)

Matryona Savishna... What a cute one!

Marya Antipovna... Sister, sit here: maybe she will go back.

Matryona Savishna... And what are you, Masha! If you teach him, he will drive by five times every day. Afterwards, you will not be untied with him. I already know these military men. Vaughn Anna Markovna taught the hussar: he drives by, and she looks and smiles. Well, my lady, he is on horseback in the passage and rode in.

Marya Antipovna... Oh, what a thrill!

Matryona Savishna... That's what it is! There was nothing like that, but fame went all over Moscow ... (Looking out the window.) Well, Masha, Daria is coming. What will she say?

Marya Antipovna... Oh, little sister, how could mama get her!

Daria runs in.

Darya... Well, mother Matryona Savishna, I was completely caught! I was running, madam, up the stairs, and Stepanida Trofimovna was right there just the same. Well, for silk, they say, I ran to the shop. And then it comes to everything with us. Yesterday the clerk Petrusha ...

Marya Antipovna... But what are they?

Darya... Yes! ordered to bow. Here, madam, I come to them: Ivan Petrovich is lying on the sofa, and Vasily Gavrilych is on the bed ... or, I mean, Vasily Gavrilych is on the Sofa. You've smoked tobacco, madam, you just can't breathe.

Matryona Savishna... What did they say?

Darya... And they said, my lady, that they would certainly, he says, come to Ostankino today, that way at Vespers, he says. Yes, you say, Daria, tell them to come without fail, even though it will rain, everyone would come.

Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky; Russian Empire, Moscow; 03/31/1823 - 06/02/1886

A.N. Ostrovsky. He left behind a significant contribution not only to Russian, but also to world literature. Plays of AN Ostrovsky are still very popular today. This allowed the playwright to take a high place in our rating, and his works to be presented in other ratings of our site.

AN Ostrovsky biography

Ostrovsky was born in Moscow. His father was a priest, and his mother was the daughter of a sexton. But, unfortunately, Alexander's mother passed away when he was only 8 years old. The father remarried the daughter of a Swedish nobleman. The stepmother turned out to be a good woman and devoted a lot of time to her adopted children.

Thanks to his father's large library, Alexander became addicted to literature early. The father wanted his son to be a lawyer. That is why, immediately after graduating from the gymnasium, Ostrovsky went to study at the law faculty of Moscow University. But he did not graduate from the university, because of a quarrel with a teacher, but went to court as a clerk. It was here that Ostrovsky saw many episodes from his first comedy - "The Insolvent Debtor". Subsequently, this comedy was renamed "Our people - we will be numbered."

This debut work by Ostrovsky was scandalous, as it represented the class of merchants badly enough. Because of this, the life of AN Ostrovsky has become significantly more complicated, although writers such as highly appreciated this work. Since 1853, Ostrovsky has become more and more popular to read, his new works are staged at the Maly and Alexandrinsky Theaters. Since 1856, Ostrovsky can be read in the Sovremennik magazine, where almost all of his works are published.

In 1960, Ostrovsky's "Thunderstorm" appears, which you can read on our website. This work deserves the most rave reviews from critics. Subsequently, the author receives more and more respect and recognition. In 1863 he was awarded the Uvarov Prize and was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. The year 1866 of A.N. Ostrovsky's life also becomes special. This year he founded the Artistic Circle, of which he is a member, and many other famous writers. But, despite this, Alexander Nikolaevich does not stop there, and works on new works, until his death.

Plays of AN Ostrovsky on the site Top books

Ostrovsky got into our rating with the work "The Thunderstorm". This play is considered one of the best works of the author, so it is not surprising that Ostrovsky's "The Thunderstorm" is loved to read, despite the age of the work. At the same time, interest in the play is quite stable, which can only be achieved by a truly significant work. You can get acquainted with the works of Ostrovsky in more detail below.

All works of AN Ostrovsky

1. Family picture
2. Unexpected case
3. Young man's morning
4. Poor bride
5. Don't get in your sleigh
6. Don't live the way you want
7. Hangover in someone else's feast
8. Plum
9. Festive sleep before lunch
10. Did not get along
11. Pupil
12. an old friend is better than two new ones
13. Your dogs squabble, stranger do not bother
14. The marriage of Balzaminov
15. Kozma Zakharyich Minin-Sukhoruk
16. Hard days
17. Sin and trouble who does not live on
18. Voivode
19. Jokers
20. In a busy place
21. The abyss
22. Dmitry the Pretender and Vasily Shuisky
23. Tushino
24. Vasilisa Melentieva
25. For every wise man, simplicity is enough
26. Warm heart
27. Crazy money
28. Every day is not Sunday
29. There was not a penny, but suddenly altyn
30. 17th century comedian
31. Late love
32. Labor bread
33. Wolves and Sheep
34. Rich brides
35. Truth is good, but happiness is better
36. Marriage of Belugin
37. The last sacrifice
38. Kind master
39. Savage
40. Heart is not a stone
41. Slaves
42. Shines, but does not warm
43. Guilty without guilt
44. Talents and fans
45. Handsome man
46. Not of this world

The purpose of the lesson. A.N. Ostrovsky Drama "Dowry". At first glance, the first two phenomena are exposition. The symbolic meaning of names and surnames. Paratov Sergey Sergeevich. Usually the name of Ostrovsky's plays is sayings, proverbs. Karandyshev. Creative ideas of A.N. Ostrovsky. Characters. Discussion of the image of L.I. Ogudalova. Analysis of the drama "Dowry". What do we learn about Paratov.

"Heroes of the Snow Maiden" - Songs. Cold creature. Great strength. Snow Maiden. What heroes are only fabulous. A.N. Ostrovsky. The image of Lelya. Morning of love. Heroes. Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov. Winter's Tale. The finale of the opera. Characters. Shepherd's horn. Ideals of the author. Scene. Love. The element of Russian folk rituals. The power and beauty of nature. Respect for the cultural traditions of the people. V.M. Vasnetsov. Kupava and Mizgir. Father Frost.

"The play" Dowry "- Final scene. "Dowry". But the ability to get carried away and extravagance do not at all reject sober calculation. The relationship between Larisa and Paratov is reminiscent of the relationship between a predator and a prey. The former merchants are turning into millionaire entrepreneurs. Katerina is a truly tragic heroine. Like Katerina, Larisa belongs to women with a “warm heart”. Like an unprecedentedly high-speed steamer, like a luxurious villa.

"Ostrovsky's play" The Thunderstorm "- Read expressively Katerina's monologue in the scene of repentance. What order prevails in the city? (Confirm the answer with the text). Tikhon is kind, sincerely loves Katerina. What is the heroine struggling with: with a sense of duty or with the "dark kingdom"? Did Katerina have any other way out besides death? Why is Katerina left alone with her grief? Prove the truth of the words of N. Dobrolyubov. Under what conditions? Kabanova Marfa Ignatievna is the embodiment of despotism, covered by hypocrisy.

"Heroes of the Thunderstorm" - Features of Ostrovsky's style. Portrait of Ostrovsky. Alexander Nikolaevich Ostrovsky. The play "The Thunderstorm" was written in 1859. N.A. Dobrolyubov. Public activities of A.N. Ostrovsky. Conversation on the perception of the play. The main theme is "Thunderstorms". The meaning of the title. The behavior is hypocritical. National Theater. Reception of contrast. The most famous plays by A.N. Ostrovsky. Curly. Monument to A.N. Ostrovsky. Katerina's protest. Dictionary.

"Ostrovsky's play" Dowry "" - Poetic lines. Skills of expressing your thoughts. A sad song about a dowry woman. Problematic issues. What is Karandyshev. Love for Larisa. What kind of man is Paratov. Analysis of the play. Acquiring text analysis skills. Larissa's groom. What gives the gypsy song to the play and the film. Ostrovsky. Shot by Karandyshev. The mystery of Ostrovsky's play. Romance. Cruel romance. Does Larisa need Paratov. Gypsy song.