Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol: list of works, description and reviews. What works of Gogol are devoted to historical themes? Poem "Dead Souls"

What works of Gogol are devoted to historical themes? Gogol himself carefully studied history, lectured on history. Tell us about one of the writer's works related thematically to the history of Ukraine or Russia.

Answer

The story "Taras Bulba" is fully devoted to the historical theme. In "Evenings ..." there are historical motives - descriptions of Vakula's flight to St. Petersburg during the time of Catherine II, but in general it would be wrong to call "Evenings ..." a work on a historical theme.

"Taras Bulba" is included in the collection written by Gogol after "Evenings ...". - "Mirgorod" (1835).

At the beginning of the 19th century, the European and Russian readers were struck by the novels of Walter Scott. Russian society doubted: is it possible to create such a work based on the material of Russian history? Gogol proved that it was possible, but did not become the second Walter Scott: he created a unique work based on historical material.

N.V. Gogol, while working on the story, was seriously engaged in history. read chronicles and historical acts. But in the story, he did not describe specific historical events and battles. in which the Cossacks participated in the XV-XVII centuries. Another thing was important for him: to convey the lively spirit of that rebellious time, as the folk songs performed by the bandura players traveling around Ukraine conveyed this spirit. In his article “On Little Russian Songs” (published in “Arabesques”) Gogol wrote: “The historian should look in them for indications of the day and number of the battle or for an accurate explanation of the place, the correct rela- tionship: in this respect, few songs will help him. But when he wants to know the true way of life, the elements of character, all the curves and shades of feelings, excitement, suffering, gaiety of the depicted people, when he wants to experience the spirit of the past century ... then he will be completely satisfied; the history of the people will be exposed to him in clear greatness. "

One of the ancient meanings of the noun "slash" is a notch, a blockage of trees, which served as a fortification. The name of the center of the organization of Ukrainian Cossacks originated from the name of such a fortification: Zaporizhzhya Sich. The main fortification of the Cossacks was located behind the Dnieper rapids, often on the island of Khortytsya, which is now located within the city of Zaporozhye. The island is large in area, its shores are rocky, steep, in some places about forty meters high. Khortytsya was the center of the Cossacks.

The Zaporizhzhya Sich is an organization of Ukrainian Cossacks that emerged in the 16th century. When the Tatars ravaged Kievan Rus, the northern territories began to unite under the rule of the Moscow princes. The princes of Kiev and Chernigov were killed in fierce battles, and the central lands of the former Kievan Rus were left without power. The Tatars continued to ravage the rich lands, later they were joined by the Ottoman Empire, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, then Poland. The inhabitants who inhabited these lands, in contrast to the Tatars, Muslim Turks and Catholic Poles, professed Orthodoxy. They sought to unite and protect their land from the raids of predatory neighbors. In this struggle, the Ukrainian nationality took shape in the central lands of the former Kievan Rus.

The Zaporizhzhya Sich was not a state organization. It was created for military purposes. Until 1654, that is, before the reunification of Ukraine with Russia, the Sich was a Cossack "republic": the main issues were decided by the Sich Council. The Sich was headed by the koshev ataman and was divided into kuren (kuren - a military unit and its living quarters). At different times, there were up to thirty-eight kurens. The Sich waged war with the Crimean Khan, the Ottoman Empire and the Polish-Ukrainian authorities.

The folk character of the story was manifested in the fact that its theme was the story of the Cossack Taras Bulba and his sons; many scenes of the story are similar in content to Ukrainian folk historical songs; the heroes of the story are Cossacks who defend the independence of their native land from Polish rule.

When reading some episodes (descriptions of battles), one gets the impression that we are facing not a prosaic text, but a heroic song performed by folk storytellers.

Gogol creates the image of a narrator - a storyteller who seems to experience all the changes in the course of the battle together with the heroes and on whose behalf regrets and exclamations sound: “Cossacks, Cossacks! do not give out the best color of your army! " It would be wrong to consider these lines as statements on behalf of the author.

Gogol gives the Zaporozhian heroes a resemblance to epic heroes: the Cossacks are fighting for their native land, for the Christian faith, and the author describes their exploits in an epic style: and put it "; “There, where the Nezainovites passed - so there is the street where they turned - so there is a side street! So you can see how the ranks thinned and the Poles fell in sheaves! ”; “And so they were cut! Both the shoulder pads and the mirror were bent by the blows. "

The folklore character is given to the scene of the second battle by the triple exclamation of Taras Bulba, the chief chieftain: “Is there still gunpowder in the flasks? Has the Cossack strength not weakened? Aren't the Cossacks bending? " The Cossacks answer him: “There is still, daddy. gunpowder in powder flasks.

"Be patient, Cossack, - you will be ataman!" - these words are addressed by Taras Bulba to Andriy, who was "noticeably bored" during the siege of the city of Dubna.

"What, son, did your Poles help you?" - says Taras to Andriy, who betrayed the Cossacks.

All these expressions have become aphorisms in our time. The first we say when we talk about the high morale of people; second - when we urge someone to be patient a little in order to achieve a big goal; third, we turn to a traitor who was not helped by his new patrons.

Taras Bulba is the main character of the story. The author describes him as Taras: “Bulba jumped on his Devil, who recoiled madly, feeling a twenty-pound burden on himself, because Bulba was extremely heavy and fat”. He is a Cossack, but not a simple Cossack, but a colonel: “Taras was one of the indigenous, old colonels: he was all created for abusive alarm and was distinguished by the rude directness of his disposition. Then the influence of Poland was already beginning to appear on the Russian nobility. Many already adopted Polish customs, started up luxury, magnificent servants, falcons, hunters, dinners, courtyards. Taras did not like it. He loved the simple life of the Cossacks and quarreled with those of his comrades who were inclined to the Warsaw side, calling them serfs of the Polish lords. Restless forever; he considered himself the legitimate defender of Orthodoxy. "

In the beginning we meet him at his own farm, where he lives in a house with his wife and servants. His house is simple, decorated "in the taste of that time." However, Taras Bulba spends most of his life in the Sich or in military campaigns against the Turks and Poles. He calls his wife the word "old" and treats with contempt all manifestations of feelings, except for courage and daring. He says to his sons: “Your tenderness is an open field and a good horse: here is your tenderness! See this saber! here is your mother! "

Taras Bulba feels like a free Cossack and behaves as the ideas about free life dictate to him: when he is drunk, he breaks dishes in the house; without thinking about his wife, decides to take them to the Sich the very next day after the arrival of the sons; at will, unnecessarily begins to incite the Cossacks on a campaign.

The main values ​​in his life are the struggle for the Christian faith and fellowship, the highest mark is “the good Cossack”. He builds his attitude towards his sons on this basis: he admires the actions of Ostap, elected ataman of the kuren, and kills Andria, who betrayed the Cossacks.

The Cossacks appreciate Taras, respect him as a commander, and after the division of the Cossack army, they choose him as the “chief chieftain”. The character and views of Taras are most clearly manifested when, before the battle, he speaks of partnership, when he encourages the Cossacks for battle and rushes to the aid of his son Ostap. At the tragic moment of Ostap's execution, he finds an opportunity to help him, to raise his spirit, answering him: "I hear!" And then, when the Poles decide to burn him, he tries to help his comrades who got out of the encirclement, shouting that they take boats and escape from the chase.

Talking about the life and death of Taras Bulba, the author reveals his main idea: it was such people who defended the independence of the Russian land, and their main strength was love for their land and faith in comradeship, the brotherhood of the Cossacks.

Ostap and Andrey are two sons of Taras Bulba. With each episode, their characters are drawn more and more vividly, and we see a difference between the sons, which we did not notice before.

Antithesis is the main compositional technique of Taras Bulba. First, the author contrasts the share of an unhappy woman and a cruel age that forms the rude characters of men, while the brothers are described almost the same, only a slight difference in their characters is outlined. In the second chapter, this difference is manifested with even greater force when describing the life of the brothers in the bursa. Bursa is the name of a theological school or theological seminary. Bursa graduates usually became priests. Gogol does not emphasize this, but we remember that the main subject that was studied in the bursa is the Law of God.

The author tells us about the brothers from the point of view of Taras Bulba. The father is proud of his eldest son. "It seemed to Ostap that the battle path and the difficult knowledge of doing military affairs were written in his family." Composure, confidence, discretion, the leader's inclinations - these are the qualities that Taras rejoices in the manifestation of. Ostap seems to merge with the mass of the Cossacks, standing out from it only for a high degree of qualities respected by the Cossacks.

Andriy's insane courage is contrasted with the composure and reasonable actions of his brother. This is a man of the elements; for him the war is full of "the charming music of bullets and swords", he is under the spell of the romantic halo of the struggle for a just cause and, probably, does not realize that he is sowing death.

It is very important to understand that the tendency to introspection, to reflect on one's feelings, on the motives of one's own actions is in many ways an achievement of the 19th and 20th centuries. In our time, people for a long time and consciously develop in themselves the ability to understand themselves, to manage their feelings. At the time described in the story, people did not analyze their feelings: the ray of reason was directed outward, as, for example, in Ostap, and not inward. It was not the person who owned his feeling, but the feeling owned the person, captured him completely. A person became like a slave to his impulse, not understanding what made him change his behavior.

Ostap was kept by his composure and tradition. Andrii was not cold-blooded: his emotionality, irascibility, explosive, choleric temperament, as psychologists would say, dictated to him a different line of behavior.

When the army encircled the city and a long siege began, the Tatar woman passed on the lady's request for a piece of bread for the old mother: “... because I don’t want to see my mother die in my presence. Let me be better before, and she after me. "

Compassion, sympathy, pity, love - those feelings that are blessed with the Gospel. Andrii swears by the holy cross that he will not reveal the secret of the existence of the underground passage.

What did the Cossacks fight for? - complex issue.

Let us recall the words of one of the Cossack messengers: "Such a time has now begun that the holy churches are no longer ours." The Zaporozhian Cossacks went to Poland to "avenge all the evil and shame of faith and Cossack glory, collect booty from the cities, start a fire in the villages and bread, and spread glory about themselves far across the steppe." The main commandment of Christ is “Thou shalt not kill,” the Lord teaches mercy and compassion. The war turns to Andrii not on a romantic, but on a cruel, predatory side.

Andriy sees the Zaporozhians asleep carelessly that they ate enough porridge at a time, which would be enough "for a good three times", and people dying of starvation. And indignation, protest against this side of the war fills his heart. Just as before he was completely seized by the intoxication of battle, so now his soul is captured by compassion, pity and love. The picture of the world in the mind of the hero has completely changed. Andrii, as in a battle, cannot stop to understand what he is experiencing, and the whole stream of his experiences and sensations pours out into a ready-made, familiar form - the form of love passion.

When Taras kills Andriy, he stands motionless in front of his father. What's going on in his soul? Two opposite pictures of the world - with completely different, incompatible values ​​- stand before his eyes. He can no longer choose the first, choosing the second means raising his hand against his father, but Andrii cannot do this either and dies by his hand.

An interesting statement by V.G. Belinsky about "Taras Bulba". The critic called Gogol's story "a poem about love for the motherland." This is certainly true, but one must understand that love for the homeland at different historical times takes on different forms.

Once it is war and battles, once it is peaceful construction, economic development, improvement of state structure, development of the arts.

Gogol's interest in historical subjects (from the life of the European Middle Ages, the author had an unfinished drama "Alfred") in the story "Taras Bulba" (1835) is no longer a mythologization of the past, which was a priority phenomenon not only in folklore works, but mainly in literature since romanticism. The historicism of Taras Bulba itself is only in the heroic and pathetic reproduction of the past, in the perception of that romanticism that did not mythologize the tragic past, did not oppose the truth to the artistic truth of the historical, approaching a realistic interpretation of reality: myth as an aesthetic category was inferior to typification - both images and circumstances.

The main character of the story, Taras Bulba (this figure embodies the best features of the uncompromising popular leaders of the national liberation competitions of the first half of the 17th century - Taras Shake, Ostryanitsa, Pavlyuk, etc.) is not just a national hero, but a representative of the people's life in the corresponding an era with a certain socio-political and spiritual orientation. The historical story of Gogol, despite the brief condensation of events, a clear definition of the main storyline, an epic work, primarily due to the scale of the artistic understanding of human destinies or a particular person against the background of the clash of individual and national, ideological, peacemaking and spiritual and ethical conflicts in the choice of faith and social -moral foundations.

The problem of feeling and duty is ambiguous in its solution from the point of view of various moral and civil imperatives over many eras (it is in folklore, philosophical, religious treatises, in the works of world classics: V. Hugo, M. Lermontov, T. Shevchenko, G. Staritsky, Dostoevsky, revolutionary and post-revolutionary literature - Y. Yanovsky, B. Lavrenev, G. Kulish, I. Dneprovsky, etc.). In "Taras Bulba" Gogol is resolved unambiguously and uncompromisingly: the world where the spirit of the evil one rules, the world of union and apostasy from the prakorenyi faith brings spiritual and moral devastation and destruction to the Russian people. ("Russian" for the writer is his own Russian, which is associated in the minds of the author, characters, readers with the word "Orthodox": the key reason for the national liberation movement is the defense of faith and social justice), and therefore betrayal even in the name of the highest manifestations of human feelings has to be punished. The punishing right hand of the father in relation to the son of the apostate in “Taras Bulba” is the realization of the punishing right hand of God's Judgment over the trampling of faith and the highest truth in the name of egocentrism, selfishness, and selfish interests.

The whole ceremony of admission to the Sich boiled down, first of all, to belonging to the faith, to the conscious defense of the Orthodox faith as a spiritual support, without which the existence of nations is impossible (today's ideological and ideological democracy, which is actually mixed up on alien, pseudo-spiritual concepts, is worth it to know), people, families.

* "- Hello! What, do you believe in Christ?
* -I believe! - answered the parishioner.
* -And do you believe in the Holy Trinity?
* -I believe!
* -And you go to church? I go!
* -Well, cross yourself! The one who came was baptized.
* -Well, good, - answered Koshevoy.

* - go to the kuren.

This ended the whole ceremony. And the whole Sich prayed in one church and was ready to defend it to the last drop of blood ... ”. It is characteristic that Gogol's notions of “Russian” and “Orthodox” are identical (the word “Ukrainian” was not used even later in the works of T. Shevchenko), and Cossack Ukraine was associated with a land that was a stronghold of faith and freedom, while the Cossacks themselves were nowhere in no way oppose the Moscow Movement - they fight against the Lyakhs, Turks, Tatars as eternal enslavers (today's effort to make adjustments to history, to rape it on its own, works not just against the classics - Gogol or Shevchenko - but against the people themselves as the main bearer historical memory).

Orthodoxy itself, for Gogol, is a faith that unites and solidarizes, is a kind of alternative to individualism, greed, egocentrism and thus opposes the alien (primarily Western) values ​​of the Russian soul.

Colonel Taras's words about brotherhood and solidarity of the Zaporozhye army. "I would like to tell you, gentlemen, what our partnership is ... There were comrades in the second lands, but there were no such comrades like on the Russian land ..." They express not only pride in those eternal moral foundations on which love rests , family, clan, Fatherland, but also pain for the future, since the Christian populace inculcates foreign values, the worship of mammon, greed, debauchery, which, first of all, will contribute to the enslavement of human souls and families in general: ; they only think that they should have haystacks, ricks and their herds of horses, so that there would be targets in their cellars, their sealed honeys.

They adopt the devil knows what basurman customs; they abhor their tongue; he does not want his own with his, he says; sells his own, as they sell a soulless creature in the marketplace. The mercy of a foreign king, and not a king, but the disastrous mercy of the Polish magnate, who beats their face with his yellow chebot, is dearer to them than any brotherhood ... "

As you can see, the author's thoughts, put into the mouth of the Cossack winner Taras (defender of sacred values), are directed not only to contemporaries who are fixated on dubious earthly lures, on admiration for other people's "favors." (Later, TG Shevchenko would brilliantly debunk the immortal "Message ..." for preventing their "fellow countrymen" from the temptations of their "fellow countrymen"), and to future generations: today's, in its own way, tragic information war is an irrefutable confirmation of this.

I would like to point out that it was precisely those sacred values ​​that were proclaimed by Gogol's Taras Bulba that saved our people in the bloody twentieth century, in particular during the Second World War, because in spite of the alien ideology imposed by the Marxists, the people identified the basic postulates of communism with national-Christian foundations. Anonymous authors of the well-known modern bestselling book Project Russia justly point out that communism fulfilled the role of Orthodoxy without God, as, say, today's capitalism is Protestantism without God (in the basis of Protestant theories, luck in enrichment is considered to be God's chosenness.)

Colonel Taras's words that “there are no bonds more holy than comradeship” define the solidarity and spiritual foundations of the Russian people. His own thing on which the state monolith of the once mighty Movement could be held. ("... In what honor was our land: it let the Greeks know about itself, and took chervonets from Constantinople, and took magnificent cities, and churches, and princes. The princes of the Russian clan, their prince, and not Catholic" mistrust ", and then fragmented and plumped by foreign expansion. "All were taken by the busurmans, everything was lost."

Description of the video tutorial

Nikolay Vasilievich was born in Ukraine on March 20, 1809 in the village of Sorochintsy, Mirgorodsky district. He was named Nicholas in honor of the miraculous icon of St. Nicholas. Since the first two children were born dead, the mother, Maria Ivanovna, married at the age of 14, prayed to God for a healthy child. Nikolai was very weak from childhood. All his life he was afraid that he would be buried during a lethargic sleep. Since 1821, Nikolai studied at the Nezhin high school of higher sciences. His mother, who wrote letters to him, often retold Ukrainian legends in them. Young Gogol copied them into the "Book of all sorts of things." Later, in 1831, the writer published in St. Petersburg a collection of stories "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka", which glorified him.

But the road to fame was not easy. After graduating from the gymnasium in 1828, where Nikolai organized the theater, was the author of student plays and the main comedy hero, he and his friend went to conquer St. Petersburg. All his dreams were shattered: Nikolai was waiting for the service of a simple official - a scribe of papers. This is how the image of Akaki Akakievich Bashmachkin, a tragic little person in the story "The Overcoat", arose. It was published later, in 1841, in the collection "Nevsky Prospect", and earlier, in 1835, the collection "Mirgorod" was published. The most amazing piece was the story "Taras Bulba". The historical past has always interested Gogol. For a time he even taught history at the Patriotic Institute. From childhood gifted with artistic talent, he wrote plays, played the main roles himself, created historical images. But especially he was given, in the opinion of his contemporaries, funny.

Here in front of us Taras Bulba, the historical image of the era of constant danger:

“It was one of those characters that could arise only in the difficult 15th century on the half-wandering corner of Europe, when all southern primitive Russia, abandoned by its princes, was devastated, burned to the ground by the indomitable raids of Mongol predators; when, having lost a house and a roof, a man became brave here. "

This is a patriot who selflessly loves his homeland, the Zaporozhye Sich for him is a protest against national oppression, an opportunity for the manifestation of a freedom-loving spirit. The Zaporizhzhya Sich is a military republic located beyond the Dnieper rapids, of free people who fled from the oppression of serfdom and for several centuries defended Russia from enemies. Therefore, it was here that Taras Bulba went, where help was needed not only in defending the Fatherland, but also in establishing the Orthodox faith.

The main character had to endure many trials: the betrayal of the younger son and the execution of the elder. Andriya's father kills with the words: "I gave birth to you, and I will kill you." He cannot forgive his beloved son for betrayal of the Motherland for the sake of love for a Polish girl. The sense of camaraderie is sacred to the hero:

“There were comrades in other lands as well, but there were no such comrades like in the Russian land. It happened to you more than one - to disappear a lot in a foreign land; you see - and there are people! He is also a man of God, and you will talk to him as if you were your own; but when it comes to telling a heartfelt word, you see: no, smart people, but not the same; the same people, but not the same!
No, brothers, to love as much as the Russian soul - to love not so much with the mind or with something else, but with everything that God has given, whatever is in you ...
- No, no one can love like that! "

As a father and comrade, Taras Bulba supports Ostap during the execution with approving words. Tied to a tree, devoured by fire, he thinks only of his comrades, trying to shout to them, to tell them a safe way.

In his story Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol presented vivid characters that embody the strongest national traits. The writer did not strive to describe a plausible story, the main thing for him is to create a generalized image of the people's heroes of the liberation movement in Ukraine. The exponents of patriotism are Taras Bulba, Ostap and other Cossacks - free and courageous people who are united by love, loyalty to the Motherland and a sense of camaraderie.

In recent years, Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol lived mostly abroad due to poor health, but returned to his homeland as soon as possible. The patient, aged, he died on February 17, 1852, the cause of death is still unknown. "I know, - said the great writer, - that my name after me will be happier than me. "

"To be in the world and not designate your existence with anything - it seems terrible to me." N.V. Gogol.

The genius of classical literature

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol is known to the world as a writer, poet, playwright, publicist and critic. A man of remarkable talent and an amazing master of words, he is famous both in Ukraine, where he was born, and in Russia, where he moved over time.

Gogol is especially famous for his mystical heritage. His stories, written in a unique Ukrainian language that is not literary in the full sense of the word, convey the depth and beauty of Ukrainian speech, known to the whole world. The greatest popularity was given to Gogol by "Viy". What other works did Gogol write? We will consider the list of works below. These are sensational stories, often mystical, and stories from the school curriculum, and little-known works of the author.

List of the writer's works

In total, Gogol wrote over 30 works. He continued to finish some of them, despite the publication. Many of his creations had several variations, including Taras Bulba and Viy. Having published the story, Gogol continued to reflect on it, sometimes adding or changing the ending. Often his stories have several endings. So, further we will consider the most famous works of Gogol. The list is in front of you:

1. "Ganz Kuchelgarten" (1827-1829, under the pseudonym A. Alov).
2. "Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka" (1831), part 1 ("Sorochinskaya Fair", "Evening on the Eve of Ivan Kupala", "Drowned", "The Missing Letter"). The second part was published a year later. It includes the following stories: "The Night Before Christmas", "Terrible Revenge", "Ivan Fedorovich Shponka and His Aunt", "Enchanted Place".
3. Mirgorod (1835). Its editorial office was divided into 2 parts. The first part included the stories "Taras Bulba", "Old World Landowners". The second part, completed in 1839-1841, included "Viy", "The Tale of how Ivan Ivanovich quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich."
4. The Nose (1841-1842).
5. "Morning of a Business Man". She wrote, like the comedies "Lawsuit", "Fragment" and "Lackey", in the period from 1832 to 1841.
6. "Portrait" (1842).
7. "Notes of a Madman" and "Nevsky Prospect" (1834-1835).
8. The Inspector General (1835).
9. The play "The Marriage" (1841).
10. Dead Souls (1835-1841).
11. Comedies "The Players" and "Theatrical Patrol after the Presentation of a New Comedy" (1836-1841).
12. The Overcoat (1839-1841).
13. Rome (1842).

These are published works written by Gogol. The works (a list by year, more precisely) indicate that the flowering of the writer's talent came in 1835-1841. And now let's go over the reviews of the most famous stories of Gogol.

"Viy" - the most mystical creation of Gogol

The story "Viy" tells about the recently deceased lady, the centurion's daughter, who, as the whole village knows, was a witch. The centurion, at the request of his beloved daughter, makes the burial student Homa Bruta read over her. The witch, who died through the fault of Khoma, dreams of revenge ...

Reviews of the work "Viy" are a continuous praise for the writer and his talent. The list of Nikolai Gogol's works cannot be discussed without mentioning the beloved Viy. Readers note vivid characters, distinctive, unique, with their own characters and habits. All of them are typical Ukrainians, cheerful and optimistic people, rude but kind. It is impossible not to appreciate the subtle irony and humor of Gogol.

They also highlight the unique syllable of the writer and his ability to play on contrasts. During the day, the peasants walk and have fun, and Khoma also drinks so as not to think about the horror of the coming night. With the arrival of evening, a gloomy, mystical silence sets in - and Khoma again enters the circle outlined in chalk ...

A very small story keeps you in suspense until the last pages. Below are shots from the 1967 film of the same name.

Satirical comedy "Nose"

"The Nose" is an amazing story, written in such a satirical form that at first it seems fantastic absurdity. According to the plot, Platon Kovalev is a public person and prone to narcissism, wakes up in the morning without a nose - in his place is empty. In a panic, Kovalev begins to look for a lost nose, because without him and in a decent society you will not appear!

Readers easily saw the prototype of Russian (and not only!) Society. Gogol's stories, despite the fact that they were written in the 19th century, do not lose their relevance. Gogol, whose list of works for the most part can be divided into mysticism and satire, very delicately felt modern society, which has not changed in the past. The rank, the outer gloss, are still held in high esteem, but the inner content of a person is not interesting to anyone. It is Plato's nose, with an outer shell, but no inner content, that becomes the prototype of a man richly dressed, reasonably thinking, but soulless.

"Taras Bulba"

Taras Bulba is a great creation. Describing the works of Gogol, the most famous, the list of which is provided above, one cannot fail to mention this story. In the center of the plot are two brothers, Andrei and Ostap, as well as their father, Taras Bulba himself, a strong, courageous and utterly principled man.

Readers especially highlight the small details of the story, on which the author emphasized, which enlivens the picture, makes those distant times closer and more understandable. For a long time, the writer studied the details of the life of that era, so that readers could more vividly and vividly imagine the events taking place. In general, Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol, whose list of works we are discussing today, has always attached particular importance to trifles.

The charismatic characters also made a lasting impression on the readers. Tough, merciless Taras, ready for anything for the sake of the Motherland, brave and courageous Ostap and romantic, selfless Andrey - they cannot leave readers indifferent. In general, the famous works of Gogol, the list of which we are considering, have an interesting feature - an amazing but harmonious contradiction in the characters of the characters.

"Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka"

Another mystical, but at the same time funny and ironic work of Gogol. The blacksmith Vakula is in love with Oksana, who promised to marry him if he gets her the slippers, like the queen herself. Vakula is in despair ... But then, quite by chance, he comes across evil spirits, having fun in the village in the company of a witch. It is not surprising that Gogol, whose list of works contains numerous mystical stories, involved a witch and a devil in this story.

This story is interesting not only for the plot, but also for the colorful characters, each of which is unique. They, as if alive, appear before the readers, each in his own image. Some Gogol admires with light irony, he admires Vakula, and Oksana teaches to appreciate and love. Like a caring father, he chuckles good-naturedly at his characters, but it all looks so soft that it causes only a gentle smile.

The disposition of Ukrainians, their language, customs and principles, so clearly described in the story, could only be described in such detail and lovingly by Gogol. Even making fun of the "Muscovites" looks cute in the mouths of the characters in the story. This is because Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol, whose list of works we are discussing today, loved his homeland and spoke of it with love.

"Dead Souls"

Sounds mystical, right? However, in fact, Gogol in this work did not resort to mysticism and looked much deeper - into human souls. The main character Chichikov seems to be a negative character at first glance, but the more the reader gets to know him, the more positive traits he notices in him. Gogol makes the reader worry about the fate of his hero, despite his impartial actions, which already speaks volumes.

In this work, the writer, as always, acts as an excellent psychologist and a real genius of the word.

Of course, these are not all of the creations that Gogol wrote. The list of works is incomplete without the continuation of Dead Souls. It was its author who allegedly burned it before his death. Rumor has it that in the next two volumes, Chichikov had to improve and become a decent person. Is it so? Unfortunately, now we will never know for sure.