L. Tolstoy

Berg is German, "a fresh, pink Guards officer, impeccably washed, buttoned up and combed." At the beginning of the novel, a lieutenant, at the end - a colonel who has made a good career and has awards. B. is accurate, calm, courteous, selfish and stingy. The people around him laugh at him. B. could only talk about himself and his interests, the main of which was success. He could talk about this subject for hours, with visible pleasure for himself and at the same time teaching others. During the campaign in 1805, Mr .. B. - a company commander, proud of the fact that he is efficient, accurate, enjoys the confidence of his superiors and arranged his material affairs profitably. When meeting in the army, Nikolai Rostov treats him with slight contempt.

B. first the prospective and desired fiancé of Vera Rostova, and then her husband. The hero makes an offer to his future wife at a time when a refusal to him is excluded - B. correctly takes into account the material difficulties of the Rostovs, which does not prevent him from demanding from the old count a part of the promised dowry. Having reached a certain position, income, having married Vera, who meets his requirements, Colonel B. feels content and happy, even in the abandoned Moscow residents taking care of purchasing furniture.

The image of Berg in the novel "War and Peace" (option 2)

In addition to exceptional people with exceptional qualities and deeds, Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy paints completely different portraits in War and Peace. These are portraits-masks, and portraits-contrasts, and so on. Tolstoy creates portraits-masks for satirical purposes, for example, when characterizing negative characters: Kuragin, Boris Drubetskoy, Berg. Twice the mask of the seducer is torn off from Vasily Kuragin, and the features of a court flatterer-careerist and self-interested person are exposed.
Berg's good looks are also deceiving. It does not correspond to his inner appearance, but hides emptiness and insignificance. This man from a secular society has long lost all the moral ideals and principles of an honest and pure person. Although, it is unlikely that he ever had them at all.
Berg was interested in what was fashionable, what all young people of the high society were interested in - he strove to be happy and successful. It would seem, what's wrong with that? It seems to me that Berg always and everywhere saw only himself and tried to translate the views of others onto himself in any situation. More often than others, the word "I" sounded in his speech.
The most common careerist…. How could he fail to mention in a conversation that “by transferring to the guard, he has already won a rank before his comrades in the everybody loves him on the shelf, and how is his papa pleased with him? And Berg boasted of these terrible things with such naivety that he would probably be very surprised if someone opened his eyes to his immorality. Tolstoy calls this character trait of this hero "naive egoism." It seems to me a very precise definition.
"The son of a dark Livonian nobleman", "a modest, moral young man with a brilliant career ahead and even a solid position in society," Berg quickly took a good position. But he is constantly striving for higher and higher, guided by the lust for money and the desire to take a better place. At the same time, nothing else around this hero is of interest. Tolstoy shows that this was normal for the secular society of the time.
Tolstoy sneers at Berg in his story about how “in the Battle of Friedland he managed to distinguish himself”: “He picked up a grenade splinter that killed the adjutant near the commander-in-chief, and presented this splinter to the commander ..." For such "valor" Berg received two awards. But why does he tell everyone this? It seems to me that in order for everyone to believe that this ridiculous act was simply necessary to be done. And about how he was wounded in the Battle of Austerlitz, Berg so persistently and often talks that he receives two awards for this.
This hero is what the norms of behavior in a secular society dictate to him to be. And it's really scary. The situation is striking when the hero did Vera Rostova. “I’m not getting married for money, I think it’s ignoble!” - says Berg, and after a while he declares to the count that if "he does not receive in advance even a part of what is assigned to her, he will be forced to refuse." But soon he again claims that he sincerely loves Vera for her amazing character. In fact, not to tell the bride that he will not find the best party financially! After all, this hero is really poor, and Vera, in addition to financial merits, turned out to be also a beauty.
Of course, the Rostovs were to some extent happy to give Vera in marriage. They feared that their eldest daughter would not receive an offer from anyone again, and in fact she was already twenty-four years old. Father and mother Rostov decided: let Vera be the wife of this poor young man. Moreover, they were brought up in the same spirit.
Unfortunately, the hopes for Vera's happiness did not come true. Soon, the financial calculation on the part of Berg became clearly visible, for he considered even children a burden, and his wife - stupid and weak.
But Tolstoy describes Berg in such a way that this hero does not irritate us too much. He does not evoke any emotions at all, you do not notice him. Such a reaction is caused only by the dead, which, in fact, Berg is.
Berg is a neat person, but in him this is not an enviable feature either. It boils down to the fact that at his reception "everything was like everyone else": "old men with old men, young with young, the hostess at the tea table, on which there were exactly the same cookies in a silver basket that the Panins had at the evening , everything was exactly the same as with the others. " And this is the most important thing for Berg - "the smile of joy did not leave his face for a long time."
According to Tolstoy's classification, Berg belongs to the "little Napoleons". During the flight from Moscow to the war of 1812, he did not show a single drop of patriotism - he bought furniture for a pittance, and then went to Ilya Rostov with a request to take him on carts. Did he think he could sell it all later?
Berg never misses the slightest opportunity to get an extra penny - be it fodder money, a successful marriage, or something else. He spoke in society about money, although in high society it was unacceptable. But they listened to him, treating him with irony. After all, it is better to listen than to convince a person who is piously confident that he is doing everything right.
At the same time, it seems to me that there is no harm from Berg's actions. And even a calculating marriage to Vera does not bear anything bad - these young people were a match for each other.
Berg's image is created to contrast with other characters in the novel. This hero just joined the camp of the same as himself. And his example is enough to understand what such people are.

The image of Berg in the novel "War and Peace" (version 3)

Berg reminds Molchalin: that one has two qualities - moderation and accuracy ", this, in turn," having received a company during the campaign, managed to earn the trust of his superiors with his diligence and accuracy. " Indeed, Silent and Berg are officials of the same kind. But they are different people, and maybe Berg is more complicated. We are not yet familiar with him, when we hear his name for the first time, - Natasha, “flaming up,” says Vera: “Everyone has their own secrets. Berg and I don’t touch you ... You flirt with Berg as much as you want… ”The fact that Vera flirts with Berg — beautiful, cold, calm Vera, always saying unpleasant things, so unlike the rest of the Rostovs — is already alarming. But here he himself - "fresh, pink ... impeccably washed, buttoned up and combed" - sits in the office of the old Count Rostov and "pink lips" blows smoke "from a beautiful mouth."

Berg is unpleasant to us at once, as unpleasant to Tolstoy, and he will not change; from the first pages to the last he will remain the same neat, reasonable, clean-washed pink officer; only his ranks will change.

“Berg always spoke very accurately, calmly and courteously. His conversation always concerned only him alone; he was always calmly silent when they talked about something that had no direct relation to him ... But as soon as the conversation concerned him personally, he began to speak at length and with visible pleasure. "

All his stories are aloud reasoning about his own benefits: “If I were in the cavalry, I would receive no more than two hundred rubles a third, even with the rank of lieutenant; and now I get two hundred and thirty ... "," I, you know, count, without boasting, I can say that I know the orders for the regiment by heart ... Therefore, count, I have no omissions in the company. This is my conscience and calm. " It is profitable for Berg not only to receive two hundred and thirty rubles, but also to be honest. He cares not only about promotion, but also about a clear conscience. He is a patriot in his own way: having met Rostov in the war, "put on a clean coat, without a speck or speck, fluffed the temples up in front of the mirror, as Alexander Pavlovich wore, and ... with a pleasant smile left the room." His patriotism lies in imitation and devotion to the king. He also has his own moral ideal: “In our breed, von Bergs, Count, were all knights ...” According to this moral ideal, he accomplished the “feat” at Austerlitz: he took the sword in his left hand and went forward. He was scared, but he overcame his fear. He had the right to leave the battlefield, but he did not leave, he stayed ...

But only then he will squeeze out everything that is possible from his "knightly" behavior.

This is not a rough calculation, no. This is such self-confident selfishness that one would be surprised if he rarely met in people. But, unfortunately, it is not so rare.

Berg is not just calculating, selfish, stingy - he is firmly convinced that there is no other way to live; therefore, he is not ashamed to talk about how by transferring to the guard he has already won a rank in front of his corps comrades, how in wartime a company commander can be killed and he, remaining the senior in a company, can very easily be a company commander ... ”. This reminds me not of Molchalin, but of Skalozub: “I am quite happy in my comrades; vacancies are just open: then the elders will turn off others; others, you look, have been killed ... "But Skalozub is a stupid semi-literate soldier, and Berg is sweet, courteous, neat ...

For Countess Vera Rostova, Berg is not at all a brilliant party. Several years ago, his offer would undoubtedly have been rejected, and he himself, four years ago showing Vera to his comrade and saying: "She will be mine," was in no hurry to propose. He was an obscure nobleman from the Russified Germans; she is a girl from a wealthy and noble family. But Berg is patient - he waited four years, and during this time a lot has changed: “The Rostovs' affairs were very upset ... and most importantly, Vera was twenty-four years old, she traveled everywhere, and despite the fact that she was undoubtedly good and reasonable, until now no one has ever proposed to her. "

Count Ilya Andreevich explains to Verin the dissimilarity of his entire family by the fact that the “countess was wise” with her eldest daughter. It is unlikely that a loving mother could do so much. The Rostovs, living openly, in the old-fashioned way, without hesitation, simply did not notice how their older girl became colder and more selfish as new children appeared and demanded their share of maternal concerns. Of course, they pampered her, as they pampered Nicholas, Natasha, and Petya, but those three loved each other, learned from their father to be kind and think not only of themselves. Sonia and Boris grew up next to them, in need of spiritual warmth ... Vera realized from childhood that the other children were hindering her, that they were superfluous; it is not for nothing that she reprimands Nikolai for the inkwell taken from her; it is not for nothing that she is indignant at Natasha's “secrets” and Sonis, they all irritate her; she has only one concern - about herself.

Berg chose his wife correctly and correctly timed when to propose. By 1809, he is no longer the obscure officer who sat in the office of Count Rostov in 1805.

“It was not for nothing that Berg showed everyone his right hand, wounded in the Battle of Austerlitz, and held a completely unnecessary sword in his left. He so persistently and with such significance told everyone this cover-up that everyone believed in the expediency and merit of this act, and Berg received two awards for Austerlitz. " He received two more awards for the fact that in the Finnish war "picked up a grenade splinter, which killed the adjutant near the commander-in-chief, and presented this splinter to the commander." The most striking thing is that, stubbornly repeating stories about these exploits of his, Berg does not think about his career at all: he loves himself and is convinced that his every act is significant and important to other people, that everyone is interested in knowing how he distinguished himself. As a result, in "1809 he was a captain of the guard with orders and occupied some special advantageous positions in St. Petersburg."

And he did not marry according to the calculations. Vera had made an impression on him for a long time. Back in 1805, he "spoke with Vera with a gentle smile that love is not an earthly feeling, but a heavenly one," and believed what he said. Vera is the wife he needs, "a beautiful, respectable girl ... Here is another sister of hers - of the same surname, but completely different, and an unpleasant character, and there is no mind, and such, you know? .. It's unpleasant ..." Berg married for love , as he understands love, “but the wife must bring hers, and the husband his own,” so he bargains with the old count in the most natural way: “Berg, smiling pleasantly, explained that if he did not know correctly what would be given for Vera, and will not receive in advance even a part of what is assigned to her, then he will be forced to refuse. is lost, he is ashamed of something, and he wants to quickly end the calculations. It is difficult to imagine such different people as Ilya Andreevich Rostov and Berg. The old count went bankrupt, treating all of Moscow with lunches and dinners, and Berg even wanted to tell his friend: "here you will come to us for dinner," but said: "drink tea." But the profligate Count Rostov left his children without money, and his wife, becoming a widow, will interrupt only thanks to the self-denial of her son; and Berg arranged rent for his parents, and he will leave his children a decent fortune.

What is so bad about the neat, diligent, very firmly adhering to his idea of ​​duty and honor Berg? This will be revealed with all clarity much later, when the Napoleonic army approaches Moscow, and the Russians, who yesterday sold hay to their own at exorbitant prices, will burn it today so that the enemy does not get it; Natasha will start throwing the belongings of the whole family out of the carts in order to take the wounded with her; the whole people - that is, every person! - will think not only about himself. But people like Berg will remain themselves - and he himself, as clean as always, will be preoccupied with buying wardrobe glasses for his beloved wife.

I will not assure you that Berg ever paid for the fact that he lived so shallow and self-righteous. No. He will feel happy all his life and will raise children the same; he will never repent of anything. Chatsky was right in his own way when he said: "The silent people are blissful in the world." They are blissful because their happiness is easily attainable. Yes, Berg is happy. But it’s not difficult - to achieve his ideal of happiness. Here he is sitting, already a colonel, in a "clean uniform, with temples anointed in front, sovereign Alexander Pavlovich's strength", in his "new, bright office, decorated with busts, and pictures, and new furniture", next to his beautiful wife in a new lace cape , which was on Princess Yusupova ... Guests come to them, and Berg is happy that "the evening was like two drops like every other evening ... everything was like everyone else", and there were exactly the same cookies in the silver basket, " what the Panins had at the evening, everything was exactly the same as the others'.

This ideal of life is hostile to Tolstoy, first of all, to the stream that people should not be the same. The desire to be like everyone else gives birth to a bourgeoisie, and bourgeoisie, perhaps, is the most serious disease of society. Where citizens have turned into petty bourgeois, the spiritual development of people and the country stops, progress is impossible there. Berg's neat and seemingly harmless psychology brings with it the death of morality. Do not rush to laugh at Berg - he is not funny, but scary. And especially because his ideal of happiness has not died, it still exists today; a beautiful wife, brand new clothes, an apartment - everything is like everyone else's, like everyone else's ... Look around you - don't you see people who become silent as soon as the conversation does not concern them personally, who are devoutly convinced that the main thing in life is their well-being and promotion. Look into your soul - are you sure that Berg is not lurking there?

Characteristics of the literary hero Nemets, first the groom, and then the husband of Vera Rostova. This is "a fresh, pink Guards officer, impeccably washed, buttoned up and combed." At the beginning of the work, Berg is a lieutenant, and at the end of the work he becomes a colonel, from which you can see that Berg made a good career. He is accurate, calm, courteous, but very selfish and stingy. He loves and can only talk about himself and his successes. The people around him laugh at him, he is a stranger in the Rostovs' house. They do not understand his prudence and stinginess. Berg proposes to Vera and demands the promised dowry from the old count, despite the difficult financial situation of the Rostovs. This hero is clearly unpleasant and alien to Tolstoy himself.

Essay on literature on the topic: Berg (War and Peace Tolstoy L.N.)

Other compositions:

1. Boris Drubetskoy Characteristics of the literary hero Son of Princess Anna Mikhailovna Drubetskoy. From childhood he was brought up and lived for a long time in the house of the Rostovs, to whom he was a relative. Boris and Natasha were in love with each other. Outwardly, it is “a tall, blond youth with the correct delicate features of a calm Read More ......
2. Petya Rostov Characteristics of the literary hero The youngest son of the Rostovs. At the beginning of the novel, we see P. as a young boy. He is a typical representative of his family, kind, cheerful, musical. He wants to imitate his older brother and go along the military line in life. In 1812, full of Read More ......
3. LN Tolstoy, with his vast literary heritage, is one of the eternally evolving phenomena: each time, each epoch perceives the writer in its own way. Our time is especially sensitive to Tolstoy's moral sermons, to his call for moral improvement. Because now our Read More ......
4. Natasha Rostova Characteristics of the literary hero One of the main heroines of the novel, the daughter of the Count and Countess of the Rostovs. She is “black-eyed, with a big mouth, ugly, but alive ...”. N.'s distinctive features are emotionality and sensitivity. She's not very smart, but she has an amazing Read More ......
5. Berg is German, "a fresh, pink Guards officer, impeccably washed, buttoned up and combed." At the beginning of the novel, a lieutenant, at the end - a colonel who has made a good career and has awards. B. is accurate, calm, courteous, selfish and stingy. The people around him laugh at him. B. could only speak Read More ......
6. Andrei Bolkonsky Characteristics of the literary hero This is one of the main characters of the novel, the son of Prince Bolkonsky, the brother of Princess Marya. At the beginning of the novel, we see B. as an intelligent, proud, but rather arrogant person. He despises high society people, is unhappy in marriage and Read More ......
7. LN Tolstoy managed to combine in one novel, perhaps, as many as two: a historical epic novel and a psychological novel. Page after page reveals to the reader the characters of Leo Tolstoy's heroes, conveying the subtlest details, nuances of their similarity or diversity, static or changeability. “People like Read More ......
8. Tolstoy went to War and Peace with difficulty - however, there were no easy paths in his life. Tolstoy brilliantly entered literature with his very first piece - the initial part of the autobiographical trilogy Childhood (1852). The Sevastopol Tales (1855) consolidated the success. Young writer, Read More ......

JI . N. Tolstoy. "War and Peace". "Family thought" in the novel.

Families Rostov and Bolkonsky, Berg and Kuragin

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Target:

based on the novelJI. N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" to reveal the theme "Family Thought", using elements of the analysis of the means of creating images of heroes;

to reveal the author's view of the family theme through the comparative characteristics of families;

improve students' research skills:

Ability to analyze, highlight the main thing, compare, pose and solve problems;

to form students' own family ideal.

Equipment: textbook, text of the novel "War and Peace", handouts, tables.

Lesson type: a lesson in the assimilation of new knowledge and the formation of skills and abilities.

The projected

results: students reveal the theme "Family Thought" on the material of the novelJI. N. Tolstoy "War and Peace", using elements of the analysis of the means of creating images of heroes; through the comparative characteristics of families, the author's view on the topic of the family is revealed; carry out analytical work in groups; participate in conversation, mini-discussion.

DURING THE CLASSES

Organizational stage

Updating basic knowledge

Conversation

How is the system of images grouped in an epic novel?

How through portrait characterizationJI. N. Tolstoy reveals

the psychology of the hero and his inner world?

Motivation for learning activities. Communication of the topic and purpose of the lesson

Teacher's word

- In the novel War and Peace, the theme of the family occupies one of the key positions. The family for Tolstoy is the basis for the formation of the human soul. The atmosphere of the house, the family nest, according to the writer, determines the warehouse of psychology, views and even the fate of the heroes. The author tries to explain many of the features and patterns in the life of his heroes by their belonging to one or another family. Only in the family does a person receive everything that subsequently determines his character, habits, worldview and attitude.

That is why in the system of all the main images of the novelJI. N. Tolstoy singles out several families, on the example of which the author's attitude to the ideal of the hearth is clearly expressed, - these are the Bolkonsky families that keep the aristocratic traditions; and representatives of the Moscow nobility Rostovs; the Kuragin family, devoid of mutual respect, sincerity and connections; the Berg family, which begins its existence with the laying of a “material foundation”. And in the epilogue of the novelJI. N. Tolstoy presents to the readers' judgment two new families - Pierre and Natasha, Nikolai and Marya, families based on sincere and deep feelings.

Working on the topic of the lesson

Analytical work (in groups, based on the text of the novel)

1st group. The Berg family is the ideals, the “foundation” of the family, the models that Bergs follow, the characteristics of Berg, Vera.

Which episodes testify to the prudence of Berg and Vera?

2nd group. The Kuragin family is a style of relations between family members. How do the Kuragin's relationships develop outside their family? What kind of family members come out to life? Characteristics of Prince Vasily, Anatole, Helen.

What ethical principles are guided by the members of the Kuragin family?

Are there such concepts as honor, nobility, conscience, sacrifice in their value system?

3rd group. The Rostov family is the style of family relations, the main feature of all Rostovs, unanimity in the family is the guarantee of the happiness of all its members.

What kind of family, family ties is acceptable forJI. N. Tolstoy?

What type of family do the Rostovs adhere to?

What does parental home mean to them?

In what situations do we meet with the Rostov family?

What is the parent-child relationship?

Pay attention to the ethics of this relationship. What will family mean in the life of Natasha-mother?

4th group. The Bolkonsky family - ideals, the foundation of the family, the style of relations between family members, a characteristic of the old prince Bolkonsky, Andrei, Marya.

What is the relationship between members of the Bolkonsky family?

Do they make up a breed like the Rostovs? What do they have in common?

What is hidden behind the external severity of the old man Bolkonsky?

What are the most striking, in your opinion, details in the image of the internal and external appearance of the Bolkonskys?

How will Princess Marya embody the paternal ideal of the family?

How are the Bolkonskys 'house and the Rostovs' house similar?

Indicative answers

The Berg family. Berg itself has much in common with Griboyedov's Molchalin (moderation, diligence and accuracy). According to Tolstoy, Berg is not only a philistine, but also a particle of universal philistinism (the acquisition mania in any situation prevails, drowning out the manifestation of normal feelings - an episode with the purchase of furniture during the evacuation of most residents from Moscow). Berg exploits the war of 1812, squeezing out the maximum benefit for himself. The Bergs do their best to resemble the socially accepted standards: the evening that the Bergs arrange is an exact copy of many other evenings with candles and tea. Vera (although she belongs by birth to the Rostovieven as a girl, despite her pleasant appearance and development, good manners and correct judgment, she repels people with indifference to others and extreme selfishness.

Such a family, according to Tolstoy, cannot become the basis of society, because the foundation laid at its foundation is material acquisitions, which rather empty the soul, contribute to the destruction of human relations, rather than unification.

The Kuragin family: Prince Vasily, Ippolit, Anatole, Helen. Family members are connected only by external relations. Prince Vasily does not have a fatherly feeling for children, all the Kuragins are disunited. And in an independent life, the children of Prince Vasily are doomed to loneliness: Helene and Pierre have no family, despite their official marriage; Anatole, being married to a Polish woman, enters into new relationships, looking for a rich wife. Kuragins organically fit into the society of the regulars of the salon of Anna Pavlovna Sherer with its fake, artificiality! false patriotism, intrigues. The true face of Prince Vasily is manifested in the episode of the division of the inheritance of Kirila Bezukhov, which he does not intend to give up under any circumstances. He actually sells his daughter, passing her off as Pierre. The animal immorality inherent in Anatota Kuragin is especially vividly manifested when his father brings him to the Volkovskys' house to marry Princess Marya for him (an episode with Mademoiselle Burienne). And his attitude to Natasha Rostova is so low and immoral that it does not need any comments. Helen completes the family gallery with dignity - this is a woman-predator, ready for the sake of money and position in society and married of convenience, and then cruel to her husband. The lack of connections, spiritual closeness makes this family formal, then people live in it, relatives only by blood, but there is no spiritual kinship, human closeness in this house, and therefore it can be assumed that such a family can foster a moral attitude towards life.

The Bolkonsky family. The head of the family, the old prince Bolkonsky, established a meaningful life in the Bald Mountains. He is a true aristocrat and carefully preserves all the traditions of the aristocracy.

The knowledge of the old prince about modern events surprises even his son. An ironic attitude towards religion and sentimentality brings father and son closer. The death of the prince, according to Tolstoy, is the payment for his despotism. Bolkonsky lives with intelligence, an intellectual atmosphere reigns in the house. Even the old prince himself teaches his daughter the exact and historical sciences. But, despite a number of eccentricities of the prince, his children - Prince Andrey and Princess Marya - love and respect their father, forgiving him some tactlessness and harshness. Maybe this is the phenomenon of the Bolkonsky family - unconditional respectandacceptance of all senior family members, unaccountable, sincere, in some ways even sacrificial love of family members for each other (Princess Mary for herself decided that she would not think about personal happiness so as not to leave her father alone).

The relations that have developed in this family, according to Tolstoy, contribute to the education of such feelings as respect, devotion, human dignity, patriotism.

The Rostov family . Using the example of the Rostov family, Tolstoy presents his ideal of family life, good relations between all family members. The Rostovs live "the life of the heart", not demanding a special mind from each other, easily and naturally referring to life's troubles. They are characterized by a truly Russian striving for breadth and scope. All members of the Rostov family are characterized by liveliness and spontaneity. The turning point in the life of the family was the departure from Moscow in 1812, the decision to give the carts intended for the removal of property for the transportation of the wounded, which in fact was the ruin of the Rostovs. While dying, old Rostov feels not only guilt for ruining his children, but also takes pride in his patriotic duty. Children in the Rostov family inherit from their parents sincerity, openness, disinterestedness, the desire to love the whole world, all of humanity.

Generalization of the teacher

- "Epilogue" is the apotheosis of family happiness and harmony. Nothing here foreshadows serious dramatic conflicts. Everything is simple and reliable in the young families of the Rostovs and Bezukhovs: a well-established way of life, the deep affection of the spouses to each other, love for children, understanding, participation.

Nikolay Rostov and Marya Bolkonskaya. The love of these people is born at the moment of trouble hanging over the fatherland. Nicholas and Marya are characterized by a common perception of people. It is a union in which a husband and wife are spiritually enriched. Nikolai makes Marya happy, and she brings kindness and tenderness to the family.

Natasha Rostova and Pierre Bezukhov. The purpose of their love is marriage, family and children. Here Tolstoy describes an idyll - an intuitive understanding of a loved one. The charm of Natasha the girl is clear to everyone, the charm of Natasha the woman is only to her husband. Each of them finds in love and family exactly what he has been striving for all his life, the meaning of his life, which, according to Tolstoy, for a woman consists in motherhood, and for a man - in the awareness of himself as a support for a weaker person, his necessity.

Summing up the reasoning, it should be noted that the theme of the family, its significance in the formation of a person's character for Tolstoy in the novel "War and Peace" is one of the most important. The author tries to explain many of the features and patterns in the life of his heroes by their belonging to one or another family. At the same time, he emphasizes the great importance of the family in the formation of both a young person and his character, and an adult person. Only in the family does a person receive everything that subsequently determines his character, habits, worldview and attitude.

And with its ending "War and Peace" resembles an open book: the last words of the narration are the dreams of a child, plans for a life that is all ahead. The fate of the heroes of the novel is only a link in the endless experience of mankind, of all people, both past and future, and including that person who today, at the beginning of the 21st century, reads War and Peace with the hope of finding answers to “ eternal "questions. And now “the young man, clenching his mouth, redefines: what is he living for, what is he suffering for? What is love? Where does conscience dwell? And everything - not in the eye, so in the eyebrow, in the very soul, that is, ”- A. Yashin believes.

Our time is special, many values ​​have been lost, often the material, not the spiritual, comes first (remember the union of Pierre and Helene), but can such a union be called a family? I think you and I have come to a consensus that a happy family is a family based on the moral principles that we have defined today, and I hope that by creating your family, you will remember today's lesson.

Each family is a big complex world with its own traditions, attitudes and habits, even its own view of raising children. They say that children are echoes of their parents. However, in order for this echo to sound not only due to natural affection, but also mainly due to conviction, it is necessary that customs, orders, rules of life should be strengthened in the house, in the family circle, which cannot be crossed not out of fear of punishment, but out of respect for the foundations of the family, for its traditions. Do everything so that childhood and the future of your children are wonderful, so that the family is strong, friendly, family traditions are preserved and passed on from generation to generation. I wish you happiness in the family, in the one in which you live today, which you yourself will create in the future. May mutual assistance and understanding always reign under the roof of your house, may your life be rich both spiritually and materially!

Reflection. Lesson summary

"Learning to Discuss": Mini-Discussion

Which upbringing is closer to you: upbringing in the Rostov family or upbringing in the Bolkonsky family? Why?

What kind of family is Tolstoy's ideal, what kind of family life does he consider "real"?

Homework

Leading tasks

Prepare a short retelling of the episode "Review in Braunau" (vol. 1, part 2, ch. 1.2,3) and expressive reading of an excerpt from vol.1, Part 2, Ch. 2 from the words “Howthe samethey said, Kutuzov is crooked ... "and before" That is clearly a fool, you listened more ... ".

Prepare a short retelling of the episode "On the bridge over the Danube" (vol. 1, part 2, chap. 7-8), paying attention to how the colonel estimated the losses and to whom he attributed the honor of setting fire to the bridge.

· The theme of the family and its significance in the formation of a person's character in the novel "War and Peace" is one of the most important. The author tries to explain many of the features and patterns in the life of his heroes by belonging to a particular family.

Only in the family does a person receive everything about, which subsequently determines his character, habits, worldview and attitude.

· In the novel, Tolstoy talks about different families - this is the Bolkonsky family that keeps aristocratic traditions; and representatives of the Moscow nobility Rostovs; the Kuragin family, devoid of mutual respect, sincerity of ties; the Berg family, which begins its existence with the laying of the "mother foundation". And in the epilogue of the novel, Tolstoy presents to the readers' judgment two new families - Pierre and Natasha, Nikolai and Marya, - according to the author, this is what a family should be, based on sincere and deep feelings.