Artists depicting the Crimea. Great Crimean artists class hour on the topic

Crimean artists

Features of Crimea

Crimea was the last to become part of Soviet Ukraine. The Crimean peninsula is distinctive. It is distinguished by its special nature and composition of the population. Under the USSR and now, Crimea is an all-Union health resort. Living on the Crimean peninsula, especially on the southern coast of Crimea, was the ultimate dream of a Soviet person.

Influence of Crimea on artists

It is not surprising that many artists lived and worked in Crimea. Indeed, the very nature of the Crimean Peninsula contributes to the awakening of creative abilities. The surf, the Crimean mountains, the brush itself asks in hand to capture the majestic sea sunset or sunrise in the snow-capped mountains.

Famous artists of Crimea and themes of their works

The most famous artist who glorified the art school of the Crimea all over the world is IK Aivazovsky, a famous Russian marine painter. This theme is traced in the works of many masters of the Crimean Peninsula, which is not surprising, given the proximity of the sea. The Great Patriotic War, which left indelible scars on the surface of the peninsula and in the hearts of its inhabitants, also significantly influenced the creativity of the Crimean brush masters. Every stone, every mountain in the Crimea was the object of a fierce battle. Many Crimean masters were eyewitnesses or even participants in those events. And of course the generous nature of Crimea. Rest, beaches, children frolicking on the seashore - these are all the plots of the Crimean masters. If you like works filled with sun and summer warmth, choose paintings by the masters of Crimea. They are right for you.

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Great artists of Crimea The presentation was made by S. Bogacheva.

Hovhannes (Ivan) Konstantinovich Aivazovsky was born into the family of the merchant Konstantin (Gevorg) and Hripsime Aivazovsky. On July 17 (29), 1817, the priest of the Armenian Church of the city of Feodosia made a note that Konstantin (Gevorg) Aivazovsky and his wife Hripsime had “Hovhannes, the son of Gevorg Aivazian”. Aivazovsky's ancestors were from the Galician Armenians who moved to Galicia from Turkish Armenia in the 18th century. Hovhannes was destined to become the most outstanding, world famous marine painter, battle painter, collector, patron of the arts - Ivan Aivazovsky. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

Ivan Aivazovsky discovered artistic and musical abilities from childhood; in particular, he learned to play the violin on his own. The Feodosia architect - Koh Yakov Khristianovich, who was the first to pay attention to the boy's artistic abilities, gave him the first lessons in mastery. After graduating from the Feodosia district school, he was enrolled in the Simferopol gymnasium with the help of the mayor, who at that time was already an admirer of the talent of the future artist. Brig "Mercury" after defeating two Turkish ships, 1848 CHILDHOOD The presentation was made by S. Bogacheva.

Then he was admitted at the expense of the State to the Imperial Academy of Arts of St. Petersburg. Young Ivan Aivazovsky's first drawing teacher was a German colonist artist Johann Ludwig Gross, with whose light hand young Ivan Konstantinovich received recommendations to the Academy of Arts. Aivazovsky arrived in St. Petersburg on August 28, 1833. In 1835 he received a silver medal for the landscapes "View of the seaside in the vicinity of St. Petersburg" and "Study of the air over the sea" and was appointed assistant to the fashionable French landscape painter Philippe Tanner. In September 1837 Aivazovsky received the Great Gold Medal for the painting Calm. This gave him the right to a two-year trip to the Crimea and Europe. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

Crimea and Europe (1838-1844) Lunar landscape with a shipwreck, 1863 In the spring of 1838, the artist went to the Crimea, where he spent two summers. He not only painted seascapes, but also engaged in battle painting and even took part in hostilities on the coast of Circassia, where, watching from the shore the landing in the Shakhe River valley, he made sketches for the painting "Troopers in the Subashi Valley" (so then the Circassians called this place), written later at the invitation of the chief of the Caucasian coastal line, General Raevsky. The painting was acquired by Nicholas I. At the end of the summer of 1839 he returned to St. Petersburg, where on September 23 he received a certificate of graduation from the Academy, his first rank and personal nobility. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

Crimea and Europe (1838-1844) In July 1840, Aivazovsky and his fellow landscape class at the Academy, Vasily Sternberg, went to Rome. On the way, they stopped in Venice and Florence. In Venice, Ivan Konstantinovich met Gogol, and also visited the island of St. Lazarus, where he met his brother Gabriel. The artist worked for a long time in southern Italy, in particular in Sorrento, and developed a style of work, which consisted in the fact that he worked in the open air for only short periods of time, and in the studio he restored the landscape, leaving a wide scope for improvisation. The painting "Chaos" was bought by Pope Gregory XVI, who also awarded Aivazovsky a gold medal. In general, Aivazovsky's work in Italy was a success. For his paintings, he received the gold medal of the Paris Academy of Arts. The ship "Empress Maria" during a storm, 1892 The presentation was made by S. Bogacheva.

Crimea and Europe (1838-1844) In early 1842, Aivazovsky traveled to Holland through Switzerland and the Rhine Valley, from there he sailed to England, and later visited Paris, Portugal and Spain. In the Bay of Biscay, the ship on which the artist was sailing was caught in a storm and almost sank, so that reports of his death appeared in Parisian newspapers. The journey as a whole lasted four years. In the fall of 1844, he returned to Russia. Pushkin's farewell to the sea. The painting was performed by I.K.Aivazovsky together with I.E. Repin, 1877 The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

In 1844 he became a painter of the Main Naval Staff (without financial assistance), and from 1847 - a professor at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts; was also in European academies: Rome, Paris, Florence, Amsterdam and Stuttgart. Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky painted mainly seascapes; created a series of portraits of the Crimean coastal cities. His career has been very successful. He was awarded many orders and received the rank of Rear Admiral. In total, the artist wrote more than 6 thousand works. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

From 1845 he lived in Feodosia, where he used the money he earned to open an art school, which later became one of the artistic centers of Novorossiya, and a gallery (1880), became the founder of the Cimmerian school of painting, initiated the construction of the Feodosia - Dzhankoy railway, built in 1892. He was actively involved in the affairs of the city, its improvement, contributed to the prosperity. He was interested in archeology, was involved in the protection of Crimean monuments, took part in the study of more than 80 barrows (some of the objects found are kept in the Hermitage storeroom). The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

The last days of his life The artist died on May 2, 1900 in Feodosia, at the age of eighty-two years. On the morning of April 19 (May 2), 1900, Aivazovsky decided to fulfill his long-standing desire - to once again show one of the episodes of the liberation struggle of the Greek rebels against the Turks. For the plot, the painter chose a real fact - the heroic feat of the fearless Greek Konstantin Canaris, who blew up a Turkish admiral's ship off the island of Chios. During the day, the artist was almost finished. In the middle of the night, during sleep, sudden death cut short the life of Aivazovsky. The unfinished painting "The Explosion of the Ship" remained on the easel in the studio of the artist, whose house in Feodosia was turned into a museum. The artist's work was highly appreciated by many of his contemporaries, and the artist I.N. Kramskoy wrote: "... Aivazovsky, no matter what they say, is a star of the first magnitude, in any case and not only here, but in the history of art in general ..." In 1903, the artist's widow installed a marble tombstone in the form of a sarcophagus from a solid block of white marble, the author of which is the Italian sculptor L. Biojoli. The words of the Armenian historian Movses Khorenatsi are written in the ancient Armenian language: "Born to mortals, he left an immortal memory." The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

The Aivazovsky House Gallery, later an art gallery, was personally designed by Aivazovsky in 1845, and in 1880 the artist opened his own exhibition hall. Ivan Konstantinovich exhibited his paintings in it, which were supposed to leave Feodosia. This year is officially considered the year of the creation of the gallery. According to his will, the art gallery was donated to Feodosia. In the Feodosia Picture Gallery founded by him, now bearing his name, the artist's work is most fully represented. The archive of Aivazovsky's documents is kept in the Russian State Archives of Literature and Art, the State Public Library named after M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin (St. Petersburg), the State Tretyakov Gallery, the Theater Museum. A. A. Bakhrushina. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

What reminds of Ivan Aivazovsky in Simferopol? Near Sovetskaya Square, in the park named after Dybenko P.E., there is a monument to the Aivazovsky brothers: Gabriel and Ivan. The authors of this monument in the capital of Crimea are the architect - V. Kravchenko and sculptors - Tokmadzhyan L. And his sons. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

Nikolay Semenovich Samokish was born on October 13 (25), 1860 in Nizhyn (now the Chernigov region of Ukraine). He graduated from the 4th grade of the Nizhyn Historical and Philological Institute, created on the basis of the "Gymnasium of Higher Sciences and the Lyceum of Prince Bezborodko", the famous educational institution where N.V. Gogol studied. He received his initial artistic skills in the Nezhin gymnasium from the drawing teacher RK Muzychenko-Tsybulsky, from whom he also took private lessons in painting. The first attempt to enter the Imperial Academy of Arts failed, but was accepted as a volunteer in the battle workshop of Professor B.P. Villevalde (1878). After a year of classes, he was accepted by a student. He studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts (1879 - 1885), class of B. P. Villevalde, other famous teachers - P. P. Chistyakov and V. I. Jacobi. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

He quickly began to achieve success. Already in 1881 he received a small gold medal for the painting "The Return of Troops to the People". In 1882 he published the first album of etchings performed under the direction of L. E. Dmitriev-Kavkazsky. The next year, in 1883, he received the SG Stroganov prize for the painting "Landowners at the Fair." In 1884 he was awarded the second small gold medal for the painting "Episode from the Battle of Maly Yaroslavets", and the painting "Walk" was acquired by P.M. Tretyakov for his gallery. In 1885 he received a large gold medal and the title of class artist of the 1st degree for his thesis "The Russian cavalry returns after an attack on the enemy near Austerlitz in 1805". From 1885 to 1888 he perfected himself in Paris under the guidance of the famous battle-painter Eduard Detaille. The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

In 1889 he married Elena Petrovna Sudkovskaya (nee Benard). Elena Petrovna Samokish-Sudkovskaya (1863 - 1924) - famous book illustrator, student of V.P. Vereshchagin. She illustrated a lot with A.S. Pushkin. Her illustrations for Ershov's fairy tale "The Little Humpbacked Horse" are very famous. In 1896 she received the Highest award and a medal on a blue ribbon for drawings for the "Coronation Collection". The couple worked together at times, as they both participated in the preparation of an illustrated edition of Gogol's Dead Souls (AF Marx's printing house, 1901). In one of the halls of the Vitebsk railway station (the original name was Tsarskoselsky), erected in 1901-1904, the walls are decorated with panels by N. S. Samokish and E. P. Samokish-Sudkovskaya, dedicated to the history of the Tsarskoye Selo railway. Elena Petrovna died in exile in Paris. NS Samokish, "Herd of Oryol trotting queens" (1890). In 1890 he was awarded the title of Academician for the work "Herd of Oryol trotting queens" (Novo-Tomnikovsky stud farm, Tambov province). The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

TEACHER He has taught all his life since 1894, when he was invited to the Drawing School, where he taught drawing and painting for 23 years. Russian illustrators are still studying according to the textbook "Pen drawing" by NS Samokish. Full member of the Imperial Academy of Arts (1913), where he taught since 1912, professor, head of the battle class in 1913-1918. He taught at the Academy of Arts until 1918, when the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR abolished the old Academy and created State Free Art Studios on its basis. He taught on these courses before his departure. NS Samokish, "Sokolnik". Illustration for the book by N. I. Kutepov "Grand Ducal, Tsarist and Imperial Hunting in Russia", vol. 1 (St. Petersburg, 1896). The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

In the 1920s - 1930s he worked in the Crimea. In 1918-1921 he lived in Evpatoria (where he created more than 30 paintings), since 1922 - in Simferopol. He created his own art studio in Simferopol (Samokish studio), which became the main regional center for art education. Collected and supported talented youth. Among his Simferopol students, People's Artist of Ukraine Yakov Alexandrovich Basov (studied with Samokish from 1922 to 1931), Amet Ustaev, Maria Vikentievna Novikova, Mark Domashchenko and many others. Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of Crimea No. 192 of June 28, 1937 “On the reorganization of the studio. Academician NS Samokish at the State Secondary Art School named after Honored Art Worker Academician NS Samokish "on the basis of the Samokish studio, the Crimean Art School was organized. During the German occupation of Crimea (1941 - 1944), he remained in Simferopol. The artist died in Simferopol on January 18, 1944.The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

In 1960, one of the streets of Simferopol was also named after Samokish. On the house number 32 on this street, a memorial plaque was installed, which reads: "In this house in 1922-1944 lived the academician of battle painting NS Samokish" How is the memory of the artist NS Samokish immortalized? The presentation was made by S.S.Bogacheva.

Watching films 1. Nikolay Samokish. From the series “Crimean! Be proud of the past ”2. Ivan Aivazovsky. From the series "Life of Remarkable People" The presentation was made by S. Bogacheva.

Crimea, by its nature and beauty, at all times attracted people of art. They were artists and poets, directors, actors, musicians. Everyone went to Crimea for rest and for inspiration. The landscapes of the peninsula delighted them all. Today's post is about artists whose paintings are somehow connected with this amazing place.

Friedrich Gross... A name that they undeservedly tried to forget. Now the works of a hereditary German artist born in Simferopol can be seen in the Crimean Republican Museum of Local Lore. There are few works that have come down to our time.
Frederick decided to travel all over the Crimea in search of picturesque and inaccessible places. In one of the newspapers, after some time they wrote: “Living among the luxurious nature, he early felt an attraction to painting and passionately devoted himself to this noble art. He spent four summers in a row on the southern coast of Crimea ... Transferring to paper everything that amazed his eyes, and thus collecting a rich collection of the most picturesque views of Crimea. " According to rumors, he was supported by the patron of the arts of that time, Count Vorontsov.

"View in the Crimea on the river Kacha", 1854 oil on canvas; 39 × 48; lower right corner "N. Chernetsov 1854 "The work was exhibited at the exhibition" Russian and Ukrainian art of the 19th - 20th centuries from private collections ", held at the Kiev Museum of Russian Art, and was published in the exhibition catalog of the same name. Kiev, 2003

A little earlier, when Crimea had just joined Russia. Such artists as Ivanov M. M. (1748-1823), Alekseev F. Ya. (1753-1824) began to come to the peninsula. The well-known Count Vorontsov also had an artist Chernetsov N.G., who drew more than a hundred graphic works, on which he depicted cities, towns and other important architectural structures with documentary accuracy.
Also among the first can be attributed to the Ukrainian artist Orlovsky V.D. (1824-1914). I met his works in the halls of the Vorontsov Palace), Meshchersky A.I. (1834-1902), Krachkovsky I.E.(1854-1914) and Botkin M.P. (1839-1914).

Italian Carlo Bossoli(1815-1884). His watercolors and gouaches allow one to see the Crimea through the eyes of the artist's contemporaries, to imagine oneself in the place of the discoverer of the old Taurida.
A traveler in spirit and an artist by profession, Carlo, during his lifetime, gains resounding fame, not without the help of Count Vorontsov.
The artist lived in Odessa and the Crimea, and in total he spent 23 years in Russia, but succumbing to the persuasion of an elderly mother leaves for his homeland.

Probably the most famous artist of Crimea is Aivazovsky Ivan Konstantinovich(1817-1900). The artist loved his native land. He traveled all over it. He painted many pictures. Most of all he loved the sea, it was he who portrayed most often.
In his numerous works, he glorified both the beauty of the Crimea and its heroic history. The artist's battle paintings, such as "Battle of Chesme", "Battle of Sinop", "Brig" Mercury "attacked by two Turkish ships" and others are now known all over the world. The artist also visited the besieged Sevastopol (1854-1855), after which he painted the pictures "The Siege of Sevastopol", "The Transition of Russian Troops to the North Side", "The Capture of Sevastopol", "Admiral Nakhimov on the Bastion of the Malakhov Kurgan, where he was hit by an enemy bullet", "Place where Admiral Kornilov was mortally wounded. "
Nowadays, the artist's paintings can be seen in Feodosia in the art gallery. Aivazovsky.

The famous Russian landscape painter Kuindzhi Arkhip Ivanovich(1842-1910) there was a dacha in the Crimea near Kikeneiz (now the village of Opolznevoe). He often came to his dacha, where he created his works. He tried to convey in them the mood of the sea, considering that this is the most difficult task for a painter. Arkhip Ivanovich had an equally talented student - Konstantin Bogaevsky.

Born in Feodosia (1872-1943). His first beginnings in painting were approved by Aivazovsky himself and later sent him to study with the artist Fessler A.I.
For me, Bogaevsky is a great master who surpassed many artists in the skill of portraying the landscapes of the mountainous Crimea. He loved landscapes. Winding rivers, mountains, waterfalls, he conveyed all this in his paintings. In some of his works, he refers to the past of the Crimea, writes the ruins of ancient cities, monuments. The painting "Tavroski-fia" most fully and interestingly conveys the artist's idea of ​​the historical Crimean landscape. in 1933 he was awarded the title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR.

Voloshin Maximilian Alexandrovich(1877-1932) for a long time turned the landscapes of Koktebel into works of art. The artist paints the same place in Crimea, each time finding something new. This is a rare phenomenon in Russian art.
Creating his beautiful, warm watercolors, Maximilian often signs them with poetic lines, deepening his understanding of the landscape. Voloshin's paintings can be seen in the Feodosia Museum. Aivazovsky, where the works of artists Fessler A.I. Latri M.P., Lagorio L.f., Magdesian E.Ya., Krainev V.V. are also presented, Barsamova N.S. and others.

He also lived on the peninsula for some time Vasiliev Fedor Alexandrovich(1850-1873) in the city of Yalta. He did not immediately get used to the bright colors of the Crimea, it happened gradually for him. Vasiliev's last landscape was the painting "In the Crimean Mountains".

I came to Crimea only twice Levitan Isaac Ilyich(1860-1900). During these trips, he created a series of sketches that convey the mood and originality of the Crimean landscape.

Korovin Konstantin Alekseevich(1861-1939) Crimea dazzled with the brightness of its colors and festive colors. The artist paints landscapes of Sevastopol, Gurzuf, Yalta, etc.
In 1910, in Gurzuf, he built a dacha-workshop, and in 1947 it became the House of Creativity. Korovin, where allied artists went to rest and work.

The theme of the Crimean peninsula is firmly entrenched in creativity Kuprin Alexander Vasilievich(1880-1960). The artist visited many cities of the coastal Crimea, painted the streets of Bakhchisarai, mountains, historical monuments. His first work is considered "Deer Mountain".

Roubaud Franz Alekseevich(1856-1928) created a huge canvas (115 × 4 m) of a panorama dedicated to the first defense of Sevastopol. This canvas shows one of the events of the 349 defense, the reflection of the assault on June 6, 1855. The artist wrote many sketches, and the canvas itself was painted in Munich.
During the Second World War, part of the canvas was destroyed and it was restored by 17 Soviet artists under the leadership of V.N. Yakovlev, and later P.P. Sokolov-Skalk.

In 1959, the opening of the Diarama "Storming Sapun Mountain on May 7, 1944" took place in Sevastopol. The canvas has been drawn battle painters Marchenko G.I., Maltsev P.T., Prisekin N.S. Some of the participants in the assault were drawn in compliance with portrait likeness.

Outstanding master of battle painting Samokish Nikolay Semenovich(1860-1944) was a student of Franz Roubaud. He lived first in Evpatoria, and then in Simferopol.
"Passage of the Red Army through the Sivash" (1935) - this is the best work of the artist recreates the revolutionary impulse of the soldiers of our army, their mass heroism.
In Simferopol, Samokish created a studio and directed its work. The Simferopol Art School is named after him.

Before the start of the war in Sevastopol Alexandrovich Deineka(1899-1969) created numerous sketches, watercolors, and his famous painting "Future Pilots".

The works of all these masters have left us a piece of the past so that we know what Crimea was like before us ...

The beautiful Crimean landscapes have attracted the attention of painters at all times. The endless sky, majestic rocks, silvery sea waves seem to have been created so that artists bring them to life on their canvases

The most famous paintings dedicated to Crimea belong to the 19th and 20th centuries. Then, in their work, the beauty and original character of this corner of Russia was glorified by a whole galaxy of great masters. The main of them, of course, was I.K. Aivazovsky, whose life was inextricably linked with Feodosia.

The Crimean Sea occupies a central place in the artist's work. In the paintings of the famous artist I.K. Aivazovsky, it is either peaceful and calm ("Evening in the Crimea. Yalta", "Sunrise in Feodosia", "Gurzuf", "Sunset at the Crimean shores"), then rebellious and formidable ("Sea. Koktebel", "Old Feodosia" , "The Ninth Wave", "Storm at Sea at Night", "Fleeing from a Shipwreck", "The Storm at Cape Aya"). More than half of the canvases are devoted to the raging elements and almost always to the persistent person who fights against it.

In the paintings of A.I. Kuindzhi air takes on a "color": the master's creations are so picturesque. The artist especially fell in love with Cape Kekeneiz, Uzun-Tash - his main works were written here. In them, form and color are harmoniously interconnected and inseparable from lines and colors, which opens up a completely new look at the Crimean landscapes. "Sea shore. Crimea "," Cypresses on the seashore. Crimea "," Boat at sea. Crimea "," Dali. Crimea "- on all canvases the edge appears fresh, light, airy, enchanting.

Crimea appears quite special in the paintings of Georgy Leman. The romantic and serene state of nature, airy and delicate colors, light and lyrical mood - the artist's canvases are full of harmony, they breathe peace and quiet. This is a light, almost weightless Crimea, which is permeated with soft light and seems to float between the sky and the sea.

Georgy Leman "Solnechny Gurzuf" 1991
oil on canvas

Hazy sky, mountains and rocks, azure sea, green trees - the day turned out to be sunny and clear. Gurzuf is gradually reviving: the inhabitants are nowhere to be seen, but a light and nimble boat is already rushing along the surface of the sea.
The artist was able to convey a sense of presence. The smell of the sea and the gentle breeze, the warmth of the sun's rays become real, as if the viewer is on the shore and at any moment can step into the unhurried waves.
The landscape is harmonious and self-sufficient. It is devoid of sharp corners, cutting lines or flashy colors. The sea, mountains and sky flow into each other, making up a single whole and completely capturing the viewer's attention. You can admire the canvas for a long time: it calms and evokes thoughts of serene relaxation, summer cloudless days and picturesque corners of nature. Soft blues, pinks and greens create an atmosphere of peace and tranquility.

I.I. came to the peninsula several times. Levitan. The result of these trips was a series of sketches, which, in the style characteristic of the artist, conveys the originality of the unique local landscapes. In Crimea I.I. Levitan literally fell in love, never tired of walking the streets of Yalta, climbing the mountains and writing, writing, writing. This is how his famous paintings "In the Crimean Mountains", "Crimean Landscape", "Near the Sea Coast." Crimea "," Street in Yalta "and others.

With the brightness of colors and festivity, he conquered the Crimea and another famous painter - K.A. Korovin. In Gurzuf at the beginning of the 20th century, his dacha-workshop was built, which later became the House of Creativity. Inspired, the artist transferred the surrounding splendor of nature to his canvases: streams of air and light, blooming greenery, mountains drenched in the sun. Juicy colors, light and precise strokes captured the Crimea in such paintings as “Crimea. Gurzuf ”,“ Yalta at night ”,“ Pier in Gurzuf ”,“ Balcony in the Crimea ”.

Other Russian artists also dedicated their works to Crimea: K.F. Bogaevsky, M.A. Voloshin, F.A. Vasiliev, A.V. Kuprin, M.P. Latri, V.V. Vereshchagin, A.M. Vasnetsov. Each of them found in the local landscapes a unique beauty that one wants to admire and admire again and again.

Georgy Leman "Rainy day in Gurzuf" 1991
oil on canvas

In 1991, the artist painted another painting dedicated to the Crimea - "Rainy Day in Gurzuf". It is entirely done in gray-blue and blue and makes a light, airy impression.

During bad weather, Gurzuf is especially beautiful and majestic. The darkening sky hanging over the waves and the recalcitrant, raging sea near the horizon become practically inseparable. The compositional center of the picture is a formidable mountain: motionless and not subject to the storm.

Nothing distracts the viewer's attention from the laconic and austere landscape. It is devoid of images of objects, human figures and animals. Only the eternal sky, sea and mountains remain, beautiful in the wild nature.

Famous artists in Crimea

Since the second half of the 19th century, Crimea has been turning into a place of attraction for people of art. Most searched here inspiration- it was impossible not to admire the landscapes of the new pearl in the crown of the Russian Empire. On the peninsula it was possible to receive medical treatment. We must also not forget that here was going color of Petersburg society, and retained the ability to maintain the necessary connections. Let's start our story about artists in Crimea with names that we are not used to associating with Tavrida.

Konstantin Alekseevich Korovin

A student of Savrasov and Polenov, a "virtuoso decorator", as Diaghilev spoke of him, and an artist at the Imperial Theaters, who created stunning scenery for famous ballet and opera performances, an expert on northern nature, over time Korovin turns color into the main means of expression. Korovin finds a harmony of beauty in the colors of France, Spain and Crimea, which captivated the artist. He captivated him so much that Korovin decides to build a dacha in Gurzuf, which turned into a workshop. From 1914 to 1917, Korovin lived at his dacha permanently. His guests here were Chaliapin, Gorky, Surikov, Repin, Kuprin. In his memoirs about the dacha, the artist especially emphasizes the roses and the sea, the blue Black Sea.

Fruit Basket, Gurzuf, 1916

In the garden. Gurzuf, 1914

Arkhip Ivanovich Kuindzhi

Born in the town of Karasevka (now one of the quarters of Mariupol), the artist has been associated with Crimea all his life. He came to Crimea as a boy in the hope of becoming a student of the great I.K. Aivazovsky, but the future genius was only "entrusted" with painting the fence. After 30 years, having already become famous himself, he buys a large plot near the village of Kikeneiz (now it is Landslide, just above Ponizovka on the territory of Big Yalta). Having spent an impressive amount of 30 thousand rubles on the purchase, at first Kuindzhi and his wife live in a hut. Arkhip Ivanovich avoided society, it was a period of seclusion.

This period ended in 1901, when Kuindzhi decided to show his friends several new works. Art critics note that on the artist's canvases, created in the Crimea, the air has acquired "color".

Seashore, Crimea

Isaac Ilyich Levitan

Pictures of Crimean nature did not become the main theme in the work of the singer of Russian nature - the famous artist Levitan. He visited the peninsula in 1886 to recover from his failing health, and brought back from this trip almost fifty landscapes: pencil sketches, sketches in oil and watercolors. But ahead of the great painter, graduated from school without an artist's diploma (according to his diploma, Levitan was listed only as a calligraphy teacher) was a meeting with the Volga and the main paintings in his life.

Who knows, if fate had turned out differently and Levitan was given a few more years of life, maybe today we admired the Crimean creations of the Master? After all, Crimea and the opened "eternal beauty" of Levitan shocked, which he confessed in a letter to Chekhov. But even those pictures that we know are very interesting.

Ai-Petri, 1886

Another group is made up of artists whose life is inextricably linked with the Crimea. First of all, these are Bogaevsky and Aivazovsky.

Konstantin Fedorovich Bogaevsky

A Crimean, a native of Feodosia, whose first works were favorably received by Aivazovsky himself, Konstantin Bogaevsky later became a student of Kuindzhi. Bogaevsky lived in Crimea, understood the Crimean nature and dedicated his work to it. The painting of Konstantin Fedorovich itself is the landscapes and history of the peninsula.

Evening by the sea, 1941

Ivan Constantinovich Aivazovski

The story about the artists in Crimea cannot be completed without mentioning the most famous Crimean painter Ivan Aivazovsky. A native of Feodosia, Aivazovsky, the first drawing teacher was the German Johann Gross, who gave the young talent a recommendation for admission to the Academy of Arts. For the painting "Calm" Aivazovsky receives a grant for a two-year trip to Crimea and Europe, almost dies in the Bay of Biscay, returns safely to Russia in 1844. The artist is recognized and treated kindly by the authorities - he was granted the nobility, he is appointed a painter of the Main Naval Staff (Aivazovsky will rise to the rank of rear admiral). A year later, Ivan Konstantinovich moved to Feodosia, where he became one of the founders of the Cimmerian school of painting. Aivazovsky opens his own school of arts, allocates funds for the improvement of his hometown, the protection of Crimean monuments and for archaeological excavations, at his own expense he is building a Museum of Antiquities in Feodosia. But first of all, Aivazovsky is known throughout the world as a marine painter. He painted some of his paintings after a trip to besieged Sevastopol during the Crimean War.