Artistic thinking in science is short. Artistic Thinking at the Forefront of Science - Knowledge Hypermarket

Lesson number 12.

Theme: Artistic thinking at the forefront of science

The purpose of the lesson: forming students' understanding about the numerous functions of art, the ability to correlate new sciences with art, the formation of competently expressing one's attitude to works of art .

Tasks: to expand the knowledge of students about the scientific value of artistic knowledge on the examples of masterpieces of literature, music, fine arts, to foster motivation for educational activities.

Lesson type : a lesson in the assimilation of new knowledge.

Lesson form: teacher's story with elements of creative work of students.
Technical equipment of the lesson : computer presentation, tests, reproductions of paintings.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction. Emotional mood with an epigraph :

"Art does not reach its meaning when it is limited to what fascinates people, without at the same time inspiring in them all that is the greatness of life."

J. Rainier

Formulation of the problem: What knowledge does art give?
Art helps people pay attention to the fact that in everyday life they themselves do not always see. It kind of opens up familiar things and phenomena from a new perspective. It is especially important that art gives people knowledge sometimes imperceptibly unobtrusively.

In the history of mankind, art has repeatedly discovered knowledge of scientific significance. For example, an artist of the 18th century.J.-E. Lyotard in the picture "Shokoladnitsa" decomposed the light according to laws that were still unknown to physics at that time.

19th century French science fiction writer J. Verne in the novel "20 thousand leagues under the sea" predicted the appearance of a submarine, and the Russian writer of the XX century. A. Tolstoy in the novel "The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin" - the appearance of the laser.Artist Wassily Kandinsky, Having developed a theory of the influence of color on human emotions, he approached the solution of the problems of modern psychology and art therapy (healing by art).
Scientists who digitized and mathematically calculated works of French artist V. van Gogh , claim that he possessed a unique gift to see that which is not given to mere mortals - air currents. The artist's peculiar, seemingly chaotically looped manner of writing, as it turned out, is nothing more than a brightness distribution corresponding to the mathematical description of a turbulent flow, the theory of which was laid down by the great mathematician A. Kolmogorov only by the middle of the 20th century. Scientists, explaining the phenomenon of turbulence, solve a serious problem in aviation: after all, today it is turbulence that becomes the cause of many air disasters.

One of the unique guesses about the polyphony of the Universe was the greatest musical creative discovery of the 17th century. - fugue- the genre of polyphonic music, which was developed in the work of I.-S. Bach. Two and a half centuries later, A. Einstein, the creator of the theory of relativity, will say that the Universe is a layer cake, where each layer has its own time and its own density, structure, forms of movement and existence. This is, in fact, an image that brings us closer to understanding the fugue. It is the fugue with its voices entering at different times that represents a kind of figurative model of the structure of the Universe.
Of course, for art, predicting the future or discovering new scientific facts is not the main goal, this is just one of its many functions. It can be said to be a side effect. But it is very indicative for understanding the importance of artistic-figurative thinking in the cultural development of mankind. As you know, cultural development also includes the achievement of technical progress. In the history of culture, there are many different facts confirming this.

Science and art - these are two areas of activity that accompany the development of mankind throughout its entire existence.

Examples of the activities of Leonardo da Vinci one can understand how inextricably scientific and artistic creativity is. The drawing "Vitruvian Man" symbolizes internal symmetry, the Divine proportion of the human body. Two superimposed figures are inscribed in a circle and a square. This drawing determined the canonical proportions of the image of a person for European art of the next time. In the XX century. on the basis of this drawing, a scale of proportions was left, which influenced the figurative decisions of modern architecture.

The genius of the Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci already in the 15th century. developed a model of an aircraft! True, it was never built then, but the drawings have survived.
Amazing texts by Leonardo da Vinci, with which he accompanies his drawings of a compass and a plow: "Persistent perseverance", "The obstacle does not bend me. Every obstacle is destroyed by persistence. The one who aspires to the star does not turn around ”.

French writer Honore de Balzac (1799-1850) in his epic "The Human Comedy", which includes many novels and stories, before scientists made separate observations related to the biological nature of man, investigated the psychology of mental deformation of the personality.

French writer Jules Verne (1828-1905), one of the founders of the science fiction genre, predicted flights to the moon at a time when there were no planes, let alone rockets. In many of the writer's works, there is a protest against the use of science for criminal purposes. So he foresaw this possibility too!

Russian writer, Count Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy (1882-1945), the author of famous historical novels, wrote several equally popular science fiction works. In them, he predicted the appearance of a laser and spaceships.

Russian engineer Lev Sergeevich Termen (1896-1993) foresaw the emergence of the modern synthesizer and the sound of electronic music. In 1920, he invented the theremin, an electric musical instrument on which sound is produced by moving the performer's hands in an electromagnetic field near a metal antenna. Theremin can sound like a violin, cello, flute. The instrument is intended for the performance of any (classical, pop, jazz) musical compositions, as well as for creating various sound effects (birds singing, whistling, etc.), which are used in sounding films, in theatrical performances, and circus programs. L. Theremin believed that the most successful work for demonstrating the capabilities of the theremin was "Vocalise" by S. Rachmaninov. Science fiction not only projected the technological progress of mankind, but also sought to predict the future of man and society.

Questions:

1. What is one of the many functions of art, which gives an understanding of the importance of artistic-figurative thinking in the cultural development of mankind?

2. Give examples of predicting future discoveries and advances in science in works of art.

3. Give other examples of the scientific value of artistic knowledge.

Lesson 13 Topic: Artist and Scientist
Many outstanding scientists appreciated art and admitted that without music, painting, literary creativity, they would not have made their discoveries in science. Perhaps it was the emotional upsurge in artistic activity that prepared and pushed them to a creative breakthrough in science.

In order to open both for science and for art the laws of the proportion of the golden section, the ancient Greek scientists had to be artists in their souls. And indeed it is.

They were interested in Pythagoras musical proportions and ratios. Moreover, music was the basis of the entire Pythagorean doctrine of number.For Pythagoras, music was a derivative of the divine science of mathematics, and its harmonies were tightly controlled by mathematical proportions. The Pythagoreans argued that mathematics demonstrates the exact method by which God established and established the universe.Numbers therefore precede harmony, since their immutable laws govern all harmonic proportions. After the discovery of these harmonious relationships, Pythagoras gradually initiated his followers into this teaching, as the highest secret of his Mysteries. He divided the multiple parts of creation into a large number of planes or spheres, to each of which he attributed tone, harmonic spacing, number, name, color and shape. Then he proceeded to prove the accuracy of his deductions, demonstrating them on various planes of mind and substances, starting with the most abstract logical premises and ending with the most concrete geometric bodies. From the general fact of the consistency of all these different methods of proof, he established the unconditional existence of certain natural laws. "

It is known that A. Einstein, in the XX v. who overturned many established scientific ideas, music helped in his work. He enjoyed playing the violin as much as working.Close acquaintances describe Einstein as a sociable, friendly, cheerful, witty, with an excellent sense of humor, note his kindness, willingness to help at any moment, complete absence captivating human charm .

Einstein was passionate about music, especially writing ... Over the years, among his preferred composers were , , , and , and in recent years - ... He played well the violin, which he never parted with. From fiction, he spoke with admiration of prose , , , plays ... I was also fond of , , (even wrote an article on yacht steering theory). In private life, he was unpretentious, at the end of his life he invariably appeared in his favorite warm sweater.

Despite his colossal scientific authority, he did not suffer from excessive conceit, willingly admitted that he could be wrong, and if this happened, he publicly admitted his error. This happened, for example, in when he criticized the article predicting ... After receiving a letter from Friedman explaining the controversial details, Einstein reported in the same journal that he was wrong, and Friedman's results are valuable and "shed new light" on possible models of cosmological dynamics.

Many discoveries of scientists have rendered an invaluable service to art.

French physicist of the XIX century. Pierre Curie conducted research on the symmetry of crystals. He discovered an interesting and important thing for science and art: a partial lack of symmetry gives rise to the development of an object, while complete symmetry stabilizes its appearance and state. This phenomenon was called dissymmetry (not symmetry). Curie's law states:dissymmetry creates a phenomenon.

In the middle of the twentieth century. the concept also appeared in science"Antisymmetry ”, That is, against (opposite) symmetry. If the generally accepted concept"asymmetry" both for science and for art means "not quite exact symmetry", then antisymmetry is a certain property and its negation, that is, opposition. In life and in art, these are eternal opposites: good - evil, life - death, left - right, top - bottom, etc.

"They forgot that science developed from poetry: they did not take into account the consideration that in the course of time both can perfectly meet again for mutual benefit on a higher level." I.-V. Goethe

Today this prophecy is coming true. The synthesis of scientific and artistic knowledge leads to the emergence of new sciences (synergetics, fractal geometry, etc.), forms a new artistic language of art.

Dutch painter and geometer Maurits Escher (1898-1972 ) built his decorative works on the basis of antisymmetry. He, like Bach in music, was a very strong mathematician in graphics. The image of the city in the engraving "Day and Night" is mirror-symmetrical, but on the left side it is day, on the right - night. The images of white birds flying away into the night form the silhouettes of black birds rushing into the day. It is especially interesting to observe how the figures gradually emerge from the irregular asymmetric forms of the background.
Exercise:
Find in the reference literature the concepts of "synergetics", "fractal", "fractal geometry". Consider how these new sciences relate to art.

Remember the familiar phenomenon of color music, which gained its popularity thanks to the work of the composer of the 20th century. A. N. Scriabin.

What are the literary works with antisymmetric titles (example "The Prince and the Pauper"). Think of folk tales based on antisymmetric events.

Influenced by the discoveries of radioactivity and ultraviolet rays in science, Russian artist Mikhail Fedorovich Larionov (1881-1964)in 1912 he founded one of the first abstract movements in Russia -rayonism ... He believed that it was necessary to depict not the objects themselves, but the energy flows coming from them, represented in the form of rays.

The study of the problems of optical perception prompted the French painter Robert Delaunay (1885-1941) at the beginning of the twentieth century. on the idea of ​​the formation of characteristic circular surfaces and planes, which, creating a multicolored storm, dynamically took possession of the space of the picture. The abstract color rhythm aroused the emotions of the audience. The interpenetration of the basic colors of the spectrum and the intersection of curved surfaces in Delaunay's works create dynamics and a truly musical development of rhythm.

One of his first works was a colored disc, shaped like a target, but the color transitions of its constituent neighboring elements have additional colors, which gives the disc extraordinary energy.

Russian artist Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov (1882-1941) executed in the 20s. XX century. graphic composition - one of the "formulas of the Universe".In it, he predicted the movement of subatomic particles, with the help of which modern physicists are trying to find the formula for the universe.

Artistic and creative tasks

> Sketch a coat of arms, trademark or emblem (pencil, pen, ink; collage or applique; computer graphics) using different types of symmetry.

> Perform decorative work using antisymmetry as an imaging principle (like M. Escher's engravings).

Lesson number 12.

Theme:Artistic thinking at the forefront of science

The purpose of the lesson:forming students' understandingabout the numerous functions of art, the ability to correlate new sciences with art, the formation of competently expressing one's attitude to works of art.

Tasks: to expand the knowledge of students about the scientific value of artistic knowledge on the examples of masterpieces of literature, music, fine arts, to foster motivation for educational activities.

Lesson type: a lesson in the assimilation of new knowledge.

Lesson form: teacher's story with elements of creative work of students.
Technical equipment of the lesson: computer presentation, tests, reproductions of paintings.

Lesson plan:

1. Introduction. Emotional mood with an epigraph :

"Art does not reach its meaning when it is limited to what fascinates people, without at the same time inspiring in them all that is the greatness of life."

J. Rainier

Formulation of the problem:What knowledge does art give? Of course, for art, predicting the future or discovering new scientific facts is not the main goal, this is just one of its many functions. It can be said to be a side effect. But it is very indicative for understanding the importance of artistic and figurative thinking in the cultural development of mankind. As you know, cultural development also includes the achievement of technical progress. V stories culture there are many different facts confirming this. Genius of the era Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci already in the 15th century. developed a model of an aircraft! True, it was never built then, but the drawings have survived.
Art helps people pay attention to the fact that in everyday life they themselves do not always see. It kind of opens up familiar things and phenomena from a new perspective. It is especially important that art gives people knowledge at times imperceptibly unobtrusively. In the history of mankind, art has repeatedly discovered knowledge of scientific significance. For example, an artist of the 18th century. J.-E. Lyotard in the picture"Shokoladnitsa" decomposed the light according to laws that were still unknown to physics at that time.

19th century French science fiction writer J. Verne in the novel"20 thousand leagues under the sea" predicted the appearance of a submarine, and the Russian writer of the XX century. A. Tolstoy in the novel "The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin" - the appearance of the laser. Artist Wassily Kandinsky, Having developed a theory of the influence of color on human emotions, he approached the solution of the problems of modern psychology and art therapy (healing by art).
Scientists who digitized and mathematically calculated works of Frenchartist V. van Gogh , claim that he possessed a unique gift to see that which is not given to mere mortals - air currents. The artist's peculiar, seemingly chaotically looped manner of writing, as it turned out, is nothing more than a brightness distribution corresponding to the mathematical description of a turbulent flow, the theory of which was laid down by the great mathematician A. Kolmogorov only by the middle of the 20th century. Scientists, explaining the phenomenon of turbulence, solve a serious problem in aviation: after all, today it is turbulence that becomes the cause of many air disasters.

One of the unique guesses about the polyphony of the Universe was the greatest musical creative discovery of the 17th century. - fugue - a genre of polyphonic music, which was developed in the works of I.-S. Bach. Two and a half centuries later, A. Einstein, the creator of the theory of relativity, will say that the Universe is a layer cake, where each layer has its own time and density, structure, forms of movement and existence. This is, in fact, an image that brings us closer to understanding the fugue. It is the fugue with its voices entering at different times that represents a kind of figurative model of the structure of the Universe.
Of course, for art, predicting the future or discovering new scientific facts is not the main goal, this is just one of its many functions. It can be said to be a side effect. But it is very indicative for understanding the importance of artistic and figurative thinking in the cultural development of mankind. As you know, cultural development also includes the achievement of technical progress. In the history of culture, there are many different facts confirming this.

Science and art - these are two areas of activity that accompany the development of mankind throughout its entire existence.


Examples of the activities of Leonardo da Vinci one can understand how inextricably scientific and artistic creativity is. The drawing "Vitruvian Man" symbolizes internal symmetry, the Divine proportion of the human body. Two superimposed figures are inscribed in a circle and a square. This drawing determined the canonical proportions of the image of a person for European art of the subsequent time. In the XX century. on the basis of this drawing, a scale of proportions was left, which influenced the figurative decisions of modern architecture.

The genius of the Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci already in the 15th century. developed a model of an aircraft! True, it was never built then, but the drawings have survived.
Amazing texts by Leonardo da Vinci, with which he accompanies his drawings of a compass and a plow: "Persistent perseverance", "The obstacle does not bend me. Every obstacle is destroyed by persistence. The one who aspires to the star does not turn around ”.

French writer Honore de Balzac(1799-1850) in his epic "The Human Comedy", which includes many novels and stories, before scientists made separate observations related to the biological nature of man, investigated the psychology of mental deformation of the personality.

French writer Jules Verne(1828-1905), one of the founders of the science fiction genre, predicted flights to the moon at a time when there were no planes, let alone rockets. In many of the writer's works, there is a protest against the use of science for criminal purposes. So he foresaw this possibility too!

Russian writer, Count Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy(1882-1945), the author of famous historical novels, wrote several equally popular science fiction works. In them, he predicted the appearance of a laser and spaceships.
Russian engineer Lev Sergeevich Termen(1896-1993) foresaw the emergence of the modern synthesizer and the sound of electronic music. In 1920 he invented the theremin, an electric musical instrument on which the sound is produced by moving the performer's hands in an electromagnetic field near a metal antenna. Theremin can sound like a violin, cello, flute. The instrument is intended for the performance of any (classical, pop, jazz) musical compositions, as well as for creating various sound effects (birds singing, whistling, etc.), which are used in sounding films, in theatrical performances, and circus programs. L. Theremin believed that the most successful work for demonstrating the capabilities of the theremin was "Vocalise" by S. Rachmaninov. Science fiction not only projected the technological progress of mankind, but also sought to predict the future of man and society.

Questions:

1. What is one of the many functions of art, which gives an understanding of the importance of artistic-figurative thinking in the cultural development of mankind?

2. Give examples of predicting future discoveries and advances in science in works of art.

3. Give other examples of the scientific value of artistic knowledge.

Scientific thinking is a special type of cognitive activity aimed at developing objective, systemically organized and substantiated knowledge about nature, man and society. Creativity is an activity, the result of which is the creation of new material and spiritual values, distinguished by novelty and originality, uniqueness.

Features of scientific thinking (cognition): objectivity; the development of the conceptual apparatus (categoricality); rationality (consistency, evidence, consistency); verifiability; high level of generalization; universality (explores any phenomenon from the side of patterns and causes); the use of special ways and methods of cognitive activity. Features of creative thinking (cognition): Originality, unusual ideas. Semantic flexibility is the ability to see an object from different angles. Figurative flexibility is the ability to change the perception of an object in order to see its hidden sides. The ability to use different ideas in an uncertain situation.

Universal methods of scientific thinking (cognition): Universal methods of creative thinking (cognition): analysis, synthesis, deduction, analogy, modeling, abstraction; idealization Experimenting synthesis of logical thinking and imagination Analogy Modeling Abstraction Idealization Experimenting

Conclusion: Scientific knowledge also includes certain moments of artistic perception. Art gives the scientist fruitful intuitions, enriches him with subtle meanings, develops his sensitivity, the ability of understanding and mental contemplation.

Creative thinking is thinking, the result of which is the discovery of a fundamentally new or improved solution to a particular problem. Creative thinking is about creating new ideas. (Ya.A. Ponomarev).

Generalization: Both science and art live in a common cultural field, dealing with the same reality. In the philosophical literature, the point of view is even expressed that in fact there are no two different types of cognition - artistic and scientific, there is a single cognition based on the same fundamental laws of the human mind.

Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749 -1832) Creator of comparative anatomy, modern plant morphology, physiological optics, the concept of homology, morphological type, metamorphosis, the idea of ​​the ice age.

Jules Verne (1828-1905) French geographer and writer predicted scientific discoveries and inventions in a wide variety of fields, including the emergence of scuba gear, television, and video communications.

Honore de Balzac (1799-1850) Earlier, scientists made separate observations related to the biological nature of man, investigated the psychology of mental deformation of the individual.

Expressionism - (from Lat. Expressio, "expression") - a trend in European art of the era of modernism, which received the greatest development in the first decades of the XX century, mainly in Germany and Austria. Expressionism seeks not so much to reproduce reality as to express the emotional state of the author.

Avant-garde Avant-garde (from the French. Avant-garde - "vanguard") - a conventional name for various trends in contemporary art that arose at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. Avant-garde is characterized by a break with the traditions of the realistic art of the past, the search for new expressive means and forms. The avant-garde is a search for a certain “new perception of the world”, “sound outlook”.

Avant-garde Directions of avant-garde music: Dodecaphony Serial music Aleatorics Concrete music Sonoristics Stechastic music Pointillism Collage Electronic music Rock music

composition number 7 "Moscow", 1916 composition number 8

Class: 9

Lesson presentation

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Target: improving knowledge about the importance of culture in the artistic picture of the world.

Tasks:

• teach to think about the relationship and relationship between science and art in the modern world; give examples of the scientific value of artistic knowledge;
• to reveal a holistic image of the XX century epoch based on works of various types of art;
• be able to create a color palette of a musical fragment;
• the formation of the spiritual culture of students.

Lesson type: lesson in communication and systematization of knowledge.

Genre: integrated.

Lesson type: reflection lesson.

Equipment: TSO, visual aids, piano

Lesson summary:

Slides 1, 2

Introduction

Already at the beginning of life, a person manifests the need for self-expression through creativity, a person learns to think creatively, although the ability to such thinking is not necessary for survival. Creative comprehension is one of the ways of active knowledge of the world, and it is this that makes progress possible, both for an individual and for humanity as a whole.
Science and art are completely self-sufficient areas of culture, scientific and artistic activities are significantly different. Nevertheless, a certain closeness, relationship between science and art has long been noted.

- Is there a border between science and art? (Answers of children)

Consider these 2 areas of life:

Main part

ART: SCIENCE:

sensual rational
concrete abstract
value-emotional cognitive-theoretical

Indeed, artistic perception operates with specific sensory images, is based on a holistic experience of the world.
Let's take a look at what scientific thinking and creative thinking are? What are the differences and similarities?

So what is it creativity, scientific and creative thinking? (Answers of children)

Creative thinking - This is thinking, the result of which is the discovery of a fundamentally new or improved solution to a particular problem. Creative thinking is about creating new ideas. (Ya.A. Ponomarev).

Splicing art and science

Scientific creativity is impossible on the basis of pure logic alone.
Science is a combination of the logical and the intuitive, Wagner and Faust, or Salieri and Mozart. In other words, both Mozart and Salieri create science, but art is only Mozart.

For a scientist, art is an important factor that stimulates creative activity, causes him a state of emotional uplift and inspiration, liberates fantasy and imagination. Art enlightens and enriches his mind. Biographical observations show that many prominent scientists were not very alien to art.

A. Einstein played the violin, M. Planck was a talented pianist, Slide 11 L. Euler studied the theory of music and issues of color-musical associations, and I. Prigogine connected his life with music in early childhood (he learned notes before he could read) ...

So is there a difference between scientific and artistic knowledge? (Answers of children)

Generalization: Both science and art live in a common cultural field and deal with the same reality. In the philosophical literature, the point of view is even expressed that in fact there are no two different types of cognition - artistic and scientific, there is a single cognition based on the same fundamental laws of the human mind.
Any work of art is directed towards future... The ability for providence is inherent in great artists, perhaps it is in it that the main strength of art lies.
As you know, cultural development also includes the achievement of technical progress. In the history of culture, there are many different facts confirming this.
Leonardo da Vinci invented a model of an aircraft, a tank, a hang-glider and more than a hundred other modern devices in ... 15th century!
Let's listen to the prepared messages of your classmates about the genius creators of world culture who were ahead of their time and predicted future discoveries.

At a later time, the work of I.V. Goethe (1749-1832).

French writer Jules Verne(1828-1905), one of the founders of the science fiction genre, predicted flights to the moon at a time when there were no planes, let alone rockets.

Many works of literature, cinema, theater, telling about scientific discoveries will not teach how to set up experiments or make experiments. But they will learn from them what different people are engaged in science, how the path of research depends on the individuality of the scientist, and how dangerous it is when individuals who are far from its interests penetrate into science.

The French artist V. van Gogh had a unique gift to see air currents. As it turned out, the artist's peculiar, as if chaotically looped, manner of painting was nothing more than a brightness distribution corresponding to the mathematical description of a turbulent flow, the theory of which was laid by the great mathematician A. Kolmogorov (Slide 17) only by the middle of the XX century.

The great mathematician of the XX century A. Einstein directly felt the inextricable link between science and art, the tasks of which are ultimately the same - they are reduced to the knowledge and display of the harmony of the real world. One of the main motives for pursuing science, according to Einstein, is to "somehow create in oneself a simple and clear picture of the world ... This is done by the artist, poet, theorizing philosopher and natural scientist, each in his own way" ... Thus, science is moving closer to art.

One of the unique guesses about the polyphony of the Universe was the greatest musical creative discovery of the 17th century. - fugue - a genre of polyphonic music, which was developed in the works of I.-S. Bach. Two and a half centuries later, A. Einstein, the creator of the theory of relativity, will say that the Universe is a layer cake, where each layer has its own time and its own density, structure, forms of movement and existence. This is, in fact, an image that brings us closer to understanding the fugue. It is the fugue with its voices entering at different times that represents a kind of figurative model of the structure of the Universe.

(Listening to music by J.S.Bach)

Describe your experience - (children's answers)

Of course, for art, predicting the future or discovering new scientific facts is not the main goal, this is just one of its many functions. It can be said to be a side effect. But it is very revealing to understand
the importance of artistic and imaginative thinking in the cultural development of mankind.

French writer Honore de Balzac(1799-1850) in his epic "The Human Comedy", which includes many novels and stories, before scientists made separate observations related to the biological nature of man, investigated the psychology of mental deformation of the personality.

Russian writer, Count Alexei Nikolaevich Tolstoy (1882-1945), author of famous historical novels, wrote several equally popular science fiction works. In them, he predicted the appearance of a laser and spaceships.
Art, like science, is also capable of inventing new means of expression, discovering new phenomena and patterns.

New directions of the XX century

In art, the beginning of the XX century. marked by a sharp increase in ideological and stylistic confrontation between different directions, a rapid change in artistic trends.
Some representatives of new musical trends started talking about the obsolescence, "uselessness" of the great symphony with its too strict schedule "and pre-planned structural schemes.

At the beginning of the 20th century, a new artistic direction appeared in culture:

Expressionism, who for the first time emotionally expressed various states and thoughts of a person.

In the middle of the century, many modernist trends arose, and the desire to use new means of expression intensified. The so-called avant-garde art has become one of the brightest trends.

Slides 23-25

One of the brightest representatives of avant-garde art is the artist Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944).

The most famous works of Kandinsky. Composition 7, 1913, Composition 8, 1914; Moscow, 1916 V. Kandinsky, having developed a theory of the influence of color on human emotions, approached the solution of the problems of modern psychology and art therapy (healing by art).

Russian artist Mikhail Fedorovich Larionov (1881-1964) became the creator of one of the areas of abstract art - rayism (under the influence of the discoveries of radioactivity and ultraviolet rays in science).

Dutch painter and geometer Maurits Escher(1898-1972) built his decorative works on the basis of antisymmetry. He, like Bach in music, was a very strong mathematician in graphics. The image of the city in the engraving "Day and Night" is mirror-symmetrical, but on the left side it is day, and on the right side it is night. The images of white birds flying away into the night form the silhouettes of black birds rushing into the day. It is especially interesting to observe how the figures gradually emerge from the irregular asymmetric forms of the background.

Russian artist Pavel Nikolaevich Filonov(1882-1941) completed in the 20s. XX century. graphic composition - one of the "formulas of the Universe". In it, he predicted the movement of subatomic particles, with the help of which modern physicists are trying to find the formula for the universe.

The development of science, a creative upsurge in all spheres of society in the 20th century leads to the emergence of new musical instruments.

Russian engineer Lev Sergeevich Termen(1896-1993) - Russian and Soviet inventor, creator of the original musical instrument - the theremin. He foresaw the emergence of electronic music. In 1920, he invented the theremin, an electromusical instrument on which sound is produced by moving the performer's hands in an electromagnetic field near a metal antenna. Theremin can sound like a violin, cello, flute; perform any (classical, pop, jazz) musical works, and can also create various sound effects (wheel creak, birds singing, whistling, etc.). L. Theremin believed that the most successful piece to demonstrate the capabilities of the theremin was "Vocalise" by S. Rachmaninov.

Watching a video.

The principles of operation underlying the theremin were also used by Theremin when creating a security system that responds to a person's approach to a protected object. The Kremlin and the Hermitage, and later also foreign museums, were equipped with such a system.

In the modern world, there is a further fusion of science and art. We are witnessing new trends in art, bright scientific discoveries.

In laser shows, "light music" (light picture compared with musical accompaniment), computer music are widely used; there was a technique for creating 3D pictures on asphalt and houses, etc.

Slides 33-34

Conclusion

Culture and all its highest achievements, just like all works of art, were created not by a crowd, but by individual genius and talented individuals. It is they who lead humanity along the path of progress. Only the one who has outstripped others in his development is able to catch, over the obsolete and decayed currents of our time, streams of new creative trends and be a true artist, creator of true and artistic works of art.

Art should go ahead of life, should give direction to it, should give people spiritual food, without which life is unthinkable, which in the times of all kinds of crises we are experiencing is more necessary than at any other time.

Outcome and reflection

The teacher's assessment of the work in the lesson of each group of children.

See the most famous engravings of M. Escher "Snakes", "Sun and Moon". What emotional states do they convey? Explain why. Give an interpretation of the plot of the prints.
Listen to a fragment of A. Scriabin's symphonic poem "Prometheus".

Draw a color score for this fragment. (D / h)

Homework:

Artistic and creative tasks

• Imagine some object or phenomenon in the form of energy flows emanating from it, as the artists - rayonists did. Perform the composition in any technique.
• Find music associated with this song.
• Perform decorative work using antisymmetry as the principle of obtaining an image (like M. Escher's engravings).

References and Internet resources:

1. E. D. Kritskaya, G. P. Sergeeva, I. E. Kashekova... Textbook “Art 8 - 9 grade - Moscow, Education, 2009. (electronic edition)
2. Lindsay G., Hull KS, Thompson R.F. Creative and critical thinking // Reader in general psychology. Psychology of thinking. Ed. Yu.B. Gippenreiter, V.V. Petukhova. M .: Publishing house of Moscow University, 1981
3. Ponomarev Ya.A. Psychology of creativity. Moscow: Nauka, 1976.
4. K.A. Svasyan. Goethe's philosophical outlook. Moscow, "Evidentis", 2001. © K.A. Svasyan, 2001-2014 © Electronic Publication - RVB, 2006-2014.
5. Feinberg E.P. The relationship between science and art in Einstein's worldview. "Questions of Philosophy" No. 3. 1979.
6. Kolmogorov A.N. Problems of information transmission, vol. 1, 1965: vol. 5, 1969.
8. Essay on the discipline "Practical psychology" on the topic: "Psychological features of the creative thinking of the individual" Urussu, teacher-speech therapist Galyautdinova Zulfiya Abuzarovna ba.zakachate.ru/docs/2800/index-1922233- 1 .html
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10.Copyright © 2014 PPt4WEB Inc. ll rоights reserved.
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12. www.grandars.ru ›Sociology›
13.dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_culture/943/Aleatorica
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15.esthetiks.ru/mishlenie-hudozhestvennoe.html
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