Physico-geographical map of Western Europe. Physical map of foreign Europe

Foreign Europe is a part of the European continent and several islands, covering a total area of ​​about 5 million square meters. km. It is home to about 8% of the world's population. Using a map of Foreign Europe by geography, you can determine the size of this region:

• from north to south, its territory occupies 5 thousand km;
• from east to west Europe stretches for almost 3 thousand km.

The region has a fairly diverse topography - there are flat and hilly territories, mountains and coastal coasts. Due to this geographical location, various climatic zones are represented in Europe. Abroad Europe is in a favorable geographic and economic position. It is conventionally divided into four areas:

• western;
• eastern;
• northern;
• southern.

Each of the regions includes about a dozen countries.

Rice. 1. Overseas Europe is shown in blue on the map

Driving from one end of Europe to the other, you can visit the eternal glaciers and subtropical forests.

Countries of Foreign Europe

Foreign Europe was formed by four dozen countries. There are other countries on the European mainland, but they do not belong to Foreign Europe, but are part of the CIS.

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Among the countries there are republics, principalities, kingdoms. Each of them has its own natural resources.

Almost all countries have maritime borders or are located at a short distance from the sea. This opens up additional trade and economic routes. The countries of Foreign Europe on the map are mostly small. This is especially noticeable in comparison with Russia, China, the United States and Canada. However, this does not prevent them from being one of the most highly developed in the world.

Rice. 2. Countries of Foreign Europe

Almost the entire population belongs to the Indo-European group, with the exception of emigrants from other countries. Most of the population preaches Christianity. Europe is one of the most urbanized regions - which means that cities are home to about 78% of the total population.

The table below shows European countries and capitals, with an indication of the number of inhabitants and the area of ​​the territory.

Table. Composition of Foreign Europe.

As you can see, the geographical picture of Europe Abroad is very diverse. The countries that make up it can be divided into several groups according to their location.

• Inland, that is, without borders with the sea. This includes 12 countries. Examples - Slovakia, Hungary.
• Insular, or completely located on islands, are 4 countries. Example - Great Britain.
• Peninsular are fully or partially located on the peninsula. For example, Italy.

Rice. 3. Iceland is one of the island states of Europe

The most highly developed economically and technically are four European countries - Italy, Great Britain, Germany, France. They are part of the G7 along with Canada, Japan and the United States.

What have we learned?

Foreign Europe is a relatively small area of ​​the European continent, which includes 40 countries. Most of them have maritime boundaries, some are located on the islands. The geographical location of European countries is favorable in most cases. Abroad Europe has a connection with the whole world.

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Europe is part of the continent of Eurasia. This part of the world is home to 10% of the world's population. Europe owes its name to the heroine of ancient Greek mythology. Europe is washed by the seas of the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Inland seas - Black, Mediterranean, Marmara. The eastern and southeastern border of Europe runs along the Ural Range, the Emba River and the Caspian Sea.

In ancient Greece, it was believed that Europe is a separate continent, which separates the Black and Aegean Seas from Asia, and the Mediterranean Sea from Africa. Later it was found that Europe is only part of the vast mainland. The area of ​​the islands that make up the continent is 730 thousand square kilometers. 1/4 of the territory of Europe falls on the peninsulas - the Apennine, Balkan, Kola, Scandinavian and others.

The highest point in Europe is the summit of Mount Elbrus, which is 5642 meters above sea level. On the map of Europe with countries in Russian, it can be seen that the largest lakes in the region are Geneva, Peipsi, Onega, Ladoga and Balaton.

All European countries are divided into 4 regions - Northern, Southern, Western and Eastern. Europe includes 65 countries. 50 countries are independent states, 9 are dependent and 6 are unrecognized republics. Fourteen states are island, 19 are inland, and 32 countries have access to the oceans and seas. On the map of Europe with countries and capitals, the borders of all European states are indicated. Three states have their territories, both in Europe and Asia. These are Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkey. Spain, Portugal and France all have part of their territory in Africa. Denmark and France have their territories in America.

The European Union includes 27 countries, and the NATO bloc - 25. The Council of Europe includes 47 states. The smallest state in Europe is the Vatican, and the largest is Russia.

The collapse of the Roman Empire marked the beginning of the division of Europe into Eastern and Western. Eastern Europe is the largest region on the continent. In the Slavic countries, the Orthodox religion prevails, in the rest - Catholicism. Cyrillic and Latin scripts are used. Western Europe unites Latin-speaking states. This part of the continent is the most economically developed part in the world. The Scandinavian and Baltic states unite to form Northern Europe. South Slavic, Greek and Roman-speaking countries form Southern Europe.

The political map of the world shows the borders between countries, often gives information about the state structure and form of government. Foreign Europe, the geography of which is studied in grade 11, includes 40 countries that have large differences in all these indicators.

Borders

The political map of Europe Abroad shows the borders between the countries that make up it. Foreign Europe has land borders with Russia and the CIS countries. The rest of the boundaries are maritime.

Most of the countries that make up Europe Abroad are coastal.

The territory of the region is divided into four parts - Western, Northern, Eastern, Southern Europe. This division began long ago and was driven by geographic, cultural and economic differences.

Rice. 1. Regions of Foreign Europe.

Today the political situation in Europe is quite stable and no significant changes are expected in the near future. The photo shows a modern political map in Russian.

Rice. 2. Countries of Foreign Europe.

Form of government and territorial structure

In addition to borders, with the help of a political map, you can determine such characteristics of countries as the form of government and territorial structure. What do these terms mean?

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• Form of government - This is the system of organizing the state power of the country. The order of their formation, duration of action, powers are indicated here.
• Territorial structure - the way of organizing the territory of the state. This is how the internal structure of the country is determined.

Today, there are two possible forms of government in the world:

• monarchy- when the country is ruled by a king;
• republic- in this case, the authorities are elected by the people.

There is also a third form - an absolute theocratic monarchy. In this case, the supreme authority belongs to the church. Today in the world there is only one state with such a form of government, and it is located in Europe Abroad. This is the Vatican City State.

Among the monarchies are distinguished absolute and constitutional... In the first case, the power belongs entirely to the king. In the second, the king obeys the laws of the constitution.

Republics are parliamentary and presidential... In the first case, the country is governed by a parliament headed by a president. In the second case, all power belongs to the president.

Rice. 3. The Vatican is the only city-state in the world with a church at its head.

According to the territorial structure, they are distinguished:

• unitary state: state administration comes from a single center and is not divided into regions;
• federation: there is a single control center and many subordinate fragments of the country, called subjects;
• confederation: is a union of two or more countries.

Characteristics of European countries in the table

M - monarchy
R - republic
Y - unitary
F - federation

As can be seen from the table, most of the countries of Foreign Europe are unitary republics. An interesting fact is that almost the entire Northern region is represented by monarchies. In the Eastern region, all countries are republics. In the southern and western regions of the republics and monarchies are approximately equal.

What have we learned?

The political map of Europe Abroad is formed from 40 states that have borders between themselves and other regions. Countries have land and sea borders. In terms of the form of government, republics with a unitary organization of the territory prevail.

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The map of Europe shows the western part of the continent Eurasia (Europe). The map shows the Atlantic, Arctic oceans. Seas washed by Europe: North, Baltic, Mediterranean, Black, Barents, Caspian.

Here is a political map of Europe with countries, a physical map of Europe with cities (capitals of European countries), an economic map of Europe. Most of the maps of Europe are presented in Russian.

Large map of European countries in Russian

All countries and cities of Europe with their capitals are marked in Russian on a large map of European countries. Highways are indicated on a large map of Europe. The map shows the distances between major cities in Europe. The map in the upper left corner is a map of the island of Iceland. The map of Europe is made in Russian on a scale of 1: 4500000. In addition to the island of Iceland, the islands of Europe are shown on the map: Great Britain, Sardinia, Corsica, Balearic Islands, Maine, Zealand Islands.

Map of Europe with countries (Political map)

On the map of Europe with countries, on the political map, all the countries of Europe are plotted. The countries shown on the map of Europe are: Austria, Albania, Andorra, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vatican, Great Britain, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Denmark, Ireland, Iceland, Spain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Romania, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Ukraine, Finland, France, Croatia, Montenegro, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden and Estonia. All designations on the map are in Russian. All European countries are marked with their borders and main cities, including capitals. The political map of Europe shows the main ports of the countries of Europe.

Map of European countries in Russian

On the map of the countries of Europe in Russian, the countries of Europe, the capitals of the countries of Europe, the oceans and seas washing Europe, the islands: Faroe, Scottish, Hebrides, Orkney, Balearic, Crete and Rhodes are shown.

Physical map of Europe with countries and cities.

On the physical map of Europe with countries and cities, the countries of Europe, the main cities of Europe, European rivers, seas and oceans with depths, mountains and hills of Europe, lowlands of Europe are indicated. The largest peaks of Europe are plotted on the physical map of Europe: Elbrus, Mont Blanc, Kazbek, Olympus. Separately highlighted maps of the Carpathians (scale 1: 8000000), map of the Alps (scale 1: 8000000), map of the Strait of Gibraltar (scale 1: 1000000). On the physical map of Europe, all designations are in Russian.

Economic map of Europe

Industrial centers are indicated on the economic map of Europe. The centers of ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy in Europe, centers of mechanical engineering and metalworking in Europe, centers of the chemical and petrochemical industries in Europe, centers of the forest industry, centers for the production of building materials in Europe, centers of light and food industries are marked. On the economic map of Europe, the lands with the cultivation of various crops are highlighted. The map of Europe shows mining sites, power plants in Europe. The size of the mining icon depends on the economic importance of the deposit.