Paustovsky's biography is briefly the most important thing. Paustovsky K.G

Konstantin Georgievich was born on May 19 (31), 1892 in Moscow into an Orthodox philistine family. However, in the first years of his life, Paustovsky moved a lot with his parents. Educated at the classical gymnasium in Kiev. While studying at the gymnasium, Paustovsky wrote his first story "On the Water" and published it in the Kiev magazine "Lights".

Then, in 1912, he entered the Kiev University, but soon continued his studies at the University of Moscow. There Paustovsky studied at the Faculty of Law. However, he failed to complete his education: because of the war, he left the university.

Writer's creativity

After serving in the sanitary detachment, he worked a lot at various factories. And having moved to Moscow in 1917, he changed his job to a more intellectual one - he became a reporter.
If we consider Paustovsky's brief biography, in 1916 his first work, Romantics, was launched. Work on this novel lasted for 7 years and was completed in 1923, and the novel was published only in 1935.

When the civil war ended, Paustovsky settled in Kiev, but he did not stay there for long either. He traveled a lot in Russia. During the trips I tried to transfer my impressions to paper. Only in the 1920s, works began to be published in the biography of Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky.

The first collection of stories "Oncoming Ships" was published in 1928.

The novel “Kara-Bugaz”, published in 1932 by the “Young Guard” publishing house, brings popularity to the writer. It was well received by critics, and they immediately distinguished Paustovsky among other Soviet writers.

Stories and fairy tales about nature and animals for children occupy a special place in the writer's work. Among them: "Warm Bread", "Steel Ring", "Hare Paws", "Badger Nose", "Cat Thief" and many others.

Last years and death

With the outbreak of the Great Patriotic War, Paustovsky began to work as a war correspondent. In 1956, as well as in 1961, collections with democratic content were published (Literary Moscow, Tarusa Pages), in which Paustovsky's works were also published. The writer gained worldwide recognition in the mid-1950s. At this time, he travels a lot in Europe. In 1965 he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature, but did not receive it.

Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky suffered from asthma for a long time, survived several heart attacks. The writer died on July 4, 1968 in Moscow and was buried in the Tarusa cemetery.

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Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky - Russian Soviet writer; modern readers are more familiar with such a facet of his work as stories and stories about nature for a children's audience.

Paustovsky was born on May 31 (May 19, O.S.) 1892 in Moscow, his father was a descendant of a Cossack family, he worked as a railway statistician. Their family was quite creative, they played the piano here, often sang, loved theatrical performances. As Paustovsky himself said, his father was an incorrigible dreamer, so his places of work and, accordingly, his residence changed all the time.

In 1898 the Paustovsky family settled in Kiev. The writer called himself "a Kievite to his liking", many years of his biography were associated with this city, it was in Kiev that he took place as a writer. The place of study of Constantine was the 1st Kiev classical gymnasium. As a student in the last grade, he wrote his first story, which was published. Even then, the decision came to him to be a writer, but he could not imagine himself in this profession without accumulating life experience, “going into life”. He had to do this also because his father left his family, when Konstantin was in the sixth grade, the teenager was forced to take care of supporting his relatives.

In 1911 Paustovsky was a student of the Faculty of History and Philology of Kiev University, where he studied until 1913. Then he transferred to Moscow, to the university, but to the Faculty of Law, although he did not finish his studies until the end: his studies were interrupted by the First World War. He, as the youngest son in the family, was not drafted into the army, but he worked as a tram driver on a tram, on an ambulance train. One day, being on different fronts, two of his brothers were killed, and because of this, Paustovsky came to his mother in Moscow, but stayed there only for a while. During that period, he had a variety of jobs: Novorossiysk and Bryansk metallurgical plants, a boiler plant in Taganrog, a fishing artel in Azov, etc. Paustovsky worked on his first story, Romantics, during his leisure hours during 1916-1923. (it will be published in Moscow only in 1935).

When the February Revolution began, Paustovsky returned to Moscow, collaborated with newspapers as a reporter. Here he met the October Revolution. In the post-revolutionary years, he made a large number of trips around the country. During the civil war, the writer ended up in Ukraine, where he was called up to serve in the Petliura army, and then in the Red Army. Then for two years Paustovsky lived in Odessa, working in the editorial office of the newspaper "Moryak". From there, carried away by the thirst for distant wanderings, he went to the Caucasus, lived in Batumi, Sukhumi, Yerevan, Baku.

He returned to Moscow in 1923. Here he worked as editor of ROSTA, and in 1928 his first collection of short stories was published, although earlier some stories and essays were published separately. In the same year he wrote his first novel - "Shining Clouds". In the 30s. Paustovsky is a journalist of several publications at once, in particular, the newspaper Pravda, magazines Our achievement, etc. These years are also filled with numerous travels around the country, which provided material for many works of art.

In 1932, his story "Kara-Bugaz" was published, which became a turning point. She makes the writer famous, in addition, from that moment Paustovsky decides to become a professional writer and leaves his job. As before, the writer travels a lot, during his life he has traveled almost the entire USSR. Meschera became his favorite corner, to which he dedicated many inspired lines.

When the Great Patriotic War began, Konstantin Georgievich also had a chance to visit many places. On the Southern Front, he worked as a war correspondent, without leaving literature. In the 50s. Paustovsky's place of residence was Moscow and Tarus on the Oka. The post-war years of his career were marked by an appeal to the topic of writing. During 1945-1963. Paustovsky worked on his autobiographical Story of Life, and these 6 books were the main work of his entire life.

In the mid 50s. Konstantin Georgievich becomes a world-famous writer, the recognition of his talent goes beyond the borders of his native country. The writer gets the opportunity to travel across the continent, and he takes advantage of it, having traveled to Poland, Turkey, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Sweden, Greece, etc. In 1965, he lived for a rather long time on the island of Capri. In the same year he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature, but in the end it was awarded to M. Sholokhov. Paustovsky, holder of the Lenin and the Red Banner of Labor orders, was awarded a large number of medals.

Konstantin Paustovsky is a classic in the literature of the twentieth century. All works are read with pleasure by adults, and children they personify human and literary nobility. Paustovsky was born in Moscow in an intelligent family, theatergoers who love to play the piano and sing. He died at seventy-six years old. He studied in Kiev at the classical gymnasium. His parents divorced and he had to earn money as a teacher.

After graduating from high school, he entered Kiev University at the Faculty of Law, but dreamed of becoming a writer. For himself, he decided that for writing it was necessary to "go into life" and gain life experience. In Moscow, he works as a carriage driver, then gets a job as an orderly on a rear train, changes many different professions, was even a fisherman on the Sea of ​​Azov.

In his spare time, from work, he wrote stories. During the revolution, he worked as a reporter in Moscow for a newspaper and described events. During World War II, he was a war correspondent. After the war, Paustovsky is engaged in literary activity and writes: novels, novellas, as well as stories and fairy tales for children. Book "Stories and Tales about Animals and Nature". It includes famous stories:

• The adventures of a rhinoceros beetle;
• Tree frog;
• Steel ring;
• Badger nose and other works.

Read the biography of Paustovsky for grade 3

Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky was born on May 31, 1892 in Moscow. He grew up in the family of Georgy Maksimovich Paustovsky and Maria Grigorievna Paustovskaya, had two brothers and a sister. In 1904 he entered the Kiev gymnasium. Geography and literature were my favorite subjects in the gymnasium.

In 1912, having changed places of residence and schools many times, the young man began his studies at the historical and philological faculty of Kiev University, and completed 2 courses. After the outbreak of the First World War, he was transferred to Moscow University, but soon left it and began to work. Having changed many professions, he gets a job as a nurse at the front, participates in the retreat of the Russian army. After the death of the brothers, he returned to Moscow to his mother and sister, but did not stay there for a long time. The young man travels throughout southern Russia, lives in Odessa for two years, working for the Mayak newspaper, and then leaves Odessa, leaves for the Caucasus, also visiting northern Persia.

In 1923 he returned to the capital. For a couple of years he worked as an editor at a telegraph agency and began to publish. He also spent the 1930s traveling around the country, publishing many essays and stories. During the Great Patriotic War, he becomes a military journalist, serves on the Southern Front. In August 1941, he completed his service to work on a play for the Moscow Art Theater, moved to Alma-Ata, where he sat down to write the play "Until the Heart Stops" and the novel "Smoke of the Fatherland".

In the 1950s he lived in Moscow and in Tarusa, became one of the compilers of the collections “Literary Moscow” and “Tarusa Pages”. After receiving worldwide recognition, he travels around Europe, lives on the island of Capri. In 1966, he signed a letter from scientists and cultural figures on the inadmissibility of Stalin's rehabilitation. Dies on July 14, 1968 in Moscow after a prolonged illness with asthma.

For children grade 3, grade 4, grade 5.

Biography by dates and interesting facts. The most important thing.

Other biographies:

• Pushkin, Alexander Sergeyevich

  Born June 6, 1799 in Moscow. He spent all his childhood and summer with his grandmother, Maria Alekseevna, in the village of Zakharovo. What will later be described in his lyceum poems.

The writer's grandfather Maxim Grigorievich Paustovsky was a soldier, and Honorat's grandmother before the adoption of Christianity bore the name Fatma, and was a Turkish woman. According to the memoirs of Konstantin Paustovsky, his grandfather was a meek, blue-eyed old man who loved to sing old thoughts and Cossack songs with a cracked tenor, and who told many incredible, and sometimes touching stories "from the most that happened life."

The writer's father, Georgy Paustovsky, was a railway statistician, for whom the fame of a frivolous person was established among his relatives, with a reputation as a dreamer who, according to grandmother Konstantin, "had no right to marry and have children." He came from the Zaporozhye Cossacks who, after the defeat of the Sich, moved to the banks of the Ros River near Bila Tserkva. Georgy Paustovsky did not get along in one place for a long time, after serving in Moscow he lived and worked in Pskov, in Vilna and later settled in Kiev, on the South-Western Railway. The mother of the writer, Maria Paustovskaya, was the daughter of an employee at a sugar factory, and had a domineering character. She took the upbringing of children very seriously, and was convinced that only with strict and harsh treatment of children, it was possible to grow out of them "something worthwhile."

Konstantin Paustovsky had two brothers and a sister. Later he talked about them: “In the fall of 1915, I moved from the train to the field sanitary detachment and went with him a long retreat from Lublin in Poland to the town of Nesvizh in Belarus. In the detachment, from a greasy piece of newspaper I came across, I learned that on the same day two of my brothers were killed on different fronts. I was left with my mother completely alone, except for my sister, half-blind and sick. " The writer's sister Galina died in Kiev in 1936.

In Kiev, Konstantin Paustovsky studied at the 1st Kiev Classical Gymnasium. When he was in the sixth grade, his father left his family, and Konstantin was forced to independently earn his living and study by tutoring. In his autobiographical essay "Several fragmentary thoughts" in 1967, Paustovsky wrote: "The desire for the extraordinary haunted me since childhood. My state could be defined in two words: admiration for the imaginary world and - melancholy due to the inability to see it. These two feelings prevailed in my youthful poems and my first immature prose. "

The work of Alexander Green had a huge influence on Paustovsky, especially in his youth. Paustovsky told about his youth later: “I studied in Kiev, in a classical gymnasium. Our graduate was lucky: we had good teachers of the so-called "humanities" - Russian literature, history and psychology. We knew and loved literature and, of course, spent more time reading books than preparing lessons. The best time - sometimes unbridled dreams, hobbies and sleepless nights - was the Kiev spring, the dazzling and tender spring of Ukraine. She was drowning in dewy lilacs, in the slightly sticky first greenery of Kiev gardens, in the smell of poplar and pink candles of old chestnuts. In such springs it was impossible not to fall in love with schoolgirls with heavy braids and not write poetry. And I wrote them without any restraint, two or three poems a day. In our family, which at that time was considered advanced and liberal, they talked a lot about the people, but they meant mainly peasants. The workers, the proletariat were rarely spoken of. At that time, when I heard the word "proletariat", I imagined huge and smoky factories - Putilovsky, Obukhovsky and Izhora - as if the entire Russian working class was assembled only in St. Petersburg and precisely at these factories. "

The first short story by Konstantin Paustovsky "On the Water", written in the last year of his studies at the gymnasium, was published in the Kiev almanac "Lights" in 1912. After graduating from high school, Paustovsky studied at Kiev University, then transferred to Moscow University, in the summer, still moonlighting as a tutor. The First World War forced him to interrupt his studies, and Paustovsky became a counselor on a Moscow tram, and also worked on an ambulance train. In 1915, with a field sanitary detachment, he retreated with the Russian army across Poland and Belarus. He said: "In the fall of 1915, I moved from the train to the field sanitary detachment and went with him a long retreat from Lublin in Poland to the town of Nesvizh in Belarus."

After the death of two older brothers at the front, Paustovsky returned to his mother in Moscow, but soon began a wandering life again. During the year he worked at metallurgical plants in Yekaterinoslav and Yuzovka and at a boiler plant in Taganrog. In 1916 he became a fisherman in an artel on the Sea of ​​Azov. While living in Taganrog, Paustovsky began writing his first novel, Romantics, which was published in 1935. This novel, the content and mood of which corresponded to its title, was marked by the author's search for a lyric-prosaic form. Paustovsky strove to create a coherent plot narration about what he happened to see and feel in his youth. One of the heroes of the novel, old Oscar, all his life opposed the fact that they tried to turn him from an artist into a breadwinner. The main motive of the "Romantics" was the fate of the artist who strove to overcome loneliness.

Paustovsky met the February and October revolutions of 1917 in Moscow. After the victory of Soviet power, he began working as a journalist and "lived the busy life of newspaper editors." But soon the writer left for Kiev, where his mother moved, and there survived several coups during the Civil War. Soon Paustovsky found himself in Odessa, where he found himself among young writers like him. After living in Odessa for two years, Paustovsky left for Sukhum, then moved to Batum, then to Tiflis. Wanderings in the Caucasus led Paustovsky to Armenia and northern Persia. The writer wrote about that time and his travels: “In Odessa, I first found myself among young writers. Among the employees of the "Moryak" were Kataev, Ilf, Bagritsky, Shengeli, Lev Slavin, Babel, Andrey Sobol, Semyon Kirsanov and even the elderly writer Yushkevich. In Odessa, I lived by the sea, and wrote a lot, but had not yet been published, believing that I had not yet achieved the ability to master any material and genre. Soon I was again possessed by the "muse of distant wanderings." I left Odessa, lived in Sukhum, Batumi, Tbilisi, was in Erivan, Baku and Julfa, until I finally returned to Moscow. "

Konstantin Paustovsky. 1930s.

Returning to Moscow in 1923, Paustovsky began working as the editor of ROSTA. At this time, not only his essays were published, but also stories. In 1928, the first collection of Paustovsky's stories "Oncoming Ships" was published. In the same year, the novel "Glittering Clouds" was written. In this work, a detective and adventurous intrigue was combined with autobiographical episodes related to Paustovsky's trips to the Black Sea and the Caucasus. In the year of writing the novel, the writer worked for the newspaper "On the watch", with which Aleksey Novikov-Priboy, Paustovsky's classmate at the 1st Kiev gymnasium, Mikhail Bulgakov and Valentin Kataev, collaborated at that time. In the 1930s, Paustovsky actively worked as a journalist for the Pravda newspaper and the magazines 30 Days, Our Achievements and other publications, visited Solikamsk, Astrakhan, Kalmykia and many other places - in fact, traveled all over the country. Many of the impressions of these "hot pursuit" trips, described by him in newspaper essays, were later embodied in works of art. Thus, the hero of the essay of the 1930s "Underwater Winds" became the prototype for the protagonist of the story "Kara-Bugaz", written in 1932. The history of the creation of "Kara-Bugaz" is described in detail in the book of essays and stories by Paustovsky "Golden Rose" in 1955 - one of the most famous works of Russian literature dedicated to understanding the nature of creativity. In "Kara-Bugaz" Paustovsky's story about the development of deposits of Glauber's salt in the gulf of the Caspian is also poetic, as about the wanderings of a romantic young man in his first works. The story "Colchis" in 1934 is dedicated to the transformation of historical reality, the creation of man-made subtropics. The prototype of one of the heroes of Colchis was the great Georgian primitivist artist Niko Pirosmani. After the publication of "Kara-Bugaz" Paustovsky left the service and became a professional writer. He still traveled a lot, lived on the Kola Peninsula and in the Ukraine, visited the Volga, Kama, Don, Dnieper and other great rivers, in Central Asia, Crimea, Altai, Pskov, Novgorod, Belarus and other places.

Having gone as an orderly to the First World War, the future writer met with sister of mercy Ekaterina Zagorskaya, about whom he said: “I love her more than my mother, more than myself ... Hatice is an impulse, the edge of the divine, joy, longing, illness, unprecedented achievements and torment ... ". Why Hatice? Ekaterina Stepanovna spent the summer of 1914 in a village on the Crimean coast, and local Tatar women called her Khatidzhe, which in Russian meant “Ekaterina”. In the summer of 1916, Konstantin Paustovsky and Ekaterina Zagorskaya got married in the native of Ekaterina Podlesnaya Sloboda in Ryazan near Lukhovitsy, and in August 1925 in Ryazan the Paustovskys had a son, Vadim. Later, throughout his life, he carefully kept the archive of his parents, painstakingly collected materials concerning the Paustovsky family tree - documents, photographs and memoirs. He loved to travel to the places where his father visited and which were described in his works. Vadim Konstantinovich was an interesting, selfless storyteller. No less interesting and informative were his publications about Konstantin Paustovsky - articles, essays, comments and afterwords to the works of his father, from whom he inherited his literary gift. Vadim Konstantinovich devoted a lot of time as a consultant to the literary museum-center of Konstantin Paustovsky, was a member of the public council of the magazine "Paustovsky's World", one of the organizers and an indispensable participant in conferences, meetings, museum evenings dedicated to the work of his father.

In 1936, Ekaterina Zagorskaya and Konstantin Paustovsky parted, after which Catherine confessed to her relatives that she had given her husband a divorce herself, as she could not bear that he “got involved with a Polish woman,” meaning Paustovsky's second wife. Konstantin Georgievich continued to take care of his son Vadim after the divorce. Vadim Paustovsky wrote about the breakup of his parents in the comments to the first volume of his father's works: “The Tale of Life and other books of my father reflect many events from the life of my parents in the early years, but, of course, not all. The twenties were very important for my father. How little he published, so much he wrote. We can safely say that then the foundation of his professionalism was laid. His first books passed almost unnoticed, then immediately followed by the literary success of the early 1930s. And in 1936, after twenty years of marriage, my parents separated. Was the marriage of Ekaterina Zagorskaya with Konstantin Paustovsky successful? Yes and no. In his youth there was great love, which served as a support in difficulties and instilled cheerful confidence in his abilities. My father was always more inclined towards reflection, towards a contemplative perception of life. Mom, on the other hand, was a person of great energy and perseverance until she was overcome by illness. In her independent character, independence and defenselessness, benevolence and capriciousness, calmness and nervousness converged in an incomprehensible way. I was told that Eduard Bagritsky greatly appreciated the property in her, which he called "spiritual selflessness", and at the same time he loved to repeat: "Ekaterina Stepanovna is a fantastic woman." Perhaps, it is possible to refer to it the words of V.I. Nemirovich Danchenko that “a Russian intelligent woman couldn’t get carried away with anything in a man so selflessly as talent”. Therefore, the marriage was strong as long as everything was subordinated to the main goal - the literary work of the father. When it finally became a reality, the stress of difficult years affected, both were tired, especially since my mother was also a person with her own creative plans and aspirations. In addition, frankly, my father was not such a good family man, despite his outward complaisance. Much accumulated, and both had to suppress a lot. In a word, if spouses who value each other still part, there are always good reasons for this. These reasons exacerbated with the onset of serious nervous exhaustion in my mother, which developed gradually and began to manifest itself precisely in the mid-30s. My father also retained traces of difficult years until the end of his life in the form of severe asthma attacks. In Distant Years, the first book of The Story of Life, a lot is said about the breakup of the parents of the father himself. Obviously, there are families that have been marked with this seal from generation to generation. "

K.G. Paustovsky and V.V. Navashina-Paustovskaya on a narrow-gauge railway in Solotch. In the carriage window: the writer's son Vadim and his adopted son Sergei Navashin. End of the 1930s.

Konstantin Paustovsky met Valeria Valishevskaya-Navashina in the first half of the 1920s. He was married, she was married, but they both left their families, and Valeria Vladimirovna married Konstantin Paustovsky, becoming the inspiration for many of his works - for example, when creating the works "Meshcherskaya Side" and "Throw to the South" Valishevskaya was the prototype of Mary. Valeria Valishevskaya was the sister of the famous Polish artist Sigismund Valishevsky in the 1920s, whose works were in the collection of Valeria Vladimirovna. In 1963, she donated more than 110 paintings and drawings by Sigismund Waliszewski to the National Gallery in Warsaw, leaving behind her favorites.

K.G. Paustovsky and V.V. Navashina-Paustovskaya. End of the 1930s.

A special place in the work of Konstantin Paustovsky was occupied by the Meshchersky Territory, where he lived for a long time alone or with his fellow writers - Arkady Gaidar and Reuben Fraerman. Paustovsky wrote about his beloved Meshchera: “I found the greatest, simple and ingenuous happiness in the forest Meshchera region. The happiness of being close to your land, concentration and inner freedom, favorite thoughts and hard work. Central Russia - and only to her - I owe most of the things I have written. I will only mention the main ones: "Meshcherskaya Side", "Isaac Levitan", "The Tale of the Forests", the cycle of stories "Summer Days", "Old Canoe", "Night in October", "Telegram", "Rainy Dawn", "Cordon 273 "," In the depths of Russia "," Alone with the autumn "," Ilyinsky pool ". The Central Russian hinterland became for Paustovsky a place of a kind of "emigration", a creative - and possibly physical - salvation during the period of Stalinist repressions.

During the Great Patriotic War Paustovsky worked as a war correspondent and wrote stories, among them was Snow, written in 1943, and Rainy Dawn, written in 1945, which critics called the most tender lyrical watercolors.

In the 1950s, Paustovsky lived in Moscow and in Tarusa on the Oka. He became one of the compilers of the most important collective collections of the democratic movement "Literary Moscow" in 1956 and "Tarusa Pages" in 1961. During the years of the "thaw" Paustovsky actively advocated the literary and political rehabilitation of the writers Isaac Babel, Yuri Olesha, Mikhail Bulgakov, Alexander Grin and Nikolai Zabolotsky, persecuted under Stalin.

In 1939, Konstantin Paustovsky met Tatyana Evteeva - Arbuzova, an actress of the Meyerhold Theater, who became his third wife in 1950.

Paustovsky with his son Alyosha and adopted daughter Galina Arbuzova.

Before meeting Paustovsky, Tatyana Evteeva was the wife of playwright Alexei Arbuzov. “Tenderness, my only person, I swear on my life that such love (without boasting) has never existed in the world. There was not and will not be, all the rest of love is nonsense and delirium. Let your heart, my heart beat calmly and happily! We will all be happy, everyone! I know and believe ... ”- wrote Konstantin Paustovsky to Tatyana Evteeva. Tatyana Alekseevna had a daughter from her first marriage, Galina Arbuzova, and Paustovsky gave birth to her son Alexei in 1950. Aleksey grew up and formed in the creative atmosphere of a writing house in the field of intellectual searches of young writers and artists, but he did not look like a "home" child spoiled by parental attention. With a company of artists, he wandered around the outskirts of Tarusa, sometimes disappearing from home for two or three days. He painted amazing and incomprehensible pictures, and died at the age of 26 from a drug overdose.

K.G. Paustovsky. Tarusa. April 1955.

From 1945 to 1963, Paustovsky wrote his main work - the autobiographical Story of Life, consisting of six books: Distant Years, Restless Youth, The Beginning of an Unknown Age, A Time of Great Expectations, Throw South ”and“ The Book of Wanderings ”. In the mid-1950s, Paustovsky gained worldwide recognition, and the writer began to travel frequently throughout Europe. He visited Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Turkey, Greece, Sweden, Italy and other countries. In 1965 Paustovsky lived on the island of Capri. The impressions of these trips formed the basis of the stories and travel sketches of the 1950-1960s "Italian Meetings", "Fleeting Paris", "Lights of the English Channel" and other works. In the same 1965, officials from the Soviet Union managed to change the decision of the Nobel Committee to award the prize to Konstantin Paustovsky and achieve its presentation to Mikhail Sholokhov.

Most modern readers know Konstantin Paustovsky as a singer of Russian nature, from whose pen came out wonderful descriptions of the south and middle zone of Russia, the Black Sea region and the Oka Territory. However, few people are now aware of Paustovsky's vivid and exciting novels and stories, which take place in the first quarter of the 20th century against the backdrop of the terrible events of wars and revolutions, social upheavals and hopes for a brighter future. All his life Paustovsky dreamed of writing a big book dedicated to wonderful people, not only famous, but also unknown and forgotten. He managed to publish only a few sketches of short but picturesque biographies of writers with whom he was either well acquainted personally - Gorky, Olesha, Prishvin, Green, Bagritsky, or those whose work especially fascinated him - Chekhov, Blok, Maupassant, Bunin and Hugo. All of them were united by the “art of seeing the world”, so valued by Paustovsky, who lived not in the best time for a master of fine literature. His literary maturity came in the 1930s and 1950s, in which Tynyanov found salvation in literary criticism, Bakhtin in cultural studies, Paustovsky in the study of the nature of language and creativity, in the beauty of the forests of the Ryazan region, in the quiet provincial comfort of Tarusa.

K.G. Paustovsky with a dog. Tarusa. 1961 year.

Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky died in 1968 in Moscow and, according to his will, was buried in the city cemetery of Tarusa. The place where his grave is located - a high hill surrounded by trees with a gap on the Taruska River - was chosen by the writer himself.

About Konstantin Paustovsky and Ekaterina Zagorskaya, a television program from the cycle "More than love" was prepared.

In 1982 a documentary film “Konstantin Paustovsky. Memories and Meetings ”.

Your browser does not support the video / audio tag.

The text was prepared by Tatiana Khalina

Used materials:

K.G. Paustovsky "Briefly about myself" 1966
K.G. Paustovsky "Letters from Tarusa"
K.G. Paustovsky "Sense of History"
Materials of the site www.paustovskiy.niv.ru
Site materials www.litra.ru

The family is a railway statistician. Father, according to Paustovsky, “was an incorrigible dreamer and a Protestant,” which is why he constantly changed jobs. After several moves, the family settled in Kiev. Paustovsky studied at the 1st Kiev classical gymnasium. When he was in the sixth grade, his father left his family, and Paustovsky was forced to independently earn a living and study by tutoring.

In an autobiographical sketch A few sketchy thoughts(1967) Paustovsky wrote: “The desire for the extraordinary has haunted me since childhood. My state could be defined in two words: admiration for the imaginary world and - melancholy due to the inability to see it. These two feelings prevailed in my youthful poems and my first immature prose. " A. Green had a huge influence on Paustovsky, especially in his youth.

Paustovsky's first short story On the water(1912), written in the last year of his studies at the gymnasium, was published in the Kiev almanac "Lights".

After graduating from the gymnasium, Paustovsky studied at Kiev University, then transferred to Moscow University. The First World War forced him to interrupt his studies. Paustovsky became a counselor on a Moscow tram, worked on an ambulance train. In 1915, with a field sanitary detachment, he retreated along with the Russian army across Poland and Belarus.

After the death of two older brothers at the front, Paustovsky returned to his mother in Moscow, but soon began a wandering life again. During the year he worked at metallurgical plants in Yekaterinoslav and Yuzovka and at a boiler plant in Taganrog. In 1916 he became a fisherman in an artel on the Sea of ​​Azov. While living in Taganrog, Paustovsky began writing his first novel Romantics(1916-1923, publ. 1935). This novel, the content and mood of which corresponded to its title, was marked by the author's search for a lyric-prosaic form. Paustovsky strove to create a coherent plot narration about what he happened to see and feel in his youth. One of the heroes of the novel, old Oscar, all his life opposed the fact that they tried to turn him from an artist into a breadwinner. The main motive Romantics- the fate of an artist who seeks to overcome loneliness - later met in many of Paustovsky's works.

Paustovsky met the February and October revolutions of 1917 in Moscow. After the victory of Soviet power, he began working as a journalist and "lived the tense life of newspaper editors." But soon the writer was "turned around" again: he left for Kiev, where his mother had moved, and experienced several coups there during the Civil War. Soon Paustovsky found himself in Odessa, where he found himself among young writers - I. Ilf, I. Babel, E. Bagritsky, G. Shengeli, etc. Having lived for two years in Odessa, he left for Sukhum, then moved to Batum, then to Tiflis ... Wanderings in the Caucasus led Paustovsky to Armenia and northern Persia.

In 1923 Paustovsky returned to Moscow and began working as editor of ROSTA. At this time, not only his essays were published, but also stories. In 1928, the first collection of Paustovsky's stories was published Oncoming ships... In the same year, a novel was written Shining clouds... In this work, a detective and adventurous intrigue was combined with autobiographical episodes related to Paustovsky's trips to the Black Sea and the Caucasus. In the year of writing the novel, the writer worked in the newspaper of water workers "On the watch", with which at that time A.S. Novikov-Priboy, M.A.Bulgakov (Paustovsky's classmate in the 1st Kiev gymnasium), V.Kataev, and others collaborated.

In the 1930s, Paustovsky actively worked as a journalist for the Pravda newspaper and the magazines 30 Days, Our Achievements, etc., visited Solikamsk, Astrakhan, Kalmykia and many other places - in fact, traveled all over the country. Many of the impressions of these "hot pursuit" trips, described in newspaper essays, were embodied in works of art. So, the hero of the essay of the 1930s Underwater winds became the prototype of the main character of the story Kara-Bugaz(1932). History of creation Kara-Bugaz described in detail in the book of essays and stories by Paustovsky Golden Rose(1955) - one of the most famous works of Russian literature dedicated to understanding the nature of creativity. V Kara-Bugaz Paustovsky was able to tell about the development of Glauber's salt deposits in the Caspian Bay as poetically as about the wanderings of a romantic young man in his first works.

The story is dedicated to the transformation of reality, the creation of man-made subtropics Colchis(1934). The prototype of one of the heroes Colchis became the great Georgian primitivist artist N. Pirosmani.

After going out Kara-Bugaz Paustovsky left the service and became a professional writer. He still traveled a lot, lived on the Kola Peninsula and in the Ukraine, visited the Volga, Kama, Don, Dnieper and other great rivers, in Central Asia, Crimea, Altai, Pskov, Novgorod, Belarus and other places. A special place in his work is occupied by the Meshchera Territory, where Paustovsky lived for a long time alone or with his fellow writers - A. Gaidar, R. Fraerman, etc. Paustovsky wrote about his beloved Meshchera: edge. The happiness of being close to your land, concentration and inner freedom, favorite thoughts and hard work. Central Russia - and only to her - I owe most of the things I have written. I will only mention the main ones: Meshcherskaya side, Isaac Levitan, A tale of forests, story cycle Summer days, Old canoe, October night, Telegram, Rainy dawn, Cordon 273, Deep in Russia, Alone with autumn, Ilyinsky pool”(We are talking about stories written in the 1930-1960s). The Central Russian hinterland became for Paustovsky a place of a kind of "emigration", a creative - and possibly physical - salvation during the period of Stalinist repressions.

During the Great Patriotic War, Paustovsky worked as a war correspondent and wrote stories, among them Snow(1943) and Rainy dawn(1945), which critics called the most tender lyrical watercolors.

In the 1950s, Paustovsky lived in Moscow and in Tarusa on the Oka. He became one of the compilers of the most important collective collections of the democratic direction Literary Moscow(1956) and Tarusa pages(1961). During the years of the "thaw" he actively advocated the literary and political rehabilitation of the writers persecuted under Stalin - Babel, Y. Olesha, Bulgakov, Green, N. Zabolotsky, and others.

In 1945-1963 Paustovsky wrote his main work - an autobiographical The story of life consisting of six books: Distant the years (1946), Troubled youth (1954), The beginning of an unknown century (1956), Time high expectations (1958), Throw South (1959–1960), The book of wanderings(1963). In the mid-1950s, Paustovsky gained worldwide recognition. Paustovsky got the opportunity to travel around Europe. He visited Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Turkey, Greece, Sweden, Italy and other countries; in 1965 he lived for a long time on the island of Capri. The impressions of these trips formed the basis of the stories and travel sketches of the 1950s – 1960s. Italian meetings, Fleeting Paris, English Channel Lights and etc.

Paustovsky's work had a huge impact on writers belonging to the so-called "school of lyric prose" - Yu. Kazakov, S. Antonov, V. Soloukhin, V. Konetsky and others.