The profession and work of an excavator operator and a funny incident at work. Excavator operator: details about the profession
Excavator driver's professional certificate
General information about the profession:
History of the profession
For a long time, people have come up with various mechanisms to simplify their lives and shift the entire burden of labor from their shoulders to various inventions or to domesticated animals. But cars appeared after the invention of the steam engine, and then specially trained people appeared to operate them. So - the crane operator appeared in the 20th century, when the self-propelled crane was invented, the combine operator - at about the same time when the first self-propelled harvester was invented in 1907 in the USA. But the locomotive driver initially worked not alone, but with a team. The first steam locomotive drivers were English inventors and mechanics who built the very first self-propelled mechanism, the Rocket, driven by a round steam boiler and engine. About ten years later, the railway and drivers appeared in Russia. The excavator operator appeared when the excavator itself was invented.
Type and class of profession
The profession of an excavator driver is of the following type:
« Man – Technology», it is focused on the use and maintenance of an excavator. To successfully perform such work, efficiency, accuracy, certainty of actions, diligence, and discipline are required. Additional profession type:« Man-Sign», since the work of a driver involves working with symbolic information (instrument readings, numbers, instrument readings, diagrams, maps). To effectively perform his job, the driver requires developed attention. The profession of an excavator driver belongs to the performing class; it involves performing actions according to certain algorithms.
Related professions
Related professions (specialties): Machinist
Prospects for skill growth
Driver
excavator depending on qualifications, performs work on single-bucket and rotary machines excavators with buckets of various capacities. The profession has 4-8 categories.4- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of up to 0.15 m3.
5- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 0.15 m3 to 0.4 m3. Rotary excavators (ditch diggers and trenchers) with a capacity of up to 1000 m3/h.
6- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 0.4 m to 1.25 m3. Rotary excavators (ditch diggers and trenchers) with a productivity of over 1000 m3/h to 2500 m3/h.
7- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 1.25 m3 to 4 m3. Rotary excavators with a capacity of over 2500 m3/h to 4500 m3/h.
8- th rank : Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 4 m3 to 9 m3. Rotary excavators with a capacity of over 4500 m3/h.
Demand for professions at AK ALROSA
According to the HR Department of AK ALROSA, the company employs 142 a person by profession is an excavator operator.Characteristics of the labor process:
The most important technological operations
performing work with single-bucket
excavators with bucket and rotary excavators;
development of soils during the construction of excavations, embankments, reserves, cavaliers and banquets during the construction of highways, irrigation and shipping canals, dams, protective earthen dams;
development of pits for buildings and structures, during the construction of supports for power lines and contact networks;
digging trenches for underground communications, drainage ditches, upland and off-bank ditches and other similar structures;
performing work on maintaining established technical documentation.
Toolsroad and construction machines;
systems and equipment;
hand and power tools;
technical documentation.
WorkplaceThe excavator driver’s workplace is his cabin, which should provide maximum convenience for the driver himself.
Working posture, predominant movements during work
The excavator operator, like the driver of a car, is constantly in the cab and controls the machine. The working position is constantly sitting in the driver's chair, which should be comfortable for the person. If it is necessary to make minor repairs to the excavator or its equipment, the working position changes depending on the work profile. During work, hand movements predominate. Products
Seeing defects due to the fault of a specialist and the possibility of eliminating them
A defect in the work of an excavator driver occurs if a person is irresponsible in completing a work task; it can be corrected by redoing the work. An excavator operator operates an earthmoving machine designed to excavate soil for the construction of building foundations, roads, ropes and other structures. Along with the main production operations (filling the bucket with soil, raising and lowering the bucket, turning the boom to the place where the bucket is unloaded, moving the excavator), the operator carries out maintenance of the machine, simple repairs, takes into account the volume of work performed, and the consumption of fuels and lubricants. Depending on qualifications (the profession has 4-6 categories), an excavator operator performs work on single-bucket and rotary excavators with buckets of various capacities - from 0.15 cubic meters (4th category) to 4.0 cubic meters (6th category). Difficulties in performing production operations are associated with the composition and condition of the excavated soil, monotonous working posture, visual and hearing strain (the excavator operator can by ear detect subtle deviations in the operation of the engine and mechanisms, signals from vehicles about their readiness to load soil).
Working hours and working rhythm
The work schedule of an excavator driver and his related professions is determined in accordance with the internal labor regulations established at the enterprise.
Microclimatic conditions
Requirements for the microclimate, the composition of the air in the working area and other working conditions for the excavator driver are mainly regulated by the Sanitary Rules (SP) for occupational hygiene. The sanitary facilities of the excavator (ventilation, heating, air conditioning, thermal insulation) must ensure the maintenance of optimal or acceptable microclimate parameters in the cabin (in the cold and transitional periods of the year in the range from 18 - 25 -C, in the warm - no more than 28 -C) not later than 30 minutes after the start of continuous movement with a warm engine. The vertical temperature difference should not exceed 3 - 5 -C.
Basic requirements for the state of the working body
good vision and hearing;
physical health;
good vestibular apparatus;
precision of movements;
emotional stability;
responsibility.
Medical contraindicationsdysfunction of the musculoskeletal system, vision, hearing;
mental illness;
diseases accompanied by loss of consciousness.
Basic labor protection measuresThe most important preventive measures for labor protection and the prevention of occupational diseases include preliminary (upon entry to work) and periodic examinations of workers exposed to harmful and unfavorable working conditions.
Possible industrial injuries, occupational diseasesThe unfavorable factors of the profession of an excavator driver that negatively affect the health of the worker include increased noise levels, forced working posture, air pollution, therefore there is a list of restrictions for employment and training in this specialty: diseases of the joints and spine (severe polyarthritis, osteochondrosis) , gastric ulcer, vascular diseases (severe endarteritis, varicose veins of the lower extremities, thrombophlebitis), bronchial asthma and other chronic lung diseases, as well as diseases accompanied by attacks of dizziness and loss of consciousness. To confirm professional fitness for health, it is necessary to pass a special medical commission
Psychological requirements of the profession for a person:
Possible difficulties and tense situations
Difficulties in performing production operations are associated with the composition and condition of the soil being mined, monotonous working posture, visual and hearing strain.
Basic qualities that a worker must have
The profession of an excavator driver is male and involves significant physical activity. To work effectively, a bulldozer driver needs sufficient health, physical strength and endurance, high hearing and visual acuity, high speed and accuracy of sensorimotor reactions, a developed eye, the ability to distribute and quickly switch attention, good visual memory, and a tendency to work with equipment.
Works two shifts, individually or as part of an integrated team. Business trips are possible.
An excavator operator needs good knowledge in the field of physics (electrical engineering), geometry, and geography. He must know the structure, principles of operation and technical characteristics of the serviced excavators and their equipment, the causes of malfunctions and how to eliminate them, the mining and geological characteristics of his site, the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks being mined, the rules for crossing ditches, railway tracks, bridges; plumbing The excavator operator must be able to distinguish the composition and condition of the soil, choose a parking spot for the excavator, evaluate the soil by its appearance, operate the excavator, and repair it.
The work process requires great care, precision, a well-developed eye, and concentration from the worker. He must have a quick reaction, operational thinking, constructive imagination, and good spatial orientation.
Must know:
- design, operating principle and technical characteristics of excavators;
- operating principle of mechanical, hydraulic and electrical equipment;
- rules for installing and dismantling excavator attachments;
- causes of malfunctions and ways to eliminate them;
- rules for developing soils of various categories at different depths of the face;
- rules for developing soils in compliance with specified profiles and elevations;
- rules and regulations on labor protection and fire safety,
- requirements for the quality of work performed;
- requirements for the rational organization of labor in the workplace;
- types of defects and ways to prevent and eliminate them.
Should be able to:
- perform basic technical inspection operations excavator;
- perform work on disassembling and assembling individual assembly units and working mechanisms;
- use hand and mechanized tools;
- drive an excavator;
- carry out excavation, road and construction work;
- comply with technical requirements for the quality of work performed;
- maintain safe working conditions.
Information about professional training
Paths to obtaining a profession and characteristics of educational institutions
You can train to become an excavator operator on the job using special courses and in special colleges.
Those wishing to join the ranks of these
« romantics» with a technical specialty are waiting for railway technical schools throughout the country. To operate combines, cranes, and excavators, it is worth graduating from a vocational school. But, of course, without some period of practice in the workplace, no one will allow a young specialist to operate a complex and dangerous mechanism.
Admission conditions
Reasons for training: complete secondary education, physical condition of the worker.machinists excavator 4-6 categories require primary vocational education, for 7-8th categories - secondary vocational education.
Duration of training
Training after 9th grade – 2.5 years
Main disciplines studied
Materials Science
Plumbing
Basics of technical drawing
Electrical engineering
Fundamentals of technical mechanics and hydraulics
Life safety
Qualification of a graduate of an educational institution
Availability of qualification documents (diploma, certificates, entry in the work book confirming specialization and assigned rank).
To operate an excavator, an employee must have the appropriate documents (a license to operate special equipment).
Employee's salary According to AGOK OTIZ, the average salary is 90,385 rubles.
Prospects for professional growth or promotion
The main requirement for this work is a technical mindset and attentiveness, since the road (including the railway) does not forgive mistakes. Machinist is a very common profession, since the railway
« tied up» the whole country and in general the whole planet, with the possible exception of small islands and Antarctica. These specialists can be found on the ground and underground, as subway locomotive drivers work there. Considering that operators also belong to this professionother machines, then they can be found in the field on a combine, and at a factory and at a turbogenerator station.
Duration of vacation
Duration of vacation - 75 days.
Excavator driver's professional certificate
General information about the profession:
History of the profession
For a long time, people have come up with various mechanisms to simplify their lives and shift the entire burden of labor from their shoulders to various inventions or to domesticated animals. But cars appeared after the invention of the steam engine, and then specially trained people appeared to operate them. So - the crane operator appeared in the 20th century, when the self-propelled crane was invented, the combine operator - at about the same time when the first self-propelled harvester was invented in 1907 in the USA. But the locomotive driver initially worked not alone, but with a team. The first steam locomotive drivers were English inventors and mechanics who built the very first self-propelled mechanism, the Rocket, driven by a round steam boiler and engine. About ten years later, the railway and drivers appeared in Russia. The excavator operator appeared when the excavator itself was invented.
Type and class of profession
The profession of an excavator driver is of the following type:
« Man – Technology», it is focused on the use and maintenance of an excavator. To successfully perform such work, efficiency, accuracy, certainty of actions, diligence, and discipline are required. Additional profession type:« Man-Sign», since the work of a driver involves working with symbolic information (instrument readings, numbers, instrument readings, diagrams, maps). To effectively perform his job, the driver requires developed attention. The profession of an excavator driver belongs to the performing class; it involves performing actions according to certain algorithms.
Related professions
Related professions (specialties): Machinist
Prospects for skill growth
Driver
excavator depending on qualifications, performs work on single-bucket and rotary machines excavators with buckets of various capacities. The profession has 4-8 categories.4- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of up to 0.15 m3.
5- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 0.15 m3 to 0.4 m3. Rotary excavators (ditch diggers and trenchers) with a capacity of up to 1000 m3/h.
6- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 0.4 m to 1.25 m3. Rotary excavators (ditch diggers and trenchers) with a productivity of over 1000 m3/h to 2500 m3/h.
7- th rank: Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 1.25 m3 to 4 m3. Rotary excavators with a capacity of over 2500 m3/h to 4500 m3/h.
8- th rank : Single-bucket excavators with a bucket capacity of over 4 m3 to 9 m3. Rotary excavators with a capacity of over 4500 m3/h.
Demand for professions at AK ALROSA
According to the HR Department of AK ALROSA, the company employs 142 a person by profession is an excavator operator.Characteristics of the labor process:
The most important technological operations
performing work with single-bucket
excavators with bucket and rotary excavators;
development of soils during the construction of excavations, embankments, reserves, cavaliers and banquets during the construction of highways, irrigation and shipping canals, dams, protective earthen dams;
development of pits for buildings and structures, during the construction of supports for power lines and contact networks;
digging trenches for underground communications, drainage ditches, upland and off-bank ditches and other similar structures;
performing work on maintaining established technical documentation.
Toolsroad and construction machines;
systems and equipment;
hand and power tools;
technical documentation.
WorkplaceThe excavator driver’s workplace is his cabin, which should provide maximum convenience for the driver himself.
Working posture, predominant movements during work
The excavator operator, like the driver of a car, is constantly in the cab and controls the machine. The working position is constantly sitting in the driver's chair, which should be comfortable for the person. If it is necessary to make minor repairs to the excavator or its equipment, the working position changes depending on the work profile. During work, hand movements predominate. Products
Seeing defects due to the fault of a specialist and the possibility of eliminating them
A defect in the work of an excavator driver occurs if a person is irresponsible in completing a work task; it can be corrected by redoing the work. An excavator operator operates an earthmoving machine designed to excavate soil for the construction of building foundations, roads, ropes and other structures. Along with the main production operations (filling the bucket with soil, raising and lowering the bucket, turning the boom to the place where the bucket is unloaded, moving the excavator), the operator carries out maintenance of the machine, simple repairs, takes into account the volume of work performed, and the consumption of fuels and lubricants. Depending on qualifications (the profession has 4-6 categories), an excavator operator performs work on single-bucket and rotary excavators with buckets of various capacities - from 0.15 cubic meters (4th category) to 4.0 cubic meters (6th category). Difficulties in performing production operations are associated with the composition and condition of the excavated soil, monotonous working posture, visual and hearing strain (the excavator operator can by ear detect subtle deviations in the operation of the engine and mechanisms, signals from vehicles about their readiness to load soil).
Working hours and working rhythm
The work schedule of an excavator driver and his related professions is determined in accordance with the internal labor regulations established at the enterprise.
Microclimatic conditions
Requirements for the microclimate, the composition of the air in the working area and other working conditions for the excavator driver are mainly regulated by the Sanitary Rules (SP) for occupational hygiene. The sanitary facilities of the excavator (ventilation, heating, air conditioning, thermal insulation) must ensure the maintenance of optimal or acceptable microclimate parameters in the cabin (in the cold and transitional periods of the year in the range from 18 - 25 -C, in the warm - no more than 28 -C) not later than 30 minutes after the start of continuous movement with a warm engine. The vertical temperature difference should not exceed 3 - 5 -C.
Basic requirements for the state of the working body
good vision and hearing;
physical health;
good vestibular apparatus;
precision of movements;
emotional stability;
responsibility.
Medical contraindicationsdysfunction of the musculoskeletal system, vision, hearing;
mental illness;
diseases accompanied by loss of consciousness.
Basic labor protection measuresThe most important preventive measures for labor protection and the prevention of occupational diseases include preliminary (upon entry to work) and periodic examinations of workers exposed to harmful and unfavorable working conditions.
Possible industrial injuries, occupational diseasesThe unfavorable factors of the profession of an excavator driver that negatively affect the health of the worker include increased noise levels, forced working posture, air pollution, therefore there is a list of restrictions for employment and training in this specialty: diseases of the joints and spine (severe polyarthritis, osteochondrosis) , gastric ulcer, vascular diseases (severe endarteritis, varicose veins of the lower extremities, thrombophlebitis), bronchial asthma and other chronic lung diseases, as well as diseases accompanied by attacks of dizziness and loss of consciousness. To confirm professional fitness for health, it is necessary to pass a special medical commission
Psychological requirements of the profession for a person:
Possible difficulties and tense situations
Difficulties in performing production operations are associated with the composition and condition of the soil being mined, monotonous working posture, visual and hearing strain.
Basic qualities that a worker must have
The profession of an excavator driver is male and involves significant physical activity. To work effectively, a bulldozer driver needs sufficient health, physical strength and endurance, high hearing and visual acuity, high speed and accuracy of sensorimotor reactions, a developed eye, the ability to distribute and quickly switch attention, good visual memory, and a tendency to work with equipment.
Works two shifts, individually or as part of an integrated team. Business trips are possible.
An excavator operator needs good knowledge in the field of physics (electrical engineering), geometry, and geography. He must know the structure, principles of operation and technical characteristics of the serviced excavators and their equipment, the causes of malfunctions and how to eliminate them, the mining and geological characteristics of his site, the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks being mined, the rules for crossing ditches, railway tracks, bridges; plumbing The excavator operator must be able to distinguish the composition and condition of the soil, choose a parking spot for the excavator, evaluate the soil by its appearance, operate the excavator, and repair it.
The work process requires great care, precision, a well-developed eye, and concentration from the worker. He must have a quick reaction, operational thinking, constructive imagination, and good spatial orientation.
Must know:
- design, operating principle and technical characteristics of excavators;
- operating principle of mechanical, hydraulic and electrical equipment;
- rules for installing and dismantling excavator attachments;
- causes of malfunctions and ways to eliminate them;
- rules for developing soils of various categories at different depths of the face;
- rules for developing soils in compliance with specified profiles and elevations;
- rules and regulations on labor protection and fire safety,
- requirements for the quality of work performed;
- requirements for the rational organization of labor in the workplace;
- types of defects and ways to prevent and eliminate them.
Should be able to:
- perform basic technical inspection operations excavator;
- perform work on disassembling and assembling individual assembly units and working mechanisms;
- use hand and mechanized tools;
- drive an excavator;
- carry out excavation, road and construction work;
- comply with technical requirements for the quality of work performed;
- maintain safe working conditions.
Information about professional training
Paths to obtaining a profession and characteristics of educational institutions
You can train to become an excavator operator on the job using special courses and in special colleges.
Those wishing to join the ranks of these
« romantics» with a technical specialty are waiting for railway technical schools throughout the country. To operate combines, cranes, and excavators, it is worth graduating from a vocational school. But, of course, without some period of practice in the workplace, no one will allow a young specialist to operate a complex and dangerous mechanism.
Admission conditions
Reasons for training: complete secondary education, physical condition of the worker.machinists excavator 4-6 categories require primary vocational education, for 7-8th categories - secondary vocational education.
Duration of training
Training after 9th grade – 2.5 years
Main disciplines studied
Materials Science
Plumbing
Basics of technical drawing
Electrical engineering
Fundamentals of technical mechanics and hydraulics
Life safety
Qualification of a graduate of an educational institution
Availability of qualification documents (diploma, certificates, entry in the work book confirming specialization and assigned rank).
To operate an excavator, an employee must have the appropriate documents (a license to operate special equipment).
Employee's salary According to AGOK OTIZ, the average salary is 90,385 rubles.
Prospects for professional growth or promotion
The main requirement for this work is a technical mindset and attentiveness, since the road (including the railway) does not forgive mistakes. Machinist is a very common profession, since the railway
« tied up» the whole country and in general the whole planet, with the possible exception of small islands and Antarctica. These specialists can be found on the ground and underground, as subway locomotive drivers work there. Considering that operators also belong to this professionother machines, then they can be found in the field on a combine, and at a factory and at a turbogenerator station.
Duration of vacation
Duration of vacation - 75 days.
Many boys in childhood watched in fascination the work and movement of construction or military equipment. The bizarre, palpable power fascinates even from a considerable distance. However, many young men do not stop dreaming about specialized heavy equipment even at the age when it is time to think about choosing a profession. What does an excavator operator do and what responsibilities does this specialist have?
How to get this specialty?
In order to work as an excavator operator, you must have a specialized secondary specialized education. Persons who have graduated from college in a related specialty can take advanced training courses that last several months. As for career growth, there are always prospects. An excavator operator can have from 4 to 6 categories. There are also frequent cases when excavator operators with extensive work experience, after yet another advanced training (at specialized courses), easily get hired as mechanics. You can also try to find a job in the field of development and production of construction equipment, but for this it is desirable to have a higher specialized education, which can be obtained in absentia while working.
Features of the profession
It is not difficult to guess that the excavator driver controls the earthmoving equipment. But his responsibilities do not end there. Periodic maintenance and minor repairs, provided that the excavator is not under manufacturer's warranty, are also important. It is important to understand that working with heavy construction equipment involves high risks and great responsibility. An excavator operator has no right to make mistakes; he must remember safety rules perfectly, be able to visually determine the distances between objects with high accuracy and have a good reaction. This work is intended for people with a stable psyche, since in any emergency situation the severity of the consequences largely depends on how quickly the excavator operator has time to react. A graduate of a secondary specialized institution will have to start his career as an excavator." Such an internship is simply necessary: even if the student studied diligently, he still has to learn a lot about technology and the peculiarities of work in practice.
Is it profitable to work in this field?
The level varies depending on the specifics of the work and regional factors. Average figures for the province are from 25 thousand rubles. But in the capital, the same specialist will already receive 50-60 thousand rubles, and this is only the average, often an excavator driver receives 100 thousand rubles. Moscow is a city of great opportunities and high prices, so this difference is not surprising. This profession is pleasant because of its variety of schedules; you can easily find a vacancy with a standard sequence of work/weekends - 2/2. It is not at all difficult to get a job on a rotational basis; some companies also practice night shift work. But don’t think that being an excavator driver is an easy profession. Working conditions can hardly be called comfortable even when operating modern machines. However, this is a matter of taste and, perhaps, there really is some kind of romance in this.