Onegin is a young man of the 19th century. Young hero of the first third of the 19th century - Onegin and Pechorin - Composition
Young hero of the first third of the 19th century - Onegin and Pechorin
Eugene Onegin and Grigory Pechorin - two heroes, two eras, two destinies. One is the result of disillusionment with previous ideals (ideals of freedom, equality, brotherhood), since its creator was formed as a person in the 10s-20s of the XIX century. The other is a typical representative of the youth of the 1930s. This era is characterized by complete inactivity that followed the uprising in Senate Square, the absence of ideals in general.
Both heroes open a large gallery of "extra people". Yes, they, according to the apt expression of A.I. Herzen, can be considered brothers: "Onegin is Russian, he is possible only in Russia, in it he is needed and he is met at every step ..." The hero of our time "Lermontov is his youngest brother". Onegin and Pechorin have a lot in common: both of them are representatives of the capital's nobility, they are rich, well educated, both possess the science of "tender passion", are smart, stand head and shoulders above those around them. Immense forces have accumulated in their souls, which do not find any positive application. Life is boring to them, like a book they have read long ago. And they flip through it indifferently, yawning into a fist. Even in the poem "Prisoner of the Caucasus" Pushkin set himself the task of showing in the hero "the premature old age of the soul, which has become the main feature of the younger generation." This goal was achieved only in the novel "Eugene Onegin".
Onegin is a contemporary of Pushkin and the Decembrists. The Onegins were not satisfied with the social life, the career of an official and a landowner. Belinsky points out that Onegin could not engage in useful activities "due to certain inevitable circumstances that do not depend on our will," that is, because of socio-political conditions. Onegin, a "suffering egoist," "an unwilling egoist, is still an outstanding personality. The poet notes such traits as" involuntary devotion to dreams, inimitable strangeness and a sharp, chilled mind. "
Pechorin is another example of a "ripe", aged young man. Paradoxical as this comparison is, nevertheless it very clearly reflects the essence of Pechorin's character. Lermontov's lines from "Duma" involuntarily come to mind: So, an early fruit, Ripe until the time, Neither our taste pleases, nor the eyes Hanging among the flowers - an orphaned newcomer. And the hour of their beauty is the hour of his fall.
Pechorin is a hero of the 30s of the 19th century. This nature is more active than Onegin. Pechorin thirsts for activity. He has an awareness of his power and a desire to apply this power in life. In his diary, he writes: "Why did I live? For what purpose was I born? True, it existed, and, perhaps, I had a high purpose, because I feel immense strength in my soul." Young people of that time had very few opportunities to use their rich powers. In the socio-political conditions of the 30s of the 19th century, the rich forces of Pechorin could not find a use for themselves. He is wasted on petty adventures. "But I did not guess my destination, I was carried away by the lures of passions ..." Wherever Pechorin appears, he brings misfortune to people: smugglers leave their house ("Taman"), Grushnitsky is killed, a deep wound has been inflicted on Princess Mary, Vera does not know happiness ("Princess Mary"), Bela dies ("Bela"), hacked to death by a drunken Cossack Vulich ("Fatalist"), Maxim Maksimych is disappointed in friendship. Moreover, Pechorin well understands his thankless role: “How many times have I already played the role of an ax in the hands of fate! As an instrument of execution I fell on the heads of doomed victims, often without malice, always without regret ... sacrificed nothing for those he loved. "
According to Belinsky, "A Hero of Our Time" is "a sad thought about our time ..." and Pechorin is "This is Onegin of our time, a hero of our time. Their dissimilarity is much less than the distance between Onego and Pechora."
In the preface to the second edition of A Hero of Our Time, Lermontov did not directly express his attitude towards the hero. First of all, the author set himself the task of truthfully showing a typical hero of his time.
And yet Lermontov believes in his hero, believes that “his heart longs for pure and unselfish love”, that Pechorin is not a one hundred percent egoist, because “egoism does not suffer, does not blame himself, but is satisfied with himself, glad of himself ... "Lermontov, according to Belinsky, believes in the spiritual rebirth - of his hero:" luxurious flowers of heavenly love. " We admire the genius of Pushkin and Lermontov, who managed to reflect the spirit of the times in their heroes. We can rightfully call their works the documents of our era.
In the novel "Eugene Onegin" A. Pushkin reproduces Russian life in the 20s of the XIX century. The author-poet took Russian society at one of the most interesting moments in its development. He showed the awakening of public interests among the progressive people of their time, their desire to find freedom and the possibility of active action. This was due to the inevitable clash of the new with the class traditions of the environment. The personal drama of Onegin and Tatiana reflected the spiritual drama of the progressive nobility of the 20s of the XIX century, who felt the impossibility of achieving
Their ideals in the conditions of feudal reality.
The protagonist of the novel by Alexander Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" is the nobleman Eugene Onegin.
The environment to which Onegin belonged shaped his beliefs, his morals, interests and tastes. Living in debt, Onegin's father did not invent a special upbringing system for his son - he acted like everyone else:
At first Madam followed him,
Then Monsieur took over.
A superficial, secular upbringing was a custom, a norm. Creating the character of the hero, the author emphasized his typicality - this is how everyone was brought up in this environment. Onegin's upbringing, his interests, life were divorced from everything national, folk.
Wednesday also determined the type of "occupation" of our hero, when the time came for "rebellious youth." - secular life. All day, Onegin sleeps, "turning the morning at midnight":
Wakes up at noon, and again
Until the morning, his life is ready.
Monotonous and variegated.
And tomorrow is the same as yesterday.
Secular life taught Onegin to be hypocritical, to speak evil:
How early could he be a hypocrite
Conceal hope, be jealous
Reassure, make you believe
To seem gloomy, to languish ...
Eugene Onegin was smart, noble, able to feel deeply and strongly. He early understood the worthlessness of secular society and felt like a stranger and a superfluous person in high society drawing rooms. It was hard for him and
It is unbearable to see in front of you
There is a long row of dinners alone,
See life as a rite of passage
And after the decorous crowd
Go without sharing with her
No shared opinions, no passions.
Eugene Onegin decides to leave Petersburg for his estate, so as not to see this "disgusting and feigned" life of secular society. Onegin's predominant state in the village was boredom and laziness. There, Eugene decided to establish a new order in order to do some business, but this did not help him either. Our hero did nothing in the countryside, as in Petersburg, he was bored and entertained himself.
In his wilderness, the desert sage,
Yarem he is an old corvee
Replaced the rent with a light one;
And the slave blessed him.
By his judgments and actions, Onegin incurred the suspicion of the landlords.
... pouted in his corner,
Seeing this terrible harm,
His calculating neighbor;
Another smiled slyly
That he is the most dangerous eccentric.
And here is Onegin's meeting with Tatiana. Eugene realized that this is a very "wonderful" girl, although she is not very beautiful and talkative. He judged people by their actions, by their deeds, and not by their outward gloss.
After Tatyana's letter, Onegin decides to tell her everything; he cannot marry her for two reasons: firstly, he did not prepare himself for family life, and secondly, he was looking for
your purpose in life. If he married, then his whole life would be a torment both for him and for Tatiana. Onegin is honest in his relationship with Tatyana, and when he meets her, he, like a loving brother, gives her a moral lesson:
Learn to rule yourself;
Not everyone will understand you like me;
Inexperience leads to trouble.
Onegin manifests selfishness in friendship and love. When he went to a duel with Lensky, he thought only of himself, that they would talk about him if he gave up the duel, because the "inveterate rogue and duelist" Zaretsky got involved in it. Only after the death of his only friend Lensky, Onegin realized that he had done very cruel and stupid things to him. He wanted to joke about tender love, but everything turned out differently - death.
Since our hero was brought up and lived far from everything national, he could not understand the Russian people, he was alien to both Russian nature and the people themselves.
Eugene Onegin is a type of "superfluous person" in the first half of the 19th century. He did not find his place in life. Eugene broke away from secular society, but he did not join any other. "The forces of this rich nature were left without application, life without meaning ..." - this is how VG Belinsky wrote about Onegin, who wrote the hero down as "superfluous people." All of Onegin's life and thoughts confirm this. But whether the hero himself or the time is to blame for this, history decides, we decide. The main thing is not to make a mistake and correctly dot the i's.
The search for the meaning of life by young people of the early 19th century in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"
Pushkin's works "Eugene Onegin" and Griboyedov's "Woe from Wit" depict the same period in the life of Russian society - the years on the eve of the Decembrist uprising. At that time, the noble society was divided into three groups, as it were. Most of the nobles spent their time at balls, and they were not at all interested in either the fate of the Russian people or the fate of their homeland. Another group represents people disillusioned with life, who, however, are not able to break with society and embark on the path of struggle. This is the hero of Pushkin's novel - Onegin.
And the smallest group of nobles, whose representative is Alexander Andreevich Chatsky, embarked on the path of struggle against the autocracy, since such people are never indifferent to the fate of the Motherland and the people. They strive with all their heart and soul to change life for the better, even if this is achieved at the cost of their reputation, position in society and even life.
Chatsky and Onegin are young people of about the same age and origin, both of them by right of birth belong to the highest aristocracy. They received the education and upbringing, usual for the young nobility of that time, when they taught "something and somehow". The upbringing of both Chatsky and Onegin was carried out by foreign tutors, "in more numbers, at a cheaper price." But if Eugene Onegin, having received a certain minimum of knowledge, “goes into the big world”, then Chatsky goes abroad to “search for the mind,” that is, continues his education, and this is one of the reasons why their lives develop so differently.
Onegin, despising the people among whom he was forced to be, remained on friendly terms with them, unable to find the strength to break with the society to which he belonged. Chatsky, having returned from abroad and not seeing any changes for the better in his homeland, openly comes into conflict with the people to whose circle he belongs.
Both Chatsky and Onegin are smart people. Liza, Sophia's maid, says that Chatsky is "sensitive, and cheerful, and sharp." Pushkin, on the other hand, notes the "harsh, chilled mind" of his hero. And both of them - people "strange" for those among whom they had to live. Chatsky exclaims bitterly:
Am I weird? And who is not strange? The one who looks like all fools ...
Pushkin also speaks of Onegin's “inimitable strangeness”. And all the "strangeness" of the heroes was due to dissatisfaction with the life they led. But if Chatsky is clearly aware of his duties, his civic duty, then Onegin gives himself entirely to the "Russian blues." He, "having lived without a goal, without work until twenty-six years, languishing in inaction of leisure, without service, without a wife, without work, did not know how to do anything."
Chatsky wants to serve "the cause, not the people." He seeks to make life easier for the people, not only denouncing the feudal landlords, but also carrying out certain reforms in his domains. It is not for nothing that Famusov reproaches him: "In name, brother, do not run wrongly." Onegin, like Chatsky, also tried to make the life of the peasants easier;
He replaced the old corvée with a light one with a yarma ... And the slave blessed his fate ...
But it didn’t go further than that. Not knowing the life of his people, being cut off from national roots, Onegin could not finish what he had begun. Onegin is like that in everything. He tried to read and write, but "hard work was sick of him." Let us recall Chatsky's desire to be active. Some kind of liveliness, energy is felt in all his behavior. Onegin is tired of everything, he is bored of idleness.
Chatsky and Onegin have different manifestations of their ability to love. If Chatsky sincerely loves Sophia, seeing in her his feminine ideal, his future wife, then in Onegin "feelings have cooled off early," he is not capable of love. “I am not made for bliss,” he says to Tatiana.
In my opinion, Chatsky and Onegin are very different from each other, but they have a lot in common. These are people with "an embittered mind seething in empty action." Here it is, "Russian blues"! But if Onegin, as Pisarev noted, all that remains is that "give up his boredom as an inevitable evil", then Chatsky is destined for a different path. In my opinion, his fate is a foregone conclusion. Most likely, he was among those who came out on December 14, 1825 to the Senate Square. Then, together with everyone who took part in the conspiracy, he returned from exile only after the death of Nicholas in 1856, unless, of course, he died on the day of the uprising.
I am. This, it seems to me, is the main difference between Chatsky and Onegin, who was never able to realize himself. It is he who is the founder of the gallery of “superfluous people”, about whom Belinsky wrote: “And these creatures are often endowed with great moral advantages, great spiritual powers, they promise a lot, perform little or do nothing. This is not from themselves, there is a fatum, which consists in reality, which they are surrounded by, like air, and from which it is not possible and not in the power of man to free himself. "
“Chatsky is a Decembrist,” wrote Herzen. And he is, of course, right. But no less important idea is expressed by Goncharov: “Chatsky is inevitable with every change of one century to another. Every case requiring renewal evokes the shadow of Chatsky. "
We are equally dear to both Chatsky and Onegin, because they are representatives of one of the most interesting periods of our history - the first quarter of the 19th century. And, despite their shortcomings, the reader empathizes with these heroes. And even if time passes, it brings with it new changes, but the heroes of Griboyedov and Pushkin will always evoke only positive emotions in the reader and will in many ways serve as an example.
Eugene Onegin is a young nobleman and aristocrat, the protagonist of the greatest novel in verse by Alexander Pushkin "Eugene Onegin", which was created by the Russian genius for eight years. In this work, named by the outstanding literary critic of the 19th century V.G. Belinsky "encyclopedia of Russian life", Pushkin reflected all his thoughts, feelings, concepts and ideals, his life, soul and love.
In the image of the main character, the author embodied the type of modern man of his era, who throughout the novel, like Pushkin, grows up, grows wiser, gains experience, loses and gains friends, makes mistakes, suffers and is mistaken, makes decisions that radically change his life. The name of the novel itself shows the central place of the hero in the work and Pushkin's special attitude towards him, and although he has no prototypes in real life, he knows the author, has common friends with him and is really connected with the real life of that time.
Characteristics of the main character
(Eugene with Tatiana, meeting in the garden)
The personality of Eugene Onegin can be called quite complex, ambiguous and contradictory. His egoism, vanity and high demands both for the surrounding reality and for himself - on the one hand, a delicate and vulnerable mental organization, a rebellious spirit striving for freedom - on the other. An explosive mixture of these qualities makes him an outstanding person and immediately attracts the attention of readers to his person. We meet the main character at the age of 26, he is described to us as a representative of the St. Petersburg golden youth, indifferent and filled with anger and bilious irony, seeing no sense in anything, tired of luxury, idle idleness and other earthly entertainments. To show the origins of his disappointment in life, Pushkin tells us about his origins, childhood and adolescence.
Onegin was born into an aristocratic wealthy, but later ruined family, received a rather superficial education, divorced from the realities of Russian life, but quite typical for that time, which allowed him to easily speak French, dance a mazurka, bow freely and have pleasant manners for going out. ...
Plunging into a carefree social life with its entertainments (visiting theaters, balls, restaurants), romance novels, a complete lack of responsibilities and the need to earn a living, Onegin quickly becomes satiated and feels a real disgust for the empty and idle metropolitan tinsel. He falls into depression (or as it was then called in the "Russian blues") and tries to distract himself by finding something to do. First, this is a literary test of the pen, which ended in complete failure, then drunken reading of books, which quickly bored him, and finally flight and voluntary retreat in the wilderness of the village. The pampered noble upbringing, which did not instill in him a love of work and a lack of willpower, led to the fact that he could not bring any business to its logical conclusion, he spent too long time in idleness and laziness, and such a life ruined him completely.
Arriving in the village, Onegin avoids the society of neighbors, lives alone and apart. At first, he even tries to make the life of the peasants in some way easier, replacing the corvee with "light rent", but old habits take their toll and, having carried out one single reform, he becomes bored and sad and gives up everything.
(Painting by Ilya Repin "Onegin's duel with Lensky" 1899)
True gifts of fate (Onegin selfishly did not appreciate them and carelessly discarded them) were sincere friendship with Lensky, whom Eugene killed in a duel, and the sublime, bright love of the beautiful girl Tatyana Larina (also rejected). Having become a hostage to public opinion, which he really despised so much, Onegin agrees to a duel with Lensky, who has become a truly close-minded person to him, and mortally wounds him in a duel.
Selfishness, indifference, indifference to life and mental callousness did not allow him to appreciate the great gift of love offered by fate, and he remains for the rest of his life a lonely and restless seeker of the meaning of life. Having matured and wiser, he again meets Tatyana in St. Petersburg and falls madly in love with that gorgeous and brilliant society lady she has become. But it is too late to change something, his love is rejected due to a sense of duty and Onegin is left with nothing.
The image of the hero in the work
(Painting by Y. M. Ignatiev based on the novel "Eugene Onegin")
The image of Onegin in Russian literature reveals a whole galaxy of heroes, the so-called "superfluous people" (Pechorin, Oblomov, Rudin, Laevsky), who are tormented in the surrounding reality, are in search of new moral and spiritual values. But they are too weak, lazy or selfish to take any real action that can change their lives for the better. The finale of the work is ambiguous, Onegin remains at a crossroads and can still find himself and perform actions and deeds that will benefit society.
"Eugene Onegin the image of the author" - Themes and role of lyrical digressions in the novel. Essay plan on the theme: "The Image of Eugene Onegin". Lyrical digressions give the novel depth, comprehensiveness, breadth. The image of the author. Tatiana and Olga Larins. Themes of lyrical digressions. Which of the heroes is directly involved in the plot of the novel? Onegin is a type of young man of the early 19th century.
"Eugene Onegin novel" - In Chapter 1, we analyzed the stage in the theater and saw that Onegin is a spiritual invalid. Belinsky about Eugene Onegin. Research plan: Research progress: First of all, a person is complex, changing, contradicting himself. Following Onegin, Lermontovsky Pechorin, Turgenevsky Rudin, Goncharovsky Oblomov appeared.
"Lessons on Pushkin Eugene Onegin" - A.S. Pushkin. The heroic world of the novel. The novel "Eugene Onegin". Anna Akhmatova. Summing up the lesson. Lesson-prologue to the study of the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". Introductory speech of the teacher. Composition of the novel. Lesson plan.
"Eugene Onegin game" - Eugene Onegin. Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. My uncle had the most honest rules, When he got seriously ill ... Pushkin is a friend of Onegin, whom he met and made friends with in St. Petersburg. Biography of A. Pushkin. Players choose a topic, then a question. Arrange in the correct sequence the events described in the novel: Here Pushkin worked very fruitfully.
“Tatiana Larina” - We all learned a little, Something and somehow, So, thank God, it’s no wonder we shine with education ... We learned that the nanny was engaged in the upbringing of noble girls first, and then the governesses, often taken from a foreign environment. The girls were taught good manners, foreign languages, the art of dance, playing music, and handicrafts.
"Roman Onegin" - VG Belinsky. Literary controversy around the novel. Where did Lensky come to the village from? "Not a novel, but a novel in verse." The artistic method in art and literature. Pisarev. Onegin is a “suffering egoist” who is suffocated by “inactivity and vulgarity of life”. Publication: Lesson objectives: Where did Monsieur take young Onegin for a walk?
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