Artist Van Gogh Biography. Brief biography Van Gogh

09.07.2019

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Vincent Van Gogh. Born in the Dutch city of Groot-Zundert on March 30, 1853. Van Gogh was the first child in the family (not counting the born brother born). The father was called Theodore Van Gogh, Mother - Carnellius. The family had a big one: 2 sons and three daughters. In the genus Van Gogh, all men, one way or another dealt with the paintings, or served the church. Already by 1869, without even finishing school, he began to work in a firm that sold pictures. In truth, Van Gogh did not work well sell paintings, but he had endless love for painting, and he was also well given languages. In 1873, at the 20th age, he got into, where he spent 2 years, which changed his whole life.

In London, Van Gogh lived. He had very good sorry, which was enough to visit various art galleries and museums. He even bought a cylinder, without which it was simply impossible to do in London. Everything went to the fact that Van Gogh could be a successful merchant, but ... as it happens, in the way his career became love, yes, it was love. Van Gogh to fearlessly fell in love with his apartment hostess, but learning that she was already engaged, it was very closed in himself, he became indifferent to his work. When he returned to him fired.

In 1877, Van Gogh began to live again, and there was more and more consolation in religion. After moving to he began to study at the priest, but soon threw his studies, since he was not satisfied at the faculty.

In 1886, in early March, Van Gogh moves to Paris to the Council of Brother Theo, and he lives in his apartment. There he takes painting lessons from Fernan Kormon, and meets such personalities as, and many other artists. Very quickly, he forgets all the darkness of Dutch life, and quickly conquers respect as an artist. Draws clearly, bright in the style of impressionism and postmingness.

Vincent Van Gogh., After spending 3 months in the Evangelical School, which was in Brussels, became a preacher. He distributed money and clothes to be poor, although he himself was not enough enough. It caused a suspicion of the church's head, and his activity was banned. He did not lose, and found a consolation in drawing.

By 27 years, Van Gogh understood what his vocation in this life, and decided that he had to become an artist who had to become. Although Van Gogh also took drawing lessons, but it can be considered self-taught with confidence, because he himself studied many books, self-tutorials, sought. In first, he thought to become an illustrator, but then when she took her lessons from his belly-artist - Anton Mouwe, wrote his first work with oil.

It seems that life began to improve, but again Van Gogh began to pursue failures, and love. His cousin Kay Vos became a widow. She really liked her, but he received a refusal that was worried for a long time. In addition, because of Kei, he quarreled very seriously with his father. This tap was the reason for the movement of Vincent to Hague. It is there that he gets acquainted with Clazic Maria Hournfulnik, who was a girl of easy behavior. With her, Van Gogh lived for almost a year, and he repeatedly had to be treated from venereological diseases. He wanted to save this poor woman, and even thought to marry her. But here his family already intervened, and the thoughts of marriage were simply dispelled.

Returning to their homeland to the parents who have already moved to Nynane, his skill began to be improved. He spent 2 years in his homeland. In 1885, Vincent settled in Antwerp, where he visited classes at the Academy of Arts. Then, in 1886, Van Gogh again returns to Paris, to his brother Theo, who throughout his life helped him as morally and financially. became the second home for Van Gogh. It was in her who he lived all his remaining life. He did not feel here a stranger. Van Gogh drank a lot, and was very explosive. He could be called a man with whom it is difficult to deal with.

In 1888 he moved to Arles. The locals were not glad to see him in their town, which was in the south of France. They considered him an abnormal Lunatic. Despite this Vincent found friends here, and felt quite good. Over time, he came to create a settlement for artists here than he shared with his friend Hohen. Everything went well, but there was a breakdown between the artists. Van Gogh rushed to the Mogen's enemy with a razor. Gogen barely took place, miraculously survived. From the anger of the failure of Van Gogh cut off a part of the left ear. After spending 2 weeks in a psychiatric clinic, he returned back in 1889, as he began to torment hallucinations.

In May 1890, he finally left the shelter for mentally ill and went to Paris to his brother Theo and his wife, who only gave birth to a boy, who was called Vincent in honor of his uncle. Life began to improve, and Van Gogh was even happy, but his disease returned again. On July 27, 1890, Vincent Van Gogh himself shot himself into the chest from the pistol. He died on the hands of his brother Theo, who loved him very much. After half a year, the theo died. The brothers are buried at the Sheer's cemetery nearby.

Vincent Villem Van Gogh (Notherl. Vincent Willem Van Gogh; March 30, 1853, Grottoes-Süntert, near Breda, Netherlands - July 29, 1890, Over-Sur-UAZ, France) - Dutch Grade-Paulmigresionist.

Vincent Van Goghography

Vincent Van Gogh. Born in the Dutch city of Groot-Zundert on March 30, 1853. Van Gogh was the first child in the family (not counting the born brother born). The father was the name of Theodore Wang Gog, mother - Carnellius. The family had a big one: 2 sons and three daughters. In the genus Van Gogh, all men, one way or another dealt with the paintings, or served the church. Already by 1869, without even finishing school, he began to work in a firm that sold pictures. In truth, Van Gogh did not work well sell paintings, but he had endless love for painting, and he was also good. In 1873, at the 20th age, he got to London, where he spent 2 years, which changed his whole life.

In 1877, Van Gogh began to live again in Holland, and there was more and more consolation in religion. After moving to Amsterdam, he began to study at the priest, but soon threw his studies, since he did not suit him at the faculty.

In 1886, in early March, Van Gogh moves to Paris to the Council of Brother Theo, and he lives in his apartment. There he takes the lessons of painting from Fernan Kormon, and get acquainted with such personalities as Pissaro, Gauguin and many other artists. Very quickly, he forgets all the darkness of Dutch life, and quickly conquers respect as an artist. Draws clearly, bright in the style of impressionism and postmingness.

Vincent Wang Gogh., After spending 3 months in the Evangelical School, which was in Brussels, became a preacher. He distributed money and clothes to be poor, although he himself was not enough enough. It caused a suspicion of the church's head, and his activity was banned. He did not lose, and found a consolation in drawing.

By 27 years, Wang Gogh understood what his vocation in this life was, and decided that he had to become an artist who had to become. Although Van Gogh also took drawing lessons, but it can be considered self-taught with confidence, because he himself studied many books, tutorials, referring paintings by famous artists. At first, he thought to become an illustrator, but then, when she took her lessons from his belly-artist - Anton Mouwe, wrote his first work with oil.

It seems that life began to improve, but again Van Gogh began to pursue failures, and love.

His cousin Kay Vos became a widow. She really liked her, but he received a refusal that was worried for a long time. In addition, because of Kei, he quarreled very seriously with his father. This tap was the reason for the movement of Vincent to Hague. It is there that he gets acquainted with Clazic Maria Hournfulnik, who was a girl of easy behavior. With her, Van Gogh lived for almost a year, and he repeatedly had to be treated from venereological diseases. He wanted to save this poor woman, and even thought to marry her. But here his family already intervened, and the thoughts of marriage were simply dispelled.

Returning to their homeland to the parents who have already moved to Nynane, his skill began to be improved.

He spent 2 years in his homeland. In 1885, Vincent settled in Antwerp, where he visited classes at the Academy of Arts. Then, in 1886, Van Gogh again returns to Paris, to his brother Theo, who throughout his life helped him as morally and financially. France became the second home for Van Gogh. It was in her who he lived all his remaining life. He did not feel here a stranger. Van Gogh drank a lot, and was very explosive. He could be called a man with whom it is difficult to deal with.

Creativity Van Gogh

Vincent Van Gogh (1853 - 1890) is considered a great Dutch artist who had a very strong impact on impressionism in art. His works created in the ten-year period are striking by their color, negligence and roughness of the smear, the images exhausted by the suffering of the mentally ill, who committed suicide.

Van Gogh became one of the greatest artists-postimigressionists.

It can be considered self-taught, because He studied painting, copying the paintings of old masters. During the period of life in the Netherlands, Wang G. wrote pictures of nature, labor and the life of peasants and workers, which he watched around ("Potato Etheries").

In 1886, he moved to Paris, entered the studio F. Kormon, where he met A. Toulouse-Lotrek and E. Bernar. Under the impression of the painting of impressionists and the Japanese engraving, the artist's manner changed: there was an intense colors and a wide vigorous smear, characteristic of the late Wan V. Klischi, "Portrait of Dad Tangs").

In 1888, he moved to the south of Frannia, in the town of Arles. It was the most fruitful period of artist's creativity. For his life, Wang G. created more than 800 paintings and 700 drawings in a variety of genres, but brighter his talent manifested itself in the landscape: it was in him who found his choleric explosive temperament. In the movable, nervous picturesque texture of his paintings, the spiritual state of the artist reflected: he suffered a mental illness, which eventually led him to suicide.

Features of creativity

"Much remains unclear and controversial to the present in the pathography of this severe bioegal personality. It is possible to assume syphilitic provoking of schizo-epileptic psychosis. His feverish creativity is quite comparable to the increased productivity of the brain before the start of the syphilitic disease of the brain, as was Nietzsche, Maupassant, Shuman. Van Gogh presents a good example of how mediocre talent, thanks to psychosis, turned into a world-recognized genius. "

"A peculiar bipolarity, so pronounced in life and psychosis of this wonderful patient, is also expressed in parallel in his artistic work. Essentially, the style of its works remains the same all the time. Only increasingly repeated with winding lines, giving it the paintings of the spirit of differentity, which reaches its culmination point in its last work, where the desire and imminentness of destruction, fall, destruction are brightly emphasized. These two movements are attributed to the rise and movement of the fall - form the structural basis of epileptic manifestations, just as two poles form the basis of the epileptoid constitution. "

"Drew brilliant pictures of Van Gogh in breaks between attacks. And the main secret of his genius was an extraordinary purity of consciousness and a special creative rise, which arose as a result of his illness between the attacks. About this special state of consciousness wrote F.M. Dostoevsky, who suffered at one time similar attacks of mysterious spiritual disorder. "

Bright Paint Van Gogh

Dreaming about the fraternity of artists and collective work, he completely forgot that he himself was an incorrigible individualist, irreconcilable to restraint in matters of life and art. But this was his strength. It is necessary to have enough trained eye to distinguish the pattern of monet from the canvases, for example, silent. But only once, seeing "red vineyards", no one and never work Van Gogh to be confused. Each line and smear - expressivers of his personality.

Dominant impressionistic system - color. In a picturesque system, Wang Gogh's manner is all equal and crumpled into one inimitable bright ensemble: rhythm, color, texture, line, shape.

At first glance, there is some stretch. Unless the color of the "red vineyards" illuminated on the intensity is not active, isn't the linking chord of the blue cobalt in the "Sea to Saint-Marie", isn't it dazzling and the scenery of the landscape in the rain after the rain, next to which, any impressionistic picture looks hopelessly blocked?

Exaggeratedly bright these paints have the ability to sound in any intonation on the entire length of the emotional range - from burning pain to the gentle shades of joy. The sounding paints are woven into gently and finely coharled melody, they get out in the cutting of the dissonance. Just as in music there is a minor and major stroke, and the colors of the Wangogovsky palette are divided. For Van Gogh Cold and warm - as life and death. At the head of the opposing camps - yellow and blue, both colors are deeply symbolic. However, this "symbolism" is the same lively flesh, as well as the Wangogovsky ideal of the beautiful.

In yellow paint from gently lemon to intensively orange Van Gogh saw some bright start. The color of the sun and ripened bread in his understanding was the color of joy, solar heat, human kindness, benevolence, love and happiness - all the fact that in his mind turned on in the concept of "life." The opposite in the meaning of blue, from the blue to almost black and lead - the color of the sorrow, infinity, longing, despair, mental flour, fatal inevitability and, ultimately, death. Late paintings Van Gogh - the crash of these two colors. They are like a struggle of good and evil, daylight light and night dusk, hopes and despair. The emotional and psychological capabilities of the color are the subject of permanent reflection Van Gogh: "I hope to make the discovery in this area, for example, to express the feelings of two in love with the combination of two additional colors, mixture and contrasting, mysterious vibration of related tones. Or express the idea of \u200b\u200bthe shining of a light tone in the brain on a dark background ... ".

Speaking about Van Gogh, Tougyandhold remarked: "... notes of his experiences - graphic rhythms of things and response heartbeats." The concept of rest is unknown by Wangog art. His element - movement.

In the eyes of Van Gogh, it is the same life, which means that the ability to think, feel, empathize. Press in the painting of "red vineyards". The smears thrown onto the canvas with a rapid hand run, rushing, encounter, scatter again. Similar to screenshots, points, blots, commas, they are the transcript of the Wangogovsky vision. From their cascades and whirlpools are born simplified and expressive forms. They are a line designed in the drawing. Their relief is barely planned, then brimmed by massive clots, - as the rugged earth, forms a delightful, scenic texture. And from all this there is a huge image on the scale: in the hot sun, like sinners in the fire, the grape vines are crying, rushing to break away from the fat purple earth, break out of the hands of winegartes, and now the peaceful bustle of harvest looks like a fight of a person with nature.

So, then, still dominates the color? But isn't these paints at the same time and rhythm, and the line, and form, and texture? It is in this that the most important feature of the picturesque language of Van Gogh, on which he speaks with us through his paintings.

It is often believed that Wangogi painting has a certain uncontrollable emotional element, picked by unbridled insight. This delusion "helps" the originality of the artistic manner of Van Gogh, indeed, seemingly spontaneous, in fact, is finely calculated, thoughtful: "work and sober calculation, the mind is strained extremely, like a actor when performing a difficult role when you have to think about a thousand things For one half hour ... "

Heredity van gogh and innovation

Heredity Van Gogh

[Mother's sister] "... seizures of epilepsy, which indicates severe nervous heredity, which affects the most Anna Cornelia. From nature gentle and loving, it is subject to unexpected flashes of anger. "
[Brother Teo] "... Died six months after the suicide of Vincent in the clinic for insane in Utrecht, having lived 33 years."
"None of the brothers and sisters Van Gogh epilepsy was not, whereas it is absolutely known that the younger sister suffered from schizophrenia and spent 32 years in a psychiatric hospital."

Human soul ... and not cathedrals

Let us turn to Van Gogh:

"I prefer to write people's eyes, not the cathedrals ... Human soul, even if the soul of the unfortunate or street girl, in my opinion, is much more interesting."

"Who writes peasant life, will better withstand the test by time than manufacturers written in Paris cardinal techniques and harem." "I will stay myself, and even in raw works I will speak strict, rude, but truthful things." "The worker against the bourgeois is so not well justified as a hundred years ago the third estimate against the other two."

Could a person who in these and thousands of such statements explained the meaning of life and art so, rely on the success of "the strong world of this? ". Bourgeois medium escaped Van Gogh.

Against the rejection of Van Gogh was the only weapon - confidence in the correctness of the chosen path and work.

"Art is a struggle ... it is better to do anything than to express myself weakly." "It is necessary to work like a few blacks." Even a half-beetled existence has been drawn to the stimulus for creativity: "In the harsh tests of poverty, you learn to look at things with completely different eyes."

The bourgeois audience does not forgive innovation, and Van Gogh was an innovator in the most direct and true sense of the word. His reading of the sublime and beautiful went through an understanding of the inner essence of objects and phenomena: from, insignificant as torn shoes, to crushing cosmic hurricanes. The ability to submit these seemingly unauthorized values \u200b\u200bin the equally huge artistic scale put Van Gogh not only outside the official aesthetic concept of artists of the academic direction, but also forced him to go beyond impressionistic painting.

Quotes Vincent Van Gogh

(from letters to brother Teo)

There is nothing more artistic than to love people.
When something in you says: "You're not an artist," immediately start writing, my boy, - only this way you will forced this inner voice to silence. The same, who, having heard him, runs to friends and complains of his misfortune, loses part of his courage, part of the best that there is in it.
And it is not necessary to take your drawbacks too close to the heart, for the one who has no them, still suffers in one - the lack of flaws; The same one who believes that he has reached perfect wisdom, will well do if it melts again.
A man carries his bright flame in his heart, but no one wants to warm up near him; The passersby notice only the smoke, going through the pipe, and pass their own way.
Reading the books, as well as looking at the paintings, it is impossible to doubt or hesitate: it is necessary to be confident and find a wonderful thing that is beautiful.
What is drawing? How do they master? This ability to break through the iron wall, which is standing between what you feel, and what you know. How nevertheless penetrate through such a wall? In my opinion, it is useless to beat her head, it needs to slowly and patiently pour and climb.
Blessed one who found his business.
I prefer not to speak anything in general nothing to be expressed.
I confess, I also need beauty and elevation, but even more something else, for example: kindness, responsiveness, tenderness.
After all, you are realistic, so wiper and my realism.
A person needs only invariably to love what decent love, and not to cultivate his feeling for insignificant, unworthy and insignificant.
It is impossible for longing to be stood in our soul like water in a swamp.
When I see how the weak rushes, I begin to doubt the value of what is called progress and civilization.

Bibliography

Van Gogh.Pis. Per. With Gol. - L.-M., 1966.
Revald J.Postimpressionism. Per. from English T. 1. - L.-M, 1962.
Perryoshu A.Zhizn Van Gogh. Per. With Franz. - M., 1973.
Murina Elena.van Gogh. - M.: Art, 1978. - 440 p. - 30,000 copies.
Dmitrieva N. A.Vinsten Van Gogh. Man and artist. - M., 1980.
Stone I.Jud Life (book). Tale of Vincent Van Gogh. Per. from English - M., True, 1988.
Constantino Porcuvan Gogh. Zijn Leven EN De Kunst. (From the KunstklassieKers series) Nanarenda, 2004.
Wolf Stadlervincent Van Gogh. (From the De Grote Meesters series) Amsterdam Boek, 1974.
Frank Koolsvincent Van Gogh EN Zijn Geboorteplaats: Als Een Boer Van Zundert. DE WALBURG PERS, 1990.
Kozlov, "Legend of Van Gogh", "Around the World", No. 7, 2007.
Van Gogh V. Letters to friends / lane. With Fr. P. Melkova. - SPb.: ABC, ABC-Attikus, 2012. - 224 p. - Series "ABC-Classic" - 5,000 copies, ISBN 978-5-389-03122-7
Gordeeva M., Perova D.Vinsten Van Gogh / in KN.: Great Artists - T.18 - Kiev, Komsomolskaya Pravda CJSC, 2010. - 48 p.

Vincent Van Gogh is one of the greatest artists of the world whose creativity has a great influence on the development of modern directions in painting and gives impetus for the development of impressionism. Today, countries such as the Netherlands, France and England are proud that such a great Creator had once lived and worked on their territory, and the value of his paintings in different parts of the Earth is not specified by any monetary unit, as well as the cost of irobot. However, no matter how sad it sounded, during the lifetime of Vincent Van Gogh his paintings did not imagine any value for society, and died this genius in a state of madness and full loneliness.

Van Gogh's creativity influenced many factors, so, it was undoubtedly influenced by his childhood, a warehouse of character, the time in which he was born. However, despite the fact that in his short life, the Creator experienced many diseases, depression, poverty, loneliness, he was never afraid and never ceased to experiment. And he experimented with everything, with which it was possible. So for your short creative path of Van Gogh put experiments with light and shadow, with color solutions, with form, with models and with various artistic techniques. His creativity changed and as his worldview changed.

So, born at the end of the nineteenth century in the low-income Netherlands family of the working class, Van Gogh was accustomed to watching the lives of ordinary people and empathize with her. At that time, the poor barely had enough funds for food, and therefore it was not possible to imagine that in a couple of centuries people will be able to get a technique at home in the chair, asking for a browser in the search bar: "Irobot Roomba 790 to buy."

Heavy times and impressionability of young Van Gogh served as the main impetus for the development of his creativity, in which the main characters were the people of the working class. In the pictures of that time, the Creator passed the entire severity of the position of poor people. Performing a canvas in dark colors, the artist clearly and accurately passed the estimating and oppressive atmosphere of that time.

However, by moving into the sunny France, the artist begins to write landscapes and still lifes-filled with life. Pictures of that period of creativity Van Gogh as if flowing with light, thanks to the use of blue, golden yellow, red, as well as writing them with the help of small smears.

The end of a short, but such rich artistic activities of Vincent Van Gogh's life, is considered the dawn of his work. It was in the last years of his life that the Creator is determined with his style and technique of writing paintings.

Son pastor. In 1869-76 he served as a commissioned by a decorative firm in the Hague, Brussels, London and Paris, in 1876 - the teacher in England. Waking up the study of theology, in 1878-79 was a preacher in Borinage (Belgium), where he learned the hard life of mines; The protection of their interests led Van Gogh to the conflict with the church authorities.

In the 1880s. Van Gogh appeals to art: visits Ah in Brussels (1880-81) and in Antwerp (1885-86), uses the advice of A. Mauwe in the Hague. Van Gogh with hobby draws disadvantaged people - mines of Borinja, and later - peasants, artisans, fishermen, whose life he watched in Holland in 1881-85. At the age of 30, Van Gogh begins to engage in painting and creates an extensive series of paintings and etudes, made in dark, dark colors and imbued with hot sympathy to ordinary people ("peasant", 1885, state museum Kreller-Muller, Otterlo; "Potato eater ", 1885, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam). Developing the traditions of critical realism of the 19th century, primarily creativity J. F. Mill, Van Gogh joined them with the emotional and psychological stresses of images, painfully sensitive perception of suffering and depression of people.

In 1886-88, living in Paris, Van Gogh visits a private studio; At the same time, he studies a clear-air painting of impressionists and Japanese engravings, it is attacked by A. Tuluz-Lotrek, P. Gogen. During this period, the dark palette gradually inferior place the sparkling of pure blue, golden-yellow and red tones, everything is freer and more dynamic became a smear ("Bridge through Seine", 1887, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam; "Portrait of Dad Tangi", 1887, Roden Museum, Paris).

Moving Van Gogh in 1888 to Arles opens the period of his maturity. It was quite determined by the originality of the picturesque manner of the artist, who expressed his attitude to the world and his emotional state, using contrasting combinations of color and free pastoral smear. Fireless feeling, painful glowing to harmony, beauty and happiness and fear of hostile man forces are embodied in landscapes shining joyful, sunny colors of the south ("harvest. La Cro Valley", "Fishermen's boats in Saint-Marie", 1888, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam), then in the sinister images of a terrible world, where a person is depressed with loneliness and helplessness ("Night Cafe", 1888, Private Assembly, New York).

The dynamics of the color and long winding smears fills the spiritualized life and the movement not only the nature and inhabiting her people ("red vineyards in Arle", 1888, the museum will show arts. A. S. Pushkin, Moscow), but also every inanimate subject (" Bedroom Van Gogh in Arle, 1888, Foundation V. Van Gogh, Amsterdam).

In the last years of his life, Van Gogh, in the last years of his life, was complicated by the attacks of mental illness, which led the artist to the tragic conflict with Gaen, who also arrived in Arles; Van Gogh enters the hospital in Arles, then in Saint-Remy (1889-90) and in Over-Sur-UAZ (1890), where hends the life of suicide.

The work of the last two years of life, Van Gogh noted by ecstatic obsession, extremely aggravated expression of color combinations, rhythm and textures, sharp changers - from inflated despair ("from the gates of eternity", 1890, state. Museum Krelerler-Muller, Outerlo) and insane visionary gusts ("Road with cypressions and stars", 1890, ibid.) Before the trembling feeling of enlightenment and peace ("Landscape in Overavel after the rain", 1890).

Creativity Van Gogh reflected a complex, turning point in the history of European culture. It is imbued with hot love for life, to a simple work person. At the same time, it expressed with a huge sincerity of the crisis of bourgeois humanism and the realism of the 19th century, painfully painful searches for spiritual moral values. Hence the special creative obsession Van Gogh, his impression expression and tragic. pathos; They determine the special place V. G. in the art of postmingnessism, one of whose main representatives he became.

Best days

Visputated: 252.

The smallest mom in the world

Since the biography of the master is really oversaturated for interesting facts, I would like to strudule your story for two parts. The first will illuminate the story of how Vincent Van Gogh became famous, and in the second there will be a familiar selection of employment incidents and events from the life of the Great Artist. The material is not a biographical calculation, here are the most interesting moments and situations from the life path of the artist.

Invaluable correspondence with his native brother

The biography of the Great Artist is rich in interesting facts, about most he himself told in the correspondence with his brother Theo. Thanks to these invaluable letters, we know what person was Vincent Van Gogh. In total, 903 letters have been preserved, during their communication between 1872 to 1890. What is noteworthy after Vincent began to engage in painting, he illustrated almost every one of his letter. Thus, the artist demonstrated how work goes, additionally he told in detail, which colors are present in the picture. For art, this is a phenomenal phenomenon, when all interesting facts about Van Gogh are described in its own letters. The revelation level of correspondence is so high that Vincent talked about all his diseases, including impotence.

Theodore trembled to correspondence with his brother, retaining 820 letters. What can not be said about Vincent, only 83 letters were found in his things, this is a very small amount, given that their dialogue lasted as many as 18 years. This is due to the frequent movements of the artist, impermanence and in general a windy way of life.

Woman who laid the beginning

Let's start from the end, since the mass spread of Vincent creativity began only after his death. Meet the wife of Theodore - Johanna. At 29, she remained widow, with a small child in her arms. She had an apartment in Paris from the material property 200 paintings and hundreds of Vincent drawings, dozen unsold cavities of other French artists.

Johanna Gezina Van Gog Bonger

After the sale of the apartment returned to Holland, stopped near Amsterdam, and opened his little business there. Soon married a Dutch artist, who fully supported her idea of \u200b\u200bpopularizing the creativity of Vincent Van Gogh. She set up ties with his deceased husband's friends, organized exhibitions and presentations. I gathered a letter from the correspondence of the brothers from all over the corner, and began to translate them into English. By the way, on the formation of Johanna was a teacher of foreign languages, so he was preparing for the publication independently. Unfortunately, in 1912 she became a widow for the second time. After that, I changed the last name back to Van Gogh, and transported the body of Theodore from Holland to Vincent's grave to France. At the grave, I planted a sprig of Ivy, which I took nearby, in the garden of Dr. Gasha. In the same year, organized a large presentation of Van Gogh creativity in Berlin. This city was not chosen at all by chance - there they already knew about the artist. A German writer and connoisseur of art tried on it - Julius Meyer Gref.

Creators of the romantic history of Vincent Van Gogh

Julius Meyer-Gref.

As soon as Western Europe began to talk about Van Gogh, art historian and writer Julius Meyer Greb Immediately became interested in a brilliant artist. After the transition of the brothers hit him in his hands, he understood that it was possible to unwind a big story. In 1920-1921, he released a series of several books dedicated to the life of the artist and his friends. These books told the whole world about impressionists and post-impressionists of France of the late nineteenth century. Julius immediately dubbed the sign of Van Gogh, and on this wave he began to buy, and then sell his paintings, writing out certificates of authenticity.

In the middle of the 20s, some appeared Otto VaperHe assured Julius in the fact that he had a unique collection of paintings by Van Gogh. Julius feeling the taste of big money, even believed in a fabulous story that these paintings managed to buy out the mysterious Russian aristocrat. It is worth noting that these canvas really repeated the style of the master, so they were difficult to distinguish from the original. But soon, people began to appear in doubts, and since it was about round sums, the police were also interested in this case. In the course of the inspections, the studio was found, in which they found a few more wet "Van Mogs". Oddly enough, it was involved Otto Vacker. Soon the court was held, where Otto received 19 months in prison and a huge fine. Since Julius Meyer-Gref without an evil thoughts implemented fakes, he was separated by a big penalty, but his name was completely discredited. At this moment, Johanna has already died, her son has not yet been 20 years old, and Julius lost respect, respectively, no one was actively engaged in the promotion of Van Gogh.

Irving Stone "Thirst Life"

When a scandal with fakes, the American writer of Jewish origin took the story of the insane artist Irving Stone (Tennenbaum), he wrote a novel "Thirst of Life". This book was rejected by 17 publications for various reasons, but it was still possible to release it in 1934. The writer itself has repeatedly stated that all the dialogues are invented, but mostly they correspond to reality. It is necessary to understand that he planned to release a bestseller, so he did not chase in historical accuracy. On this novel, 22 years later, a Hollywood film was removed, which was four times nominated for the Oscar Award, and once he got it. Interesting facts from life were deliberately replaced by fictional, to give stories more dramatic and cinematic character.

From now on, the story of Vincent Van Gogh historically interpreted incorrectly. After the film's release, most people refer to the book "Thirst of Life"According to the Oscar-1, not a genuine, but "boring" correspondence of two brothers.

1. I wanted to become a priest as his father and grandfather

"Still life with the Bible" 1885.

All children in their family from the very early age were given love for religion, since the father of the family was a priest. In his youth, Vincent wanted to go in the footsteps of the Father, but to get San, it was necessary to study in the seminary for a whole five years. In character, he was a impulsive man, and it seemed to him that it was too long and unproductive. I decided to sign up for an intensive course in the Gospel school. This course lasted three years, including a half-year missionary in the Shakhtar town. In the last month of life under terrible conditions, he realized that religion could not help in truly complex situations.

During his preaching, over which he worked for a long time, the mines did not listen to him at all. Unfortunately, he understood these people, and knew that his words would not make their slave working conditions less severe. Upon arrival back to Holland, he did not go to the Gospel school. He came to his father, and told about his thoughts about this, and that he no longer believes in that God, which he read so much. Naturally, they strongly quarreled on this basis, and never once again communicated. A few years later, after Vincent learned about the death of his father, he wrote still life with the Bible and sent him the Teo.

2. Began to draw at late age

Vincent Van Gogh "Burning Grass" 1883.

At what angle do not see, but Van Gogh began to start painting very lately, but very intense, and under the supervision of knowledgeable people. In this, he helped the best textbooks from all over Europe, the artist Anton Mauwe from Hague, who was his relative. In addition, the experience that he acquired during many years of trafficking in different cities of Europe was useful. He came into two different academies of art, but took place for several months, and he without regret thus learned. He wrote a brother that academic painting no longer attracts him, and the knowledge of old masters would not help in the realization of his plans as an artist. At that time, he was a big fan of Jean-Francois Mill, and copied a huge plenty of his canvases.

3. Sold a lot more than one picture

"Red Vineyards in Arle"

There was such an opinion that allegedly they sold and brother sold only one picture "Red Vineyards in Arles." This is not the case, in the life of Van gogham managed to sell fourteenat the same time, two still life with sunflowers bought the Vincent Comrade - Paul Gajn. If you return to "red vineyards", then this is really the only picture that was sold for big money. The well-known artist and patron of Anna Bosch became this generous buyer, the purchase took place at a major exhibition of impressionists. Anna Bosch knew about the serious state of the artist at that time. He was in the hospital, and she wanted to support him in this way. After the death of Vincent, she acquired another picture of his picture, but after a few years, Stridoroga sold both canvases.

4. A business plan for the sale of paintings was developed.

Two brothers in his youth, Vincent on the left.

It is not surprised, because Vincent worked for a long time in the galleries, and sold the paintings to wealthy people. Accordingly, he knew the sought-after genres and styles that are best for sale. And Theodore owned her own art gallery at all in the center of Paris, and also understood how to earn worthy money on painting. After the arrival of Vincent to Paris, he met a new genre for himself - impressionism. Much communicated with the artists who worked in this genre, but soon because of a quick-tempered nature quarreled almost with everyone. The brothers decided to work in the field of interior painting, which was focused on the middle class. At that time, all sunflowers were written, and a large amount of vases with flowers. But the work in this direction was stopped by the very attack, which led to the fact that Vincent cut off his ear of the ear and put it in a psychiatric hospital.

5. Sliced \u200b\u200bEar Van Gogh

"Self-portrait with a sliced \u200b\u200bear and tube" 1888.

This is probably the most popular error, so I want to say the following: Vincent Van Gogh did not cut off his ear, but only cut off part of the lobe. After this action, he headed into the brothel in which they often rested with Gauguen. The door he opened a young lady that worked there, Vincent told her: "Take care of this treasure." After that, he turned around and went home, rose to the second floor and lean to sleep. What is interesting, if he cut off a whole ear, he would simply die from blood loss, because he was discovered only after ten o'clock. This case is described in more detail in the material that I published earlier: why Van Gogh cut off his ear? Everything is described in detail with the preservation of chronology and causal relationships.

6. All his life it contained brother

Theodore Van Gogh.

As soon as Vincent decided to become an artist, he immediately began to support the dear brother Theo. Every month he sent money, they most often went to three things: materials, food, and eat housing. When unexpected waste appeared, Vincent asked to send more, describing in detail the cause. When the artist lived in such places, where it was difficult to get paints and canvases, then he made a whole list, and the theo in response sent him huge parcels. Winsent was not ashamed to ask for money, because in return he sent ready-made paintings he called the goods. Vincent paintings Brother kept at home, he led potential customers, connoisseurs of painting and collectors to try at least something to sell.

But to significantly earn in such pictures at that time it was impossible, so it actually contained Vincent. Every month he sent 200 francsTo roughly understand what is for money, I will say that a month for housing Vincent paid 15-20 francs, and the good book on anatomy cost 3 franc. Here is a good example: the postman who became famous as a friend of Vincent, received a salary in 100 francs, and he contained a family of four for this money.

7. Recognition came after death

"Starry Night" in the museum

Vincent knew all the serious artists of France since 1886, and in the measure of the possibilities followed his work. It was impossible not to know about the artist, whose brother owns a large interior of paintings in the center of Paris. The Ooo's apartment was a personal exhibition of Vincent paintings for a total of 5 years, there were all local artists of those years, including the MONE CLOD himself. By the way, at the exhibition of 1888, Moneta highly appreciated the "star night", calling her better picture of the show.

Interesting facts do not end on this: his relative, famous artist-landscapeist Anton Mauwe engaged in the popularization of the Van Gogh family in Holland in Holland. Anton, in turn, was familiar with one of the best landscape players of Holland Iohanh Hendrick Weissenbruh. They even had a meeting on which they discussed the talent of Vincent. According to the result, they agreed that the guy really has the potential and it can achieve great high. When Vincent learned about this news, he finally understood that he would become an artist, and from that moment began to write on one picture or figure a day.

8. Horrible state of health

"Still life with absinthe" 1887.

It is difficult to imagine that people in those days did not even know about the catastrophic harmfulness of absinthe. France in those days was the capital of Absinthe, he cost cheaply and was very popular in the environment of creative people. Vincent looked incredibly this drink, and dedicated to him a neat still life of a portrait view. Another situation aggravated smoking, the last 10 years of life, he did not part with the tube. In letters to his brother, he told that he thus quenches his hunger, who pursued him constantly. Such a lifestyle gave its generous "results."

Vincent Van Gogh disease:

Bipolar affective disorder;
Affective insanity;
Border Disorder of Personality;
Sunstroke;
Menieret's disease;
Lead poisoning;
Acute interspersed porphyria;
Syphilis;
Gonorrhea;
Impotence;
Lost more than 15 teeth.

He told his brother about half of the sore, the rest of the hospitals from medical records. Venefactive disease, he received from a civil wife, who was a prostitute. After they swore, Vincent lay two weeks in the hospital, but did not blame her former love. The teeth quickly spoiled from absinthe and smoking, which is why there are no self-portrait Van Gogh, where his teeth would be visible. The lead poisoning occurred from white colors, by the way, in our days, lead whites are recognized as highly toxic, prohibited, and no longer manufactured.

9. Worked only with the best materials of those times.

Fragment of the picture

The brothers were very well versed in art goods, since they were tight in the painting environment. Due to the fact that Vincent used only high-quality paints, its paintings are so well preserved to the present day. IN online Museum From Google, you can see in detail any picture, each smear is visible on it, appreciate its purity and brightness. With these pictures more than a hundred years, and they look like new, crackled only a few. What is noteworthy, he himself never created oil paint from pigments, and bought only ready in the tubes. Unlike his friend, the Gajen field, which was a commitment to the old approach to the manufacture of art materials.

10. Death Vincent Van Gogh

The last painting of the master. Fields with dark clouds.

It is mistaken to assume that its last work is a "wheat field with crowns". In 1890, the whole family of Theodore fell sick, which is the most important thing - including the kid. In this regard, he had less time on Vincent, and the brothers began gradually moving away from each other. Theo more frequently sent him money, and described in detail how difficult they are given. Vincent often thought about suicide in the last year of life, and was deeply disappointed how bad they were going on. In one day, he decided that the game was not worth a candle, and as if he became too much burden.