Permissible temperature conditions at the workplace. Workplace temperature norm

A person spends a lot of time at home and at work. Comfort is a very important factor in productivity and overall quality of life. According to sanitary standards, the room temperature should not cause discomfort. The microclimate in the industrial or residential premises must be maintained within appropriate limits.

Do not forget to measure the temperature in the rooms

Living room temperature

Utility bills continue to grow steadily, especially at a difficult time for the country. But despite the increase in tariffs, the quality does not increase, and often decreases.

Of course, tenant preferences vary. However, it is worth remembering to what extent the room temperature is in accordance with sanitary standards.

According to medical recommendations, the optimal living conditions for people are 22 degrees Celsius with a humidity of 30%. A higher temperature regime in a room can increase the body's susceptibility to infections, which leads to respiratory tract diseases.

In this video, you will find out what a comfortable temperature for a child:

Temperature norms for housing:

• flights of stairs - 14-20 ° C;
• interroom corridors - 16-22 ° C;
• hallways, kitchens, living rooms - 18-25 ° C;
• bedrooms - 18-20 ° C;
• bathroom - 24-26 ° C.

In order to successfully comply with the norms and maintain the optimal temperature, it will be useful to take care of minimizing losses. Thermal insulation of housing and installation of thermostats on heating devices will help to effectively save heat in the house.

Factors influencing climate regulation

To properly regulate the weather in the house, you need to figure out what it consists of. The indoor climate is influenced by the constant change of many external factors.

Indoor climate is influenced by outdoor weather

Reasons for hesitation:

• building features of the premises;
• completion of the heating season;
• season;
• nuances of the local climate;
• geographical latitude of residence;
• humidity;
• Atmosphere pressure.

The greatest discomfort for residents arises from the shutdown of heating in the apartment. It is at this point that careful temperature control is required. A sharp hypothermia of the body, as well as overheating, negatively affects health.

Men tend to be more comfortable at colder temperatures than women. For children, fine adjustment of the home climate is especially important. In general, it is recommended to stick to 22 ° C. This indicator will suit everyone.

In a room with centralized heating, the thermometer should not fall below the 20 ° C mark. If this happens regularly, this indicates poor performance of the utilities or a low level of thermal insulation.

In this case, you need:

• file a complaint with the utility company;
• request a recalculation of payments;
• purchase alternative heating devices;
• improve thermal insulation.

The legislation provides for recalculation for poorly provided utilities. It consists in reducing the payment by 0.15% per hour. However, in order to achieve it, you have to go to court.

Standards for office space

Office workers are an important part of any company. Creating the most comfortable conditions not only affects the health and productivity of staff, but also the work of the company as a whole.

The main feature of intellectual work is little physical activity. For this category, the following norms are provided:

• in summer - 23-25 ​​° C;
• in winter - 22-24 ° C.

The humidity level in the office space should be 40-60%. If the microclimate does not meet these parameters, employees have the right to demand from the management to reduce working hours.

If the temperature rises above 29 degrees, the working day is reduced to 3-6 hours. If the column rises to 32, being in the office should not exceed one hour. In winter, the shift duration is reduced by an hour, with a reading of 19 ° C, and at thirteen it cannot last more than 1 hour.

The employer should be responsible for maintaining a normal microclimate in the office: the employer is responsible for non-compliance with sanitary standards. Continuous violations can lead to temporary office closures for up to 3 months. And also fines of up to 5 thousand rubles are possible - for private entrepreneurs and up to 50 thousand for legal entities.

In addition to temperature indicators, the following factors are taken into account:

• relative humidity;
• high-quality ventilation;
• air speed;
• the presence of electromagnetic fields;
• presence of dust.

The illumination in the office is also important. Weak light can cause constant eye strain and can lead to depression, while too bright light will be annoying to people. In insufficiently bright rooms, the issue can be solved with the help of table lamps.

The noise level should not exceed 50 decibels. Constant extraneous sounds, especially loud ones, interfere with concentration and cause headaches. As a result, productivity falls and health problems arise.

Temperatures should be carefully monitored both at home and in the workplace to avoid additional health problems.

Greetings, dear friends! I don’t know about you, but here in Novosibirsk the relatively cold period is for November. It seems sunny, dry, but because of the humidity and northeastern breeze, it is quite cold.

I think that work at low temperatures can be tried to be reduced. You will learn how to do this in this post.

The main thing here is to understand at what temperatures it becomes possible to shorten the working day.

Taking into account the requirements of the Labor Code, the hygienic standards contained in the sanitary rules and regulations ("R 2.2.2006-05. Guidelines for the hygienic assessment of the factors of the working environment and the work process. Criteria and classification of working conditions" and "SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 . 2.2.4. Physical factors of the working environment. Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary rules and regulations ", establishing, among other things, optimal and permissible temperature indicators for workplaces), the head of the company may decide to shorten the working day or to stop working at extremely low or high temperatures.

But this may be required by the employees themselves. According to article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employee has the right to a workplace that meets state regulatory requirements for labor protection and the conditions provided for by a collective agreement. According to the law "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population", working conditions, workplace and work process should not have a harmful effect on a person. And what if not cold in the workplace can lead to hypothermia and human illness?

Thus, the employer is obliged to control the microclimate at the enterprise, including the temperature in the workplace. Temperature measurement at workplaces is carried out using a thermometer or psychrometer at least 3 times per working day (shift).

After measurements, it is necessary to draw up a protocol in which to substantiate and assess the performed measurements for compliance with the regulatory requirements of the Sanitary Rules. Only after taking all the necessary measurements, the employer can decide to shorten the working day of employees on the basis of the Sanitary Rules and to preserve full wages for the employees, taking into account that the ambient temperature does not correspond to the permissible values.

If the work is related to the implementation of labor activities in the open air, then Article 109 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides for special breaks for heating at low temperatures. These breaks are included in the general working hours.

And in judicial practice there were precedents when employees defended their right to a warm workplace.

In the ruling of the St. Petersburg City Court dated 25.10.2010 No. 14529, the state enterprise was issued an order to eliminate violations, including non-compliance with the temperature regime in the premises of the enterprise and at workplaces.

And in the Resolution of the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Volgo-Vyatka District of 11.12.2008 No. A82-653 / 2008-9, the court indicated that the employer did not provide safe working conditions for its employee, which led to an industrial accident during the insulation of windows by the employee due to unsatisfactory maintenance of the building , expressed in non-insulating window sashes for work in the autumn-winter period, as a result of which the air temperature at the workplace was below normal.

For reference:

At what temperatures in the office is a shorter working day possible?

Working conditions are regulated by sanitary rules and norms SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 "Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises."

According to the document, those who work indoors are conditionally divided into five categories:

• sedentary work. This includes managers, office workers, garment and watchmaking workers. For them, the most comfortable room temperature is + 22 ° C - + 24 ° C.
• if you spend the whole day on your feet. For example, these are controllers, sales consultants. They must operate at + 21 ° C - + 23 ° C.
• work involves some physical stress. For example, guides, employees of cleaning shops at machine-building enterprises. The optimum temperature for them is + 19 ° С - + 21 ° С.
• work related to walking and carrying weights up to ten kilograms. These are mainly factory workers - locksmiths, welders. For them, the room temperature should be + 17 ° C - + 19 ° C.
• involves hard physical labor, for example, in foundries and blacksmiths. The same category includes loaders who carry furniture and equipment heavier than ten kilograms. For them, the temperature is slightly lower - + 16 ° С - + 18 ° С.

When the temperature at the workplace drops by 1 degree below the norm, the working time is reduced by 1 hour.

Thus, at a temperature of + 19 ° C, the working day of an office worker will be 7 hours, + 18 ° C - 6 hours, and so on. At a temperature of + 12 ° C and below, work stops and, in accordance with article 157 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, working hours in this case are paid by the employer in the amount of at least two-thirds of the tariff rate.

However, I would like to note that SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96 does not have the status of normative legal acts, and therefore, the requirements established by these acts cannot be considered as mandatory, and are only advisory in nature.

If the workplace is located in unheated rooms or work is performed outdoors, you can be guided by “MR 2.2.7.2129-06. Regimes of work and rest of workers in cold weather in an open area or in unheated rooms ", as well as regulatory documents of the regional and / or municipal level.

1. Article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation - an employee has the right to a workplace that meets the state regulatory requirements for labor protection and the conditions provided for by the collective agreement.

2. At the same time, Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation obliges the employer, among other things, to ensure that working conditions at each workplace meet the labor protection requirements; organization of control over the state of working conditions at workplaces, as well as over the correct use of individual and collective protective equipment by employees.

3. On the basis of article 219 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, each employee has the right, including to a workplace that meets the requirements of labor protection.

4. At the federal level, the requirements for working conditions are regulated by the Federal Law of March 30, 1999 No. 52-FZ "On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population" (hereinafter - Law No. 52-FZ).

4.1. In particular, paragraph 1 of Art. 25 says that working conditions, the workplace and the work process should not have a harmful effect on a person. Requirements for ensuring safe working conditions for humans are established by sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.

4.2. According to paragraph 2 of Art. 25 of Law No. 52-FZ, individual entrepreneurs and legal entities are obliged to carry out sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures to ensure safe working conditions for humans and fulfill the requirements of sanitary rules and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation for production processes and technological equipment, organization of workplaces, collective and individual protective equipment for employees, work regime, rest and consumer services for employees in order to prevent injuries, occupational diseases, infectious diseases and diseases (poisoning) associated with working conditions.

5. In accordance with clause 4.2 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96. "2.2.4. Physical factors of the working environment. Hygienic requirements for the microclimate of industrial premises. Sanitary rules and norms ”microclimate indicators should ensure the preservation of the thermal balance of a person with the environment and maintenance of the optimal or permissible thermal state of the body.

5.1. On the basis of clause 4.3 of SanPiN 2.2.4.548-96, indicators characterizing the microclimate in industrial premises are, including air temperature, air speed.

6. "MR 2.2.7.2129-06. Regimes of work and rest of workers in cold weather in an open area or in unheated rooms ", as well as on regulatory documents of the regional and / or municipal level.

That's all for me. Until new notes!

25.06.2018, 18:36

The employer must provide employees with normal working conditions. One of them is the acceptable working temperature. SanPiN 2018 establishes regulatory requirements for the organization of the work process at enterprises.

The fact is that the temperature in the office or production area, as well as other factors of the working environment and the work process, directly affects the performance of personnel and the well-being of each individual employee (part 2 of article 22, part 2 of article 209 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation) ...

We monitor working conditions

A special state controlling body - the State Committee for Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision of Russia has developed a document containing permissible microclimate conditions in organizations (SaPiN 2.24.548-96.2.2.4, approved by decree of 01.10.1996 No. 21).

In addition to indicators such as relative humidity and air speed, as well as the intensity of thermal radiation, it contains restrictions on the temperature of the air and surfaces. Thus, SanPiN control over the temperature in the room at the workplace is established at the legislative level.

Adherence to these rules is the direct responsibility of every employer. Moreover, for violation of these norms, the organization and its officials, as well as individual entrepreneurs who are employers, face administrative responsibility (Article 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation).

Employer's actions

The administration of the organization should take care of the creation of suitable working conditions in advance. For these purposes, legislators recommend installing air conditioning systems and coolers in companies (clauses 15, 18 of the Standard list of measures to improve labor conditions and safety, approved by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 01.03.2012 No. 181n).

In case of non-observance of the temperature regime, the efficiency of the personnel decreases. In addition, work at elevated air temperatures can lead to an exacerbation of chronic diseases. This automatically increases the risk of an occupational accident.

If, nevertheless, despite the measures taken, the temperature at the workplace (SanPiN 2.24.548-96.2.2.4) exceeds the permissible values, the working day should be reduced. Also, to protect personnel from overheating, the employer must:

• establish additional work breaks;
• equip rest rooms;
• provide short-term vacations outside the approved schedule at the request of employees.

For different categories of work, the maximum possible temperatures differ. For example, the following maximum working hours are set for office workers depending on the temperature:

These are the rules established for all employers (information from Rostrud dated 06.21.2018).

Violation of these regulations may result in liability. So, an organization can be:

• a warning has been issued;
• a fine from 10,000 to 20,000 rubles was imposed;
• an order was issued to suspend activities for up to 90 days.

If the violation of SanPiN entailed the infliction of grievous harm to the health or death of an employee, then the employee responsible for compliance with labor protection rules may be brought to criminal liability (Article 143 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

Optimum microclimate in the workplace not only contributes to good productivity, but also the health of workers. That is why the creation of favorable climatic conditions in the workplace is definitely beneficial for every manager. However, only a few of them strive to comply with sanitary and hygienic standards in the field of temperature conditions. The explanation is very simple: maintaining an optimal microclimate requires expensive climatic equipment. And the very concept of "microclimate" is very subjective, because it is known that all people perceive the same temperature differently. Meanwhile, Russian legislation contains clear requirements for the microclimate in industrial premises and determines the types of temperature regimes depending on the assigned category.

Premises of the first category

These premises are divided into two subcategories: "a" and "b". Their main difference is the type of actions performed by employees.

Employees of the enterprise of category "a" are engaged in sedentary work, implying little physical activity. The intensity of energy consumption in organizations of this category should not exceed 139 W. Examples of such industries are sewing shops, watch factories, instrument-making and automotive industries, etc. The optimum temperature in this case is in the range of 21-28 degrees.

Requirements for the premises of subcategory "b" are slightly different. Here, the provision of an optimal microclimate should be carried out in such a way that the temperature is maintained at least 20 degrees. The intensity of energy consumption in such premises should be no more than 174 W.

Premises of the second category

The next category of premises is characterized not only by increased energy consumption (over 232 W), but also by the nature of work duties. Subcategory "a" refers to the movement and movement of small loads by workers in a sitting or standing position. For this subcategory, the optimal temperature regime is 18-27 degrees.

Labor of workers of subcategory "b" is associated with the lifting of medium-weight loads (1-10 kg), and the lower temperature limit for them is at around 16 degrees. The production of the second category includes forging and rolling shops, assembly shops and conveyor lines of various enterprises.

Premises of the third category

In the case when the intensity of energy consumption at the enterprise is higher than 290 W, it is advisable to talk about the premises of the third category. The clearest temperature regimes have been established for them. Employees of such industries are engaged in hard physical labor and move loads weighing more than 10 kg. The optimum temperature in this case is in the range of 15-26 degrees, i.e. this is the lowest temperature setting. The premises of the third category include workshops for metal processing, assembly of building structures, etc.

The dependence of the temperature regime on the season

Temperature standards at various types of enterprises may vary slightly depending on the season. The permissible temperature fluctuation limit is 3-4 degrees. To calculate the temperature norm, the daily average is used, since it is different for different seasons. Of course, the optimal temperature regimes at the enterprise cannot be determined solely by the norms, many other factors must be taken into account (for example, the recommended temperature regime for operating the equipment), as well as the individual characteristics of the employee's body.

Accounting for temperature indicators

Temperature control cannot be carried out competently without the use of special measuring instruments. Of course, we are not talking about household thermometers. At a minimum, these should be thermometers designed for use in office and industrial environments. The measurement procedure itself is also different. For example, when controlling the temperature regimes in the summer, measurements must be carried out on days when the deviation of the indicators of the devices from the corresponding indicators of the hottest month does not exceed 5 degrees.

The frequency of such measurements depends on many factors. Among them, one can note the stability of work operations, stages of production processes, the operation of communication systems, etc. On average, this procedure must be carried out 3 times per work shift.

Temperature control methods

This function is performed by communication systems, namely: ventilation, heating, ventilation and thermal insulation systems. Another way to control temperature is with air-cooling devices (such as air conditioners). Special air spraying systems also provide regulation of the air discharge rate and the organization of the optimal temperature regime.

If the design of the premises does not allow the installation of such equipment, it is necessary to equip a special room for employees to rest.

Consequences of non-compliance with the temperature regime

Unfortunately, complaints from employees of enterprises about inappropriate temperature regimes in organizations are not uncommon. If, in response to the written notification of employees about the uncomfortable microclimate, the management did not react, they have the legal right to go to court with a claim for material compensation for the moral and physical harm caused to them.

In this case, the head faces an administrative penalty in the form of a fine of several tens of thousands of rubles. Also, by a court decision, the enterprise can be temporarily closed for a period of up to three months.

Shorter working hours due to temperature

The decision to shorten the working day is made by the head of the enterprise. The reason for this may be extremely low or high temperature conditions. However, the workers themselves may also demand this, since, according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the workplace must necessarily comply with state standards, and the work process must not have a harmful effect on the body. According to the rules, if a three-time temperature measurement during one work shift showed a significant deviation from the norm, the manager may decide to shorten the working day.

If workers work outdoors, it is necessary to organize special breaks for heating, which are taken into account in working hours.

Thus, the task of each manager is to provide his employees with comfortable working conditions, since their activity itself provides for a certain load on the body. It is a mistake to believe that the work of office workers does not require temperature control. As you know, physical activity helps to keep the body in good shape, as a result of which the effect of the temperature regime is not felt as strongly as during sedentary work. In addition, monotonous work and great responsibility imply a great psychological load on the body, which contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Therefore, maintaining an optimal microclimate in production contributes not only to an increase in labor efficiency, but also to the prevention of harmful effects on the health of employees.

Few people know that the temperature regime in the workplace has a significant impact on the health and performance of employees. Temperature limits are set for each season, which each employer must adhere to. Their violation means non-observance of workers' rights. If you are faced with a similar problem, we recommend that you draw your attention to the content of this article.

What is the temperature in the room at work according to the Labor Code?

Every employee in the exercise of his professional activity should know that labor legislation guarantees the protection of his rights. In the relevant legal acts, aspects are noted that ensure the safety of life and health of workers. The temperature in the workplace directly affects the condition of the personnel. In view of this, the Labor Code provides for the following rules that must be observed at work in the premises:

• According to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the head is obliged to provide the working apparatus with proper working conditions. In case of violation of legal norms, punishment is provided;
• Carrying out sanitary, hygienic and other measures in the premises of the organization is provided for by law;
• Each office of the institution should be equipped with mechanisms for heating, ventilation and cooling;
• The law determines the temperature that must be in the room at different times of the year. If the temperature regime differs from that established by law, employees have the right to claim a reduction in labor time. A deviation from the norm by two degrees reduces the duration of work.

Temperature range for office work

Office workers, like other workers, are subject to the principles specified in labor legislation. This category of employees works in closed rooms, therefore, temperature standards are important for them.
According to the law, the temperature value for office work must be:

• In summer - 23-25 ​​degrees. In this case, a deviation from the norm by 2 degrees is allowed. After the temperature in the room is set to 28 degrees, workers may require a reduction in labor time.
• In winter, 22-24 degrees. The thermometer is allowed to fluctuate by 3-4 degrees.

In the event of temperature violations at the place of service, the manager is obliged to take appropriate measures. Such methods include:

• If it is necessary to cool or heat the room, special equipment should be provided;
• If possible, the employer should provide employees with additional breaks during work;
• Hot or cold water should be provided to staff depending on the season.

What should be the room temperature at work in winter?

It is difficult to work at low temperatures. In addition, a low temperature limit negatively affects the health and productivity of employees. Therefore, the Labor Code outlined the temperature regime necessary for normal activity. When working indoors in winter, the thermometer should be at around 22-24 degrees. If the heating mode of the room was violated, and the employer did not take appropriate measures, then he can be punished.

• He can be brought to administrative responsibility, which entails the payment of a fine;
• Or he will have to pay compensation for moral damage to the injured workers.

Temperature range when working outdoors in winter

Particularly harsh weather conditions in winter make it difficult to work and negatively affect the health of workers. It should be noted that the Labor Code provides for some rules that must be followed by all managers. The relevant rules are as follows:

• When working on the street in winter, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation notes the need to provide workers with special breaks for rest and heating. For this, the tenant must equip the premises that will serve for this purpose;
• The number of rest intervals is determined based on a number of factors. We are talking about the temperature outside, the specifics of work, climate. Depending on these conditions, pauses should be repeated every hour or an hour and a half;
• All data and rules for working at various temperature conditions must be indicated in the internal labor regulations. They must comply with the rules of the law;
• The worker must have all the necessary equipment to carry out his duties on the street in winter;
• In addition, the organization should provide staff with medications to restore their ability to work;
• If, due to the low temperature, workers cannot continue their professional activities, then non-working hours will be paid at a double rate.

Temperature range for outdoor operation

• At any time of the year, workers must have all the conditions that facilitate the performance of labor.
• Only adults may be allowed to work at low temperatures in the open air. They should be informed about the safety precautions, and a medical examination is also important.
• Outdoor work is terminated at the legal temperature. There is a different temperature regime for each region of Russia. In winter, the limits are -25-30 degrees. In the summer, 35 degrees.
• In specially equipped rooms, the number of degrees should not be lower than 21. Special heating means must be present.
• Mandatory breaks in service are included in business hours and hours and must be paid for.

Temperature at work and shorter working hours

The law establishes the ability of employees to count on a reduction in the duration of work if the temperature regime at the place of work does not meet the standards. There are some rules for reducing working hours:

• If the employer does not take action to change the situation, then the staff goes on vacation. In this case, the payment for this period is doubled;
• Any deviation from the norm reduces the length of the day of service by an hour. One degree of temperature equals one hour of labor.

An important condition in the implementation of labor activity is the observance of all the rules for protecting the health of workers. The temperature regime in a room or in an open area is important in the service. Legislation provides all workers with the opportunity to protect their rights under the law. Therefore, if the employer violates your rights, it is recommended to refer to the legal acts.