The composition “Can a good person be“ superfluous ”? (2). Composition: Oblomov and "extra people Extracts, their systematization

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Oblomov, the protagonist of the novel by the Russian writer IAGoncharov, can be called an "extra" person for several reasons.

One of them is pretty obvious. The novel was published shortly before the great peasant reform. Against the background of all the characters, and especially in contrast to the active, very active and purposeful Stolz, lazy Oblomov appears before the reader as an obvious lazy person, superfluous, completely stupid person.

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Due to his especially gentle noble upbringing, Oblomov is not capable of any real action. While everyone is working, achieving some goals, Oblomov is in a state of stagnation. He is petrified, lies on the sofa and does nothing. That is why he died so soon. An unnecessary person ended his life, could not accomplish any great deeds, did nothing useful.

On the other hand, Oblomov is not a lazy person. He is possessed by a certain inaction, non-action. Lying on the couch is his usual, usual, completely normal state. Failure to do is, in fact, neither bad nor good. This is, first of all, the absence of evil. Oblomov is a person who is trying to reduce the extent of his presence in the world, a person who is deprived of an incentive to act, like any resident of Oblomovka, by the way. Everything that happens around him, he perceives very anxiously. Oblomov is tormented by thoughts about the purpose of man in the world, about the meaning of existence without motivation for action. Oblomov is an extra person. He is destined to live in this world, where all events have taken place once and for all, where all tasks have already been solved, where you “live”, in the most poetic sense of the word.

Thus, Oblomov, I think, can still be called a "superfluous" person. He is not like everyone else, he understands life differently and does not want to bend over to the world in which all others exist. That is why Oblomov dies early, unable, alone, misunderstood, to overcome a world full of vulgarity and lies.

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"Oblomov" met with unanimous recognition, but opinions about the meaning of the novel were sharply divided. N. A. Dobrolyubov in his article "What is Oblomovism?" saw in "Oblomov" the crisis and disintegration of the old feudal Russia. Ilya Ilyich ...

Eternal images are characters in literary works that have gone beyond the scope of the work. They are found in other works: novels, plays, stories. Their names have become common nouns, are often used as epithets, indicate some qualities ...

Morning ... Oblomovka woke up slowly and reluctantly. Here "everything breathed with primitive laziness, simplicity of morals." "Taking care of food was the first and foremost concern in life." Tomorrow everything should be like today. Everything should be as the ancestors bequeathed. Life flowed ...

Goncharov's novel Oblomov must be re-read whenever a person begins to take possession of excessive laziness and daydreaming. Very often people are overly indulgent towards themselves, therefore they do not pay attention to small and large weaknesses, which ...

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The ideological and thematic content of the novel is largely determined by how the concept of "Oblomovism" is interpreted and in what relation to it the image of the central character is understood. ON THE. Dobrolyubov in the article "What is Oblomovism?" gave a definition of this concept ...

Before you start your discussion on the topic: do Russia need the Oblomovs? I want to tell you about I.S., Goncharov and his great work. I.S. Goncharov is a writer of the second half of the 19th century. The author wrote his novel in 1859 and published it in the journal Otechestvennye ...

Oblomov, the protagonist of the novel by the Russian writer I. A. Goncharov, can be called an “extra” person for several reasons.

One of them is pretty obvious. The novel was published shortly before the great peasant reform. Against the background of all the characters, and especially in contrast to the active, very active and purposeful Stolz, the lazy Oblomov appears before the reader as an obvious lazy person, superfluous, completely stupid person.

who is trying to reduce the extent of his presence in the world, a person who is deprived of an incentive to act, like any resident of Oblomovka, by the way. Everything that happens around him, he perceives very anxiously. Oblomov is tormented by thoughts about the purpose of man in the world, about the meaning of existence without motivation for action. Oblomov is an extra person. He is destined to live in this world, where all events have taken place once and for all, where all tasks have already been solved, where you “live”, in the most poetic sense of the word.

Thus, Oblomov, I think, can still be called a “superfluous” person. He is not like everyone else, he understands life differently and does not want to bend over to the world in which all others exist. That is why Oblomov dies early, unable, alone, misunderstood, to overcome a world full of vulgarity and lies.

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The main character of the novel by I.A.Goncharov is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, gentle, kind-hearted person who can feel a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to step over himself - get off the couch, engage in any activity and even settle his own affairs. But if at the beginning of the novel Oblomov appears before us as a lazy person, then with each new page we penetrate more and more into the hero's soul - bright and pure.
In the first chapter, we meet insignificant people - friends of Ilya Ilyich, who surround him in Petersburg, busy with fruitless vanity, which creates the appearance of action. In contact with these people, the essence of Oblomov is more and more revealed. We see that Ilya Ilyich has such an important quality that few possess, like conscience. With every line the reader gets to know Oblomov's wonderful soul, and this is precisely why Ilya Ilyich stands out from the crowd of worthless, calculating, heartless people who are concerned only with his persona: “The soul shone so openly and easily in his eyes, in a smile, in every movement of his head and his hands” ...
Having excellent inner qualities, Oblomov is also educated and smart. He knows what constitutes the true values of life - not money, not wealth, but high spiritual qualities, a flight of feelings.
So why is such an intelligent and educated person unwilling to work? The answer is simple: Ilya Ilyich, like Onegin, Pechorin, Rudin, does not see the meaning and purpose of such work, such a life. He doesn't want to work like that. “This unresolved question, this unsatisfied doubt depletes forces, ruins activity; a person gives up, and he gives up work, not seeing his goal, ”- wrote Pisarev.
Goncharov does not introduce a single superfluous person into the novel - all the heroes with each step more and more reveal Oblomov to us. The author introduces us to Stolz - at first glance, an ideal hero. He is hardworking, calculating, practical, punctual, he himself managed to pave his way in life, amassed capital, earned respect and recognition in society. Why does he need all this? What good did his work bring? What is their purpose?
Stolz's task is to get settled in life, that is, to find sufficient livelihood, marital status, rank, and, having achieved all this, he stops, the hero does not continue his development, he is content with what he already has. How can such a person be called ideal? Oblomov, however, cannot live for the sake of material well-being, he must constantly develop, improve his inner world, and in this it is impossible to reach the limit, because the soul in its development knows no boundaries. This is where Oblomov is superior to Stolz.
But the main plot line in the novel is the relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya. It is here that the hero is revealed to us from the best side, his most cherished corners of the soul are revealed. Olga awakens the best qualities in the soul of Ilya Ilyich, but they do not live in Oblomov for long: Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Ilyich Oblomov were too different. She is characterized by harmony of mind and heart, will, which the hero is not able to understand and accept. Olga is full of vital energy, she strives for high - art and awakens the same feelings in Ilya Ilyich, but he is so far from her lifestyle that soon he again changes romantic walks for a soft sofa and a warm robe. It would seem that Oblomov is lacking, why not marry Olga, who accepted his offer. But no. He does not act like everyone else. Oblomov decides to break off relations with Olga for her own good; he acts like many familiar characters: Pechorin, Onegin, Rudin. They all leave their beloved women, not wanting to hurt them. “In relation to women, all Oblomovites behave in the same shameful manner. They do not know how to love at all and do not know what to look for in love, just like in life in general. “, - writes Dobrolyubov in his article“ What is Oblomovism? ”.
Ilya Ilyich decides to stay with Agafya Matveyevna, for whom he also has feelings, but completely different from those for Olga. For him, Agafya Matveyevna was closer, "in her eternally moving elbows, in her eyes that carefully stop in front of everyone, in her eternal walk from the kitchen to the pantry." Ilya Ilyich lives in a cozy, comfortable house, where everyday life has always been in the first place, and the woman he loves would be a continuation of the hero himself. It would seem that the hero lives and lives happily ever after. No, such a life in Pshenitsyna's house was not normal, long-lasting, healthy, on the contrary, it accelerated Oblomov's transition from sleeping on the couch to eternal sleep - death.
Reading the novel, you involuntarily ask yourself: why is everyone so attracted to Oblomov? It is obvious that each of the heroes finds in him a particle of goodness, purity, revelation - all that is so lacking in people. Everyone, starting with Volkov and ending with Agafya Matveyevna, sought and, most importantly, found what was needed for themselves, for their hearts, souls. But Oblomov was nowhere his own, there was no such person who would truly make the hero happy. And the problem is not in the people around him, but in himself.
Goncharov in his novel showed different types of people, they all passed in front of Oblomov. The author showed us that Ilya Ilyich has no place in this life, just like Onegin and Pechorin.

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1. What things have become a symbol of "Oblomovism"?

The robe, slippers and a sofa became the symbols of Oblomovism.

2. What turned Oblomov into an apathetic couch potato?

Laziness, fear of movement and life, inability to practice, substitution of vague dreaminess for life turned Oblomov from a man into an appendage of a dressing gown and a divan.

3. What is the function of Oblomov's sleep in I.A. Goncharov Oblomov?

The chapter "Oblomov's Dream" depicts the idyll of a patriarchal baptismal village, in which only such Oblomov could grow. Oblomovtsy are shown as sleeping heroes, and Oblomovka as a sleepy kingdom. The dream shows the conditions of Russian life that gave rise to "Oblomovism".

4. Can Oblomov be called "an extra person"?

ON THE. Dobrolyubov noted in the article "What is Oblomovism?" But the "extra people" of the previous literature were surrounded by a kind of romantic halo, seemed to be strong people, distorted by reality. Oblomov is also "superfluous", but "brought from a beautiful pedestal to a soft sofa." A.I. Herzen said that the Onegins and Pechorins treat Oblomov as fathers treat children.

5. What is the peculiarity of the composition of the novel by I.A. Gon-Charova "Oblomov"?

The composition of the novel by I.A. Goncharov's "Oblomov" is characterized by the presence of a double storyline - Oblomov's novel and Stolz's novel. Unity is achieved through the image of Olga Ilyinskaya, who connects both lines. The novel is built on the contrast of images: Oblomov - Stolz, Olga - Pshenitsyna, Zakhar - Anisya. The entire first part of the novel is an extensive exposition, introducing the hero into adulthood.

6. What role does I.A. Goncharov's "Oblomov" epilogue?

The epilogue tells about the death of Oblomov, which made it possible to trace the entire life of the hero from birth to the end.

7. Why is a morally pure, honest Oblomov dying morally?

The habit of getting everything from life, without putting any effort into it, developed apathy and inertia in Oblomov, made him a slave to his own laziness. Ultimately, this is the culprit of the serf system and the domestic upbringing it engendered.

8. As in the novel by I.A. Goncharov's "Oblomov" shows the complex relationship between slavery and lordship?

Serfdom corrupts not only masters, but also slaves. An example of this is the fate of Zakhar. He is as lazy as Oblomov. During the life of the master, he was content with his position. After Oblomov's death, Zakhar has nowhere to go - he becomes a beggar.

9. What is Oblomovism?

"Oblomovism" is a social phenomenon that consists in laziness, apathy, inertia, contempt for work and an all-consuming desire for peace.

10. Why was Olga Ilyinskaya's attempt to revive Oblomov not successful?

Falling in love with Oblomov, Olga tries to re-educate him, break his laziness. But his apathy deprives her of faith in the future Oblomov. Oblomov's laziness was higher and stronger than love.

Stolz is hardly a good guy. Although, at first glance, this is a new, progressive person, active and active, but there is in him something of a machine, always dispassionate, rational. He is a schematized, unnatural person.

12. Describe Stolz from the novel by I.A. Goncharova "Oblomov".

Stolz is the antipode of Oblomov. He is an active, active person, a bourgeois businessman. He is adventurous, always striving for something. The outlook on life is characterized by the words: "Labor is an image, content, element and goal of life, at least mine." But Stolz is not capable of experiencing strong feelings, he emanates from the calculation of each step. The image of Stolz is artistically more schematic and declarative than the image of Oblomov.

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Maslov Kirill, 10g1

Is Oblomov a good person? Can a good person be superfluous?

Many interesting characters can be found in Russian literature of the second half of the 19th century. But, it seems to me, the most colorful and ambiguous is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - the protagonist of the novel of the same name by I.A.Goncharov.

“How many people - so many opinions” - says popular wisdom. Everyone can evaluate Ilya Ilyich in accordance with his own feeling. I think Oblomov is a good person. This opinion was formed after evaluating the relationship of the protagonist with other characters in the novel.

Oblomov cannot be imagined outside the sofa. The essence of Ilya Ilyich is clearly manifested precisely at home, where he lives with an old servant. The main character treats Zakhar well, in a friendly way, whom he knows from an early age. Sometimes he arranges “pathetic scenes”, but does not go further. Even noticing the theft of the old man, she does not focus on it. Lazy Oblomov knows that he cannot exist alone, and therefore loves Zakhara for his patience.

From early childhood, Andrei Ivanovich Stolz is a friend of the protagonist. What could be interesting to the energetic and independent Stolz in Oblomov? Andrei Ivanovich appreciates Ilya Ilyich for his intelligence, simplicity, tenderness and sincerity and “pulls” the hero out of all sorts of “scrapes”. For this Oblomov loves and respects Stolz immensely. In addition, Andrei Ivanovich introduces Ilya Ilyich to Olga Ilyinskaya.

Oblomov does not pursue low goals in a relationship with a young lady. Everything in his soul happens simply and naturally. If Oblomov's thoughts and phrases, said to Olga, belonged to someone else, they could be considered vulgar and pretense. But we understand the sincerity of Ilya Ilyich: “Olga understood that the word had escaped him ... and that it was the truth.” Ilyinskaya herself, who at first only wanted to rise in her own and others' eyes with the help of the hero, falls in love with such a meek, decent, somewhat naive person. He is truly “different”. Ilya Ilyich thinks about strangers, even if it is not profitable for him. That there is only one letter from the hero to Olga: "You ... you cannot love me." In order, God forbid, not to disappoint an inexperienced girl in her feelings, he is even ready to give up his love: “Before you is not the one you were waiting for, whom you dreamed of ...” Oblomov first of all thinks about strangers, he is afraid that they will be disappointed in him.

This is the defining line of relations between Ilya Ilyich and other characters in “Oblomov”. His house is very rarely empty. Everyone is pleased with the company of the hero. Oblomov does not refuse anyone anything: who needs advice, gives advice; who needs to eat, invite you to dinner. Tarantiev always takes everything he needs from Ilya Ilyich: a tailcoat ... His simplicity gives some a reason to cheat, but it seems that the Lord himself is on the side of the hero. Oblomov gets out of every scrape safely. They forced him to sign a "loan letter" - he saved Stolz, they sent the swindler to the estate - he saved Stolz, relations with Olga did not work out, Stolz did not help - he found Agafya Matveyevna. Nothing can distract Ilya Ilyich from "peace and peaceful fun."

Goncharov showed an intelligent, calm, decent, simple, at the same time capable of loving, sincere, somewhat naive hero, for whom “lying is a way of life”.

How can a person endowed with such qualities be bad? I don't think so. Moreover, I have never met such a wonderful hero in any work of literature.

You might think that if a definitely positive character exists, it will definitely be “superfluous”, but it only seems to be. Oblomov left behind a living reminder - Andryushenka. After the death of Ilya Ilyich, Agafya Matveyevna thought about her aimlessly lived life. Olga was formed as a person as a result of Oblomov's influence. It is not for nothing that Agafya Matveyevna and the Stoltsy spouses remember the already deceased hero every day. A good person, especially if he is Oblomov, cannot live without a trace. What could happen if all good people were superfluous? Our world would be filled with the results of the deeds of scoundrels and scoundrels. But we see that this is not the case. Therefore, I believe that a good person cannot be superfluous.

At the beginning of the 19th century, a number of works appeared in Russian literature, the main problem of which was the conflict between a person and society, which brought up his environment. The most prominent of them were "Eugene Onegin" by A.S. Pushnin and "A Hero of Our Time" M.Yu. Lermontov. This is how a special literary type is created and developed - the image of an “extra person”, a hero who has not found his place in society, is not understood and rejected by the environment. This image changed with the development of society, acquiring new features, qualities, features, until it reached the most vivid and complete embodiment in the novel by I.A. Goncharova "Oblomov".

The work of Goncharov is the story of a hero who does not have the makings of a decisive fighter, but has all the data to be a good, decent person. The writer "wanted to ensure that the casual image that flashed before him was elevated to a type, to give it a generic and permanent meaning," wrote N.A. Dobrolyubov. Indeed, Oblomov is not a new face in Russian literature, "but before it was not presented to us as simply and naturally as in Goncharov's novel."

Why can Oblomov be called "an extra person"? What are the similarities and differences of this character with his famous predecessors - Onegin and Pechorin?

Ilya Ilyich Oblomov is a weak-willed, sluggish, apathetic nature, cut off from real life: "Lying ... was his normal state." And this feature is the first thing that distinguishes him from Pushkin's and, especially, Lermontov's heroes.

The life of Goncharov's character is rosy dreams on a soft sofa. Slippers and a bathrobe are integral companions of Oblomov's existence and bright, precise artistic details that reveal Oblomov's inner essence and outer way of life. Living in a fictional world, fenced off by dusty curtains from reality, the hero devotes his time to building unrealizable plans, brings nothing to the end. Any of his undertakings comprehends the fate of the book, which Oblomov had been reading for several years on one page.

However, the inaction of Goncharov's character was not elevated to such an extreme degree as in Manilov's poem by N.V. Gogol's "Dead Souls", and, as Dobrolyubov correctly noted, "bummer is not a dull, apathetic nature, without aspirations and feelings, but a person who is also looking for something in his life, thinking about something ...".

Like Onegin and Pechorin, Goncharov's hero in his youth was a romantic, thirsty for an ideal, burned out from striving for activity, but, like them, Oblomov's "flower of life" "blossomed and did not bear fruit." Oblomov became disillusioned with life, lost interest in knowledge, realized the worthlessness of his existence, and literally and figuratively "lay down on the sofa," believing that in this way he could preserve the integrity of his personality.

So the hero and "lay" life, without bringing any visible benefit to society; "Slept" the love that passed by him. One can agree with the words of his friend Stolz, who figuratively noted that Oblomov's "troubles began with the inability to put on stockings and ended with the inability to live."

Thus, the main difference between Oblomov's “extra person” and “extra people” Onegin and Pechorin is that the latter denied social vices in action - real deeds and actions (see Onegin's life in the countryside, Pechorin's communication with the “water society”) , while the first "protested" on the sofa, spending his whole life in immobility and inaction. Therefore, if Onegin and Pechorin are "moral cripples" largely due to the fault of society, then Oblomov is mainly due to his own apathetic nature.

In addition, if the type of "superfluous person" is universal and characteristic not only of Russian, but also of foreign literature (B. Constant, A. de Musset, etc.), then, considering the features of the social and spiritual life of Russia in the 19th century, it can be noted that that Oblomovism is a purely Russian phenomenon, generated by the reality of that time. It is no coincidence that Dobrolyubov saw Oblomov as "our indigenous, folk type."

So, in the novel by I.A. Goncharov's "Oblomov" the image of the "superfluous person" receives its final embodiment and development. If in the works of A.S. Pushkin and M.Yu. Lermontov reveals the tragedy of one human soul that has not found its place in society, then Goncharov depicts a whole phenomenon of Russian social and spiritual life, called "Oblomovism" and absorbing the main vices of one of the characteristic types of noble youth of the 50s of the XIX century.

The main character of the novel by I.A.Goncharov is Ilya Ilyich Oblomov - a kind, gentle, kind-hearted person who can feel a feeling of love and friendship, but unable to step over himself - get off the couch, engage in any activity and even settle his own affairs. But if at the beginning of the novel Oblomov appears before us as a lazy person, then with each new page we penetrate more and more into the hero's soul - bright and pure.
In the first chapter, we meet insignificant people - friends of Ilya Ilyich, who surround him in Petersburg, busy with fruitless vanity, which creates the appearance of action. In contact with these people, the essence of Oblomov is more and more revealed. We see that Ilya Ilyich has such an important quality that few possess, like conscience. With every line the reader gets to know Oblomov's wonderful soul, and this is precisely why Ilya Ilyich stands out from the crowd of worthless, calculating, heartless people who are concerned only with his persona: “The soul shone so openly and easily in his eyes, in a smile, in every movement of his head and his hands” ...
Having excellent inner qualities, Oblomov is also educated and smart. He knows what constitutes the true values of life - not money, not wealth, but high spiritual qualities, a flight of feelings.
So why is such an intelligent and educated person unwilling to work? The answer is simple: Ilya Ilyich, like Onegin, Pechorin, Rudin, does not see the meaning and purpose of such work, such a life. He doesn't want to work like that. “This unresolved question, this unsatisfied doubt depletes forces, ruins activity; a person gives up, and he gives up work, not seeing his goal, ”- wrote Pisarev.
Goncharov does not introduce a single superfluous person into the novel - all the heroes with each step more and more reveal Oblomov to us. The author introduces us to Stolz - at first glance, an ideal hero. He is hardworking, calculating, practical, punctual, he himself managed to pave his way in life, amassed capital, earned respect and recognition in society. Why does he need all this? What good did his work bring? What is their purpose?
Stolz's task is to get settled in life, that is, to find sufficient livelihood, marital status, rank, and, having achieved all this, he stops, the hero does not continue his development, he is content with what he already has. How can such a person be called ideal? Oblomov, however, cannot live for the sake of material well-being, he must constantly develop, improve his inner world, and in this it is impossible to reach the limit, because the soul in its development knows no boundaries. This is where Oblomov is superior to Stolz.
But the main plot line in the novel is the relationship between Oblomov and Olga Ilyinskaya. It is here that the hero is revealed to us from the best side, his most cherished corners of the soul are revealed. Olga awakens the best qualities in the soul of Ilya Ilyich, but they do not live in Oblomov for long: Olga Ilyinskaya and Ilya Ilyich Oblomov were too different. She is characterized by harmony of mind and heart, will, which the hero is not able to understand and accept. Olga is full of vital energy, she strives for high - art and awakens the same feelings in Ilya Ilyich, but he is so far from her lifestyle that soon he again changes romantic walks for a soft sofa and a warm robe. It would seem that Oblomov is lacking, why not marry Olga, who accepted his offer. But no. He does not act like everyone else. Oblomov decides to break off relations with Olga for her own good; he acts like many familiar characters: Pechorin, Onegin, Rudin. They all leave their beloved women, not wanting to hurt them. “In relation to women, all Oblomovites behave in the same shameful manner. They do not know how to love at all and do not know what to look for in love, just like in life in general ... ", writes Dobrolyubov in his article" What is Oblomovism? "
Ilya Ilyich decides to stay with Agafya Matveyevna, for whom he also has feelings, but completely different from those for Olga. For him, Agafya Matveyevna was closer, "in her eternally moving elbows, in her eyes that carefully stop in front of everyone, in her eternal walk from the kitchen to the pantry." Ilya Ilyich lives in a cozy, comfortable house, where everyday life has always been in the first place, and the woman he loves would be a continuation of the hero himself. It would seem that the hero lives and lives happily ever after. No, such a life in Pshenitsyna's house was not normal, long-lasting, healthy, on the contrary, it accelerated Oblomov's transition from sleeping on the couch to eternal sleep - death.
Reading the novel, you involuntarily ask yourself: why is everyone so attracted to Oblomov? It is obvious that each of the heroes finds in him a particle of goodness, purity, revelation - all that is so lacking in people. Everyone, starting with Volkov and ending with Agafya Matveyevna, sought and, most importantly, found what was needed for themselves, for their hearts, souls. But Oblomov was nowhere his own, there was no such person who would truly make the hero happy. And the problem is not in the people around him, but in himself.
Goncharov in his novel showed different types of people, they all passed in front of Oblomov. The author showed us that Ilya Ilyich has no place in this life, just like Onegin and Pechorin.