After the First World War, Europe was in a state of economic and cultural crisis. Hundreds of thousands of young people went to war, naively dreaming of heroic deeds on the battlefield for the sake of honor and glory, and returned disabled in all respects. From the spirit of optimism that marked the first years of the 20th century, only memories remain.

It was during these years that a new political movement entered the political arena. Fascists in different European countries were united by the fact that they were all ultranationalists. The fascist parties, organized according to a strictly hierarchical principle, were joined by people of different social classes, eager for active action. They all argued that their own country or ethnic group was in danger and saw themselves as the only political alternative that could counter that threat. Dangerous declared, for example, democracy, foreign capitalism, communism, or, as it was in Germany, Romania and Bulgaria, other nations and races. The purpose of creating such an imaginary threat was to organize a mass movement capable of uniting the country and forcibly crushing competing ideas and external forces, allegedly seeking to destroy the nation. The state had to completely take control of every member of society, and the industry had to be organized in such a way as to achieve maximum labor productivity.

Within the general framework of such a strategy, naturally, there were different variants of ideologies - depending on the historical, cultural and political background of each country. In countries with a strong Catholic Church, fascism was often combined with elements of Catholicism. In some European countries, the fascist movement degenerated into small marginal groups. In others, the fascists managed to come to power, and then the development was distinguished by the cult of the fascist leader, disregard for human rights, control over the press, glorification of militarism and the suppression of the labor movement.

Italy and "a bunch of rods", or "a bunch of brushwood"

The word "fascism" was originally used to refer to the ideology of the Partito Nazionale Fascista party in Italy. Former journalist Benito Mussolini became the leader of the Italian fascists. For many years, Mussolini was fond of the socialist movement, but during the First World War he became a nationalist.

After World War I, Italy's economy collapsed, unemployment reached record highs, and democratic traditions fell into decay. The war cost the lives of more than 600,000 Italians, and although Italy was on the winning side, the country was in crisis. Many believed that Italy had lost as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.

On May 23, 1919, the first fascist group, Fasci di Combattimenti, was formed. Skillfully using the social unrest in the country, Mussolini turned his group into a mass organization. When in the fall of 1921 it was transformed into a political party, it already had 300,000 members. Six months later, the movement had 700 thousand members. In the 1921 elections, the fascist party received 6.5% of the vote and entered parliament.

However, the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista) was not an ordinary political party. The fascist movement attracted, first of all, young men. Many of them were war veterans, knew how to obey discipline and handle weapons. Militant groups emerged in the movement, where the right of the strong was extolled, and gradually violence became an important part of the entire party ideology. With their bloody attacks on communists and other members of the labor movement, the Nazis sided with employers during the strikes, and the Conservative government used them to suppress the socialist opposition.

In 1922, the Nazis took power in Italy. Mussolini threatened to march with his militants to Rome. Following this threat, on October 31, he was invited to an audience with King Victor Emmanuel III, who offered Mussolini the post of prime minister in the Conservative coalition government. It was a peaceful seizure of power, but in the mythology of fascism, the event was called "the march on Rome" and was described as a revolution.

Mussolini was in power for 22 years, until July 25, 1943, when the Allied troops entered Italy and the king removed the dictator. Mussolini was arrested, but released by a German parachute assault, giving him the opportunity to flee to northern Italy, where on September 23, the Duce proclaimed the notorious "Republic of Salo" - a German protectorate. The "Republic of Salo" existed until April 25, 1945, when the Allied troops occupied this last bastion of Italian fascism. On April 28, 1945, Benito Mussolini was captured by the partisans and was executed.

Totalitarian state

Mussolini, like many of his associates, went to the front as a soldier during the First World War. Life in the trenches seemed to him an ideal society in miniature, where everyone, regardless of age or social origin, worked in the name of a common goal: the defense of the country from an external enemy. Having come to power, Mussolini conceived to change Italy to the ground, to create a country where the whole society would be involved in a gigantic production machine and where the fascists would have total control. The expression "totalitarian state" arose in the early years of the fascist regime in the ranks of its political opponents to describe just this type of government. Then Mussolini began to use this term to describe his own ambitious plans. In October 1925, he formulated the slogan: "Everything is in the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state."

All political power in society had to come personally from Mussolini, who was called "Duce", that is, "leader" or "leader". To motivate this concentration of power in the hands of one man, the Italian press began to praise Mussolini. He was described as the personification of the ideal of a man, such myths and such a cult of his personality were created around him, which seems ridiculous in the eyes of a modern person. For example, he was described as a "superman" who is able to work 24 hours a day, has fantastic physical strength and once allegedly stopped his gaze at the beginning of the eruption of Mount Etna.

The heirs of the Roman state

The Italian state was relatively young and socially and even linguistically heterogeneous. However, even before the Nazis came to power, nationalists sought to unite citizens around a single historical heritage - the history of Ancient Rome. Ancient Roman history has been an important part of schooling since the late 19th century. Even before the outbreak of the First World War, historical colossus films were made.

Naturally, in this atmosphere, Mussolini tried to present the fascists as the heirs of the Romans, fulfilling the historical task predetermined by fate - the return of the former power and splendor of the collapsed empire. During the reign of the Duce, the main attention was paid to the period of the emergence of the Roman Empire, its military superiority, and the social structure of that time was depicted as similar to that which Mussolini sought to build. It is from Roman history that many of the symbols used by the fascists are borrowed.

"A bunch of brushwood" - "fascia"

The very word "fascism" has a common root with the party symbol of Mussolini and his henchmen. Fascio littorio, lictor fascia
- this was the name of a bundle of brushwood or rods with a bronze hatchet in the center. Such "bundles", or "sheaves", were carried by Roman lictors - low-ranking officials, clearing them in the crowd, even for important persons.

In ancient Rome, such a "bundle of brushwood" was a symbol of the right to hit, beat and, in general, punish. Later, she became a symbol of political power in general. In the 18th century, during the Age of Enlightenment, the fascia personified republican rule as opposed to monarchy. In the 19th century, it began to mean strength through unity, since the rods tied together are much stronger than the sum of each twig or whip. In the second half of the century, the words "fascina", "fascia", "bundle" began to mean small leftist groups in politics. And after the trade unions held several strikes in the mid-1890s in Sicily, the term took on a connotation of radicalism.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the word "fascists" was quite common. This was the name given to radical Italian political groups, both right and left. However, with the spread of the Fasci di Combattimenti party throughout the country, Mussolini monopolized the term. Gradually, the word "fascia" became associated with the ideology of the Italian fascists, and not with political authority in general, as before.

"A bunch of brushwood" or "a bunch of roses" was not only a symbol of the fascists' perception of themselves as the heirs of Rome. Symbolism also meant the spiritual and physical "rebirth" of the Italian people, based on authority and discipline. The branches tied in one bunch became the personification of a unified Italy under the leadership of the Duce. In his manifesto "The Doctrine of Fascism" (Dottrina del fascismo, 1932) Mussolini wrote: "[Fascism] wants to transform not only the external forms of human life, but also its very content, man, characters, faith. This requires discipline and authority that impresses souls and conquers them completely. Therefore, they are marked by the lictor fascia, a symbol of unity, strength and justice. "

After Mussolini came to power, fascia filled the daily life of Italians. They were found on coins, banners, official documents, manhole covers, and postage stamps. They were used by private associations, organizations and clubs. Two huge "sheaves" stood on the sides of Mussolini when he delivered speeches to the people in Rome.

Since 1926, members of the fascist party were obliged to wear this sign - the party emblem - and on civilian clothes. In December of the same year, a decree was issued on giving the symbol of state significance. Three months later, the "sheaf" was included in the image of the national coat of arms of Italy, taking the place to the left of the coat of arms of the Italian royal house. In April 1929, the fascia replaced two lions on the shield of the royal dynasty. So the state and the fascist party merged into one. And the fascia became the visible symbol of the “new order.

Fascist "style"

Mussolini not only wanted to change society, but he also strove to transform the Italian people in accordance with the fascist ideal. Duce began with party members who were the first to dress and behave in accordance with the fascist model, which later became associated with right-wing extremist movements around the world. For the Nazis, the word "style" was not only a matter of taste in the choice of clothing. It was about closeness to the fascist ideal in everything: in habits, behavior, actions and attitude towards life.

Fascism was the ideology of war, and its supporters dressed like soldiers. They marched, sang fighting songs, took oaths of allegiance, took the oath and wore uniforms. The uniform included boots, trousers, a special headdress, and a black shirt.

Initially, black shirts were worn by members of fascist militant groups who fought in the streets with communists and other political opponents. They looked like the elite troops of the First World War and were called "arditi". When Mussolini came to power in 1922, he disbanded the militants and organized a national militia in their place. But the black shirts remained and over time acquired such a status that a person who donned it at an inappropriate time could be arrested and prosecuted.

In 1925, Mussolini said at a party congress: “The black shirt is not everyday clothes or uniforms. This is a military uniform that can only be worn by people who are pure in soul and heart. "

The "ten commandments" of fascism, which were formulated in October 1931, said: "Anyone who is not ready to sacrifice his body and soul for Italy and for Mussolini's service without the slightest hesitation is not worthy to wear a black shirt - a symbol of fascism." ... After coming to power, civil servants of all departments began to wear black shirts. In 1931, all professors, and a few years later, teachers at all levels were obliged to wear black shirts at ceremonies. From 1932 to 1934, detailed rules were developed for wearing shirts (wearing starch collars was "absolutely forbidden") in combination with accessories - boots, belt and tie.

Roman greeting

The fascist style of behavior also included the so-called Roman salute. Greeting with an outstretched right hand palm down has been associated with Ancient Rome since the second half of the 18th century. It is not known if it was actually used, but there are images depicting similar gestures.

French artist Jacques-Louis David depicted the oath or oath of the Horatians on a 1784 canvas, where twins, three brothers, stretching out their arms, vow to sacrifice their lives for the sake of the Roman Republic. After the Great French Revolution, David painted another picture where a new, revolutionary government swears allegiance to the new constitution with the same gesture, throwing its right hands forward and upward. Inspired by the canvas of David, artists depicted a similar greeting in paintings on ancient Roman themes for a whole century.

In the middle of the 19th century, the outstretched right hand increasingly assumed the character of a military greeting, widespread both among various political groupings and at the level of the whole country. In the United States, for example, since the 1890s, schoolchildren have saluted with their right hand when the American flag is raised. This continued until 1942, when America entered the war against Italy and Germany and it became politically impossible to use the same gesture as the Nazis for greeting.

The Italian fascists considered this gesture to be a symbol of the legacy of ancient Rome, and propaganda described it as a salute to masculinity, as opposed to the usual handshake, which began to be seen as a weak, feminine and bourgeois greeting.

Export style

The Italian fascists were considered the founders of a style that was adopted by all other groups of a similar ideological trend in Europe in the 20s and 30s. The habit of marching in dark-colored shirts has spread among the Nazis.

The Italians were blindly copied by members of the British Union of Fascists, the Dutch party Mussertpartiet and the Bulgarian National for the Fascist, all of whom were "black shirts." The Spanish phalangists in 1934 refused to introduce black shirts to distinguish them from the Italian fascists, and switched to blue uniforms. Also did the Portuguese national syndicalists, the Swedish supporters of Lindholm, the Irish in the Army Comrades Association and several French groups: Faisceau, Solidarité Française and Le Francisme. In Germany, members of the storm troopers of the National Socialist Party (NSDAP) wore brown shirts. Green shirts were worn by members of the Hungarian Arrow Cross Party (Nyilaskeresztes part) - the Nilashists, Croatian Ustashis and the Romanian Iron Guard. Gray shirts were worn by members of the Swiss National Front and Icelandic National Socialists. There was a small group in the United States who called themselves the Silver Shirts.

The Roman greeting with a raised hand was used by various nationalist groups in Europe even before Mussolini came to power in Italy. With the victorious march of the Italian fascists, this gesture began to spread more and more widely. The symbol of the fascia was adopted by other fascist associations inspired by the successes of Mussolini, for example, the British Union of Fascists, the Bulgarian National for the Fascists, the Swiss Fascismus and the Swedish Svenska fascistiska kampförbundet.

In the nature of fascism, however, lies the glorification of its own culture. Therefore, most groups in other countries, instead of the lictor fascia, began to use local national symbols or signs that better reflected the local version of fascist ideology.

Fascist groups and symbols in other countries

Belgium

In the period between the world wars, two parallel movements of the fascist direction arose in Belgium. The first of these attracted the Walloons for the most part, the Francophone Belgians. The leader of the movement was lawyer Leon Degrell, editor-in-chief of the Catholic and conservative magazine Christus Rex. The organization he created became the basis for the Rexistpartiet party formed in 1930. Rexism, as the ideology of this party began to be called, combined the theses of Catholicism with purely fascist elements, for example, corporatism and the abolition of democracy. Gradually, the Rexists became closer to German National Socialism, which led to the loss of the party's support for the church, and with it many of its supporters. During World War II, the Rexists supported the German occupation of Belgium, and Degrell volunteered for the SS.

In the emblem of the Rexist party, the letters "REX" were combined with a cross and a crown as symbols of Christ's kingdom on earth.

The second notable fascist movement in Belgium found supporters in the Flemish part of the population. Already in the 1920s, groups of Flemish nationalists became active in the country, and in October 1933 a significant part of them united in the Vlaamsch Nationaal Verbond (VNV) party under the leadership of Staf de Klerk. This party adopted many of the ideas of the Italian fascists. De Klerk was called "den Leiter", "leader." In 1940, his party collaborated with the occupation regime. It was banned immediately after the war.

The colors of the VNV party's emblem are borrowed from the coat of arms of the Dutch national hero, William of Orange. The triangle is the Christian symbol of the Trinity. In Christian symbolism, the triangle can also represent equality and unity. The circle in the emblem is also a Christian symbol of unity.

Finland

In Finland, fascism spread more widely than in the rest of the Nordic countries. Nationalist currents were strong throughout the period between the two world wars. The country gained independence from Russia in 1917. After the Civil War of 1918, when the Whites defeated the Reds supported by Soviet Russia, fear of the communist revolution was strong. In 1932, the Isänmaallinen kansanliike (IKL) party was formed, which became a continuation of the anti-communist nationalist Lapua movement of the 1920s.

The IKL was a purely fascist party with the addition of its own extremely nationalist dream of an ethnically homogeneous Greater Finland, which was supposed to include the territories of today's Russia and Estonia, as well as the requirements of a corporate structure of society. All this was presented against the background of the ideology of the "superman", in which the Finns were presented as biologically superior to neighboring peoples. The party existed until 1944. She managed to run for office in three elections and received just over 8% of the vote in the 1936 elections, and three years later the number of votes cast for her dropped to 7%.

Members of the IKL party wore uniforms: a black shirt and a blue tie. The party banner was also blue with the emblem: inside the circle - a man with a club, sitting on a bear.

Greece

After the 1936 elections, Greece was in a difficult situation. Fearing a growing trade union movement, the king appointed Defense Minister Ioannis Metaxas as prime minister. Metaxas used a series of strikes to declare a state of emergency and immediately overturn the country's democratic institutions. On August 4, 1936, he proclaimed the regime he called the "August 4th regime" and began to create an authoritarian dictatorship with elements of fascism, taking as a model the actions of the National Union, which was in power in Portugal. Troops were repeatedly sent to Greece, and in 1941 a government loyal to Hitler came to power in the country. The regime collapsed when Greece, despite Metaxa's pro-German sympathies, sided with the Allies in World War II.

Metaxa chose a stylized double-edged ax to symbolize the August 4th regime, as he considered it the oldest symbol of Hellenic civilization. Indeed, double axes, real and in images, in Greek culture for thousands of years, they are often found among the archaeological finds of the Minoan civilization in Crete.

Ireland

In 1932, the fascist Army Comrades Association (ACA) was formed in Ireland, originally created to guard the gatherings of the nationalist Cumann nan Gaedhael party. Soon, under the leadership of former General and Police Chief Owen O'Duffy, the ACA became independent and changed its name to National Guard.

Inspired by the Italian fascists, members of the organization in April 1933 began to wear "party" shirts of sky-blue color, for which they were nicknamed "Blue Shirts". They also adopted the Roman salute and threatened to march to Dublin in imitation of Mussolini's march to Rome. In the same year, 1933, the party was banned and O'Duffy relaxed the fascist rhetoric. Later, he was among the founders of the nationalist party Finne Gal.

The ACA banner, which later became the flag of the National Guard, was a version of the Irish Order of St. Patrick's banner introduced in 1783: a red St. Andrew's cross on a white background. The sky blue color goes back to the legend of how the white cross appeared in the sky in honor of St. Andrew (this motif also exists on the flag of Scotland).

Norway

Vidkun Quisling formed the nationalist National Accord (Nasjonal Samling) in 1933. The party soon adopted an orientation towards fascism and Nazism. Before World War II, National Accord was the fastest growing party in Norway, and after the German occupation of the country, Quisling became the country's minister-president. By 1943, the party had about 44,000 members. On May 8, 1945, the party was disbanded, and the name of Quisling became synonymous throughout the world with a traitor to the motherland.

The National Accord Party used the Scandinavian traditional flag, that is, a yellow cross on a red background, as a symbol. Local branches of the party designated themselves as "Olaf's cross" - a variant of the "solstice". This sign has been a symbol of Norway since the time of the Christianization of the country by St. Olaf in the 11th century.

Portugal

After the First World War, Portugal lay in ruins. After the military coup in 1926, the National Union party was formally created in 1930. In 1932, former finance minister Antonio Salazar, who soon became prime minister, took over the leadership of the party. Salazar, who was in power in Portugal until his death in 1970, introduced a complete dictatorship and an ultra-reactionary political system, some elements of which can be regarded as fascist. The party remained in power until 1974, when the regime was overthrown and democracy was introduced in the country.

The National Union used the so-called Mantuan cross in its symbolism. This cross, like the Fascist Iron Cross, is a black and white cross patté, but with narrower crossbeams. It was used, among others, by the Nazis in France.

Another group in Portugal in the 1930s was fascist in its purest form. It was formed in 1932 and was called the Movement of National Syndicalists (MNS). The leader of the movement was Roland Preto, who in the early 1920s admired Mussolini and saw the similarities between his fascism and his national-syndicalism. Inspired by Italians, members of the movement wore blue shirts, for which they were nicknamed "blue shirts".

The MNS was more radical than the incumbent National Union and criticized the Salazar regime for being too timid in transforming Portuguese society. In 1934, the MNS was disbanded on the orders of Salazar, but continued its activities underground until its leadership was expelled from the country after an unsuccessful coup attempt in 1935. Preto settled in Spain, where he took part in the civil war on the side of Franco.

The MNS movement was heavily influenced by Catholicism. Therefore, the cross of the Portuguese Christ of the Order of the Knights-Crusaders of the XIV century was chosen as its symbol.

Romania

After the First World War, Romania, like other European countries, was overtaken by a depression. And just like in Germany and Italy, economic problems and fear of the communist revolution have led here to the emergence of extreme nationalist movements. In 1927, the charismatic leader Corneliu Codreanu created the Legion of Archangel Michael, or the Iron Guard. The Iron Guard combined religious mysticism with bestial anti-Semitism in their ideology. The members of the "guard" were recruited most often from among students. Codreanu's goal was the "Christian and racial cleansing" of the nation. Soon, from a tiny sect, the Legion of Archangel Michael, it turned into a party that received 15.5% of the vote in the 1937 parliamentary elections, thus becoming the country's third largest party.

The Iron Guard was perceived as a threat by the regime of King Carol II. When the king instituted a dictatorship in 1938, Codreanu was arrested and then killed, allegedly while trying to escape. As a result, Codreanu became known as a "martyr of fascism" and is still revered by modern Nazis all over the world.

During the Second World War, members of the Iron Guard, who were called "legionnaires", collaborated with the German occupation forces and became famous for their brutality.

The legionnaires greeted each other with a Roman or salute and wore green shirts, so they were called "green shirts" (green was supposed to symbolize renewal).

The symbol of the organization is a stylized version of a three-part intertwined Christian cross, reminiscent of a prison bars. This sign was intended to symbolize martyrdom. The symbol was sometimes called the "Cross of Michael the Archangel" - the guardian angel of the "Iron Guard".

Switzerland

In the 1920s, small fascist groups began to form in Switzerland, following the example of neighboring Italy. In 1933, two such groups merged into a party called the National Front. This party was heavily influenced by the German Nazis; following their example, she founded a youth and women's organization, and in the mid-30s - and her own armed militia, which was called Harst or Auszug.

In the 1933 local elections, the Swiss National Front gained electoral support on a wave of nationalism inspired by the rise to power of the Nazis in Germany. The party reached its maximum number of more than 9 thousand members in 1935, receiving 1.6% of the vote and one seat in the Swiss parliament. The party was led by Ernst Biederman, Rolf Henie and Robert Tobler. In 1940, the Front was banned by the government, but continued its activities until 1943.

The National Front has created its own version of the Italian fascist style - with gray shirts. The members of the organization also adopted the Roman greeting. The Front's symbol was a variant of the Swiss flag, in which the white cross extended to the borders of the red background.

Spain

The Spanish Phalanx was created in 1933. At first, like the Italian fascists and German Nazis, the Phalangists tried to come to power through elections, but they failed to win over enough voters to vote for the conservative parties supported by the Catholic Church.

The next chance came after the victory of the Socialist Popular Front Party in the 1936 elections. The Spanish military, led by General Francisco Franco, refused to recognize the election results and began an armed uprising that resulted in the civil war of 1936-1939. Initially Franco, however, he allowed Phalanx, whose membership had increased significantly after the elections, to become the most important part of the political apparatus, and accepted the political program of the party. With the help of Italy and Germany, Franco and the Phalangists won the civil war. However, despite the support, during the Second World War, the Phalangists did not take the side of Hitler, and thanks to this they managed to retain power in the future.

After the war, Spain, like neighboring Portugal, became an authoritarian dictatorship. Franco's regime lasted until 1975. The phalanx was formally disbanded in 1977.

The Phalanx symbol is borrowed from the coat of arms during the reign of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, the unifiers of Spain in the 15th century. In 1931, the yoke and arrows were taken by the symbols of the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista), which later merged with Phalanx. Since ancient times, the yoke has symbolized work for a common goal, and arrows - power. The red and black background is the colors of the Spanish syndicalists.

United Kingdom

The British Union of Fascists (BUF) was formed in 1932 by former Conservative MP and Labor minister, Sir Oswald Mosley. Mosley built his organization in the image and likeness of the Italian fascists and introduced the black uniform, for which the members of the Union were called "black shirts". The number of BUF reached 50 thousand people. In the mid-1930s, as its members were involved in numerous violent incidents, the party's popularity declined. In 1940, the organization was banned, and Mosley spent most of the Second World War in prison.

Oswald Mosley believed that the British colonial empire was the modern heir to the Roman Empire, and therefore initially used a variant of the Roman fascia as a party symbol. In 1936, the party adopted a new symbol: a lightning bolt inside a circle.

The colors were borrowed from the British flag. The circle is an ancient Christian symbol of unity. Lightning is a symbol of action, activity. In the post-war period, the same symbols were used by the American fascist group, the National Revival Party. It is still found among right-wing extremists today - for example, the British terrorist organization Combat 18, used lightning and a circle in the logo of The Order in the early 90s of the XX century.

Sweden

In Sweden, the Swedish Fascist Struggle Organization (Sveriges Fascistiska Kamporganisation, SFKO) was created in the year. The "bunch of rods" symbol was used both as a sign of the party and as the name of its main organ, Spöknippet.

After party leader Konrad Halgren and Sven Olaf Lindholm visited Germany, the party became close to National Socialism and in the fall of 1929 changed its name to the Swedish National Socialist People's Party.

In 1930, she merged with other Nazi parties: the National Socialist Peasant-Workers' Association of Birger Furugord and the "New Swedish Party". The new organization was initially called the New Swedish National Socialist Party and soon became the Swedish National Socialist Party (SNSP). In the 1932 elections to the second chamber of the Riksdag, the party nominated itself in nine constituencies and gained 15,188 votes.

Over time, ideological differences between Furugord and Lindholm escalated to such an extent that on January 13, 1933, Lindholm and his supporters were expelled from the party. The next day, Lindholm formed the National Socialist Labor Party (NSAP). The parties began to be called "Lindholm" and "Furugord".

In October 1938, NSAP changed its name again to the Swedish Socialist Association (SSS). Lindholm attributed the lack of success in recruiting new members to the fact that the party was too close to German National Socialism and used the German swastika as a symbol. His party called its ideology "popular socialism" (folksocialism), and instead of the swastika took the "sheaf of the Vasa dynasty" (vasakärven) as the party symbol.

This heraldic symbol of the unifier of Sweden, King Gustav Vasa, is of great national importance in Sweden. The word vase in Old Swedish means a sheaf of ears. In the Middle Ages, different versions of such "sheaves" or "bundles" were used in the construction of significant buildings and the laying of roads. The "sheaf" depicted on the coat of arms of the Vasa dynasty served, in particular, to fill the ditches during the storming of fortresses. When Gustav Vasa ascended the Swedish throne in 1523, this symbol appeared on the coat of arms of the Swedish state. The king's slogan "Varer svensk" (roughly "be a Swede") was often quoted in Nazi and fascist circles.

Germany

The National Socialist Workers' Party (NSDAP) of Germany was formed in 1919. In the 1920s, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, the party turned into a mass movement, and by the time it came to power, its ranks numbered almost 900 thousand members.

German National Socialism was in many ways reminiscent of Italian fascism, but there were differences on several points. Both ideologies are marked by a pronounced cult of the leader's personality. Both of them sought to unite society into a single national movement. Both National Socialism and Fascism are clearly anti-democratic and both are anti-communist. But if the Nazis considered the state to be the most important part of society, then the Nazis instead talked about the purity of the race. In the eyes of the Nazis, the total power of the state was not a goal, but a means to achieve another goal: the benefit for the Aryan race and the German people. Where the fascists interpreted history as a constant process of struggle between different forms of state, the Nazis saw an eternal struggle between races.

This was reflected in the Nazi symbol of the swastika, an ancient sign that in the 19th century was combined with the myth of the Aryan race as the crown of creation. The Nazis adopted many of the outward signs of fascism. They created their own version of the fascist "style" and introduced the Roman greeting. For more information, see chapters 2 and 3.

Hungary

As in other European countries, fascist groups of various inclinations arose in Hungary during the interwar period. Some of these groups united in 1935 to form the Party of National Will. The party was banned two years later, but re-emerged in 1939 under the name Arrows Crossed. Hungarian Movement ". In May of the same year, it became the second largest party in the country and won 31 seats in parliament. With the outbreak of World War II, it was again banned, but in October 1944, the German occupation authorities put in power the so-called government of national unity, headed by the chairman of Arrow Cross, Ferenc Salasi. This regime lasted only a few months, until February 1945, but in a short time it sent about 80 thousand Jews to concentration camps.

Supporters of the "Salashists" (named after the leader of the party) took their name from the Christian pointed cross, a symbol used by the Hungarians in the 10th century. In the ideology of the Salashists, the Hungarians were the dominant nation, and the Jews were considered the main enemies. Therefore, the sign of crossed arrows is in second place after the swastika, among the most anti-Semitic symbols of fascism. The crossed arrows, like the custom of marching in green shirts, were borrowed from the early 1933 fascist group HNSALWP, which later became part of the National Will Party.

During the reign of the Salasi government in Hungary, a flag arose with a white circle in the center on a red background, and in it - black crossed arrows. Thus, the color scheme and structure of the German flag with a swastika was completely repeated. The SS troops, formed from Hungarian volunteers, also used this symbol for the Hungarian divisions No. 2 and No. 3. Today this symbol is banned in Hungary.

In addition, the "Salashists" used the red-white-striped flag from the coat of arms of the Arpad dynasty of Hungarian princes, which ruled the country from the end of the 9th century to 1301.

Austria

In 1933, Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dolphuss abolished parliamentary rule and introduced a one-party system led by the Fatherland Front party. The party combined in its program Italian fascism and elements of Catholicism, in other words, professed clerical fascism. The Fatherland Front was in opposition to German National Socialism, and in 1934, during a coup attempt, Dollfuss was killed. Clerical fascism dominated the country until 1938, when Austria was annexed to Nazi Germany.

The flag of the Patriotic Front party is a so-called crutch cross on a red and white background. The cross has the same ancient roots as the crosses of the knights-crusaders, and in the Christian tradition it is called cross potent. Its use in the 1930s in Austria was an attempt to compete with the Nazi swastika.

 28.03.2013 13:48

Swastika symbolism, as the most ancient, is most often found in archaeological excavations. More often than other symbols, it was found in ancient burial mounds, on the ruins of ancient cities and settlements. In addition, swastika symbols were depicted on various details of architecture, weapons, clothes and household utensils among many peoples of the world. Swastika symbolism is ubiquitous in ornamentation as a sign of Light, Sun, Love, Life. The swastika was often printed by E. Phillips and other postcard manufacturers in the United States and Great Britain in the 1900-1910s, calling it the "cross of happiness" consisting of "four Ls": Light (light), Love (love), Life ( life) and Luck (good luck).

The Greek name for the swastika is "gammadion" (four letters "gamma"). In post-war Soviet legends, the belief was widespread that the swastika consists of 4 letters "G", symbolizing the first letters of the surnames of the leaders of the Third Reich - Hitler, Goebbels, Himmler, Goering (and this is given that in German these surnames began with different letters - " G "and" H ").

Because “the consequences of the barbaric attitude towards the swastika turn out to be very deplorable for the modern culture of the Russian peoples. It is a known fact when, during the Second World War, the workers of the Kargopol Museum of Local Lore destroyed a number of unique embroideries containing an ornamental swastika motif for fear of being accused of Hitler's agitation. Until now, in most museums, art monuments with a swastika are not included in the main exhibition. Thus, through the fault of public and state institutions that support "swastikophobia", the millennial cultural tradition is suppressed. "

An interesting case related to this issue occurred in Germany in 2003. The chairman of the German Falun Dafa Association (Falun Dafa is an ancient system of cultivation of soul and life, based on the improvement of morality) unexpectedly received a notice of criminal proceedings from the district attorney of Germany, where he accused of displaying an "illegal" symbol on a website (the Falun emblem contains a swastika of the Buddha system in its image).

The case turned out to be so unusual and interesting that its consideration lasted more than six months. The final verdict of the court stated that the Falun symbol is legal and permissible in Germany, and also stated that the Falun symbol and the illegal symbol are completely different in appearance and have completely different meanings. Excerpt from the judgment: “The Falun symbol represents peace and harmony in the mind, which is precisely what the Falun Gong movement has firmly advocated.

There are Falun Gong practitioners all over the world. Falun Gong is now brutally persecuted in its country of origin, China. So far, 35,000 people have been arrested, and several hundred of them have been sentenced to imprisonment from 2 to 12 years without providing any evidence of the prosecution. " The prosecutor did not want to accept such a court verdict and appealed.

Following a thorough investigation of the District Court's verdict, the Court of Appeal ruled to uphold the original verdict and refuse further appeals. A similar case occurred in Moldova, where a similar case has been pending since September 2008, and only on January 26, 2009, a court decision was issued with a verdict to completely reject the prosecutor's petition and admit that the Falun Dafa emblem had nothing to do with the Nazi swastika.

The swastika became popular in European culture in the 19th century - in the wake of the fashion of Aryan theory. English astrologer Richard Morrison organized the Order of the Swastika in 1869. She is found in the pages of books by Rudyard Kipling. The swastika was also used by the founder of the Boy Scout movement, Robert Baden-Powell. In 1915, the swastika, which has been widespread in Latvian culture since ancient times, was depicted on the banners of battalions (later regiments) of Latvian riflemen of the Russian army. Occultists and theosophists also attached great importance to this sacred sign. According to the latter, "the swastika ... is a symbol of energy in motion, which creates the world, breaking through holes in space, creating vortices, which are atoms that serve to create worlds." The swastika was part of the personal emblem of E.P. Blavatsky and adorned almost all the prints of Theosophists.

Suffice it to say that in the Middle Ages, the swastika was never opposed to the six-pointed star as a supposedly specific symbol of Judaism. On the miniature to "The Chants of St. Mary" by Alfonso of the Sabaean swastika and two six-pointed stars are depicted next to the Jewish usurer. Before World War II, swastika mosaics adorned a synagogue in Hartford, Connecticut.
"The Rainbow Swastika" by Hannah Newman, a person who stands on the positions of Orthodox Judaism. In her book, she exposes the so-called "conspiracy of Aquarius" - directed, in her opinion, against world Jewry. She believes that the main enemy of Jewry is the New Age movement, behind which are the mysterious occult forces of the East. For us, its conclusions are valuable in that they confirm our ideas about war, confrontation, two forces - the power of the present era, ruled by the Old Tower, the Black Lodge, and relying on the assertion of material reality, and the power of the "dynamis", the New Aeon, the Green Dragon or Ray, the White Lodge, striving to overcome this reality. It is very significant that according to Hannah Newman, Russia is under the control of the conservative Jewish-Christian alliance, preventing the destructive plans of the White Lodge. This explains the wars of the 20th century against Russia, as well as its inevitable "erosion" that we can observe in our time.

“The book is called The Rainbow Swastika by Hannah Newman. The first edition of the book appeared in March 1997 - the text was posted on the University of Colorado website by activists of the Jewish Student Union. Two years later, he was removed from the University of Colorado website without explanation. The full English version of the 2nd edition (2001) can be downloaded from the above address.
Written from the racist standpoint of Orthodox Judaism, the book is a rather detailed analysis of the philosophy and program of the NEW AGE movement, which the author identifies with the Illuminati and with the forces behind the New World Order. In her opinion, Kabbalah is an alien body in the doctrine of Judaism, a teaching closer to Tibetan BUDDHISM, destroying Judaism from the inside.

The postulates of the New Age are most clearly stated in the writings of theorists of the Theosophical Society, founded by Helena Blavatsky (Khan) in 1875. The author traces the following ideological continuity: Helena Blavatsky - Alice Bailey - Benjamin Cream. Blavatsky herself claimed that her writings were just a recording of some esoteric teaching "dictated by the Tibetan Masters" named Morya and Koot Hoomi. Another Tibetan Master, Djwahl Kuhl, became Alice Bailey's guru. Almost all international organizations and structures ideologically adhere to the New Age, starting with the UN and UNESCO and ending with such as Greenpeace, Scientology, World Council of Churches, Council of International Relations, Club of Rome, Bilderbergers, Skull and Bones Order, etc.
The religious and philosophical basis of NA is made up of Gnosticism, Kabbalah, Buddhism, the doctrine of reincarnation and racial karma, with the addition of a mixed hodgepodge from almost all known pagan cults. The main blow of the movement is directed against monotheistic religions. Its goal is the establishment of the satanic cult of Maitreya / Lucifer, the worship of "Mother-Goddess Earth" (mother Earth, capital "E" - hence Enron, Einstein, recently activated Etna, etc.), reduction of the planet's population to 1 billion people and the transfer of civilization from the materialistic to the spiritual and mystical path of development. The author calls the Newager movement "The Aquarian Conspiracy" after the title of the book published in 1980 by Marilyn Ferguson. The final goal is even more incredible, I will talk about it below.
The more mundane and specific landmarks of the Aquarian Conspiracy (since 1975 it has become OPEN) are the following four main goals:
Overcoming the PROBLEM OF TERRITORIAL OWNERSHIP, that is, the elimination of sovereign national state formations.
Solving the PROBLEM OF SEX or changing the motivation of sexual intercourse - their only goal should be "the production of physical bodies for the reincarnation of souls."
Rethinking and lowering the psychological VALUE of INDIVIDUAL LIFE for carrying out a GLOBAL CLEANING on the planet, eliminating all opponents of the New Age and conducting a WORLD INITIATION into the cult of Lucifer.
Final Solution to the PROBLEM OF JEWS AND JUDAISM.
5 World Control Centers stand out in the establishment of a NEW WORLD ORDER: London, New York, Geneva, Tokyo and Darjeeling (India). One of the "students of Maitreya" Benjamin Krem named Mikhail GORbachev. (Hitler was also a Newager, even a whole chapter devoted to the occult connections of the Nazis was highlighted. There is nothing new in it, however.)
The inevitable, according to the author, a world collision should occur both on the material and on the spiritual-mystical level due to the aggravation of the confrontation between the WHITE and BLACK LODS in the era of the change of the ERA OF PISCES (0-2000) to the ERA OF AQUARIUS (2000-4000). Representatives of the Black Lodge (Dark Forces) are supporters of the currently dominant concept of the material world and use the Jews as their tool for programming the consciousness of the masses in line with the dominant ILLUSION of physical reality. The White Lodge is the conductor of spirituality in the world and is under the leadership of the HIERARCHY of some immaterial ASCENDED MASTERS (Ascended Masters). Cosmology, mythology, eschatology and the NEW AGE program are detailed in the works of Blavatsky and Bailey. Newagers have their own TRINITY or LOGOS (apparently, this is the same LOGOS that was at the beginning of everything, according to the Gospel of John): Sanat Kumara (god-demiurge, creator of man), Maitreya-Christ (Messiah) and Lucifer (Satan, carrier light and reason). They form the Planetary Logos and embody the THREE RULING COSMIC ENERGIES. A whole Hierarchy of masters, sages and teachers of humanity is built under them.
The outbreak of the Third World War is, according to the author, a manifestation at the material level of the clash between the White and Black Lodges (in other words, the collision of Satanists-Gnostics with materialistic Jews). Russia is mentioned only once in the book, in the context of a quote from Alice Bailey, who considered it a completely controlled springboard of the BLACK LODGE.

Plan.
The Tibetan teacher Alice Bailey (Jval Kul - DK) confirmed the prediction voiced by Helena Blavatsky in due time that the OPEN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN will begin no earlier than the “end of the XXth century”. It should be preceded by INFILTRATION of all strata of society by "agents of change", the widespread dissemination of mystical practices, including those related to drug use to introduce adepts into a "stable state of altered consciousness." What exactly should such a perversion of consciousness consist in? In the activation of intuition and REFUSAL OF LOGICAL THINKING, and ultimately - in the complete REFUSAL OF OWN "I", in dissolution in the COLLECTIVE EGREGOR. First, by the widespread cultivation of collective thinking (GROUP THINKING) and the general synchronization of consciousness, the construction of ANTAHKARANA (antahkarana) - the mystical horizontal BRIDGE of the RAINBOW (“The Rainbow Bridge”) is achieved. Upon completion of the construction of the horizontal BRIDGE, when the UNIVERSAL CONSCIOUSNESS is finally created, an attempt should be made to establish spiritual contact with the immaterial representatives of the HIERARCHY (White Lodge), i.e., the construction of the VERTICAL ANTAHKARANA. The successful establishment of such contact by HUMANITY will be a prerequisite for its entry into a fundamentally new stage of development. According to one of the main ideologues of NEW AGE, the candidate for vice-president of the United States from the Democratic Party (1984) BARBARA MARX HUBBARD, the construction of the Vertical BRIDGE of the RAINBOW will be an irreversible change in the history of our civilization. According to other sources, MOST can only be installed for a short period of time and will inevitably fall apart again.
Thus, the current process of GLOBALIZATION is nothing more than an attempt to build a mystical all-planetary RAINBOW BRIDGE to establish contact with the higher spiritual substances around us. Karl Marx is resting!
All three substances of the LOGOS must consistently materialize on Earth in order to REACTIVATE THE PLAN: first Lucifer, then Maitreya and, finally, Sanat Kumara. A script for the COMING OF THE MESSIAH has already been developed specifically for the Jews, which will have to finally dismantle JUDAISM and, possibly, organize the HOLOCAUST - a large-scale liquidation of the Jews as carriers of vicious racial karma.
The author gives numerous examples of the total infiltration of even Orthodox Jewish circles by New Agers. The scale of the AQUARIUS CONSPIRACY is staggering, with many "non-religious Jews" taking an active part in it, so some researchers consider the NEW AGE movement to be one of the offspring of Judaism. Nevertheless, Hannah Newman is convinced that JUDAISM (along with Christianity and Islam) will become its main victim. The main allies of the Orthodox Jews in the fight against the Conspiracy are, in her opinion, the Christian Evangelists, thanks to their ideological closeness to the Jews and BIBLICAL FANATISM shared by both groups. "

"Ur-Ki" is the name of the oldest capital in the world; capitals of Russian, Jewish, Ukrainian, German, French, Italian, English, Swedish, Danish, Russian, Armenian, Georgian, Azerbaijani, Iranian, Iraqi, Indian, Chinese, Tibetan, Egyptian, Libyan, Spanish, American and almost all other peoples of the world ...

"Ur-Ki" - this is the oldest name of Kiev, which at first was located just below the Dnieper (in the Cherkassy region, where the ruins of the largest and most ancient city in the world were recently found), and now it is the capital of Ukraine, the sacred city of the first ancestors - Kiev ...
The name of the most ancient primary capital of the world "Ur-Ki" consists of ancient Russian words - the word "Ur" and the word "Ki". "Ur" is the name of the Old Russian God the Son, his parents and creators of all things are considered God the Father (the Most High) and the Goddess Mother (Agni), in the primordial element of fire (Sva) who gave birth from the Unmanifest world of images to the Manifested world - that is, who gave birth God the Son of Ur, which is the entire visible Universe. In the sacred texts of the Russian Religion, it is said that Ur in its evolution reached the highest form - man. Man is Ur, that is, in form and content, man is the entire known and unknown Universe. Man is the whole immortal Universe and he is outside of time and space, he is infinite and eternal. Ur and Man are Light, One and Eternal. And as it is written in the Kiev Rig Veda: “We left the Light and we will go into the Light ...” This means that the ancient Rus believed that man would continue his evolution and a “radiant humanity” would arise, where man would finally develop into a God-man Ur and in form will represent a thinking intelligent matter in the form of an immortal radiant Light, capable of creating any form.

I have to stop at. Old Russian interpretation of the word "Ur" by what was briefly reported above. I will add that in antiquity (and in the East to this day, which not everyone knows) our self-name was "Uruses" or often even simpler "Ury". Hence the words: "culture" (the cult of Ur); “Ancestors” (great-ury); Ural (Ural); Uristan (camp of Ur) and thousands of other words in almost all languages ​​of the world. The most ancient symbols of Ur have survived to this day: the battle cry of Russian soldiers "Hurray!" and a rotating fiery swastika, elements of which are depicted in the surviving temples of Sophia - the Sacred Old Russian Wisdom (in Kiev, Novgorod, Baghdad, Jerusalem and thousands of other Russian cities on all continents of the world).

The word “Ki” in Old Russian means “land = territory”, therefore the name of ancient Kiev - “Ur-Ki” in modern Russian means “Divine Land of the First Ancestors”. Thus, the origin of the modern word "Kiev", is not at all from the legendary Prince Kyi, as the enemies of the Russian people are deceiving, and therefore up to the Middle Ages (when there was a falsified correspondence of the entire world history in favor of our enemies with the destruction of everything Old Russian and the fabrication of false ancient "books "," Monuments ", etc.) in all ancient books in all languages ​​Kiev was most often called" Mother City ". The expressions "Earth-Mother" and "Kiev-Mother" have survived to this day, contrary to the wishes of our enemies. And the expression: "Kiev is the Mother of Russian cities!" any schoolboy in the world knows. I draw your attention to "Mother of Russian cities!" And then the enemies of the Russian people so falsified historical science that even those of them who consider themselves "historians" write books about the mysterious "ancestral home of the Aryans", the mysterious "Indo-European civilization", "Northern Hyperborea", the incomprehensible "Trypillian culture" is unknown where did the "Great Mongolia" (Great Tartary = Great Mogolia = Great Russia, etc.) come from and in all these "scientific works" there is no Kiev, which means there is no MOTHER and there is no GOD.

As a result of Russian military campaigns in Europe, China, India, Mesopotamia, Palestine, Egypt and others, our ancient culture significantly influenced these peoples. In the art of many peoples, the ancient Russian "animal style", "cosmogonic cross", "magic swastika", the image of the "secret wheel of history", the heads of horses in the "vortex cosmic movement" were manifested; the image of the sword; the image of a rider piercing the dragon with a spear, where the dragon symbolizes world evil; the image of the "Mother Goddess", where Agni was meant - "the goddess of the Fiery Cosmos"; the image of a deer symbolizing the spiritualized beauty of nature, etc. It is not for nothing that modern scientists-archaeologists find the image of the Russian deer-Rusyn and Russian iron swords all over the world - from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean and from Egypt and India to the Arctic.

Since ancient times, swastika symbolism has been the main and dominant among almost all peoples on the territory of Eurasia: Slavs, Germans, Mari, Pomors, Skalvians, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashes, Indians, Icelanders, Scots and many others.

In many ancient Beliefs and religions, the Swastika is the most important and lightest cult symbol. So, in ancient Indian philosophy and Buddhism, the Swastika is a symbol of the eternal cycle of the universe, a symbol of the Buddha Law, to which everything is subject. (Dictionary "Buddhism", M., "Republic", 1992); in Tibetan Lamaism - a protective symbol, a symbol of happiness and a talisman.
In India and Tibet, the Swastika is depicted everywhere: on the walls and gates of temples, on residential buildings, as well as on fabrics in which all sacred texts and tablets are wrapped. Very often, the sacred texts from the Book of the Dead are framed with swastika ornaments, which are written on the funeral covers, before croodying (cremation).

The swastika, what is the most ancient figurative meaning it carries, what it meant for many millennia and now means for the Slavs and Aryans and the multitude of peoples inhabiting our Earth. In these media, alien to the Slavs, the Swastika is called either a German cross or a fascist sign and its image and meaning are relegated only to Adolf Hitler, Germany in 1933-45, to fascism (National Socialism) and the Second World War. Modern "journalists", "is-Toriks" and guardians of "universal human values" seem to have forgotten that the Swastika is the most ancient Russian symbol, that in past times, representatives of the highest authorities, in order to enlist the support of the people, always made the Swastika a state symbol and put its image on money ...

Now, few people know that the matrices of the 250-ruble banknote, with the image of the Swastika symbol - Kolovrat against the background of a two-headed eagle, were made according to a special order and sketches of the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II. The Provisional Government used these matrices to issue banknotes in denominations of 250, and then 1000 rubles. Beginning in 1918, the Bolsheviks put into circulation new banknotes in denominations of 5,000 and 10,000 rubles, which depict three Kolovrat Swastikas: two smaller Kolovrat in lateral ties are intertwined with large numbers 5,000, 10,000, and a large Kolovrat is placed in the middle. But, unlike the 1000 rubles of the Provisional Government, which depicted the State Duma on the reverse side, the Bolsheviks placed a two-headed eagle on the banknotes. Money with the Swastika-Kolovrat was printed by the Bolsheviks and was in use until 1923, and only after the appearance of banknotes of the USSR, they were withdrawn from circulation.

The authorities of Soviet Russia, in order to gain support in Siberia, created in 1918 armbands for the soldiers of the Red Army of the Southeastern Front, they depicted the Swastika with the abbreviation RSF.S.R. inside. But they did the same: the Russian Government of A. V. Kolchak, calling under the banner of the Siberian Volunteer Corps; Russian émigrés in Harbin and Paris, and then the National Socialists in Germany.

The party symbols and the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party) flag, created in 1921 based on sketches by Adolf Hitler, later became the state symbols of Germany (1933-1945). In Mein Kampf, Hitler describes in detail how this symbol was chosen. He personally determined the final form of the swastika and developed a version of the banner, which became the model for all subsequent party flags. Hitler believed that a new flag should be as effective as a political poster. The Fuehrer also writes about the colors for the party flag, which were considered, but were rejected. White "was not a color that captivates the masses", but was most suitable for "virtuous spinsters and for all kinds of lean unions." Black was also rejected as it was far from attracting attention. The combination of blue and white was excluded because they were the official colors of Bavaria. The black and white combination was also unacceptable. A black-red-gold banner was out of the question, since it was used by the Weimar Republic. Black, white and red in their old combination were inappropriate due to the fact that they "represented the old Reich, perished as a result of its own weaknesses and mistakes." Nevertheless, Hitler chose these three colors, since they, in his opinion, were better than all the others ("this is the most powerful color chord that is possible at all"). Not any swastika fits the definition of "Nazi" symbolism, but only a four-pointed one, standing on an edge at 45 °, with the ends directed to the right side. It was such a sign that was on the state banner of National Socialist Germany from 1933 to 1945, as well as on the emblems of civil and military services. Few people now know that in Germany the National Socialists did not use the Swastika, but a symbol similar to it in outline - Hakenkreuz, which has a completely different figurative meaning - a change in the surrounding world and a person's worldview.

By the way, in the minds of the soldiers who saw the crosses on the Wehrmacht tanks during World War II, it was these Wehrmacht crosses that were fascist crosses and Nazi symbols.

Over the course of many millennia, various designs of swastika symbols have had a powerful influence on the way of life of people, on their psyche (Soul) and subconsciousness, uniting representatives of various tribes for some bright purpose; gave a powerful influx of light divine forces, revealing the internal reserves in people for all-round creation for the good of their Clans, in the name of justice, prosperity and well-being of their Fatherland.

At first, only priests of various clan cults, religions and religions used this, then representatives of the highest state power began to use swastika symbols - princes, kings, etc., and after them all sorts of occultists and political figures turned to the Swastika.

After the Bolsheviks completely seized all levels of power, the need for the support of the Soviet regime by the Russian people disappeared, because it is easier to withdraw the values ​​created by the same Russian people. Therefore, in 1923, the Bolsheviks abandoned the Swastika, leaving only the five-pointed star, the Hammer and Sickle, as state symbols.

In February 1925, the Kuna Indians expelled the Panamanian gendarmes from their territory, announcing the creation of the independent Republic of Tula, on whose banner it was. "Tula" translates as "people", the self-name of the tribe, and the swastika is their ancient symbol. In 1942, the flag was slightly changed so as not to evoke associations with Germany: a "nose ring" was put on the swastika, "because everyone knows that Germans do not wear nose rings." Subsequently, the Kuna-Tula swastika returned to its original version and is still a symbol of the republic's independence.

Until 1933 (the year the Nazis came to power), the writer Rudyard Kipling used the swastika as his personal coat of arms. For him, she embodied Strength, Beauty, Originality and Illumination. Thanks to Paul Klee, the swastika became the emblem of the avant-garde art and architectural association "Bauhaus".

In 1995, there was an incident in Glendale, California, when a small group of anti-fascist fanatics tried to force the city authorities to replace 930 (!) Lamp posts installed between 1924 and 1926. The reason: the cast-iron pedestals are surrounded by an ornament of 17 swastikas. The local Historical Society had to prove with documents in hand that the pillars purchased at one time from the Union Metal Company of Canton (Ohio) had nothing to do with the Nazis, and therefore could not offend anyone's feelings. The swastika design was based on both classical art and local traditions of the Navajo Indians, for whom the swastika has long served as an auspicious sign. In addition to Glendale, similar poles were erected elsewhere in the county in the 1920s.
The main symbol of fascism is undoubtedly the fasias (from the Latin fascis, bunch), which Benito Mussolini borrowed from Ancient Rome. The fascia consisted of rods tied with a leather belt, with a lictor's hatchet embedded inside. Such bunches of lictors (servants under the higher magistrates and some priests) were carried in front of the state person accompanying them. The rods symbolized the right to punishment, the ax of execution. Inside Rome, the ax was removed, since here the people were the supreme authority for death sentences. When Mussolini founded his Italian Nationalist Movement in March 1919, his banner was the tricolor with the lictor hatchet, symbolizing the unity of the military veterans. The organization was named "Fache di Combatimento" and served as the basis for the creation in 1922 of the fascist party. It should be remembered that fasces are a common decorative element of the Classicism style, in which many buildings of the 18th and early 19th centuries were built. (including in St. Petersburg and Moscow), so their use in the context of this style is not "fascist". In addition, the fascia with hatchets and a Phrygian cap became a symbol of the French Revolution of 1789.
The number of Nazi symbols can include specific emblems of the SS, Gestapo and other organizations operating under the auspices of the Third Reich. But the elements that make up these emblems (runes, oak leaves, wreaths, etc.) should not be prohibited by themselves.

A sad case of "swastikophobia" is the regular (since 1995) felling of larch trees in the public sector of the forest near Zernikov (60 miles north of Berlin). Planted in 1938 by a local entrepreneur, larch trees formed a yellow pine swastika every fall in the midst of evergreen pines. The swastika of 57 larch trees with an area of ​​360 m ^ 2 could only be seen from the air. After the reunification of Germany, the question of logging arose in 1992, and the first trees were destroyed in 1995. According to the Associated Press and Reuters, 25 out of 57 larches had been felled by 2000, but authorities and the public are concerned that the symbol can still be seen. The matter is really serious: young shoots creep from the remaining roots. Pity here is caused, first of all, by people whose hatred has reached the verge of psychosis.

Sanskrit exclamation "swasti!" translates, in particular, as "good!" to this day it sounds in the rituals of Hinduism, framing the pronunciation of the sacred syllable AUM ("AUM Tackle!"). Analyzing the word "swastika", Gustave Dumoutier decomposed it into three syllables: su-auti-ka. ou is the root meaning good, good, superlative or suridas, prosperity. Auti is the present tense of the third person singular from the verb as "to be" (Latin sum). Ka is a substantive suffix.
The Sanskrit name suastika, wrote Max Müller to Heinrich Schliemann, approximates the Greek "perhaps," "may," "allowed." There is an Anglo-Saxon name for the Fylfot swastika sign, which R.F. Greg produced from fower fot, four-footed, i.e. "Four" or "many-legged". The word Fylfot itself is of Scandinavian origin and consists of the Old Norse fiel, the equivalent of the Anglo-Saxon fela, the German viel ("many") and fotr, foot ("leg"), i.e. "Multi-legged" figure. However, in the scientific literature, both Fylfot, and the above-mentioned "tetraskelis" with a gamma cross, and mistakenly identified with the swastika "hammer of Thor" (Mjollnir) were gradually replaced by the Sanskrit name.

According to M. Müller, the right-sided gamma cross (suastika) is a sign of light, life, holiness and well-being, which corresponds in nature to the spring, arriving sun. The left-hand sign, suavastika, on the other hand, expresses darkness, doom, evil and destruction; it corresponds to a waning, autumn luminary. We find a similar line of reasoning in the Indologist Charles Birdwood. Suastika - daytime sun, active state, day, summer, light, life and glory; this set of concepts is expressed in Sanskrit pradakshina, manifests itself through the masculine principle, patronized by the god Ganesha. Suavastika is also the sun, but underground or nocturnal, passive state, winter, darkness, death and obscurity; it corresponds to the Sanskrit prasavya, the feminine principle and the goddess Kali. In the annual solar cycle, the left-sided swastika is a symbol of the summer solstice, from which daylight begins to decrease, and the right-sided winter one, from which the day gains strength. The main traditions of mankind (Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, etc.) contain both right- and left-sided swastikas, which are assessed not on the "good-evil" scale, but as two sides of a single process. Thus, “destruction” is not “evil” in the dualistic sense for Eastern metaphysics, but only the reverse side of creation, and so on.

In ancient times, when our Ancestors used the ‘Aryan Runes, the word Swastika was translated as Coming from Heaven. Since Runa - SVA meant Heaven (hence Svarog - Heavenly God), - S - Rune of direction; Runes - TIKA - movement, coming, current, running. Our children and grandchildren still pronounce the word tick, i.e. run away. In addition, the figurative form - TIKA is still found in everyday words Arctic, Antarctica, mysticism, homiletics, politics, etc.

I am closer to the traditional version of the Aryan decoding of the word.

Su asti ka: su asti is a greeting, a wish for good luck, prosperity, ka is a prefix denoting a particularly sincere attitude.

The word "swastika" in Sanskrit means the following: "svasti" (स्वस्ति) - greeting, wish of luck, "su" (सु) in translation means "good, good", and "asti" (अस्ति), which means "to be, to be ".

Few people now remember that on Soviet money in the period from 1917 to 1923 the Swastika was depicted as a legalized state symbolism; that on the sleeve patches of the soldiers and officers of the Red Army in the same period there was also a Swastika in a laurel wreath, and inside the Swastika were the letters RSF.S.R. There is even an opinion that the Golden Swastika-Kolovrat, as a party symbol, was presented to Adolf Hitler by Comrade I.V. Stalin in 1920. So many legends and speculations have accumulated around this ancient symbol that we decided to tell in more detail about this ancient solar cult symbol on Earth.

The swastika symbol is a rotating cross with curved ends pointing clockwise or counterclockwise. As a rule, now all over the world all Swastika symbols are called with one word - SWASTIKA, which is fundamentally wrong, because each Swastika symbol in ancient times had its own name, purpose, protective power and figurative meaning.

Swastika symbolism, as the most ancient, is most often found in archaeological excavations. More often than other symbols, it was found in ancient burial mounds, on the ruins of ancient cities and settlements. In addition, they were depicted on various details of architecture, weapons, and household utensils by many peoples of the world. Swastika symbolism is ubiquitous in ornamentation, as a sign of Light, Sun, Love, Life. In the West, there was even an interpretation that the Swastika symbol must be understood as an abbreviation of four words starting with the Latin letter "L": Light - Light, Sun; Love - Love; Life - Life; Luck - Fate, Luck, Happiness (see postcard below).

English greeting card of the early 20th century

The oldest archaeological artifacts depicting swastika symbols now date back to about 4-15 millennia BC. (below is a vessel from the Scythian Kingdom 3-4 thousand BC). According to the materials of archaeological excavations, Russia and Siberia are the richest territories for the use of the swastika, both for religious and cultural purposes of the symbol.

Neither Europe, nor India, nor Asia can compare with Russia or Siberia in the abundance of swastika symbols covering Russian weapons, banners, national costumes, household utensils, household and agricultural items, as well as houses and temples. Excavations of ancient burial mounds, cities and settlements speak for themselves - many ancient Slavic cities had a clear Swastika shape, oriented to the four cardinal points. This can be seen in the example of Vendogard and others (below is the reconstruction plan of Arkaim).

Reconstruction plan of Arkaim L.L. Gurevich

The swastika and swastika-solar symbols were the main and, one might even say, almost the only elements of the most ancient Proto-Slavic ornaments. But this does not mean at all that the Slavs and Aryans were bad artists.

Firstly, there were a great many varieties of the image of Swastika symbols. Secondly, in ancient times, not a single pattern was applied to any object just like that, because each element of the pattern corresponded to a certain cult or protective (amulet) value, tk. each symbol in the pattern had its own mystical power.

By combining together various mystical forces, white people created around themselves and their loved ones a favorable atmosphere in which it was easiest to live and create. These were carved patterns, stucco molding, painting, beautiful carpets, woven by hardworking hands (see photo below).

Traditional Celtic carpet with swastika pattern

But not only Arians and Slavs believed in the mystical power of swastika patterns. The same symbols were found on earthenware vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC.

Swastika symbols in levorotatory and dextrorotatory forms are found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River Basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC.

In Northeast Africa, archaeologists have found a funerary stele of the kingdom of Meros, which existed in the II-III centuries AD. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife, the Swastika flaunts on the clothes of the deceased.

A rotating cross adorns both the golden weights for the scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and the clay utensils of the ancient Indians, beautiful carpets woven by the Persians and Celts.

Hand-made belts, created by the Komi, Russians, themselves, Latvians, Lithuanians and other peoples, are also filled with swastika symbols, and, at present, even an ethnographer finds it difficult to figure out which of the peoples these ornaments belong to. Judge for yourself.

Since ancient times, the swastika symbolism has been the main and dominant among almost all peoples on the territory of Eurasia: Slavs, Germans, Mari, Pomors, Skalvians, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashes, Indians, Icelanders, Scots and many others.

In many ancient Beliefs and religions, the Swastika is the most important and lightest cult symbol. So, in ancient Indian philosophy and Buddhism (below the Buddha's Foot). The swastika is a symbol of the eternal cycle of the universe, a symbol of the Buddha Law, to which everything is subject. (Dictionary "Buddhism", M., "Republic", 1992); in Tibetan Lamaism - a protective symbol, a symbol of happiness and a talisman.

In India and Tibet, the Swastika is depicted everywhere: on the walls and gates of temples (see photo below), on residential buildings, as well as on fabrics in which all sacred texts and tablets are wrapped. Very often, the sacred texts from the Book of the Dead are framed with swastika ornaments, which are written on the funeral covers, before croodying (cremation).

At the gates of the Vedic Temple. North India, 2000

Warships in the roadstead (in the inland sea). XVIII century

The image of a multitude of Swastikas, you can observe, both on an old Japanese engraving of the 18th century (photo above), and on unmatched mosaic floors in the halls of the St. Petersburg Hermitage and other places (photo below).

Pavilion Hall of the Hermitage. Mosaic floor. year 2001

But you will not find any messages about this in the media, because they have no idea what the Swastika is, what ancient figurative meaning it carries in itself, what it meant for many millennia and now means for the Slavs and Aryans and many peoples inhabiting our Earth.

In these media, alien to the Slavs, the Swastika is called either a German cross or a fascist sign and its image and meaning are reduced only to Adolf Hitler, Germany in 1933-45, to fascism (National Socialism) and the Second World War.

Modern “journalists”, “historians” and guardians of “universal human values” seem to have forgotten that the Swastika is the oldest Russian symbol, that in the past, representatives of the highest authorities, in order to enlist the support of the people, always made the Swastika a state symbol and put its image on money.

A banknote of 250 rubles of the Provisional Government. 1917 g.

A banknote of 1000 rubles of the Provisional Government. 1917 g.

A banknote of 5000 rubles of the Soviet Government. 1918 g.

A banknote of 10,000 rubles from the Soviet Government. 1918 g.

So did the princes and tsars, the Provisional Government and the Bolsheviks, who later seized power from them.

Now few people know that the matrices of a 250-ruble banknote with the image of the Swastika symbol - Kolovrat - against the background of a two-headed eagle, were made according to a special order and sketches of the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II.

The Provisional Government used these matrices to issue banknotes in denominations of 250, and then 1000 rubles.

Beginning in 1918, the Bolsheviks put into circulation new banknotes in denominations of 5000 and 10,000 rubles, which depict three Kolovrat Swastikas: two smaller Kolovrat in lateral ties are intertwined with large numbers 5000, 10,000, and a large Kolovrat is placed in the middle.

But, unlike the 1000 rubles of the Provisional Government, which depicted the State Duma on the reverse side, the Bolsheviks placed a two-headed eagle on the banknotes. Money with the Swastika-Kolovrat was printed by the Bolsheviks and was in use until 1923, and only after the appearance of banknotes of the USSR, they were withdrawn from circulation.

The authorities of Soviet Russia, in order to gain support in Siberia, created in 1918 armbands for the soldiers of the Red Army of the Southeastern Front, they depicted the Swastika with the abbreviation RSF.S.R. inside.

But also did: the Russian Government A.V. Kolchak, calling under the banner of the Siberian Volunteer Corps; Russian émigrés in Harbin and Paris, and then the National Socialists in Germany.

The party symbols and the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party) flag, created in 1921 based on sketches by Adolf Hitler, later became the state symbols of Germany (1933-1945).

Few people now know that in Germany the National Socialists did not use the Swastika, but a symbol similar to it in outline - Hakenkreuz, which has a completely different figurative meaning - a change in the surrounding world and a person's worldview.

Over the course of many millennia, various designs of swastika symbols have had a powerful influence on the way of life of people, on their psyche (Soul) and subconsciousness, uniting representatives of different tribes for some bright purpose; gave a powerful influx of light divine forces, revealing the internal reserves in people for all-round creation for the good of their Clans, in the name of justice, prosperity and well-being of their Fatherland.

At first, only the priests of various clan cults, religions and religions used this, then representatives of the highest state power began to use swastika symbols - princes, kings, etc., and after them all sorts of occultists and political figures turned to the Swastika.

After the Bolsheviks completely seized all levels of power, the need for the support of the Soviet regime by the Russian people disappeared, because it is easier to withdraw the values ​​created by the same Russian people. Therefore, in 1923, the Bolsheviks abandoned the Swastika, leaving only the five-pointed star, the Hammer and Sickle, as state symbols.

In ancient times, when our Ancestors used, the word Swastika was translated as Coming from Heaven. Since Runa - SVA meant Heaven (hence Svarog - Heavenly God), - S - Rune of direction; Runes - TIKA - movement, coming, current, running. Our children and grandchildren still pronounce the word tick, i.e. run away. In addition, the figurative form - TIKA - is still found in everyday words Arctic, Antarctica, mysticism, homiletics, politics, etc.

Ancient Vedic sources tell us that even our galaxy has the shape of a Swastika, and our Yarila-Sun system is located in one of the arms of this Heavenly Swastika. And since we are in the galactic arm, our entire galaxy (its most ancient name is Svasti) is perceived by us as Perunov Way or the Milky Way.

Anyone who loves to look at the night scattering of stars can see the constellation Swastika to the left of the constellation Makosha (B. Bear) (see below). It shines in the skies, but it has been excluded from modern star charts and atlases.

As a cult and household solar symbol bringing happiness, good luck, prosperity, joy and prosperity, the Swastika was originally used only among white people of the Great Race, professing the Old Faith of the Ancestors - Ingliism, druidic cults of Ireland, Scotland, Scandinavia.

The legacy of the Ancestors carried the news that for many millennia the Slavs used Swastika symbols. There were 144 species of them: Swastika, Kolovrat, Posolon, Svyata Dar, Svasti, Svaor, Solntsevrat, Agni, Fash, Mara; Inglia, Sun Cross, Solard, Vedara, Light Flight, Fern Flower, Perunov Tsvet, Swati, Race, Goddess, Svarozhich, Svyatoch, Yarovrat, Odolen-Grass, Rodimich, Charovrat, etc.

One could still enumerate, but it is better to consider further briefly several Solar Swastika symbols: their outline and Figurative meaning.

Vedic symbols of the Slavic-Aryans and their meaning

Various variations of Swastika symbols with no less different meanings are found not only in cult and amulet symbols, but also in the form of Runes, which, like letters in ancient times, had their own figurative meaning. So, for example, in the ancient Kh'Aryan Karuna, i.e. In the Runic alphabet, there were four Runes with the image of the Swastika elements:

Runa Fache - had a figurative meaning: a powerful, directional, destructive Fiery stream (thermonuclear fire) ...

Runa Agni - had figurative meanings: the Sacred Fire of the hearth, as well as the Sacred Fire of Life, which is in the human body, and other meanings ...

Runa Mara - had a figurative meaning: the Ice Flame guarding the Peace of the Universe. The rune of transition from the World of Revelation to the World of Light Navi (Glory), incarnation in a new Life ... Symbol of Winter and Sleep.

Rune Inglia - had the figurative meaning of the Primary Fire of the Creation of the Universe, from this Fire appeared many different Universes and various forms of Life ...

Swastika symbols carry a huge secret meaning. They contain tremendous Wisdom. Each Swastika symbol opens before us the Great picture of the universe.

The legacy of the Ancestors says that the knowledge of Ancient Wisdom does not accept a stereotyped approach. The study of ancient symbols and ancient Legends must be approached with an open heart and a pure Soul.

Not for the sake of self-interest, but for knowledge!

Swastika symbols in Russia, for political purposes, were used by all and sundry: monarchists, Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, but much earlier representatives of the Black Hundred began to use their Swastika, then the Russian fascist party in Harbin intercepted the baton. At the end of the 20th century, the organization Russian National Unity began to use Swastika symbols (see below).

A knowledgeable person never says that the Swastika is a German or fascist symbol. So they say only the essence of unreasonable and ignorant people, because they reject what they are not able to understand and cognize, and also try to pass off the wishful thinking.

But if ignorant people reject any symbol or any information, this still does not mean that this symbol or information does not exist.

Denial or distortion of the truth for the sake of some disrupts the harmonious development of others. Even the ancient symbol of the Greatness of the Fertility of the Mother of the Raw Earth, called SOLARD in antiquity, is considered by some incompetent people to be fascist symbolism. A symbol that appeared many thousands of years before the rise of National Socialism.

At the same time, it is not even taken into account that RNU's SOLARD is combined with the Star of the Lada-Mother of God, where the Divine Forces (Golden Field), the Forces of the Primary Fire (red), Heavenly Forces (blue) and the Forces of Nature (green) are united. The only difference between the original Symbol of Mother Nature and the sign used by RNU is the multi-color of the Primary Symbol of Mother Nature and the two-color of the Russian National Unity.

Ordinary people had their own names for Swastika symbols. In the villages of the Ryazan province, it was called "feather grass" - the embodiment of the Wind; on Pechora - "a hare", here the graphic symbol was perceived as a particle of the Sun's light, a ray, a Sunbeam; in some places the Solar Cross was called "horse", "horse shank" (horse's head), because a long time ago the horse was considered a symbol of the Sun and Wind; were called Swastikas-Solarniks and "firestorms", again, in honor of Yarila-Sun. The people very correctly felt both the Fiery, Flaming Nature of the symbol (the Sun), and its Spiritual essence (Wind).

The oldest master of Khokhloma painting, Stepan Pavlovich Veseloe (1903-1993) from the village of Mogushino, Nizhny Novgorod region, observing traditions, painted the Swastika on wooden plates and bowls, calling it a “mushroom”, the Sun, and explained: “This is the wind that shakes and moves the blade of grass.”

In the photo, you can see swastika symbols even on a carved cutting board.

In the village, to this day, smart girls and women wear shirts for holidays, and men wear blouse, embroidered with swastika symbols of various shapes. Lush loaves and sweet biscuits are baked, decorated on top with Kolovrat, Salting, Solstice and other Swastika patterns.

As mentioned earlier, before the second half of the 20th century, the main and almost the only patterns and symbols that existed in Slavic embroidery were Swastika ornaments.

But in the second half of the XX century, in America, Europe and the USSR they began to resolutely eradicate this Solar symbol, and eradicated it in the same way as they had previously eradicated: the ancient folk Slavic and Aryan Culture; ancient Faith and folk traditions; true, undistorted by the rulers Heritage of the Ancestors, and the long-suffering Slavic people themselves, the bearer of the ancient Slavic-Aryan Culture.

And now they are trying to prohibit any kind of rotating Solar Crosses in many respects by the same people or their descendants, but using different pretexts: if earlier this was done under the pretext of class struggle and anti-Soviet conspiracies, now it is a fight against the manifestation of extremist activity.

For those who are not indifferent to the ancient Native Great Russian Culture, there are several typical patterns of Slavic embroidery of the 18th-20th centuries. On all enlarged fragments you can see Swastika symbols and ornaments yourself.

The use of swastika symbols in ornaments in the Slavic lands is simply incalculable. They are used in the Baltics, Belarus, the Volga region, Pomorie, Perm, Siberia, the Caucasus, the Urals, Altai and the Far East and other regions.

Academician B.A. Rybakov called the Solar Symbol - Kolovrat - a link between the Paleolithic, where it first appeared, and modern ethnography, which provides an innumerable number of examples of swastika patterns in fabrics, embroidery and weaving.

But after the Second World War, in which Russia, as well as all the Slavic and Aryan peoples suffered huge losses, the enemies of the Aryan and Slavic Cultures began to equate fascism and the Swastika.

The Slavs used this Solar Sign throughout their entire existence.

Streams of lies and fiction about the Swastika overflowed the cup of absurdity. "Russian teachers" in modern schools, lyceums and gymnasiums in Russia teach children that the Swastika is a German fascist cross, made up of four letters "G" denoting the first letters of the leaders of Nazi Germany: Hitler, Himmler, Goering and Goebbels (sometimes it is replaced by Hess ).

Listening to the teachers, one might think that Germany during the time of Adolf Hitler used exclusively the Russian alphabet, and not at all the Latin script and the German Runic.

Is there at least one Russian letter "G" in German surnames: HITLER, HIMMLER, GERING, GEBELS (HESS) - no! But the stream of lies does not stop.

Swastika patterns and elements have been used by the peoples of the Earth over the past 10-15 thousand years, which is confirmed even by archaeological scientists.

Ancient thinkers more than once said: "Two troubles hinder human development: ignorance and ignorance." Our Ancestors were knowledgeable and knowledgeable, and therefore used various Swastika elements and ornaments in everyday life, considering them symbols of Yarila-Sun, Life, Happiness and prosperity.

In general, only one symbol was called the Swastika. It is an equilateral cross with curved short beams. Each beam has a 2: 1 ratio.

Only narrow-minded and ignorant people can denigrate everything that is pure, light and dear that remains with the Slavic and Aryan peoples.

Let's not become like them! Do not paint over the Swastika symbols in the ancient Slavic temples and Christian temples, on the Images of the Many-wise Ancestors.

Do not destroy, at the whim of ignoramuses and Slav-haters, the so-called "Soviet staircase", the mosaic floor and ceilings of the Hermitage or the domes of the Moscow Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed, just because various versions of the Swastika have been painted on them for hundreds of years.

Everyone knows that the Slavic prince Prophetic Oleg nailed his shield on the gates of Constantinople (Constantinople), but few people now know what was depicted on the shield. However, a description of the symbolism of his shield and armor can be found in the historical chronicles (Figure of the Prophetic Oleg's shield below).

Prophetic people, that is, those possessing the gift of Spiritual Foresight and knowing the Ancient Wisdom, which they left to people, were endowed by the Priests with various symbols. One of these most notable people was the Slavic prince - Prophetic Oleg.

In addition to being a prince and an excellent military strategist, he was also a high-level priest. The symbolism that was depicted on his clothes, weapons, armor and the princely banner tells about this in all detailed images.

The Fiery Swastika (symbolizing the land of the Ancestors) in the center of the nine-pointed Star of Inglia (the symbol of the Faith of the Ancestors) was surrounded by the Great Kolo (Circle of Patron Gods), which radiated eight rays of Spiritual Light (the eighth degree of Priestly initiation) to the Svarog Circle. All this symbolism spoke of a tremendous Spiritual and physical strength, which is directed to the protection of the Native land and the Holy Old Faith.

They believed in the Swastika as a talisman that "attracts" good luck and happiness. In Ancient Russia, it was believed that if you draw Kolovrat on the palm of your hand, you will definitely get lucky. Even modern students draw the Swastika in the palm of their hand before exams. The swastika was also painted on the walls of the house, so that happiness reigned there, this exists in Russia, and in Siberia, and in India.

For those readers who wish to receive more information about the Swastika, we recommend the Ethnoreligical Studies by Roman Vladimirovich Bagdasarov "SWASTIKA: A Sacred Symbol".

One generation replaces another, state systems and regimes collapse, but as long as the People remember their Ancient Roots, honor the traditions of their Great Ancestors, preserve their Ancient culture and symbols, until that time the People are ALIVE and will LIVE!

Views: 13 658

Encyclopedia of delusions. Third Reich Likhacheva Larisa Borisovna

Swastika. Who Invented the Fascist Cross?

They don't even need grave crosses -

Crosses on the wings will also come down ...

Vladimir Vysotsky "Two songs about one air battle"

Many believe that the main symbol of the Third Reich - a black swastika on a red background - was invented by Hitler himself or people from his inner circle. But in fact, such an opinion is nothing more than a delusion. The Nazi shrine, like other attributes of Nazi Germany, existed long before the possessed Fuhrer came to power and did not initially carry such a sinister meaning.

The main emblem of the Third Reich has a long history. It was widespread in Iran as early as the 6th millennium. BC NS. Later, the swastika was found in the Far East, in Central and Southeast Asia, in Tibet and Japan. It was also widely used by pre-Hellenic Greece. In Kievan Rus this sign, called "Kolovrat", was also very popular. The swastika did not pass by the indigenous inhabitants of the American continents. And the peoples of the Caucasus and the Baltic Pomors used it as an element of ornamentation even at the beginning of the 20th century.

Naturally, all this time, the cross with curved ends was not associated with mass murder, destructive war and crimes against humanity. By the way, there is no historical information that this sign was used by the ancient Germanic tribes. The fascists who came to power were looking for a suitable emblem for the Nazi state and, without hesitation, opted for a swastika, christening it with an ancient German, or even an Aryan symbol.

The meaning of this symbol has not been precisely established. There is a version that it was one of the varieties of a cross with broken ends, symbolizing, according to historians, the inner world of a person - a space located between perpendicular intersecting lines. However, the most common view of the swastika is that it is seen as a solar, that is, a sun sign. Ethnographers consider it to be just a harmless symbol of the movement of the heavenly body and the changing seasons.

For some reason, Adolf Hitler saw something fundamentally different in her. In his opinion, the cross with curved ends personified the superiority of the Aryans over other peoples. What guided the German Fuhrer in making such an assessment is a mystery.

Moreover, it is reliably known that the idea to use the swastika as an emblem did not come to Hitler's head. The main symbol of the Third Reich was "presented" by ... the German Masonic lodge! More precisely, its successor is the secret organization "Thule". Initially, this society was engaged in the study and popularization of ancient history and folklore. However, its members kept their nose to the wind and gladly responded to Hitler's ideas. Thule's ideology began to be based on the concept of German racial superiority, anti-Semitism and the Pan-German dream of a powerful new German Reich. All this was thickly "seasoned" with occultism: members of the society performed special ceremonies and magic rituals. Among the symbols used in these rituals was the swastika.

Hitler, who was always interested in the occult, liked this sign, and for a start he decided to make it the emblem of his party. The leader of the NSDAP slightly modified the swastika, and in the summer of 1920 a symbol was born that, two decades later, terrified all of Europe: a black cross with curved ends, inscribed in a white circle on a red background. The red symbolized the social ideals of the party, while the white symbolized the nationalist ones. The cross indicated the victory and supremacy of the Aryan race.

After Hitler came to power, the swastika became an indispensable attribute of the state, official, military and corporate symbols of Germany. The Germans treasured this "sign of superiority" so much that in 1935 a special decree was even issued "On prohibiting Jews from hanging a flag with a swastika." Apparently, the Nazis believed that by their touch, "racially impure" elements would desecrate their shrine.

During the years of the Third Reich, the swastika was used everywhere: on banknotes, dishes, souvenirs. The streets of German cities were hung with flags and banners with this sign during any festivities, and they were hung so tightly that passers-by began to ripple in the eyes. However, sometimes the Nazi shrine was not used for its intended purpose: a lady's dress was considered the squeak of fashion, the fabric of which was decorated with an ornament of thousands of small crosses.

Perhaps the swastika would have remained a symbol of the sun, fire and fertility. If not for the Second World War, with the beginning of which, thanks to Hitler, it definitely ceased to be "sunny".

More organic and appropriate from the point of view of racial theory was the use of the runes by the Nazis, which were the basis of the writing of the ancient Germanic and Scandinavian peoples. As you know, since ancient times, runic signs were not only letters, but also had a magical meaning - they were used for fortune telling and as protective amulets. Historians believe that by introducing runes into everyday life, Hitler and his entourage tried not only to develop patriotism among the inhabitants of Germany, but also hoped to use runic signs as a magic weapon. True, the Fuehrer interpreted them selectively: he left only those values ​​that corresponded to his worldview. So, the Zig rune, the double image of which became the "logo" of the SS, in the canonical interpretation meant the desire for light and the enrichment of the spiritual world, as well as the flourishing of creative abilities. Naturally, the valiant SS men did not need such qualities, therefore, in Hitler's interpretation, the "lightning" rune meant thunder, lightning and, again, the superiority of the Aryan race.

The "rented" symbols also include the eagle and oak branches. The authorship of these signs dates back to the Roman Empire. Decorating the coat of arms of the German Reich, Hitler swung, no less, at the most common attributes of the power of the Roman Caesars.

Such an ominous insignia, like a skull ("dead head"), the Nazis borrowed from the near-Masonic order - the Rosicrucians. Moreover, at first this gloomy image symbolized, in the opinion of its "discoverers", the victory of the spirit over mortal matter. Remember the medieval philosophers who pondered with a skull in their hands on the theme: "Poor Yorick ..."? But in the hands, or rather, on the fingers of the SS officers, who placed the "dead head" on silver rings, this sign acquired a completely different meaning. He became the embodiment of cruelty, destruction and death.

So do not be mistaken: the Nazis did not themselves come up with the symbolism of the "millennial" Reich. All signs and attributes used by them have existed for a long time and were used for much more humane purposes.