What did Van Gogh drew. Vincent Van Goghography

Van Gogh Vincent (Van Gogh Vincent), Dutch painter. In 1869-1876 he served as a fellow art and trading company in the Hague, Brussels, London, Paris, in 1876 he worked as a teacher in England. Van Gogh studied theology, in 1878-1879 was a preacher in the Shakhtar district of Boringe in Belgium. The protection of the interests of miners led Van Gogh to the conflict with the church authorities. In the 1880s, Van Gogh turned to art, visited the Academy of Arts in Brussels (1880-1881) and Antwerp (1885-1886).

Van Gogh used the tips of the painter A. Mauwe in the Hague, with hobby, painted ordinary people, peasants, artisans, prisoners. In a series of paintings and etudes of the mid-1880s ("peasant", 1885, the State Museum of the Kleller-Muller, Otterlo; "Potato Etheries", 1885, Vincent Van Gogh, Amsterdam Foundation), written in the dark picturesque gamme marked with painful-sharp The perception of human suffering and feelings of depression, the artist recreates the oppressive atmosphere of psychological tensions.

In 1886-1888, Van Gogh lived in Paris, visited a private artistic studio, studied the painting of impressionism, Japanese engraving, "synthetic" works of the Gaugaen field. During this period, the Wang Gogh's palette became light, earthy paints disappeared, pure blue, golden yellow, red tones, characteristic of him, dynamic, as if flowing smear ("Bridge over Seine", 1887, "Dad Tangi", 1881). In 1888, Van Gogh moved to Arles, where it was finally determined by the originality of his creative manner. Flaming art temperament, painful glowing to harmony, beauty and happiness and at the same time, the fear of hostile man forces find the embodiment of the south of the scenery ("harvest. Valley of La Cro", 1888), then in the sinister, reminiscent night Nightmare Images ("Night Cafe", 1888, Private Assembly, New York). The dynamics of color and smear in the paintings of Van Gogh fills spiritual life and movement not only nature and inhabiting her people ("Red Vineyards in Arle", 1888, GMI, Moscow), but also inanimate items ("Bedroom Van Gogh in Arles", 1888) .

In recent years, Van Gogh in recent years was accompanied by the attacks of mental illness, which led him to the hospital for mentally ill in Arles, then in Saint-Remy (1889-1890) and in Over-sur-UAZ (1890), where he committed suicide. The work of the last two years of the artist's life was marked by ecstatic obsession, extremely aggravated expression of color combinations, sharp changes in mood - from inflounted despair and gloomy vision ("Road with cypress trees and stars", 1890, Museum of Kreller-Muller, Outerlo) before the reverent feeling of enlightenment and peace ("Landscape in Overah after Rain", 1890, GMI, Moscow).

"Star Night" is recognized as one of the most successful works of the artist. It was created in 1889, when Vincent was in the hospital for mentally ill. The masterpiece of 73.7 cm x 92.1 cm is written in the style of postpressionism on canvas oil.

The magical view of the night sky over the fictional city is better to consider at a distance. The artist often wrote paintings in the technique of impasto, creating large strokes that nearly fold in a solid image.

In the foreground there are cypresses, but the main element in the picture is a beautiful starry sky, we seek so endless compared to the small town.

The picture is part of the New York Collection of Museum of Contemporary Art.

Sunflowers

The artist created this famous picture in 1889. It is filled with light and emotions. However, too bright yellow colors of critics consider the manifestation of the mental illness, which the genius suffered already then.

Careless sunflowers put in a vase drawn vitally, they would like to fix in a vase. They cause strong feelings, as if trying to lead the viewer into the irrational world of the inflamed imagination. Vincent said that some plots tells him a voice sounding from the inside, and he had to draw to drown out these sounds.

The picture is written on canvas with oil using thick smears creating a three-dimensional image.

The work is kept in the meeting of the Philadelphia Museum of Fine Arts.

Iris

On a wonderful picture of Van Gogh, written in 1889 in the clinic for mentally ill, depicted a fragment of a field with flowers on which the irises are the basis of the composition.

The style of the work is different from its other works, gloomy and pessimistic. It is cheerful and easy, similar to the technique of Japanese engravings with thin contours, original angle and unrealisticly painted areas filled with one color.

Objects in the picture are static, but the look unconsciously rushes into the left upper part. A feature of the picture is its symmetric composition in which the irises are located in the midline, and the flowers in the upper left corner are combined with the Earth.

This ingenious work can be seen in the Museum of Ghetty, located in California.

Night cafe

In the picture written in 1888, the interior of the cafe next to the city of Arlya is depicted.

The brilliant idea lies in the fact that the emotional state associated with this place is transmitted using color accents. In the future, such a style will be called expressionism. As Van Gogh explained, he wanted to transfer the atmosphere of the moral drop of drunks and hopeless loneliness with a green color.

The red wall of the walls symbolizes horror and confusion, and yellow reflects the sarture, suffocating, soaked in a cigarette smoke.

Fuzzy silhouettes and negligent outlines of objects create a feeling that the audience looks at everything in the cafe looks at the eyes of one of the davey visitors.

Flowering branches of almonds

In the year of his death, Van Gogh created an excellent product, distinguished by softness and peace. The artist devoted this picture to his newborn nephew. Almond flowers personify the beginning of a new life, as they scratch among the first.

The composition of the painting and characteristic clear contours are inspired by Japanese motifs. Vincent somehow confessed to his brother, which considers this work the most important masterpiece.

Ether potatoes

Sad realism of this work for a long time leaves the feeling of desperate longing and doom. The canvas written in 1885 and refers to the initial period of Wang Gogh's creativity. In the picture, the artist depicted the peasant family de Grotov, with whom he often communicated.

Reflecting harsh rural life, Van Gogh uses gloomy colors in greenish brown tones. He writes heavy aggressive strokes, depicting callous working arms and wrinkled thoughtful faces.

The picture is filled with deep symbolism. The dim light of the lamp personifies the fading hope, and the lattices on the windows show that there is no exit from this Nishchensky. The idea of \u200b\u200bVan Gogh was to convey that, despite the difficult life, these are honest and decent people.

Starry Night over Rona

The view of the Rhone River embankment is displayed on the canvas in the manifold of the shades of blue, turning with the bright yellow lights of the city and the pale yellow stars. Work on the picture took from Van Gogh year and ended in 1888.

On the blue night sky, a big bear and a polar star is burning, the glowing city lies in the foreground, and in the foreground along the river slowly strolls.

Night stories have always fascinated by the artist, admiring beauty and mystery. He used his favorite technique, drawing with oil paints on canvas with large bulk smears.

Now this invaluable masterpiece is pleased with painting lovers in the d'Orce Museum, located in Paris.

Wheat field with corona

The picture is considered the last work of the genius created in two weeks before suicide. Van Gogh conveyed anxiety and attempts to find a faithful way. The atmosphere of the picture is sullen and grace.

The dark sky hangs over a light yellow field, which depicts a crossroads. So the artist expressed anxiety and indecision, arguing which way of three prefer. And in the sky, black birds are terribly approaching, personifying an impending misfortune. Rough random smears with oil paints form a dynamic image, reflecting the excitement and mental confusion.

The original work is kept in the Vincent Van Gogh Museum located in Amsterdam.

Self-portrait with sliced \u200b\u200bear and tube

Could quit once again with Gauguin, the artist cut off part of his ear, then he was sent to the hospital, where he was written a self-portrait. This relatively small pattern of 51 x 45 cm in size was created for the purposes of self-analysis.

Bright colors disharmoned with each other, and the view of Van Gogh himself expresses the awareness of guilt, fatigue and flour from powerlessness to withstand their state. Van Gogh, filled with madness and abundance, as directed to the void.

The picture is presented in the private collection of Niarhos in Chicago.

Road with cypress and star

The idea to write a picture with a view of nightlife and cypress trees arose from Vincent in 1888 in Arle, but he carried out it only in two years, shortly before his death.

Kiparisa fascinated the artist by the perfection of the lines and the form. The premonition of the approaching death is embodied in a metaphor projecting human life on the scale of the universe.

The growing month is visible to the right, on the left - the fading pale star, which has practically disappeared from the canvas, and the cypress grows in the middle, separating them as a line between the beginning and the end of existence.

The tree is so high that the top goes beyond the limits of the canvas, as if trying to reach an infinity.

Red Vineyards in Arles

The expressive nature of the south of France gave Vincent Van Gogh a magnificent plot. Rural residents collected grapes against the background of the pre-sun, in the rays of which the grape leaves were cast in red, and the sky seemed to be gold.

This bright spectacle inspired the genius with her painfulness and symbolism. He considered the process of harvesting as an impersonation of cyclicity of nature and vitality, manifested in hard work.

Van Gogh uses clean colors, applying them to canvas with contrasting strokes.

Those who want to see this picture can go to the Moscow Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin.

Night terrace cafe

Van Gogh demonstrates the skill of color reproduction in this memorable picture created in 1888 in Arle. During this period, the artist often preferent with yellow color in his works.

The lively cafe causes joyful and bright feelings. Warm summer night in it. Life is boiling. Van Gogh brilliantly portrayed the night without applying black paint.

He handed over the dark day, using blue shades, varying from light blue tone of the building over a cafe to dark blue houses in the background. Bright yellow terrace contrasts with a dark background, creating the effect of illumination.

The canvas is located in the Netherlands Museum of the Klowler Muller.

Shoe

An unusual plot for the painting Van Gogh was embodied in the summer of 1886, while in Paris. He was looking for a couple of shoes suitable for an image in the picture. Finally, Vincent found them in the flea market. Indeced and renovated for sale, they belonged to some worker.

But the artist did not rush to immediately draw a picture from them. Owing them in rainy weather, he long walked on dirt and puddles. Upon returning home, Van Gogh captured them on canvas in this form.

The brilliant painter saw in them not just an old rhuman, but the embodiment of the heavy diet workers who preserve nobility and dignity. Later, this picture became the subject of various analogies, including in relation to the life of the artist himself.

Church in Overf

Van Gogh in the spring of 1890 settled in the village near Paris called Over-sur-Uaz, having lived there for the last months of life.

Written on canvas oil, the church in the Gothic style occupies the main place in the picture and is distinguished by the high detail of all elements of the building. The picture shows a woman walking towards the church. It is drawn superficially, as it plays a minor role.

The most spectacular and controversial feature is dissonance between the bright solar pool, covered with grass, and a dark night sky, which causes disagreement on the time of day shown in the picture.

When the artist died, the picture was transferred to his friend the Hashe field, then stored in the Louvre. Now you can admire it at the Orsay Museum.

Severingen sea view

The picture is one of the early works of the artist written by paints. On it, Vincent captured a storm, raging to the sea. Work on the work proceeded in hard weather conditions: due to the strong wind, the sand was constantly rising from the ground. Having made the sketch, Van Gogh completed it already indoors. But small particles of sand sticks to the picture, and they had to be cleaned.

The condition of nature is transmitted during the canvas during a storm: frowning clouds, hanging over the sea, through which the little sun rays make their way, lighting the waves. Silhouettes of people and boats seem blurred due to weak lighting. The gray-green sky and the sea are almost merged, and only a little yellowish shore is distinguished.

The picture is included in the collection of Amsterdam Vincent Van Gogh Museum.

"Portrait of Dr. Gasha" is one of the most famous and recognizable works of Dutch artist Vincent Van Gogh. But it is this painting of sheaven by a wahy mystery and intrigues. In our review we collected little-known and enormous amazing facts about creating this world-famous portrait.

1. There are 2 almost the same portrait

Both are called the "Portrait of Dr. Gasha", and the man is depicted on them in the same suit, with the same melancholic facial expression and in one pose - the head of the head on the hand. Nevertheless, in the pictures partially different props. Also, the canvas of almost identical size (67 x 56 cm), and they both were written in 1890, in the last year of life Van Gogh.

2. Wang Gogh hoped to make money on the first portrait of Dr. Gasha.

Although today Van Gogh is considered one of the most iconic artists, he sold only two paintings during his life. The artist hoped that the picture of a person known in the world of art could bring him money and further orders.

3. Van Gogh also made an engraving-etching of a doctor shown in the picture

At about the same time when he completed two pictures, Van Gogh also made a similar copper engraving with a pattern, etched acid. There are 61 well-known prints of this etching, of which 14 are believed to belong to Van Gogh. It is believed that the remaining prints were created after his death. The original copper engraving is now in the collections of the Orsay Museum.

4. Van Gogh was pleased with his first portrait

In a letter to the Teo, he stated: "I made a portrait of a halaer with a melancholic expression of a person who may well seem like a grimace. Sad, but a calm and smart expression unites in itself in essence several portraits of one person."

5. Dr. Gasha was not just a model for the painting of the artist

He was also his attending physician. The fan of impressionism, Paul Ferdinand Gasha was an artist, who was personally familiar with the field Cezanne, Camille Pissarro, Claude Mona and Auguste Renoir. By profession, he was a doctor who believed in virtue of homeopathy and was interested in Hiromantia.

After Van Gogh left a psychiatric hospital, his brother Theo left Van Gogh under the care of Gasha. Van Gogh moved to Over-sur-UAZ, North - West suburb of Paris, where hesha looked after him in the last months of the artist.

6. Some people accuse Hasha in the death of Van Gogh

It was believed that since Gasha has a good reputation and familiar with many artists, he must "save Van Gogh from his inner demons." But both men lost this battle on July 27, 1890, when the artist committed suicide, shot from the revolver to his chest (he died two days after that). Some were accused of halaer in insufficient psychiatric assistance Van Gogh, while others believed that the doctor was irregularly talked with the patient.

But it is worth noting that when gendarmes tried to interrogate the deadly wounded artist, Van Gogh stated: "This is my body my body and I am waited with him, anything. Do not blame anyone, I myself wanted to commit suicide."

7. Dr. Haache posing for other artists

Ambruz Destrey, Norbert Gonett and Emil Bernard also wrote portraits of Gasha. Charles Leandr made a caricature on him, and Paul Cesann wrote a picture of the "House of Dr. Gasha in Overa".

8. During the work of Van Gogh scream inspiration in another picture

Presenting how the portrait will look like, and while at this time under the supervision of a doctor, Van Gogh asked in the letter of his brother to bring him a copy of the picture of Ezhen Delacroix "Tasso in Dokton".

9. Van Gogh's relationship with Gasha was quite unstable

In letters to his brother, Vincent alternately wrote that he "found in the doctor's doctor and even something like a new brother" and "I think that we should not count on Doctors Gasha at all. He is even more mad than me ".

10. Portraits of Haache were created in a very fruitful period for Van Gogh

In the last 70 days of his life, Van Gogh, as believed, created 70 paintings, including portraits of Dr. Gasha, "Church in Overa" and "Corn Field". The exact number of paintings are in doubt.

11. Some critics believe that "Portrait of Dr. Gasha" - fake

In the late 1990s, among art historians and historians, there was a theory that some of the paintings of Van Gogh, written by him in the last days of life, were actually written by Gasha. The authenticity of both portraits of Dr. Gasha was questioned, and some people suggest that they are actually autoports.

12. One of the portraits broke records at auction

In just three minutes at the Christie auction, the original "Portrait of Dr. Gasha" with the signature of Van Gogh was sold for $ 82.5 million. At the same time, a new record of the amount paid for the painting was established.

13. The threat of destroying the original painting an art of art

When the 74-year-old Japanese businessman Rioja Saito acquired a "portrait of Dr. Gasha" at auction, he stated: "This is my principle - to get what I want, despite how much money it costs it." But later, the whole world outraged the fact that the Japanese wrote in the will to make a picture of cremated with him after his death. After the international scandal broke out, Saito admitted that his statement was an unsuccessful joke.

14. The estimated fake is exhibited in Paris

The last 10 paintings of artists who committed suicide.

Vincent Villem Van Gogh (Notherl. Vincent Willem Van Gogh; March 30, 1853, Grottoes-Süntert, near Breda, Netherlands - July 29, 1890, Over-Sur-UAZ, France) - Dutch Grade-Paulmigresionist.

Vincent Van Goghography

Vincent Van Gogh. Born in the Dutch city of Groot-Zundert on March 30, 1853. Van Gogh was the first child in the family (not counting the born brother born). The father was the name of Theodore Wang Gog, mother - Carnellius. The family had a big one: 2 sons and three daughters. In the genus Van Gogh, all men, one way or another dealt with the paintings, or served the church. Already by 1869, without even finishing school, he began to work in a firm that sold pictures. In truth, Van Gogh did not work well sell paintings, but he had endless love for painting, and he was also good. In 1873, at the 20th age, he got to London, where he spent 2 years, which changed his whole life.

In London, Van Gogh lived. He had very good sorry, which was enough to visit various art galleries and museums. He even bought a cylinder, without which it was simply impossible to do in London. Everything went to the fact that Van Gogh could be a successful merchant, but ... as it happens, in the way his career became love, yes, it was love. Van Gogh to fearlessly fell in love with his apartment hostess, but learning that she was already engaged, it was very closed in himself, he became indifferent to his work. When he returned to Paris fired him.

In 1877, Van Gogh began to live again in Holland, and there was more and more consolation in religion. After moving to Amsterdam, he began to study at the priest, but soon threw his studies, since he did not suit him at the faculty.

In 1886, in early March, Van Gogh moves to Paris to the Council of Brother Theo, and he lives in his apartment. There he takes the lessons of painting from Fernan Kormon, and get acquainted with such personalities as Pissaro, Gauguin and many other artists. Very quickly, he forgets all the darkness of Dutch life, and quickly conquers respect as an artist. Draws clearly, bright in the style of impressionism and postmingness.

Vincent Wang Gogh., After spending 3 months in the Evangelical School, which was in Brussels, became a preacher. He distributed money and clothes to be poor, although he himself was not enough enough. It caused a suspicion of the church's head, and his activity was banned. He did not lose, and found a consolation in drawing.

By 27 years, Wang Gogh understood what his vocation in this life was, and decided that he had to become an artist who had to become. Although Van Gogh also took drawing lessons, but it can be considered self-taught with confidence, because he himself studied many books, tutorials, referring paintings by famous artists. At first, he thought to become an illustrator, but then, when she took her lessons from his belly-artist - Anton Mouwe, wrote his first work with oil.

It seems that life began to improve, but again Van Gogh began to pursue failures, and love.

His cousin Kay Vos became a widow. She really liked her, but he received a refusal that was worried for a long time. In addition, because of Kei, he quarreled very seriously with his father. This tap was the reason for the movement of Vincent to Hague. It is there that he gets acquainted with Clazic Maria Hournfulnik, who was a girl of easy behavior. With her, Van Gogh lived for almost a year, and he repeatedly had to be treated from venereological diseases. He wanted to save this poor woman, and even thought to marry her. But here his family already intervened, and the thoughts of marriage were simply dispelled.

Returning to their homeland to the parents who have already moved to Nynane, his skill began to be improved.

He spent 2 years in his homeland. In 1885, Vincent settled in Antwerp, where he visited classes at the Academy of Arts. Then, in 1886, Van Gogh again returns to Paris, to his brother Theo, who throughout his life helped him as morally and financially. France became the second home for Van Gogh. It was in her who he lived all his remaining life. He did not feel here a stranger. Van Gogh drank a lot, and was very explosive. He could be called a man with whom it is difficult to deal with.

In 1888 he moved to Arles. The locals were not glad to see him in their town, which was in the south of France. They considered him an abnormal Lunatic. Despite this Vincent found friends here, and felt quite good. Over time, he came to create a settlement for artists here than he shared with his friend Hohen. Everything went well, but there was a breakdown between the artists. Van Gogh rushed to the Mogen's enemy with a razor. Gogen barely took place, miraculously survived. From the anger of the failure of Van Gogh cut off a part of the left ear. After spending 2 weeks in a psychiatric clinic, he returned back in 1889, as he began to torment hallucinations.

In May 1890, he finally left the shelter for mentally ill and went to Paris to his brother Theo and his wife, who only gave birth to a boy, who was called Vincent in honor of his uncle. Life began to improve, and Van Gogh was even happy, but his disease returned again. On July 27, 1890, Vincent Van Gogh himself shot himself into the chest from the pistol. He died on the hands of his brother Theo, who loved him very much. After half a year, the theo died. The brothers are buried at the Sheer's cemetery nearby.

Creativity Van Gogh

Vincent Van Gogh (1853 - 1890) is considered a great Dutch artist who had a very strong impact on impressionism in art. His works created in the ten-year period are striking by their color, negligence and roughness of the smear, the images exhausted by the suffering of the mentally ill, who committed suicide.

Van Gogh became one of the greatest artists-postimigressionists.

It can be considered self-taught, because He studied painting, copying the paintings of old masters. During the period of life in the Netherlands, Wang G. wrote pictures of nature, labor and the life of peasants and workers, which he watched around ("Potato Etheries").

In 1886, he moved to Paris, entered the studio F. Kormon, where he met A. Toulouse-Lotrek and E. Bernar. Under the impression of the painting of impressionists and the Japanese engraving, the artist's manner changed: there was an intense colors and a wide vigorous smear, characteristic of the late Wan V. Klischi, "Portrait of Dad Tangs").

In 1888, he moved to the south of Frannia, in the town of Arles. It was the most fruitful period of artist's creativity. For his life, Wang G. created more than 800 paintings and 700 drawings in a variety of genres, but brighter his talent manifested itself in the landscape: it was in him who found his choleric explosive temperament. In the movable, nervous picturesque texture of his paintings, the spiritual state of the artist reflected: he suffered a mental illness, which eventually led him to suicide.

Features of creativity

"Much remains unclear and controversial to the present in the pathography of this severe bioegal personality. It is possible to assume syphilitic provoking of schizo-epileptic psychosis. His feverish creativity is quite comparable to the increased productivity of the brain before the start of the syphilitic disease of the brain, as was Nietzsche, Maupassant, Shuman. Van Gogh presents a good example of how mediocre talent, thanks to psychosis, turned into a world-recognized genius. "

"A peculiar bipolarity, so pronounced in life and psychosis of this wonderful patient, is also expressed in parallel in his artistic work. Essentially, the style of its works remains the same all the time. Only increasingly repeated with winding lines, giving it the paintings of the spirit of differentity, which reaches its culmination point in its last work, where the desire and imminentness of destruction, fall, destruction are brightly emphasized. These two movements are attributed to the rise and movement of the fall - form the structural basis of epileptic manifestations, just as two poles form the basis of the epileptoid constitution. "

"Drew brilliant pictures of Van Gogh in breaks between attacks. And the main secret of his genius was an extraordinary purity of consciousness and a special creative rise, which arose as a result of his illness between the attacks. About this special state of consciousness wrote F.M. Dostoevsky, who suffered at one time similar attacks of mysterious spiritual disorder. "

Bright Paint Van Gogh

Dreaming about the fraternity of artists and collective work, he completely forgot that he himself was an incorrigible individualist, irreconcilable to restraint in matters of life and art. But this was his strength. It is necessary to have enough trained eye to distinguish the pattern of monet from the canvases, for example, silent. But only once, seeing "red vineyards", no one and never work Van Gogh to be confused. Each line and smear - expressivers of his personality.

Dominant impressionistic system - color. In a picturesque system, Wang Gogh's manner is all equal and crumpled into one inimitable bright ensemble: rhythm, color, texture, line, shape.

At first glance, there is some stretch. Unless the color of the "red vineyards" illuminated on the intensity is not active, isn't the linking chord of the blue cobalt in the "Sea to Saint-Marie", isn't it dazzling and the scenery of the landscape in the rain after the rain, next to which, any impressionistic picture looks hopelessly blocked?

Exaggeratedly bright these paints have the ability to sound in any intonation on the entire length of the emotional range - from burning pain to the gentle shades of joy. The sounding paints are woven into gently and finely coharled melody, they get out in the cutting of the dissonance. Just as in music there is a minor and major stroke, and the colors of the Wangogovsky palette are divided. For Van Gogh Cold and warm - as life and death. At the head of the opposing camps - yellow and blue, both colors are deeply symbolic. However, this "symbolism" is the same lively flesh, as well as the Wangogovsky ideal of the beautiful.

In yellow paint from gently lemon to intensively orange Van Gogh saw some bright start. The color of the sun and ripened bread in his understanding was the color of joy, solar heat, human kindness, benevolence, love and happiness - all the fact that in his mind turned on in the concept of "life." The opposite in the meaning of blue, from the blue to almost black and lead - the color of the sorrow, infinity, longing, despair, mental flour, fatal inevitability and, ultimately, death. Late paintings Van Gogh - the crash of these two colors. They are like a struggle of good and evil, daylight light and night dusk, hopes and despair. The emotional and psychological capabilities of the color are the subject of permanent reflection Van Gogh: "I hope to make the discovery in this area, for example, to express the feelings of two in love with the combination of two additional colors, mixture and contrasting, mysterious vibration of related tones. Or express the idea of \u200b\u200bthe shining of a light tone in the brain on a dark background ... ".

Speaking about Van Gogh, Tougyandhold remarked: "... notes of his experiences - graphic rhythms of things and response heartbeats." The concept of rest is unknown by Wangog art. His element - movement.

In the eyes of Van Gogh, it is the same life, which means that the ability to think, feel, empathize. Press in the painting of "red vineyards". The smears thrown onto the canvas with a rapid hand run, rushing, encounter, scatter again. Similar to screenshots, points, blots, commas, they are the transcript of the Wangogovsky vision. From their cascades and whirlpools are born simplified and expressive forms. They are a line designed in the drawing. Their relief is barely planned, then brimmed by massive clots, - as the rugged earth, forms a delightful, scenic texture. And from all this there is a huge image on the scale: in the hot sun, like sinners in the fire, the grape vines are crying, rushing to break away from the fat purple earth, break out of the hands of winegartes, and now the peaceful bustle of harvest looks like a fight of a person with nature.

So, then, still dominates the color? But isn't these paints at the same time and rhythm, and the line, and form, and texture? It is in this that the most important feature of the picturesque language of Van Gogh, on which he speaks with us through his paintings.

It is often believed that Wangogi painting has a certain uncontrollable emotional element, picked by unbridled insight. This delusion "helps" the originality of the artistic manner of Van Gogh, indeed, seemingly spontaneous, in fact, is finely calculated, thoughtful: "work and sober calculation, the mind is strained extremely, like a actor when performing a difficult role when you have to think about a thousand things For one half hour ... "

Heredity van gogh and innovation

Heredity Van Gogh

• [Mother's sister] "... seizures of epilepsy, which indicates severe nervous heredity, which affects the most Anna Cornelia. From nature gentle and loving, it is subject to unexpected flashes of anger. "
• [Brother Teo] "... Died six months after the suicide of Vincent in the clinic for insane in Utrecht, having lived 33 years."
• "None of the brothers and sisters Van Gogh epilepsy was not, whereas it is absolutely known that the younger sister suffered from schizophrenia and spent 32 years in a psychiatric hospital."

Human soul ... and not cathedrals

Let us turn to Van Gogh:

"I prefer to write people's eyes, not the cathedrals ... Human soul, even if the soul of the unfortunate or street girl, in my opinion, is much more interesting."

"Who writes peasant life, will better withstand the test by time than manufacturers written in Paris cardinal techniques and harem." "I will stay myself, and even in raw works I will speak strict, rude, but truthful things." "The worker against the bourgeois is so not well justified as a hundred years ago the third estimate against the other two."

Could a person who in these and thousands of such statements explained the meaning of life and art so, rely on the success of "the strong world of this? ". Bourgeois medium escaped Van Gogh.

Against the rejection of Van Gogh was the only weapon - confidence in the correctness of the chosen path and work.

"Art is a struggle ... it is better to do anything than to express myself weakly." "It is necessary to work like a few blacks." Even a half-beetled existence has been drawn to the stimulus for creativity: "In the harsh tests of poverty, you learn to look at things with completely different eyes."

The bourgeois audience does not forgive innovation, and Van Gogh was an innovator in the most direct and true sense of the word. His reading of the sublime and beautiful went through an understanding of the inner essence of objects and phenomena: from, insignificant as torn shoes, to crushing cosmic hurricanes. The ability to submit these seemingly unauthorized values \u200b\u200bin the equally huge artistic scale put Van Gogh not only outside the official aesthetic concept of artists of the academic direction, but also forced him to go beyond impressionistic painting.

Quotes Vincent Van Gogh

(from letters to brother Teo)

• There is nothing more artistic than to love people.
• When something in you says: "You're not an artist," immediately start writing, my boy, - only this way you will forced this inner voice to silence. The same, who, having heard him, runs to friends and complains of his misfortune, loses part of his courage, part of the best that there is in it.
• And it is not necessary to take your drawbacks too close to the heart, for the one who has no them, still suffers in one - the lack of flaws; The same one who believes that he has reached perfect wisdom, will well do if it melts again.
• A man carries his bright flame in his heart, but no one wants to warm up near him; The passersby notice only the smoke, going through the pipe, and pass their own way.
• Reading the books, as well as looking at the paintings, it is impossible to doubt or hesitate: it is necessary to be confident and find a wonderful thing that is beautiful.
• What is drawing? How do they master? This ability to break through the iron wall, which is standing between what you feel, and what you know. How nevertheless penetrate through such a wall? In my opinion, it is useless to beat her head, it needs to slowly and patiently pour and climb.
• Blessed one who found his business.
• I prefer not to speak anything in general nothing to be expressed.
• I confess, I also need beauty and elevation, but even more something else, for example: kindness, responsiveness, tenderness.
• After all, you are realistic, so wiper and my realism.
• A person needs only invariably to love what decent love, and not to cultivate his feeling for insignificant, unworthy and insignificant.
• It is impossible for longing to be stood in our soul like water in a swamp.
• When I see how the weak rushes, I begin to doubt the value of what is called progress and civilization.

Bibliography

• Van Gogh.Pis. Per. With Gol. - L.-M., 1966.
• Revald J.Postimpressionism. Per. from English T. 1. - L.-M, 1962.
• Perryoshu A.Zhizn Van Gogh. Per. With Franz. - M., 1973.
• Murina Elena.van Gogh. - M.: Art, 1978. - 440 p. - 30,000 copies.
• Dmitrieva N. A.Vinsten Van Gogh. Man and artist. - M., 1980.
• Stone I.Jud Life (book). Tale of Vincent Van Gogh. Per. from English - M., True, 1988.
• Constantino Porcuvan Gogh. Zijn Leven EN De Kunst. (From the KunstklassieKers series) Nanarenda, 2004.
• Wolf Stadlervincent Van Gogh. (From the De Grote Meesters series) Amsterdam Boek, 1974.
• Frank Koolsvincent Van Gogh EN Zijn Geboorteplaats: Als Een Boer Van Zundert. DE WALBURG PERS, 1990.
• Kozlov, "Legend of Van Gogh", "Around the World", No. 7, 2007.
• Van Gogh V. Letters to friends / lane. With Fr. P. Melkova. - SPb.: ABC, ABC-Attikus, 2012. - 224 p. - Series "ABC-Classic" - 5,000 copies, ISBN 978-5-389-03122-7
• Gordeeva M., Perova D.Vinsten Van Gogh / in KN.: Great Artists - T.18 - Kiev, Komsomolskaya Pravda CJSC, 2010. - 48 p.

Vincent Van Gogh is a Netherlands artist, one of the brightest representatives of postmingness. He worked a lot and fruitfully: for ten years with a small years, it created such a number of works that neither one of the famous painters was not. He wrote portraits and self-portraits, landscapes and still lifes, cypresses, wheat fields and sunflowers.

The artist was born near the southern border of the Netherlands in the village of Grotz-Süntert. This event in the family of Pastor Theodora Van Gogh and his wife Anna Cornelia Carbentus occurred on March 30, 1853. In total, there was six children in the family of Van Gogov. The younger brother Theo throughout his life helped Winsent, took an active part in his difficult fate.

In the family, Vincent was a difficult, naughty child with some oddities, so he was often punished. Outside the house, on the contrary, looked thoughtful, serious and quiet. He almost did not play children. The fellow villagers considered him a modest, cute, friendly and compassionate child. At the age of 7, he was given to the village school, a year later, they take away from there and teach at home, in the fall of 1864 the boys will be taken to the boarding school in Zewenbergen.

Departure wounds the soul of the boy and causes him a lot of suffering. In 1866 it is transferred to another boarding school. Vincent is well given languages, here it also gets the first drawing skills. In 1868 in the middle of the school year, he throws school and leaves home. His education will end in this. He recalls about his childhood as something cold and gloomy.

Traditionally, the generation of Van Gogov has implemented themselves in two spheres of activity: trading in paintings and church activity. Vincent will try himself and as a preacher, and as a merchant, giving the work of himself. Having achieved some success, he refuses the other, sanctifying his life and all his painting.

Carier start

In 1868, the fifteen-year-old young man enters the branch of the art company "Gupil and Co." in the Hague. For good work and curiousness, he is sent to the London branch. For two years, which Vincent stayed in London, he becomes a real businessman and an expert in Engraner Engravings, quotes Dickens and Eliota, a gloss appears in it. Van Gogh awaits the prospect of a brilliant commissioner of the central branch of "Pipily" in Paris, where he should have moved.

Pages from book letters to brother Teo

In 1875 there were events that changed his life. In a letter to the theo, he calls his condition "painful loneliness." The artist's biography researchers suggest that the cause of such a state in rejected love. Who was the object of this love, not exactly known. It is possible that this version is erroneous. The transfer to Paris did not help change the situation. He cooled to "go pupil" and was fired.

Theology and missionary activity

In search of themselves, Vincent is approved in his religious destination. In 1877, he moved to Uncle Johannes in Amsterdam and is preparing for admission to the Faculty of Theology. In school, he is disappointed, throws classes and leaving. The desire to serve people leads him to a missionary school. In 1879, he receives the position of the preacher in Vame in the south of Belgium.

He teaches the Law of God in the Mining Center in Boringe, helps the families of miners, visits patients, teaches children, reads sermons, for earnings draws Palestine cards. He himself lives in a miserable shack, feeds on water and bread, sleeping on the floor, tested himself physically. In addition, he helps workers to defend its rights.

Local authorities remove him from office, as they do not accept violent activities and extremes. During this period, he draws a lot of miners, their wives and children.

Formation of the artist

To get away from depression related to events in Pateurge, Van Gogh appeals to painting. Brother Theo supports him, and he visits the Academy of Fine Arts. But in a year she grabs study and travels to parents, continuing to do on their own.

Again falls in love. This time in my cousin. His feelings do not find a response, but he continues to courtishness than causes the irritation of relatives who asked him to leave. Because of the new shock, he refuses his personal life, leaving in Hague to engage in painting. Here he takes lessons from Anton Mauwe, works a lot, watching urban life, mainly in poor neighborhoods. He studies the "Figure Course" course of Charles Barga, copies lithographs. Mixing the mixing of various techniques on canvas, seeking interesting color shades in the works.

Once again trying to create a family with a pregnant street woman with whom he meets on the street. A woman with children moves to him and becomes a model for the artist. Because of this quarrels with relatives and friends. Vincent himself feels happy, but not long. The heavy character of the cohabitant turned his life into a nightmare, and they broke up.

The artist goes to the province of Drenthe to the North Netherlands, lives in the hut, which he equipped under the workshop, writes landscapes, peasants, scenes from their work and life. Early works Van Gogh, with reservations, but can be called realistic. The lack of academic education affected its figure, in inaccuracies in the image of the figures of people.

He moves to his parents to Nyuen, draws a lot. During this period hundreds of drawings and canvases were created. Simultaneously with creativity, painting with students, reads a lot and takes music lessons. The subjects of the work of the Dutch period are simple people and scenes written in an expressive manner with a predominance of a dark palette, gloomy and deaf tones. The masterpieces of this period include the painting "Potato ETERS" (1885), depicting the scene from the life of the peasants.

Paris period

After a long random Vincent decides to live and create in Paris, where he moves at the end of February 1886. Here it is found with the brother of the Teo, who served before the director of the art gallery. The artistic life of the French capital of this period beats the key.

The exhibition of impressionists on Lafit Street becomes a significant event. For the first time, Xinyak and sulfur are exhibited there, which headed the movement of postpressionism, marked the final stage of impressionism. Impressionism is a revolution in art that has changed an approach to painting, which has given academic techniques and plots. The first impression is put in the head of the corner, clean colors, preference is given to painting at the pleinier.

In Paris, Van Gogh takes a brother Theo, intensify it in his house, introduces artists. In the workshop of the artist-traditionalist Fernan Kormon, he meets Toulouse-Lotrek, Emil Bernar and Louis Anquente. A great impression on it is painting Impressionists and post-imagressionists. In Paris, he was addicted to absinthe and even writes a still life on this topic.

Picture "Still-life with absinthe"

Paris period (1886-1888) was the most fruitful, the collection of its work was replenished with 230 canvases. It was the time of searching for technology, studying innovative trends of modern painting. He has a new look at painting. The realistic approach is replaced by a new manner, which is important to impressionism and postmingness, which is reflected in its still lifes with flowers and landscapes.

Brother introduces him with the most vivid representatives of this area: Camille Pissarro, Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and others. With their friends, artists often goes to the Plenuary. His palette will gradually brighten, becomes brighter, and over time turns into a riot of paints, characteristic of his work of recent years.

Fragment of the picture "Agostina Seganti in a cafe"

In Paris, Van Gogh communicates a lot, visits the same places where his brothers go. In Tambourin, he even makes a small affair with his hostess of the agostyle conjunction, which once posted Degas. With her, he writes a portrait at a table in a cafe and several works in the style of Nu. Another meeting place was the bench of dads Tangi, where paints and other materials for artists were sold. Here, as in many other similar institutions, artists have expressed their work.

A group of small boulevards is formed, which includes Van Gogh and his comrades who have not reached such heights, as the masters of large boulevards are more famous and recognized. The spirit of rivalry and the tension that reigned in the Paris society of that time, for a impulsive and uncompromising artist become unbearable. He comes into disputes, quarrels and makes the decision to leave the capital.

Chuckled ear

In February 1888, he goes to Provence and tied to his entire soul. Theo sponsors brother, sending him 250 francs per month. In gratitude, Vincent sends his paintings to his brother. Removes four rooms in the hotel, it feeds in a cafe, the owners of which are becoming his friends and positive for paintings.

With the arrival of spring artist captivated by the southern sun, blooming trees. He is delighted with bright colors and air transparency. Impression ideas are gradually leaving, but it remains loyal to the light palette and painting at the plenier. The works prevailing yellow, acquiring a special radiance coming from depth.

Vincent Van Gogh. Self-portrait with a severed ear

To work at night on the plenier, fixes candles on a hat and sketchik, lighting its workplace in this way. That is how his paintings "Starry Night over Rona" and "Night Cafe" were written. An important event becomes the arrival of the Gajen field, which Vincent has repeatedly invited to Arles. Enthusiastic and fruitful joint accommodation ends with quarrels and rupture. Confident, Pedantic Gaugugen was the exact opposite of the insufficient and restless Van Gogh.

The epilogue of this story becomes a rapid clarification of relations before Merry Christmas 1888, when Vincent cut off his ear. Gogen, frightened that the attack gather on him, disappeared at the hotel. Vincent wrapped the swarm of the ear of the ear into paper and sent it to their common acquaintance - a prostitute Rachel. In a puddle of blood, he discovered a fellow handle. The wound will quickly heal, but spiritual health again returns it to the hospital bed.

Death

The inhabitants of Arlya begin to fear the citizen in dislike. In 1889, they write a petition with the requirement to save them from the "red madman." Vincent is aware of the danger of his condition and voluntarily goes to the hospital of St. Paul Maulzolian in Saint-Remy. During treatment, he is allowed to write on the street under the supervision of medical staff. So it has been working with characteristic wave-like lines and twists ("Starry Night", "Road with cypress trees and a star", etc.).

Picture "Starry Night"

In Saint-Remy, periods of violent activity are replaced by long interruption caused by depression. At the time of one of the crises, he swallows paints. Despite the frequent exacerbations of the disease, Brother Theo contributes to his participation in the September Salon independent in Paris. In January 1890, Vincent exposes "Red Vineyards in Arle" and sells them for four hundred francs, which is a pretty decent amount. It was the only picture sold during life.

Picture "Red Vineyards in Arles"

His joy was immeasurable. The artist did not stop working. The success of "vineyards" was inspired by his brother Theo. It supplies Vincent paints, but he starts to eat them. In May 1890, the brother negotiates with the therapist-homeopath Dr. Gasha about the treatment of Vincent in his clinic. The doctor himself is fond of drawing, so it is happy to be accepted for the treatment of the artist. Vincent is also located to Gasha, sees a kind and optimistic person in it.

A month later, Van Gogh is allowed to travel to Paris. Brother meets him is not very affectionate. He has problems with finance, the daughter is very sick. Vincent, such a reception derived from equilibrium, he understands that it becomes possible, and has always been for the brother for the burden. Shocked, he returns to the clinic.

Fragment of the picture "Road with cypresses and a star"

On July 27, as usual, it turns out to be pleasing, but not returning with etudes, but with a bullet in the chest. The bullet released from the gun got into the rib and went away from the heart. The artist himself returned to the shelter and lay down in bed. Lying in bed, he quietly smoked the phone. It seemed the impression that the wound did not hurt him.

Haache caused the Teo to the telegram. He immediately arrived, began to reassure the brother that he would help him that it was not necessary to indulge in despair. In response, the phrase sounded: "Sadness will last forever." The artist died on July 29, 1890 in half the second night. He was buried in the town of Mary on July 30.

Many of his friends-artists arrived with the artist. The walls of the room were hung off his last paintings. Dr. Haache wanted to say a speech, but I cried so much that I managed to say only a few words, the essence of which came down to the fact that Vincent was a great artist and an honest person, that the art that was above all for him will repay him, perpetuate his name .

The brother of the artist Teo Van Gogh was not six months later. He did not forgive himself a quarrel with his brother. His despair, which he shared with his mother becomes unbearable, and he gets sick by a nervous disorder. That's what he wrote in a letter of his mother after his brother's death:

"It is impossible to describe my grief, as it is impossible to find consolation. This is a grief that will last and from which I, of course, will never get rid of I am alive. The only thing that can be said is that he himself found peace to which she was sought ... Life was such a heavy burden for him, but now, as it often happens, everyone praises his talents ... Oh, mom! He was so mine, my own brother. "

Teo Van Gogh, Brother Artist

And this is the last letter of Vincent, written by him after a quarrel:

"It seems to me that because everyone is a bit inflicted and besides too busy, it is not necessary to fully figure out all the relationships. I was a little surprised that you as if you want to hurry the events. How can I help, rather, what should I do to suit you? Anyway, mentally, I firmly press your hands and, in spite of everything, I was glad to see you all. Do not doubt it. "

In 1914, the remains of Theo his widow rejected next to Vincent's grave.

Personal life

One of the reasons for the mental illness of Van Gogh could be his failed personal life, he never found himself a life companion. The first attack of despair happened after the failure of his daughter's housewife Ursula Loyer, in which he was secretly in love for a long time. The proposal sounded unexpectedly, shocked the girl, and she rudely refused.

The story was repeated with the widowed Kuzina Ki Stricker, but this time Vincent decides not to give up. Woman does not take care. In the third visit to the relatives of the beloved, he fuses his hand in the flame candle, promising to keep it so until she gave his consent to become his wife. With this act, he finally convinced the girl's father that he deals with a mentally unhealthy man. More to ceremony did not start with him and simply speakers from home.

Sexy dissatisfaction was reflected in his nervous state. Vincent begins to like prostitutes, especially not very young and not very beautiful, which he could raise. Soon he stops the choice on a pregnant prostitute, which settles him with a 5-year-old daughter. After the birth of the son, Vincent is tied to children and thinks to marry.

The woman posed the artist and lived with him about a year. Because of her, he had to be treated from gonorrhea. Relationships deteriorated finally when the artist saw how cynical, cruel, rustling and differently. After parting the lady indulged by his former classes, and Van Gogh left Hague.

Margo Behemann in youth and maturity

In recent years, Vincent has pursued a 41-year-old woman named Margo Hymann. She was a neighbor artist in Nuenen and really wanted to marry. Van Gogh, rather from pity, agrees to marry her. Parents did not give consent for this marriage. Margo almost did not commit life, but Van Gogh saved her. In the subsequent period, he has many random connections, he visits public houses and is treated from venereal diseases from time to time.