Full name Astrid Lindgren. Astrid Lindong Brief biography

Full name Astrid Lindgren. Astrid Lindong Brief biography
Full name Astrid Lindgren. Astrid Lindong Brief biography

The books of Astrid Anna Emilia Eriksson (1907-2002), more known as Astrid Lindgren, changed the attitude of the whole world to the child in particular and by childhood as a whole. They are translated almost a hundred languages, and their total circulation exceeds 150 million copies. In 1996, Russian scientists called asteroid in honor of the writer, and in 2015 her portrait took the place of Selma Lagerlef in the Swedish bill in 20 kroons. Years after the death of Lindgren not published earlier books still become world bestsellers: these are "military diaries" that Astrid Lindgren led in the 1940s, being an analyst of Swedish intelligence, and re-pain with a love in her Louise Hartung, who published a separate volume a few years ago. In 2014, the biography of Astrid Lindgren was published, written by Jens Andersen, with previously unknown details. How did the provincial girl from the peasant family become one of the most famous Pisa-Telnitz in the history of literature?

Why it all started

Family Ericsson with children. Astrid - Three Left Wikimedia Commons

Astrid was born in peasant family In the Swedish Province of Smolland. Her parents raised children in Lutheran traditions, but at the same time they decided to play their pleasure and gave full freedom. Childhood in Smolde influenced Many books Lindgren: Emil from the "Emil's Adventures from Lönnebergi" is the elder brother Astrid Gunnar, Madicen from Yuni-Bakken from the book of the eponymous book - her best friend with which they lazy on trees and roofs. Games and adventures of a children's company from the Bullerby ("We all from the Bull Bulley") are fully based on events from Childhood Writer-Nice.

In 1924, a 17-year-old Astrid is one of the first to support the youth riot, who died to her native Patriarchal Town Vimmerby: She does short haircut And goes in male costumes, Causeing a sharp condemnation of parents. Then it becomes an intern in the local newspaper Vim-Merbia Tidning, where it performs minor instructions and writes short reports. After some time, she starts a novel with the owner of the Renhald Bloomberg newspaper: he is 30 years old, married and has seven children from the first marriage. In 1926, Astrid was born Son Lars For a long time, Lars was considered the son of the only Musha Astrid - Stur Lindgren. About who his real FatherIt will be known only in 2014, many years after the death of the writer, from the documentary of Christina Lindstrus "Astrid" and the biographies of Jens Andersen "Astrid Lindgren. This day is life. ".

© astridlindgren.se.

Astrid (extreme right) with girlfriends. 1924.© astridlindgren.se.

"I grew up in an extremely respected house. My parents are very religious. Never a single spubby was on the reputation of our family - moreover, all of our kind. I still remember how even before the birth of Lasse Mom was indignant if the young woman had a so-called out-of-marriage child. And then it happens to me, "then Lindgren wrote in a letter to a woman whose child was brought up in the same adoptive family as her son. Up to three years, Lars lived in a reception family not far from Copenhagen. Astrid often visited the Son, but this period of her life was the most gloomy and painful, and the memories of him were very painful until the very death.

As Astrid Lindgren has become famous

Astrid with Son Lars. End of the 1920s - the beginning of the 1930s© astridlindgren.se.

Astrid Lindgren at the International Grand Prix in the scone of the secretary of the Royal Society of motorists. 1933 © astridlindgren.se

In 1929, Astrid had shown the secretary of the Royal Society of motorists in Stockholm, and two years later married his head-nickname Lindgren. In the fall of 1931, the Astrid and the sture were taken by Lars to their volcanoysgathan: the next few years Astrid sits with his son at home and often tells him the stories that invents on the go. The most successful it records, and in 1933, Gunnar, to help needful her sister's money, helps to publish these stories in the Stoke Golm Tidningen newspaper and Landsbügdens Yul Journal, where he was familiar. The Astrid itself will call these stories later, but he will write continue and will send their journal manuscripts.

In 1944, Astrid suggests its first serious manuscript called "Peppi Longs" in the Bonnier Publishing House, which replies to her refreshment, but in the same year a small story Lindgren called "Britt Marie Pulles Soul" receives the second award in 1200 kroons At the competition of books for a de-check, announced by a small new publishing house "Rabn and Schogren". The owner of the publishing house Hans Ralen was scary disappointed that the competition won the usual housewife. However, despite this, a year later, he agreed to publish "Peppi": the book enjoys incredible success, and in 1946 Astrid is invited to the position of editor to the same publisher. There she will work before retirement in 1970.


Astrid Lindgren and Hans Raben on his 60th anniversary astridlindgren.se.

All of her books went to "Rabn and Schogren". On the question of what a children's book should be, Lindgren always answered: "She must be good. I assure you, I dedicated to this question a lot of reflection, but I did not come up with another answer: she should be good. "

In 1952, the Astrid's husband dies. She was hard to experience his death, although many years later, Louise Hartung Louise Hartung, confessed many years: "There is no such a man in the world who could make me a new marriage. The ability to be one is just incredible happiness: to deal with himself, to have your opinion, to act independently, to decide, to organize your life, to sleep, think, oh-oh-oh! "

In 1950-60s, Astrid Lindgren writes the most famous books: "Myo, My Mio" (1954), a trilogy about Carlsone (1955-1968), "Rasmus-Broadcasting" (1956), "Madicen" (1960), " Emil from Lönneberg "(1963)," On the island of Saltkroke "(1964), and in 1958 he receives the most prestigious children's literature in the world of Hans Christian Andersen.

In the 1970s, Astrid participates in public debates, trying to persuade-give skinheads and leads a column in the "Express" newspaper. In 1976, filling the declaration of taxes, it discovers that its taxes make up 102% of income. Then Astrid composes his famous satirical fairy tale "Pomperiposs from Montismanion", in which the tax policy of Sweden is ridiculed. The fairy tale published "express" than caused a huge resonance throughout the country. Finance Minister Gunnar Strang was perturbed deeply, and this marked the beginning of the discussion about the reforms of the Swedish tax system.


Gunnar Strang (Minister of Finance at the time) reads the fairy tale "Pomperiposs from Montismania". 1976 astridlindgren.se.

In America and Europe, Astrid Lindgren book was published almost immediately after the release in Sweden, but not always perceived unequivocally. Critico-Vali is mainly for the books about Peppi - for example, in France, the cycles about Peppi and Emile from Lönnebergs came out in a rather conservative retelling, and lately, in the 1990s, Peppi found a sample of incompleteness because of the anecdots about the aborigines and Brazilians who split the eggs about the head.

"Peppi Longs" and a revolution in children's literature

Astrid Lindgren with the daughter of Karin. 1934© astridlindgren.se.

Astrid Lindgren with the daughter of Karin. 1940s© astridlindgren.se.

In 1934, a daughter of Karin was born in the sture and Astrid. When she was seven years old, she fell ill with the inflammation of the lungs and asked Mama to tell something. "What exactly?" She asked. "Tell about Peppy Longs!" - Offer Karin, writing on the go unusual name. For several years in a row, Astrid continued to invent stories about Peppi, but he recorded them, only when, slipping, dislocated her leg and was in bed for a while Simultaneously with Peppi Astrid led the day-nicks, which herself called the "military". She described her private life And he reflected about war and politics - in particular, about whether Sweden is worth interfere in the war of Russia with Finland and refute the Germans of the cruel destruction of the Jews.. Later, she noticed that she best would be able to write in the early morning. "All Sweden already knows: I'm so lazy that I am writing, lying in bed," she noticed in one interview.

When Karin was tenth, Astrid presented her finished manuscript, and the second copy, as already mentioned, sent Bonnier to the largest Swedish publishing house. Later, the owner of the publishing house Gerard Bonnier recalled that he did not dare to publish the book, showing him too radical and causing the major heroes due to the nature of the most conventional. Before showing the text "Rabn and Schogren", Astrid recycled the manuscript, removing the sharpest moments and correcting the stylistry. The first (wax-visa) option was first published in 2007.

Original manuscript about Peppi Longs, presented daughter Karin on her tenth birthday. On the cover - Handy Figure Astrid Lindgren. astridlindgren.se.

In the original, the heroine is the name of Pippi: so it sounds and translated by Lyudmila Bored (1993). However, the translation of Lilianna Longina is more popular, performed in 1965. The full name of the Redhead Girls - Peppillotte Viktalya Rullgardin Chrismit Efraimdotter Long-roll. Her mother died when Peppie was very small, and father - Negro King In the German translation of the books from considerations of political correctness, he was made by the king of cannibals, and in Sweden in 2015 "Peppi" were edited, and the Negro King became Pacific., Captain far Swimmingwhich was washed away the wave. Peppie nine years old, she lives on an old villa "Chicken" along with his horse and monkey named Mr. Nilson and embodies the child's dream of permissive. This image is the complete oppositeness of the ideal of the Swedish girl of the 1940s, obedient, virtuous and hardworking.

Paphos Lindgren is not at all reduced to rethinking gender roles Peppy has an incomplete force, richer-in, unlimited freedom. Peppi itself sends himself to bed and gives him naguy.. Lindgren one of the first began to portray the world from the position of children, based on their motives, desires and needs. Her humor also read the children, and adult, and in the books there are no teachings and morality. The books about Peppy crossed the tradition of the image of a child as a creature that need to vaccinate various virtues.

"Mio, My Mio" and other books about solitude

Cover of the first edition of the story of Astrid Lindgren "Mio, My Mio". 1954

Lars, son Astrid Lindgren. 1930s© astridlindgren.se.

In the early 1950s, returning from work through the Park Tegner, Astrid saw a lonely boy sitting on a bench. She imperceptibly demanded after him before the entrance in the house of 13V on the street Uplastsgathan: So there was an image of the Bouss - an unloved child in a teaching family, which became the main character "Mio, My Mio" (1954). The hero of the book also lives on the jetsgatan In Russian translation home number - 13., TURN OF RUGAN AND COMBILLS OF FACE PARENTS AND DREATING ABOUT A REAL FATER.

The theme of loneliness and orphanhood trace almost all the books of Astrid is a adopted Mio, orphaned Peppi, Rasmus from the book "Rasmus-Broadcasting" (1956). Perhaps, thus Astrid experienced the loneliness of his son, who spent the first three years in the foster family.

The book about MIO turned the attitude towards children's literature in Sweden. Profi Sorrow Ulle Holmberg, who enjoyed great authority in literary circlesThe reviews for the newspaper Dugens Nyuhecher wrote that "children's books deserve the same serious attitude towards themselves as adults."

Cycle about Carlsone: the most strange children's book

The cover of the first edition of the story "Carlson who lives on the roof" Astrid Lindgren. Illustrations of Ilon Vikland. 1955 year © Rabén & Sjögren Publishing House

The cover of the first edition of the story "Carlson, who lives on the roof, arrived again" Astrid Lindgren. Illustrations of Ilon Vikland. 1962 year © Rabén & Sjögren Publishing House

The cover of the first edition of the story "Carlson, who lives on the roof, compensates again" Astrid Lindgren. Illustrations of Ilon Vikland. 1968 year © Rabén & Sjögren Publishing House

The carlsone cycle consists of three books: "Kid and Carlson, who lives on the roof" (1955), "Carlson who lives on the roof, arrived again" (1962) and "Carlson who lives on the roof, refuses again" (1968 ).

The history of the appearance of Carlson every year is becoming all new myths. Swedish critics have noted more than once that Astrid wrote down his character from Mr. about "Millie from the comic of American Cro-Ketta Johnson in the 1940s. In them, to the boy named Barnaby Baxter before bedtime, through the window, the creature with pink dragonfly wings suddenly flies. Laughs for a propeller. Mr. about "Malloi was about 90 centimeters in growth, consisted of Elves, Leprekonov, Dwarves and Little Homes. The magic wand served as half a repurchased Havana cigar.

The cover of the first edition of the comic book album about Mr. about "Malley" Barnabi "Johnson Croquette. 1944 ANTIC HAY RARE BOOKS

According to another version, Mr. Lilonkvast, the Angel of Death from the story of Astrid Lindgren "in the Twilight Country", was included in the collection "Kroashka Niels Carlson" (1949). Mr. Lilonkvast is a Swedish analogue of Ole Luke from tale of the same name Andersen. In the book Lindgren, he is to a sick boy Yoran and takes it into a twilight country, where "nothing more matters." Joran and Lilonkvast fly over the night Stockholm just like a little later baby and Carlson, only this flight is not at all fun. In addition, the speech of Mr. Lilonkwast is a mines of Carlson's speech (for example, "it has no the slightest value"- an analogue of the phrase" trifles, a matter of life ").

Lindgren did not hide that the Szantsone family had the same address - volcanoysgathan, 12, - as her own family, who moved there in 1929.

Books about Carlson illustrated the Swedish artist of Estonian occurring Ilon Vikland. In Paris on the market, she saw a fat man who played on the harmonica, very reminding the hero of the book: red hair, a checkered shirt, blue pants on the straps. Ilon made sketch and showed Astrid. She confirmed: this is exactly what the hero looks like he invented.

Cover books "Three Tale of Baby and Carlson" Astrid Lindgren translated Liliana Longina. Moscow, 1975Publishing House "Children's Literature"

The cover of the book Astrid Lindgren "Carlsson, who lives on the roof" translated Lyudmila Bryud. Moscow, 1997Publishing House "ABC"

In Russia, Karlson's popularity is obliged to brilliant translation. Lilianna Lungina, who opened this text to the Soviet readers, did not know that Lindgren was already famous all over the world, and in the book reviews preddered the author the great future. Thanks to Lunkina, the famous expressions of "trifles, a matter of life" went to the people, "I'm in moderation of a diverse man in the very breakdown of forces", "to smoke" and many others. Her translation is considered canonic. The second translation was made in 1997 by Lyudmila Brore, who wanted to bring Karlson to the original. In the names of Carlson, another "C" appeared, as in Swedish, and the Domomomuchian turned into a "home-goat". BRAUSH's translation did not take root because of dryness and wishes, but the Mika field around the two Russian versions of Karlson does not subside so far.

"Emil from Lönnebergs": a book about domestic violence

In the summer of 1962, Astrid Lindgren tried to calm his grandson of Karl Yuhan and unexpectedly asked him the question: "Guess, what did Emil from Lönneberg ever do?" So spontaneously there was an idea of \u200b\u200ba new book about the adventures little boyliving with her family on Khutors Kathult in Smolde (where Astrid herself). We will learn about all the trains of Emil, thanks to his domic mother, who recorded all the happening of the neck in the Si-nude notebook.

Cover the story of Astrid Lindgren Emil from Lönneberg. 1963 year Rabén & Sjögren Publishing House

Alive and inquisitive Emil became one of the most beloved heroes Astrid Lindgren. The material for the stories was not only children's tricks of Gunnar, but also the stories of her father Samuel August about childhood, as well as the phrases of her son, nephew and numerous grandchildren. In the "Emil's Adventures from Lyon-Ne Brohi" is recreated an image of careless childhood on the lamp of nature, who, as Astrid Lindgren herself was noticed more than once in letters and interviews, so lacking urban children.

Danish researcher Jens Andersen considers the main conflict trilo-giving the struggle for power between Emil and his father: "This struggle arises either from the fear of the Father that his son will grow up soon, or from the indomitable desire to command his father ... This struggle flashes when the Son shows Himself smarter, the intelligant, is human-loving and inventive than father. " Whenever Emil avoids his father's spanking thanks to the mother who hides him from punishment in the barn.

To beat the children Astrid Lindgren considered completely unacceptable. In 1978, she had to hand over the prestigious Award of the World of German Bookators-Tsev. In his Thanksgiving speech, the writer wanted to say about violence and tyranny, first of all about the domestic violence, from which children suffer. The man who in his childhood beat, is more likely to be a tyrant and will bear this aggression further. To stop wars and put the start of serious political changes in the world, you need to start with Children. However, the organizers seemed to be a provocative character, and they asked Astrid to soften it. In response, the writer said that in this case she would not come to the award ceremony at all, after which the Committee had changed his decision. In 1979, a law was adopted in Sweden prohibiting the corporal punishment of children.


Astrid Lindgren at the award ceremony of the German bookseller's premium. 1978 astridlindgren.se.

Astrid Lindgren received thousands of letters from children and adults and tried to answer everyone. In 1971 she wrote a 12-year-old girl Sarah. The letter began with a question "Want to make me happy?" And it became the beginning of a long secret correspondence, which was published in the book called "Your Letters I Store under the Mattress" a few years after the death of Pisa-guards. The difference in 50 years did not interfere with this friendship and a frankly war-wage about love, death, rebellion, freedom and God.

After the death of Astrid Lindgren, the Swedish government almost immediately established a memorial premium of her name for merit in the field children reading. This is the first largest premium in the world of children's literature after Nobel: 5 million crowns, that is, about half a million euros.

Images: Astrid Lindgren plays with children. 1971 © Alert / ULLSTEIN BILD VIA GETTY IMAGES

Sources

  • Andersen J. This day is life.
  • BRUSHE L. I do not want to write for adults!
  • Longgin L. Interest. Librayan Lilianna, told by her in Oleg Dorman's film.
  • Metcaph E.-M. Astrid Lindgren.

    Stockholm, 2002.

  • Milles W. In the footsteps of Astrid Lindgren.

    Stockholm, 2007.

  • Strightstt M. Great fairy tale. Life Astrid Lindgren.
  • Ljunggren K. Läs Om Astrid Lindgren.

    Stockholm, 1992.

  • Schwetz K. ÖVersättaren Som Medförfattare. ÖVersättarens Språk Och Uttryckssätt I Den Ryska Översättningen AV Pippi Långstrump.

    Göteborg, 2010.

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  • Westin B. Children's Litterarature in Sweden.

    Biography

    Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren (Swede Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren, nee Ericsson, Swede Ericsson; November 14, 1907 - January 28, 2002) - Swedish writer, author of a row worldwide famous books for kids.

    As Lindgren was pointed out in the collection of autobiographic essays "My Fiction" (1971), she grew up in the eyelid and cabriolet. The main means of movement was an equestrian crew for family, the pace of life was slower, entertainment is simpler, and the relationship with the surrounding nature is much closer than today. Such a situation contributed to the development of love from the writer to nature - all the work of Lindgren is imbued with this feeling, from eccentric stories about the daughter of Peppi - Pirate Long stockulock Before the story of Ronnie, the daughter of the robber.

    Astrid Ericsson was born on November 14, 1907 in South Sweden, in a small town of Vimmerbu Province of Smoltend (Len Kalmar), in the farm family. She became the second child of Samuel August, Eriksson and his wife Hannah. Father was engaged in agriculture on a rented farm in Nes, the pastoral estate at the very outskirts of the town. Together with the elder brother, Gunnar, the family grew three sisters - Astrid, Styn and Ingegere. The writer itself has always called his childhood happy (there was a lot of games and adventures, interspersed with work on the farm and in its surroundings) and pointed out that it was the source of inspiration for her creativity. Astrid's parents not only experienced a deep attachment to each other and to children, but did not hesitate to show her what was at the time rare. On special relations in the family, the writer with great sympathy and tenderness told in the only book that was not addressed to children, "Samuel Augustus from Sevenstorp and Hannah from Hutha" (1973).

    Start of creative activity

    As a child, Astrid Lindgren was surrounded by folklore, and many jokes, fairy tales, the stories that she heard from his father or from friends, then went into the basis of her own works. Love for books and reading, as she confessed later, arose in Kristin's kitchen with which she was friends. It was Christine who joined Astrid to an amazing, exciting world, in which it was possible to fall, reading fairy tales. The impressionable Astrid was shocked by this discovery, and later herself mastered the magic of the word.

    Her abilities became obvious already in primary schoolwhere Astrid was called the "Vimmerbun Selmary Lagerleof", which, in his opinion, she did not deserve.

    Astrid Lindgren in 1924

    After school, aged 16, Astrid Lindgren began working as a journalist in the local newspaper Wimmerby Tidningen. But after two years she became pregnant, not being married, and, leaving the post of junior reporter, went to Stockholm. There she graduated from the courses of secretaries and in 1931 found work on this specialty. In December 1926, her son Lars was born. Since there was not enough money, the Astrid had to give a hot beloved son to Denmark, in the family of receiving parents. In 1928, she got the work of the secretary in the Royal Autoclub, where he met Lindgren's sture. They got married in April 1931, and after that Astrid was able to pick up Lars home.

    Years of creativity

    After Marriage, Astrid Lindgren decided to become a domestic economy to completely devote himself to concerns about Lars, and then about the daughter of Karin born in 1934. In 1941, Lindgrens moved to an apartment overlooking the Stockholm Wasa Park, where the writer lived down to his death. Occasionally takes care of the secretarial work, she composed descriptions of travel and pretty banal fairy tales for family magazines and Christmas calendars, which gradually honed their literary skills.

    According to Astrid Lindgren, "Peppi Long Stocking" (1945) was born primarily due to the daughter of Karin. In 1941, Karin fell ill with inflammation of the lungs, and every evening Astrid told her before bedtime all sorts of stories. Once the girl ordered the story about Peppy Long Stocking - it was invented right there, on the go. So Astrid Lindong began to compose a story about a girl who does not obey any conditions. As the Astrid lagged a new one for that time and caused hot disputes the idea of \u200b\u200bupbringing taking into account child psychology, the call to the conventions seemed to her an interesting mental experiment. If we consider the image of peppy in a generalized plan, then it is based on innovative ideas in the 1930s in the 1930s in the field of child education and child psychology. Lindgren followed the controversy unfolded in society and participated in it, speaking for education, which would take into account the thoughts and feelings of children and thus showed respect for them. New approach To children affected her creative mannerAs a result, she became the author, consistently speaking from the point of view of the child. After the first story about Peppi, who was loved by Karin, Astrid Lindgren over the next years told all the new evening fairy tales about this red-haired girl. In the tenth birthday, Karin Astrid Lindgren made a stenographic recording of several stories, of which then made a book of its own manufacture (with illustrations of the author) for her daughter. This initial manuscript "Peppi" was less thoroughly finished stylistically and more radical in their ideas. One copy of the manuscript writer sent to the largest Stockholm Publisher "Bonnere". After some, the manuscript was rejected. Astrid Lindgren was not discharged by refusal, she had already realized that it was called her vocation for children. In 1944, she took part in the competition for best book For girls announced by the relatively new and little-known publishing house "Rabn and Schogren". Lindgren received the second prize for the story "Britt-Marie pours the soul" (1944) and the publishing contract for her. In 1945, Astrid Lindgren proposed the position of editor of children's literature in the publishing house "Rabn and Schogren". She adopted this proposal and worked in one place until 1970, when officially retired. In the same publishing house all her books went out. Despite the huge employment and combination of editorial work with household responsibilities and writing, Astrid was a fertile writer: if you consider a picture of the picture, from under her feather there was a total of about eighty works. Especially productive was the work in the 40s and 50s. Only in 1944 - 1950 Astrid Lindgren composed the trilogy about Peppi Longs, two tales of children from a bullery, three books for girls, detective, two collection of fairy tales, a collection of songs, four plays and two pictures. As you can see from this list, Astrid Lindgren was an unusually versatile author, ready to experiment in the most different genres. In 1946, she published the first story about the detective Calle Blumkivist ("Calle Blumkivist plays"), thanks to which he won the first award on the literary competition (more Astrid Lindgren did not participate in contests). In 1951, a continuation was followed, "Calle Blumviquist risks" (in Russian, both stories were published in 1959, called the "Adventures of Calle Blumvisist"), and in 1953 - the final part of the trilogy, Calle Blumyvist and Rasmus (was translated into Russian in 1986). Calle Bloomvist Writer wanted to replace the readers who glorify the violence of cheap thrillers. In 1954, Astrid Lindgren composed the first of her fabulous leads - "Mio, my Mio!" (Per. 1965). In this emotional, dramatic book, the receptions of the heroic legend and magic fairy tales, but the story of Boo Wilhelm Ulsson, unloved and left without doubtful concern of the son of receiving parents. Astrid Lindgren has repeatedly resorted to a fairy tale and a fabulous story, affecting the fate of lonely and abandoned children (so it was to "Mio, My Mio!"). Carry the consolation children, help them overcome difficult situations - This task was not last moved by the work of the writer. In the next trilogy - "Kid and Carlson, who lives on the roof" (1955; Per. 1957), "Carlson, who lives on the roof, arrived again" (1962; pen 1965) and "Carlson who lives on the roof, refuses Again "(1968; pen. 1973) - Again there is a fantasy hero of the unlikely. This "moderately absorbed", infantile, greedy, boastful, inflated, feeling pity for himself, egocentric, although not deprived of the charm of the little man dwells on the roof of an apartment building, where the baby lives. Being an imaginary friend of the baby, he represents a much less wonderful image of childhood than unpredictable and carefree Peppi. The baby is the youngest of three children in the most ordinary family of Stockholm Bourgeois, and Carlson gets into his life quite specific way - Through the window, and it does it every time the baby feels excess, bypassed or humiliated, in other words, when the boy becomes sorry for himself. In such cases, its compensatory alter-ego appears - in all respects "the best in the world" Carlson, which makes the baby forget about the troubles. Equipment and theatrical performances in 1969 The famous Stockholm royal drama Theater Put "Carlson who lives on the roof", which was unusual for that time. Since then, the staging by the books of Astrid Lindgren is constantly going both in large and small theaters of Sweden, Scandinavia, Europe and the United States of America. A year before performing in Stockholm, the play of Karlcon was shown on the scene of the Moscow Satire Theater, where he still played (this hero is of great popularity in Russia). If on a global scale, the creativity of Astrid Lindgren paid attention primarily due to theatrical performancesIn Sweden, the fame of the writer, films and television series based on its works contributed a lot. The first was the first to be a story about Calle Blumkivist - the movie premiere took place for Christmas 1947. Two years later, the first of four films about Peppi Longs appeared. In the period 50s to the 80s, the well-known Swedish director Ulle Hellbum has created a total of 17 films on the books of Astrid Lindgren. Visual interpretations Hellybum with their inexpressible beauty and susceptibility to the writing word became a classic Swedish cinema for children. Social activity Over the years of mine literary activity Astrid Lindgren earned more than one million crowns, selling the rights to publish their books and their decree, on the release of audio and video cassettes, and later also CDs with records of their songs or literary works in own performanceBut no one has changed his lifestyle. Since the 1940s, she lived in the same - pretty modest - Stockholm apartment and preferred not to save wealth, but to distribute money to others. Unlike many Swedish celebrities, she was not even a mind to translate a significant part of their income with Swedish tax authorities. Only once, in 1976, when the tax was charged 102% of its profits, Astrid Lingren protested. On March 10 of the same year, she moved to the offensive, sent to the Stockholm newspaper "Express" an open letter in which he told a fairy tale about a certain Pomperiposce from Montismania. In this fairy tale, Astrid Lindgren got up to the position of the profan or naive child (as Hans Christian Andersen did it in the "New Dress of the King") and, taking advantage of her, tried to expose the vices of society and universal pretense. A year, when the parliamentary elections were to have come, this fairy tale has become almost untouched by a crushing attack on the originating, smug and baked only about their own interests of the Swedish Social Democratic Party, which stayed over 40 years in a row. Although at first it fell on the writer and tried to rink her finance minister Gunnar Strang, a hot debate followed, the tax law was changed, and (as many, not without the help of Astrid Lindgren) autumn election In Rixdag, Social Democrats suffered defeat. The writer itself was all his conscious life with a member of the Social Democratic Party - and remained in her ranks after 1976. And objected primarily against the distance from ideals, which Lindgren remembered since his youth. When she once asked, whatever she chose for themselves, if she had not become a famous writer, she answered without hesitation that she would like to take part in the social-democratic movement of the initial period. Values \u200b\u200band ideals of this movement played - along with humanism - a fundamental role in the character of Astrid Lindgren. The desire for equality and a caring attitude towards people helped the writer to overcome the barriers erected by its high position in society. She acted equally cardiovascular and respectfully, whether it was the Swedish Prime Minister, the head of a foreign state or one of her readers-children. In other words, Astrid Lindgren lived according to his convictions, which was made by the subject of admiration and respect, both in Sweden and beyond. An open letter Lindgren with a fairy tale about Pomperipross was such a great influence because by 1976 she was not just a famous writer: she used in Sweden not only fame, but also tremendous respect. An important person, a person who is known to the whole country, has become due to numerous performances on radio and television. Thousands of Swedish children rose, listening to Astrid Lindgren in the author's performance. Her voice, her face, her opinion, her sense of humor was familiar with the majority of the Swedes since the 50s - 60s, when she led various quizzes and talk shows on radio and television. In addition, Astrid Lindgren won the people with their performances in defense of such a typical Swedish phenomenon, as universal love to nature and reverending her beauty. In the spring of 1985, when the daughter of the Smolandian Farmer publicly spoke about the oppression of agricultural animals, the Prime Minister listened to it. Lindgren heard of animal evil handling on large Farms of Sweden and other industrial countries from Christina Forslund, a veterinarian and a teacher of the Ustsal University. Seventh-year-old Astrid Lindgren sent an open letter to the largest Stockholm newspapers. The letter contained another fairy tale - about a loving cow, which protests against the poor handling of cattle. This fairytale writer began a campaign that lasted three years. In June 1988, the Law on the Protection of Animals, who received Latin name Lex Lindgren (Lindgren Law) was adopted; However, he did not like his inspirational to his vagueness and deliberately small efficiency. As in other cases, when Lindgren joined the well-being of children, adults or ambient The writer was repelled from his own experience and her protest was caused by deep mental excitement. She understood that at the end of the 20th century it is impossible to return to small cattle breeding, whose witness was in childhood and adolescence on the Father's Farm and in neighboring farms. She demanded something more fundamental: respect for animals, since they are also living beings and are endowed with feelings. Deep Vera Astrid Lindgren in non-violent methods of treatment was also applied to animals and children. "Only not violence" - so she called her speech while presenting it in 1978 by the German prize of the German book Track (received by her for the story "Lion Heart Brothers" (1973; Per. 1981) and for the struggle of the writer for peaceful coexistence and a decent life for everyone Living creatures). In this speech, Astrid Lindgren defended his pacifist convictions and advocated the upbringing of children without violence and corporal punishment. "We all know," Lindgren reminded, "that children who beat and subjected to ill-treatment themselves will beat and expose their children to the brutal appeal, and therefore this enchanted circle should be broken." In 1952, the husband of an astrid was died. In 1961, her mother died, eight years old - father, and in 1974 her brother and several dowy friends died. Astrid Lindgren has repeatedly encountered a mystery of death and thought a lot over it. If Astrid's parents were sincere adherents of Lutherancy and believed after death, the writer itself called himself with agnostic. Awards In 1958, Astrid Lindgren awarded the Medal of Hans Christian Andersen, which is called the Nobel Prize in children's literature. In addition to the awards awarded for purely children's writers, Lindgren received a number of premiums for "adult" authors, in particular, established by the Danish Academy Medal Karen Blixen, the Russian medal named after the Lion Tolstoy, Chilean Prize Gabriely Mistral and Swedish Prize Selma Liemlef. In 1969, the writer received the Swedish State Prize in Literature. Its achievements in the field of charity were marked by the German prize prize for the 1978 year and the Albert Swituers medal for 1989 (awarded to the American Institute for the Improvement of Animal Life). The writer died on January 28, 2002 in Stockholm. Astrid Lindgren refers to the most famous children's writers in the world. Her works are imbued with fantasy and love for children. Many of them are translated by 70 with superfluous languages \u200b\u200band have been published in more than 100 countries. In Sweden, she became a living legend, because he entertained, inspired and comforted not one generation of readers, participated in political life, I changed the laws and significantly affected the development of children's literature.

    Astrid Lindgren was born on November 14, 1907 in the city of Vimmerbu (South Sweden), in the farm family. Her talent began to manifest itself in elementary school. At the age of 16 finishes school and begins to work in the Wimmerby Tidningen journalist newspaper. At the age of 18, became pregnant and resigned from work to move to Stockholm. Her child, Lars, was born in December 1926, and in 1928 it is arranged by the secretary in the royal autoclub. There he met her husband in Sture Lindgren. In 1931, they registered marriage, and in 1934 Lindgren was born joint daughter Karin.

    "Peppy Long Stocking" 1945 arises, thanks to her daughter Karin. The little-known and new publishing house "Raben and Schogren" in 1944 announced a competition in which Astrid received the second place for the story "Brit-Marie strengthens the soul" and the publishing contract for her. From 1945 to 1970, Lindgren worked as editor of children's literature in the same publisher. She wrote approximately 80 works. From 1944 to 1950, he wrote the trilogy "Peppi Long Stocking", 2 books Pictures, 3 books for girls, 2 collection of fairy tales, a collection of songs, four plays, detective, 2 Tale of children from a bullcher. In 1946 - the first story "Calle Bloomkovist plays", 1951 - "Calle Blumkivist risks" and in 1953 - the last part Trilogy, Calle Bloomvist and Rasmus. Compounds the first of the 3 fabulous stories "Mio, My Mio" in 1954. From 1955 to 1968, he composes the trilogy about Carlson and the baby. The first statement of "Carlson, who lives on the roof" put the Stockholm Royal Drama Theater. At Christmas, 1947, the premiere of the film about Calle Blumquist took place. In 1949 - the first film about Peppi Long stocking was released. In 1973, he wrote a single book not for children "Samuel August from Sevenstorp and Hannah from Khalha"

    The writer from 1940 lived in the same apartment. There was a member of the Social Democratic Party even after 1976.

    He received the Peace Prize in 1978 and Albert Switucer Medal 1989 for the story "The Lion Heart Brothers" 1973 and for fought for peaceful coexistence and a decent life of all living beings. In 1958, Astrid received the Medal of Hans Christian Andersen, the Medal of Karen Blixen Danish Academy, the Russian medal named after Lion Tolstoy, the Swedish Prize of Selmae Lagerleof, Chilean Prize Gabriely Mistral. Swedish State Prize in Literature - 1969 ..

    I have long wanted to keep in my journal the article Oleg Foco on the life of Astrid Lindgren and excerpts from her memories of childhood. Delivery to photos.
    Here, I save :)
    And I advise you to read those who have not yet read - very interesting and with large love Written!

    Astrid Lindgren
    (1907 - 2002)

    The name Astrid Lindgren is named one of the small planets.
    "Call me now" Asteroid Lindgren- she joking, having learned about such an unusual act of recognition.
    Children's writer became the first woman who was delivered to the monument in the center of Stockholm, and Astrid was present at its opening ceremony.
    Swedes called their compatriot "Women's Century".
    Astrid Anna Emily Lindgren is the most famous Swedish children's writer.

    She wrote 87 children's books and most of Of them translated into Russian. In particular, this is:
    - "Peppi Longs"
    - "Kid and Carlson who lives on the roof"
    - "Emil from Lönneberg"
    - "Brothers Lion Heart"
    - "Roni, daughter of the robber"
    - "Famous Detective Calle Bloomvist"
    - "We are all from the bull"
    - "Rasmus-Tramp"
    - "Lott with a gorough street"

    In 1957, Lindgren became the first children's writer who received the Swedish state award for literary achievements. At Astrid, such a number of rewards and premiums struck that everything is simply impossible to list them.
    Among the most important:
    - Award named after Hans Christian Andersen, called "Malaya Nobel";
    - Prize named after Lewis Carroll;
    - UNESCO awards and various governments;
    - International gold medal Lev Tolstoy;
    - Silver bear (for the film "Ronnie - the daughter of the robber").

    Astrid Lindgren, nee Ericsson was born in a farm family on November 14, 1907 in the small town of Vimmerbu Province of Smoltend, which is in South Sweden.

    As the Lindgren itself writes in the collection of autobiographical essays "My Fiction", she grew up in a century of a horse and a cabriolet. The main means of movement was an equestrian crew for family, the pace of life was slower, entertainment is simpler, and the relationship with the surrounding nature is much closer than today.
    And since childhood, the future great fairy tale loved the nature, not imagining how to live without this amazing world.

    Childhood took place under the banner of endless games - exciting, fascinating, sometimes risky and no inferior to boyish fun. Passion to climb the trees Astrid Lindgren has retained until the oldest age. "The law of Moses, thank God, the old women on the trees do not forbid"- I said, it happened, she is in old age, overcoming another tree.

    She was the second child of Samuel August Eriksson and his wife Hannah. Father rented a farm in Nes, Pastor estate on the very outskirts of the town. In addition to the elder brother of Gunnar, the Astrid soon appeared two sisters - Styn and Ingegere.

    The parents of Astrid met when the father was thirteen, and his mother twelve, and loved each other since the same time.
    They experienced deep attachment towards each other and to children. And most importantly, they were not shy of these feelings, which by the standards of that time was a big rarity, even if not a challenge society.
    About this time and special relations in the family, the writer with tenderness told in his only "adult" book "Samuel August of Sevenstorp and Hannah from Halland."

    As a child, Astrid Lindgren was surrounded by folklore, and many jokes, fairy tales, the stories that she heard from his father or from friends, then went into the basis of her own works.
    Love for books and reading, as she confessed later, arose in Kristin's kitchen with which she was friends. It was Christine who joined the Astrid to the amazing world of fairy tales.
    The girl grew on the books, completely unlike her own future works: on the cerebral Elsa Beskov, on the lacquered records folk fairy tales, on moral entries for youth.

    Her own abilities became apparent in elementary school, where Astrid was called "Vimmerbun Selm Lagerleof", which, in his opinion, she did not deserve.
    Astrid, who read a lot from an early age, studied very easily. It was much more difficult to support the rules of school discipline. It was the prototype of Peppi Longs.

    The city, which is described in almost every Lindgren novel, is a Vimmerby, near which the Native Khutor Astrid was located. Wimmerbu turned out to be the city where Peppi went for shopping, then the vulgar police officer, then the place where the little Mio runs.

    After school, aged 16, Astrid Lindgren began working as a journalist in the local newspaper "Wimmerby Tidningen".
    The once obedient Astrid turned into a real "queen swing".

    But her new haircut appeared on top of the mouth - she was one of the first in the area shortly squeezed her hair, and it was sixteen years old!
    The shock was so great that the father categorically forbade her to be shown to his eyes, and people on the street approached her and asked to remove the hat and demonstrate their amazing hairstyle.

    At eighteen, Astrid became pregnant.
    The scandal was so great that the girl had to leave the parent home and go to the capital, leaving the post of the junior reporter and his beloved family.
    In 1926, Astrid was born the son of Lass.
    Since there was not enough money, Astrid had to give a hotly beloved son in Denmark, in the family of receiving parents. That she did not forgive himself.

    In Stockholm, Astrid is studying on the secretary, then works in a small offshore.
    In 1931, it changes to the Royal Autoclub and marries his head of Lindgren's sture, which turned Astrid Ericsson to Astrid Lindgren. After that, Astrid was able to pick up Lars home.

    After Marriage Astrid Lindgren decided to become a domestic economy to completely devote himself to his son. The boy was proud of Astrid - she was the most hooligan mom in the world! Once she jumped into a tram at full speed, and she was fined the conductor.

    The daughter of Karin was born at Lindgren in 1934, when Lass was seven years old.

    In 1941, Lindgrens moved to an apartment overlooking the Stockholm Wasa Park, where the writer lived down to his death. The family lived in harmony to the death of the sture in 1952. Astrid was 44 years old.

    History of faded leg

    Perhaps we would never have read the fairy tales of the Swedish writer, if it were not for her daughter and "His Majesty is the case."
    In 1941, Karin fell ill with inflammation of the lungs, and every evening Astrid told her before bedtime all sorts of stories. Once the girl ordered the story about Peppi Longs - this name she invented immediately, on the go. So Astrid Lindong began to compose a story about a girl who does not obey any conditions.

    Shortly before the Decade of the daughter, Astrid was extremely unsuccessfully told to the leg and, laying in bed and reflecting on the gift of his daughter for a birthday, the future Great Fairy Tale recorded her first novel "Peppi Longs" and the studied continuation of a funny red girlfriend.
    A handwritten book with an illustration of the author was met daughter with delight. 10-year-old daughter and friends persuaded Astrid Send a manuscript to one of the major Swedish publishers.
    Since this all started...

    One copy of the manuscript writer sent to the largest Stockholm Publisher "Bonnere". After some, the manuscript was rejected. But the writer has already decided everything for himself and in 1944 she took part in the competition for the best book for girls, announced by the relatively new and little-known publishing house "Raben & Sjotgren".
    Lindgren received the second prize for the story "Britt-Marie strengthens the soul" and the publishing contract for her.

    In parallel, the writer carefully followed the discussion on education that turned into society, speaking for the upbringing, which would take into account the thoughts and feelings of children and thus showed respect for them.
    She became the author, consistently speaking from the point of view of the child.
    World recognition for a long time could not reconcile the author with the Swedish State Commission for Children's and educational literature. From the point of view of official teachers, Lindgren fairy tales were incorrect and insufficient instructive.

    And then Lindgren begins to work in this publishing as an editor of the Children's Literature.
    After five years, the writer receives the Niels Holgerson Prize, then the German Prize "For the Best Children's Book" ("Mio, My Mio").
    In this publisher, she worked until a pension on which was officially gone in 1970.
    In 1946, she published the first story about the detective Calle Blumkivist, thanks to which he won the first award on the literary contest (more Astrid Lindgren did not participate in competitions).

    Carlson was supposed in the USSR

    The idea of \u200b\u200bCarlson, who lives on the roof, also suggested the daughter.
    Astrid paid attention to funny story Karin that when a girl remains alone, a small cheerful little man who hides the picture to her in the room through the window, which is hiding for the painting if adults are included.
    His name was the Lilliam Quird - the magic uncle in a pointed hat, which in twilight leads alone children in incredible travels. He came to life in the collection "Baby Niels Carlson" .

    And in 1955, "Kid and Carlson, who lives on the roof" appeared.
    Carlson - the first positive hero of the children's book with a full set negative traits. He made to believe that all our fears and problems are only "trifles, a matter of life."

    In March 1966, teacher french Lilianna Lungina - the wife of the filmmature of Semyon Lungin, the mother of cinematographers Evgenia and Pavel Longinov - brought home in the old car the Swedish book some Astrid Lindgren.

    She had already dreamed about the work of the translator, and in the publishing house "Children's literature" promised to conclude a contract with it if there is a good Swedish book ...

    In 1967, the first Soviet edition of Karlson saw the light.
    The book instantly became popular. By 1974, more than 10 million (!) Straps of the fairy tale were sold.
    Lindgren loved to repeat in his interview that in Carlson "there is something Russian." And then Lindgren arrived in Moscow. Lilianna Lungin recalled: "Astrid turned out to be surprisingly similar to his books - the insightful, very intelligent. Easy and truly fun. Having come to us, she pulled out our six-year-old son to Zhenya from the bed and began to play the carpet with him, and when we were accompanied into the hotel, she , having flowning from the trolleybus, so cape and enthusiastically burned out on the street that we had to answer her the same ... "

    The "cult of personality" Carlson in the USSR began after the release of the "Soyuzmultfilm" studio of the "Toddler and Carlson" and "Carlson returned" after the release of the "Soyuzmultfilm" studio.
    It could also become a trilogy (a series about Uncle Julius), if the director of the cartoon Boris Stepanans did not fond of new projects.
    A leading role in the cult cartoon played an artist Anatoly Savchenko. It was he who created the characters who were crowded from our consciousness Original Ilon Vikland.
    Many winged phrases From m / f in the book there are no. Recall at least:
    - "Carlonchik dear!"
    - "Fu! All the neck served"
    - "Do I love children? How would it tell you? ... insane!"
    - "And I went crazy! What an annoyance ..."

    The emphasis was shifted toward the loneliness of the baby. And instead of a mischievous boy, how he was at Lindgren (he throws stones and holds Freken side) we see the sad big-eyed melancholic.
    Carlson in Russian translation is generally good.

    How the fairy tale changed power

    Astrid Lindgren earned not one million crowns, selling the rights to publish their books and their decree, on the release of audio and video cassettes, CDs with records of their songs or literary works in their own performance.

    But all these years, the image of her life did not change - Lindgren lived in the same modest Stockholm apartment and preferred to distribute money to others.
    Only once, in 1976, when the tax was recovered by the state amounted to 102% (!) From its profits, Lingren protested.

    She sent an open letter to the Stockholm newspaper in the Stockholm newspaper, in which she told a fairy tale about a certain Pomperiposce from Montismania. In this fairy tale for adults, Astrid Lindgren rose to the position of the profane and tried to expose the vices of society and his pretense.
    In the year of parliamentary elections, the fairy tale has become a bomb for the oborcisal apparatus of the Swedish Social Democratic Party, which stayed in power over 40 years in a row.
    Elections Social Democrats lost.
    At the same time, the writer itself was a member of this party all his life.

    Her letter was so perceived due to universal respect, which the writer used in Sweden. Books in its execution listened to the radio Swedish children. Her voice, the face and sense of humor knew both adults who were constantly seen and heard Lindgren on radio and television, where she led various quizzes and a talk show.

    "Only not violence" she called it a question when awarded the German prize award.
    "We all know, - Lindgren resembled, - that children whom beat and subjected to ill-treatment themselves will beat and expose their children to the brutal appeal, and therefore this enchanted circle should be broken ".

    In the spring of 1985, she publicly spoke about the oppression of agricultural animals.
    Listened to Prime Minister Ingvar Carlson himself. When he had a visit to Astrid Lindgren, she asked what he had brought with me for young people. "These are my bodyguards" - answered Carlson.
    "Pretty reasonable on your part, - said 78-year-old writer, - never know what to wait from me when I am in such a mood! "

    And the newspapers appeared a fairy tale about a loving cow, which protests against the poor handling of cattle. In June 1988, the law on the protection of animals was adopted, which received the name "Lindgren Law".

    She was always afraid not to catch ...

    In 1952, the husband of an astrid was died.
    Then - Mother, Father, and in 1974 her brother and several old friends died.
    And son.

    Began voluntary gate.
    "Life is a wonderful thing, so long stretches and still so short!" She said.
    The only thing that Astrid is really afraid - do not have time.

    In recent years, she rarely came out of the house and did not communicate with journalists.
    She practically lost sight and rumor, but always tried to be aware of all that was happening.
    When Astrid was 90 years old, she turned to numerous fans with the call not to send her gifts, but to send funds to the bank account for the construction of a children's medical center in Stockholm, where the writer and herself sent an impressive amount.
    Now this center is the largest in Northern Europe - It is called to the right center of Astrid Lindgren.

    Her books are translated in more than 80 languages \u200b\u200bof the world and have been published in more than 100 countries.
    As they say that if the entire circulation of the books of Astrid Lindgren put in a vertical stack, then it will be 175 times higher than the Eiffel Tower.

    There is a museum of fairy tales Astrid Lindgren "Unibacken" in Stockholm.
    Not far there is "Astrid Lindgren" in the park, where you can run on the roofs with Carlson, ride on the own horse Peppi long bullies and wander down the street of ugrelims.

    Children's writer's candidacy was posthumously nominated Nobel Prize World.
    The last ten years in the Swedish press annually sounded the appeals to give Astrid Lindgren Nobel Prize.
    But child writers never gave this prize. Children's literature lives in itself. Maybe because it is not only literary tasks in front of it, but also pedagogical. And the society always resists, lags behind.
    The Lindgren Prize did not give ...

    Oleg Fochkin

    Memories of childhood

    Astrid with his older brother Gunnar

    "From my childhood, I first remember not people, and that amazing and excellent Wednesday, which surrounded me. With age, the sensations are becoming less bright, but then the whole world around was unimaginably saturated and full of paints. Strawberries among the rocks, carpets of blue Spring Spring flowers, meadows of primrose, known to us only thickets of blueberries, a forest, covered with moss, through which elegant pink flowers make their way, where we knew every path and every pebbles like their five fingers, streams with water lily, ditches, springs and trees - all I remember it much more distinct than people. "

    Wonderful NES landscapes not only became for children a unique platform for games, but also allowed them to develop a living imagination. Little Ericssons tirelessly invented new fascinating games With what they saw around. An important meaning for these games had both songs and prayers and prayers.
    Amazing magic games.

    "Oh, as we knew how to play! Fourth, we could without tired of playing from morning to night. All our games were merry and active, and sometimes even dangerous for life, what we, of course, were not at all suspected. We worked on Self tall trees And jumped between rows of boards on the sawmill. We climbed high to the roof and balanced on it, and it would be worth it only to cool down, our games could stop forever. "

    One of the most beloved games of small Ericssons and their guests in Nes was the game "Do not step on the floor." At the same time, all the children should have been climbing on the furniture in the bedroom, without touching the floor. It is in such a game, but much later, Peppi will offer to play Tommy and Annica on the villa of Chicken.

    "From the door of the office, it was necessary to climb on the sofa, from there to boil to the kitchen door, and then - to the toilet table and desktop. Then you could jump on my dad, and from there - to a upholstered ottoman, which we could move to the living room door, after What the open fireplace again move to the cabinet door. "

    Another favorite game Astrid and Gunnar was the game "Wind-wind".
    Children had to run through all the rooms at home, starting from his different ends, and meet in the kitchen, where everyone had to poke the other finger in the stomach and shout "wind-wind!".
    It is in her who played Emil and Ida in the books about Emile from Lönnerberg.

    In Nes, there was an old elm, which Astrid and his brother and sisters were called "Sovic Tree."
    Inside the tree was completely hollow, and the children loved to play him very much.
    One day Gunnar screamed on a tree, holding in his hands egg. He put an egg to the Soviet nest, and after twenty-one I found in it just hatched chicken, whom Mom later bought from him for seventy-five era.
    The Astrid retells this story in the book "We are all from the Bull Bull", where this trick of Gunnar makes a small boss.

    However, at the beginning of the last century, the children of farmers had not only to relax, but also to do hard work. They landed the turnip, gardens from nettle and harvested harvest.
    The work on the farm was occupied by all: and children of hired workers, and the children of the owners.

    "As it was taken in those days, in us, of course, since childhood, awe of awe and thrill in front of the Lord are brought up. However, free time Nobody watched us, no one told us what to do. And we played, and played, and played ... If we had the opportunity, we could play forever! "

    According to the Astrid itself, she very clearly remembered the moment when her childhood came to an end, and the terrible awareness came to her that the games ended forever.

    "I remember very well that moment. We then loved to play with the granddaughter of the priest, when she came to the NES for the holidays. And somehow in the summer, in the next visit to her, we gathered to start our usual games and suddenly discovered that playing It does not work anymore. It was a very strange feeling, and we were very sad, because we did not know at all what else you can do, if you don't play "........

    Well, the book, of course :)
    Book written Amazing fairy tale Astrid Lindgren.

    In it - nine short fairy tales. Not related to each other.
    Always loved "There are no robbers in the forest" and "Niels Carlson".
    Translation of fairy tales in the book is familiar from childhood - L.Brade.
    And in the "princess ..." and in the "beloved sister" - E.Solevoyeva. I, really, do not remember whether I read these two fairy tales in childhood ...

    Pictures in the book - Catherine Kostina. Vachesian. Kostina-Vashchinskaya ... I confused with replacing her names :)
    Gently love her drawings "in the style of Krakle" :)
    So the question of buying this book did not stand for me - Lindgren + Kostina \u003d I am satisfied :)

    Well, about the publication.
    It is very good! Large format, in a sturdy cover, on matte chop, with a large-fat font and with excellent print quality.

    I am very approved by this book and impedely recommend buying :)

    Astrid Lindgren
    "Baby Niels Carlson"

    Publisher - Mahaon
    Year - 2015.
    Binding - cardboard with partial varnishing
    Paper - minor
    Format - Encyclopedic
    Pages - 128.
    Circulation - 8,000 copies

    Translation -L.Brade, E.Solovyova
    Artist - Ekaterina Kostina

    The books of Astrid Lindgren were so loved by Russian-speaking readers not only because of the author's literary talent, but also thanks to the excellent translation of Luliina Liliina. Of course, many translators translated Lindgren books into Russian, but not all publications were adopted by our reader. This review presents the 10 famous heroes of Astrid Lindgren in the best (according to readers) translations.

    "Baby Niels Carlson" translation L.Brada, E.Soloviev (5-7 years)

    Sadly, if you do not have a sister, nor brother and all days you are at home alone, when and not to miss anyone, not what to play. The most unusual friends appear in your life and appear in your life: a crumb-house is not more than a finger, a small elf from the apple orchard, a wooden cuckoo from wall clock, capable of singing and cheering, and even talking doll that has grown on a garden from a grain ...

    "Emil from Lenneberg" Translation L. Slongina (5-10 years)

    The funny story about Emil from Lönneberg, which was written by the wonderful Swedish writer Astrid Lindgren, and Lilianna Lungin was brillged into Russian, loved to adults and children of the entire planet. This vorticultural boy is a terrible mischief, he will not live his day without rebounding. Well, who comes to drive a cat to check if she jumps well?! Or put on a tantice? Or set fire to the feather on a hat at Pastorchi? Or catch a native father in the rattling, and piglery feed drunk cherries?
    It is recommended to all children from 5 years to develop an excellent sense of humor!

    "Kid and Carlson" Translation L. Longina! (6-12 years)

    Who is the most charming, the most beautiful, most intelligent and moderately a diluted man in the heyday? Of course, Carlson, a plump funny little man with a motor on his back!
    He knows and love the children of the whole world. For a restless temper, an unpretentious fantasy and desire to shake. But most of all, perhaps Carlson loves the baby, because together it is never boring, because the main thing for Carlson: "It is necessary to have fun and funny, and then I do not play." The famous trilogy includes a story: "Kid and Carlson who lives on the roof", "Carlson, who lives on the roof, arrived again," "Carlson, who lives on the roof, says again"

    "Peppi Longs" Translation L. Slongina (6-12 years)

    Lindgren wrote about Peppi 3 Tale: "Peppi settled on a villa" Chicken "," Peppie is going to the path "," Peppie in the country of Cheering "(you need to read exactly in this order) as well as short fairy tales:" Peppy long-term in the park - where - Tread-hops "and" The plunder of the Christmas tree, or grab what you want from Peppi Longs. "Read funny stories About Peppi we advise in L. Longina ( short stories There is only in Per.l.Brade), and if the child is important illustrations - pay attention to the naughty red girl performed by N. Bugoslavskaya N. or L.Tokmakova

    "Roni-Daughter of the Robber" L. Langina Translation (6-12 years)

    The story-tale Astrid Lindgren about the girl Roni, the daughter of the very mighty robbing Ataman of all forests and mountains, and about an unknown world, in which everything is unusual, mysterious and strange. And she is about adventures, friendship and love. Little brave Roni and her friend Birk put an end of the age-old enmity between two clans of robbers, moreover, they are not going to be robbers at all.

    "Children from the Bull Buller" Per. L.Glina (6-12 years)

    The book, which Astrid Lindgren considered his main book. This is actually a book about her childhood. The bulletboy is the best place on Earth, children who live there, and Astrid Lindgren herself, whose childhood has passed in the same little village in southern Sweden.
    And although the children in the bullcher of the whole six, they are never boring, as it was not bored and the great writer, because it was there formed her worldview. With the usual shine and humor for it, it describes their carefree childhood, in which there is a place and beautiful family holidays, and sages, and joy, and mumbling.

    "Madicen" per. I.Streblova (6-10 years)

    Labyrinth (click on the picture!)

    My-Shop.
    OZONE

    Madicen lives in a large red house near the river. There is no better place than this, it does not find the light, she believes. Mom and Dad, Assistant Alva and Baby Pims, who everywhere followed his older sister, live there. Where one, there and the other. Together they are always fun. And how can it be otherwise! After all, here so much interesting: you can swim, swing on the swing, play a crockety, water the garden and drink the hedgehog milk!

    "Mio, my Mio!" Translation of I.Tokmakova or L. Braude (7-10 years)

    He lived yes was in Stockholm a nine-year-old orphan boy Bu Wilhelm Ulsson (or simply the boss). Receiving parents lived not so much fun, because they could not tolerate boys. That would be the boss with such a father, like his friend Benkah! But once the golden apple falls in the hands of the boy, and his life is changing, as in magic. It turns out that the boss is not at all the boss, but the prince of Mio! And it real house not in Stockholm and in wonderful country Fetal, which is ruled by his father-king. Mio as if he falls into a fairy tale, where the faithful friend YUM-YUM is waiting for him, a snow-white horse Miramis, a magic well and a father's garden, full of rose. Only the fairy tale this time is sad, and sometimes terrible - too much grief caused the country of the far cruel knight of Kato, which lives behind the dormant forest. And the young Prince Mio destiny is intended to fight him ...

    "Calle Bloomvist" per. N. Gorodinskaya Vallenius. (8-13 years old)

    The detective trilogy about the young detective Calle contains a story: "The famous detective Calle Blumyquist plays", "The famous detective Calle Blumkivist risks" Calle Bloomvist and Rasmus ". We were issued only in the translation of N. Gorodinskaya Vallenius.

    Years of life: from 11/14/1907 to 01/28/2002

    Astrid Eriksson was born on November 14, 1907 in a small Swedish town of Vimmerby, in the farm family. The hotel with the elder brother, Gunnar, in the family grew three sisters - Astrid, Styn and Ingegere.

    The writer itself called his childhood happy, filled games and adventures. Lindgren always pointed out that it was the source of inspiration for her creativity. Astrid's parents not only experienced a deep attachment to each other and to children, but did not hesitate to show her what was at the time rare. As a child, Astrid Lindgren was surrounded into the atmosphere of folklore and folk legends, and many jokes, fairy tales, the stories that she heard from his father or from friends, then formed the basis of her own works.

    After school, aged 16, Astrid Lindgren began working as a journalist in the local newspaper Wimmerby Tidningen.

    But after two years she became pregnant, not being married, and, leaving the post of junior reporter, went to Stockholm. There she graduated from the courses of secretaries and subsequently found a job for this specialty. In December 1926, her son Lars was born. Since there was not enough money, the Astrid had to give a hot beloved son in the family of receiving parents. In 1928, she got the work of the secretary in the Royal Autoclub, where he met Lindgren's sture. They got married in April 1931, and after that Astrid was able to pick up Lars home.

    After Marriage Astrid Lindgren decided to become a housewife to completely devote himself to concerns about children: about Lars and about the daughter of Karin's daughter born in 1934. In 1941, Lindgren's family moved to an apartment overlooking the Stockholm Wasa Park, where the writer lived until his death. At this time, Lindgren sometimes worked as a secretary, and also wrote small fairy tales for magazines, which was a good school of writing skills.

    In 1945, Astrid Lindgren proposed the position of editor of children's literature in the publishing house "Rabn and Schogren". She adopted this proposal and worked in one place until 1970, when officially retired. In the same publishing house all her books went out. Despite the huge employment and combination of editorial work with household responsibilities and writing, Astrid was a fertile writer: if you consider a picture of the picture, from under her feather there was a total of about eighty works.

    The writer all his conscious life was a member of the Social Democratic Party - and remained in its ranks after 1976, when the writer's relationship with the top of the party was aggravated.

    Since the eighties, the writer plays an important role in the political life of the country, protecting the interests of children and animals.

    In 1952, the husband of an astrid was died. In 1961, her mother died, eight years old - father, and in 1974 her brother and several dowy friends died. Astrid Lindgren has repeatedly encountered a mystery of death and thought a lot over it. If Astrid's parents were sincere adherents of Lutherancy and believed after death, the writer itself called himself with agnostic.

    The writer died in 2002, having lived a long and happy life And writing several dozens of works, many of which entered the Golden Foundation for Children's Literature.

    According to Astrid Lindgren, "Peppi Longs" (1945) was born primarily thanks to the daughter of Karin. In 1941, Karin fell ill with inflammation of the lungs, and every evening Astrid told her before bedtime all sorts of stories. Once the girl ordered the story about Peppi Longs - this name she invented immediately, on the go. So Astrid Lindong began to compose a story about a girl who does not obey any conditions.

    Once, by mistake, the writer counted the tax, which was 102% of its level of income.

    In Russia, created computer games Based on the books about Peppi, Carlsone and on the story "Roni, a daughter of the robber."

    The name Astrid Lindgren is named one of the small planets.

    Children's writer has become the first woman who, during his lifetime, a monument was set (it is located in the center of Stockholm), and Astrid was present at the opening ceremony of his opening.

    Swedes called their compatriot "Women's Century".